Bangladesh National Electricity Transmission Line

ABSTRACT
A study to the Current Status of National Power grid

system of Bangladesh.
Mr. Alamgir Mollah Robin
National Power
Grid of
Bangladesh
Introduction
A power transmission grid is a network of power stations, transmission lines, and substations. Energy is
usually transmitted within a grid with three-phase AC. Single-phase AC is used only for distribution to
end users since it is not usable for large poly phase induction motors. In the 20th century, two-phase
transmission was used but required either four wires or three wires with unequal currents. Higher order
phase systems require more than three wires, but deliver little or no benefit.
A key limitation of electric power is that, with minor exceptions, electrical energy cannot be stored, and
therefore must be generated as needed. A sophisticated control system is required to ensure electric
generation very closely matches the demand. If the demand for power exceeds the supply, generation
plant and transmission equipment can shut down, which in the worst case may lead to a major regional
blackout, It is to reduce the risk of such a failure that electric transmission networks are interconnected
into regional, national or continent wide networks thereby providing multiple redundant alternative
routes for power to flow should such equipment failures occur.
The Power Grid Company of Bangladesh, an enterprise of Bangladesh Power Development Board. (BPDB)
designs, install, maintain and Administrators the transmission networks to transport the energy as
efficiently as feasible, while at the same time taking into account economic factors, network safety and
redundancy in Bangladesh. These networks use components such as power lines, cables, circuit breakers,
switches and transformers.
Electricity in Bangladesh
Electricity is the major source of power for most of the country's economic activities. Bangladesh's
installed electric generation capacity was 10289 MW in January, 2014; only three-fourth of which is
considered to be available.
Public Sector
Installed Generation Capacity (MW)
BPDB
4126
APSCL
687
EGCB
622
NWPGCL
368
RPCL
77
Subtotal
5,880(54%)
Private Sector
1|Page
IPPs
1966
SIPPs (BPDB)
99
SIPPs (REB)
251
15 YR. Rental
167
3/5 YR. Rental
1954
Power Import
500
Subtotal
4937(46%)
TOTAL
10,817
Table-1: Present Installed Generation Capacity (MW) as on January, 2015.

Only 62% of the population has access to electricity with a per capita availability of 321 kWh per annum.
Problems in the Bangladesh's electric power sector include corruption in administration, high system
losses, and delays in completion of new plants, low plant efficiencies, erratic power supply, electricity
theft, blackouts, and shortages of funds for power plant maintenance. Overall, the country's generation
plants have been unable to meet system demand over the past decade.
Grid System Architecture:

Among presently used transmission line, most of the transmission lines are high-voltage three-phase
alternating current (AC), although single phase AC is sometimes used in railway electrification systems.
High-voltage direct-current (HVDC) technology is used for greater efficiency at very long distances
(typically hundreds of miles (kilometers)), or in submarine power cables (typically longer than 30 miles
(50 km)). HVDC links are also used to stabilize and control problems in large power distribution networks
where sudden new loads or blackouts in one part of a network can otherwise result in synchronization
problems and cascading failures.
Figure:-1 Diagram of an electric power system; transmission system is in blue.
Electric-power transmission is the bulk transfer of electrical energy, from generating power plants to
electrical substations located near demand centers. This is distinct from the local wiring between highvoltage substations and customers, which is typically referred to as electric power distribution.
Transmission lines, when interconnected with each other, become transmission networks. The combined
transmission and distribution network is known as the "power grid" or just "the grid" or the "National Grid".
2|Page
Transmission lines
The Padma-Jamuna-Meghna river system divides Bangladesh into two zones, East and West. The East
contains nearly all of the country's electric generating capacity, while the West, with almost no natural
resources, must import power from the East. Electricity interconnection from the East to the West was
accomplished in 1982 by a new, 230-kilovolt (kV) power transmission line. The vast majority of
Bangladesh's electricity consumption takes place in the East, with the entire region west of the Jamuna
River accounting for only 22% of the total. Greater Dhaka alone consumes around half of Bangladeshi
electricity.
Transmission line in Bangladesh consist of both Overhead Transmission Line and Underground
Transmission line.
High-voltage overhead conductors are not covered by insulation. The conductor material is nearly always
an aluminum alloy, made into several strands and possibly reinforced with steel strands. Copper was
sometimes used for overhead transmission, but aluminum is lighter, yields only marginally reduced
performance and costs much less. Overhead conductors are a commodity supplied by several companies
worldwide. Improved conductor material and shapes are regularly used to allow increased capacity and
modernize transmission circuits. Conductor sizes range from 12 mm2 (#6 American wire gauge) to
750 mm2 (1,590,000 circular mils area), with varying resistance and current-carrying capacity. Thicker
wires would lead to a relatively small increase in capacity due to the skin effect, which causes most of
the current to flow close to the surface of the wire. Because of this current limitation, multiple parallel
cables (called bundle conductors) are used when higher capacity is needed. Bundle conductors are also
used at high voltages to reduce energy loss caused by corona discharge.
Electric power can also be transmitted by underground power cables instead of overhead power lines.
Underground cables take up less right-of-way than overhead lines, have lower visibility, and are less
affected by bad weather. However, costs of insulated cable and excavation are much higher than
overhead construction. Faults in buried transmission lines take longer to locate and repair. Underground
lines are strictly limited by their thermal capacity, which permits less overload or re-rating than overhead
lines. Long underground AC cables have significant capacitance, which may reduce their ability to provide
useful power to loads beyond 50 miles. Long underground DC cables have no such issue and can run for
thousands of miles.
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Figure-2: Existing and Proposed Transmission Line in Bangladesh by BPDB.
4|Page
As per transmission voltages, Transmission Line in Bangladesh are classified as

1. 400 KV Transmission Line
2. 230 KV Transmission Line
3. 132 KV transmission Line
A.) 400KV Transmission Lines

Sl.
No.
Name of Lines
BheramaraBaharampur
Total
Length in Route
kilometers
Length in Ckt.
kilometers
27.35
54.70
27.35
54.70
No. of
Ckt.
Conductor
Name
Size
Current carrying
capacity (Amps)
Double Twin Finch 1113 MCM
B.) 230 KV Transmission Lines

Sl.
No.
Conductor
Name of Lines
Length in Route
kilometers
Length in Ckt.
kilometers
No. of
Ckt.
Name
Size
Current carrying
capacity (Amps)
Ghorasal-Ishurdi (1st
EWI)
178.00
356
Double
Mallard
795 MCM
753
Tongi - Ghorasal
27
54
Double
Mallard
795 MCM
753
Ghorasal - Ashuganj
44
88
Double
Mallard
795 MCM
753
Raojan - Hathazari
22.5
45
Double
Twin 300
sq.mm
Ashuganj - Comilla
North
79
158
Double
Finch
1113 MCM
1500
Ghorasal - Rampura
50
100
Double
Twin
Mallard
2x795 MCM
1500
Rampura - Haripur
28
56
Double
Twin
Mallard
2x795 MCM
1500
Haripur Meghnaghat
12.5
25
Double
Twin
Mallard
2x795 MCM
1500
Meghnaghat Hasnabad
26
52
Double
Twin
Mallard
2x795 MCM
1500
10
Comilla North Hathazari
150
300
Double
Finch
1113 MCM
1500
11
AES, Haripur Haripur
2.4
4.8
Double
Finch
1113 MCM
1500
5|Page
750
12
Comilla North Meghnaghat
13
Twin
Mallard
58
116
Double
Hasnabad Aminbazar - Tongi
46.5
93
Double Twin AAAC
14
Siddhirganj 210 MW
P/S - Haripur
1.5
1.5
Single
15
Ashuganj - Sirajganj
(2nd EWI)
143
286
Double Twin AAAC
ACSR
2x795 MCM
1500
37/4.176
mm.
1500
600 sq.
mm.
37/4.176
mm.
Table -2: List of Transmission Line in Bangladesh, Source: PGCB, 2014.
As per PGCB the transmission structure of Bangladesh National Power Grid up to October 2014 is as
follows:
-400 kV line 164.70 ckt km
-230 kV Line 3,044.45 ckt km
-132 kV Line 6,210 ckt km
-400 kV Substation 1 Nos. 500Mw HVDC Back to Back station
-230/132 kV Substation 18 Nos. 8775 MVA
-132/33 kV Substation 88 Nos. 11255 MVA
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1500

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What are the different types and classifications of transmission lines in Bangladesh?

What are the different types and classifications of transmission lines in Bangladesh?

What are some of the challenges facing Bangladesh's electric power sector?

What are some of the challenges facing Bangladesh's electric power sector?

ABSTRACT

A study to the Current Status of National Power grid

Mr. Alamgir Mollah Robin

Installed Generation Capacity (MW)

3/5 YR. Rental

Table-1: Present Installed Generation Capacity (MW) as on January, 2015.

Grid System Architecture:

Figure:-1 Diagram of an electric power system; transmission system is in blue.

Figure-2: Existing and Proposed Transmission Line in Bangladesh by BPDB.

As per transmission voltages, Transmission Line in Bangladesh are classified as

A.) 400KV Transmission Lines

Double Twin Finch 1113 MCM

B.) 230 KV Transmission Lines

Comilla North Hathazari

AES, Haripur Haripur

Comilla North Meghnaghat

Hasnabad Aminbazar - Tongi

Double Twin AAAC

Double Twin AAAC

Table -2: List of Transmission Line in Bangladesh, Source: PGCB, 2014.

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