CONSTRUCTION

METHODOLOGY

FOR
LA VELLA RESIDENCES
Tagaytay City

PROPOSED 10-STOREY
RESIDENTIAL CONDOMINIUM
Tagaytay City

Prepared by :

Approved By :

MC MOSI I.
TALAMAYAN
Project
Manager

Jose A. Aliling
Constn Mgt. Inc.
By:

Noted by:

Cel#0919 567636 / Tel No. 8992668 L-

116

Date: _______________
ENGR. LORENZO R. ABELEDA

Operation Manager

MS. YNA L. LAGMAN

President

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION

The main objective of the contractor is to deliver a quality structure in accordance with
the plans and specifications. This is to be done by maintaining good workmanship and
satisfactory rendering of finishes within the specified period of construction. To
accomplish this, the following construction procedures are established to be the general
guidelines in the implementation of the project. Every item of work shall be done in
accordance with the said procedures unless otherwise rejected or revised by the Owner or
Project construction Manager.
Construction Procedures

Field Survey and Geotechnical Investigations

Before construction can commence , a Site Survey will be performed to stake out the
existing structures, exact propety lot boundary and Grid lines of the project site, existing
roads, electrical cables, water lines with its service connections and access entryways
from public roads, etc.
Once the surveys are complete and if there is a descripancy result between the Original
Plan and actual site Conditions, All desputes and re-design (If reccomendable) will be
resolved by the JACMI Construction Manager simoultaneously with the massive
excavation works by other Contractor at cost by the Owner. Upon resolution of all
desputes, the Excavator will continue and follow the desired Grid excavation according
to the elevations setforth by the Owner/Architect required on proposed Foundation plan.
Upon reaching the bottom of foundation line, a geotechnical re-investigation will be
performed by Geotesting (International) Inc. to confirm thier previous geotechnical
investivation reports to identify subsurface conditions if it is same of previous data result
which will dictate much of the design work of the building foundations, underground
Cistern Tanks, STP and electrical grounding systems. Formal confirmation will be issued
prior before the Construction.

Re- Design and Construction Specifications

Using all of the data that has been gathered for the Project
including geotechnical information, environmental and climatic
conditions, site topography, etc. The Contractors engineering
group will keep the establish a set of site-specific construction
specifications for the various portions of the Project. The design
data specifications are based on well proven and established sets
of construction standards set forth by the various standard
industry practice groups such as the American Concrete Institute
(ACI), Philippine Electrical Code (PEC), Fire Code of the Philippines
, and NATIONAL Building Code of the Philippines, etc. The design
and construction specifications are custom tailored for sitespecific conditions by technical staff and engineers. The Project

engineering team will also ensure that all aspects of the

specifications as well as the actual on-site construction comply
with all of the applicable Building codes under the National and
local codes of the Philippines and good industry practice.
Equipment procurement will also be undertaken using the Project
site specifications. The primary Contractor will use the design
specifications as a guideline to complete the detailed
construction plans for the Project. The design basis approach
ensures that the Project will be designed and constructed to
meet the minimum 15 year design life.
A. SITEWORKS:
1. Clearing and Grubbing (By Others/Owner)
Clearing: This shall include to others by Owner consist of the
felling, trimming and cutting of trees into sections and the
satisfactory disposal of the trees and other vegetation
designated for removal. Trees, stumps, roots, bush and other
vegetation in areas to be cleared shall be cut off flush to or below
the original ground surface except for trees and vegetation
directed to be left standing.
Grubbing: This shall include to others by Owner consist of the
removal and disposal of roots larger than 75mm in diameter,
matted roots and stumps from the indicated grubbing areas.
Excavate these materials together with lugs, organic and metallic
debris, bush and refuse. Remove these to a depth of not less
than 450mm below the original soil surface. Fill depression made
by grubbing with suitable materials and compact to conform to
the adjacent ground surface.
Disposal: This shall include to others by Owner consist of the
removal of all trees, shrubs, stumps, bushes and roots that were
removed shall be disposed off the property to designated sites by
any suitable means.
2. Lay-out and staking
Set the boundaries of work. Lay and stake the building, driveways,
parking areas, fences and all other related structures included in
the contract. Establish lines, grades, elevations and benchmarks
required for construction.
Mark all reference points for
establishing lines, grades and elevations.

B. TEMPORARY FACILITIES:
1. Construct and maintain temporary facilities required for the project as follows:
a. Field offices and bunkhouses
b. Sanitary facilities
c. Storage facilities for materials
d. Access roads
e. Construction fence
f. Project billboard
g. Temporary utilities (water, electricity, communications)
C. PERMITS, INSURANCE AND BONDS:
1. Secure all necessary construction permits as follows:
a. Building and occupancy permits
b. Telephone, water and electrical connection permits
c. Environmental compliance certificate
d. Building height certificate

2. Post all required insurance and bonds as follows:

a. CARI
b. Downpayment Bond
c. Performance Bond
d. Guarantee Bond
e. Other related bonds necessary.
D. EARTHWORKS:
1. Structure Excavation: This shall be done to the depth indicated or as
necessary to obtain required soil bearing values. All structural
excavation shall extend a sufficient distance from the walls or
footings to allow for proper erection and dismantling of forms,
installation of utilities and inspection. In foundation beds, final
excavation to ground by hand shovels or machines equipped with
smooth edge bucket will be required to obtain undisturbed
subgrade foundation satisfactory to the project manager. This
shall be inspected and approved prior to concreting, installation of
underground utilities and backfilling. Surface drain water shall be
kept from running into the excavated pit.
Proper pumping
equipment and drainage facilities shall be maintained at all times

during the excavation period to keep such excavations dry so as to

obtain a satisfactory foundation bed.
2. Gravel Fill: Foundation beds shall be filled with considerable
amount of well graded gravel to attain the required grade
elevation. This shall not be less than 100mm thick and tampered
to compaction.
3. Soil Poisoning: This should be applied using a low pressure coarse
spray at the rate of 1 gallon per 10 sq.ft. At the time of
treatment, the soil shall be preferably in friable condition with low
moisture content to allow uniform distribution of chemicals. This
should not be applied in conditions which can cause surface run
off to avoid environmental hazard.
4. Structure Backfill: After the removal of forms, all trash and other
debris shall be removed from the excavation. Backfilling shall be
done using approved borrow materials. Backfill in contact with new
concrete shall not be placed until at least 48 hours after the
removal of forms and the concrete has been inspected and found
satisfactory. Filling materials shall be evenly spread in horizontal
layers not more than 150mm thick. Each layer shall be watered
and compacted to a density of at least 95% of maximum density
at optimum moisture.
E. CONCRETE WORKS:
1. Mixing: All structural concrete shall be mixed and delivered to site
by transit mixers. Each batch delivered at jobsite shall be
accompanied by a time slip issued at the batching plant, bearing
the time of departure. Discharge of concrete shall be completed
within an hour after the introduction of water to the mix.
2. Conveying: Concrete shall be conveyed from the mixer to the
forms as rapidly as possible by proper methods which will not
cause segregation or loss of ingredients or aggregates. It shall
be deposited as nearly as possible in its final position. At any
point in the conveying, the free vertical drop shall not exceed
1.00m. Conveying equipment shall be thoroughly cleaned before
each run. Concrete that has segregated in the conveying process
shall be disposed off.
3. Vibration: All concrete with the exemption of slabs 100mm or less
in depth, shall be compacted with high frequency internal
mechanical vibrator. Concrete slabs 100mm or less in depth

shall be consolidated by wood tampers, spading and settling with

a heavy leveling straight edge.
Vibration of forms and
reinforcement shall not be employed except when required by
the structural engineer. Vibration shall be discontinued when the
concrete ceased to decrease in volume.
4. Curing: Concrete shall be protected adequately and shall not be
allowed to dry out from the time it is placed until the expiration
of the minimum curing period. Curing shall be accomplished by
moist curing or by application of liquid curing compound.
5. Testing: Concrete samples shall be taken at random throughout
the pouring period. Tests will be made at 7, 14 and 21 days
from the time of molding. When a satisfactory relationship
between the 7 and 28 day strengths has been established the
7day test result may be used as indicator of the 28day strength.

F. REINFORCING BARS:
1. Cutting and fabrication: All reinforcing bars shall be prepared free
from rust, oil , grease and other coatings that would reduce or
destroy bonding properties. Rebars will be cut and fabricated
using the necessary cutting outfits and bar benders the engineer
permits.
2. Erection: Reinforcement shall be placed accurately and secured. It
shall be supported by suitable spacers and hangers. On the
ground or where subject to corrosion, concrete or other suitable
non-corrodible
materials
shall
be
used
for
supporting
reinforcement. Splices shall be in accordance with the detailed
drawings and construction notes. Splices shall not be made on
beams, girders and slabs at points of maximum stress.
3. Testing: Samples for different sizes of rebars shall be taken for
every delivery. This shall be submitted for testing to verify their
conformity to specifications. Subsequent random testing shall be
conducted throughout the construction period.
G. FORMWORKS:
Application: Varied types of forms will be utilized to different
structures whichever fit the requirement. These are metal panels,
phenolic panels and Metal Decking forms. For stairs and other

structures with complicated configurations wood and metal forms

will be used.
Installation:
Metal panels and phenolic panels are keyed together by panel
clips and wedge pins consecutively. At foundations these are
supported by straight props to maintain their vertical and
horizontal alignment. For suspended structures these are set on
I-beams supported in space by A-frames with headers which
match perfectly with the I-beams.
Metal forms are keyed together by machine bolts and are
supported in the same manner as the metal panels.
I-beams/GI Pipe are set on straight props with headers to provide
lateral supports for whaler pipes supporting Metal decking and
phenollic plywoods which will be used for suspended slabs.
Forms are oiled before concrete pouring to keep them from
bonding to the structure and hasten the stripping process. These
are thoroughly cleaned after stripping in preparation for the
consecutive uses.
H. MASONRY WORKS:
1. Application: 6 CHB shall be used for exterior building walls and
interior walls with embedded pipes and other utilities. 4 CHB
and Composite Wall by others shall be used for all other partition
walls.
2. Laying: Concrete masonry units shall be laid following the
progress of concrete works. A thorough surface preparation shall
be required prior to the laying of CHB walls and partitions. These
should be laid in a manner to preserve the vertical continuity of
cells filled with grout. Anchor intersection by reinforcing bars as
indicated on the structural notes. Adjust each unit to its final
position while mortar is still soft. If any unit is disturbed after
mortar has stiffened relay and replace in new mortar.
3. Testing: Samples shall be taken per delivery. These will be tested
for compression to verify their conformity to specifications. No
unit shall be allowed for installation until satisfactory test results
are presented.
I. ROOF FRAMING:

1. Fabrication: Trusses and other roof framing structures shall be

fabricated at shop in accordance with details and specifications.
Fabricated structures shall be delivered to the job site prime
painted and ready for erection.
2. Erection: Steel structures shall be fitted in place with the aid of
lifting equipment. Base plates shall be treated with grouts to
provide uniform bearing pressure on concrete. After the final
positioning of the frames purlins shall be laid manually following
the spacing shown on plans. These shall be bolted or welded in
place whichever is acceptable to the engineer. All joints and
frames shall be checked prior to installation of roofing sheets.

K. ROOFING WORKS:
1. Delivery: This item shall be delivered at site upon the completion
of roof framing works. Samples showing colors and corrugations
shall be submitted to the architect for approval before
purchasing the item.
2. Erection: Roofing sheets shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturers instructions and manuals. Panels shall be in full
and firm contact with the supports and with each other at side
and end laps. Lay all side laps away from the prevailing wind
and seal all laps with sealing material. All flashings and related
closures and accessories shall be provided as indicated or as
necessary to provide a watertight installation. Fastener spacing
shall be in accordance with the manufacturers recommendation
and as necessary to withstand design loads. Exercise extreme
care in drilling pilot holes for fasteners to keep drills
perpendicular and centered in valleys or crowns. Where paint
surfaces are scratched or damaged during the installation,
retouching with touch up paint will be required provided the
damage is minimal. Deformed or and heavily abraded sheets
shall be replaced.
3. Warranty: A performance warranty shall be submitted to the owner
upon the completion of the work.
L. WATERPROOFING WORKS:
1. Application: Membrane waterproofing shall be applied to all areas
requiring waterproofing.
2. Surface Preparation: All surfaces to be waterproofed shall be cleaned and
wash with water free of salt and other deleterious materials.

3. Installation: All waterproofing materials shall be installed by the

accredited supplier following the product manual.

a. Coat the entire surface with concrete primer and allow drying.
b. Membranes are unrolled and laid in the position where they
are to be bonded. During each stage the membrane should
overlap the next by at least 8cm at the edges and at least
15cm at the ends.
4. Guarantee: A written guarantee shall be submitted upon completion
of the work.
M. FABRICATED MATERIALS :
The following items shall be delivered to the job site pre assembled
and ready for installation during the initial stage of masonry
works:
Wood Jambs
Metal Doors
Metal Louvers
Glass windows and wood doors together with the finish hardware
shall be installed on the later part of construction. These shall be
installed in a neat professional manner following the
manufacturers recommendations. After installation, hardwares
shall be protected from paint stains and blemishes until
acceptance of work.
N. FINISHES:
1. Plain Cement Floor Finish
Mortar: Mortar for floor topping shall be proportioned one part
Portland cement to 3 parts sand.
These shall be mixed
thoroughly with the proper amount of water until uniform color
and consistency is achieved.
Application: Base coat shall be applied at a minimum thickness
of 40mm and shall be sufficiently plastic to provide good bond.
Mortar topping shall be leveled true to required slope and shall
be left until ready for floating. The surface shall then be floated
with power trowel or wood floats whichever is applicable.
Topping works shall have no visible junction marks where one
days work adjoins another. Finished work shall be covered and
protected in an approved manner to prevent damage.
2. Ceramic Tile Floor Finish
Surface preparation: Apply scratch coat and correct slopes
towards drains.

Tile setting: Moisture sub floor and sprinkle with pure cement
and lay tiles with mortar grout. Keep the joints parallel and
straight over the entire area by using straight edges. Tamp the
tile solidly onto the bed and ensure solid bedding. Lay tiles from
center of room outward and make adjustments on walls. After
the tiles have set sufficiently, force a considerable amount of
grout into joints by trowel or brush.
Cleaning: Sponge and wash tiles thoroughly after the grout has
stiffened. Buff with dry cloth to a uniform shine.
2. Granite Slab Floor Finish
Surface preparation: Concrete shall be clean. Vacuum concrete
substrate to remove dirt and other loose particles which could
impair adhesion.
Installation: Install granite slabs directly over concrete in
accordance with the following procedures:
a. Saturate concrete with clean water before placing setting
bed.
b. Apply cement paste slush coat over surface of concrete.
c. Apply mortar setting bed over cement paste slush.
d. Apply uniform slurry bond coat to back of stone and place
over setting bed.
e. Tamp and beat stone to obtain full contact with setting bed.
Polishing: Clean stone paving after setting and grouting are
complete. Use polishing procedures recommended by stone
supplier for finish coating. Buff flooring to an even luster with a
polishing machine
4. Marble Slab Floor Finish
Surface preparation : Follow surface preparation as in granite
above.
Installation
: Follow granite installation.
Polishing
: Follow polishing of granite
5. Vinyl Tile Floor Finish
Surface preparation: Concrete shall be smooth.
Grind all
imperfections. Remove any organic compound which could
impair adhesion.
Lay-out: Lay flooring material with a minimum number of seam
consistent with prudent use of the material. Avoid unnecessary
cross seams.

Installation: Apply flooring in the patterns indicated. Start in the

center of the room and work toward the edges. Keep the tile
lines and joints square, symmetrical, tight and even. Vary edge
width as necessary to maintain full size tiles.
Cleaning: Remove all excessive adhesives from the surface of the
flooring. After five days wash all flooring with a non alkaline
solution and rinse with clean water. Buff flooring to an even
luster with a polishing machine.
6. Plain Cement Plaster Finish
Mortar: Mortar for plastering shall be proportioned one part
Portland cement to 3 parts sand and 1/5 parts lime putty. These
shall be mixed thoroughly with the proper amount of water until
uniform color and consistency is achieved.
Application: Base coat shall be applied with sufficient pressure
and the plaster shall be sufficiently plastic to provide good bond.
Plaster works shall be finished level, plumb, square and true
within tolerable limits.
Plaster works shall have no visible
junction marks where one days work adjoins another. Finished
work shall be covered and protected in an approved manner to
prevent damage.
7. Ceramic Tile Wall Finish
Surface preparation: Apply rough plastering to correct wall
imperfections.
Tile setting: Moisture the surface of scratch coat, sprinkle with
pure cement and lay tiles with mortar grout. Keep the joints
parallel and straight over the entire area by using straight edges.
Tamp the tile solidly onto the bed and ensure of solid bedding.
Lay tiles from the top of the room downward and make
adjustments on the bottom. After the tiles have set sufficiently,
force a considerable amount of grout into joints by trowel or
brush.
Cleaning: Sponge and wash tiles thoroughly after the grout has
stiffened. Buff with dry cloth to a uniform shine.
8. Granite Wall Finish
Surface Preparation: Clean surfaces to which stone wall shall be
applied.

Stone setting: Dry anchoring of stones shall be in accordance

with the following procedures:
a. Erect interior stone facing and align joint width.
Use
temporary shims to maintain joint width.
b. Set interior stones to anchors spaced at a maximum of
450mm apart.
c. Adjust anchors, supports and accessories to set stone
accurately in locations indicated with edges and faces aligned
according to established relationship and indicated tolerance.
9. Gypsum Board Ceiling: Gypsum board ceiling shall be installed in the following
manner:
a. Install hanger rods spaced @ 1.20m OC along carrying
channels and within 150mm from the edge.
b. Install carrying channels 1.20m OC and within 150mm of
walls. Position them for proper ceiling height, level and
secure with wire hanger.
c. Install furring channels at right angle to carrying channel.
Space furrings 400mm OC and within 150mm from walls.
Secure furring to Carrying channel with clops or saddle tie.
d. At openings that interrupt channels, provide additional cross
reinforcement or hangers.
e. Install gypsum panels with long dimension perpendicular to
furring channels. Position end joints over channel and stagger
in adjacent rows.
f. Fit ends and edges. Fasten panels to channels with type S
screws spaced @ 0.30m OC staggered along abutting edges.
g. All joints and screw
and embedding joint
type joint compound.
shall be left uniformly

marks shall be reinforced with joint tape

compound and concealed with finishing
All coats shall be sanded when dried and
smooth.

10. Acoustic Board on Metal T-Runners:

Acoustic Ceiling boards shall be installed in the following
manner:
a. Install hanger rods spaced @ 1.20m OC along main T-Runners.
b. Install T-Runners 0.60m OC and within 150mm of walls.
Position them for proper ceiling height, level and secure with

wire hanger. Use proper leveling tools to ensure right elevation

throughout.
c. Fit ends and edges. Fasten panels to metal T-Runners and adjust
spacing where required.
d. Clean exposed surfaces of acoustic tiles and suspension
members.

11. Painting: Painting works shall be done in the following procedures:

Wood Surfaces
Sand surface until wood is smooth. Dust off completely
then wipe with a clean rug.
Apply one coat of interior primer and sealer.
Patch imperfections with glazing putty or plastic wood filler.
Allow to dry and sand smooth before applying paint.
Masonry Surfaces

Treat surfaces with concrete neutralizer.

Apply concrete primer.
Patch all imperfection with patching compound.
Apply finish coats.

Metal Surfaces

Sand, wire brush or scrape all rusty metals.

Treat surface with rust converter.
Apply one coat of red lead primer.
Apply finish coats.

O. SPECIALTY ITEM:
The following items shall be directly subcontracted to prequalified
contractors:
Toilet Partitions
Stair Railings
Miscellaneous Metal Works

Material samples, fabrication manual and installation details shall

be submitted for approval before actual awarding. Upon approval
of details and samples award shall be given the successful
contractor.
Work shall commence simultaneous with the
approved and agreed schedule.
P. ELECTRO-MECHANICAL WORKS:
The following items of work shall be directly sub contracted to
accredited trade contractors :
Electrical Works
Mechanical Works
Sanitary Works
Fire Protection System
The schedule of the different stages of the above items shall be
well coordinated to keep pace with the smooth flow of operations.
Daily site coordination meeting will be conducted to monitor the
phase of construction and to keep this trade informed of the job
requirements.
Q. SITE DEVELOPMENT
1. Clearing and Grubbing: After the limits of work have been established,
surface objects, trees and other protruding obstructions not
designated to remain will be cleared by bulldozers and disposed of
at designated disposal site using pay loader and dump trucks.
2. Earthworks: Excavation works using bulldozing equipment will then
commence after the lines and grades have been established.
When there is a discrepancy on the actual elevations and that
shown on plans, a pre construction survey will be undertaken to
serve as basis for the computation of the actual volume of
excavated materials. Roadway excavation will be finished to
reasonably smooth and uniform surface. Suitable materials will be
used as embankment and subgrade fill. Thereafter, all unsuitable
materials will be disposed of properly. Leveling of blocks using
bulldozers and road graders will be in accordance with the
elevations shown on plans.
3. Sub grade Preparation: After the necessary earthworks have been
completed and all culverts cross drains and waterline crossings
have been installed, preparation of subgrade for support of
overlying structural layers will immediately commence.
This
preparation will extend to the full width of the roadway which will
include sidewalk, curb and gutter.
All soft and unsuitable
materials that will not compact properly will be immediately
removed and replace with suitable fill. Scarifying and blading

using road graders and rolling with vibratory rollers will then be
conducted
to thoroughly compact and shape the cross section of the roadbed.
To check the accuracy of the work, templates and straight edges
will be provide. Field density tests will be conducted during this
stage to determine the stability of the bed.
4. Aggregate Basecoarse: The aggregate base course will be uniformly
mixed and spread on the prepared subgrade in accordance with
the plan thickness. The moisture content of base material will be
adjusted prior to compaction by watering, in order to obtain the
required degree of compaction. Vibratory and static rollers will be
used. Along curbs, headers and walls which will not be accessible
to steel rollers, base material will be compacted with tampers and
portable compactors. Compaction of each layer will continue until
a field density of at least 98 percent of the maximum dry density
is achieved.
5. Pipe Culverts and Storm Drains: Where feasible, excavation of trenches
for drainage line and manholes will commence simultaneously
with earthwork activities. Trenches will be excavated to a width
that will allow proper jointing of the conduit and compaction of
bedding and backfill material. Mortar joints will be made with an
excess of mortar to form a continuous bead around the outside of
pipe conduit. Thereafter, backfill material for trenches will be
compacted in accordance with the required density.
6. Sidewalk, Curbs and Gutters: Concrete will not be placed until forms
and rebar have been checked. Forms for at least 50m will be
checked for alignment and grade. Curbs and gutters constructed
on curves will have wood forms and will be finished to a smooth
and even surface and the edges rounded. Forms will be removed
within 24 hours after concreting. Minor defects will be retouched
with mortar. The back of the curb shall be filled with suitable
materials when the concrete has set.
7. Concrete Pavement: Concrete pavement shall be laid directly over
compacted gravel base after pouring of curbs and gutters. Where
distance between curbs exceeds 4.00m, another set of forms
between curbs shall be required. Transit mixers shall be allowed
to directly pour concrete into the area.
********** END OF CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY *********

Prepared by:

Checked by:

Noted by :