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    Methodology For Ammonia

    Uploaded by

    Gopal Mallick
    This document provides guidelines for monitoring ambient ammonia levels using the indophenol method. Ammonia in air is collected by bubbling a measured air volume through an acid solution, forming ammonium sulfate. The sulfate is then analyzed colorimetrically using phenol and sodium hypochlorite to produce an indophenol reaction. Various equipment, reagents, and sampling/analysis procedures are outlined to prepare and measure standards and samples for quantifying ammonia concentration.

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    Methodology For Ammonia

    Uploaded by

    Gopal Mallick
    162 views4 pages
    This document provides guidelines for monitoring ambient ammonia levels using the indophenol method. Ammonia in air is collected by bubbling a measured air volume through an acid solution, forming ammonium sulfate. The sulfate is then analyzed colorimetrically using phenol and sodium hypochlorite to produce an indophenol reaction. Various equipment, reagents, and sampling/analysis procedures are outlined to prepare and measure standards and samples for quantifying ammonia concentration.

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    METHODOLOGY FOR AMMONIA

    Original Title

    Methodology for Ammonia

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    This document provides guidelines for monitoring ambient ammonia levels using the indophenol method. Ammonia in air is collected by bubbling a measured air volume through an acid solution, forming ammonium sulfate. The sulfate is then analyzed colorimetrically using phenol and sodium hypochlorite to produce an indophenol reaction. Various equipment, reagents, and sampling/analysis procedures are outlined to prepare and measure standards and samples for quantifying ammonia concentration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    162 views4 pages

    Methodology For Ammonia

    Uploaded by

    Gopal Mallick
    This document provides guidelines for monitoring ambient ammonia levels using the indophenol method. Ammonia in air is collected by bubbling a measured air volume through an acid solution, forming ammonium sulfate. The sulfate is then analyzed colorimetrically using phenol and sodium hypochlorite to produce an indophenol reaction. Various equipment, reagents, and sampling/analysis procedures are outlined to prepare and measure standards and samples for quantifying ammonia concentration.

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    PURPOSE

    The purpose of this protocol is to provide guidelines for monitoring of ammonia in


    ambient air.
    PRINCIPLE OF THE METHOD
    Indophenol method (Methid 401, Air Sampling and Analysis, 3rd Edition) Ammonia in
    the atmosphere is collected by bubbling a measured volume of air through a dilute
    solution fo sulphuric acid to from ammonium sulphate. The ammonium sulphate
    formed in the sample is analyzed colorimetrically by reaction with phenol and alkaline
    sodium hypochlorite to produce indophenol. The reation is acceleration by the addition
    of Sodium Nitroprusside as catalyst.
    INSTRUMENT/EQUIPMENT
    The following etems are necessary to perform the monitoring and analysis fi ammonia
    in ambient air:
    Analytical balance
    Vacume pump to maintain a flow rate up to 5 liter per minute
    Calibrated flow measuring device to control the air flow from 1 to 2 l/min.
    Absorber: a midget impinger or a fritted bubbler
    Spectrophotometer capable of measuring absorbance at 630nm
    Glass ware: low actinic glass wares must be used for analysis
    REAGENTS/ CHEMICALS
    All the chemicals should meet specification of ACS Analytical Reagent grade
    Distilled water
    N Sulphuric Acid (Absorbing solutiom)
    Sodium Nitroprusside: Dissolve 2g sodium nitroprusside in 100ml distilled
    water,
    6.75M sodium hypochlorite solution: dilute 5 to 6% AR grade sodium
    hypochlorite with distilled water to give a 0.1N solution (3.7%). Strength
    determined before dilution by iodimetric titration

    Sodium hypochlorite solution: Dilute 5 to 6% AR grade sodium hypochlorite


    with distilled water to give a 0.1N solution (3.7%). Strengh determined before
    dilution by iodimetric titration
    Phenol solution 45% v/v: Dilute 45ml phenol to 100ml with methanol
    Sodium phosphate
    Ammonium chloride or Ammonium sulfate
    Hydrochloric acid
    Buffer solution: Dissolve 50g of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4.2H2O) and 74ml of
    6.75M NaOH in 1L of distilled water.
    Working hypochlorite solution: Mix 30ml of 0.1 N sodium hypochlorite and 30ml
    of 6.75M Sodium hydroxide and dilute to 100ml with distilled water.
    Working phenol solution: Mix 20ml of 45% phwnol solution with 1ml of 2%
    sodium nitroprusside and dilute to 100ml with distilled water.
    Ammonia stock solution:(1mg NH3/ml)
    Ammonia stock solution (10g NH3/ml) (prepare fresh daily)

    SAMPLING
    Place 10ml of absorbing solution in an impinger and somple for one hour at the flow
    rate of 1 to 2L/min. After sampling measure the volume of sample and transfer to a
    sample stroge bottle.
    ANALYSIS
    Transfer content of the sample bottle to a 25ml glass stopper graduated cylinder.
    Maintain all the solutions and sample at 25C. Add 2ml buffer. Add 5ml of working
    phenol solution, mix and fill to about 22ml. Add 2.5ml of working hypochorite soltion
    and rapidly mix. Dilute to 25ml, mix and store in the dark for 30 minutes to develop
    colour. Measure the absorbance of the solution at 630nm on a spectrophotometer using
    1cm eclls. Prepare a reagent blank and field blank and measure the absorbance as done
    in the analysis of samples.

    PREPARATION OF STANDARDS
    Pipet 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 ml of working standard solution in to 25ml glass stoppered
    graduated cylinders. Fill to 10ml mark with absorbing solution. A reagent bland with
    10ml absorbing solution is also prepared. Add reagents to standard against reagent
    blank.
    STANDARD CURVE
    Plot a curve absorbance (Y axis) versus concentration (X axis). Draw a line of best fit and
    determine the slope. The reciprocal of slope gives the calibration factor (CF).
    CALCULATION
    C(NH3 g/m3) = (As Ab)X CF/Va.
    Where,
    C HN3 = Concentration of Ammonia in g/m3
    As = Absorbance of sample
    Ab = Absorbance of reagent blank
    CF = Calibration factor
    Va = Volume of air sampled in m3
    REFERENCE
    Indophenol method (method 401, Air Sampling and Analusis, 3rd Edition),
    Lewis publishers Inc.

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