NCLEX Sample Questions for LEADERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, BIOETHICS AND

RESEARCH

1. Ms. Castro is newly-promoted to a patient care manager position. She updates

her knowledge on the theories in management and leadership in order to become
effective in her new role. She learns that some managers have low concern for
services and high concern for staff. Which style of management refers to this?

a. Organization Man
b. Impoverished Management
c. Country Club Management
d. Team Management

2. Her former manager demonstrated passion for serving her staff rather than being
served. She takes time to listen, prefers to be a teacher first before being a leader,
which is characteristic of

a. Transformational leader
b. Transactional leader
c. Servant leader
d. Charismatic leader

3. On the other hand, Ms. Castro notices that the Chief Nurse Executive has
charismatic leadership style. Which of the following behaviors best describes this
style?

a. Possesses inspirational quality that makes followers gets attracted of

him and regards him with reverence
b. Acts as he does because he expects that his behavior will yield positive results
c. Uses visioning as the core of his leadership

d. Matches his leadership style to the situation at hand.

4. Which of the following conclusions of Ms. Castro about leadership characteristics

is TRUE?

a. There is a high correlation between the communication skills of a leader and the
ability to get the job done.
b. A manager is effective when he has the ability to plan well.
c. Assessment of personal traits is a reliable tool for predicting a
managers potential.
d. There is good evidence that certain personal qualities favor success in
managerial role.

5. She reads about Path Goal theory. Which of the following behaviors is manifested
by the leader who uses this theory?

a. Recognizes staff for going beyond expectations by giving them citations

b. Challenges the staff to take individual accountability for their own practice
c. Admonishes staff for being laggards.
d. Reminds staff about the sanctions for non performance.

6. One leadership theory states that leaders are born and not made, which refers
to which of the following theories?

a. Trait
b. Charismatic
c. Great Man
d. Situational

7. She came across a theory which states that the leadership style is effective
dependent on the situation. Which of the following styles best fits a situation when
the followers are self-directed, experts and are matured individuals?

a. Democratic
b. Authoritarian
c. Laissez faire
d. Bureaucratic

8. She surfs the internet for more information about leadership styles. She reads
about shared leadership as a practice in some magnet hospitals. Which of the
following describes this style of leadership?

a. Leadership behavior is generally determined by the relationship between the

leaders personality and the specific situation
b. Leaders believe that people are basically good and need not be closely controlled
c. Leaders rely heavily on visioning and inspire members to achieve results
d. Leadership is shared at the point of care.

9. Ms. Castro learns that some leaders are transactional leaders. Which of the
following does NOT characterize a transactional leader?

a. Focuses on management tasks

b. Is a caretaker
c. Uses trade-offs to meet goals
d. Inspires others with vision

10. She finds out that some managers have benevolent-authoritative style of
management. Which of the following behaviors will she exhibit most likely?

a. Have condescending trust and confidence in their subordinates

b. Gives economic or ego awards
c. Communicates downward to the staff
d. Allows decision making among subordinates

11. Harry is a Unit Manager I the Medical Unit. He is not satisfied with the way
things are going in his unit. Patient satisfaction rate is 60% for two consecutive
months and staff morale is at its lowest. He decides to plan and initiate changes
that will push for a turnaround in the condition of the unit. Which of the following
actions is a priority for Harry?

a. Call for a staff meeting and take this up in the agenda.

b. Seek help from her manager.
c. Develop a strategic action on how to deal with these concerns.
d. Ignore the issues since these will be resolved naturally.

12. She knows that there are external forces that influence changes in his unit.
Which of the following is NOT an external force?

a. Memo from the CEO to cut down on electrical consumption

b. Demands of the labor sector to increase wages
c. Low morale of staff in her unit
d. Exacting regulatory and accreditation standards

13. After discussing the possible effects of the low patient satisfaction rate, the staff
started to list down possible strategies to solve the problems head-on. Should they

decide to vote on the best change strategy, which of the following strategies is
referred to this?

a. Collaboration
b. Majority rule
c. Dominance
d. Compromise

14. One staff suggests that they review the pattern of nursing care that they are
using, which is described as a:

a. job description
b. system used to deliver care
c. manual of procedure
d. rules to be followed

15. Which of the following is TRUE about functional nursing?

a. Concentrates on tasks and activities

b. Emphasizes use of group collaboration
c. One-to-one nurse-patient ratio
d. Provides continuous, coordinated and comprehensive nursing services

16. Functional nursing has some advantages, which one is an EXCEPTION?

a. Psychological and sociological needs are emphasized.

b. Great control of work activities.

c. Most economical way of delivering nursing services.

d. Workers feel secure in dependent role

17. He raised the issue on giving priority to patient needs. Which of the following
offers the best way for setting priority?

a. Assessing nursing needs and problems

b. Giving instructions on how nursing care needs are to be met
c. Controlling and evaluating the delivery of nursing care
d. Assigning safe nurse: patient ratio

18. Which of the following is the best guarantee that the patients priority needs are
met?

a. Checking with the relative of the patient

b. Preparing a nursing care plan in collaboration with the patient
c. Consulting with the physician
d. Coordinating with other members of the team

19. When Harry uses team nursing as a care delivery system, he and his team need
to assess the priority of care for a group of patients, which of the following should
be a priority?

a. Each patient as listed on the worksheet

b. Patients who needs least care
c. Medications and treatments required for all patients
d. Patients who need the most care

20. She is hopeful that her unit will make a big turnaround in the succeeding
months. Which of the following actions of Harry demonstrates that he has reached
the third stage of change?

a. Wonders why things are not what it used to be

b. Finds solutions to the problems
c. Integrate the solutions to his day-to-day activities
d. Selects the best change strategy

21. Julius is a newly-appointed nurse manager of The Good Shepherd Medical

Center, a tertiary hospital located within the heart of the metropolis. He thinks of
scheduling planning workshop with his staff in order to ensure an effective and
efficient management of the department. Should he decide to conduct a strategic
planningworkshop, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of this activity?

a. Long-term goal-setting
b. Extends to 3-5 years in the future
c. Focuses on routine tasks
d. Determines directions of the organization

22. Which of the following statements refer to the vision of the hospital?

a. The Good Shepherd Medical Center is a trendsetter in tertiary health

care in the Philippines in the next five years Goal
b. The officers and staff of The Good Shepherd Medical Center believe in the unique
nature of the human person
c. All the nurses shall undergo continuing competency training program.
d. The Good Shepherd Medical Center aims to provide a patient-centered care in a
total healing environment.

23. The statement, The Good Shepherd Medical Center aims to provide patientcentered care in a total healing environment refers to which of the following?

a. Vision
b. Goal
c. Philosophy
d. Mission

24. Julius plans to revisit the organizational chart of the department. He plans to
create a new position of a Patient Educator who has a coordinating relationship with
the head nurse in the unit. Which of the following will likely depict this
organizational relationship?

a. Box
b. Solid line
c. Broken line
d. Dotted line

25. He likewise stresses the need for all the employees to follow orders and
instructions from him and not from anyone else. Which of the following principles
does he refer to?

a. Scalar chain
b. Discipline
c. Unity of command
d. Order

26. Julius orients his staff on the patterns of reporting relationship throughout the
organization. Which of the following principles refer to this?

a. Span of control
b. Hierarchy
c. Esprit d corps
d. Unity of direction

27. He emphasizes to the team that they need to put their efforts together towards
the attainment of the goals of the program. Which of the following principles refers
to this?

a. Span of control
b. Unity of direction
c. Unity of command
d. Command responsibility

28. Julius stresses the importance of promoting esprit d corps among the members
of the unit. Which of the following remarks of the staff indicates that they
understand what he pointed out?

a. Lets work together in harmony; we need to be supportive of one

another
b. In order that we achieve the same results; we must all follow the directives of
Julius and not from other managers.
c. We will ensure that all the resources we need are available when needed.
d. We need to put our efforts together in order to raise the bar of excellence in the
care we provide to all our patients.

29. He discusses the goal of the department. Which of the following statements is a
goal?

a. Increase the patient satisfaction rate

b. Eliminate the incidence of delayed administration of medications
c. Establish rapport with patients.
d. Reduce response time to two minutes.

30. He wants to influence the customary way of thinking and behaving that is
shared by the members of the department. Which of the following terms refer to
this?

a. Organizational chart
b. Cultural network
c. Organizational structure
d. Organizational culture

31. He asserts the importance of promoting a positive organizational culture in their

unit. Which of the following behaviors indicate that this is attained by the group?

a. Proactive and caring with one another

b. Competitive and perfectionist
c. Powerful and oppositional
d. Obedient and uncomplaining

32. Stephanie is a new Staff Educator of a private tertiary hospital. She conducts
orientation among new staff nurses in her department. Joseph, one of the new staff
nurses, wants to understand the channel of communication, span of control and
lines of communication. Which of the following will provide this information?

a. Organizational structure
b. Policy
c. Job description
d. Manual of procedures

33. Stephanie is often seen interacting with the medical intern during coffee breaks
and after duty hours. What type of organizational structure is this?

a. Formal
b. Informal
c. Staff
d. Line

34. She takes pride in saying that the hospital has a decentralized structure. Which
of the following is NOT compatible with this type of model?

a. Flat organization
b. Participatory approach
c. Shared governance
d. Tall organization

35. Centralized organizations have some advantages. Which of the following

statements are TRUE?

1. Highly cost-effective
2. Makes management easier
3. Reflects the interest of the worker

4. Allows quick decisions or actions.

a. 1 & 2
b. 2 & 4
c. 2, 3& 4
d. 1, 2, & 4

36. Stephanie delegates effectively if she has authority to act, which is BEST
defined as:

a. having responsibility to direct others

b. being accountable to the organization
c. having legitimate right to act
d. telling others what to do

37. Regardless of the size of a work group, enough staff must be available at all
times to accomplish certain purposes. Which of these purposes is NOT included?

a. Meet the needs of patients

b. Provide a pair of hands to other units as needed
c. Cover all time periods adequately.
d. Allow for growth and development of nursing staff.

38. Which of the following guidelines should be least considered in formulating

objectives for nursing care?

a. Written nursing care plan

b. Holistic approach

c. Prescribed standards
d. Staff preferences

39. Stephanie considers shifting to transformational leadership. Which of the

following statements best describes this type of leadership?

a. Uses visioning as the essence of leadership.

b. Serves the followers rather than being served.
c. Maintains full trust and confidence in the subordinates
d. Possesses innate charisma that makes others feel good in his presence.

40. As a manager, she focuses her energy on both the quality of services rendered
to the patients as well as the welfare of the staff of her unit. Which of the following
management styles does she adopt?

a. Country club management

b. Organization man management
c. Team management
d. Authority-obedience management

NCLEX Sample Questions for LEADERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, BIOETHICS AND

RESEARCH 2

1. Katherine is a young Unit Manager of the Pediatric Ward. Most of her staff nurses
are senior to her, very articulate, confident and sometimes aggressive. Katherine
feels uncomfortable believing that she is the scapegoat of everything that goes
wrong in her department. Which of the following is the best action that she must
take?

A. Identify the source of the conflict and understand the points of friction

B. Disregard what she feels and continue to work independently

C. Seek help from the Director of Nursing
D. Quit her job and look for another employment.

2. As a young manager, she knows that conflict occurs in any organization. Which of
the following statements regarding conflict is NOT true?

A. Can be destructive if the level is too high

B. Is not beneficial; hence it should be prevented at all times
C. May result in poor performance
D. May create leaders

3. Katherine tells one of the staff, I dont have time to discuss the matter with you
now. See me in my office later when the latter asks if they can talk about an issue.
Which of the following conflict resolution strategies did she use?

A. Smoothing
B. Compromise
C. Avoidance
D. Restriction

4. Kathleen knows that one of her staff is experiencing burnout. Which of the
following is the best thing for her to do?

A. Advise her staff to go on vacation.

B. Ignore her observations; it will be resolved even without intervention
C. Remind her to show loyalty to the institution.

D. Let the staff ventilate her feelings and ask how she can be of help.

5. She knows that performance appraisal consists of all the following activities
EXCEPT:

A. Setting specific standards and activities for individual performance.

B. Using agency standards as a guide.
C. Determine areas of strength and weaknesses
D. Focusing activity on the correction of identified behavior.

6. Which of the following statements is NOT true about performance appraisal?

A. Informing the staff about the specific impressions of their work help improve their
performance.
B. A verbal appraisal is an acceptable substitute for a written report
C. Patients are the best source of information regarding personnel
appraisal.
D. The outcome of performance appraisal rests primarily with the staff.

7. There are times when Katherine evaluates her staff as she makes her daily
rounds. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of conducting an informal appraisal?

A. The staff member is observed in natural setting.

B. Incidental confrontation and collaboration is allowed.
C. The evaluation is focused on objective data systematically.
D. The evaluation may provide valid information for compilation of a formal report.

8. She conducts a 6-month performance review session with a staff member. Which
of the following actions is appropriate?

A. She asks another nurse to attest the session as a witness.

B. She informs the staff that she may ask another nurse to read the appraisal before
the session is over.
C. She tells the staff that the session is manager-centered.
D. The session is private between the two members.

9. Alexandra is tasked to organize the new wing of the hospital. She was given the
authority to do as she deems fit. She is aware that the director of nursing has
substantial trust and confidence in her capabilities, communicates through
downward and upward channels and usually uses the ideas and opinions of her
staff. Which of the following is her style of management?

A. Benevolent authoritative
B. Consultative
C. Exploitive-authoritative
D. Participative

10. She decides to illustrate the organizational structure. Which of the following
elements is NOT included?

A. Level of authority
B. Lines of communication
C. Span of control
D. Unity of direction

11. She plans of assigning competent people to fill the roles designed in the
hierarchy. Which process refers to this?

A. Staffing
B. Scheduling
C. Recruitment
D. Induction

12. She checks the documentary requirements for the applicants for staff nurse
position. Which one is NOT necessary?

A. Certificate of previous employment

B. Record of related learning experience (RLE)
C. Membership to accredited professional organization
D. Professional identification card

13. Which phase of the employment process includes getting on the payroll and
completing documentary requirements?

A. Orientation
B. Induction
C. Selection
D. Recruitment

14. She tries to design an organizational structure that allows communication to

flow in all directions and involve workers in decision making. Which form of
organizational structure is this?

A. Centralized
B. Decentralized
C. Matrix
D. Informal

15. In a horizontal chart, the lowest level worker is located at the

A. Left most box

B. Middle
C. Right most box
D. Bottom

16. She decides to have a decentralized staffing system. Which of the following is
an advantage of this system of staffing?

A. greater control of activities

B. Conserves time
C. Compatible with computerization
D. Promotes better interpersonal relationship

17. Aubrey thinks about primary nursing as a system to deliver care. Which of the
following activities is NOT done by a primary nurse?

A. Collaborates with the physician

B. Provides care to a group of patients together with a group of nurses
C. Provides care for 5-6 patients during their hospital stay.
D. Performs comprehensive initial assessment

18. Which pattern of nursing care involves the care given by a group of
paraprofessional workers led by a professional nurse who take care of patients with
the same disease conditions and are located geographically near each other?

A. Case method
B. Modular nursing
C. Nursing case management
D. Team nursing

19. St. Raphael Medical Center just opened its new Performance Improvement
Department. Ms. Valencia is appointed as the Quality Control Officer. She commits
herself to her new role and plans her strategies to realize the goals and objectives
of the department. Which of the following is a primary task that they should perform
to have an effective control system?

A. Make an interpretation about strengths and weaknesses

B. Identify the values of the department
C. Identify structure, process, outcome standards & criteria
D. Measure actual performances

20. Ms. Valencia develops the standards to be followed. Among the following
standards, which is considered as a structure standard?

A. The patients verbalized satisfaction of the nursing care received

B. Rotation of duty will be done every four weeks for all patient care
personnel.
C. All patients shall have their weights taken recorded
D. Patients shall answer the evaluation form before discharge

21. When she presents the nursing procedures to be followed, she refers to what
type of standards?

A. Process
B. Outcome
C. Structure
D. Criteria

22. The following are basic steps in the controlling process of the department.
Which of the following is NOT included?

A. Measure actual performance

B. Set nursing standards and criteria
C. Compare results of performance to standards and objectives
D. Identify possible courses of action

23. Which of the following statements refers to criteria?

A. Agreed on level of nursing care

B. Characteristics used to measure the level of nursing care
C. Step-by-step guidelines
D. Statement which guide the group in decision making and problem solving

24. She wants to ensure that every task is carried out as planned. Which of the
following tasks is NOT included in the controlling process?

A. Instructing the members of the standards committee to prepare policies

B. Reviewing the existing policies of the hospital
C. Evaluating the credentials of all nursing staff
D. Checking if activities conform to schedule

25. Ms. Valencia prepares the process standards. Which of the following is NOT a
process standard?

A. Initial assessment shall be done to all patients within twenty four hours upon
admission.
B. Informed consent shall be secured prior to any invasive procedure
C. Patients reports 95% satisfaction rate prior to discharge from the
hospital.
D. Patient education about their illness and treatment shall be provided for all
patients and their families.

26. Which of the following is evidence that the controlling process is effective?

A. The things that were planned are done

B. Physicians do not complain.
C. Employees are contended
D. There is an increase in customer satisfaction rate.

27. Ms. Valencia is responsible to the number of personnel reporting to her. This
principle refers to:

A. Span of control
B. Unity of command

C. Carrot and stick principle

D. Esprit d corps

28. She notes that there is an increasing unrest of the staff due to fatigue brought
about by shortage of staff. Which action is a priority?

A. Evaluate the overall result of the unrest

B. Initiate a group interaction
C. Develop a plan and implement it
D. Identify external and internal forces.

29. Kevin is a member of the Nursing Research Council of the hospital. His first
assignment is to determine the level of patient satisfaction on the care they
received from the hospital. He plans to include all adult patients admitted from April
to May, with average length of stay of 3-4 days, first admission, and with no
complications. Which of the following is an extraneous variable of the study?

A. Date of admission
B. Length of stay
C. Age of patients
D. Absence of complications

30. He thinks of an appropriate theoretical framework. Whose theory addresses the

four modes of adaptation?

A. Martha Rogers
B. Sr. Callista Roy
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Jean Watson

31. He opts to use a self-report method. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about
this method?

A. Most direct means of gathering information

B. Versatile in terms of content coverage
C. Most accurate and valid method of data gathering
D. Yields information that would be difficult to gather by another method

32. Which of the following articles would Kevin least consider for his review of
literature?

A. Story-Telling and Anxiety Reduction Among Pediatric Patients

B. Turnaround Time in Emergency Rooms
C. Outcome Standards in Tertiary Health Care Institutions
D. Environmental Manipulation and Client Outcomes

33. Which of the following variables will he likely EXCLUDE in his study?

A. Competence of nurses
B. Caring attitude of nurses
C. Salary of nurses
D. Responsiveness of staff

34. He plans to use a Likert Scale to determine

A. degree of agreement and disagreement

B. compliance to expected standards
C. level of satisfaction
D. degree of acceptance

35. He checks if his instruments meet the criteria for evaluation. Which of the
following criteria refers to the consistency or the ability to yield the same response
upon its repeated administration?

A. Validity
B. Reliability
C. Sensitivity
D. Objectivity

36. Which criteria refer to the ability of the instrument to detect fine differences
among the subjects being studied?

A. Sensitivity
B. Reliability
C. Validity
D. Objectivity

37. Which of the following terms refer to the degree to which an instrument
measures what it is supposed to be measure?

A. Validity
B. Reliability
C. Meaningfulness

D. Sensitivity

38. He plans for his sampling method. Which sampling method gives equal chance
to all units in the population to get picked?

A. Random
B. Accidental
C. Quota
D. Judgment

39. Raphael is interested to learn more about transcultural nursing because he is

assigned at the family suites where most patients come from different cultures and
countries. Which of the following designs is appropriate for this study?

A. Grounded theory
B. Ethnography
C. Case study
D. Phenomenology

40. The nursing theorist who developed transcultural nursing theory is

A. Dorothea Orem
B. Madeleine Leininger
C. Betty Newman
D. Sr. Callista Roy