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    ME 563 Mechanical Vibrations Lecture #9: Second and Fourth Order Continuous Differential Equations

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    nils4586
    This document summarizes continuous systems modeling and differential equations of motion for strings, beams, and shafts. It provides an example of a vibrating string, where the equation of motion is second order in displacement and time. Four boundary conditions are needed to solve the equation. An example is also given for a vibrating beam, where the equation of motion is fourth order in displacement, requiring four boundary conditions. Finally, torsional vibration of a shaft is briefly discussed.

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    ME 563 Mechanical Vibrations Lecture #9: Second and Fourth Order Continuous Differential Equations

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    nils4586
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    This document summarizes continuous systems modeling and differential equations of motion for strings, beams, and shafts. It provides an example of a vibrating string, where the equation of motion is second order in displacement and time. Four boundary conditions are needed to solve the equation. An example is also given for a vibrating beam, where the equation of motion is fourth order in displacement, requiring four boundary conditions. Finally, torsional vibration of a shaft is briefly discussed.

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    This document summarizes continuous systems modeling and differential equations of motion for strings, beams, and shafts. It provides an example of a vibrating string, where the equation of motion is second order in displacement and time. Four boundary conditions are needed to solve the equation. An example is also given for a vibrating beam, where the equation of motion is fourth order in displacement, requiring four boundary conditions. Finally, torsional vibration of a shaft is briefly discussed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views12 pages

    ME 563 Mechanical Vibrations Lecture #9: Second and Fourth Order Continuous Differential Equations

    Uploaded by

    nils4586
    This document summarizes continuous systems modeling and differential equations of motion for strings, beams, and shafts. It provides an example of a vibrating string, where the equation of motion is second order in displacement and time. Four boundary conditions are needed to solve the equation. An example is also given for a vibrating beam, where the equation of motion is fourth order in displacement, requiring four boundary conditions. Finally, torsional vibration of a shaft is briefly discussed.

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    ME 563

    Mechanical Vibrations
    Lecture #9
    Second and Fourth Order Continuous
    Differential Equations

    Continuous Systems
    If mechanical systems have continuously distributed mass
    and elasticity (strings, membranes, beams, plates, shells, etc.),
    then it is necessary to use differential equations of motion that
    take into account the continuity in the system.
    Assume that:
    - Material properties are continuous (density, modulus, etc.)
    - Small motions meaning geometric nonlinearities are absent
    - Linear elastic behavior of the material

    String Example
    Consider the string shown below subjected to a distributed
    force that varies with time, f(x,t).
    The string displaces in the transverse (vertical) direction at a
    position x from the left end by y(x,t) as a function of time.

    String Example
    The free body diagram is drawn using the assumption that
    tension, density, force, displacement, and slope are
    continuously varying functions.

    String Example
    Only the first two terms of the Taylor series expansion for the
    functions are used (these lead to a linear equation of motion).

    Stiffness
    (restoring force)

    Can we ignore this?

    String Example

    This equation of motion is second order in y and t; therefore,


    two boundary conditions and two initial conditions are
    required to solve the equation. Consider the B.C.s:

    Geometric boundary condition

    Natural boundary condition

    String Example
    To determine the equation for a natural boundary condition,
    we usually use Newton-Euler laws to balance dynamic forces.
    End of string

    Other BCs (C. Krousgrill)

    Beam Example
    Consider the beam shown below subjected to a distributed
    force that varies with time, f(x,t).
    The beam displaces in the transverse (vertical) direction at a
    position x from the left end by y(x,t) as a function of time.

    Beam Example
    Only the first two terms of the Taylor series expansion for the
    functions are used (these lead to a linear equation of motion).

    Mass
    (inertia force)

    Stiffness
    (restoring force)

    10

    Beam Example

    This equation of motion is fourth order in y; therefore, four


    boundary conditions are required to solve the equation:
    Fixed-fixed

    Free-free

    Fixed-hinged

    11

    Torsional Vibration
    The shaft displaces in the rotational direction by an amount
    (x,t) at a position x from the left end as a function of time.
    (x,t)

    Is(x) = Mass polar moment of inertia per unit length


    (x,t) = Torque per unit length

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