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    Literature Review PDF

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    Annisa Rakhmawati
    The document discusses literature review in research methodology. It begins by explaining the importance of conducting a literature review to deepen knowledge in the studied field, know related previous research, and clarify the research problem. It then provides guidance on the sources of literature, including peer-reviewed journal papers, books, conferences, and theses. It also discusses approaches to literature review, including starting broadly and narrowing the focus, as well as Creswell's 5-step approach of identifying key terms, locating literature, critical evaluation and selection, organization, and writing the review.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Literature Review PDF

    Uploaded by

    Annisa Rakhmawati
    117 views46 pages
    The document discusses literature review in research methodology. It begins by explaining the importance of conducting a literature review to deepen knowledge in the studied field, know related previous research, and clarify the research problem. It then provides guidance on the sources of literature, including peer-reviewed journal papers, books, conferences, and theses. It also discusses approaches to literature review, including starting broadly and narrowing the focus, as well as Creswell's 5-step approach of identifying key terms, locating literature, critical evaluation and selection, organization, and writing the review.

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    The document discusses literature review in research methodology. It begins by explaining the importance of conducting a literature review to deepen knowledge in the studied field, know related previous research, and clarify the research problem. It then provides guidance on the sources of literature, including peer-reviewed journal papers, books, conferences, and theses. It also discusses approaches to literature review, including starting broadly and narrowing the focus, as well as Creswell's 5-step approach of identifying key terms, locating literature, critical evaluation and selection, organization, and writing the review.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    117 views46 pages

    Literature Review PDF

    Uploaded by

    Annisa Rakhmawati
    The document discusses literature review in research methodology. It begins by explaining the importance of conducting a literature review to deepen knowledge in the studied field, know related previous research, and clarify the research problem. It then provides guidance on the sources of literature, including peer-reviewed journal papers, books, conferences, and theses. It also discusses approaches to literature review, including starting broadly and narrowing the focus, as well as Creswell's 5-step approach of identifying key terms, locating literature, critical evaluation and selection, organization, and writing the review.

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    RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

    4. LITERATURE REVIEW
    Nur Rachman Dzakiyullah (M.Sc)
    nurrachmandzakiyullah@gmail.com
    WA/SMS :+6285643546351, +6281390706559

    SD PADOKAN 2 YOGYAKARTA (2000)


    SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 3 YOGYAKARTA (2003)
    SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 3 , YOGYAKARTA (2006)

    S1

    Faculty of Industrial Technology, Department of Informatics Engineering


    Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia (2006-2010)
    S2

    Faculty of Information and Communication Technology

    Department of Industrial Computing


    Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia (2011-2014)
    Research Interest : Artificial Intelligent, Data Mining, Operation Research,

    Modeling and Decision Technology

    1. Introduction to Research Methodology


    2. Research Phase
    3. Define Research Problem
    4. Literature Review
    5. How To Write Research Proposal
    6. Mistake on Research
    7. Ethics in doing Research

    Memperdalam pengetahuan tentang

    bidang yang diteliti


    Mengetahui hasil penelitian yang
    berhubungan dan yang sudah pernah
    dilaksanakan (Related Research)
    Mengetahui perkembangan ilmu pada
    bidang yang kita pilih (state-of-the-art)
    Memperjelas masalah penelitian
    5

    1. Paper dari Journal

    2. Paper dari Book Chapter


    3. Paper dari Conference (Proceedings)
    4. Thesis dan Disertasi
    5. Report (Laporan) dari Organisasi yang

    Terpercaya
    6. Buku Textbook

    * Prioritaskan mengambil paper journal yang terindeks oleh ISI dan


    SCOPUS, cek dengan http://scimagojr.com
    6

    1.

    Thomson Reuters Web of Science


    Since 1963, formerly produced by ISI, 12032 journals are indexed
    Pengindeks journal yang memiliki level paling baik
    http://wokinfo.com

    2.

    Scopus
    Launched by Elsevier in 2004, 20000 journals, conference papers and

    other are indexed


    Pengindeks journal level standard, biasa untuk syarat menyelesaikan
    PhD
    http://scopus.com
    3.

    Google Scholar
    Launched in 2004, mengindeks semua publikasi ilmiah yang online
    http://scholar.google.com

    * Organisasi pengindeks journal selain di atas (EBSCO, DBLP,


    ProQuest, dsb), boleh dikatakan selevel dengan Google Scholar

    BERBAYAR

    GRATIS
    http://sci-hub.org
    http://libgen.org
    http://scholar.google.com
    http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu
    http://bookzz.org
    http://learnr.pro

    http://sciencedirect.com
    http://www.ebscohost.com
    http://link.springer.com
    http://www.computer.org
    http://portal.acm.org

    http://bookboon.com/

    http://www.freebookspot.es/
    http://freecomputerbooks.com/
    http://www.onlinefreeebooks.net/
    http://www.bookyards.com
    9

    10

    12

    Literature Review
    Describes the past and current state of the field, organises it,
    documents the need for new research

    Learning what is known and unknown


    Learning how field of knowledge was developed (history)
    Showing you understand your field

    Confirming your own research is worthwhile


    Identifying how you will make a contribution

    Salah satu cara yang umum digunakan untuk pendekatan kajian pustaka adalah
    dimulai dari isu yang luas dan kemudian menuju lebih spesifik. Gambar 1, dibawah
    ini sebagai contoh sebuah segitiga terbalik.

    1. Pertama dengan singkat menjelaskan masalah-masalah yang

    luas terkait dengan penelitian; Anda tidak perlu menulis


    banyak tentang hal ini, hanya menunjukkan luasnya luasnya
    subjek yang menjadi ruang lingkup kajian.

    2.

    Kemudian mempersempit fokus kajian, untuk mengarahkan


    studi yang tumpang tindih dengan studi yang akan dilakukan.

    3.

    Bagian akhir adalah mengasah secara mendalam setiap


    bagian penelitian secara langsung berkaitan dengan
    penelitian spesifik yang akan dilakukan. Proporsi waktu yang
    diperlukan adalah membahas penelitian-penelitian yang
    memiliki relevansi langsung dengan penelitianyang akan
    dilakukan.

    Literature Review By Five Steps Of Creswells (2008)


    Approach
    - identify key areas/terms
    - locate literature

    - critically evaluate and select


    - organise literature
    - write literature review

    Identify Key Terms or Descriptors


    Extract key words from your title

    (remember, you may decide to change the


    title later)
    Use some of the words other authors
    reported in the literature

    Creswell, J.W. (2005) Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and
    Qualitative Research

    Research Topic vs. Research Problem vs. Research


    Design

    Research Topic
    Broad subject matter being addressed in a study

    Research Problem
    Educational issue/problem in a study

    Research Design
    Decisions regarding what, where, when, how
    much, by what means, concerning an enquiry
    or a research study

    Locate Literature
    Use academic libraries, do not limit your search to an electronic search

    of articles
    Use primary and secondary sources. A primary source is research
    reported by the researcher that conducted the study. A secondary
    source is research that summarizes or reports findings that come from
    primary sources
    Use Google Search Engines and Alert Mechanism

    2011

    2012

    2013

    2014

    2015

    Gambar Perhitungan Mundur Membaca Pilihan Artikel


    Creswell, J.W. (2005) Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research

    Critically Evaluate and Select Literature


    Rely on journal articles published

    Prioritize your search:

    refereed journal articles


    non-refereed articles
    Books
    conference papers
    dissertations and theses
    papers posted to websites
    Creswell, J.W. (2005) Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative
    Research

    Abstract Summarization of the article


    Introduction Background of problem
    Methods Method used in the study
    Results Output from the work
    Discussion What to do next
    Conclusion Summary

    References Work from others

    22

    Agreements
    Similarly, author B points to
    Likewise, author C makes the case that
    Author D also makes this point
    Again, it is possible to see how author E agrees with author D
    Disagreements
    However, author B points to
    On the other hand, author C makes the case that
    Conversely, Author D argues
    Nevertheless, what author E suggests
    http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/referring-to-sources/
    23

    Organize the Literature


    Create a system to keep track of what you read. Each article you read

    should be summarized
    Sort these into groups of related topics or areas

    Creswell, J.W. (2005) Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative
    Research

    Write a Literature Review


    Thematic Review:

    A theme is identified and studies found under this theme are described. Get
    major ideas.
    Develop a macro-structure

    List of headings, sub-headings and points

    Creswell, J.W. (2005) Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and
    Qualitative Research

    Be proactive!
    Dont wait for supervisor to push you (Information Searching)

    Reading papers
    Develop critical thinking: identify both strong and weak points

    (Academic Reading)

    Supervisor will point you to important papers as well as conferences

    and journals in your area

    You responsibility to find more papers starting from these pointers


    Use technology (Alert Mechanism),

    Managing Research Papers Mendeley or Endnote

    Identifying important and hard problems

    Problem solving/design
    Always ask yourself: whats the novelty of my solution?
    How is it different from/similar to alternative solutions?

    Methodology/Implementation
    Evaluation
    Prove that your solution works as claimed
    Should know from the design time experiments and metrics

    28

    Buat account di mendeley.com dan download aplikasinya


    Buat folder dan sub folder pada aplikasi mendeley, dan letakkan

    paper (pdf) yang sudah didownload ke folder yang diinginkan di


    mendeley
    Bibliografi dari paper akan ditampilkan secara otomatis setelah
    pdf diletakkan
    Apabila mendeley gagal membaca bibliografi dari paper, cari
    DOI dari paper, isikan di catalog ID, dan setelah lookup dipilih,
    bibliografi akan muncul secara otomatis
    Install MS Word Plugin untuk membantu dalam menuliskan sitasi
    dan daftar referensi
    29

    30

    31

    32

    33

    34

    35

    1. Technical Paper
    1. Paper yang isinya adalah hasil penelitian dan
    eksperimen yang dilakukan seorang peneliti
    2. Penilaian kualitas technical paper dari kontribusi
    ke pengetahuan
    Survey Paper

    2.
    1.

    2.

    Paper yang isinya adalah review dan survey tentang topik/tema


    suatu penelitian, biasanya jumlah penelitian yang direview
    mencapai ratusan atau ribuan
    Rujukan dan panduan penting bagi peneliti yang baru memulai
    penelitian untuk memahami suatu topic/tema penelitian secara
    komprehensif
    36

    37

    1. Pahami Masalah Penelitian

    Apakah penelitian hanya menyelesaikan masalah yang dibuatbuat?


    Apakah masalah penelitian dilandasi dan divalidasi?

    2. Pahami Kontribusi

    Apakah peneliti hanya mengulang hal yang sudah ada?


    Apakah peneliti menyadari literatur lain yang berhubungan
    dengan penelitiannya?
    Apa yang baru dan orisinil di paper itu (metodologi, algoritma,
    evaluasi, validasi, tool, dsb.)?

    3. Pahami Validitas Kontribusi

    Apakah teori atau model yang diusulkan sudah terbukti benar?


    Tidak adakah kesalahan pada pembuktian?
    Adakah faktor-faktor aneh pada proses eksperimen penelitian?
    Apakah benchmark yang dilakukan realistis atau hanya buatan?
    Ataukah membandingkan apel dan jeruk?
    Apakah generalisasi cukup valid?

    38

    Masalah penelitian adalah alasan utama

    mengapa penelitian harus dilakukan


    Reviewer jurnal internasional menjadikan
    masalah penelitiansebagai parameter
    utama proses review
    Masalah penelitian harus objective (tidak
    subjective), dan harus dibuktikan secara logis
    dan valid bahwa masalah itu benar-benar
    masalah
    Supaya logis dan valid, perlu dilakukan
    objektifikasi masalah, dengan cara melandasi
    masalah penelitian dengan literature terbaru
    39

    Masalah Penelitian (Research Problem):


    Neural network terbukti memiliki performa bagus untuk menangani

    data besar seperti pada data prediksi harga saham, akan tetapi
    memiliki kelemahan pada pemilihan arsitektur jaringannya yang
    harus dilakukan secara trial error, sehingga tidak efisien dan
    mengakibatkan hasil prediksi kurang akurat

    Rumusan Masalah (Research Question):


    Bagaimana peningkatan akurasi dan efisiensi neural network apabila

    pada pemilihan arsitektur jaringan diotomatisasi menggunakan


    algoritma genetika?

    Tujuan Penelitian (Research Objective):


    Menerapkan algoritma genetika untuk mengotomatisasi pemilihan

    arsitektur jaringan pada neural nework sehingga lebih efisien dan


    hasil prediksi lebih akurat

    40

    Research Problem (RP):

    Algoritma K-Means memiliki kelemahan pada

    sulitnya penentuan K yang optimal dan komputasi


    yang tidak efisien bila menangani data besar (Zhao,
    2010)

    Research Question (RQ):

    Seberapa efektif algoritma Bee Colony bila

    digunakan untuk menentukan nilai K yang optimal


    pada K-Means?
    Seberapa efisien algoritma backward elimination
    bila digunakan untuk mengurangi jumlah atribut
    pada algoritma K-Means?

    Research Objective (RO):

    Menerapkan algoritma bee colony untuk

    menentukan nikai K yang optimal pada K-Means


    Menerapkan backward elimination untuk
    mengurangi jumlah atribut pada algoritma K-Means

    41

    42

    Pahami Research Question (RQ) yang biasanya tertulis secara eksplisit di paper
    Jawaban RQ ada di bagian result and analysis di halaman belakang
    Perhatikan pelan-pelan apabila RQ ada tentang best method/algorithm karena di

    situ akan dibahas tentang state-of-the-art method

    Perhatikan juga RQ tentang research challenge/problems, karena di situ kita bisa

    menemukan masalah penelitian terkini (state-of-the-art problem)

    43

    Liao et al., Intrusion Detection System: A Comprehensive Review, Journal of

    Network and Computer Applications, 36(2013)

    Galar et al., A Review on Ensembles for the Class Imbalance Problem: Bagging-,

    Boosting-, and Hybrid-Based Approaches, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and


    Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews), Vol. 42, No. 4, July 2012

    Hall et al., A Systematic Literature Review on Fault Prediction Performance in

    Software Engineering, IEEE Transaction on Software Engineering, Vol. 38, No. 6,


    2012

    44

    Abbott, M., & McKinney, J. (2013). Understanding and Applying

    Research Design. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

    Berndtsson, M., Hansson, J., & Olsson, B. (2008). Thesis Projects: a

    Guide for Students in Computer Science and Information Systems


    (2nd ed.). London: Springer-Verlag

    Blaxter, L., Hughes, C., & Tight, M. (2006). How to Research (3rd ed.).

    Open University Press

    Blessing, L. T. M., & Chakrabarti, A. (2009). DRM, a Design Research

    Methodology. Springer-Verlag London

    Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2005). Research Methods in

    Education (5th ed.). Taylor & Francis Group

    Dawson, C. W. (2009). Projects in Computing and Information

    Systems A Students Guide (2nd ed.). Pearson Education Limited

    Jonker, J., & Pennink, B. (2010). The Essence of Research

    Methodology. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

    Lichtfouse, E. (2013). Scientific Writing for Impact Factor Journals.

    Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

    45

    Kothari, C. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques.

    New Age International

    Might, M. (2010). The Illustrated Guide to a Ph.D. Matt.might.net.

    Retrieved from http://matt.might.net/articles/phd-school-inpictures/

    Marczyk, G., DeMatteo, D., & Fertinger, D. (2005). Essentials of

    Research Design and Methodology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

    Rea, L. M., & Parker, R. A. (2014). Designing and Conducting Survey

    Research: A Comprehensive Guide (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

    Runeson, P., Host, M., Rainer, A., & Regnell, B. (2012). Case Study

    Research in Software Engineering: Guidelines and Examples. John


    Wiley & Sons, Inc.

    Sahu, P. K. (2013). Research Methodology: A Guide for Researchers

    In Agricultural Science, Social Science and Other Related Fields.


    Springer

    Veit, R., Gould, C., & Gould, K. (2013). Writing, Reading, and

    Research (9th ed.). Cengage Learning

    46

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