Aerospace Flight Dynamics
Aerospace Flight Dynamics
Aerospace Flight Dynamics
2
Neutral point, stick free
Cmf ree
xc.g. xnf ree
=
c
CN
2
d
Vh
Sh lh
Cm Ch
d
1
=
1
d
V
S
c
CN Ch
d
Ch lh
Ch c
1
Cme
Cm 0
Vh
V
2
W Ch xc.g. xnf ree
1
V 2 Cht te te0
S Cm
c
2
3
The stick displacement per g (Neglecting CZq s contribution)
Pull-up manoeuvre:
de
1
=
dn
Cm
W
1
2
2 V S
Cmq
Cm
+
CN
2c
Horizontal turns:
de
1
=
dn
Cm
W
1
2
2 V S
Cmq
Cm
+
CN
2c
1
1+ 2
n
Vh
V
2
Ch
Se ce
Cm
Cmf ree
CN
Cmqf ree
2c
Horizontal turns:
dFe
de W
=
dn
dse S
Vh
V
2
Ch
Se ce
Cm
Cmf ree
CN
)
Cmqf ree
1
+
1+ 2
2c
n
4
Kinematic relations:
sin
cos
q cos
+r
cos
cos
r sin
W sin + X = m (u + qw rv)
W cos sin + Y
= m (v + ru pw)
= IY q + (IX IZ ) rp + JXZ p2 r2
5
Linearized symmetric equations of motion (Non-dimensional) + symmetric kinematic relations (stability reference frame):
CXu 2c Dc
CX
CZ + (CZ 2c ) Dc CX0
CZu
CZ 0
0
2c + CZq
Dc
Cmu
Cm + Cm Dc
Cmq 2c KY2 Dc
CXe
CZe
q
c
V
Cme
CY + CY 2b Db
CL
C Yp
21 Db
Cl
2D
Clp 4b KX
b
Cn + Cn Db
Cnp + 4b KXZ Db
CYa
CYr
Cla
a +
Clr
Cna
Cnr
CYr 4b
pb
Clr + 4b KXZ Db
2V
rb
Cnr 4b KZ2 Db
2V
6
Consider the eigenvalue c as in Dc x = c x.
1
x t + T 1 = x(t)
2
2
c Vc
or,
t+T 1
1 c V t
e c
2
It follows,
T1 =
2
ln 12 c
0, 693 c
=
c V
c
V
Time constant
1
x(t + ) = x(t)
e
V
ec c (t+ ) =
or,
1 c V t
e c
e
It follows,
V
= 1
c
1 c
c V
p
1 2