A

REPORT
ON
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

Prepared For
MR. Maha rudra

Prepared By
NAME:
NEC NO:
LSMC NO:

Submitted To
Lalitpur Sub-metropolitan City Office, Lalitpur

05 December 2016

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

This report comprises the summary of the structural design of Residential Building.
The report consists of design procedures adopted, assumptions made, and the input
assign in the design. During design it is assumed that the client will completely
followed the architectural as well as the structural design. It is also assumed that the
construction will be supervised by a professional engineer.
The designer will not be responsible if any alteration or change to the structural
system is made by the client or contractor without the prior permission from the
designer, or the alteration to the non-structural system is made such that the weight of
each individual floor or the weight of the whole building is altered by more than 10%
of the design weight of the floor and the total weight.
The design calculations and derivations are limited to only to let the concerned people
know the methodology adopted. However, the calculation may be provided to the
client or the concerned authorities when needed, upon request.

.
NAME:
NEC NO:
LSMC NO:
(DESIGNER)

Page | i

Table of Contents
1

Introduction ....................................................................................................... 6

1.1

General ................................................................................................................ 6

1.2

Salient Features ................................................................................................... 6

1.2.1

Project Information ......................................................................................... 6

1.2.2

Building Features ............................................................................................ 6

1.2.3

Site Condition.................................................................................................. 8

Analysis Technology and Methodology .......................................................... 8

2.1

General ................................................................................................................ 8

2.2

Codes and Standard used .................................................................................. 10

2.3

Software Used ................................................................................................... 10

Analysis ............................................................................................................ 11

3.1

Material properties ............................................................................................ 11

3.1.1

Concrete ........................................................................................................ 11

3.1.2

Reinforcement Steel ...................................................................................... 11

3.2

Section Properties ............................................................................................. 12

3.3

Loadings ............................................................................................................ 12

3.3.1

Load Cases .................................................................................................... 12

3.3.2

Load Combination ......................................................................................... 13

3.4

Estimation of Load ............................................................................................ 14

3.4.1

Unit Weight (Dead Load) .............................................................................. 14

3.4.2

Live Load ...................................................................................................... 18

3.4.3

Seismic Load ................................................................................................. 19

Analysis Output............................................................................................... 20

4.1

Seismic Coefficient Method ............................................................................. 20

4.2

Story Drift ......................................................................................................... 21

4.3

Modal time period and mass participation ........................................................ 22

Force Diagram ................................................................................................. 23

5.1.1

Axial Force Diagram ..................................................................................... 23

5.1.2

Shear Force Diagram ..................................................................................... 24

5.1.3

Moment Diagram .......................................................................................... 26

5.2

Joint Reactions .................................................................................................. 27

Design of Structural Members (Sample Design) .......................................... 27

6.1

Design Input and Output ................................................................................... 27

6.1.1

Section Input Diagram .................................................................................. 27

Page | ii

6.1.2

Design Output Diagram ................................................................................ 29

6.2

Design of Slab ................................................................................................... 32

6.3

Design of Beam................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.4

Design of Column ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.5

Design of Footing (Isolated) ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

References ........................................................................................................ 51

Page | iii

List of Figure
Figure 1: Ground floor Plan of Building ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2: X-Section of Building .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3: 3D-Model of Building ................................................................................ 10
Figure 4: Frame Load (Wall Load) on Grid E-E .................................................... 17
Figure 5: Area Load (LL) on Floor Slab ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 6: Area Load (Floor Finishing Load) on Floor Slab................................... 18
Figure 7: Distribution of Story shear (EQx)................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 8: Story displacement (EQx) ......................................................................... 22
Figure 9: Story displacement (EQy) ......................................................................... 22
Figure 10: Envelope - Axial Force diagram: Grid 2-2............................................ 23
Figure 11: Envelope-Shear Force diagram: Grid 2-2 ............................................. 25
Figure 12: Envelope -Moment diagram: Grid 2-2 ................................................. 26
Figure 13: Joint Level and Reactions ....................................................................... 27
Figure 14: Section Input in Frame along Grid 2-2 ................................................. 28
Figure 15: Section Input in First Floor ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 16: Design Output in Frame along Grid 2-2 ............................................... 30
Figure 17: Design Output in First Floor ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Page | iv

List of Table
Table 1: Load Cases ................................................................................................... 12
Table 2: Load Combination ...................................................................................... 13
Table 3: Unit Weight of Materials ............................................................................ 14
Table 4: Dead Load Calculation ............................................................................... 15
Table 5: Mass Source for Seismic Load ................................................................... 20
Table 6: Fundamental Time period.......................................................................... 20
Table 7: Seismic coefficient and base shear............................................................. 21
Table 8: Beam reinforcement details ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 9: Summary of Design of Column................................................................. 34
Table 10: Summary of Design of Footing ............................................................... 46

Page | v

Introduction

1.1

General

This report presents the structure analysis and design of Residential cum Commercial
Building. The building is Special Reinforced Concrete Moment Resisting Frame
(SMRF) type of building. It is designed to meet both strength and serviceability
requirements when subjected to gravity and earthquake loads.
The analysis and design has been based on IS codes that are in practice in Nepal. This
report consists of the design assumptions, design methodology, design inputs and
outputs, and sample design of structural members.
1.2
1.2.1

1.2.2

Salient Features
Project Information
Type of building

Commercial building

Location

Plinth Area

1046.13 square ft.

Total Floor Area

4973.82 square ft.

Total land Area

Floor area Ratio

(FAR)

1.75

Land Coverage (%)

70

Building Features
The building has some special features which are listed below:
Type of Building

Special RC Moment Resisting Frame Structure

Shape

Regular Rectangular Shape

Plinth level

As per architectural drawing

Roof floor Type

Accessible, Terrace

Walls

Brick walls

Footing Type

Isolated & Combined as per as Design

Depth of

Minimum 5 ft below ground level or as per site

Page | 6

foundation

condition

Dimension

42-10 X 38-6

Story Height

9-5 (center to center)

Total Height

19.81 m

No of Story

Ground floor +Three Story

Figure 1 Ground Floor of Building Plan

Page | 7

Figure2 X Section of Building

1.2.3

2
2.1

Site Condition
Type of soil

: Type II, Soft Soil as per IS-1893(Part 1):2000

Allowable bearing pressure

: 120 KN/m2 (Assumed)

Seismic Zone Factor

: 0.36 as per IS-1893(Part 1):2000

Analysis Technology and Methodology

General
After completion of Architectural design, the layout of columns and beams are
done without affecting the Architectural functions of building so far. Structure is
Page | 8

modeled using finite element method. A three-dimensional beam element

having 12 DOF with 6 DOFs at each node were used for modeling beams and
columns in the building, while 24DOFs shell element with 6 DOFs at each node
were used to model slab wall.
The structure is analyzed by the linear elastic theory to calculate internal actions
produced by anticipated design loads. The analysis is carried out using state of
art three dimensional structural analysis programs like ETABS 2015. The design
loads considered as per the relevant codes of practice comprise dead load due to
permanent structures, live load due to occupancy of the structure and seismic
load due to anticipated earthquake possible at the proposed location. A number
of load combinations are considered to obtain the maximum values of design
stresses.
Following considerations is made during modeling, analysis and design.

The structures are Special Reinforced Concrete Moment Resisting

Frame (SMRF) type. Beams and columns are considered as the
structural load resisting elements. Although non-structural components
like wall plaster, infill walls, floor finishing etc has comes effects on
structural performance, they are considered only as loading.
For all structural elements, M20 grade concrete are used.
Centre-line dimensions are followed for modeling, analysis and design.
Floor slabs are assumed to be rigid in their own plane. The slab action
has been modeled by rigid floor diaphragms. Slabs are also considered
in modeling. Slab is modeled as shell element.
Beam and columns are modeled as frame elements.
The main beams rest centrally on columns to avoid local eccentricity.
Foundation is assumed to be fully rigid at the plinth level.
The beam-column joint is not modeled in detail.
Preliminary sizes of structural components are assumed by experience.
Seismic loads were considered acting in the horizontal direction (along
either of the two orthogonal directions of building) and not along the
vertical direction, since it is not considered to be significant for design
of structural members suitable load combinations as suggested by IS
1893 2002 are used.

Page | 9

Figure 1: 3D-Model of Building

2.2

Codes and Standard used

For the structural analysis and design, the following codes and standard are
followed:

2.3

IS 456- 2000 Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete

IS 875-1987 Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake)
for buildings and structures
IS 1893-2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures,
IS 13920-1993 Code of practice for ductile detailing of reinforced
concrete structures subjected to seismic forces
NBC Nepal Building Code

Software Used
The following software is used for the structural analysis and design.
ETABS 2015

For analysis and design of the structures

Page | 10

For structural modeling of the present building, ETABS software was used.
ETABS is a special purpose finite element analysis and design program
developed specifically for building systems. With ETABS, models are defined
logically floor-by-floor, column-by-column, bay-by-bay and wall-by-wall and not
as a stream of non-descript nodes and elements as in general purpose programs.
The software has very powerful numerical methods, design procedures and
international design codes, all working from a single comprehensive database. At
its core, it utilizes the same analysis engine as used by SAP2000.
Among others, ETABS can do model generation, seismic and wind load
generation, finite element-based linear and non-linear static and dynamic
analysis, concrete frame design (column and beam) and shear wall design.
3

Analysis

3.1
3.1.1

Material properties
Concrete
Column is designed for M20 grade of concrete. And all other components of
plain and reinforced concrete unless specified in design are M20 grade.
Modulus of Elasticity [Ec]

= 5000 fck N/mm2 (Cl. 6.2.3.1, IS 456:2000)

= 22360 N/mm2 for M20 grade

Poissons Ratio [U]

= 0.2

Unit Weight

= 25 KN/m3

Characteristic Strength [ck] = 20 N/mm2 for M20 grade

= 25 N/mm2 for M25 grade
The structural design strength is derived from the characteristic strength
multiplied by a coefficient 0.67 and divided by the material partial safety
factor. The partial factor for concrete in flexure and axial load is 1.5.

3.1.2

Reinforcement Steel
Characteristic strength of high yield steel is taken as 415 MPa for main rebar
and 415 MPa shear rebar and material partial safety factor is to be 1.15.
Modulus of Elasticity [Es]

= 2x105 N/mm2
Page | 11

Poissons Ratio [U]

3.2

= 0.3

Section Properties

Preliminary Size of Members

The preliminary sizes of Beam, Column, and Slab were chosen based on
experience.
Tie beam

: 230mm*230mm

Beam

: 230 mm x 350 mm

Column

: 350 mm x 350 mm

Slab Thickness : 125 mm

During the analysis, beam and column are modeled as frame elements whereas
slabs are modeled as area element.
3.3

Loadings
The following considerations are made during the loading on the structural
model:

3.3.1

The loads distributed over the area are imposed on the area element and
the loads distributed over the length are imposed on the frame elements
whenever possible.
Where such loading is not possible, equivalent conversion to different
loading distribution is carried to load the model near the real case as far
as possible.
For lateral load, necessary calculations are performed to comply with the
requirements of IS 1893-2000.

Load Cases
The following load cases are used for the loading during analysis.
Table 1: Load Cases
Page | 12

Load
Name

Load
Type

Description

Unit

Dead

Dead

Self-weight of the structure

KN/m2

Wall

S. Dead

Wall Load

KN/m

On floor & roof beam

Finish

S. Dead

Floor Finish Load

KN/m2

On floor & roof slab

Partition

S. Dead

Partition Wall Load

KN/m2

On floor slab

LL Floor

Live

Imposed Load

KN/m2

On floor slab

LL Terrace

Live

Imposed Load

KN/m2

On terrace slab

EQX

Quake

Seismic Coefficient IS1893

X+0.05Y

EQY

Quake

Seismic Coefficient IS1893

Y+0.05X

3.3.2

Remarks

Load Combination
The load combinations are based on IS 1893 -2000. The following load
combinations are specified as per 1893 -2000:
Static Load Combination:
1.5(DL + LL)
Seismic Load Combination:
1.2(DL + LL EQx EQy)
1.5(DL EQx EQy)
0.9 DL 1.5 EQx 1.5 EQy
The following load combinations are used during analysis

Table 2: Load Combination

S.N Name

Type

1.5(DL + LL)

1.5(DL + LL)

1.2(DL + LL+ EQx)

1.2(DL + LL+ EQx)

1.2(DL + LL - EQx)

1.2(DL + LL - EQx)

1.2(DL + LL + EQy)

1.2(DL + LL + EQy)

1.2(DL + LL - EQy)

1.2(DL + LL - EQy)
Page | 13

3.4

1.5(DL + EQx)

1.5(DL + EQx)

1.5(DL - EQx)

1.5(DL - EQx)

1.5(DL + EQy)

1.5(DL + EQy)

1.5(DL - EQy)

1.5(DL - EQy)

10

0.9DL + 1.5EQx

0.9DL + 1.5EQx

11

0.9DL - 1.5EQx

0.9DL - 1.5EQx

12

0.9DL + 1.5EQy

0.9DL + 1.5EQy

13

0.9DL - 1.5EQy

0.9DL - 1.5EQy

Estimation of Load
The loads on the building are based on Indian codes of Practices. The unit weight
of different structural and non-structural elements are derived from IS 875 Part 1
and presented in below
Table 3. The load calculations are based on actual measured drawings. The selfweight of beams, columns and slabs are calculated by the program. Similarly the
imposed loads are applied on the slab as area load in KN/m2 and values of
imposed loads are tabulated below. The weight of infill walls are calculated and
applied on beams as line weight in KN/m.

3.4.1

Partition wall load are assigned as uniformly distributed area load in slab as
area load in KN/m2.
Floor finishing load are assigned as area load in slab.
Single type of Live load is assigned in each panel of slab.
A frame load is applied as parapet loading on the exterior frame of the roof
level.
The roof is assumed accessible and loaded with roof live load as per Indian
Standard, IS 875 -1987(part2) but this load is not considered during seismic
load.

Unit Weight (Dead Load)

Dead loads for analysis are calculated as per Indian Standard, IS 875 1987(part1). Unit weights of different material used are given below
Table 3: Unit Weight of Materials
S.N

Type

Value

Reinforced Concrete

25 KN/m3
Page | 14

Brick Masonry

16.5 KN/m3

Screed

21.0 KN/m3

Marble

26.7 KN/m3

Mosaic finish

23.1 KN/m3

Plaster

20.4 KN/m3

Steel Rebar

78.6 KN/m3

Table 4: Dead Load Calculation

1 Unit Weights of materials
Brick masonry
Screed
Mosaic
Marble
Reinforced Concrete
cement plaster
2 Heights of Beams, Walls & Parapet Walls
Depth of Beam
Height of Building
Height of Parapet Wall
Wall thickness

16.5
21
23.1
26.7
25
20.4

kN/m3
kN/m3
kN/m3
kN/m3
kN/m3
kN/m3

0.350 m
2.870 m
1.000 m
0.23 m

3 Dead Loads of Walls

a) Dead load of 230 mm thick wall
with inside and outside plaster 32.5
mm
1.587 KN/m Total
Dead load of 230 mm thick wall with 25 % opening (Outer
wall)
with inside and outside plaster 32.5
mm
1.190 KN/m Total
Dead load of 230 mm thick wall with 15% opening (Inner
wall)
with inside and outside plaster 32.5
mm
1.349 KN/m Total
b) Dead load of 115 mm thick wall
with inside and outside plaster 32.5
mm
1.587 KN/m Total
Dead load of 115 mm thick wall with 25 % opening (Outer
wall)
with inside and outside plaster 32.5
mm
1.190 KN/m Total
Dead load of 115 mm thick wall with 15% opening (Inner
wall)

9.082 kN/m
10.669 KN/m
6.812 kN/m
8.002 KN/m
7.720 kN/m
9.069 KN/m
4.541 kN/m
6.128 KN/m
3.406 kN/m
4.596 KN/m
3.860 kN/m
Page | 15

with inside and outside plaster 32.5

mm
1.349
c) Dead load of parapet wall (230 mm thick)
with inside and outside plaster 32.5
mm
0.663
Dead load of parapet wall (115 mm thick)
with inside and outside plaster 32.5
mm
0.663
4 Floor Loads
Thickness of slab
Thickness of tile with plaster
Thickness of Mosaic
Thickness of Marble
Thickness of Screed
Thickness of Cement Plaster

KN/m Total

5.209 KN/m
3.795 kN/m

KN/m Total

4.458 KN/m
1.898 kN/m

KN/m Total

2.561 KN/m
0.125
0.025
0.020
0.020
0.040
0.0125

m
m
m
m
m
m

Dead load of structural slab

3.125 kN/m2

Dead load of Tile

Dead load of Mosaic
Dead load of Marble
Dead load of screed
Dead load of Cement Plaster
Total dead load of Floor Finishes (Tile)
Total dead load of Floor Finishes (Mosaic)
Total dead load of Floor Finishes (Marble)
Total dead load of Floor Finishes (Cement
Punning)

0.510
0.462
0.534
0.840
0.255
1.350
1.302
1.374

Dead load of light partition walls

1.200 kN/m2

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

1.095 kN/m2

Page | 16

Figure 2: Frame Load (Wall Load) on Grid E-E

Figure 5: Frame Load (Wall Load) on Grid 2-2

Page | 17

3.4.2

Live Load
The magnitude of live load depends upon the type of occupancy of the
building. These are to be chosen from code IS875:1987(part II) for various
occupancies. The live load distribution varies with time. Hence each member
is designed for worst combination of dead load and live loads. Live loads for
residential cum commercial building are given above.
Table 5: Live Load for Residential Building
S.N

Area type

Load

Unit

Rooms

KN/m2

2
3

Terrace (Accessible)
Staircase and Passage

1.5
3

KN/m2
KN/m2

Figure 5: Area Load (Live Load) on Floor Slab

Page | 18

Figure 5: Area Load Floor finish on Floor Slab

3.4.3

Seismic Load
The seismic load is applied to the building with auto lateral load pattern in
ETABS 2013 as per IS 1893-2000. This load case is assumed static linear and
all the necessary data are given as per the following conditions.
To determine the seismic load, it is considered that the country lies in the
seismic zone V according to IS 1893:2000. The soil type is considered as soft
with 5% damping to determine average response acceleration. The building is
analyzed as moment resisting frame without consideration of infill wall.
Therefore the fundamental time period Ta is obtained by using the following
formula:
Ta =

[Cl.7.6.2, IS 1893 -2002]

Other factors considered for seismic load calculations are as follows

Zone factor, Z = 0.36 for Zone V [Table 2, Cl6.4.2, IS 1893 -2002]
Page | 19

Importance factor, I = 1.0 [Table 6, Cl6.4.2, IS 1893 -2002]

Response Reduction Factor = 5 for special RC moment resisting frame
(SMRF)
[Table 6, Cl6.4.2, IS 1893 -2002]
The seismic weight is determined based on the following mass source. (Table
6, Cl.7.9.2, IS 1893 (Part 1):2002)

Table 6: Mass Source for Seismic Load

4.1

S.N

Load Type

Scale Factor

Dead Load

Live Load <3

0.25

Live Load >3

0.50

Roof Live Load

Nil

Analysis Output
The analysis results are discussed in this chapter. Both seismic coefficient and
response spectrum methods are used. The major discussion are focused on the
eccentricity, story shear, inter story drift, maximum displacement and base shear
along two orthogonal directions. The column and beam size and reinforcement
are then checked.
Seismic Coefficient Method
The fundamental time period of the building as per IS code 1893: 2002, clause
7.6.2, total seismic weight and base shear in both orthogonal directions are
given in Table 7. This result will be used to compare and scale the base shear
from response spectrum method.
Table 7: Fundamental Time period
Direction

Time period (sec)

0.71

0.71

Page | 20

Based on program/software calculated seismic coefficient, base shear and

storey shear are as shown in the Table 8 and to calculate these parameters, the
following equation has been used as per code.
The coefficient is given by,

And, base shear is given by,

These values in both the orthogonal direction are tabulated in the Table 8
below.
Table 8: Seismic coefficient and base shear
Seismic Weight (KN)

4.2

6571.66

Direction

Seismic Coefficient

0.06

0.06

Vb (KN)

394.3

394.3

Story Drift
As per Cl. no. 7.11.1 of IS 1893-2002, the story drift in any story due to
specified design lateral force with partial load factor of 1.0, shall not exceed
0.004 times the story height. In this building the story drift is limited to 52.4
mm. From the analysis the displacements of the mass center of various floors
are obtained and are shown in along with story drift.

Page | 21

Figure 3: Story displacement (EQx)

Figure 4: Story displacement (EQy)

It is seen that drift does not exceed the code prescribed value of 0.004 times
story height (i.e. permissible story displacement is 52.4 mm). Thus the drift
check seems to comply with the safety value mentioned in the code.
4.3

Modal time period and mass participation

IS 1893: 2002 clause 7.8.4.2 states that number of modes to be used in the
analysis should be such that the sum total of modal masses of all modes
Page | 22

considered is at least 90 percent of the total seismic mass of the structure.

Analysis was carried out for first 12 modes so that the mass participation
satisfies this criterion in both orthogonal directions.
5

Force Diagram
The output of forces obtained from ETABS analysis for Envelope have
presented below as a sample only. The output forces are axial force, Shear force
and Momnts.

5.1.1

Axial Force Diagram

Figure 5: Envelope - Axial Force diagram: Grid E-E

Page | 23

Figure 11: Envelope - Axial Force diagram: Grid 2-2

5.1.2

Shear Force Diagram

Page | 24

Figure 12: Envelope-Shear Force diagram: Grid E-E

Figure 13: Envelope-Shear Force diagram: Grid 2-2

Page | 25

5.1.3

Moment Diagram

Figure 6: Envelope -Moment diagram: Grid E-E

Figure1 5: Envelope -Moment diagram: Grid 2-2

Page | 26

5.2

Joint Reactions
The reactions at the support of column for load combination of (DL + LL) are
as follows:

Figure 7: Joint Level and Reactions

6

Design of Structural Members (Sample Design)

6.1
6.1.1

Design Input and Output

Section Input Diagram

Page | 27

Figure 17 Section Input in Frame along Grid E-E

Figure 18 Section Input in Frame along Grid 2-2

Page | 28

Figure 8: Section Input in Ground Floor

6.1.2

Design Output Diagram

Page | 29

Figure 9: Design Output in Frame along Grid E-E

Page | 30

Figure21: Design Output in Frame along Grid 2-2

Figure23: Design Output in First Floor

Page | 31

6.2

Design of Slab

DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB:

1 General Data:
Depth of slab :
Grade of Concrete :
Grade of Steel :
Effective cover:
Effective depth of slab :
Effective length:
Shoter span:
Longer span:
2.0 Loading:
Dead Load:
Other Dead Load:
Live Load:
Total Load:
Factored Load:

(D)
(fck)
(fy)
(d')
(d)

125
20
500
20
105

(lx)
(ly)

4.49 m
4.87 m

(DL)
(ODL)
(LL)
(w)
(wu)

3.125
2
2
7.125

mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm

KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2

10.68 KN/m2

3.0 Type of slab:

1.107
Type:

Two way Slab

4.0 Calculation of Moments:

Moment coefficient:
Type of Slab Panel:

Short span coefficient:

Support
Mid Span

x
S
M

0.053
0.040

Long span coefficient:

Support
Mid Span
Moments:

y
S
M

0.047
0.035

S
M

11.52
8.69

Short span moments:

Support
Mid Span

KN-m
KN-m
Page | 32

Long span moments:

Support
Mid Span

S
M

5.0 Check depth for maximum Moments:

Maximum moments:
Mu
Moment coefficient:
k
effective depth:
d

10.12 KN-m
7.54 KN-m

11.526 KN-m
0.138
65
< 105 mm
OK

6.0 Calculation of reinforcement:

6.1 For shorter span
Mim'm reinforcement
Design moment:
Neutral axis depth :
Area of steel required:
Area of steel provided:

For longer span

Effective depth
Mim'm reinforcement
Design moment:
Neutral axis depth :
Area of steel required:
Area of steel provided:

(Ast)min
Mx
x

126 mm2
11.526 KN-m
17 mm

Ast

327 mm2
8 mm
150 mm

Ast

336 mm2

Pt

0.32 %

97 mm

(Ast)min
Mx
x

117 mm2
10.127 KN-m
16 mm

Ast

311 mm2
8 mm
150 mm

Ast

336 mm2

Pt

0.347 %

Maximum shear force:

Vu

23.99 KN

Shear Stress:

tv

0.229 N/mm2
7.257

Concrete Shear Strength:

Shear Strength factor:

tc
K

0.399 N/mm2
1.3

Shear Strength of Slab:

tc'

0.518 > 0.229 N/mm2

OK

7.0 Check for shear stress:

Page | 33

8.0 Check for development length:

Ultimate moment Capacity:
Maximum Shear Force:

M1
V

11.89 KN-m
23.99 KN

Bond Stress:

tbd

1.92 N/mm2

Development length:

Ld

377 mm

Anchorage length:
Available length:

L0

105 mm
750
> Ld
OK

8.0 Check for deflection:

length to eff. Depth ratio:

Coefficient:

l/d

42.76
23
1
2.000

1 and Pt =
1
46.00 O.K

for fs = 234.25 N/mm2

0.32 %

Page | 34

6.2

Design of Beam (Ground Beam A-B-5 X Direction)

ETABS 2015 Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design

Beam Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Length
Level Element Section ID Combo ID Station Loc
LLRF
(mm)
Beam
Story1
B19
UDCon7
6623.9
6798.9
1
350*230
Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm)
230
350
230
0
30

dcb (mm)
30

Material Properties
Lt.Wt Factor
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa)
fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
(Unitless)
22360.68
27.58
1
413.69
413.69
Design Code Parameters
C
S
1.5
1.15
Factored Forces and Moments
Factored Factored Factored Factored
Mu3
Tu
Vu2
Pu
kN-m
kN-m
kN
kN
-96.1357 0.1114 66.7442
0
Design Moments, Mu3 & Mt
Page | 35

Factored Factored Positive Negative

Moment
Mt
Moment Moment
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
-96.1357 0.1653
0
-96.301
Design Moment and Flexural Reinforcement for Moment, Mu3 & Tu
Design Design -Moment +Moment Minimum Required
-Moment +Moment Rebar
Rebar
Rebar
Rebar
kN-m
kN-m
mm
mm
mm
mm
Top (+2
-96.301
1039
0
1039
260
Axis)
Bottom (-2
0
519
0
67
519
Axis)
Shear Force and Reinforcement for Shear, Vu2 & Tu
Shear Ve Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN
kN
kN
kN
mm/m
87.2234 54.0464 38.3579
33.9899
333.22
Torsion Force and Torsion Reinforcement for Torsion, Tu & VU2
Tu
Vu
Core b1 Core d1 Rebar Asvt /s
kN-m
kN
mm
mm
mm/m
0.7447 64.476
190
310
266.42

6.3

Design of Beam (Ground Beam 1-4-F-G Y Direction)

ETABS 2015 Concrete Frame Design
IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design

Page | 36

Beam Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Length
Level Element Section ID Combo ID Station Loc
LLRF
(mm)
Beam
Story1
B15
UDCon10
175
4511.9
1
350*230
Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm)
230
350
230
0
30

dcb (mm)
30

Material Properties
Lt.Wt Factor
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa)
fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
(Unitless)
22360.68
27.58
1
413.69
413.69
Design Code Parameters
C
S
1.5
1.15
Factored Forces and Moments
Factored Factored Factored Factored
Mu3
Tu
Vu2
Pu
kN-m
kN-m
kN
kN
-96.2489 2.4386 78.5173 0.0783
Design Moments, Mu3 & Mt
Factored Factored Positive Negative
Moment
Mt
Moment Moment
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
-96.2489 3.6173
0
-99.8662
Design Moment and Flexural Reinforcement for Moment, Mu3 & Tu

Page | 37

Design Design -Moment +Moment Minimum Required

-Moment +Moment Rebar
Rebar
Rebar
Rebar
kN-m
kN-m
mm
mm
mm
mm
Top (+2
-99.8662
Axis)
Bottom (-2
Axis)

1073

1073

268

537

102

537

Shear Force and Reinforcement for Shear, Vu2 & Tu

Shear Ve Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN
kN
kN
kN
mm/m
96.5561 54.6695 69.2863
55.3635
601.9
Torsion Force and Torsion Reinforcement for Torsion, Tu & VU2
Tu
Vu
Core b1 Core d1 Rebar Asvt /s
kN-m
kN
mm
mm
mm/m
3.9387 72.7703
190
310
446.92

Page | 38

Table 9: Beam reinforcement details

Beam Reinforcement Detail
Reinforcement
S.N.

Type of
beam

Tie
beam

Size of
beam

Dir

At support
Top

Bottom

Top

Bottom

X-dir

3-12R

3-12R

3-12R

3-12R

Y-dir

3-12R

3-12R

3-12R

3-12R

3-16R

2-16R

230*230

X-dir
2

Main
beam

At center

2-20E+2-16R

3-16R

230*350
Y-dir

3-16R
2-20E+2-16R

2-16R

3-16R

Page | 39

6.4

Design of Column(Ground D-3)

ETABS 2015 Concrete Frame Design
IS 456:2000 Column Section Design

Column Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Length
Level Element Section ID Combo ID Station Loc
LLRF
(mm)
Column
Story2
C10
UDCon9
0
2844.8
0.801
350*350
Section Properties
Cover (Torsion)
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm)
(mm)
350
350
65.2
28.1
Material Properties
Lt.Wt Factor
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa)
fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
(Unitless)
22360.68
27.58
1
413.69
413.69
Design Code Parameters
C
S
1.5
1.15

Design Pu
kN
928.2852

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For Pu , Mu2 , Mu3

Rebar
Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Minimum M2 Minimum M3
Area
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
mm
88.8077
100.3549
18.5657
18.5657
4254

Rebar %
%
3.47

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors

Page | 40

Major
Bend(M3)
Minor
Bend(M2)

K Factor Length
Unitless mm

Initial
Moment
kN-m

Additional
Moment
kN-m

Minimum
Moment
kN-m

3.305575 2494.8

6.339

81.7892

18.5657

1.419206 2494.8

35.5231

18.5657

Major, Vu2
Minor, Vu3

Shear Design for Vu2 , Vu3

Shear Vu Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN
kN
kN
kN
mm/m
0
126.9456 39.8653
0
389.18
58.9787 126.9456 39.8653
0
389.18
Joint Shear Check/Design
Joint Shear Shear Shear Shear
Force
VTop
Vu,Tot
Vc
kN
kN
kN
kN

Major Shear,
Vu2
Minor Shear,
Vu3

Joint
Area
cm

Shear
Ratio
Unitless

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

(1.1) Beam/Column Capacity Ratio

Major
Minor
Ratio
Ratio
N/A
N/A
Additional Moment Reduction Factor k (IS 39.7.1.1)
Ag
Asc
Puz
Pb
Pu
k
cm
cm
kN
kN
kN Unitless
2839.824 731.992 928.285
1225
42.5
0.906875
9
3
2
Additional Moment (IS 39.7.1)
Section KL/Dept KL/Dept KL/Dept
Ma
Consider Length
Depth
h
h
h
Moment (kNMa
Factor
(mm)
Ratio
Limit Exceeded
m)
Major Bending
(M3 )
Minor Bending
(M2 )

Yes

0.877

350

23.562

12

Yes

90.188

Yes

0.877

350

10.116

12

No

Page | 41

Notes:
N/A: Not Applicable
N/C: Not Calculated
N/N: Not Needed

Page | 42

Table 10: Summary of Design of Column

Grid
S.N. Location
1
A-5
2
B-3
3
B-6
4
C-2
5
C-3
6
D-1
7
D-2
8
E-1
9
E-2
10
E-3
11
E-4
12
f-1
13
G-2
14
G-3
15
H-3

Column
Size
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350
350 x 350

Ground Floor
and first floor
5-20+5-25
5-20+5-25
5-20+5-25
5-20+5-25
5-20+5-25
10-20
10-20
10-20
10-20
5-20+5-25
5-20+5-25
10-20
5-20+5-25
5-20+5-25
5-20+5-25

Second and
Third floor
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-16

Fourth Floor

Top Floor

5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12
5-16+5-12

10-12
10-12
10-12
10-12
10-12
10-12
10-12
10-12
10-12
10-12
10-12

Stirrups
8mm stirrups @

Remark

100 mm C/C (at top

and bottom) & @
150 mm C/C (at mid
height) in all
columns

10-12

Page | 43

6.5

Design of Footing

Sample Design of isolated footing (F3).

A)

Given Data
Size of column

B)

Bc =

350 mm

Dc =
Column Load (V) =

350 mm
659.54 KN

Bearing Capacity (qa) =

120 KN/m2

Grade of Concrete (fck) =

20 Mpa

Grade of Steel (fy)=

500 Mpa

Calculation of size of footing

wt. of foundation =
Total Load (P)=

65.954 KN
725.49 KN

Area of footing =
6.046 m2
*Note: Taking the ratio of width and length of footing same as that of column
dimensions
Size of footing
L=
B=
Provided (L) =
Provided (B) =

C)

m
m
m
m

Upward reaction (q') =

158.29 KN/m

Max'm B.M. =

91.46 KN-m

Calculation for depth of footing

B.M. =
depth (d)=
Provided depth (d) =

D)

2.45
2.45
2.5
2.5

0.134 fckbd2
184.73 mm
350 Mm

Check for Shear

Per. Shear Strength (c) =
0.25fck
1.118 N/mm2
a) Punching shear
depth (d)=
350 mm
Punching shear('V) =

1.01 N/mm2

Revise depth
Provided depth (d) =
350 mm
Overall Depth (D)=
400 mm
Page | 44

0.748 N/mm2
Ok
b) One way Shear (Calculation for no shear reinforcement)
depth (d) =
350 mm
Max'm S.F. =
114.76 KN
Punching shear('V) =

E)

One way Shear (v) =

Provided Ast =
=

0.328 N/mm2
0.25 %
9.29

Concrete Shear strength (c)=

0.359 N/mm2
Ok

Ast =

875 mm2

Ast =

630 mm2

Calculation for reinforcement

Ast required =
Provided, Size =
Spacing =

875 mm2
12 mm dia
125 mm c/c

904.779 mm2
Ok
Area of Steel Along width
B.M. =
91.46 KN-m

Ast Provided=

Ast =
Provided, Size =
Spacing =
Ast Provided=

F)

875 mm2
12 mm dia
125 mm c/c
905 mm2
Ok

Development Length

Bond stress(bd)=

1.920 N/mm2

Development length (Ld)=

680 mm

Available Ld along length =

1025 mm
Ok

G)

Load Transfer from Column to Footing

Nominal bearing stress in column =

4.917 N/mm2
Page | 45

Allowable bearing stress =

0.45*fck

9.000 N/mm2
Now Excess load =
0.000 kN
Area of steel required As =
0 mm2
Minimum Ast = 0.5% of column area
450 mm2
450 mm2

Thus, area of steel for dowel bars =

Now
Bar extended
Nos
5
5

dia
20
25

Ast
1570.7
2454.2

4025 mm2

Available Ast for load transfer =

Thus no additional dowel bars are required to transfer load

Additional Ast = No dowel bars are needed

Combine Footing Design

A
)

Given Data
Size of column
Bc =

Column
2

0.35

0.35

0.35
232.667

m
KN
1.524
KN/m

0.35
474.327
m

m
KN

Bearing Capacity (qa) =

120

Grade of Concrete (fck) =

20

Mpa

Grade of Steel (fy)=

500

Mpa

Calculation of size of footing

wt. of foundation =
Total Load (P)=

70.6993
777.693

KN
KN

Area of footing =

6.481

m2

C.G. of loads from center of Column1

=

1.023

Dc =
Column Load (working load)(V) =
Distance bet'n column =

B
)

Column
1

Projection Available =
C.G. of loads from outer face of

Column
1
1
2.023

m
m

Column
2
1

Page | 46

footing =
Total Footing Length ,L =
Size of footing
width of footing =
Adopted width,b =
Actual Area (A) =
Upward reaction (w) =
C
)

3.524

11.56 ft

1.839
2.000

m
m

6.034 ft
6.562 ft

6.481
163.637

m2
KN/m

Design of Slab
Based on maximun bending monent at interior
i) part
Shear force at left edge(V1)=
0
Shear force at Column1 just left (V2)= 163.637
Shear force at Column1 just right
(V3)=
-185.36
Shear force at left edge(V4)=
0
Shear force at Column2 just right
(V5)=
163.637
Shear force at Column2 just left (V6)= -547.85
Position of zero SF from left edge=
1.38528
Position of maxm BM from left edge= 1.38528
Maximum Bending moment(Mmax)=
92.2204
B.M. =
0.134
eff. depth required (d)=
200
ii) Maximum projection of slab =
0.825
Effective depth for maximum bending moment

KN
KN
KN
KN
KN
KN
m
m
KN-m
fckbd2
mm
m

Max'm B.M. =

55.688

KNm/m

B.M. =
eff. depth required (d)=

0.134
143

fckbd2
mm

Max'm S.F. =
Assumed, Ast =
=

135.001
0.200
11.61

KN
%

Shear strength of concrete(c) =

eff. depth required (d)=
eff. depth provided (d)=
Overall depth (D) =

0.326
413.804
400
450

ii) Effective depth for maximum shear force

N/mm
2

mm
mm
mm

iii
) Reinforcement
Page | 47

a) For max'm B.M.

B.M. =

55.688

KN-m

Ast =

327

mm2

(Ast )min=
b) For max'm S.F.

480

mm2

Ast =

800

mm2

Required, Ast =

800

Provided, Size =

12

Spacing =

125

mm2
mm
dia
mm
C/C

Ast Provided=

905
OK

mm2

19.003
15.836

kN-m
kN-m

0.134
83
OK

fckbd2
mm

Bottom, Ast =

480

Provided, Size =

12

Spacing =

125

mm2
mm
dia
mm
C/C

Ast Provided=

905
OK

mm2

Top, Ast =

480

Provided, Size =

12

Spacing =

125

mm2
mm
dia
mm
C/C

Ast Provided=

905
OK

iv
) Transverse Reinforcement
From Empirical Relation
Hogging Moment =
Sagging Moment =
Check for depth
B.M. =
eff. depth required (d)=
Reinforcement

mm2

V) Check for punching Shear

Page | 48

Per. Shear Strength (c)

Max'm S.F. =
Punching shear('V) =

=
0.25fc
k
711.49
0.791
OK

1.118
KN
N/mm

N/mm2

Page | 49

Table 11: Summary of Design of Footing

Footing Details
Soft Soil: Bearing Capacity = 120 KN/m2

Footing Type:

Grid Location

Isolated Footing
(F3)

Foundation Plan

Concrete Grade: M20

Thickness (in)

Steel Grade: Fe500

Reinforcement Detail

LXB (Ft-in)

Edge (d1)

Overall (D)

Both ways

E-2G-2-H-3

80X80

16

12mm @ 5" c/c

Isolated Footing
(F3)

D-1,E-1,F-1

60X60

16

12mm @ 5" c/c

Combined footing
(F2)

A-B-5,6,B-C,3,C-D,2E-3-4

60X116

16

12mm @ 5" c/c

Staircase slab

12mm @ 5" c/c

Main bar and
10mm@150mm
distribution

Page | 50

References
IS 456- 2000 Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete
IS 875-1987 Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake)
for buildings and structures
IS 1893-2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures,
IS 13920-1993 Code of practice for ductile detailing of reinforced
concrete structures subjected to seismic forces
NBC Nepal Building Code
Design of Reinforced Concrete Structure A.K. Jain
Limit State Design of Substructure- Swami sharan
ETABS manual V 13

Page | 51

STRUCTURAL DESIGN (Type B)

Building Elements

As Per Submitted
Design

Remarks

General
Building Structure Type

Frame Structure

Number of story applied for permit (in

Nos)

Number of story considered in structure

design (in Nos)

If Computer Aided Design (CAD) is used,

please State the name of the software
package

ETABS 2015

Number of story considered in structure

design provision for further extension
Total height (h) 0f structure with extension
(in m)

No.

19.82 m

NBC 101-1994 MATERIALS SPECIFICATIONS

Materials to be used in structure (tick the

listed materials that will be used in
structure element

RCC
(Reinforcement
Bar)

NBC 102-1994 UNIT WEIGHT of MATERIALS

Specified the design unit weight of
materials: Steel (In kg/m^3)

7850

Specified the design unit weight of

materials:RCC (In kg/m^3)

2500

Specified the design unit weight of

materials: Brick Masonry (In kg/m^3)

1920

NBC 103-1994 OCCUPANCY LOAD (Imposed Load)

Page | 52

For Residential Buildings

Occupancy Load (Uniformly Distributed
load in KN/m^2) for Rooms and Kitchen

Occupancy Load (Uniformly Distributed

load in kN/m^2) for Staircase

Occupancy Load (Uniformly Distributed

load in kN/m^2) for Balcony

NBC 104-1994 Wind load

Wind Zone

N/A

Basic wind speed (in m/s)

NBC 105-1994 Seismic Design of Buildings in Ne pal
Seismic
Coefficient
Approach
Method adopted for earthquake resistant design

seismic

Adopted Code for Seismic Design

IS 1893

Subsoil category

Type II (Soft)

Seismic Weight (W) (in kN)

1893

6571.66

Fundamental Time Period of the building

0.71
along X (Tx)(in Seconds)
Fundamental Time Period of the building
0.71
along Y(Ty)(in Seconds)
Response reduction factor (R)

Seismic zoning factor (Z)

0.36

Importance Factor (I)

Spectral acceleration coefficient (Sa/g) along X

2.5

Spectral acceleration coefficient (Sa/g) along Y

2.5

Page | 53

Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient

Along X (Ah)

0.06

Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient

Along Y (Ah)

0.06

Base Shear(VB) for Seismic Coefficient Along X 394.3

Base Shear(VB) for Seismic Coefficient Along Y 394.3
Base Shear Generated through dynamic
Analysis Along X (if response spectrum
method used)

N/A

Due to seismic
coefficient

Base Shear Generated through dynamic

Analysis Along Y (if response spectrum
method used)

N/A

Adopted Base Shear multiplication Factor

Along X(if response spectrum method used)

N/A

Adopted Base Shear multiplication Factor Along

Y(if response spectrum method used)
Base Shear after Scale Factor Along X
Base Shear after Scale Factor Along Y
6.34
Maximum Inter-story Drift
mm
Corresponding Story height for Maximum Inter
Story Drift (h)
NBC 106-1994 Snow Load

2.87
m
no

Snowfall type or condition

No snowfall
Elevation of construction site (in m)
Design Depth of snow (in cm)
Design Density of snow (in g/cm3)

Page | 54

NBC 107-1994 Provisional Recommendation on

Fire safety
Yes
No

no

Whether Distance of construction site from

toe/beginning of downward slope is within 50m?

Yes
No

no

Whether Distance of construction site from river

bank is within 50m?

Yes
No

no

Availability of soil test report

Yes
No

no

Are you sure that all safety measures will be

fulfilled in the construction site as per this code?

Yes
No

yes

Safety wares used

Safety hard hat

Safety goggles
Safety boots

Have you considered fire safety requirement?

NBC 108-1994 Site Consideration for Seismic
Hazards

NBC 114-1994 Construction Safety

yes

Safety belts
First aid facility
Structural Data for Framed RCC Structure
NBC 110-1994 Plain and Reinforced Concrete
M20
M25
Concrete grade in structure

Reinforcement Steel Grade

M20 for All

Fe-415
Fe-500

Fe415 for all

Slab design

Page | 55

1 short side
discontinuous
2 adjacent side
continuous

1 short side
discontinuous

Boundary condition of slab

Effective Thickness of slab (d) (in mm)

105

Is code

4490
Short span of Critical slab panel (L) (in mm)

mm
Calculated short span to effective depth ratio
42.76
(L/d) for the corresponding slab
Basic (L/d) ratio

23

Required modification factor for

reinforcement
Required
Tension
Percentage (%) for
reinforcement

tension

1.85

reinforcement
(Ast)
short span bottom 0.32

Provided
Tension
reinforcement
(Ast)
Percentage (%) for short span bottom 0.32
reinforcement
Actual Modification factor for
reinforcement

tension

1.6

Check for Critical beam

Effective depth of beam (d) (in mm)

310

Page | 56

Critical span (L) (in mm)

4970
One side
discontinuous

Support condition
Both side
continuous
Basic (L/d) ratio

23

Calculated critical span to effective depth ratio

16.03
(L/d) for corresponding slab
Check for Critical Column
Critical column height

2.870 m
350*350

Minimum size of column (mm x mm)

Yes
No

Short column effect considered or not

Minimum area

yes

of longitudinal reinforcement
1.0

Provided (%)
Design Philosophy

Limit state method

Limit state method

Load Combinations
1: DL

1.5

1: LL

1.5

2: DL

1.5

2: EQ

1.5

3: DL

1.2

3: LL

1.2

3: EQ

1.2

4: DL

0.9

4: EQ

1.5

Page | 57

Whether sample design calculations of

foundations, columns, beams and slabs are
submitted

Type of Foundations

Depth of foundation from ground level to the

1.5
bottom of footing (in m)

Yes
No

yes

Isolated &
Combined

1.5

Page | 58