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    Magnetron

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    Cholin
    1) A magnetron is an oscillator that uses crossed electric and magnetic fields to generate high power microwave output. It consists of a circular anode with resonant cavities and a central cathode. 2) Electrons emitted from the heated cathode follow circular paths in the interaction chamber between the anode and a surrounding permanent magnet, exciting the resonant cavities and producing microwave oscillations. 3) Magnetrons operate as oscillators rather than amplifiers, are highly efficient, and capable of producing very high microwave power levels for uses such as radar systems and microwave ovens.

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    Magnetron

    Uploaded by

    Cholin
    224 views3 pages
    1) A magnetron is an oscillator that uses crossed electric and magnetic fields to generate high power microwave output. It consists of a circular anode with resonant cavities and a central cathode. 2) Electrons emitted from the heated cathode follow circular paths in the interaction chamber between the anode and a surrounding permanent magnet, exciting the resonant cavities and producing microwave oscillations. 3) Magnetrons operate as oscillators rather than amplifiers, are highly efficient, and capable of producing very high microwave power levels for uses such as radar systems and microwave ovens.

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    Description, Construction, Operation, Types, Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages

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    1) A magnetron is an oscillator that uses crossed electric and magnetic fields to generate high power microwave output. It consists of a circular anode with resonant cavities and a central cathode. 2) Electrons emitted from the heated cathode follow circular paths in the interaction chamber between the anode and a surrounding permanent magnet, exciting the resonant cavities and producing microwave oscillations. 3) Magnetrons operate as oscillators rather than amplifiers, are highly efficient, and capable of producing very high microwave power levels for uses such as radar systems and microwave ovens.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    224 views3 pages

    Magnetron

    Uploaded by

    Cholin
    1) A magnetron is an oscillator that uses crossed electric and magnetic fields to generate high power microwave output. It consists of a circular anode with resonant cavities and a central cathode. 2) Electrons emitted from the heated cathode follow circular paths in the interaction chamber between the anode and a surrounding permanent magnet, exciting the resonant cavities and producing microwave oscillations. 3) Magnetrons operate as oscillators rather than amplifiers, are highly efficient, and capable of producing very high microwave power levels for uses such as radar systems and microwave ovens.

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    Borabo, Romano

    Lorenzo, Cholin
    ECE5 ECEN116

    MAGNETRON
    o A combination of a simple diode vacuum tube with built-in cavity resonators
    and an extremely powerful permanent magnet. A magnetron is an oscillator,
    not an amplifier.
    o The magnetron is classed as a diode because it has no grid. A magnetic field
    located in the space between the plate (anode) and the cathode serves as a
    grid.
    o Magnetrons are characterized by high peak power, small size, efficient
    operation and low operating voltages.
    o Magnetrons are referred to as cross-field tubes because the direction of
    electric field that accelerates the electron beam is perpendicular to the axis
    of magnetic field.
    o Magnetron is not coherent transmission source.

    PARTS
    It consists of a circular anode into which has been machined with an even
    number of resonant cavities.

    o The diameter of each cavity is equal to a one-half wavelength at the


    desired operating frequency.
    o The anode is usually made of copper and is connected to a high-
    voltage positive direct current.
    o In the center of the anode, called the interaction chamber, is a
    circular cathode that emits electrons when heated.
    o The field is usually supplied by a C-shaped permanent magnet
    centered over the interaction chamber.
    OPERATION
    o Crossed-electron and magnetic fields are used in the magnetron to
    produce the high-power output required in radar and communications
    equipment.
    o The Magnetron Tube works on Direct Current power.
    o A magnetron is an oscillator, not an amplifier
    o Magnetron theory of operation is based on the motion of electrons under
    the influence of combined electric and magnetic fields.

    MAGNETRON Klystron or a Traveling-


    wave tube (TWT)

    Operating frequency Up to 95 GHz Up to 35 GHz


    Function Oscillator amplifier
    Power Level 40 MW 50 MW
    Efficiency 40 70 % 30 70 %

    HOW DOES A MAGNETRON MAKE MICROWAVES?


    1. By properly adjusting the anode voltage and the strength of the magnetic
    field, the electrons can be made to bend such that they rarely reach the
    anode and cause current flow.
    2. The path becomes circular loops.
    3. Electrons reach the anode and cause current to flow.
    4. In making their circular passes in the interaction chamber, electrons excite
    the resonant cavities into oscillation.
    5. A magnetron, therefore, is an oscillator, not an amplifier . A takeoff loop in
    one cavity provides microwaves.
    TYPES
    o Negative resistance magnetron

    o Cyclotron frequency magnetrons

    o Cavity type magnetrons

    APPLICATIONS
    o Radar systems
    o Heating (microwave oven at 2.45 GHz)
    o Lighting (sulfur lamp)

    ADVANTAGES
    o Magnetrons are capable of developing extremely high levels of microwave
    power. (Thousands or millions of watts)
    o The magnetron is a fairly efficient device.
    o The combination of the small-cavity magnetron, small antennas, and high
    resolution allowed small, high quality radars to be installed in aircraft.

    HAZARDS OR DISADVANTAGES
    o They are costly and hence limited in use.
    o Although cavity magnetrons are used because they generate a wide range of
    frequencies, the frequency is not precisely controllable.
    o As the lens of the eye has no cooling blood flow, it is particularly prone to
    overheating when exposed to microwave radiation.
    o Electrical hazard due to high voltage power supply
    o Have beryllium oxide (beryllia) ceramic insulators (carcinogen), which are
    dangerous if crushed and inhaled.

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