General Biology

Osmosis Lab

Boonkerd, Patsakorn, Ford

Rungwatthanasophon, Daran, Pluem
Ungkananuchat, Thanawin, Fahlan
Bunwattanachotikarn, Wipada, Un-Un

Grade 10 Section 5
March 10th, 2017

Introduction

(Attach to the back)

Purpose
The purpose of this experiment was to observe the process of osmosis and how it affect the jelly and
potato in a hypotonic and hypertonic solution.

Hypothesis

1. We believe that if the jelly is placed in the concentrated salt solution, then it will
consequently go smaller than its usual size.
2. In the meantime, if the jelly is put in the distilled water, then it will get bigger
volume.
3. If a piece of potato is put in the salt water, then it will have less mass with a bit
smaller volume.
4. If a piece of potato is put in the distilled water, then it will gain more mass with a
bigger size

Material list

1. 3 Jelly pieces
2. 3 equal pieces of potato
3. Distilled water
4. Concentrated salt solution
5. 6 Beakers
6. Electronic Balance
7. Calculator
8. Knife
9. Weighing paper
10. Markers
11. Lab coat
12. Graduted cylinder

Procedure/Methods

1. Collect the materials that your group needs (3 Jelly and Half a Potato).
2. Use the knife to cut the potato into 3 equal pieces.
 3. Use the electronic balance to find the mass of your jelly. Remember to lay down a
piece of weighing paper and set to zero.
4. Record your data.
5. Record descriptive observations about the jelly prior to the experiment.
6. Measure the initial volume of the jelly and the potato in the graduated cylinder and
record your data.
7. Fill your 1st beaker with 40 ml distilled water. Put one of your jelly into the beaker.
Set the beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker using marker.
8. Fill your 2nd beaker with 40 ml concentrated salt solution. Put your 2nd jelly into that
beaker. Set beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker using marker.
9. Put your 3rd jelly into an empty beaker without putting anything in it. That should be
your control.
10. Put the 4th beaker with 40 ml distilled water. Put one of your potato pieces into the
beaker. Set the beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker.
11. Put the 5th beaker with 40 ml concentrated salt solution halfway. Put your second
potato pieces into that beaker and set it aside for an hour. Label the beaker.
12. Place your last piece of potato pieces into the last beaker, empty. That is your control
for the potato. Label the beaker.
13. Make sure you label all the beakers distilled water or concentrated salt solution
with some markers.
14. After one hour, come back and look at each of the beakers and record the data volume
and mass of both the jellies in two beaker and both the potato in two other beakers.
15. Also record the descriptive data for what the jelly and the potato look like now after
being soaker for an hour.
16. Calculate the percent change in the size of each jelly and potato.

Data Table

The data table of the volume and mass of the potato.

Potato 1 (Hypertonic) Potato 2 (Hypotonic) Potato 3 (Control)

Dimensions Before After Before After soaking Before After

 soaking soaking soaking soaking soaking

Volume 5millimetres 3millimetres 4millimetres 5millimetres - -

Mass 4.75grams 3.75grams 4.555grams 5.18grams 5.235grams -

The data table of the volume and mass of the jelly.

Jelly 1 (Hypertonic) Jelly 2 (Hypotonic) Jelly 3 (Control)

Dimensions Before After Before After Before After

soaking soaking soaking soaking soaking soaking

Volume 4millimetres 4millimetres 3millimetres 5millimetres - -

Mass 5.055grams 5.155grams 5.095grams 6.765grams 5.075grams -

The data table of description of the potato.

Potato 1 (Hypertonic) Potato 2 (Hypotonic)

Descriptive Observation Before Descriptive Observation Before

Soaking in Distilled Water: Soaking in Salt Water:

Cube potato Cube potato

Yellow Color Yellow Color
Hard Hard
Descriptive Observation After Descriptive Observation After
Soaking in Distilled Water: Soaking in Salt Water:

Soft Still hard

Smaller Bigger
More yellow Lighter yellow

The data table of description of the jelly.

Jelly 1 (Hypertonic) Jelly 2 (Hypotonic)

Descriptive Observation Before Descriptive Observation Before

Soaking in Distilled Water: Soaking in Salt Water:

Semi-sphere Semi-sphere
Purple colors Purple colors
Grape smells Grape smells
Soft and squishy Soft and squishy
sticky sticky

Descriptive Observation After Descriptive Observation After

Soaking in Distilled Water: Soaking in Salt Water:

Semi-sphere Semi-sphere
Rough Rough
Purple colors Purple colors
Smaller Bigger

The data table of percent changes of the potato.

Potato 1 (Hypertonic) Potato 2 (Hypotonic)

Percent -40% 30%

Change in
Volume

Percent -22% 10%

Change in
Mass
 The data table of percent changes of the jelly.

Jelly 1 (Hypertonic) Jelly 2 (Hypotonic)

Percent 0% 66.66%
Change in
Volume

Percent 2% 33%
Change in
Mass

Bar graph
The result pictures of the experiment.
Analyzing Results

As a consequence, after the potato was tested in both hypotonic and

hypertonic, the colour, mass and volume were totally changed in different ways. In the
hypotonic environment, the potato, considered to be hypertonic, has the increasing of
percentage change. The mass shifted from 4.55 grams to 5.18 grams, the volume
increased from 4 millimetres to 5 millimetres, and the colour of potato becomes
lighter. In the meantime, the potato which was put in the hypertonic situation, made
the dissimilar changes. Rather than getting increases, the volume tremendously
diminished from 5 millimetres to 4 millimetres and the mass was from 4.75 grams to
3.7 grams. These results have been discovered and related to the scientific fact. The
water(hypotonic) has moved into the potato(hypertonic) via cell membrane, causing
potato to be bigger and heavier unlike the potato in salt solution. This means the
water moved from an area of high to low water concentration or to the side with more
solute. This osmosis also moved in the passive way which does not use any energy.

On the other hand, we not only experimented the differences between potato
in hypotonic and hypertonic but also jelly. The outcome of jelly in hypotonic
environment was identical to the potato in hypotonic environment since the
measurement of its increased. The mass moved up from 5.09 grams to 6.76 grams and
volume was from 3 millimetres to 5 millimetres. This means that the cells in jelly
swelled, having a bigger size. In contrast to our hypothesis, the jelly in salt solution
has no difference in both mass and volume. In assumption, the concentration in jelly
and outside are same which means isotonic. Both of them have same solute and
solvent; therefore the cell does not either shrink or swell.

Conclusion
The potato piece has shrink in the hypertonic solution, so it is able to conclude that the water
has osmosis out of it. While in the hypotonic solution the potato grew so it can be said that
the potato absorbed the through osmosis. On the other hand the jelly in hypotonic solution
also grows like the potato,so it also has absorbed the water. But the jelly in hypertonic
solution however has shrunken very little almost as if it stayed the same. So it can be said that
the concentration of water in the solution and jelly is almost isotonic.
Worklog

Patsakorn B. Make bar graph

Record some data
Did osmosis lab

Daran R. -record the data before the experiement

-record the data after the experiment
-calculate the changes based on the result
- prepared and cleaned up the materials
-did the section C and D on the worksheet
-wrote the hypothesis
-wrote the analyzing result of the project

Thanawin U. Material list, Procedure/method, Data table E and F, Conclusion,

Purpose, Minor correction

Wipada B. - did some parts of the lab report which were

possible such as purpose, hypothesis, method and
ingredients
- did the flowchart for the lab on Thursday 2 nd
- did the Osmosis Lab, Wipada was the data
recorder.
- did the data table and collect all the information
while we were doing and after doing the lab
- organized the lab report and did the data table A
and B

References

(Attach to the back)