Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 689 views

    Data Processing Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Akash Kumar
    The document describes the data processing cycle, which involves 3 steps: 1) Input - collecting and verifying data, coding it, and storing it; 2) Processing - classifying, sorting, calculating, and summarizing the data; 3) Output - retrieving, converting, and communicating the processed information. The goal of data processing is to convert raw data into useful information by manipulating it through these steps until the desired results are achieved.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Data Processing Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Akash Kumar
    689 views12 pages
    The document describes the data processing cycle, which involves 3 steps: 1) Input - collecting and verifying data, coding it, and storing it; 2) Processing - classifying, sorting, calculating, and summarizing the data; 3) Output - retrieving, converting, and communicating the processed information. The goal of data processing is to convert raw data into useful information by manipulating it through these steps until the desired results are achieved.

    Original Description:

    Data processing cycle

    Original Title

    2. Data Processing Cycle

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document describes the data processing cycle, which involves 3 steps: 1) Input - collecting and verifying data, coding it, and storing it; 2) Processing - classifying, sorting, calculating, and summarizing the data; 3) Output - retrieving, converting, and communicating the processed information. The goal of data processing is to convert raw data into useful information by manipulating it through these steps until the desired results are achieved.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    689 views12 pages

    Data Processing Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Akash Kumar
    The document describes the data processing cycle, which involves 3 steps: 1) Input - collecting and verifying data, coding it, and storing it; 2) Processing - classifying, sorting, calculating, and summarizing the data; 3) Output - retrieving, converting, and communicating the processed information. The goal of data processing is to convert raw data into useful information by manipulating it through these steps until the desired results are achieved.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 12

    Data Processing Cycle

    INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS AND C++ PROGRAMMING


    ENGR. JOKHIO SULTAN SALAHUDDIN KOHISTANI
    Data
    Plural of Datum (Latin Language)
    Collection of facts & figures
    Raw material to be processed by a computer.
    Example: Names of students, marks obtained in the examination,
    designation of employees, addresses, quantity, rate, sales figures or
    anything that is input to the computer is data. Even pictures,
    photographs, drawings, charts and maps can be treated as data.
    Computer processes the data and produces the output or result
    Information
    A collection of data which conveys some meaningful idea is
    information. It may provide answers to questions like who, which,
    when, why, what, and how.
    The raw input is data and it has no significance when it exists in that
    form. When data is collated or organized into something meaningful,
    it gains significance. This meaningful organization is information.
    Observations and recordings are done to obtain data, while analysis
    is done to obtain information.
    Data Processing
    Any operation or set of operations performed upon data, whether or
    not by automatic means, such as collection, recording, organization,
    storage, adaptation or alteration to convert it into useful
    information.

    Once data is collected, it is processed to convert it into useful


    information. The data is processed again and again until the accurate
    result is achieved. This is called data processing cycle.
    The Data Processing Cycle
    Data Processing Cycle
    The data processing is very important activity and involves very careful
    planning. Usually, data processing activity involves three basic activities.
    1. Input
    2. Processing
    3. Output
    Data Processing Cycle : Step-1
    1. Input
    It is the process through which collected data is transformed into a form
    that computer can understand. It is very important step because correct output
    result totally depends on the input data. In input step, following activities can be
    performed.
    i) Verification
    The collected data is verified to determine whether it is correct as
    required. For example, the collected data of all B.E. students that appeared in
    final examination of the university is verified. If errors occur in collected data,
    data is corrected or it is collected again.
    Data Processing Cycle : Step-1
    ii) Coding
    The verified data is coded or converted into machine readable form so
    that it can be processed through computer.
    iii) Storing
    The data is stored on the secondary storage into a file. The stored data on
    the storage media will be given to the program as input for processing.
    Data Processing Cycle : Step-2
    2.Processing
    The term processing denotes the actual data manipulation techniques such as
    classifying, sorting, calculating, summarizing, comparing, etc. that
    convert data into information.

    i) Classification
    The data is classified into different groups and subgroups, so that each group or
    sub-group of data can be handled separately.
    ii) Sorting
    The data is arranged into an order so that it can be accessed very quickly as and
    when required.
    Data Processing Cycle : Step-2
    iii) Calculations
    The arithmetic operations are performed on the numeric data to get the required
    results. For example, total marks of each student are calculated.
    iv) Summarizing
    The data is processed to represent it in a summarized form. It means that the
    summary of data is prepared for top management. For example, the summary of
    the data of student is prepared to show the percentage of pass and fail student
    examination etc.
    Data Processing Cycle : Step - 3
    3. Output
    After completing the processing step, output is generated. The main
    purpose of data processing is to get the required result. Mostly, the output is
    stored on the storage media for later user. In output step, following activities can
    be performed.
    i) Retrieval
    Output stored on the storage media can be retrieved at any time. For
    example, result of students is prepared and stored on the disk. This result can be
    retrieved when required for different purposes.
    Data Processing Cycle : Step - 3
    ii) Conversion
    The generated output can be converted into different forms. For example,
    it can be represented into graphical form.
    iii) Communication
    The generated output is sent to different places. For example, weather
    forecast is prepared and sent to different agencies and newspapers etc. where it
    is required.

    You might also like