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    Tutorial 3: Grounding: EMF 4076: Electromagnetic Interference

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    Samantha White
    1. Placing a dedicated ground wire close to a signal wire will force most of the signal current to return through the ground wire, reducing interference. Calculations are provided to determine the percentage of return current through common grounds with different mutual inductance values. 2. For a power distribution circuit, the maximum voltage change with and without a decoupling capacitor is calculated. The required capacitor value to limit voltage change to 0.01V is determined. An L-network filter is proposed to overcome limitations of an RC filter, with calculations of component values. 3. The relative magnitude of ground noise coupled into a differential amplifier is calculated based on circuit resistances and a ground voltage.

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    Tutorial 3: Grounding: EMF 4076: Electromagnetic Interference

    Uploaded by

    Samantha White
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    1. Placing a dedicated ground wire close to a signal wire will force most of the signal current to return through the ground wire, reducing interference. Calculations are provided to determine the percentage of return current through common grounds with different mutual inductance values. 2. For a power distribution circuit, the maximum voltage change with and without a decoupling capacitor is calculated. The required capacitor value to limit voltage change to 0.01V is determined. An L-network filter is proposed to overcome limitations of an RC filter, with calculations of component values. 3. The relative magnitude of ground noise coupled into a differential amplifier is calculated based on circuit resistances and a ground voltage.

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    1. Placing a dedicated ground wire close to a signal wire will force most of the signal current to return through the ground wire, reducing interference. Calculations are provided to determine the percentage of return current through common grounds with different mutual inductance values. 2. For a power distribution circuit, the maximum voltage change with and without a decoupling capacitor is calculated. The required capacitor value to limit voltage change to 0.01V is determined. An L-network filter is proposed to overcome limitations of an RC filter, with calculations of component values. 3. The relative magnitude of ground noise coupled into a differential amplifier is calculated based on circuit resistances and a ground voltage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    17 views3 pages

    Tutorial 3: Grounding: EMF 4076: Electromagnetic Interference

    Uploaded by

    Samantha White
    1. Placing a dedicated ground wire close to a signal wire will force most of the signal current to return through the ground wire, reducing interference. Calculations are provided to determine the percentage of return current through common grounds with different mutual inductance values. 2. For a power distribution circuit, the maximum voltage change with and without a decoupling capacitor is calculated. The required capacitor value to limit voltage change to 0.01V is determined. An L-network filter is proposed to overcome limitations of an RC filter, with calculations of component values. 3. The relative magnitude of ground noise coupled into a differential amplifier is calculated based on circuit resistances and a ground voltage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
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    EMF 4076: Electromagnetic Interference

    Tutorial 3: Grounding

    1. Placing a dedicated ground wire close to a signal wire will force most of the signal
    current to return to the source through the dedicated ground wire. In order to
    illustrate this important point, consider a signal source that is connected to the load
    resistor using a pair of wires as in Figure Q1. The mutual inductance between the two
    wires increases when they are placed closer together. A common ground-wire exists in
    the electronic system. Calculate the percentage of return current diverted through the
    common ground for values of M = 140 nH (close spacing), M = 50 nH (moderate
    spacing), and M = 0 (very wide spacing).

    1k 150 nH

    +
    v in M 1k
    -
    150 nH
    common
    ground 150 nH

    Figure Q1

    2. a) A load is connected to the end of a power distribution bus, and the Thevenin
    equivalent circuit is shown in Figure Q2a. The length of the bus 30 cm and the
    propagation velocity is 40% of the speed of light. Let Zo = 10 ohm, and let IT be a step
    function equal to 100 mA. Find the maximum change in VL for Cd=0.01 F and Cd=0.
    What is the required value for Cd in order to limit the change in VL to 0.01 V?

    Z o

    V s +Z I
    o L V L
    C d IT IL

    Figure Q2a

    b) If decoupling capacitor provides insufficient suppression, additional L-network filter is


    applied in to the circuit as shown in Figure Q2b. Given Cd = 0.1uF, calculate

    Chapter 3: Grounding
    EMF 4076: Electromagnetic Interference

    i) Resistance of Rd if the required Low-pass cut-off frequency fH is 20 kHz.


    ii) What is the limitation of this RCnetwork filter? Suggest a replacement L-network
    filter to overcome the limitation of RC-network filter and its appropriate value.

    Figure Q2b

    3. For the circuit in Figure Q3, calculate the relative magnitude (in dB) of the ground
    noise coupled into the differential amplifier with respect to the signal voltage V S when
    Rin is 100 k.

    1
    E1
    1 k
    Rin

    VS=10mV Rin
    1

    E2

    Vg=1V
    Figure Q3

    4. Use the appropriate diagrams to explain the differences between single-point and multi-
    point grounding schemes. Give the merits and demerits of each grounding system.

    5. A ground loop occurs when there is more than one ground connection path between two
    pieces of equipment as depicted in Figure Q5. The duplicate ground paths form the
    equivalent of a loop antenna which very efficiently picks up interference currents. With aid
    of diagram, suggest three ground loop elimination techniques.

    Chapter 3: Grounding
    EMF 4076: Electromagnetic Interference

    Fig Q5

    6. In the design of a complex electronic system, it is important to classify the circuits into a
    few types. Circuits of the same type can be grouped together, and different circuit groups
    shall be placed in separate spaces of a printed-circuit board (PCB) so that the mutual
    interference can be controlled. In this respect, name five general types of circuits.

    Chapter 3: Grounding

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