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    Prussian Blue Is A Coordination Compound Containing Both Iron (II)

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    Bin Hayan
    • Prussian blue is a coordination compound containing both iron (II) and iron (III) linked together by cyanide ligands (KFe[Fe (CN)6]). It was discovered in 1704 by Diesbach and gets its name from the fact that it was used to dye the uniforms of the Prussian army a deep blue color. It has been used by artists as a pigment in paintings from the mid-eighteenth century until the early 1900s. Prussian blue has also been used in cyanotype photography,blueprints, and blue jeans.

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    Prussian Blue Is A Coordination Compound Containing Both Iron (II)

    Uploaded by

    Bin Hayan
    116 views5 pages
    • Prussian blue is a coordination compound containing both iron (II) and iron (III) linked together by cyanide ligands (KFe[Fe (CN)6]). It was discovered in 1704 by Diesbach and gets its name from the fact that it was used to dye the uniforms of the Prussian army a deep blue color. It has been used by artists as a pigment in paintings from the mid-eighteenth century until the early 1900s. Prussian blue has also been used in cyanotype photography,blueprints, and blue jeans.

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    Coordination Compounds

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    • Prussian blue is a coordination compound containing both iron (II) and iron (III) linked together by cyanide ligands (KFe[Fe (CN)6]). It was discovered in 1704 by Diesbach and gets its name from the fact that it was used to dye the uniforms of the Prussian army a deep blue color. It has been used by artists as a pigment in paintings from the mid-eighteenth century until the early 1900s. Prussian blue has also been used in cyanotype photography,blueprints, and blue jeans.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    116 views5 pages

    Prussian Blue Is A Coordination Compound Containing Both Iron (II)

    Uploaded by

    Bin Hayan
    • Prussian blue is a coordination compound containing both iron (II) and iron (III) linked together by cyanide ligands (KFe[Fe (CN)6]). It was discovered in 1704 by Diesbach and gets its name from the fact that it was used to dye the uniforms of the Prussian army a deep blue color. It has been used by artists as a pigment in paintings from the mid-eighteenth century until the early 1900s. Prussian blue has also been used in cyanotype photography,blueprints, and blue jeans.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Prussian blue is a coordination compound containing both iron (II)

    and iron (III) linked together by cyanide ligands (KFe[Fe (CN)6]). It


    was discovered in 1704 by Diesbach and gets its name from the
    fact that it was used to dye the uniforms of the Prussian army a
    deep blue color. It has been used by artists as a pigment in
    paintings from the mid-eighteenth century until the early 1900s.
    Prussian blue has also been used in cyanotype
    photography,blueprints, and blue jeans.
    The bright yellow dye aureolin, or cobalt yellow, has been in use
    as a pigment since 1831. Its chemical formula is K 3[Co(NO2)6].6H2O.

    Alizarin red is an aluminum lake dye derived from the roots of the
    madder plant. It was used in both ancient Persia and Egypt, as well
    as by the Greeks and the Romans. Alexander the Great might have
    once used the dye to make bloody splotches on his soldiers
    uniforms in order to encourage the Persians to attack what they
    believed was a demoralized army. The French and British military
    have also used alizarin on their uniforms. When Paul Revere said
    that the redcoats are coming, he was referring to the bright red
    color of the uniforms of the colonial British soldiers. Today, the
    alizarin red dye is used as a stain in histology.

    1
    2
    The word ligand comes from the Latin ligare, meaning to bind.
    Ligands are also called complexing agents.
    A coordinate-covalent bond or commonly called coordinate bond,
    also sometimes called a dative bond.
    we have known that each bond consists of two electrons, therefor
    arguably that the coordinate bond is special type of the covalent
    bonding
    The coordinate bond often represented as (M :L).
    A coordination compound is a Lewis acidbase adduct (how?).
    Elements in the f-block, the so-called lanthanides and actinides,
    have been in the past called inner transition metals. Nowadays,
    they are more often referred to as f-block elements.
    3

    6. Coordination Chemistry
    Many metal ions form aggregate with Lewis bases which are stable in
    solution, such species are known as coordination compounds or complex
    compounds. A complex may be positive ion, a negative ion or even
    neutral. It depends upon the charge of the metal ion and the donor.
    Example,

    [Co(NH3)6]+3, O.N.of cobalt is +3 and NH3 is neutral.

    [Fe(CH6]4, O.N. of iron is Fe2+ and cyanide ion (CN) is


    uninegative

    [Cu(H2NCH2OO)2], O.N. of copper is +2 and glycinate ion is


    uninegative.

    Complex compound are made by chemical species which have independent


    existence, such as Co+3, Fe3+, Cu2+, NH3 CN etc. Thus, complexes are chemical
    compounds which contain a metal ion, surrounded by Lewis bases and the
    aggregate retain its identity in solution. Lewis bases which form complexes are
    known as Ligands (G, ligare to bind).

    COORDINATION NUMBER
    The number of ligands surrounding a metal ion is coordination number of the
    metal ion. In case of polydentate ligands the number of coordinating centres
    determine coordination number. For example, ethylene diamine, a bidentate
    ligand, satisfies two coordination position.
    .Most common coordination numbers found are 4 and 6

    Table 6.1

    Complex Coordination number


    4

    [Ag(NH3)2]+ 2

    [Cu(NH3)4]+2 4

    [Fe(CN)6]4 6

    [CoCl4]2 4

    Types of Ligands
    Lewis bases which form complexes are known as Ligands (G., ligare to bind).
    :They are classified as

    1. Monodentate

    Ligands which donate one electron pair to Mn+ are called monodentate. Example,
    F, Cl, NH3, H2O, HO

    2. Bidentate

    Those ligands which can donate two electron pairs to M n+, are known as bidentate.
    These are most common.

    3. Polydentate

    These include tri, tetra, penta, hexadentate ligands. One very useful hexadentate
    ligand is ethylene diamine tetracetate (EDTA).

    Chelates
    5
    Complexs having ring structure are known as chelates. Thus polydentate ligands
    form chelates, [Co(en)2 Cl2], [Cr(en)3]3+ [Ni(en)3]2+.

    Figure 6.1

    This chelate contains five membered ring structures. Chelates are more stable than
    non-chelated complexes (i.e., having no ring structure). This is known as Chelate
    Effect. Thus, [Ni(en)3]2+ > > > [Ni(NH3)6]2+, inspite of the fact that both complex
    contain equal number of Ni N bonds. Metalloenzymes are chelates.

    Conditions for complex formation

    A complex contains Mn+ acceptor and ligands are electron pair donors. Metal ions
    which satisfy the following conditions form complexes easily:

    1. Metal ion should have high charge density,


    Charge density = Charge/Radius
    Thus, small metal ions form complexes easily.
    2. Metal ion should have vacant orbitals of comparable energy in the valence shell.

    Non-transition metals form a few complexes whereas transition metals


    form variety of complexes. The valence orbitals of transition metals can be
    recognized as:

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