DESIGN OF BIOGAS PLANT FROM KITCHEN WASTE

B. E. Project Report
Submitted to North Maharashtra University,
Jalgaon in Partial Fulfillment of
The Requirements for the Degree
of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
CIVIL ENGINEERING.

BY
SHUBHAM S. PATIL
AAVESH R. DHOLE
VISHAL R. JOSHI
SAGAR S. NANDAGAWALI
MAYUR R. MANORE

Guide
PROF. V. T. PATIL

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, JALGAON 425002
MAY 2017
 GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, JALGAON 425002
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled, DESIGN OF BIOGAS PLANT FROM
KITCHEN WASTE , which is being submitted here with for the award of B.E., is the result
of the work completed by SHUBHAM S. PATIL, AAVESH R. DHOLE, VISHAL R.
JOSHI, SAGAR S. NANDAGAWALI, MAYUR R. MANORE, under my supervision and
guidance within the four walls of the institute and the same has not been submitted elsewhere
for the award of any degree.

(V. T. Patil) (Dr. S. S. Pusadkar)

Assist. Prof. in Civil Engg. Head of Civil Engg. Department
Guide

(Dr. R. P. Borkar)
Principal Examiner

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project entitled, DESIGN OF BIOGAS PLANT FROM
KITCHEN WASTE was carried out and written by me under the guidance of Prof. V. T.
Patil, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Govt. College of Engineering,
Jalgaon. This work has not been previously formed the basis for the award of any degree or
diploma or certificate nor has been submitted elsewhere for the award of any degree.

Place: Jalgaon SHUBHAM S. PATIL

Date: AAVESH R. DHOLE
VISHAL R. JOSHI
SAGAR S. NANDAGAWALI
MAYUR R. MANORE

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At the outset, I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude to my guide Prof. V. T. Patil and
Dr. R. P. Borkar, Principal of Govt. College of Engineering, Jalgaon for the grateful efforts
to inoculate in me & his direction encouraged me to complete this project report & only due to
his illuminating supervision, it became possible for me to study the whole process in detail.

My sincere thanks to Dr. S. S. Pusadkar, Head of Civil Engineering Department and the entire
staff member from Civil Department and my friends. I am very much thankful to them for
inspiring me towards ensuring & retaining the quality of project report.

Place: Jalgaon SHUBHAM S. PATIL

Date: AAVESH R. DHOLE
VISHAL R. JOSHI
SAGAR S. NANDAGAWALI
MAYUR R. MANORE

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 ABSTRACT

In our institute we have three hostels and there are two messes, where daily a large amount of
kitchen waste is obtained which can be utilized for better purposes. Biogas production requires
Anaerobic digestion. Project was to create an Organic Processing Facility to create biogas
which will be more cost effective, eco-friendly, cut down on landfill waste, generate a high-
quality renewable fuel, and reduce carbon dioxide & methane emissions. Overall by creating a
biogas reactors on campus in the backyard of our hostels, will be beneficial. Kitchen (food
waste) was collected from different hostels of Government College Of Engineering, Jalgaon
mess as feedstock for our reactor which works as anaerobic digester system to produce biogas
energy. The anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste produces biogas, a valuable energy resource
Anaerobic digestion is a microbial process for production of biogas, which consist of Primarily
methane (CH4) & carbon dioxide (CO2). Biogas can be used as energy source and also for
numerous purposes. But, any possible application requires knowledge & information about the
composition and quantity of constituents in the biogas produced. The continuously-fed digester
requires addition of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to maintain the alkalinity and pH to 7. For this
reactor we have prepared our Inoculum than we installed batch reactors, to which inoculum of
previous cow dung slurry along with the kitchen waste was added to develop our own
Inoculum. A combination of these mixed inoculum was used for biogas production at 37C in
laboratory (small scale) reactor (20L capacity) In our study, the production of biogas and
methane is done from the starch-rich and sugary material and is determined at laboratory scale
using the simple digesters.

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 CONTENTS

Chapter Title Page No

No

Certificate ii
Declaration iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
List of Tables viii
List of Figures ix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Necessity Of Biogas Plant 2
1.2 Global Development 3
1.3 Biogas 9
1.4 Characteristic 10
1.5 Properties 10
1.6 Features 11
1.7 Factors Affecting Yield And Production 12
1.8 Benefits 12
1.9 Anaerobic Digestion 13
1.10 Classification 15
1.11 Factors involved 19
1.12 Uses 23
1.13 Advantages 25
1.14 Disadvantages 26
2 Literature Review 27
3 Methodology 31
3.1 Composition of Kitchen Waste 31
3.2 Flowchart For Bio-Degradation 32
3.3 Plan of Bio degradation 33
3.4 Precautions While Collecting Sample 33
4 Results and Discussion 35
4.1 Experimental Procedure 35

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 4.2 Calculation of Methane Content 41
4.3 Integrated Anaerobic Digestion and 43
Composting
5 Conclusions 47
6 References 48

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 LIST OF TABLES
Sr. No. Table No. Name of Table Page No.
1 1.1 Composition of Biogas 10

2 1.2 General Features of Biogas 12

3 4.1 Sample Collection 36
4 4.2 The compositions of the slurries 37
5 4.3 Measurement of Balloon Diameter of Experiment 37
1 in cm
6 4.4 Measurement of Balloon Diameter of experiment 38
2 in cm
7 4.5 RESULTS (for experiment 3) 40
8 4.6 Composition of Biogas observed by syringe 41
method as

9 4.7 Comparison 43

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 LIST OF FIGURES
Sr. No. Fig. No. Name of Figure Page No.
1 1.1 Simple sketch of household biogas plant 8
2 1.2 Anaerobic Digester in Biogas Plant 13
3 1.3 Batch type digester 16
4 1.4 Continuous type Digester 17
5 1.5 Fixed dome type digester 17
6 1.6 Floating drum type digester 18
7 1.7 Balloon type digester 18
8 1.8 Applications of Biogas 24
9 3.1 Composition of Kitchen Waste 32
10 3.2 Flow Diagram of Biogas Degradation 32
11 4.1 Different proportioned biomass slurry in 1 liter 36
bottle
12 4.2 Diameter of Balloons 38
13 4.3 Diameter of Balloons in cm 39

14 4.4 Biomass slurry tank of 20 liter 40

15 4.5 Inputs and outputs for integrated Anaerobic Digester 44
and Composting system

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