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GM-1925 Fixture Standards 2013 0 General Motors Corporation


Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
Foreword

The GM Fixture Standards for Suppliers of Production Material was developed to


establish common GM Supplier PPAP checking fixture standards worldwide.
Previously, fixture standards existed at the divisional or unit level only.

In 1996, a development team was formed which included representatives from GM


Truck, Mid/Lux, and the Small Car Group. In addition, the development process
included collaboration with Saturn, GM Powertrain, and GM Canada Group.

In March 2005 the GM Fixture Standards for Suppliers of Production Material GM


1925 manual was revised. The revisions contained in this March 2005 printing are the
result of collaboration from representatives from GM NAVO APQP, GM NAVO Fixture
Engineering, and GM Dimensional Engineering.

In March 2007 the GM Fixture Standards for Suppliers of Production Material GM


1925 manual was revised. The revisions contained in this printing have been reviewed
and agreed upon by the GM NAVO Supplier Quality Gage Group.

In February 2008 the GM Fixture Standards for Suppliers of Production Material


GM 1925 manual was revised. The revisions contained in this printing have been
reviewed and agreed upon by the GM NAVO Supplier Quality Gage Group.

In November 2013 the GM Fixture Standards for Suppliers of Production Material


GM 1925 manual was revised. The revisions contained in this publication are the
result of collaboration from representatives from GM Supplier Quality and GMNA
Dimensional Engineering and have been approved by the GM SQ Global Process
Team.

GM-1925 Fixture Standards 2013 1 General Motors Corporation


Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
Table of Contents

Subject Page

I. Preface 04

II. Part Supplier Responsibilities 05

III. Design Concept 06

IV. Concept Approval 08

V. Design Requirements 09

VI. Build Requirements 13

VII. Certification Requirements 15

VIII. Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility 16


Requirements

IX. Gage Final Approval 17


X. Maintenance Requirements 17

XI. Glossary 17

GM Gage Design Approval Checklist 19


Appendix A

GM Gage Build Approval Checklist 19


GM-1925 Fixture Standards 2013 2 General Motors Corporation
Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
Appendix B

GM Gage Concept Approval Checklist 19


Appendix C

Operation Description Sheet (ODS) 19

Operation Description Sheet (ODS) Example 20

Gage/Checking Fixture Types Noun Names 20

This manual supersedes the following documents:

Truck & Bus Checking Fixture/Gage Standards (T&B 391), December, 1989.

MID/LUX Part Fixturing Design/Build Standards, April, 1996.

1925 Fixture Standards March 2005 thru February 2008

GM-1925 Fixture Standards 2013 3 General Motors Corporation


Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
GM Fixture Standards
I. Preface

A. Introduction

In accordance with The Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), The


Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP) Manual, and The Production
Part Approval Process (PPAP), part suppliers will obtain fixtures (if and
when required) to monitor their product as part of their quality plan.

Production part suppliers shall utilize this manual in addition to their own
standards and minimum requirements when quoting, designing, and
building fixtures for General Motors purchased parts.

The GM Supplier Quality Engineer reserves the right, with engineering


approval, to modify the gage standards (including Geometric
Dimensioning and Tolerancing and measurement points). The GM
Supplier Quality Engineer will obtain direction and approval from GM
Dimensional Engineering prior to the modification of these standards.
The GM Supplier Quality Engineer is also required to procure the
appropriate supporting documentation for these modifications (e.g., EWO,
marked drawings approved by engineering, etc.).

B. Scope

The GM Fixture Standards summarize the minimum requirements that


apply to all GM suppliers PPAP checking fixtures worldwide. All GM
suppliers must ensure that their sub-suppliers are also meeting these
minimum requirements.

This manual exists to provide a uniform process for the procurement of


PPAP checking fixtures, suppliers shall incorporate these standards into
their in-process and / or sub-assembly gaging.

In addition to these standards, the following manuals must be utilized


where applicable:

The GM P.E.D.-114 Checking Fixture/Gage Standards Manual


(tolerances listed in the GM1925 document supersedes tolerances
listed in the P.E.D.-114)

Assembly Gage Definitions


GM-1925 Fixture Standards 2013 4 General Motors Corporation
Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
Phase 1 Gage:
Production intent, gage with datums and hold downs present. Suitable
for use as a holding fixture for scanning or CMM data generation to
support builds through M1

Phase 2 Gage:
Production gage Phase 1 gage plus all measurement ports, check
rails, etc. to support data needs from M2 builds through production
and beyond
Pull Ahead Gage:
A production intent gage brought forward in time to support PPO for
IVER builds

II. Part Supplier Responsibilities

A. When fixtures are required, the part supplier is directly responsible for all
elements of the fixture procurement process. In addition, the part supplier
shall document all relevant activity. Due to the varying complexity of
component parts covered under this document, the supplier must contact
the procuring unit to determine the appropriate extent of the GM SQEs
involvement.

B. The Supplier shall ensure that the following apply to all fixtures:

1. They are procured in a timely manner to meet program timing


objectives, including GP-11, where applicable.

2. They must agree with functional part usage.

3. They must comply with part Geometric Dimensioning and


Tolerancing (GD&T) by honoring the datum scheme.
3.1 NOTE: SUPPLIER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR VERIFYING
IF MULTIPLE ATTACHING SCHEMES ARE REQUIRED
(Ex. WITH / WITHOUT FASTENERS)

5. They are required to have variable data collection devices for all
dimensional critical measurement points (PQCs). For critical
measurement points, the variable data collection device positioning
details (SPC ports) must be hard attached to the fixture. The
variable data collection devices must be capable of meeting all
AIAG Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) requirements.

6. They must include the ability to discriminate part variation from


nominal.
GM-1925 Fixture Standards 2013 5 General Motors Corporation
Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
C. In accordance with TS-16949 Global Quality Certification Standards, the
supplier shall establish and maintain documented procedures for
measuring equipment control. This documentation should include:

1. A dimensional inspection report. The use of a Coordinate


Measuring Machine (CMM) is preferred.
2. Documentation of engineering changes.
3. A Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility study.
4. A math base UG compatible fixture design.

The supplier shall maintain the change columns of both the fixture design
and the fixture. The change column shall reflect the latest production
design level whether the fixture has been affected or not.

The supplier is expected to resolve design problems in a timely manner.


The design and construction source is responsible for immediate
notification that a problem exists. Any revision that changes the original
fixture cost must be approved by GM Purchasing.

III. Design Concept

A. Prior to starting a fixture design, a preliminary design concept meeting


shall be held. Core members expected to participate include the
following: the GM Supplier Quality Engineer, the suppliers Engineer and
the fixture design/construction source representative, GM Design Release
Engineer (DRE), Dimensional Systems Engineer (DSE), and Gage
Process Specialist. Other members may include the Matching Engineer
and the GM manufacturing plant representative if applicable.

B. The design concept shall consist of an electronic sketch and or a written


description of the fixture with sufficient detail in order that the fixture
design process can proceed. The design concept should not be as
detailed as a complete design, but it should include the following
information:

1. The part position in relationship to the fixture base. In body


position is standard. However, other orientations may be
appropriate to maximize part/fixture usage with the approval of the
GM Supplier Quality Engineer. 90 degree increments are
recommended. However it may deviate based on measurement
accessibility. Design must include ability to all requirements
including back side requirements.

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2. A datum strategy which represents the specified Geometric
Dimensioning and Tolerancing which may require multiple
attaching schemes.

3. Details and devices for supporting the part (risers, datums targets).

4. Proposed clamping techniques must be identified as defined within


the GD&T. (Measuring with
or without clips, clamping)

5. Details and devices for inspection of features such as:

Measurement points
Feature lines
Functional holes
Historic (lessons learned) areas of high process variability
For attribute check details on interior and exterior trim parts, the
use of scribe lines or tolerance bands (check rails) are an
acceptable method for part evaluation.

6. Acceptable construction materials based on fixture usage and


environment to ensure functionality, repeatability, and
reproducibility throughout the length of the part program.

Selection of Build Materials


When selecting build materials for fixture/gage checking surfaces,
the Supplier should consider:
Cost
Durability requirements based on fixture use and conditions
Construction methods
Shape and area of checking surface on fixtures
Environmental conditions
Weight limitations of apply-type checking fixtures
Robustness to maintain Dimensional Integrity during
machining and the life cycle of the program.

Unless the Supplier Quality Engineer instructs otherwise, the


design source will adhere to the following material requirements:

Use steel or aluminum for risers, support members and


brackets of N/C machined fixtures and checking details, this
decision should in part, be based on the following factors:
vehicle volumes, material cost, structural requirements,
weight, ability to machine and corrosion resistance.
Base setup pad requirement s, flatness .01mm per 100mm
square, maximum. NOT TO EXCEED +/-.13mm over all
flatness.
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Use lightweight materials for hand apply fixtures
All material must have the Supplier Quality Engineers
approval

7. Mating or adjacent part representations or features where


applicable, duplication of mating part at nominal (e.g. Dupes).

C. Operator ergonomics, part loading and unloading, and accessibility for


CMM inspection and Statistical Process Control (SPC), Product Quality
Characteristic (PQC) data collection should be considered in the Design
Concept.

D. The X Y Z location(s) on product features where variable data will be


collected to monitor critical measurement points shall be reviewed and
approved by the GM Supplier Quality Engineer .

IV. Concept Approval

Concept Approval (form 1927-29 request for gage construction and design
review) is required.
https://www.gmsupplypower.com/apps/supplypower/NASApp/spcds/CDSRetrieva
l?id=121049&togglefolder=22654&doc_lang=en&lob=quality the part supplier
shall obtain Concept Approval from the GM Supplier Quality Engineer, the GM
Design Release Engineer, Gage Specialist and the GM Dimensional System
Engineer prior to initiating the fixture design process.

Any change which may occur during the fixture procurement process that has
significant impact on the original concept must be reviewed with the GM Supplier
Quality Engineer.

V. Design Requirements

The checking fixtures used to check the fit, form, and function of the part
to the vehicle will be designed in a cooperative effort among the GM Supplier

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Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
Quality Engineer, the supplier, the GM Design Release Engineer, Gage
Specialist and the GM Dimensional System Engineer and will be built through
the supplier.

A. The Design source shall refer to the concept sketch, the GD&T, the
written description, and the measurement points provided (as well as) the
customers Technical Review as the controlling expression of the design.
If any of this information was not supplied in the SOR or at the Technical
Review, it is the suppliers responsibility to obtain from the GM Design
Release Engineer the information necessary to satisfy all support
program deliverables.

B. For mechanically attached parts the gage must check:

1. In respect to inspection of part warpage, refer to GD&T for


part measurement requirement, (includes free state, etc)

2. All Part Of Assembly (POA) fastener locations with and without


Fasteners (Approved by the GM Supplier Quality and Design
Release Engineer)

3. Profile / contour

4. Part size

5. Fixture must have the capability to measure flushness with/ without


restraint and with fasteners (if required review GD&T to see how part
is to be checked), by installing the part into the fixture. The fixture shall
also contain release mechanisms by which to remove the part. No
clamping pressure is permissible on A-surface(s) during part check
with fasteners. All metal clip attachments to be built with dual acting
Jaw Mechanisms (where possible).
For checking without clips (e.g. doghouse attachments), clamping to
be accomplished by hook/swing in clamp to clip attachment.

Dual acting Jaw Mechanisms

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Hook/swing in clamp to clip attachment

6. The fixture must be able to measure gap and flush at locations defined
within the GD&T.

7. All flush and feeler rails to be designed to be 6mm offset.


All flush and feeler callouts to be stamped and colored accordingly
directly into rails.
Start and stop of flush and feeler pin zones to be clearly identified at
checking edge rail.

8. All free state net datums to be retractable /removable.


All free state net datums not to include clamps.

9. All door trim assemblys to follow GD&T requirements within the


drawing. Requirements shown with/without clips.

Door Trim GM1925 Supplement


with-without clip requirements.pptx
for Door Trim 13Nov.pdf

C. For tape applied parts the gage must check:

1. Free State check of contour conformance to surface

2. Flush / gap fit of part to fixture surface (less than 1 mm is


default unless otherwise specified by GD&T)

3. Part size

4 Profile / contour

10. Location of locating features such as pins, slots, holes, etc.

D. All drawings should have the following:

1. Details shall be complete in all views and must be dimensioned to


machined surfaces and/or body and/or work lines.

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Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
2. Drawings should include a representation of the part shown in its
gaging position.

3. All section views shall be referenced by section and sheet number


corresponding to the call-out on the gage design drawing.

4. The stock list shall include all stock sizes, and must identify
standard items by supplier name and full catalog number.

5. All dimensions should be in metric however, the stock list may


contain items in Standard English dimensions

6. Stock items (i.e., angle brackets, risers, hinge drops, slides,


screws, dowels, etc.) should consist of standard commercially
available materials whenever possible.

E. Datum Hole Locator(s):

1. 2 way gage pins should not restrict part movement in the none
locating direction. Slides are recommended in this application

2. Recommend datum features of size be Regardless of


Feature Size (RFS) or Maximum Material Condition shall
be used to positively locate the part as specified in the
GD&T.

3. Bodyshop sheet metal drawings affected by Hole-to-Hole:

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F. Datums that are positioned directly adjacent to a spot-weld, seam weld or
parting line shall be brought to the attention of the responsible Design
GM-1925 Fixture Standards 2013 12 General Motors Corporation
Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
Engineer. If the datum cannot be re-located, clearance shall be provided
on the fixture detail to facilitate Gage R&R.

G. All details utilized for part inspection including check pin sizes shall be
identified on the gage design. In addition, all removable and
interchangeable details shall be identified including their associated
function. The use of color coding details has proven to be an effective
technique in communicating the use of multiple model applications on the
same fixture. Interchangeable details require the following:

1. Hardened steel bushings for bullet-nosed locator pins.


2. Permanently attached hand knobs.
3. Storage on the fixture base for interchangeable details

H. To ensure consistent dimensional checking from construction to


certification, the design should include documented start points for base
alignment on a coordinate measuring device. These points can be tooling
balls (preferred), bushings, blocks, or some other clearly identified zones
on the base.

I. The gage design shall be such that no detail overhangs the gage base
when the detail is in any position, e.g. Swing in details (clamps, SPC
ports, flush and feeler rails, etc).

J. All part information including math data used in the design and required
for fixture construction must be identified on the fixture design (including
latest revision level and date.)

K. All changes to the fixture design shall be alpha-numerically indicated in a


change notice block. A brief change description referencing the
appropriate Engineering Work Order (EWO) or applicable engineering
change number should be identified with each change event.

L. Operator instructions and/or a sequence of operations on the use of the


fixture shall be shown on the completed design (see Appendix C). The
use of multilingual operator instructions must be considered where
applicable.

M. The finished fixture design must be reviewed and approved by the GM


Supplier Quality Engineer, the GM Design Release Engineer, Gage
Specialist and the GM Dimensional System Engineer (Ref. Appendix A

VI. Build Requirements

A. All fixtures shall be built to math data and GD&T


GM-1925 Fixture Standards 2013 13 General Motors Corporation
Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
B. All datums, inspection details, clamps, and interchangeable details shall
be identified on the fixture in a visible location as shown on the design.

C. For variable data collection devices, a standard zero block with bushing is
to be mounted to the fixture base.

D. Operator instructions and/or a sequence of operations on the use of the


fixture shall be securely affixed to the gage.

E. The use of eye-bolts for fixtures over 35 pounds is recommended.

F. All weldments shall be stress relieved.

G. All loose and interchangeable details such as hand knobs and check pins,
Dial Indicators shall be permanently attached to the fixture. The use of
self storing (restrained), tethering devices or recoil type cables is
recommended.

H. The use of shims or shim stock is not an acceptable practice in the


construction of GM checking fixtures.

I. When templates are utilized, stock is an acceptable choice for


template construction.

J. Any steel non-check details susceptible to oxidation should be coated in


such a manner as to provide long term protection based on usage,
environment, etc. Wipe-on solutions that are removed by normal
handling of the details are not recommended.

K. All check pins shall be manufactured from an acceptable material and


hardness to ensure durability and functionality throughout the life of the
part program.

L. Fixture Construction Tolerances

1. All fixture details including fixture bases, datums, and inspection


details shall be accurately manufactured in order to ensure the
accuracy required for product inspection.

2. General tolerance guidelines are as follows:

All datums used to position the part: +/- 0.05 mm.


Details used for digital/electronic measuring devices which
check part features SPCs +/- 0.05
Part representation: +/-0.15
Surface contour features (flush checks): +/- 0.15 mm.
Trim line features (feeler checks): +/- 0.15 mm.
Template checks (profile of part): +/- 0.15 mm.
GM-1925 Fixture Standards 2013 14 General Motors Corporation
Published By Global Purchasing and Supply Chain
Check Pin Bushing location tolerance : +/- 0.10 mm

M. An identification tag shall be affixed to each fixture supplied by the fixture


source with the following information at a minimum and updated as
required (see example below):

Part Name(s).
Program Designation
Less Finish Part Number (If Applicable)
Part Math Data Level
GD&T Drawing Level
Final Certificate Date
Property of General Motors

If the fixture is utilized to inspect additional parts or assemblies, a


separate tag containing the drawing numbers, engineering levels,
and dates may be required supplied by the fixture source. All
tagging must be multilingual as required.

N. It is required that the finished fixture build be reviewed and


approved by the GM Supplier Quality Engineer, the GM Design Release
Engineer, Gage Specialist and the GM Dimensional System Engineer
before shipping.

Pre-Production Part Quality Process (PPQP)

Pre Production Operations (PPO)

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Suppliers shall use a holding fixture that meets criteria specified in Checking
Fixture Standards and repeatability requirements for repeatability (1x10).
Fixture Datums must reflect GD&T callouts. Free state requirements identified in
GD&T must be followed (Ref. GM1925 Fixture Standards).

VII. Certification Requirements

A. The certification must include (at a minimum) the following: datums, and
functional gage features such as data collection devices, feeler checks, flush
checks, nets, gage pins, pin locations, mating part representations,
construction balls, etc. The certification must also include certification to
multiple locating schemes (e.g., with / without fasteners) per GM
requirements.

B. The construction source shall develop an easily comprehensible X Y Z


and vector type CMM certification report. The check sheet should be
sufficiently documented to easily relate the check points back to the part
drawing. An example is provided below: All Bushing checks need to be
projected to the built in indicator offset.

X Master X Check X Diff. Y Master Y Check Y Diff. Z Master Z Check Z Diff. Vec.Diff. Type

Datum A2
3900.000 3899.942 -0.058 500.000 500.086 0.086 1592.500 1592.500 -0.000 0.1033 SurfRd

Det #5 3MM Flr. Const.


3910.000 3909.998 -0.002 -207.700 -207.812 -0.112 1605.000 1605.000 -0.000 -0.1119 SurfRd

C. When a fixture is inspected and found to be dimensionally incorrect or


when specifications are not met, the Tier 1 supplier is directly responsible
to identify the root cause and implement corrective action.

D. A new fixture certification is required for any fixture shipped outside of the
region from which it was manufactured. This is to verify that no shipping
damage has been done to the fixture.

E. 3rd party certification audit may be requested at the discretion of the GM


SQE
(If required, it must be requested at the pre-sourcing phase to ensure
comparable quotations).

VIII. Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility Requirements

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A. Supplier shall ensure that Gage R&R is conducted based on AIAG MSA
Manual and must include all critical measurement points for each locating
scheme (e.g., with / without fasteners.).

Guidelines for acceptance of an Average and Range Gage R&R study re:

1. Under 10% error Gage system acceptable

2. 10% to 30% error May be acceptable based on the importance of


the application, gage revision cost, etc.

3. Over 30% error Gage system needs improvement. Make every


effort to identify the problems and have them
corrected.

If there is any question regarding whether the percentage of gage error


listed in item 2 above requires improvement, contact the GM Supplier
Quality and Design Engineer for direction.

C. A Gage R&R study should be performed after any modifications are made
to the fixture which might affect the repeatability and reproducibility
performance.

IX. Gage Final Approval

A. Supplier is required to contact the GM Supplier Quality Engineer for a


completed fixture review prior to gage shipment.

B. Supplier is required to obtain from the GM Supplier Quality Engineer


an approved copy of the GM Global Request for Gage Construction /
Design review. Supplier is required to submit / maintain this document
with PPAP documentation.

C. The finished fixture build must be reviewed and approved by the GM


Supplier Quality and Design Engineer. (Ref. Appendix B).

X. Maintenance Requirements

A. In accordance with ISO/TS-16949 Global Quality Certification Standards


the part supplier must perform regularly scheduled fixture maintenance
(based on usage) to retain the measurement capability of the fixture
throughout the entire part program.

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B. The part supplier must continually update fixtures to the latest
engineering change level on the identification tag, whether the changes
affect the fixture or not.

XI. Glossary

Body Position:
The positioning of the part in the fixture in the identical orientation the part will
have in the final assembled vehicle.

Design Concept:
The first level of development in the fixture design process. The purpose of the
design concept is to establish and document the requirements of the fixture.
This will ensure that the fixture design includes all of the requirements of the
part supplier and GM.

Documentation Required:
Standard Product Characteristics that are deemed important to part function
and Product Engineering will require process capability data documentation.

Gage Certification:
The dimensional verification that the fixture details (i.e. datums, SPC details,
etc.) have been manufactured to facilitate accurate part measurement

Gage Design:
The final construction drawings that will enable the fixture builder to construct
the fixture that is intended for the part supplier...

Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility (Gage R&R, GR&R or GRR):


A measurement system analysis of the fixture. The analysis is described in the
AIAG Measurement Systems Analysis Manual.

CMM Certification Report:


Report that shows measured precision requirements that are used to verify that
a gage/fixture conforms to design and dimensional specifications.

Operation Description Sheet (ODS)

GM_ODS_Sheet.xlsx

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Example ODS

Gage_Checking
Fixture Types _Noun Names.pptx

Gage/Checking Fixture Types Noun Names

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