People v. Malabago

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095. People v.

Malabago
GR No. 115686 | December 2, 1996 | En banc
Puno, J.
Digest by: Ky Bautista

Short facts:
Trial Court convicted Accused Malabago of parricide for killing his wife Letecia and imposed the death penalty.

Accuseds mother-in-law was tending her sari-sari store, when her daughter, Letecia, arrived. Later, accused came and
he and Letecia began arguing about money and husbands jealousy of someone. Letecia cried out "Agay!" and the
mother-in-law saw Letecia's face bloodied with a slash along her right ear. Accused was facing Letecia, he was then
holding a bolo, struck her again, hitting the lower left side of her face, from the lips to the neck. Letecia died.

Accused says he was in another poblacion and he didnt know who killed his wife and says that his mother-in-law
testified because she was against their marriage.

Issue: Is he guilty of parricide?


Held: Yes, but court modified the penalty to reclusion perpetua, not death. (no treachery, but there was voluntary
surrender. 1 mitigating, no aggravating)

Ratio:
Parricide is committed when: (1) a person is killed; (2) the deceased is killed by the accused; (3) the
deceased is the father, mother, or child, whether legitimate or illegitimate, or a legitimate other
ascendant or other descendant, or the legitimate spouse of the accused.
The key element in parricide is the relationship of the offender with the victim. In the case of parricide of a
spouse, the best proof of the relationship between the accused and the deceased is the marriage certificate.
In the absence of a marriage certificate, however, oral evidence of the fact of marriage may be considered
by the trial court if such proof is not objected to.
The essential elements like accuseds marriage to Letecia, the cause of death, and accuseds participation
therein were facts established by the prosecution in its evidence in chief:
o [As to their marriage] He did not object to the mother-in-laws testimony that accused and Letecia
were married. He also testified to that fact. Such was an admission against his penal interest and
there is the presumption that a man and a woman deporting themselves as husband and wife have
entered into a lawful contract of marriage.
o [As to the cause of Letecias death] There was the death certificate, the mother-in-laws testimony
and affidavit, and even the accused himself affirmed that his wife died as a result of the hacking (he
just denied to have done the hacking).
o His defense of alibi was not appreciated because the two poblacions were only 4 km apart and easily
accessible by motor vehicles.

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