P= (I,YOU,HE, SHE, IT, WE, YOU,THEY).

SIMPLE PRESENT (TO BE) AM/IS/ARE

He, She, it = is we, yoy, they = are I am
AFIRMATIVE
S+ am/is/are + C
I am at home

NEGATIVE
S + am not/isnt/arent + C
They arent in english class

INTERROGATIVE
Am/is/are + S + C ?
Is it a good book?

isnt/arent + S + C ?
Arent they at work?

Who+ is + C ?
Who is at home?

Who + am/is/ are + S + C + About/To/By/For/with ?

Who is he at home with?

WH Questions
Where/What/How/Why/When + am/is/are + S + C ?
Why is she at school?

Tag Questions
S + am/is/are + C, am I not/isnt/arent P?
He is at work, isnt he?

S + am not/isnt/arent + C, am/is/are P?
Paula isnt in Spain, is she?
SIMPLE PRESENT (Any-Verb)
AFIRMATIVE
S + V/Vs,es,ies + C
Verbs ending in: o,x,s,ss,sh,ch,z. add es
Verbs ending in y preceded by a consonant change into ies study-
studies
He,she, it: Vs,es,ies
plays

I watch t.v. at night

Cinthia does her homework.

NEGATIVE
S + Dont/Doesnt + V + C

Doesnt: He, She, It - DOES

Don`t: I you we they - DO
Cinthia doesn`t do her homework
We dont eat on time

INTERROGATIVE Short answers Yes, no

Do/Does + S + V + C ?
Does he run in the Street every day?

INTERROGATIVE
NEGATIVE
Dont/Doesnt + S + V + C ?
Dont you play videogames at night?

Who Vs,es,ies + C ?
Who does the dishes?
Who studies medicine?
Who speaks French and English

Who + Do/Does + S + V + C + About/To/By/For,with ?

Who do you eat at the restaurant with?

Wereh/What/How/Why/When, etc + Do/Does + S + V + C ?

What does she do?
TAG QUESTIONS

S + V/Vs,es,ies + C, Dont/Doesnt P?
The students sing very well, Dont They?
She dances cumbia, doesn`t she?
S + Dont/Doesnt + V + C, do/does P?
He doesnt play soccer, does he?
Diana doesnt like Angel, does she?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
AFIRMATIVE
S+ am/is/are + V ing + C
I am talking on my cellphone

NEGATIVE
S + am not/isnt/arent + V ing + C
They werent learning english

INTERROGATIVE
Am/is/are + S + V ing + C ?
Was she Reading a good book?

isnt/arent + S + V ing + C ?
Werent they working?

Who+ is + V ing + C ?
Who was playing yesterday?

Who + am/is/ are + S + V ing + C + About/To/By/For/with ?

Who was he playing for?

Where/What/How/Why/When + am/is/are + S + V ing + C ?

Why was she crying a lot yesterday?

S + am/is/are + V ing + C, am I not/isnt/arent P?

He was walking to work last week, wasnt he?

S + am not/isnt/arent + V ing + C, am/is/are P?

Paula wasnt living in Spain in 2005, was she?
SIMPLE PAST (TO BE) WAS/WERE
I,He, She, it = WAS we, you, they = WERE
AFIRMATIVE
S+ WAS/were + C
I was at home
Luis was at home

NEGATIVE
S + wasnt/werent + C
They werent learning english

INTERROGATIVE
Was/were + S + C ?
Was she Reading a good book?

isnt/arent + S + C ?
Werent they working?

Who+ is + C ?
Who was playing yesterday?

Who + am/is/ are + S + C + About/To/By/For/with ?

Who was he playing for?

Where/What/How/Why/When + am/is/are + S + C ?
Why was she crying a lot yesterday?

S + am/is/are + C, am I not/isnt/arent P?
He was walking to work last week, wasnt he?

S + am not/isnt/arent + C, am/is/are P?
Paula wasnt living in Spain in 2005, was she?
SIMPLE PAST Any verb
AFIRMATIVE
S + V past+ C
I worked yesterday
Rocio came to school last Saturday.

NEGATIVE
S + Did not/didn`t + V + C
He did not work yesterday

INTERROGATIVE
Did + S + V + C ? yes, P did/no, p dint
Did you sing two years ago?

INTERROGATIVE
NEGATIVE
Did + S + not+ V + C ?
Didn`t + S + V + C ?
Didn`t she listen to music?

Who +Vpast + C ?
Who wrote a novel?

Who + Did+ S + V + C + About/To/By/For/with ?

Who did she run around the city with?

Where/What/How/Why/When + Did + S + V + C ?
When did they travel to Mexico? two days ago

TAG QUESTIONS

S + V past + C, Didn`t p?
Mauricio listened to music last night, didn`t he? Yes, he did.

S + Did not + V + C, did p?

You did not walk a lot in the city, did you? No, I didn`t.
IDIOMATIC FUTURE (Going To)

AFIRMATIVE
S + Am/Is/Are + Going to + V + C
Im going to eat fruit
Jose is going to be a mechatronic engineer in two years.
The dogs are going to bite the girls.

NEGATIVE
S + Am not/Isnt/Arent + Going to + V + C
He isnt going to fly today

INTERROGATIVE
Am/Is/Are + S + Going to + V + C ?
Are we going to look at something?

INTERROGATIVE
NEGATIVE
Am/Is/Are+S+NOT+ Going to + V + C ?
Isnt/Arent + S + Going to + V + C ?
Arent You going to talk to somebody?

Who +is + Going to + V + C ?

Who is going to drink coffee?

Who + Am/Is/Are + S + Going to + V + C + About/To/By/For/with ?

Who are you going to call to? my brother

Where/What/How/Why/When + Am/Is/Are + S + Going to + V + C ?

What is she going to read this afternoon? A book.

TAG QUESTIONS

S + Am/Is/Are + Going to + V + C, Am I not/Isnt/Arent P?

Im going to dance, Am I not?
Lily is going to travel to Paris, isn`t she?
S + Am not/Isnt/Arent + Going to + V + C, Am/Is/Are P?
She isnt going to eat hamburguers, is she?
IDIOMATIC PAST
AFIRMATIVE
S + Was/Were + Going to + V + C
We were going to play basquetball

NEGATIVE
S + Wasnt/Werent + Going to + V + C
They werent going to travel to Cancu n this month

INTERROGATIVE
Was/were + S + Going to + V + C ?
Were you going to visit your family in one week?

Wasnt/Werent + S + Going to + V + C ?
Werent they going to walk this week?

Who+ Was + Going to + V + C ?

Who was going to watch a movie?

Who + Was/Were + S + Going to + V + C + About/To/By/For ?

Who Was she going to go with?

Where/What/How/Why/When + Was/Were + S + Going to + V + C ?

What was he going to do yesterday?

S + Was/Were + Going to + V + C, Wasnt/Werent P?

He was going to draw good cartoons, wasn`t he?

S + Wasnt/Werent + Going to + V + C, Was/Were P?

You werent going to sing in a rock band, were you?
PAST CONTINUOUS
AFIRMATIVE
S+ Was/Were + V ing + C
I was talking on my cellphone

NEGATIVE
S + Wasnt/Werent + V ing + C
They werent learning english

INTERROGATIVE
Was/were + S + V ing + C ?
Was she Reading a good book?

Wasnt/Werent + S + V ing + C ?
Werent they working?

Who+ Was + V ing + C ?

Who was playing yesterday?

Who + Was/Were + S + V ing + C + About/To/By/For/with ?

Who was he playing for?

Where/What/How/Why/When + Was/Were + S + V ing + C ?

Why was she crying a lot yesterday?

S + Was/Were + V ing + C, Wasnt/Werent P?

He was walking to work last week, wasnt he?

S + Wasnt/Werent + V ing + C, Was/Were P?

Paula wasnt living in Spain in 2005, was she?
PRESENT PERFECT
AFIRMATIVE
Have: I, you, we, they
Has: he, she, it.
S + Have/Has + V past participle + C
I have played soccer with friends
My brother has slept for 12 hours.
For-Since

NEGATIVE
S + Have/Has not + V p p + C
She hasnt arrived to school at 8:00

INTERROGATIVE
Have/Has + S + V p p + C ?
Have you danced since yesterday?

Havent/Hasnt + S + V p p + C ?
Hasnt he studied english?

Who Has + V p p + C ?
Who has drunk pulque?

Who + Have/Has + S +V p p + C + About/To/By/For/with ?

Who have you gone to the movies with?

Where/What/How/Why/When + Have/Has + V p p + C ?
When has she flown to London?

Tag questions
S + Have/Has + V p p + C, Havent/Hasnt P
We have spoken several times, haven`t we?

S + Havent/Hasnt +V p p + C, Have/Has P
You havent came to the classroom, have you?
PAST PERFECT
AFIRMATIVE
S + Had + V p p + C
I had come into the classroom

NEGATIVE
S + Hadnt + V p p + C
She hadnt cooked pasta yesterday

INTERROGATIVE
Had + S + V p p + C ?
Had you eaten fish last friday?

Hadnt + S + V p p + C ?
Hadnt he driven fast in your car?

Who + Had + S + V p p + C ?
Who had you read last week?

Who + Had + S + V p p + C + About/To/By/For?

Who had she cooked christmas for?

Where/What/How/Why/When + Had + S + V p p + C ?
What had you given last birthday?

Tag questions
S + Had + V p p + C, Hadnt + C
When I came to the classroom, The teacher had already gotten into the
classroom, hadnt she?

S + Hadnt + V p p + C, Had + C
The teacher hadnt arrived yet, had she?
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
AFIRMATIVE
S + Have/Has + Been + V ing + C
She has been listening to music every day

NEGATIVE
S + Havent/Hasnt + Been + V ing + C
I havent been playing basquetball

INTERROGATIVE
Have/Has + S + Been + V ing + C ?
Have you been calling to brother today?

Havent/Hasnt + S + Been + V ing + C ?

Hasnt he been eating fruit today?

Who + Have/Has + S + Been + V ing + C ?

Who have you running last month?

Who + Have/Has + S+ Been + V ing + C + About/To/By/For ?

Who have she been studying for english?

Where/What/How/Why/When + Have/Has + S + Been + Ving + C ?

What have you drinking last night?

Tag questions
S + Have/Has + Been + V ing + C, Havent/Hasnt + P?
Mary has been studyin all night long, hasnt she?
The students have been studying all night long, havent they?

S + Havent/Hasnt + Been + V ing + C, Have/Has + P?

My mom hasnt been cooking this week, has she?
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
AFIRMATIVE
S + Had + Been + V ing + C
She had been studying french last month

NEGATIVE
S + Hadnt + Been + V ing + C
We hadnt been playing soccer yesterday

INTERROGATIVE
Had + S + Been + V ing + C ?
Had she been running a race?

Hadnt + S + Been + V ing + C ?

Hadnt you been cleaning the dishes?

Who + Had + S + Been + V ing + C ?

Who had she been writing in her book?

Who + Had + S + Been + V ing + C + About/To/By/for?

Who had you traveling for vacation with?

Where/What/How/Why/When + Had + S + Been + V ing + C?

What had he been dancing last night?

Tag Questions

S + Had + Been + V ing + C, Hadnt +P?

My partners hadnt been watching TV, hadnt they?

S + Hadnt + Been + V ing + C, had P?

They had been wathing TV, had they?