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    Rates of Reaction Factor T

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    Fi
    The document discusses how raising temperature affects reaction rates by increasing particle collisions and kinetic energy. It provides the Arrhenius equation relating reaction rate constant k to temperature T and activation energy Ea. Graphs of ln k versus 1/T allow determining Ea and pre-exponential factor A from experimental rate data collected at different temperatures. Calculating reaction rates at other temperatures then applies the Arrhenius equation.

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    Rates of Reaction Factor T

    Uploaded by

    Fi
    39 views11 pages
    The document discusses how raising temperature affects reaction rates by increasing particle collisions and kinetic energy. It provides the Arrhenius equation relating reaction rate constant k to temperature T and activation energy Ea. Graphs of ln k versus 1/T allow determining Ea and pre-exponential factor A from experimental rate data collected at different temperatures. Calculating reaction rates at other temperatures then applies the Arrhenius equation.

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    The document discusses how raising temperature affects reaction rates by increasing particle collisions and kinetic energy. It provides the Arrhenius equation relating reaction rate constant k to temperature T and activation energy Ea. Graphs of ln k versus 1/T allow determining Ea and pre-exponential factor A from experimental rate data collected at different temperatures. Calculating reaction rates at other temperatures then applies the Arrhenius equation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views11 pages

    Rates of Reaction Factor T

    Uploaded by

    Fi
    The document discusses how raising temperature affects reaction rates by increasing particle collisions and kinetic energy. It provides the Arrhenius equation relating reaction rate constant k to temperature T and activation energy Ea. Graphs of ln k versus 1/T allow determining Ea and pre-exponential factor A from experimental rate data collected at different temperatures. Calculating reaction rates at other temperatures then applies the Arrhenius equation.

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    Rates of Reaction

    Raising the Temperatures

    By:
    Prof. Dr. Suyono, M.Pd.
    and
    Physical Chemistry III Team
    Rates of Reaction
    Raising the Temperatures

    Raising the temperature has the same effect on all reactions.


    Raising the temperature makes the particles move faster.
    This means that more particles collide with each other per
    second.
    The rate of the reaction increases.
    Also, the faster the particles are traveling, the greater is the
    proportion of them which will have the required activation energy
    for reaction to occur.
    As a general guide,
    raising the temperature of reaction by 10oC will double the rate of
    the reaction.
    Rate as temperature function
    r (T)
    collision theory
    chemical reaction occur through:
    1. Collision
    2. Breaking down the bonding pemutusan ikatan
    3. Making new bonding
    T >>, so r >>
    T<<, so r <<
    why?
    ans: T >> causing :
    1. Average rate of molecule >>, collision >>
    2. Ekin >>, E of collision >>
    3. molecule with energy Ea >>

    T >> 10oC r >> 2x - 3x (reaction temperature coefcient)


    Example: r at 20oC = a M.s-1
    reaction temperature coefcient)= 2. calculate r at 60oC?
    ans: (2)40/10 x initial cons. = 16 a M. s-1
    Ea Concept
    P + QR PQR* PQ + R
    (activated complex)
    PQR*

    Ea
    E

    P + QR

    PQ + R
    Reaction rate law
    r = k [ ] [ ]
    r [C] constant, its mean that and still remain, whereas T, r

    So, k change because of T


    k (T)
    T , so k specic
    T, so k

    k vs T graph
    vant Hoff (1887)

    T
    From the graph : the curve is not linear, but exponential
    Arrhenius (1889)
    k = A . e-Ea/RT
    Modication Arrhenius law to linear equation:
    k = A . e-Ea/RT Ea
    ln k = ln A - (2)
    RT

    ln A

    tg = -Ea/R
    ln k

    1/T
    The activation energy is related to the rate
    constant by the Arrhenius equation

    E a
    k Ae
    / RT

    k = rate constant
    Ea = activation energy
    e = base of the natural logarithm
    R = gas constant = 8.314 J mol-1 K-1
    T = Kelvin temperature
    A = frequency factor or pre-exponential factor
    From k and T data (more than 2 data), we can determine the value
    of:
    Exponential factor (A)
    Ea

    What is the quantitative correlation of k and temperature changing


    from T1 to T2?:
    d ln k .

    dT
    1
    Ea Ea .T
    ln k ln A ln A
    RT R
    d ln k Ea 2 Ea
    .T 2
    dT R RT
    Ea
    d ln k 2
    dT
    RT
    Constant Ea assumption
    k2 T 2
    Ea dT
    d ln k
    k1
    R
    T
    T1
    2

    Ea 1 1
    ln k 2 ln k1
    R T1 T 2
    k2 Ea 1 1
    ln .......... .......... .......... ......( 3 )
    k1 R T1 T 2
    r k , so
    r2 Ea T 2 T1
    ln .......... .......... .....( 4 )
    r1 R T1T 2
    Soal
    1. Harga k untuk reaksi:
    CH 3
    I C 2H 5
    ONa CH 3
    OC 2
    H 5
    NaI

    Di dlm etanol, yg diamati pada beberapa suhu adl sbb:


    to,C 0 6 12 18 24 30
    k/10-5 5,60 11,8 24,5 48,8 100 208
    Tentukan nilai A dan Ea, bila diketahui R = 8,3144 JK-1mol-1

    2. Suatu reaksi memp. energi pengaktifan 65 kJmol-1. Laju Rx pd 100O C adl 7,


    8 x 10-2 mol liter-1 detik-1. Pada temp brp laju Rx menjadi 1/10x Rx pd 100O C.
    Dan hitung laju Rx pd 20O C jika data yg lain tetap.

    3. Dari data di bawah ini:


    Suhu Laju Rx
    0O C 1,5 x 10-3 mol liter-1 detik-1
    20OC 1,5 x 10-2 mol liter-1 detik-1
    Hitung Ea
    Hitung laju Rx pd 50oC pd kondisi lain yg sama

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