Air Compressor
Air Compressor
Air Compressor
DATE
NO.
2 7.11.11
A .2 ] O il C ircu it
A .3 ] C oolin g W
Oil free air Compressor
allow the optimum quantity of cooling water being circulated in these circuits.
Then again after the restrictors , the outgoing water form a single circuit before
Solenoid operated water shut off valve (Please refer P&I diagram for compressed
air system ACIL Drawing No: 1590700004, TCE Drawing No: TCE.5890A-CAS-
B ] O P ER A TIO N & C O N TR O L O F A IR C O M P R ES S O R [ IN D IV ID U A L ]
B .1 ] B A S IC ELEC TR O N IK O N R EG U LA TO R U N IT
Each compressor unit is provided with a new generation micro-processor based
Elektronikon regulator called Elektronikon M KIV .
DISPLAY : The regulator has a 4X40 character back lit LCD display and is
numeric . This display indicates the compressor operating condition , a service ne
a fault.
LED INDICATION : The regulator unit has got a voltage on LED , General A
and Automatic operation LED and below these LED s the pictographs legends are
provided .
The General Alarm LED is alight if a warning condition exist . The same shall bli
case of a shut down condition or Emergency Stop condition.
The automatic operation LED , indicate that the regulator is automatically controllin
the com pressor.The com pressor is loaded , unloaded , stopped and re-started
depending on the air consumption and the limitations programmed in the Regula
S TA R T/ S TO P B U TTO N S : The regulator has a Start button to give a
start command. Also a Stop button to give a programmed stop command.
EM ER G EN C Y S TO P B U TTO N : Emergency Stop button , with a lock a
is provided to stop the compressor immediately in case of an Emergency.
SCROLL KEYS : Scroll keys , upward and downward , to scroll through the
TA B U LA TO R K EY S : Key to select a parameter indicated by a horizonta
the parameters followed by an arrow pointingto the right are accessible for m odify
FUNCTION KEYS: F1 , F2 , F3 Function keys are provided to control and pro
the com pressor
D ISPLAY ELECTRO N IK O N IV
START
SS
FUNCTION
KEYS
F1/ F2/ F3
EM ERG EN C Y
STO P
AUTO
OPERATION
GENERAL ALARM UP / DOWN SCROLL KEYS
VOLTAGE ON TABULATOR KEY
C .1 ] R ou tin e S tart U p:
Select the local control m ode , in the electronikon regulator.
Press START Button after verifying the conditions are healthy (Motor O/L, LP/HP
Elem ent Tem p H igh, O il Tem perature H igh, Em ergency Stop, Starter F/B) for g
start com m and. Along w ith the start com m and , the solenoid of the w ater shut
valve [provided in the com p pack return cool ing water line] is de-energised so th
water flow to the compressor pack is on.
The Regulator verify the start perm issive checks , alarm / shut dow n conditions a
protection system as per compressor P&ID and if intact the block relay contact clos
the compressor starts and run in unloaded condition. At this time the voltage on
light up since control power is already on and now the auto operation on LED also l
up.
If load command is already given soon after the start, after 25 seconds the com pre
loads. The time can be programmed as per customer's requirement. However a
m inim um tim e of 25 seconds is required for the oil pressure to build up and m o
accelerate to full speed. M essage on LC D screen changes from "Status unloaded"
"Status Loaded".
The oil pressure, is bypassed during initial start up.In case the oil pressure does no
build-up in the initial start up time the compressor will trip.
During start up, incase there is any fault, compressor will trip and an alarm is indi
on the panel along with message on the LCD screen stating the reason for the ala
In case of the load com m and is not executed along w ith the start com m and, the
the load command can be executed .As soon as this is done, the compressor shall
on load.
C .2 ] A u tom atic O peration / R u n n in g :
As soon as the start command is executed , as explained above , the automatic
operation LED light up . The load com m and can be executed either seperately or
after the start com m and is executed.
Once the compressor start running on load , depending upon the air consumption
discharge air pressure shall build up .
As soon as the discharge air pressure [process value] reach the unloading pressure
[set point - upper band] the com pressor sh all unload automatically and hence fort
start.
running in unloaded condition , till the air net pressure fall and reach the reload
pressure [set point - lower band]. At the net pressure falling to a level of the reloa
pressure , the compressor once again automatically shall start running in loaded
condition and the above narrated cycle repeat itself depending on the air net pressu
trend.
This is the automatic operation of the compressor, since depending on the trend of
net pressure [based on air consumption], the compressor automatically switches its
to load or unload mode of operation.
C .2 .1 ] U n loadin g:
Compressor shall automatically load / unload depending on the air discharge pressu
Pressure sensor provided at the pack discharge, continuously senses the discharge
pressure and after the unload pressure set po int setting (8.6 Kg/Cm2) is reached;
solenoid valve in the control circuit is de-energised. The Throttle valve close due to
command to SV from the controller and the com pressor unloads. D uring unload
Oil free air Compressor
operation of the com pressor, there w on't be any air flow in to the air net. But sm
amount of air drawn in from the atmosphere shall get in to the com pressor gets
compressed and blown out to atmosphere through blow-off silencer.This condition shall
continue till the air pressure at discharge PT falls to a level of reloading pressure (8.1
Kg/Cm2).
C .2 .2 ] Loadin g:
As soon as the air net pressure reach the level of reload pressure , the Electroniko
Regulator gets this input through the pack discharge air pressure sensor . The
Regulator shall re-energise the load - unload solenoid valve . As soon as this happen ,
the trapped air in the Throttle valve system escapes to atm osphere through the
solenoid valve and the Throttle valve shal l open and start admitting the desired
quantity of air in to the compressor and the compressor shall start running on ful
once again.
C .2 .3 ] R egu lation :
The regulator m aintains the air net pres sure between programmable limits by
automatically loading & unloading the compressor. A number of programmable
settings like unloading pressure , loading pressure , load delay , N um ber of starts
hour , Minimum stop time , Power recovery time , Restart delay , Motor start mode
Pressure band selection , Control mode selection , Auto restart etc. are param eter
which are programmable in the Regulator . The regulator stops the compressor
w henever
[programmable] time period in unload mode , to reduce the power consumption an
restarts it automatically when the air net pressure decreases. In case the expected
stop period is too short, then
The compressor is kept running in unload mode to prevent restart respecting m in
time and number of motor starts per hour etc.
For HT motors driven air compressors the number of motor starts is limited to 3 s
per hour and in betw een each start 20 m inute tim e period has to be respected an
hence programmed accordingly.
C .2 .4 ] S ervice W
Following service warning information shall automatically appear on the LCD screen of the
Regulator panel.
Replace air filter [ Delta P based ]
Replace oil filter [ 8000hrs/ Anually ]
Oil change required [ 16000 Hrs/ once in 2 yrs ]
Main motor regreasing required [ as indicated on M otor N am e Plate ]
These informations are a function of time and differential pressure settings.
Depending on the time and the set pressure the elektronikon panel w ill flash this
information so that the operator can notice this service intervention required and
accordingly plan for these routine m aintenance requirem ent. O nce the requ
m aintenance activities are attended, the operator can reset these w arnings.
Oil free air Compressor
D] Manual Operation
After the compressor is started as mentioned above in C.1] The compressor can be
unloaded manually by pressing the load / unload function key on the Elektronikon
panel at any point in time. The compressor can be put on load by pressing back the
load / unload function key once again.
E] S topp in g th e C om
Com pressor can be stopped by,
E.1 ] M an u al S top
Press Stop button. This stop mode is called programmed stop and the Compressor
automatically goes into unload condition. Compressor runs in unloaded condition for a
pre determined time period as per the compressor logic. After this unloads, running
the stop com m and shall be executed.
E.2] Emergency Stop
Press the mushroom type, Emergency STOP button. The general alarm LED in the
panel blinks. The stop com m and shall get executed instantaniously due to em ergency
in nature [unlike a programmed stop command w herein the com pressor unload first
and run in unload mode for a predetermined tim e period as per logic before stopping].
But one must unlock the emergency stop button by turning it anticlockwise after
correcting the fault condition or em ergency condition before attempting for restar
E.3 ] Trip
In case of any param eters exceeding the shut dow n lim its, as provided as per th
diagram of compressor, the block relay contact in the Elektronikon regulator open and
the compressor trip.
After a Trip occurs, one has to look in to the cause for the trip and rem edy the cau
before restarting the com pressor. Before restarting, after the rectification of the fault,
the fault responsible for the trip needs to be reset. Com pressor w ill not restart w ithin a
programmed time of 20 sec [Due to number of motor starts per hour / Minimum stop
period].
After a stop, however, in case a start command is given within this period the
Regulator will memorize the same and compressor w ill restart after the m inim um stop
tim e has lapsed.
F.1] MODBUS CONNECTION TO PLC [MAIN PLANT CONTROL ROOM] - FOR THE
PURPOSE OF MONITORING
The com pressors thus form ed into a C AN -net w ork is connected to a Com box-S / M odbus
hardware, which converts the CAN protocol used by the Elektronikon Microprocessor into
the Modbus RTU protocol. This Combox-S Modbus hardware has a port for connection to
PLC station or the compressor control room.
The above com m unication link, is used for the purpose of essential param eter m onitoring
as listed below
M axim um allow able discharge air pressure
PT29-current discharge air pressure
PD T 02- D elta P across the air filter
PT-18 Intercooler air pressure
PT-49 Lube oil pressure
TT11- LP stage air outlet tem perature
TT18- H P stage air inlet tem perature
Oil free air Compressor
TT21- HP stage air outlet temperature
TT44- Lube oil temperature
TT29- Compressor pack air outlet temperature
TT51- Pack cooling water inlet temperature
TT58- Com pressor circuit w ater outlet tem perature
TT59- Pack cooling water outlet temperature
LSHL-17 Level switch high / low at intercooler outlet
LSHL-28 Level switch high / low at after cooler outlet
Running hours
Loaded hours
Lube oil change alarm
Motor greasing alarm
Motor fault alarm
The node address for all the compressors connected in the CAN-network shall be defined.
Similarly, the node address for each compressor shall be defined from the PLC end also,
that is on the MODBUS side.
W hatever m ay be the m ode of operation [REM O TE, LO C AL], m onitoring of the connected
compressors is possible through Modbus Link.
The developm ent of suitable softw are, for the pu rpose of such monitoring of the individual
com pressor from PLC, shall be w ith AC IL's scope.
U ser guide : Electronikon M KIV - M odbus shall be provided by ACI , giving M odbus
addresses to facilitate developm ent of suitable softw are by PLC ve ndor at the PLC end.
This user guide give information related to addresses for essential parameters
The Com box-S [M odbus] has RS485 port , suitable for 0.5 m m 2, 2 X 2 tw isted pair overall
screened / shielded cable , for connection to PLC.
All the additional inputs, digital or analog (i.e. Flow switch, Dew point meter etc..) other
than specific to com pressors are taken directly to PLC, processed and necessary output in
terms of Alarm & indication in the system mimic, are displayed on the operator work
station m onitors of the PLC.
F.2] HARD WIRED CONNECTION TO PLC [M A IN P LA N T C O N TR O L R O O M ] - FO R
THE PURPOSE OF LIMITED CONTROL OPERATION
The hard w ired connection of the individual com pressors to the PLC is for the purpose of
"Remote start-stop control operation".
In this case , the limited control operation of start-stop can be accomplished through
either by having the required sw itches as hardw are at the PLC end or through the output
relay contacts [voltage free ] from the PLC, The requirement for this purpose is as
follows:-
M aintained type start / stop sw itch or relay contact
Switch close = Start
Switch open = Stop
Provision exists for the following general status of the individual com pressor, to be m ade
available at the PLC through the "hard wired" connection. This option is provided as
availability of limited status as on alternate to full fledged monitoring through modbus
link.
Compressor in automatic operation
Page 8 of 10
Supply voltage
Any Trip
Safety Interlocks
Lube Oil Pressure LOW
Lube Oil Temperature HIGH -
LP outlet air temp.HIGH
HP inlet air temp. HIGH
HP outlet air temp. HIGH
H ] C om pressor O peration M ode
Depending upon the operational requirements, each compressor can be selected &
operated in two modes i.e. LOCAL MODE and REMOTE MODE.
Please note that the narrated different mode selection is possible only from the
electronikon microprocessor cum display unit fascia.
Physical selection is by soft selection from the menu driven programme loaded in to these
microprocessors.
LOCAL MODE
This mode of operation shall be selected from individual Elektronikon m icroprocessor.
During this mode, the individual compressor START / STOP commands shall be executed
by the respective Electronikon microprocessor through facia MMI.
Required application / operational software with logic for start permissive / Start / Stop /
Run etc are pre loaded in the electronikon microprocessor, w hich w ill in turn control the
compressor as the case may be.
Loading & Unloading of the compressor shall be as per the operating pressure band setting
in the individual electronikon m icroprocessor.
REMOTE MODE
This mode of operation is selected, w hen individual com pressor operation is foreseen from
PLC.
Selection of this mode is through the individual Elektronikon microprocessor.
However during this mode, individual compressor START - STOP shall be executed from
the PLC H M I through sw itches of output contacts.
As same as in Local mode, Elektronikon microprocessor, with preloaded application /
operational software consists of Logic for start permissive / Start / Stop / Run etc will
control the individual com pressor.
Oil free air Compressor
During this mode also Loading & Unloading of the compressor shall be as per the
operating pressure band setting in the individual electronikon microprocessor.
P ressu re C on trol V alve: In normal course of operation this valve will remain open to
cater service air requirement. In case the pressure in the w et ai r header drops down
below 8 Kg/cm2(g) then the valve will start closing to ensure that instrument air pressure
will remain constant as instrument air requirement is of prime importance. The pressure in
the wet air header shall be sense using two pressure transm itters provided on the header
signal of this transm itters shall be fed to PLC and PLC inturn will operate PCV which is
m ounted on the com m on service air header. N ecessary logic shall be built in the PLC .
Page 10 of 10
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DESCRIPTION Doc Rec.
Date
SUBMISSION FOR APPROVAL
AMRAVAT MAHARASHTRA
ANY LIMITED.
CHKD. SCALE
DEPT. HEAD DATE: 7.11.11
7 JOB NO:
890 A-CAS-K01-28
System Control Write UP for Compressor ZR 355
PAGES
13
The lubricating oil from the oil tank/sump (130) [ part of the gear case ] is
sucked by the lub oil pum p (131) during the com pressor running.
Then the pressurised oil enter the oil cooler (132) and gets cooled.
Then , gets filtered in the oil filter (133) and enter LP and H P elem ents for the
lubrication of bearings and gears .
After the lubrication , the hot oil flow back in to the oil tank/sump (130).
The by-pass valve (135) allow s flow back of excess oil so that the desired oil
pressure is m aintained in the com pressor oil circuit.
The oil fum es form ed in the gear case is removed with the help of oil fume
ejector (169) and filtered . The residual oil droplets flow back to the oil
tank/sump and oil free fumes are let out to atmosphere.
ater C ircu it
The cooling w ater for the individual pack compressors , is fed from the common
Inlet cooling w ater header.
Inside the compressor pack, the coolingw ater bifurcates in to tw o different
circuits.
In one circuit , the w ater enter the after cooler(116) and intercooler(108) to
rem ove the heat from the com pressed air.
In the second circuit , the w ater enter the oil cooler(132) first to rem ove the
heat from the hot oil , then H P(111) and LP(104) elem ent cooling w ater jackets
to equalise the tem perature of the elem ent stages.
Page 1 of 10
mpressor
At the end of each cooling w ater branch ,the flow restrictors are provided to
y of cooling water being circulated in these circuits.
ctors , the outgoing water form a single circuit before
leaving the com pressor package.
In the return w ater line of the individu al pack compressor are provided with
hut off valve (Please refer P&I diagram for compressed
No: 1590700004, TCE Drawing No: TCE.5890A-CAS-
K01-04)
For draining the moisture seperated in the water seperators (109) and (117)
the auto drain traps are provided (124) and (127) respectively.
S O R [ IN D IV ID U A L ]
ocessor based
Page 2 of 10
mpressor
TABULATOR KEY
[ Fig 1]
the compressors
Page 3 of 10
mpressor
Status of some inputs such as
air pressure
air pressure
p. from pack
outlet temp.
k outlet tem p.
mpressor
y given soon after the start, after 25 seconds the com pressor
grammed as per customer's requirement. However a
conds is required for the oil pressure to build up and m otor to
essage on LC D screen changes from "Status unloaded" to
ed during initial start up.In case the oil pressure does not
up time the compressor will trip.
re is any fault, compressor will trip and an alarm is indicated
essage on the LCD screen stating the reason for the alarm.
and is not executed along w ith the start com m and, then now
executed .As soon as this is done, the compressor shall go
tion , till the air net pressure fall and reach the reload
r band]. At the net pressure falling to a level of the reload
once again automatically shall start running in loaded
arrated cycle repeat itself depending on the air net pressure
arn in g
on the LCD screen of the
pressor
exceeding the shut dow n lim its, as provided as per the P & I
n regulator open and
s to look in to the cause for the trip and rem edy the cause
ification of the fault,
ill not restart w ithin a
hour / Minimum stop
Page 7 of 10
etwork shall be defined.
from the PLC end also,
CI , giving M odbus
ve ndor at the PLC end.
al parameters
2, 2 X 2 tw isted pair overall
C O N TR O L R O O M ] - FO R
omplished through
nd or through the output
this purpose is as
om pressor, to be m ade
tion is provided as
ing through modbus
- OK [Monitored by Elektronikon microprocessor]
- Not Present
ikon m icroprocessor.
mands shall be executed
microprocessor.
shall be executed from
eloaded application /
t / Stop / Run etc will
Page 9 of 10
all be as per the
roprocessor.
his valve will remain open to
header drops down
instrument air pressure
portance. The pressure in
provided on the header
operate PCV which is
all be built in the PLC .
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CHKD.
Digitally signed by
Sachin Kamble
Date: 2011-11-07
16:15+05:30
MAHARASHTRA
REV. NO.
2
com pressor run for a predeterm ined
Page 6 of 10
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