Dental Materials

DENTAL MATERIALS
DENTAL WAXES
Dental waxes
variety of natural waxes and resins have been used in

dentistry for specific and well defined applications.
Waxes are thermoplastic materials which are solids at
room temperature but melt without decomposition to form
mobile liquids.
They consist of two or more components which may be
THERMAL PROPERTIES OF
MELTING RANGE WAXES
Waxes have a melting range rather than a
melting point.
Example : paraffin 44 62 C
carnauba 50 90 C
Significance: Mixing of waxes can change their
COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION
melting range.
Waxes expand when there is increase in
temperature and contract when there is decrease
in temp.
Dental waxes have the greatest co-efficient of
thermal expansion than any other restorative
materials in dentistry .
FLOW
Eg : CTE of type 1 wax is[ between 22C and
37.5C
Is the] is
slippage of wax molecules over each
323 10-6
other.
Measure of flow is the measure of the degree of
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Compressive strength , proportional

limit, elastic modulus of waxes are
low.
These properties strongly depends
on the temperature
As the temp decreases mechanical
propertiesCHEMICAL
improveNATURE
Two principle groups of organic
compounds :
Hydrocarbons : saturated alkanes Esters
myricyl palmitate [bees wax]
Some waxes in addition contains free
alcohol and acids
Dental wax component
PATTERN WAXES : Classification of dental waxes
1. Inlay wax
2. Casting wax
3. Base plate wax
4. Wax rim
5. Shellac denture base
PROCESSING WAX:
1. Sticky wax
2. Utility wax
3. Block-out wax
4. Boxing & beading wax
IMPRESSION WAX:
1. Corrective wax
2. Bite registration
Inlay wax
Classification(ADA Sp. No. 4)

It is a type of pattern wax.
Type I: Medium wax employed in
direct technique.
Type II: Soft wax used for indirect
technique for inlays and crowns.
Uses of inlay wax:
1. It is used to make patterns for
metallic restorations.
2. Patterns for inlays,
3. crowns and bridges is first made in
wax and then converted into metal or
ceramic by casting.
Casting wax
Classification (According to FDI Specification No. 140).
Class I : 28 gauge, pink ,Flow of about 10 % at 35C Easily

adaptable at 40 to 45C
Class II :30 gauge, green ,Minimum flow of 60 % at 38C
,adapts well to the surface ,not brittle on cooling
Class III: readymade shapes, blue Will burnout at 500C leaving
no carbon residue ,Supplied As Sheets 0.40 and 0.32 mm
thickness.
Used to produce the metallic component of partial denture on
the cast.
Class I Class II Class III

Base Plate Wax
Classification (ADA Sp. No. 24)
Uses: used mainly in preparing wax patterns
for prosthesis.
Supplied as : Sheets of pink or red color.
Wax rim (bite rim):
The softening temp. is above the mouth
temp.
It is tough & resist fracture during removal
from the cast.
It used for :
1. Restoring the occlusal relationship.
2. Arrangement of teeth.
3. Check the denture inside the patient
mouth.
Bite stick Bite block

Shellac denture base:
It is a type of pattern wax
Wax like resin stable at mouth temp.
It has high softening temperature than
other waxes.
It is used as a temporary denture
base.
Sticky wax:
It is a type of processing wax.
It is sticky when melted, with a
max 5 %flow at 30 C and 90 %
at 43 C .
It adheres closely to the surfaces
when applied to it.
If movement occurs the wax
tends to fracture than distort.
At room temperature the wax is
brittle and breaks easily
Uses
1. It is used to align fractured parts
of acrylic dentures .
2. It is used to align fixed partial
denture units before soldering .
3. It is used to seal a plaster splint
to the stone cast during
Utility Wax
It is a type of processing wax
.
Supplied as : It is available in
the form of sticks and sheets.
Orange or dark red in color.
In orthodontics, periphery
wax is white in color
Flow at 37.5C- min. 65 %
and max. 80% .
Pliable and tacky at 21-24C
Uses:
It can be used to alter the stock
tray extensions . The following
alterations :
1. can be made Height of the
tray .
Boxing & beading waxes:
Use:
Beading wax is adapted around the impression borders to
create the land area of the cast
Boxing wax is used to build up vertical walls around the
impression in order to pour the gypsum product to make a
cast base.
Supplied as :
Boxing wax as sheets.
beading wax as strips.
Beading upper impression
Boxing upper impression
Block out wax
Used for filling the undercut area on the cast
during processing of the Cr-Co frame work.
Block out upper cast
Impression waxes:
Corrective wax :
Wax in combination with resins of low
melting point can be used in corrective
impression technique in partial and
complete denture prosthesis.
The peculiarity of impression wax is that
they flow at mouth temperature.
Availability : sheets or cakes
Used to restore the selected region in the
edentulous patients to reproduce the details
of mucous membrane.
Its main disatvantage is that it is distorted
Impression waxes
Bite registration wax :
It is used to record the relationship of the upper
& lower teeth in dentulous patients .
Bite registration
Analog Wax Heater :
Dental Lab Equipment is a high quality wax pot
and ideal for all dental applications. Its
temperature controlled heating system gives you a
broad temperature range of 70 F to 237 F (21 C
to 112 C). In addition, this wax pot features an
insulated thermoplastic housing which remains
cool while wax stays hot!

Dental Materials

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DENTAL MATERIALS

variety of natural waxes and resins have been used in

Compressive strength , proportional

Classification(ADA Sp. No. 4)

Class I : 28 gauge, pink ,Flow of about 10 % at 35C Easily

Class I Class II Class III

Bite stick Bite block

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