Unitised Substation Spec
Unitised Substation Spec
Unitised Substation Spec
1.1 SCOPE
This specification covers the technical requirements of design, manufacture, test at works,
supply and providing commissioning supervision of Unitized Substation complete with 11KV
Switchgear, Cast Resin Transformer, LV Switchgear panel including LV Bus ducts/Bus
section panels and other accessories covered in a compact single enclosure, for Safe,
Efficient and Trouble free operation.
1.2 STANDARDS
The equipment covered by this specification shall, unless otherwise stated, be designed,
constructed and tested in accordance with the latest revisions /Amendments of relevant
Indian Standards.
All the above shall be enclosed in a sheet steel housing having IP : 55 degree of protection.
The enclosure shall be fabricated out of 3mm thick mild steel structural sections. The
frames shall be enclosed with steel of not less than 2.0mm thickness. The internal
partition shall of 1.6mm thick.
High Level of personal safety, ease of operation and aesthetics need to be taken care while
designing the enclosure and laying out the equipment within the enclosure.
The enclosure housing all the components of the Unitised Substation shall protect these
components against unauthorized access and environmental Hazards. The enclosure and
the equipment arrangement shall be such that, adequate ventilation is available for natural
cooling of the Electrical Equipment. Also all the live parts in the Unitised Substation shall be
protected against unintentional contact by means of Lockable Doors. Door interlocks using
Limit Switch shall be provided in a way that the core of the transformers are not accessible
when the Transformer is alive. Compact fluorescent lamp shall be provided on both HT & LT
sides for maintenance, and interlocked with the doors such that the respective lamp goes
ON when the doors are opened. The entire Unitised Substation shall be mounted on a
common Base frame.
The roof of the enclosure shall be sloped to avoid rain water collection.
In addition, all parts of the switchgear, including current transformers, shall be capable of
withstanding the instantaneous peak and the three second short time currents
Each breaker shall be provided with a visual, mechanized, indicating device for `Open' and
`Closed' position of the breaker. It shall be operative when the circuit breaker is in the
`Service', `Test' and `Isolated / Earthed' position. Operation counters shall be provided on
each mechanism to count the number of trips and it should not be possible to reset this
counter.
It shall not be possible, without the use of tools, to gain access to the tripping toggle or any
part of the mechanism which would permit defeat of the locking of the mechanical tripping
feature or closing feature, casually or carelessly. The door shall not be openable unless the
breaker is tripped.
Operating mechanism shall not hunt if a closing command and an opening command are
simultaneously given. It shall first Close and then Open or first Open and then Close.
It shall not be possible to render the electrical tripping feature in-operative by any mechanical
locking device.
1.4.5 Contacts
All contact parts shall be readily and quickly replaceable. Where contact parts are, by
design, not intended to be dismantled the complete contact shall be easily replaceable with
the minimum of special tools.
1.4.7 Interlocks
All mechanical interlocks shall be of the preventive type and shall be arranged to prevent
mal-operation as close as possible to the point at which mechanical force is applied, in order
to prevent defeat of the interlocks by distortion of linkages. Electrical interlocks shall also
function so as to prevent the closing of the circuit breaker.
Inaccessible mechanical interlocks shall be provided which are designed to prevent:
a. A closed circuit breaker from being withdrawn or inserted into the isolating contacts.
b. Tripping by attempted isolation.
c. The closing of a circuit breaker except when correctly located in service, and test
position.
d. A circuit breaker being closed in the service position, when the secondary circuit
between the fixed and moving portions are not completed.
e. defeating the interlocks manually by the operating personnel.
f. Withdraw of a closed Circuit Breaker from the Service Position.
With the breaker withdrawn the shutters shall completely shroud the stationary contacts, and
it shall not be possible to force the shutters or part of the shutters, to gain access to the
stationary contacts.
To facilitate testing, means other than locking shall be provided for securing the shutters in
the open position. However, such means shall be automatically cancelled and the automatic
operation of the shutters restored upon reconnection of the circuit breaker to the fixed
isolating contacts.
Busbar shutters shall be painted signal red, and shall be clearly and indelibly labeled
`BUSBARS' in large white letters. Circuit shutters shall be painted yellow, but shall not be
Shutters shall not have less than 20 mm gap from the moving isolating contacts of the circuit
breaker throughout the movement of the truck.
Transformer shall operate without injurious heating on any Tap under the following conditions
provided.
i. At rated MVA at any voltage within 10% of the rated voltage.
ii. At 110% rated current at a voltage equal to 105% of the rated voltage an also 85%
rated Voltage.
1.5.2 Overloads
It shall be possible to operate the transformer satisfactorily upto overloads of 150% of the
rated value of power. There shall be no limitation imposed by bushings, tap changers,
auxiliary equipments to meet this requirement.
The transformer shall be capable of operating at rated power, specified in the technical
schedule, on a continuous basis and with the cooling classification given at the most
onerous simultaneous climatic conditions specified.
The temperature rise specified shall not be exceeded when the transformer is operated
continuously at the rated power at the design ambient temperature of 45 C.
1.5.9.2 Core
The core shall be built up, interleaved with high grade, non-ageing, low loss, high
permeability, cold rolled grain oriented, silicon steel laminations properly treated for core
material.
The final core assembly shall be rigidly clamped to ensure adequate mechanical strength
and to prevent vibrations during operation.
The frame, clamps and core bolts shall be electrically insulated from the core. Such
insulation shall be capable of withstanding maximum temperature existing in the core. For
this purpose, Class B or better insulation shall be used.
The core and windings shall be suitably braced to prevent displacement or distortion during
transportation or abnormal electrical conditions in service.
S. M. Engineers & Consultants Page 6
The core shall be provided with lugs suitable for lifting the complete core and coil assembly.
All metal parts of the transformer core assembly except individual core laminations, core
bolts and side-clamping plates shall be earthed.
1.5.9.3 Windings
The coils shall be of electrical grade high conductivity copper conductor, properly insulated
and stacked.
Coil assembly shall be suitably supported between adjacent sections by insulating spacers
and barriers which shall be permanently secured in place.
Windings shall not contain sharp bends which might damage the insulation or produce high
dielectric stresses.
Coils shall be so insulated that the effect of impulse and power frequency voltage
stresses are minimum.
The scanner shall be provided with RS 485 Modbus RTU for Connection to SCADA.
The Transformer shall be provided with taps on the HV winding for On Load Tap
Changing.
The operation of the Transformer at any of the taps provided, shall not produce phase
displacement.
All the tap changing switches shall be rated for full unidirectional power flow.
The RTCC panel shall be provided with a Voltmeter with selector switch.
The RTCC Panel shall be provided with RS 485 modbus RTU for transferring the Tap
position to SCADA.
Mechanical stops to prevent over cranking the mechanism beyond extreme tap positions.
Device to ensure a positive and full completion of tap change once it is initiated even if
the control supply fails.
All current carrying contacts of the breaker shall be silver plated. Contact subjected to
arcing shall be tipped with suitable arc resisting material. Mechanical wear indicator shall
be provided to facilitate inspection of main contacts.
The contacts shall be self aligning, plug in type, designed to ensure adequate contact
pressure on the main busbars and requiring minimum maintenance.
The operating mechanism shall be trip free. Failure of spring, vibration or shocks shall not
cause unintended operation of breaker or prevent intended tripping operation. Closing of
breakers shall be prevented unless the spring is fully charged. U/V coil shall not be used
for Tripping the Circuit Breaker.
1.6.2 Interlocks
The breaker shall be provided with all necessary interlocks to prevent inadvertent
operations and to ensure safety of operating personnel and also the equipment.
Wiring shall be neatly laid and run on insulated cleats of limited compression type
insulated straps.
All cables shall have crimped terminations and shall be identified by means of glossy
plastic ferrules at both ends, showing the wire number as indicated in the schematic
diagrams. The ferrules shall be indelibly marked.
Wiring to items mounted on hinged doors or wiring that is subject to movement, shall run
in helical binding. The binding shall be securely anchored at both ends and sufficient
slack provided to prevent any strain being imposed on wiring.
Not more than two wires shall be connected to any terminal block.
1.10 PAINTING:
Care shall be taken in workmanship and selection of materials to prevent the occurrence of
any form of damage or corrosion due to damp or humid conditions.
The enclosure shall be prepared, primed, filled and painted to the highest standards.
The painting process shall be using a seven tank phosphating system with primer coating
within 4 hours of phosphating and two coats Epoxy Powder Coating.
1.11 LABELS:
Labels shall be provided to describe the duty of or otherwise identify every instrument, or
other item of equipment mounted internally and externally. Switch portions shall be fully
identified, wording shall be clear, concise and unambiguous. Each label shall be permanently
secured to the panel surface below the item to which it refers.
The labels shall be engraved / anodized aluminum with white letters on black background or
non-removable stickers. The nameplates shall not be screwed on.
In additions to component labels, each cubicle door shall bear a large identification label and
the board shall include a large, prominent overall identification Label.
The busbars and their connections shall be capable of withstanding, without damage, the
thermal and mechanical effects of a through fault current equivalent to the short time rating
of the switchgear.
Busbars shall be of uniform cross sectional area throughout their length with connections as
short and straight as possible. The resistance of any length shall not be greater than an
equal length of similar section conductor, without a joint.
Busbars shall be contained in a separate compartment within the general casing of the
switchgear.
Access to busbars and the connections directly thereto shall be gained only by the removal
of covers secured by bolts or screws.
1.13 EARTHING
All metal parts, other than those forming part of an electrical circuit, shall be connected to a
hard-drawn, high conductivity, 25 X6mm copper earth conductor on each unit.
It shall be bolted to the main frame and shall be located so as to provide convenient facilities
for earthing cable sheaths and for use with earthing devices.
Particular care should be taken to ensure that the truck of draw-out circuit breakers shall be
connected to the earth bar through a plug type contact and the plug shall be long enough
to allow the busbar and feeder shutters to close before breaking contact.
Current transformer and voltage transformer secondary circuits shall be earthed at one point
only.
The panel shall be provided with two earthing stud terminals with suitable nuts, washers
etc., for connection to Earthing Grid.
1.14 INSULATORS
Insulators of moulded or resin bonded material shall have a durable, non-hygroscopic
surface finish having a high anti-tracking index.
All secondary connections between the fixed and moving portions of circuit breaker
equipment shall be by means of plug and socket connections, arranged so as to eliminate,
positively, any false indication when the moving portion is racked into the service location.
1.21 WIRING
The Equipment shall be completely factory wired and ready for external connections.
The wiring shall be carried out with flexible stranded 1.1 KV grade PVC insulated copper
conductor cable (FRLS) of not less than 2.5 sq.mm. size for C.T / current carrying
connections. For other control circuits 1.5 Sq. mm wires shall be used.
The supplier shall provide single line diagram and control wiring diagrams for the switch
boards inside the compartment/ panel.
All wiring related to SCADA shall be wired up to a common terminal board inside the panel
for extending to the SCADA panel.
1.23 TEST
1.23.1 Factory Tests
Complete test shall be made at the manufacturers plant to determine the performance
and operating characteristics of the various components of the Unitised Substation (in
enclosure), and accessories to determine whether or not the guarantees have been met.
Unless otherwise specified, all tests shall be carried out in accordance with the standards
and shall include
1.25.2 1600 KVA, 11KV / 433 Volts, Dry type resin cast, two winding Transformer with On load tap
changer with + 5% to 15%, tapping in the HV winding in the steps of 1.25% with HV side
truncked to the 11KV VCB Panel and LV side suitable for truncking with LV ACB.
1.25.3 2400A, 50KA for 1 sec rated, fully drawout air circuit breaker with shunt trip closing coil,
spring charged closing mechanism and with-
- Micro processor based protection against O/C, E/F, S/C
- Ammeter with necessary CTs
- Voltmeter
- Incoming side truncked to 1600KVA Transformer
- Outgoing terminals suitable for terminating single core cables.
SL DESCRIPTION
NO
1. Make
2. Service (outdoor/indoor)
3. Rating : ( As per IS 11171)
a) AN (Continuous max) KVA
4. Rated Frequency Hz
5. Number of phases
6. Rated voltage
a) HV winding KV
b) LV winding KV
7. Vector group symbol
8. Losses (at 75 C and principal tapping)
a. No load loss at rated KW
voltage and frequency
b. Load loss as rated
current (ONAN) KW
c. Total loss at maximum
rated power KW
9. Reactance at rated current and
frequency %
10. Resistance at rated current
and at 75 C
a. HV Ohms/phase
b. LV Ohms/phase
11. Zero sequence impedance %
12. Zero sequence capacitance of
HV winding micro F
SL DESCRIPTION