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    Tangents and Chords-These Are Not Lords: S.no. Diagram

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    venitia
    1. The document discusses various properties related to circles, tangents, chords, and angles. It defines 14 different properties and provides examples to demonstrate how to apply each property. 2. Examples include calculating lengths using properties of tangents being equal from an external point, calculating intercepts using properties of secants, and calculating angles using properties of angles in the same segment being equal. 3. The examples help to illustrate how to set up equations based on the defined properties and solve for unknown values. This provides a good demonstration of applying the circle geometry concepts.

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    Tangents and Chords-These Are Not Lords: S.no. Diagram

    Uploaded by

    venitia
    145 views5 pages
    1. The document discusses various properties related to circles, tangents, chords, and angles. It defines 14 different properties and provides examples to demonstrate how to apply each property. 2. Examples include calculating lengths using properties of tangents being equal from an external point, calculating intercepts using properties of secants, and calculating angles using properties of angles in the same segment being equal. 3. The examples help to illustrate how to set up equations based on the defined properties and solve for unknown values. This provides a good demonstration of applying the circle geometry concepts.

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    1. The document discusses various properties related to circles, tangents, chords, and angles. It defines 14 different properties and provides examples to demonstrate how to apply each property. 2. Examples include calculating lengths using properties of tangents being equal from an external point, calculating intercepts using properties of secants, and calculating angles using properties of angles in the same segment being equal. 3. The examples help to illustrate how to set up equations based on the defined properties and solve for unknown values. This provides a good demonstration of applying the circle geometry concepts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    145 views5 pages

    Tangents and Chords-These Are Not Lords: S.no. Diagram

    Uploaded by

    venitia
    1. The document discusses various properties related to circles, tangents, chords, and angles. It defines 14 different properties and provides examples to demonstrate how to apply each property. 2. Examples include calculating lengths using properties of tangents being equal from an external point, calculating intercepts using properties of secants, and calculating angles using properties of angles in the same segment being equal. 3. The examples help to illustrate how to set up equations based on the defined properties and solve for unknown values. This provides a good demonstration of applying the circle geometry concepts.

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    Tangents and Chords- These are not Lords

    S.no. Diagram

    1. The perpendicular from the centre of a circle to a chord of the


    circle bisects the chord.
    Conversely, the line joining the centre of the circle and the P
    midpoint of a chord is perpendicular to the chord.
    A B
    R

    2. Equal chords of a circle or congruent circles are equidistant from


    the centre. E A
    Conversely, two chords of a circle or congruent circles that are
    equidistant from the centre, are equal. P

    Q
    C B
    F

    3. In a circle or congruent circles equal chords subtend equal E A


    angles at the centre.
    Conversely, chords, which subtend equal angles at the centre of
    the same or congruent circles, are equal.

    C B
    F

    4. Angles subtended in the same segment are equal. P1 P2


    AP1B = AP2B.

    A B

    5. The angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference C


    subtended by the same arc. AOP = 2ACP.

    A P
    6. Angle subtended in a semicircle is 90o. AOP = 90o
    P

    A B
    O

    7. The tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius drawn to


    the point of contact and conversely, the radius drawn to the point
    of contact is perpendicular to the tangent.
    E

    R P S
    8. Two tangents drawn from a common external point are equal in A
    length. PA = PB

    O
    P

    B
    9. The products of the intercepts of two intersecting chords are
    equal. CP CQ = CR CS P S
    C Q
    R

    10. The products of the intercepts of two intersecting secants to P Q


    a circle from an external point. CP CQ = CR CS
    C

    S
    R
    11. The square of the length of the tangent from an external point is
    B
    equal to the product of the intercepts of the secant passing
    A P
    through this point. PA PB = PC2

    C
    12. The angle between a tangent and a chord through the point of
    contact is equal to the angle in the alternate segment.
    CBP2 = CAB = Xo & P1BA = ACB = Yo A C
    X0 Y0

    Y0 X0

    P1 B P2

    13. The lengths of the direct common tangents and the lengths of the C
    transverse common tangents are equal.
    B
    For the two circles with centres A and B, BC and AD are the
    direct common tangents, and CD and AB are the transverse
    common tangents. O
    O P
    2
    1 D
    A

    14. Length of direct common tangent =


    (distance between centres)2 (r1 r2 )2

    Length of transverse common tangent =


    (distance between centres)2 (r1 r2 )2

    The application of above listed concepts has been given in the following examples

    Example 1: O is the centre of the circle. OP = 7.5cm, AB = 5 cm. and radius OT = 4.5 cm. Find PB.

    Sol: OT is perpendicular to PT as tangent and radius are perpendicularat the point of contact.
    Applying Pythagoras theorem in the right-angled triangle OTP

    (OP)2 = (PT)2 + (OT)2, you get TP = 6.


    Now, (TP) 2 = PAPB,
    (6)2= PA (PA+5), you get PA= 4 cm. Hence, PB = 9 cm.

    T
    P

    A
    O

    Example 2: In the figure, PQ = 14cm, QR = 9 cm and PR = 17 cm. Find AQ, BR and PC.
    Sol: Tangents from an external point are equal in length.
    Let PC= PB = x cm; QC= QA= y cm; RA=RB= z cm.
    x + y = 14i)
    y + z = 9ii)
    z + x =17..iii)
    Adding all, you get 2x+2y+2z=40.iv)
    Subtracting i) from iv) you get z=6. Similarly, you can get x= 11, y= 3.

    x x

    C B
    y z

    Q A z R
    y

    Example 3: Chords AB and CD intersect at right angles. Find BAC + ABD.

    Sol: By angle sum property, in triangle BOD, 1+4=90o.i)

    By angle sum property, in triangle AOC, 2+3= 90o.i)

    Also, 1= 3; 2 = 4.(angles in the same segment are equal)

    Adding i) & ii), you get 2(2+1) = 180o. Hence, BAC + ABD = 90o.

    2 O
    A B
    1
    4

    D
    Best Wishes!!
    Team Bulls Eye

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