HAL 102 - Lab

King Khalid University
College of Computer Science

Department of Computer Science
Lab Manual
102 HAL
Introduction to Computer-2
Subject Coordinator: Mahmoud Khattab
1st Semester 1435/1436

Lab Manual: Intro. To Computers - 2
Contents
Lab# Description
1 Introduction to C++
2 Input/Output statements and data types
3 Operators
4 Control instructions “ if- else “
5 Control instructions “ switch-case ”
6 Menu driven programming “ switch-case ”
7 Practical Mid Examination
8 Control instructions “ loops “
9 Control instructions “ Nested – loops “
10 Arrays
11 Functions
12 Application programs
13 Practical Final Examination
102 HAL: Lab Manual

Lab - 1
Introduction to C++

Lab - 1
Introduction to C++
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you an overview about C++ editor program.
Activity Outcomes:
This lab teaches you the following topics:
• Introduction about C++ software.
• On which operating system does the C++ program run?
• How to get C++ environment to write programs?
• Procedure for compilation
• Handling the errors.
• What is the word debugging?
• How to execute the programs?
• How to create the new programs?
• How to open the existing programs? ( Previous programs )
• Getting exposed about the C++ editor.
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•
Lab - 1
Introduction to C++
1. An overview about C++ editor program
• To Open C++ program?

o Start programs Microsoft Visual Studio 6.0 Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0
o StartRunType MSDEV
o Just click the C++ icon on the desktop to get C++ editor environment.
• To Open New C++ program?

o File New win 2 console application write project name OK Finish OK
o File New C++ source File write File name with extension of CPP OK
• To Compile the C++ program?

o Build Compile.cpp
o Select compile icon from the menu bar
o Press CTRL + F7
• To Execute the C++ program?

o Build Execute .exe
o Select Execute icon from the menu bar
o Press CTRL + F5
• Symbols used while writing program

{ Open flower bracket
} Close flower bracket
# Hash sign or number sign (shift+3)
( ) Small brackets
“ ” Double quotes
‘ ‘ Single quotes
, Comma
; Semicolon
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2. Understand the structure of the C++ program and environment
Problem:
Write a C++ program to print “ Welcome to C++ ” on the Screen.
C++ Source code:
#include<iostream.h> // preprocessor
void main( ) // function with return type void
{ // is a comment
cout<<"Welcome to C++”; // cout is an object in C++
}
3. Exercises:
• Write a C++ program to print the student’s number, Name, age and Phone number on the screen.
Output:
Id: 123456789
Name: Abdullah
Age: 20 years
Phone: 0500500500
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Lab - 2
Input/Output Statements
and Data Types

Lab - 2
Input/Output Statements and Data
Types
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you concepts of input, output statements and data types.
Activity Outcomes:
• All data types like int , float, char and string etc.
• Identify the type of the instructions.
• Get idea about the input instruction, that is cin>>
• Apply division and other operations on two numbers.
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•
Lab - 2
Input/Output Statements and Data Types
1. Problem1:
Write a C++ program which accepts one integer, one float and one character from keyboard and display
them on monitor.
C++ Source code:
#include<iostream.h>
void main( )
{
int a;
float b;
char c;
cout<<"ENTER AN INTEGER"<<endl;
cin>>a;
cout<<"ENTER A FLOAT"<<endl;
cin>>b;
cout<<"ENTER A CHARACTER"<<endl;
cin>>c;
cout<<"INTEGER= "<<a<<"\tFLOAT= "<<b<<"\tCHARACTER= "<<c<<endl;
}
2. Problem2 :
Write a C++ Program to find Sum and Average of two integer numbers.
C++ Source code:
void main( )
{
float a,b;
float sum,avg;
cout<<"ENTER TWO NUMBERS"<<endl;
cin>>a>>b;
sum = a + b;
avg = sum/2;
cout<<"SUM = "<<sum<<"\n AVERAGE = "<<avg<<endl;
}
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3. Problem3 :
Write C++ Program to find Sum and Average of three numbers.

C++ Source code:
void main( )
{ float a,b,c;
float sum,avg;
cout<<"ENTER THREE NUMBERS"<<endl;
cin>>a>>b>>C;
sum = a + b + c;
avg = sum/3;
cout<<"SUM = "<<sum<<"\n AVERAGE = "<<avg<<endl;
}
.
4. Exercises:
1) Write a C++ program to find the difference between two numbers.

2) Write a C++ program to find the product of three numbers.
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Lab - 3
Operators

Lab - 3
Operators
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you the concept to implement operators.
Activity Outcomes:
• Students should aware of different types of operators available in C++.
• What are the uses of operators?
• How operators are help full in the programming?
• Importance of operator precedence.
• Finally, how can you apply the operators in programs?
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Lab - 3
Operators
1. Problem1:
Write a C++ program to find area of a circle. Where A=3.14*r2 and r is a radius.
C++ Source code:
void main( )
{
float r,area;
const float pi=3.147;
cout<<"ENTER RADIUS OF CIRCLE"<<endl;
cin>>r;
area = pi*r*r;
cout<<"AREA OF CIRCLE = "<<area<<endl;
}
2. Problem2:
Write a C++ program find area of a rectangle. Where A=len * wid and len is a length, wid is a width.
C++ Source code:
void main( )
{
int len, wid, area;
cout<<"ENTER LENGTH OF RECTANGLE"<<endl;
cin>>len;
cout<<"ENTER WIDTH OF RECTANGLE"<<endl;
cin>>wid;
area = len*wid;
cout<<"AREA OF RECTANGLE = "<<area<<endl;
}
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3. Problem3:
Write a C++ Program to find area of a square. Where A=side * side.

C++ Source code:
void main( )
{
int side, area;
cout<<"ENTER SIDE OF SQUARE"<<endl;
cin>>side;
area = side*side;
cout<<"AREA OF SQUARE = "<<area<<endl;
}
4. Exercises:
Write a C++ program to compute the circumference of circle, rectangle and square.
Where:
• Circumference of circle = 2 * 3.14 * R and R is a radius.
• Circumference of rectangle = 2 * width + 2 * length.
• Circumference of square = 4 * side.
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Lab - 4
Control Instructions
“ if- else “

Lab - 4
“ if-
if- else “
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you understanding the concepts of conditional statements ( if – else ).
Activity Outcomes:
• The importance of selection instructions.
• Write code for different type of conditional instructions.
• The difference between if and else keywords.
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Lab - 4
Control Instructions “ if- else “
1. Problem1:
Write a C++ program to find Number is MAX or MIN

C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int a,b;
cout<<"Enter two numbers\n";
cin>>a>>b;
if(a>b)
cout<<a<<" is MAXIMUM "<<b<<" is MINIMUM\n";
else
cout<<b<<" is MAXIMUM "<<a<<" is MINIMUM\n";
}
2. Problem2:
Write a C++ program to find the given number is ODD or EVEN

C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int num;
cout<<"Enter a number\n";
cin>>num;
if(num%2==0)
cout<<num<<" is an Even Number\n";
else
cout<<num<<" is an Odd Number\n";
}
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3. Problem3:
Write a C++ program to find the Grade of student A, B, C, D or F.

C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int mark;
char grade;
cout<<"Enter mark";
cin >> mark;
if(mark >= 90 && mark <= 100 )
grade='A';
if(mark >= 80 && mark <= 89 )
grade='B';
if(mark >= 70 && mark <= 79 )
grade='C';
if(mark >= 60 && mark <= 69 )
grade='D';
if(mark < 60 )
grade='F';
cout<<"Mark"<<"\t"<<"Grade"<<endl;
cout<<mark<<"\t"<<grade<<endl;
4. Exercises:
1) Write a C++ program to find the largest among three numbers.

2) Write a C++ program to find whether the given number is palindrome or not.
Where: a palindrome number is read from right as you read from left: 4224.
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Lab - 5
“ switch- case “

Lab - 5
“ switch-
switch- Case “
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you understanding the concepts of conditional statements ( switch – case ).
Activity Outcomes:
• The difference between if and case instructions.
• The importance of case conditions.
• Developing At least two programs using case by students themselves.
• The functionality of “break” and “default “keywords.
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Lab - 5
Control Instructions “ switch- case “
1. Problem1:
Write a C++ program to check the day of week by using switch-case.

C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int x;
cout<<"Enter number"<<endl;
cin>>x;
switch(x)
{
case 1:
cout<<"Saturday"<<endl;
break;
case 2:
cout<<"Sunday"<<endl;
break;
case 3:
cout<<"Monday"<<endl;
break;
case 4:
cout<<"Tuesday"<<endl;
break;
case 5:
cout<<"Wednesday"<<endl;
break;
case 6:
cout<<"Thursday"<<endl;
break;
case 7:
cout<<"Friday"<<endl;
break;
default:
cout<<"Error"<<endl;
}
}
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2. Problem2:
Write a C++ program to find month by using a switch case statement.

C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int m;
cout<<"Enter Months Number :"<<endl;
cin>>m;
switch(m)
{
case 1:cout<<"JAN";break;
case 2:cout<<"FEB";break;
case 3:cout<<"MAR";break;
case 4:cout<<"APR";break;
case 5:cout<<"MAY";break;
case 6:cout<<"JUN";break;
case 7:cout<<"JUL";break;
case 8:cout<<"AUG";break;
case 9:cout<<"SEP";break;
case 10:cout<<"OCT";break;
case 11:cout<<"NOV";break;
case 12:cout<<"DEC";break;
default:cout<<"ERROR";
}
}
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Lab - 6
Menu Driven Programming
“ switch- case “

Lab - 6
Menu Driven Programming
“ switch-
switch- Case “
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you an idea about menu driven programming.
Activity Outcomes:
• Get clear idea about importance of menu driven programming.
• Developing small menu driven programs.
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Lab - 6
Menu Driven Programming “ switch- case “
1. Problem1:
Write a C++ program to implement menu driven program ( + , * , - , %) using switch case statement.
C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int n1, n2;
char op;
cout<<"Enter first number"; cin >> n1;
cout<<"Enter second number"; cin >> n2;
cout<<"Enter operator(*, /, + -)"; cin >> op;
switch (op)
{
case '*':
cout<<n1<<op<<n2<<"="<<(n1*n2)<<endl;
break;
case '/':
cout<<n1<<op<<n2<<"="<<(n1/n2)<<endl;
break;
case '+':
cout<<n1<<op<<n2<<"="<<(n1+n2)<<endl;
break;
case '-':
cout<<n1<<op<<n2<<"="<<(n1-n2)<<endl;
break;
default:
cout<<"Invalid oprator"<<endl;
break;
}
}
2. Exercises:
Write a menu driven program to calculate different currency conversions.
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Lab - 8
“ loops “

Lab - 8
“ loops “
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you the concept implementation of loops.
Activity Outcomes:
• Understanding the concept of looping (for, while and do…..while loop).
• How it is use full in the programming for repetitive instructions with number of times.
• The difference between the while and do- while loop.
• Finally, developing the programs using loops.
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Lab - 8
Control Instructions “ loops “
1. Problem1:
Write a C++ program to print natural numbers from 1 to 30 using for loop.
C++ Source code:
#include <iostream.h>
void main()
{
int i;
for (i=0;i<=30;i++)
{
cout<<" "<<"i="<<i<<endl;
}
}
2. Problem2:
Write a C++ program to print natural numbers from 1 to 30 using while loop.
C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int a=1;
while(a<=30)
{
cout<<a<<endl;
a++;
}
}
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3. Problem3:
Write a C++ program to print natural numbers from 1 to 30 using do while loop.
C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int a=1;
do
{
cout<<a<<endl;
a++;
}
while(a<=30);
}
4. Problem4:
Write a C++ program to display first 10 Odd numbers using for loop.
C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int i;
for (i=1;i<=20;i=i+2)
cout<<" i="<<i<<endl;
}
5. Problem5:
Write a C++ program to display first 10 even numbers using for loop.
C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int i;
for (i=2;i<=20;i=i+2)
cout<<" i="<<i<<endl;
}
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Lab - 9
“ Nested – loops “

Lab - 9
“ Nested – loops “
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you understanding the concepts of nested loops.
Activity Outcomes:
• Developing different programs using nested-loops.
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Lab - 9
Control Instructions “ Nested – loops “
1. Problem1:
Write a C++ program to display stars in a triangle shape.

C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int i,j,k,n,m;
cout<<"Enter a number";
cin>>n;
m=n;
for(i=0;i<n;i++) // * * *
{ // * *
for(j=0;j<i;j++) // *
cout<<" ";
for(k=0;k<m;k++)
cout<<" *";
cout<<endl;
m--;
}
}
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Lab - 10
Arrays

Lab - 10
Arrays
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you understanding the concepts of arrays.
Activity Outcomes:
• The importance of arrays while using data declaration.
• How to use array concept in the programming?
• How you will reduce the number of variables using arrays?
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Lab - 10
Arrays
1. Problem1:
Write a C++ program to store 5 numbers in an array then print them.
C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int a[5],i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
cout<<"enter any Number :"<<endl;
cin>>a[i];
}
cout<<"The Elements are as below : "<<endl;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
cout<<a[i]<<endl;
}
}
2. Problem2:
Write a C++ program to store 5 numbers in an array then print them in reverse order.
C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int a[5],i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
cout<<"enter any Number :"<<endl;
cin>>a[i];
}
cout<<"The elements are as below : "<<endl;
for(i=4;i>=0;i--) // Reverse Order
{
cout<<a[i]<<endl;
}
}
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Lab - 11
Functions

Lab - 11
Functions
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you understanding the concepts of functions.
Activity Outcomes:
• Learning the correct meaning of the reuse and how it is implementing in the programming by
using function concept.
• Importance of functions.
• Learning about return and void related to functions.
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Lab - 11
Functions
1. Problem1:
Write a C++ program to add two numbers using function.
C++ Source code:
int add(int x, int y);
void main()
{
int a, b;
cout<<" Enter value of a ";
cin>>a;
cout<<" Enter value of b ";
cin>>b;
add(a,b);
}
int add(int x, int y)
{
int res;
res = x+y;
cout<<" Sum = "<<res<<endl;
return res;
}
2. Problem2:
Write a C++ program to create function for calculating the square of any integer.
C++ Source code:
int sq(int);
void main()
{
int x;
cout<<"enter the value of x ";
cin>>x;
cout<<"the square of "<<x<<"="<<sq(x)<<endl;
}
int sq(int x)
{
return x*x;
}
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3. Problem3:
Write a C++ program to create function to find the factorial of a number.
C++ Source code:
int fact(int);
void main()
{
int x,f;
cout<<"enter the number";
cin>>x;
f=fact(x);
cout<<"The factorial"<<f;
}
int fact(int a)
{
int i,f=1;
for(i=1;i<=a;i++)
f=f*i;
return f;
}
4. Exercises:
• Write a C++ program to interchange two numbers by using function.
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Lab - 12
Application Programs

Lab - 12
Statement Purpose:
This lab will give you How C++ programs are giving solutions to general examples.
Activity Outcomes:
Outcomes:
• Applying the concepts to general problems like Fibonacci series and Factorial programs etc.
• Get little bit confidence on programming.
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Lab - 12
1. Problem1:
Write a C++ program to find the Factorial of Number using do while loop.
C++ Source code:
void main()
{
int n,i=1,fact=1;
cout<<" enter the number ";
cin>>n;
if(n>=0)
{
do
{
fact=fact*i;
i++;
}
while(i<=n);
cout<<"fact="<<fact<<"\n";
}
else
{
cout<<”\nFactof Zero is 0”;
}
}
2. EXERCISES:
1) Write a C++ program to generate Fibonacci numbers up to 100 using for loop.
2) Write a C++ program to generate multiplication table of any number using while loop.
3) Write a C++ program to print all prime numbers between two limits by using do while loop.
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King Khalid University

College of Computer Science

Subject Coordinator: Mahmoud Khattab

1st Semester 1435/1436

2 Input/Output statements and data types

4 Control instructions “ if- else “

5 Control instructions “ switch-case ”

6 Menu driven programming “ switch-case ”

7 Practical Mid Examination

8 Control instructions “ loops “

9 Control instructions “ Nested – loops “

13 Practical Final Examination

102 HAL: Lab Manual

1st Semester 1435/1436

102 HAL: Lab - 1

1. An overview about C++ editor program

• To Open C++ program?

• To Open New C++ program?

• To Compile the C++ program?

• To Execute the C++ program?

• Symbols used while writing program

102 HAL: Lab - 1

2. Understand the structure of the C++ program and environment

102 HAL: Lab - 1

1st Semester 1435/1436

102 HAL: Lab - 2

102 HAL: Lab - 2

Write C++ Program to find Sum and Average of three numbers.

1) Write a C++ program to find the difference between two numbers.

102 HAL: Lab - 2

1st Semester 1435/1436

102 HAL: Lab - 3

102 HAL: Lab - 3

Write a C++ Program to find area of a square. Where A=side * side.

102 HAL: Lab - 3

1st Semester 1435/1436

102 HAL: Lab - 4

Control Instructions “ if- else “

Write a C++ program to find Number is MAX or MIN

Write a C++ program to find the given number is ODD or EVEN

102 HAL: Lab - 4

Write a C++ program to find the Grade of student A, B, C, D or F.

1) Write a C++ program to find the largest among three numbers.

102 HAL: Lab - 4

1st Semester 1435/1436

102 HAL: Lab - 5

Control Instructions “ switch- case “

Write a C++ program to check the day of week by using switch-case.

102 HAL: Lab - 5

Write a C++ program to find month by using a switch case statement.

102 HAL: Lab - 5

1st Semester 1435/1436

102 HAL: Lab - 6

Menu Driven Programming “ switch- case “

Write a menu driven program to calculate different currency conversions.

102 HAL: Lab - 6

1st Semester 1435/1436

102 HAL: Lab - 8