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Data Science Cheat Sheet

Python - Intermediate

KEY BASICS, PRINTING AND GETTING HELP

This cheat sheet assumes you are familiar with the content of our Python Basics Cheat Sheet

s - A Python string variable l - A Python list variable

i - A Python integer variable d - A Python dictionary variable
f - A Python float variable

L I STS len(my_set) - Returns the number of objects in now - wks4 - Return a datetime object
l.pop(3) - Returns the fourth item from l and my_set (or, the number of unique values from l) representing the time 4 weeks prior to now
deletes it from the list a in my_set - Returns True if the value a exists in newyear_2020 = dt.datetime(year=2020,
l.remove(x) - Removes the first item in l that is my_set month=12, day=31) - Assign a datetime
equal to x object representing December 25, 2020 to
l.reverse() - Reverses the order of the items in l REGULAR EXPRESSIONS newyear_2020
l[1::2] - Returns every second item from l, import re - Import the Regular Expressions module newyear_2020.strftime("%A, %b %d, %Y")
commencing from the 1st item re.search("abc",s) - Returns a match object if - Returns "Thursday, Dec 31, 2020"
l[-5:] - Returns the last 5 items from l specific axis the regex "abc" is found in s, otherwise None dt.datetime.strptime('Dec 31, 2020',"%b
re.sub("abc","xyz",s) - Returns a string where %d, %Y") - Return a datetime object
ST R I N G S all instances matching regex "abc" are replaced representing December 31, 2020
s.lower() - Returns a lowercase version of s by "xyz"
s.title() - Returns s with the first letter of every RANDOM
word capitalized L I ST C O M P R E H E N S I O N import random - Import the random module
"23".zfill(4) - Returns "0023" by left-filling the A one-line expression of a for loop random.random() - Returns a random float
string with 0’s to make it’s length 4. [i ** 2 for i in range(10)] - Returns a list of between 0.0 and 1.0
s.splitlines() - Returns a list by splitting the the squares of values from 0 to 9 random.randint(0,10) - Returns a random
string on any newline characters. [s.lower() for s in l_strings] - Returns the integer between 0 and 10
Python strings share some common methods with lists list l_strings, with each item having had the random.choice(l) - Returns a random item from
s[:5] - Returns the first 5 characters of s .lower() method applied the list l
"fri" + "end" - Returns "friend" [i for i in l_floats if i < 0.5] - Returns
"end" in s - Returns True if the substring "end" the items from l_floats that are less than 0.5 COUNTER
is found in s from collections import Counter - Import the
F U N C T I O N S F O R LO O P I N G Counter class
RANGE for i, value in enumerate(l): c = Counter(l) - Assign a Counter (dict-like)
Range objects are useful for creating sequences of print("The value of item {} is {}". object with the counts of each unique item from
integers for looping. format(i,value)) l, to c
range(5) - Returns a sequence from 0 to 4 - Iterate over the list l, printing the index location c.most_common(3) - Return the 3 most common
range(2000,2018) - Returns a sequence from 2000 of each item and its value items from l
to 2017 for one, two in zip(l_one,l_two):
range(0,11,2) - Returns a sequence from 0 to 10, print("one: {}, two: {}".format(one,two)) T RY/ E XC E P T
with each item incrementing by 2 - Iterate over two lists, l_one and l_two and print Catch and deal with Errors
range(0,-10,-1) - Returns a sequence from 0 to -9 each value l_ints = [1, 2, 3, "", 5] - Assign a list of
list(range(5)) - Returns a list from 0 to 4 while x < 10: integers with one missing value to l_ints
x += 1 l_floats = []
DICTIONARIES - Run the code in the body of the loop until the for i in l_ints:
max(d, key=d.get) - Return the key that value of x is no longer less than 10 try:
corresponds to the largest value in d l_floats.append(float(i))
min(d, key=d.get) - Return the key that DAT E T I M E except:
corresponds to the smallest value in d import datetime as dt - Import the datetime l_floats.append(i)
module - Convert each value of l_ints to a float, catching
S E TS now = dt.datetime.now() - Assign datetime and handling ValueError: could not convert
my_set = set(l) - Return a set object containing object representing the current time to now string to float: where values are missing.
the unique values from l wks4 = dt.datetime.timedelta(weeks=4)
- Assign a timedelta object representing a
timespan of 4 weeks to wks4

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