Positive Voltage Regulator Ics: Description

L78
Positive voltage regulator ICs
Datasheet - production data
Description
The L78 series of three-terminal positive
regulators is available in TO-220, TO-220FP,
D²PAK and DPAK packages and several fixed
output voltages, making it useful in a wide range
of applications.
TO-220 TO-220FP These regulators can provide local on-card
regulation, eliminating the distribution problems
associated with single point regulation. Each type
embeds internal current limiting, thermal shut-
down and safe area protection, making it
essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking
DPAK D²PAK is provided, they can deliver over 1 A output
current. Although designed primarily as fixed
voltage regulators, these devices can be used
with external components to obtain adjustable
Features voltage and currents.
• Output current up to 1.5 A
• Output voltages of 5; 6; 8; 8.5; 9; 12; 15; 18;
24 V
• Thermal overload protection
• Short circuit protection
• Output transition SOA protection
• 2 % output voltage tolerance (A version)
• Guaranteed in extended temperature range
(A version)
March 2014 DocID2143 Rev 32 1/58

This is information on a product in full production. www.st.com
Contents Positive voltage regulator ICs
Contents
1 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4 Test circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.1 Design consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7 Typical performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
8 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
9 Packaging mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
10 Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
11 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
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Positive voltage regulator ICs List of tables
List of tables
Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Table 2. Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Table 3. Electrical characteristics of L7805A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Table 4. Electrical characteristics of L7806A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 10. Electrical characteristics of L7805C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Table 19. TO-220 (dual gauge) mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Table 20. TO-220 SG (single gauge) mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Table 21. TO-220FP mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Table 22. DPAK mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Table 23. D²PAK (SMD 2L STD-ST) mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Table 24. D²PAK (SMD 2L Wooseok-subcon.) mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Table 25. DPAK and D²PAK tape and reel mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Table 26. Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Table 27. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
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List of figures Positive voltage regulator ICs
List of figures
Figure 1. Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Figure 2. Pin connections (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 3. Schematic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 4. Application circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 5. DC parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 6. Load regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 7. Ripple rejection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 8. Fixed output regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 9. Current regulator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 10. Circuit for increasing output voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 11. Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 12. 0.5 to 10 V regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 13. High current voltage regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 14. High output current with short circuit protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 15. Tracking voltage regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 16. Split power supply (± 15 V - 1 A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 17. Negative output voltage circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 18. Switching regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 19. High input voltage circuit (configuration 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 20. High input voltage circuit (configuration 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 21. High input and output voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 22. Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 23. Remote shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 24. Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, IO £ 0.5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 25. Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 26. Light controllers (VO(min) = VXX + VBE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 27. Protection against input short-circuit with high capacitance loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Figure 28. Dropout voltage vs. junction temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Figure 29. Peak output current vs. input/output differential voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Figure 30. Supply voltage rejection vs. frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Figure 31. Output voltage vs. junction temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Figure 32. Output impedance vs. frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 33. Quiescent current vs. junction temp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 34. Load transient response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 35. Line transient response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 36. Quiescent current vs. input voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 37. TO-220 (dual gauge) drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure 38. TO-220 SG (single gauge) drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Figure 39. TO-220FP drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Figure 40. DPAK drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Figure 41. DPAK footprint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 42. D²PAK (SMD 2L STD-ST) type A drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure 43. D²PAK (SMD 2L Wooseok-subcon.) drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure 44. D²PAK (SMD 2L Wooseok-subcon.) footprint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Figure 45. Tube for TO-220 (dual gauge) (mm.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Figure 46. Tube for TO-220 (single gauge) (mm.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Figure 47. Tape for DPAK and D2PAK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Figure 48. Reel for DPAK and D2PAK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Positive voltage regulator ICs Diagram
1 Diagram
Figure 1. Block diagram
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Pin configuration Positive voltage regulator ICs
2 Pin configuration
Figure 2. Pin connections (top view)
72 72)3
'ð3$. '3$.
Figure 3. Schematic diagram
6/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Positive voltage regulator ICs Maximum ratings
3 Maximum ratings
Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings

Symbol Parameter Value Unit
for VO= 5 to 18 V 35
VI DC input voltage V
for VO= 20, 24 V 40
IO Output current Internally limited
PD Power dissipation Internally limited
TSTG Storage temperature range -65 to 150 °C
for L78xxC, L78xxAC 0 to 125
TOP Operating junction temperature range °C
for L78xxAB -40 to 125
Note: Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Functional operation under these condition is not implied.
Table 2. Thermal data

Symbol Parameter D²PAK DPAK TO-220 TO-220FP Unit
RthJC Thermal resistance junction-case 3 8 5 5 °C/W

RthJA Thermal resistance junction-ambient 62.5 100 50 60 °C/W
Figure 4. Application circuits
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Test circuits Positive voltage regulator ICs
4 Test circuits
Figure 5. DC parameter
Figure 6. Load regulation
Figure 7. Ripple rejection
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Positive voltage regulator ICs Electrical characteristics
5 Electrical characteristics
VI = 10 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7805AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7805AB), unless

otherwise specified(a).
Table 3. Electrical characteristics of L7805A

Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 4.9 5 5.1 V

VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 7.5 to 18 V 4.8 5 5.2 V
VO Output voltage IO = 1 A, VI = 18 to 20 V, TJ = 25°C 4.8 5 5.2 V
VI = 7.5 to 25 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = 25°C 7 50 mV
VI = 8 to 12 V 10 50 mV
ΔVO (1) Line regulation
VI = 8 to 12 V, TJ = 25°C 2 25 mV
VI = 7.3 to 20 V, TJ = 25°C 7 50 mV
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 25 100
(1)
ΔVO Load regulation IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 30 100 mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA 8 50
TJ = 25°C 4.3 6 mA
Iq Quiescent current
6 mA
VI = 8 to 23 V, IO = 500 mA 0.8 mA
ΔIq Quiescent current change VI = 7.5 to 20 V, TJ = 25°C 0.8 mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5 mA
SVR Supply voltage rejection VI = 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 500 mA 68 dB
Vd Dropout voltage IO = 1 A, TJ = 25°C 2 V
eN Output noise voltage TA = 25°C, B =10 Hz to 100 kHz 10 µV/VO
RO Output resistance f = 1 kHz 17 mΩ
Isc Short circuit current VI = 35 V, TA = 25°C 0.2 A
Iscp Short circuit peak current TJ = 25°C 2.2 A
ΔVO/ΔT Output voltage drift -1.1 mV/°C
1. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be
taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics Positive voltage regulator ICs

otherwise specified(b).


VI = 8.6 to 25 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = 25°C 9 60 mV
VI = 9 to 13 V 11 60 mV
VI = 9 to 13 V, TJ = 25°C 3 30 mV
VI = 8.3 to 21 V, TJ = 25°C 9 60 mV
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 25 100
ΔVO (1)
Load regulation IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 30 100 mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA 10 50
TJ = 25°C 4.3 6 mA
6 mA
VI = 9 to 24 V, IO = 500 mA 0.8 mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5 mA
b. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
10/58 DocID2143 Rev 32


otherwise specified(c).


VI = 10.6 to 25 V, IO = 500 mA,
12 80 mV
TJ = 25°C
ΔVO (1) Line regulation VI = 11 to 17 V 15 80 mV

VI = 11 to 17 V, TJ = 25°C 5 40 mV
VI = 10.4 to 23 V, TJ = 25°C 12 80 mV
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 25 100
(1)
IO = 250 to 750 mA 10 50
TJ = 25°C 4.3 6 mA
6 mA
VI = 11 to 23 V, IO = 500 mA 0.8 mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5 mA
VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz,
SVR Supply voltage rejection 62 dB
IO = 500 mA
c. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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otherwise specified(d).


VI = 10.6 to 25 V, IO = 500 mA,
12 90 mV
TJ = 25°C

VI = 11 to 17 V, TJ = 25°C 5 45 mV
VI = 11.4 to 23 V, TJ = 25°C 12 90 mV
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 25 100
(1)
IO = 250 to 750 mA 10 50
TJ = 25°C 4.3 6 mA
6 mA
VI = 11 to 25 V, IO = 500 mA 0.8 mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5 mA
VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz,
IO = 500 mA
d. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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otherwise specified(e).


VI = 14.8 to 30 V, IO = 500 mA,
13 120 mV
TJ = 25°C

VI = 16 to 12 V, TJ = 25°C 6 60 mV
VI = 14.5 to 27 V, TJ = 25°C 13 120 mV
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 25 100
(1)
IO = 250 to 750 mA 10 50
TJ = 25°C 4.4 6 mA
6 mA
VI = 15 to 30 V, IO = 500 mA 0.8 mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5 mA
eN Output noise voltage TA = 25°C, B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 10 µV/VO
ΔVO/ΔT Output voltage drift -1 mV/°C
e. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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otherwise specified(f).


VI = 17.9 to 30 V, IO = 500 mA,
13 150 mV
TJ = 25°C

VI = 20 to 26 V, TJ = 25°C 6 75 mV
VI = 17.5 to 30 V, TJ = 25°C 13 150 mV
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 25 100
(1)
IO = 250 to 750 mA 10 50
TJ = 25°C 4.4 6 mA
6 mA
VI = 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 500 mA 0.8 mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5 mA
VI = 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz,
IO = 500 mA
eN Output noise voltage TA = 25°C, B = 10Hz to 100 kHz 10 µV/VO
ΔVO/ΔT Output voltage drift -1 mV/°C
f. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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otherwise specified(g).


VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 27.3 to 37 V 23 24 25 V
VO Output voltage IO = 1 A, VI = 37 to 38 V, TJ = 25°C 23 24 25 V
VI = 27 to 38 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = 25°C 31 240 mV
VI = 30 to 36 V 35 200 mV
VI = 30 to 36 V, TJ = 25°C 14 120 mV
VI = 26.7 to 38 V, TJ = 25°C 31 240 mV
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 25 100
ΔVO (1)
Load regulation IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 30 100 mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA 10 50
TJ = 25°C 4.6 6 mA
6 mA
VI = 27.3 to 38 V, IO = 500 mA 0.8 mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5 mA
eN Output noise voltage TA = 25°C, B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 10 µV/VO
g. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 10 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specified(h).
Table 10. Electrical characteristics of L7805C


VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 7 to 18 V 4.75 5 5.25 V
VO Output voltage IO = 1 A, VI = 18 to 20V, TJ = 25°C 4.75 5 5.25 V
VI = 7 to 25 V, TJ = 25°C 3 100
ΔVO(1) Line regulation mV
VI = 8 to 12 V, TJ = 25°C 1 50
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 100
ΔVO(1) Load regulation mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25°C 50
Id Quiescent current TJ = 25°C 8 mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5
ΔId Quiescent current change mA
VI = 7 to 23 V 0.8
ΔVO/ΔT Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA -1.1 mV/°C
eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25°C 40 µV/VO
SVR Supply voltage rejection VI = 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz 62 dB
Isc Short circuit current VI = 35 V, TJ = 25°C 0.75 A
h. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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unless otherwise specified(i).


VI = 8 to 25 V, TJ = 25°C 120
VI = 9 to 13 V, TJ = 25°C 60
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 120
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25°C 60
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5
VI = 8 to 24 V 1.3
i. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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unless otherwise specified(j).


VI = 10.5 to 25 V, TJ = 25°C 160
VI = 11 to 17 V, TJ = 25°C 80
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 160
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25°C 80
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5
VI = 10.5 to 25 V 1
SVR Supply voltage rejection VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz 56 dB
j. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 14.5 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF,
CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified(k).

VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 8.2 8.5 8.8 V

VO Output voltage IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 11 to 21.5 V 8.1 8.5 8.9 V
VO Output voltage IO = 1 A, VI = 21.5 to 26 V, TJ = 25°C 8.1 8.5 8.9 V
VI = 11 to 27 V, TJ = 25°C 160
VI = 11.5 to 17.5 V, TJ = 25°C 80
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 160
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25°C 80
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5
VI = 11 to 26 V 1
k. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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unless otherwise specified(l).


VI = 11.5 to 26 V, TJ = 25°C 180
VI = 12 to 18 V, TJ = 25°C 90
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 180
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25°C 90
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5
VI = 11.5 to 26 V 1
ΔVO/ΔT Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA -1 mV/°C
l. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
20/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

unless otherwise specified(m).


VI = 14.5 to 30 V, TJ = 25°C 240
VI = 16 to 22 V, TJ = 25°C 120
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 240
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25°C 120
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5
VI = 14.5 to 30 V 1
m. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
DocID2143 Rev 32 21/58

58
unless otherwise specified(n).


VI = 17.5 to 30 V, TJ = 25°C 300
VI = 20 to 26 V, TJ = 25°C 150
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 300
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25°C 150
IO = 5 mA to 1A 0.5
VI = 17.5 to 30 V 1
eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100kHz, TJ = 25°C 90 µV/VO
SVR Supply voltage rejection VI = 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz 54 dB
n. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
22/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

unless otherwise specified(o).


VI = 21 to 33 V, TJ = 25°C 360
VI = 24 to 30 V, TJ = 25°C 180
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 360
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25°C 180
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5
VI = 21 to 33 V 1
o. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
DocID2143 Rev 32 23/58

58
unless otherwise specified(p).

VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 23 24 25 V

VI = 27 to 38 V, TJ = 25°C 480
VI = 30 to 36 V, TJ = 25°C 240
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C 480
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25°C 240
IO = 5 mA to 1 A 0.5
VI = 27 to 38 V 1
p. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
24/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Positive voltage regulator ICs Application information
6 Application information
6.1 Design consideration

The L78 Series of fixed voltage regulators are designed with thermal overload protection
that shuts down the circuit when subjected to an excessive power overload condition,
internal short-circuit protection that limits the maximum current the circuit will pass, and
output transistor safe-area compensation that reduces the output short-circuit current as the
voltage across the pass transistor is increased. In many low current applications,
compensation capacitors are not required. However, it is recommended that the regulator
input be bypassed with capacitor if the regulator is connected to the power supply filter with
long lengths, or if the output load capacitance is large. An input bypass capacitor should be
selected to provide good high frequency characteristics to insure stable operation under all
load conditions. A 0.33 µF or larger tantalum, mylar or other capacitor having low internal
impedance at high frequencies should be chosen. The bypass capacitor should be mounted
with the shortest possible leads directly across the regulators input terminals. Normally good
construction techniques should be used to minimize ground loops and lead resistance drops
since the regulator has no external sense lead.
The addition of an operational amplifier allows adjustment to higher or intermediate values
while retaining regulation characteristics. The minimum voltage obtained with the
arrangement is 2 V greater than the regulator voltage.
The circuit of Figure 13 can be modified to provide supply protection against short circuit by
adding a short circuit sense resistor, RSC, and an additional PNP transistor. The current
sensing PNP must be able to handle the short circuit current of the three terminal regulator
Therefore a four ampere plastic power transistor is specified.
Figure 8. Fixed output regulator
1. Although no output capacitor is need for stability, it does improve transient response.
2. Required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
DocID2143 Rev 32 25/58

58
Application information Positive voltage regulator ICs
Figure 9. Current regulator
,2 9;;5,G
Figure 10. Circuit for increasing output voltage
,5 Ż,G
92 9;;55

,G5
26/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Figure 11. Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V)
Figure 12. 0.5 to 10 V regulator
VO=VXXR4/R1
DocID2143 Rev 32 27/58

58
Figure 13. High current voltage regulator
9%(4
5 BBBBBBBBBBBBBB
,5(4,4E4
9%(4
,2 ,5(*4,5(*BBBBB B
5
Figure 14. High output current with short circuit protection
56& 9%(4,6&
%(4
28/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Figure 15. Tracking voltage regulator
Figure 16. Split power supply (± 15 V - 1 A)
* Against potential latch-up problems.
DocID2143 Rev 32 29/58

58
Figure 17. Negative output voltage circuit
Figure 18. Switching regulator
Figure 19. High input voltage circuit (configuration 1)
9,1 9,9
9=9%(
30/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Figure 20. High input voltage circuit (configuration 2)
Figure 21. High input and output voltage
92 9;;9=
Figure 22. Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor
9,PLQ9;;9'523PD[

PD[
5 BBBB
BBBBBB
BBBBBB
BBBBBB
BBBBBB
BBBB
,2PD[
[,GPD[
PD[
DocID2143 Rev 32 31/58

58
Figure 23. Remote shutdown
Figure 24. Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, IO ≤ 0.5)
Note: The circuit performs well up to 100 kHz.
32/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Figure 25. Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation
92 9;;559%(
Note: Q2 is connected as a diode in order to compensate the variation of the Q1 VBE with the
temperature. C allows a slow rise time of the VO.
Figure 26. Light controllers (VO(min) = VXX + VBE)
92IDOOVZKHQWKHOLJKWJRHVXS 92ULVHVZKHQWKHOLJKWJRHVXS
DocID2143 Rev 32 33/58

58
Figure 27. Protection against input short-circuit with high capacitance loads
Note: Application with high capacitance loads and an output voltage greater than 6 volts need an
external diode (see Figure 22 on page 31) to protect the device against input short circuit. In
this case the input voltage falls rapidly while the output voltage decrease slowly. The
capacitance discharges by means of the base-emitter junction of the series pass transistor
in the regulator. If the energy is sufficiently high, the transistor may be destroyed. The
external diode by-passes the current from the IC to ground.
34/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Positive voltage regulator ICs Typical performance
7 Typical performance
Figure 28. Dropout voltage vs. junction Figure 29. Peak output current vs. input/output
temperature differential voltage
Figure 30. Supply voltage rejection vs. Figure 31. Output voltage vs. junction
frequency temperature
DocID2143 Rev 32 35/58

58
Typical performance Positive voltage regulator ICs
Figure 32. Output impedance vs. frequency Figure 33. Quiescent current vs. junction temp.
Figure 34. Load transient response Figure 35. Line transient response
Figure 36. Quiescent current vs. input voltage
36/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Positive voltage regulator ICs Package mechanical data
8 Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of

ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
DocID2143 Rev 32 37/58

58
Package mechanical data Positive voltage regulator ICs
Figure 37. TO-220 (dual gauge) drawing
BW\SH$B5HYB7
38/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Table 19. TO-220 (dual gauge) mechanical data

mm
Dim.
Min. Typ. Max.
A 4.40 4.60
b 0.61 0.88
b1 1.14 1.70
c 0.48 0.70
D 15.25 15.75
D1 1.27
E 10 10.40
e 2.40 2.70
e1 4.95 5.15
F 1.23 1.32
H1 6.20 6.60
J1 2.40 2.72
L 13 14
L1 3.50 3.93
L20 16.40
L30 28.90
∅P 3.75 3.85
Q 2.65 2.95
DocID2143 Rev 32 39/58

58
Figure 38. TO-220 SG (single gauge) drawing
BUHY'
40/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Table 20. TO-220 SG (single gauge) mechanical data

mm
Dim.
Min. Typ. Max.
A 4.40 4.60
b 0.61 0.88
b1 1.14 1.70
c 0.48 0.70
D 15.25 15.75
E 10 10.40
e 2.40 2.70
e1 4.95 5.15
F 0.51 0.60
H1 6.20 6.60
J1 2.40 2.72
L 13 14
L1 3.50 3.93
L20 16.40
L30 28.90
∅P 3.75 3.85
Q 2.65 2.95
DocID2143 Rev 32 41/58

58
Figure 39. TO-220FP drawing
7012510A-H
42/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Table 21. TO-220FP mechanical data

mm.
Dim.
Min. Typ. Max.
A 4.40 4.60
B 2.5 2.7
D 2.5 2.75
E 0.45 0.70
F 0.75 1
F1 1.15 1.50
F2 1.15 1.50
G 4.95 5.2
G1 2.4 2.7
H 10.0 10.40
L2 16
L3 28.6 30.6
L4 9.8 10.6
L5 2.9 3.6
L6 15.9 16.4
L7 9 9.3
DIA. 3 3.2
DocID2143 Rev 32 43/58

58
Figure 40. DPAK drawing
0068772_K
44/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Table 22. DPAK mechanical data

mm
Dim.
Min. Typ. Max.
A 2.20 2.40
A1 0.90 1.10
A2 0.03 0.23
b 0.64 0.90
b4 5.20 5.40
c 0.45 0.60
c2 0.48 0.60
D 6.00 6.20
D1 5.10
E 6.40 6.60
E1 4.70
e 2.28
e1 4.40 4.60
H 9.35 10.10
L 1.00 1.50
(L1) 2.80
L2 0.80
L4 0.60 1.00
R 0.20
V2 0° 8°
DocID2143 Rev 32 45/58

58
Figure 41. DPAK footprint (q)
Footprint_REV_K
q. All dimensions are in millimeters
46/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Figure 42. D²PAK (SMD 2L STD-ST) type A drawing
0079457_T
DocID2143 Rev 32 47/58

58
Table 23. D²PAK (SMD 2L STD-ST) mechanical data

mm
Dim.
Min. Typ. Max.
A 4.40 4.60
A1 0.03 0.23
b 0.70 0.93
b2 1.14 1.70
c 0.45 0.60
c2 1.23 1.36
D 8.95 9.35
D1 7.50
E 10 10.40
E1 8.50
e 2.54
e1 4.88 5.28
H 15 15.85
J1 2.49 2.69
L 2.29 2.79
L1 1.27 1.40
L2 1.30 1.75
R 0.4
V2 0° 8°
48/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Figure 43. D²PAK (SMD 2L Wooseok-subcon.) drawing
0079457_T
DocID2143 Rev 32 49/58

58
Table 24. D²PAK (SMD 2L Wooseok-subcon.) mechanical data

mm
Dim.
Min. Typ. Max.
A 4.30 4.70
A1 0 0.20
b 0.70 0.90
b2 1.17 1.37
c 0.45 0.50 0.60
c2 1.25 1.30 1.40
D 9 9.20 9.40
D1 7.50
E 10 10.40
E1 8.50
e 2.54
e1 4.88 5.08
H 15 15.30
J1 2.20 2.60
L 1.79 2.79
L1 1 1.40
L2 1.20 1.60
R 0.30
V2 0° 3°
50/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Figure 44. D²PAK (SMD 2L Wooseok-subcon.) footprint
DocID2143 Rev 32 51/58

58
Packaging mechanical data Positive voltage regulator ICs
9 Packaging mechanical data
Figure 45. Tube for TO-220 (dual gauge) (mm.)
Figure 46. Tube for TO-220 (single gauge) (mm.)
52/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Positive voltage regulator ICs Packaging mechanical data
Figure 47. Tape for DPAK and D2PAK
10 pitches cumulative
tolerance on tape +/- 0.2 mm
Top cover P0 D P2
T tape
E
F
K0 W
B1 B0
For machine ref. only A0 P1 D1

including draft and
radii concentric around B0
User direction of feed
Bending radius
User direction of feed
AM08852v1
Figure 48. Reel for DPAK and D2PAK

T
REEL DIMENSIONS
40mm min.
Access hole
At sl ot location
A N
Full radius Tape slot G measured at hub

in core for
tape start 25 mm min.
width
AM08851v2
DocID2143 Rev 32 53/58

58
Packaging mechanical data Positive voltage regulator ICs
Table 25. DPAK and D²PAK tape and reel mechanical data
Tape Reel
mm mm
Dim. Dim.
Min. Max. Min. Max.
A0 6.8 7 A 330
B0 10.4 10.6 B 1.5
B1 12.1 C 12.8 13.2
D 1.5 1.6 D 20.2
D1 1.5 G 16.4 18.4
E 1.65 1.85 N 50
F 7.4 7.6 T 22.4
K0 2.55 2.75
P0 3.9 4.1 Base qty. 2500
P1 7.9 8.1 Bulk qty. 2500
P2 1.9 2.1
R 40
T 0.25 0.35
W 15.7 16.3
54/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Positive voltage regulator ICs Order codes
10 Order codes
Table 26. Order codes

Order codes
Part
numbers TO-220 TO-220 Output
DPAK D²PAK TO-220FP
(single gauge) (dual gauge) voltages
L7805C L7805CV L7805CDT-TR L7805CD2T-TR L7805CP 5V

L7805CV-DG 5V
L7805AB L7805ABV L7805ABD2T-TR L7805ABP 5V
L7805ABV-DG 5V
L7805AC L7805ACV L7805ACD2T-TR L7805ACP 5V
L7805ACV-DG 5V
L7806C L7806CV L7806CD2T-TR 6V
L7806CV-DG 6V
L7806AB L7806ABV L7806ABD2T-TR 6V
L7806ABV-DG 6V
L7806AC L7806ACV 6V
L7806ACV-DG 6V
L7808C L7808CV L7808CD2T-TR 8V
L7808CV-DG 8V
L7808ABV-DG 8V
L7808AC L7808ACV 8V
L7808ACV-DG 8V
L7885C L7885CV 8.5 V
L7809C L7809CV L7809CD2T-TR L7809CP 9V
L7809CV-DG 9V
L7809ABV-DG 9V
L7809AC L7809ACV 9V
L7812C L7812CV L7812CD2T-TR L7812CP 12 V
L7812CV-DG 12 V
L7812AB L7812ABV L7812ABD2T-TR 12 V
L7812ABV-DG 12 V
L7812AC L7812ACV L7812ACD2T-TR 12 V
L7812ACV-DG 12 V
DocID2143 Rev 32 55/58

58
Order codes Positive voltage regulator ICs
Table 26. Order codes (continued)

Order codes
Part
numbers TO-220 TO-220 Output
DPAK D²PAK TO-220FP
(single gauge) (dual gauge) voltages

L7815CV-DG 15 V
L7815AB L7815ABV L7815ABD2T-TR 15 V
L7815ABV-DG 15 V
L7815AC L7815ACV L7815ACD2T-TR 15 V
L7815ACV-DG 15 V
L7818C L7818CV 18 V
L7818CV-DG 18 V
L7824CV-DG 24 V
L7824AB L7824ABV 24 V
L7824ABV-DG 24 V
L7824AC L7824ACV 24 V
L7824ACV-DG 24 V
56/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Positive voltage regulator ICs Revision history
11 Revision history
Table 27. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes
21-Jun-2004 12 Document updating.

03-Aug-2006 13 Order codes has been updated and new template.
19-Jan-2007 14 D²PAK mechanical data has been updated and add footprint data.
31-May-2007 15 Order codes has been updated.
29-Aug-2007 16 Added Table 1 in cover page.
11-Dec-2007 17 Modified: Table 26.
Added: TO-220 mechanical data Figure 38 on page 38 , Figure 39 on page 39,
06-Feb-2008 18
and Table 23 on page 37. Modified: Table 26 on page 55.
Added: Table 29: DPAK mechanical data on page 50, Table 30: Tape and reel
18-Mar-2008 19
DPAK mechanical data on page 52. Modified: Table 26 on page 55.
Modified Table 1 on page 1 and Table 23 on page 37, added: Figure 38 on
26-Jan-2010 20 page 38 and Figure 39 on page 39, Figure 45 on page 52 and Figure 46 on
page 52.
04-Mar-2010 21 Added notes Figure 38 on page 38.
08-Sep-2010 22 Modified Table 26 on page 55.
23-Nov-2010 23 Added: TJ = 25 °C test condition in ΔVO on Table 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and Table 9.
16-Sep-2011 24 Modified title on page 1.
Added: order codes L7805CV-DG, L7806CV-DG, L7808ABV-DG, L7812CV-DG
30-Nov-2011 25
and L7815CV-DG Table 26 on page 55.
Added: order codes L7805ACV-DG, L7805ABV-DG, L7806ABV-DG, L7808CV-
08-Feb-2012 26 DG, L7809CV-DG, L7812ACV-DG, L7818CV-DG, L7824CV-DG Table 26 on
page 55.
27-Mar-2012 27 Added: order codes L7812ABV-DG, L7815ABV-DG Table 26 on page 55.
Modified: VI = 10.4 to 23 V ==> VI = 11.4 to 23 V test conditon value
27-Apr-2012 28
Line regulation Table 6 on page 12.
Added: order codes L7806ACV-DG, L7808ACV-DG, L7815ACV-DG,
10-May-2012 29
L7824ABV-DG and L7824ACV-DG Table 26 on page 55.
19-Sep-2012 30 Modified load regulation units from V to mV in Table 3 to Table 9.
12-Mar-2013 31 Modified: VO output voltage at 25 °C min. value 14.4 V Table 16 on page 22.
Part numbers L78xx, L78xxC, L78xxAB, L78xxAC changed to L78.
Removed TO-3 package.
Updated the description in cover page, Section 2: Pin configuration, Section 3:
Maximum ratings, Section 4: Test circuits, Section 5: Electrical characteristics,
04-Mar-2014 32
Section 6: Application information, Section 8: Package mechanical data and
Table 26: Order codes.
Added Section 9: Packaging mechanical data.
Minor text changes.
DocID2143 Rev 32 57/58

58
Positive voltage regulator ICs
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Positive Voltage Regulator Ics: Description

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L78

Positive voltage regulator ICs

Datasheet - production data

March 2014 DocID2143 Rev 32 1/58

8 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

9 Packaging mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

2/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

DocID2143 Rev 32 3/58

Figure 1. Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Figure 1. Block diagram

DocID2143 Rev 32 5/58

Figure 2. Pin connections (top view)

Figure 3. Schematic diagram

6/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings

Table 2. Thermal data

RthJC Thermal resistance junction-case 3 8 5 5 °C/W

Figure 4. Application circuits

DocID2143 Rev 32 7/58

Figure 6. Load regulation

Figure 7. Ripple rejection

8/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

VI = 10 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7805AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7805AB), unless

Table 3. Electrical characteristics of L7805A

VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 4.9 5 5.1 V

a. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.

DocID2143 Rev 32 9/58

VI = 11 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7806AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7806AB), unless

Table 4. Electrical characteristics of L7806A

VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 5.88 6 6.12 V

b. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.

10/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

VI = 14 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7808AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7808AB), unless

Table 5. Electrical characteristics of L7808A

VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 7.84 8 8.16 V

ΔVO (1) Line regulation VI = 11 to 17 V 15 80 mV

c. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.

DocID2143 Rev 32 11/58

VI = 15 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7809AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7809AB), unless

Table 6. Electrical characteristics of L7809A

VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 8.82 9 9.18 V

ΔVO (1) Line regulation VI = 11 to 17 V 15 90 mV

d. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.

12/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

VI = 19 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7812AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7812AB), unless

Table 7. Electrical characteristics of L7812A

VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 11.75 12 12.25 V

ΔVO (1) Line regulation VI = 16 to 12 V 16 120 mV

e. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.

DocID2143 Rev 32 13/58

VI = 23 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7815AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7815AB), unless

Table 8. Electrical characteristics of L7815A

VO Output voltage TJ = 25°C 14.7 15 15.3 V

ΔVO (1) Line regulation VI = 20 to 26 V 16 150 mV

f. Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.

14/58 DocID2143 Rev 32

VI = 33 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7824AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7824AB), unless

92 9;;55

9,PLQ9;;9'523PD[