The essential pocketbook for Nikon users!

Photography Field Guide

52 PAGES!
All you need to
become a better
photographer
 DEPTH OF FIELD the SPEED Scale Understanding WIDE-ANGLE TO
EXPLAINED EXPLAINED the ISO Scale TELEPHOTO
The aperture you use is the main factor in dictating Just like aperture settings and ISOs, shutter The focal length of a lens and its angle of view
ISO settings go up in fixed values, with intermediate
how much of the scene appears sharp. The narrower speeds go in a fixed sequence, although sometimes go hand in hand. Wide-angle lenses have shorter
settings available, too. High ISOs can be useful in
the aperture opening (and the larger the f-stop intermediate values are used, too focal lengths, while telephoto lenses have long focal
low light, although the ‘noise’ in the image increases
number), the more of the image will be in focus lengths. The effective focal length, or EFL, is also
given for Nikon APS-C (1.5x crop) sensor DSLRs
ISO12,800
1/4000
One stop = ISO10,000
shutter 1/3200 400mm
ISO8000 (EFL 600mm)
open twice 1/2500
f/4 as long
1/2000 ISO6400
1/1600 ISO5000 200mm
(EFL 300mm)
1/1250 ISO4000
Fast shutter
f/5.6 speeds = 1/1000
MORE NOISE

Wider apertures = less depth of field sharp images 1/800

ISO3200 135mm
of moving ISO2500 (EFL 202.5mm)
subjects 1/640

HIGH SENSITIVITY
1/500 ISO2000

FAST SHUTTER SPEED

60mm

LESS DEPTH OF FIELD

1/400 ISO1600 (EFL 90mm)
f/8 1/320 ISO1250
1/250 ISO1000 30mm
(EFL 45mm)
1/200
1/160
ISO800
TWO STOPS

f/11 ISO640 18mm

Mid-apertures = best image quality 1/125 (EFL 27mm)
1/100 ISO500
10mm
1/80 ISO400 (EFL 15mm)
1/60 ISO320
f/16 1/50
ISO250
1/40

MORE DEPTH OF FIELD

LOW SENSITIVITY
LESS NOISE

Slow shutter 1/30 ISO200

SLOW SHUTTER SPEED

speeds = ISO160
blurred 1/25
images of ISO125
ONE STOP

f/22 1/20
Narrower apertures = more depth of field
moving
subjects 1/15 ISO100
Contents For all
Nikon
DSLRs
Introducing Nikon
22 The mode dial
Master the exposure modes
•modes
Auto mode • Program mode • Scene
• Aperture Priority mode • Shutter
Priority mode • Manual mode • Video mode

04 S
 et up your Nikon
From opening the box to Using your Nikon
taking your first shot

36 Composing your shots

08 Pick the right lens Discover the best ways to
Pick the best lens whatever align and take your shots
the shooting situation
40 Focusing your Nikon
Get up close and personal
with your shots

42 Metering your shots

Take control over how your
camera reads the light

14 Essential kit 44 Control white balance 46 Master ISO

Must-have accessories Discover how the white Understand this essential
for Nikon photographers balance affects colour element of exposure
16 Cleaning your Nikon 48 Work with flash
Keep your camera body Illuminate your subject
and lens clean with the use of a flashgun
18 The Nikon buttons 50 SnapBridge
Take control of your
Take remote control of your
camera’s functions
camera and share shots
20 The Nikon menus
How to navigate your
Nikon’s menu system There’s an extensive lineup of Nikon
cameras to suit all skill levels and budgets

3
GETTING STARTED S e t up your Nikon

Set up your Nikon

Everything you need to know to get more from your new Nikon camera

W
hether it’s an upgrade or
your first step into the world
of digital photography, a new
camera is an exciting purchase.
However, a shiny new Nikon – with
all its buttons and dials – can be a
little overwhelming, leaving you
wondering how to get started.
In this guide, we will take you
through the process of setting up
your camera from the moment you
take it out of the box. Once you’re
ready to go, continue through this
essential field guide and discover
how lenses work, what the various
exposure modes do, how to
compose shots, and crucial
controls such as focusing,metering,
white balance and ISO. So what are
you waiting for? Lift the lid and let
us help you get started!

What you’ll need Essential extras for your camera

Camera bag Cleaning cloth Memory card

A camera bag helps keep your kit safe Dust and smudges on your lens can Most Nikon cameras use SD cards
and secure on the go. There are many show up in your photos. Carry a (and their higher capacity SDHC and
types available, from shoulder bags to microfibre cloth and use it to keep your SDXC variants). Invest in a bunch to
backpacks, all of varying sizes. LCD screen clear, too. store your photos on.

4
 set up your nikon
What’s in the box? Learn about the important bits supplied in the box

1 Use the supplied camera strap to reduce

the risk of dropping your camera.

2 Keep hold of the manual, as you’ll need it

to learn about your specific camera.

3 Most important of all is the camera itself!

4 If you’ve purchased a more basic DSLR,

then it will probably come with a kit lens.

5 New cameras usually come with a digital

copy of the manual and editing software.

6 Plug your battery into the charger for a

few hours before you start setting up.

7 You will be supplied with cables to

connect your camera to a computer
and other devices. 1 Strap
2 Manual
3 Camera

4 Lens
5 Software
6 Battery
charger
7 USB cables

5
GETTING STARTED S e t up your Nikon

Prepare your Nikon

Set up your new Nikon the right way to start shooting your best shots
1 Insert the battery
Insert your camera
battery into the battery
chamber, which is found
on the bottom of the
camera. If your battery
is low on power or your
camera does not turn on,
you will need to charge it
up first using the supplied
battery charger.

2 Attach the lens 3 Attach the strap

Remove the cap on the front of your camera and the cap on Feed each end of the strap through the lugs on either side of
the bottom of the lens. Align the markings on the lens and the camera and then secure into place. Adjust the length so
camera and turn the lens clockwise to lock it. that it’s comfortable to carry around when you out shooting.

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 set up your nikon
Delve into your
camera’s menu

1 Set the date and time

Input the correct time and date so
this information will be recorded
with your photos, making them
easier to organize. You will find this
option in the Setup menu.

4 Insert the memory card 2 Format the card

Before you start shooting, insert a memory card to store your photos on. The Formatting your memory card
memory card slot can be found under a door on the side of the camera and has will set it up for your camera and
markings to show you which way round to insert the card. optimize performance. It will also
delete any content on the card, so
back everything up first.

3 Adjust the LCD

Ensure the LCD screen is bright
enough. Some cameras adjust
brightness automatically, or you
can do it from the menu.

4 Choose a file type

5 Focus the viewfinder In the Quality section, set type and
DSLRs have an optical viewfinder, which you will need to focus correctly so that size. JPEGs are created in-camera.
you have a clear view of what you’re shooting. Rotate the dioptre dial next to the Raw files offer more flexibility but
viewfinder until the shooting information appears crisp and sharp. have to be processed first.

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Getting started P i c k the right Nikon lens

Pick the right Nikon lens

Discover which lenses you need to capture the shots you want

T
he beauty of DSLRs is their ability to change lenses depending on the mood,
occasion or subject. For shooting sweeping vistas and landscapes, photographers
might plump for a focal length of 35mm or wider. For portraiture, a standard or
‘normal’ telephoto is required, carrying a focal length of between 35 and 85mm, with
our eyesight equivalent to around 50mm. Medium telephotos of 100-300mm are often
prized by wildlife and action enthusiasts, whereas super-telephotos of 300mm or
more gift sports fans with the ability to reach far-away subjects. In this complete guide
to lenses you’ll discover everything you need to know about choosing the right lens for
the job, as well as tips for getting a perfect shot.

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 the right lens

Landscape
Rule of thirds
Bring up the viewfinder’s grid display in the shooting/display
menu. Now align the most interesting aspects of your scene
along these lines or at intersecting points for greater impact

Tripod
Landscape images are
sharp from corner to corner,
which requires a narrow
aperture, balanced by a
longer exposure. You may
need a high ISO if shooting
handheld, or a tripod if not

Wide-angle lens
Leading lines Wide-angle lenses
Landscape photographers use lines (approximately 16-28mm)
within their compositions to lead the are the most appropriate for
viewer into the focal point of image, landscapes because they allow
for example a pier, a bridge, a pathway, you to photograph a large field of
a hedge, a railway track an so on view with little distortion

Take a look Top lenses for stunning landscape shots

Nikon AF 16mm f/2.8D Nikon AF-S 16-35mm Nikon AF-S 24mm
Diagonal Fisheye f/4G ED VR f/1.4G ED
A slightly more unusual The ultra wide-angle The prized AF 24mm
lens, perhaps best suited zoom lens has become a f/1.4G ED is a class-leading
to the avant-garde, common weapon of choice wide-angle prime lens with
journalistic or adventurous for lovers of landscape an ultra-fast aperture of
landscape shooter. The photography, thanks to f/1.4. It boasts a superior
FX-format lens boasts an its suitable and versatile optical DNA that delivers sharp images
attractive ultra-wide, fixed focal length, focal range with constant f/4 aperture. even in low-light, and is a popular
which may not appeal to everyone, but Aimed at prosumers and the serious choice with professional landscape
it is a remarkable lens for capturing enthusiast, the FX-format lens adopts shooters. Its wide aperture results
large swathes of land, sea or sky, two focus modes (M/A and A) and also in a brighter viewfinder image and
particularly in low light, thanks to its provides a Nano Crystal Coat for ghost makes it a superb choice for low-light
fast maximum aperture. and flare reduction. landscapes in particular.
Price £665/$1000 Price £900/$1100 Price £1500/$2000

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Getting started P i c k the right Nikon lens

Portrait
Depth of field
To draw attention to your subject, wash out the background with
a fairly wide aperture of around f/5.6. For newborns, concentrate
on smaller details such as toes and ears, and go even wider

Colour
A flash of colour in
a portrait instantly
injects an extra
area of interest.
Use soft, pastel
shades to reflect
gentle subjects such
as newborns, and
energetic tones for
older children

Emotion
There is so much
more scope for
portraiture than a
simple cheesy grin
can offer. Attempt
to capture a range
of moods, from
melancholy to
jovial, serious
to frenzied Light
If you are shooting your
model outdoors the
best portraits are taken
in good yet even light. If
the sun is too high in the
sky it will cause shadows
and squinting, so place
the subject in the shade

Take a look Quality lenses to make your portraits shine

Nikon AF-S 24-70mm Nikon AF-S 50mm f/1.8G Nikon AF-S 85mm f/1.4G
f/2.8E ED VR This lens is a special This stunning
This high-end zoom lens edition of the popular professional medium
is versatile and will enable 50mm f/1.8 lens and telephoto prime lens is
creative portraiture. brags a lightweight, designed for use with
Although a lens with a compact build, not to FX-format cameras.
wide angle of view isn’t mention a fashionable Its outstanding optical
always used for portraits, retro design. Its fast aperture makes performance in part is due to its wide
this lens with a bright fixed the lens a great candidate for low- aperture of f/1.4, which not only makes
aperture will give the photographer light shooting or when a shallow it appropriate for low-light portraits
flexibility. The quality glass teamed depth of field is called for. Its DNA but also those where the photographer
with Vibration Reduction means coupled with its impressive results wishes to generate soft creamy edges
that image quality is impressive and make it the perfect portrait lens for and backgrounds, such as those
camera shake will be controlled. a photographer on a budget. associated with newborn photography.
Price £1850/$2400 Price £190/$220 Price £1350/$1600

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 the right lens

Travel
The witching hour
Cities are transformed at night, so it’s worth returning for a second
shoot. Use a tripod for lengthy exposures or balance the camera
on a wall, and then trigger the shot with the timer

The heart of the place

When travelling abroad work hard
to capture shots that tell the story
behind the place. Find out what
makes it special or different and
capture these elements first

Keep an eye on ISO

Much travel
Candid portraits photography is shot
Street photography is a fascinating handheld as there isn’t
sub-genre to pursue whilst always time or space
travelling. Keep stealthy by to erect a tripod. To
preprogramming the settings and compensate for longer
keep the camera by your side until focal lengths make sure
you’re ready to take the shot you bump up the ISO

Take a look Explore these lenses to take on your travels

Nikon AF-S 24-85mm Nikon AF-S DX 18-200mm Nikon AF-S 35mm
f/3.5-4.5G ED VR f/3.5-5.6G ED VR II f/1.8G ED
This high-performance, When you are travelling A 35mm lens offers
FX-format travel lens you’ll want to carry as little an angle of view that is
is more compact than kit as possible, so investing wider than that of the
some of the other in a zoom with a wider- human eye. This classic
suggestions here, which ranging focal length is focal length is often used
makes it ideal for those worthwhile. This lens offers by documentary photographers to
seeking a transportable lens. Its focal great low-light performance and the capture their surroundings. It provides
length covers the most commonly inclusion of Vibration Reduction means a perspective that lends itself really
used focal lengths, from wide-angle your handheld shots should be sharp. well to travel photography, and this
to normal-telephoto, which makes It offers fast, quiet and responsive fast, bright, f/1.8 lens is the perfect
it suitable for those mainly shooting autofocus, which will be invaluable travel companion. The lens is small,
travel landscapes and portraits. when you are out shooting. lightweight and extremely versatile.
Price £430/$500 Price £630/$650 Price £450/$530

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Getting started P i c k the right Nikon lens

Macro
Rain or shine
Macros work whatever the weather, so don’t be afraid to
shoot in the rain. Closely cropped shots of delicate rain
drops on a cobweb or flower petal can be extraordinary

Support
Most macro lenses
are on the bulky
side, which makes
keeping still tricky
when shooting at
close range. Opt for a
tripod that has a low
minimum height so
you can get close-to-
the-ground images

Colour correction
Getting the correct colour
Texture and detail values is essential in
One reason macro shots are so macro photography. Take
inviting is because of the amount of a manual white balance
detail and texture photographers can reading off a grey piece of
draw out of a subject. But in extreme card or shoot in Raw and
close-ups depth of field is very then perfect the values
shallow, so set a narrow aperture post-shoot

Take a look Revel in the detail with these lenses

Nikon AF-S DX Nikon AF-S 60mm Nikon AF-S 105mm
40mm f/2.8G Micro f/2.8G ED Micro f/2.8G IF-ED VR Micro
The 40mm DX-format Currently Nikon’s most The AF-S 105mm f/2.8G
macro lens offers compact FX-format IF-ED VR Micro presents
a fast maximum macro lens, this vibration reduction in a
aperture of f/2.8 and versatile product, macro lens package. Its
a 1:1 reproduction which weighs 440g, body incorporates a Silent
ratio, making it a also provides macro- Wave Motor for quieter
perfect choice for close-ups. Its Silent enthusiasts with capturing, plus its lens is enhanced
Wave Motor ensures quiet autofocus, an essential 1:1 reproduction ratio. with an extra-low dispersion (ED) glass
so that you can get as close to your What’s more the lens offers close elements for minimizing chromatic
subject as possible without scaring it range correction (CRC), a system that aberrations. The lens offers users a
off; ideal when shooting insects and delivers stellar focusing performance 310mm minimum focusing distance
flighty animals. at close range and far-off distances. for 1:1 reproduction.
Price £240/$280 Price £480/$600 Price £750/$900

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 the right lens

Action & wildlife

Short, sharp shots
To capture the action you’ll need to use a very fast
shutter speed. To do this try raising the ISO to take
that speed to the next level

Telephoto zoom lenses

Telephoto zoom lenses are
ideal for shooting sports
where the players move
closer and further away from
you during the event

Big lens, bigger tripod

Telephoto lenses tend to be
long and heavy, as such you’ll
Telephoto prime lenses need a tripod or some form
Fixed-focal length lenses offer enhanced image of support such as the back
quality and a faster maximum aperture. Use of a chair to help ensure your
this type of telephoto lens when the action is captures are steady and the
held at the same distance details crisp

Take a look Capture all of the action using these lenses

Nikon AF-S 105mm Nikon AF-S 70-200mm Nikon AF-S 200-400mm
f/1.4E ED f/2.8E FL ED VR f/4G ED VR II
This is an exceptional A 70-200mm lens is an A world-class high-end lens
medium-telephoto essential piece of kit for a designed for professional
lens if you’re hoping serious photographer. This sports, action and wildlife
to combine wildlife iteration is faster, lighter shooters. The FX-format
portraiture and low- and more agile than ever compatible super telephoto
light shooting. With a before. The f/2.8 aperture zoom lens is constructed
maximum aperture of combined with improved from 24 elements in 17
f/1.4 and 1m minimum AF tracking, exposure groups and presents four ED glass
focus distance, you will be able to fill control and VR Sport mode will mean elements for minimizing chromatic
your shot with as much texture and that you’ll never miss a moment and aberrations. Its VR system, designed to
detail as possible, which is great for be able to capture impressively sharp combat camera shake, enables shutter
intimate animal portraits. images in the toughest of conditions. speeds up to three stops slower.
Price £1850/$2200 Price £2300/$2800 Price £6100/$7000

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Getting Started E s s e n t i a l kit

Essential kit
Improve and expand your photography skills
and experience with these must-have items

Lenses
From fisheye to
super-telephoto, there’s
a lens for everything. Lenses with focal
lengths below 35mm are wide-angle,
50-85mm are standard lenses, over
100mm is telephoto. Lenses of a fixed
focal length are called prime lenses, those
with variable focal lengths are zooms.
The wider a lens’s maximum aperture (eg
Filters
There are plenty of filters available, each impacting your shots
f/2.8), the more pleasing background blur.
in a different way. UV filters are totally transparent, serving
primarily to protect the front element of your lens. You can
also get polarizing filters, which boost colour and reduce
glare. A popular choice for landscape photographers is a
neutral density filter, which is a relatively opaque filter used to
extend exposure times for more creative and unique results.
Camera bag
As your camera equipment
builds up, it’s a good idea to get
hold of a bag that can fit your
kit – plus extras like laptops and
spare cards or batteries – into
it. Think about what you need
from your camera bag: you’ll
want it padded to protect your
kit and your shoulders, but think
about what style you want, too.
Backpacks are best if you travel a
lot, while shoulder bags offer ease
of access.
Tripod
A tripod is vital if you want to
use a long exposure and want
to avoid camera movement.
Look for a sturdy one that
can hold heavier loads. There
are different types of heads
available too. Ball heads can
be manipulated more easily
and locked into position,
while three-way heads
enable more precise
compositions.

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 essential kit
Lens pen or cloth Memory card
Lens spots and dust motes are an expected annoyance As old analogue cameras required film
when using lenses on a regular basis. Trust in a reliable to store images on, digital cameras need
make of lens cloth or pen to wipe away marks and stains memory cards. Most common of all are SD,
before you begin capturing your subject. This will save SDHC and SDXC cards, which are relatively
you time later on, cloning and removing the blemishes cheap, while top-end Nikons use XQD
in editing software. cards, which are much faster and higher
capacity, and therefore better suited to
storing images with larger file sizes.

Remote control
If you enjoy shooting landscapes, seascapes
or nightscapes, you may wish to invest in a
remote control. These types of shots call for
longer exposures and, as such, any movement
the camera and tripod are subjected to will
blur in your shot. Using the camera’s self-timer
or, even better, a tethered or wireless remote
control, will eradicate this.

Flashgun
While some Nikons have
a built-in pop-up flash,
a dedicated Speedlite
is much more powerful
and versatile, and the
flash can be bounced
off ceilings or walls, or
fired remotely off-camera
for much more creative
lighting setups. The
SB-5000 is a reliable,
high-end flash gun that
is both compact and
powerful, with a zoom
range of 14-200mm to
suit a variety of lens focal
lengths, and can also
take up to 100 full power
flash bursts without
overheating, perfect for
longer shoots.

15
Getting Started C l e a n i n g your Nikon

Cleaning your Nikon

If you want to keep your Nikon camera in pristine condition
and working its best, you need to learn how to clean it

G
iving your Nikon a good clean will help to prolong its life and ensure it is performing to
its best ability. Marks on the lens can show up in your shots and general dirt on the
camera body can find its way into the inner workings, so it is in your best interest to
keep it spotless. The outer body of your camera is easy to clean yourself at home. Here’s
how we recommend you go about it…

16
 cleaning

1 Blow away dust

First, use a rocket blower to blow away any
loose dust and dirt on your camera body and lens.
Simply squeeze the device to create a puff of air.

2 Apply cleaning solution 3 Use a microfibre cloth

An alcohol-based lens cleaning fluid will help you remove A microfibre cloth is the best option for lens cleaning as it
any stubborn marks and smudges on your lens. Apply to will really lift away any dirt. Just make sure you wash your
the lens and wipe with a microfibre cloth. cloth regularly to keep it as clean as possible.

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getting Started T h e N i k o n b u tt o n s

The Nikon buttons

Get to know your way around your Nikon camera by learning
what all those buttons do and learn to identify them easily
When you first get your Nikon camera – or even when you’ve had it for quite some time –
you might not know what all of those fiddly buttons are for. What are their functions?
This guide aims to inform you about what all of them do, so you’ll be an expert in no time!

6 7
10

8 9 11 12

1 Playback The Playback 2 Menu In order to adjust 3 Zoom Sometimes you

button will bring up all the the majority of settings need to examine images
stills and video footage you’ll need to first press this more closely. Use this button
recorded on the memory card on Menu button to find the option you to zoom into images in Playback mode
the rear LCD. want to change. or when shooting in Live View.

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 N i k o n B u tt o n s
4 Thumbnail/Zoom out/
Help Show images as
thumbnails, zoom out of an
image in Playback or Live View modes,
or bring up the help screen.

5 Information See the main

settings you have currently 13 16 17 18 19 20
selected, such as shutter
speed, aperture, ISO, metering mode,
drive mode, image quality, and so on.
14
6 AE-L/AF-L The
AutoExposure-Lock holds
the current exposure. 15
AutoFocus-Lock stops the camera
finding a new object to focus on.

7 Command dial The

command dial is used to
affect settings, for example
it can widen the aperture or slow down
shutter speed.

8 Live View Instead of

composing through the
viewfinder, you can use the
LCD screen instead (Live View). This is
also ideal for recording movies.

9 OK button When you want 13 Pop-up flash This 17 Shutter button The
to change a setting or action lightning bolt icon most important on the
a command you’ll need to symbolizes the pop-up camera is the shutter
use the OK button in order to confirm flash. Simply hit it when a bit of extra release. Press the shutter button to
the instruction. illumination is required. fire the shot (or half-press to focus).

10 Multi selector This 14 Manual/Autofocus 18 Info The function of

refers to the ring around the switch To control the focus this button varies between
OK button. Use these arrows yourself push this switch to Nikon models. Check your
to navigate through the menus, make M for manual, otherwise let the camera manual to see what it does on your
selections or move the AF point. do the work with autofocus. particular camera.

11 Burst mode/self-timer 15 Lens release Hold down 19 Exposure

Use these controls to alter this button and gently twist compensation This
how many shots are fired the lens to remove it. Change enables you to override the
in one go, or to utilize the camera’s lenses quickly to avoid dust and debris suggested settings, allowing you to
self-timer mode. collecting on the sensor. quickly underexpose or overexpose.

12 Delete When you’re 16 Movie record Shown 20 Mode dial This selects
reviewing images in Playback as a small red dot, the movie between the various
mode, use this delete button record button fast-tracks exposure modes, offering
to erase unwanted captures. You’ll movie-makers to the dedicated manual and semi-automatic options,
need to confirm this action. video recording mode. as well as fully auto and scene modes.

19
GETTING STARTED T h e Nikon menus

The Nikon menus

Discover all there is to know about Nikon’s menu system

N
ikon’s camera menu system may not sound like the most glamorous or
scintillating facet of the device, but understanding how to use it – and how
to use it well – can really enhance your photography.
By exploring, learning and changing the menu options, photographers have
the ability to take control away from the camera and hand themselves the reins
to execute stronger, more dynamic and interesting imagery. What’s more,
photographers who understand how to manipulate the in-camera system will be
in a better place to challenge themselves in tricky lighting conditions or in more
complex shooting situations. So are you ready to learn more? Let’s get started…

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 Nikon menus

Playback Shooting
Your Nikon’s first, but often overlooked, menu is the This is one of the most frequented and thus important
Playback menu. It allows users to make changes to menus in the camera. It holds settings that optimize
how images are presented when reviewing them. how the images are recorded.

Custom Setting Setup

This accesses many sub-menus for fine-tuning operation, The Setup menu contains a portfolio of housekeeping
including: Autofocus, Metering/exposure, Timers/AE options such as LCD brightness, Clean Image Sensor,
lock, Shooting/display, Bracketing/flash and Controls. Time/Date, GPS activation, Language and more.

Retouch My Menu
If you’re unhappy with an image or just want to get This area of the menu system is for you to create a
creative, travel to the Retouch menu to jazz it up. customizable list of settings to your own liking and
The original image will remain unchanged. can contain up to 20 items.

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Modes A u t o mode

Auto mode
P

S
A
Auto
M Discover more about your Nikon’s
beginner-friendly Auto mode

A
uto mode is known for being a straightforward,
no-fuss point-and-shoot setting. It’s also easy to
identify on your Nikon’s mode dial, and features on
almost all of its camera models, with the exception of
professional-level DSLRs. Beginners who are keen to get
stuck into their photography can sometimes overlook this
powerful setting and head straight for the scene modes or
semi-automatic (P, A, S) settings. However, Auto is a great
place to start developing your skills; in fact, as a shooting
Go Auto Switch to Auto mode to mode it has the capacity to capture some really great
capture quick shots on the go without
having to master your camera manual images indoors and out.

22
 Auto mode

If your Nikon offers Live

View, select it in Auto and
use the on-screen grid to
compose better images
Auto mode is designed to essentially take care of the
exposure for you, which means you won’t have to learn the
ins and outs of how aperture and shutter speed work
▲ No-fuss results Although Auto is
together right away. It also determines the best focus, white a simple point-and-shoot mode, it’s
balance and ISO settings for the scene for you. Newer still capable of capturing great, even
exposures without fuss
models offer slightly more advanced Auto modes that are
able to detect the type of scene you’re shooting, in order to
determine the best settings for the shot. Most also enable
you to turn the flash off, which is handy if you’re shooting
low-light landscapes. Some even give you the option to
select Continuous or Burst mode so that you can capture
a series of action shots quickly.
Although Auto may seem a little limiting in terms of
creative control, there are benefits to letting the camera
take care of all the settings for you: it means you can focus
on developing basic skills in other important areas of Great results instantly Auto is
photography first – such as mastering composition, a key great for straightforward shots and
particularly useful if you want to
element in any great image. simply point and shoot
Use your camera’s Auto mode as you advance your skills Go further Explore your camera’s
in this area, and turn to page 36 to find out more about semi-automatic modes for more
creative control over the outcome
improving your compositions. of your images

23
Modes S c e n e modes

Aut
o
P
S
A
Scene modes
Switch to your Nikon’s scene modes to capture
M impressive images of specific subjects

S
cene modes are a lot like your Nikon’s Auto mode: they
take care of exposure settings so you can focus solely
on framing the shot. Unlike your Auto mode, however,
scene modes are slightly more advanced, and are designed
to shoot images using the best combination of settings for
your chosen subject.
Most cameras offer an array of scene modes, with some
of the most common being portrait, landscape, close-up
and action. For example, by selecting the Portrait scene
mode, which is represented by a face icon, the camera will
automatically set a wider aperture (between f/2 and f/5.6)
The right mode for the job Most in order to increase depth of field so that the background
Nikon cameras offer a selection of softly blurs out, making your model the main focus point.
scene modes to suit almost all
photographic subjects Other scene modes make similar adjustments in order to

24
 Scene modes

The best options Scene modes are

optimize images, like increasing colour vibrancy and fantastic for specific subjects, as they
contrast for Landscapes or setting faster shutter speeds select the best settings for the scene

for capturing action in the Sports mode.

The number of scene modes you have is dependent
on your camera type, but most cameras cover the main
photographic genres. Selecting a scene mode is quick and
easy: simply rotate the mode dial to the icon that best
represents the scene or subject you’re shooting. You can
even control the use of on-camera flash with most scene
modes, or select Burst mode for continuous capture. Some
scene modes even enable you to change your white balance
setting so you ensure your shots are free from colour casts.
Scene modes are a fantastic way to step up from Auto.
However, you may find at times you don’t get the exact
results you were after – which is a sign that you’re ready to
rotate the mode dial round to more advanced settings that
can give you much more creative control.

Scene modes are designed to shoot

images using the best combination
of settings for your chosen subject Pick the scene Scene modes appear
as illustrated icons. Select one that best
represents your scene or subject

25
Modes p r o g r a m mode

Program mode
M
A

S
P Take more control over your images using your
Nikon’s semi-automatic Program mode
to

P
Au

rogram mode (P) appears on the Nikon mode dial

alongside other semi-automatic modes (A, S) and
full Manual control (M). Program may seem much
more advanced, and to an extent it is, but it’s still a
straightforward shooting mode, even for beginners.
In fact, it’s a great starting point for those keen to learn
more about their exposure settings without making
mistakes and missing a shot.
On the surface, Program mode is a lot like your camera’s
Auto setting, as it calculates the best shutter speed and
aperture setting. Unlike Auto, however, Program can be
▼ Get more from your shots Select
much more flexible: it also enables you to adjust other
Program mode to get a little more settings, each of which can have a creative impact on your
creative with in-camera settings
without the risk of ruining your shots images. These include metering modes, flash, ISO, white

26
 Program mode

balance, focusing modes and exposure compensation. The ▲ Balanced exposure Program
mode is a safe setting to learn about
Program mode’s adjustments of any of these can affect the exposure: it selects the best exposure
combination of aperture and shutter speed your camera settings based on the scene and
camera lens you’re using
decides to select, which means you’re able to take much
more control over the outcome of your images.
You can take things a step further too, as Program mode
enables you to shift and override the combination of
settings that the camera chooses. This means that if the
camera has decided to set a narrow aperture, for example,
but you would like to shoot with a wider aperture, you can
adjust the aperture and the shutter speed will automatically
align itself with your chosen setting.
Program mode is a handy way to learn more about the
relationship between shutter speeds and aperture, as you’ll
be able to see exactly what combinations the camera
favours when adjusting one setting over the other. This will
get you ready to experiment with more advanced modes.

Program mode is a safe setting to learn ▲ Keep a tripod to hand Program

more about the relationships between mode will always assume you’re
shooting handheld; if your camera

shutter speeds and aperture selects a shutter speed slower than

1/80 sec, use a tripod or adjust the
shutter speed so that the camera will
amend the aperture

27
Modes A p e r t u r e Priority mode

M Aperture
Priority mode
A Auto

S
P

Take control of exposure and discover more

about depth of field with Aperture Priority mode

C
ontrol the creative outcome of your images with the
Aperture Priority mode, represented on the mode dial
Concentrate on one thing
Aperture Priority enables you to select
by an A symbol. Aperture Priority is a semi-automatic
your desired aperture setting while the mode: it enables you to set your own aperture setting, while
camera controls shutter speed
the camera determines the best shutter speed based on
Soft and bright Aperture Priority is
great if you’re shooting subjects up your selection and the scene you’re shooting. It’s ideal for
close or in low-light conditions, as the experimenting with depth of field and is commonly used
wide aperture softens the background
and brightens the exposure for portrait, macro, still-life and low-light shots.

28
 Aperture Priority mode
Take stunning
portraits
Use wide apertures for
shallow depth of field,
and narrow apertures to
increase depth of field
 To get a shallow depth of field, which essentially blurs the 1 Select Aperture Priority
background of your image, you can select a wide aperture Set the mode dial to A. Using the
scroll wheel, set the aperture to f/4
setting (f/1.4 to f/5.6). Provided you focus your camera on so you get some background blur.
the subject in the foreground correctly, it should appear
sharp while the rest of the image blurs out. Wide apertures
make the opening inside the lens much larger which means
more light is let in; the camera will counter this by selecting
a faster shutter so that your image won’t be overexposed.
Selecting a narrow aperture (f/8 to f/22) increases depth
of field, so more of the image will appear sharp and in focus.
2  Set your focus mode
This is why narrow apertures are often selected for Stick to autofocus and select the
landscape photography. Single-Servo AF mode. Position
Narrow apertures shrink the opening inside the lens, the focus point over the face.
so less light is let in. To avoid underexposing images, the
camera will set a slower shutter speed. Watch out for this if
you’re shooting indoors or where light is low: a slow shutter
speed will make shots more susceptible to camera shake.

3 Frame and shoot

Compose your image and half-
press the shutter button to focus.
Use a reflector to bounce light.

4 Picture-perfect portraits
The wide aperture ensures the
model’s face appears sharp, with
a blurred background.

29
Modes S h u t t e r Priority mode

Shutter
M

A
S
P Au
to
Priority mode
Learn how Shutter Priority mode can control
movement in your shots for better effects

S
hutter Priority mode gives you the control that your
Auto and Sport scene modes can’t. It follows a similar
principle to Aperture Priority, and is marked with
an S on the mode dial. Select Shutter Priority mode to
Experimental shots Position your control how fast or slow your shutter opens and closes.
camera on a tripod and experiment
with slow shutter speed settings for Your camera will then calculate the best aperture setting
stunning effects in-camera
based on your selection.
Sharp shooter Switch to Shutter Shutter Priority gives you freedom to capture more
Priority mode for more creative shots
of movement or sharper shots of action noticeably creative images in-camera and is most

30
 Shutter Priority mode
Master panning in
Shutter Priority

1 Select Shutter Priority

Pick the S on the mode dial and set
a slow shutter speed; try around
1/60 sec or slower.

commonly used when photographing fast-moving subjects

or scenes that require long exposures. Inputting faster
shutter speeds (1/250 sec and above) is great for capturing
high-energy action shots of sport, and because you’re able
to determine the exact speed of your shutter in this mode,
you can also shoot sharp images of children, pets or wildlife.
2 Set your focus
Slower shutter speeds are used for capturing creative Focus on a point roughly the same
long-exposure effects. Bear in mind, however, that distance away as your moving
steadying your camera on a tripod is essential if you’re subject, and switch to Manual.
shooting with shutter speeds slower than 1/80 sec
handheld, otherwise your images will noticeably suffer
from camera shake. Use long exposures to photograph
stationary subjects in low light, such as indoor still-life or
landscapes at sunrise or sunset.
You can also use slow shutter speeds to create a sense
of motion. This is ideal for blurring water in a seascape or 3 Steady your camera
waterfall image. Panning is another technique that enables Use a monopod for support.
you to depict motion in your shots. With the right settings, When your subject comes into
view, press the shutter button.
you’ll be able to ensure your subject appears sharp in
motion while the slow shutter blurs the background.

Set your shutter speed

to a value that matches
your focal length to avoid 4 Impressive panning shots
camera shake By moving the camera while the
shutter is open, you can capture
a shot that shows speed.

31
Modes Ma n u a l Mode

M
Aut
o Manual mode
Discover how Manual mode gives you complete
A
creative control over your exposures
S
P

O
f all the shooting modes available on your Nikon,
Manual (M) is by far the most advanced. It gives you
complete control over your exposures, which means
you can adjust settings such as white balance, metering
and focusing alongside your ISO, shutter speed and
aperture. Unlike the Aperture Priority and Shutter Priority
modes, where the camera helps to balance an exposure
based on the setting you’ve selected, in Manual all the
decisions regarding exposure are up to you.
▲ Exposure control Switch to M on Manual is a great mode for experimenting, but avoid
your mode dial and you can select your
own exposure settings for the shot rushing into using this setting if you simply want to grab
Total freedom Manual mode gives
a quick shot. To get great results in Manual mode, you
you complete control, which means need to have a clear understanding of how exposure
you can use it to photograph any
subject or scene works, which is something you can start to pick up on by

32
 Ma n u a l M o d e
Shoot stunning
sunsets in Manual
Adjust the shutter speed
by rotating the scroll wheel,
and the aperture via the
front wheel
using the more supportive Program, Aperture Priority 1 Switch to Manual mode
and Shutter Priority modes first. As you use these semi- Rotate to M. Select the self-timer
or use a remote shutter release
automatic settings, pay attention to how the camera to reduce camera shake.
assists your exposure, then apply similar principles
when you’re ready to explore full Manual mode. Although
mastering Manual mode can be a trial-and-error process,
taking some time to really experiment with it, even as
a beginner, is definitely worthwhile.
With practice, you’ll start to feel confident in Manual
mode, which is when it’s really worth experimenting with
2 Adjust your settings
different combinations of aperture and shutter speed. Set a narrow aperture for a sharp
Help is at hand too, as all cameras come with a light result, and a slow shutter speed to
meter, which you can preview inside the viewfinder or on avoid an underexposed shot.
your LCD screen when using Live View to shoot. The light
meter will indicate whether your image will be under- or
overexposed, based on the settings you’ve selected.
The marker should appear towards the ‘0’ for an evenly
exposed image; if it sits towards the ‘-’ your image may
be underexposed, or overexposed if it’s nearer the ‘+’.
3  Compose the scene
Use Live View and focus a third of
the way into the frame. Release
the shutter to activate the timer.

4 The result
The slow shutter speed blurred
the moving water, and the narrow
aperture means it is all sharp.

33
Modes V i d e o modes

Au
to
Video mode
Capture high-quality video with your camera
M using Nikon’s dedicated Video mode
A

P
S

N
ikon was the first camera manufacturer to introduce
video recording into DSLRs with the launch of its D90
model. Due to its success, Video mode is now
considered a staple feature in most cameras, including
compacts. Being able to access both stills and video
capture in a single camera means it’s even easier to record
precious moments on the go.
If your Nikon camera offers Video mode, it may appear
Pick and choose Most Nikon
cameras combine still capture on the mode dial as a video camera icon, or it could be
with video these days, so you can
seamlessly switch between shooting accessed via a switch that turns the camera from still to
either format video on the back of the camera. On some models, you
▼ Still from moving You can grab
may even have to select it via the menu interface. Check
low-resolution stills from HD video your Nikon manual to see if Video mode is available on
footage, which is great if you want a
single photographic frame of the action your camera – most newer cameras have it.

34
 Video Mode
Activate Video
mode on your Nikon

1 Select your frame size

Select the Movie Settings menu
and click on Movie Quality. Set the
video size to 1080p for HD quality.

Once you’ve selected Video mode, switch to Live View to

compose and record footage on the camera’s back LCD
screen. You’ll need to select the movie quality and frame
size prior to recording, which is accessible via the main
menu. Almost all Nikon cameras offer HD video recording
2 Input your settings
at either 720p or full 1080p, alongside smaller frame Optionally, in the Movie Settings
sizes, which can be useful if you want to upload video menu, turn on Manual movie
online without having to edit it first. Many newer high-end settings for more creative effects.
models are 4K compatible, which enables you to shoot
videos of extremely high quality.
All Nikon cameras that offer Video mode come with
built-in microphones, but you can purchase an external
mic for some Nikon models so you can record better-
quality sound.
While you’re recording, you can take full control over 3 Turn on Live View
your camera settings, which is great if you want to Set your white balance and
adjust the depth of field using aperture, or to alter the aperture. You have to select Live
View before you begin recording.
white balance. You can focus manually or use selected
autofocus modes, which include a tracking feature.

Experiment with your

white balance setting if
you want to illustrate a 4 Add light
mood in your movies Optionally attach an LED light.
Then just press Record (red dot
button) and press it again to stop.

35
Using your nikon C o m p o s i n g your shots

Composing your shots

Anyone can take an okay photo – but to take a really 
great shot, you need to master the art of composition

C
omposition is one of the most basic yet important skills for creating images, and
is used by artists and photographers alike. It describes what is included within
the frame and where it is positioned, with the aim of creating the most engaging
and visually pleasing image possible. How you compose a photo can have a big
impact on how it is interpreted, so it is one of the first things you should learn about
in photography. In this guide, we will take you through some simple tips for creating
stunning images every time, no matter which Nikon you own.

▲ Lead the eye When you take a photo of any scene, it can be tempting to
Including natural lines in your photos simply point and click so you can move on to the next shot.
helps to guide the viewer through the
shot. Look out for fences, paths and However, taking your time over an image will allow you to
rivers that will direct your viewer’s gaze,
but make sure that these lines don’t consider more carefully the best way to capture it and how
lead them out of the frame you want others to interpret it. By putting more thought into
how you compose a shot, you can convey the message you
want, and create an image that is more appealing to the eye.
There is no definitive rule for what makes a great photo,
but there are a few tried-and-tested techniques that will give
you a good starting point when you compose a photo. The
most basic thing to remember is to keep it simple: an overly
cluttered photo will leave the viewer not knowing where to
look first. Ideally, you want to guide them through the photo
so that they can explore the entire scene in a logical way.

36
 composing

▲ Experiment with angles

Once you’ve taken a shot, try taking it
again from a different angle to get a new
perspective. Low angles work well for
shooting tall buildings, as they will make
the structure look more imposing
Look for symmetry
Symmetrical subjects are pleasing to the
eye, so they can make for great photos.
Reflections are great for creating symmetry
and also allow you to break the rule of thirds,
as it’s best to position the horizon through
the middle of the frame

▼ Leave some space

With moving subjects, leave active space in
front of them to show where they are going,
otherwise you will be directing your viewer
out of the frame

37
Using your nikon C o m p o s i n g your shots

▲ Include a frame inside a frame

To really draw attention to your main
subject, place them within a frame.
Archways, windows, and even tree
branches can be used as natural frames
and will make sure the viewer knows
exactly where to look in your photo

38
 composing

One of the simplest ways to do this is with the ‘rule of thirds’.

This is a technique typically used by painters, but it works ▲ Compose with colour
Bright colours will add impact to your
for digital photography, too. It involves dividing the scene shots and grab people’s attention. To
prevent a cluttered photo, try to include
into a grid with nine equal parts, then positioning the main no more than three different colour
focal point along one of the lines or intersecting points. The tones in the frame and make sure that
all the colours complement each other
idea is that the image will be more engaging if the main
subject is positioned off-centre rather than in the middle of
the frame, as this is where the viewer is likely to look first.
You can imagine a grid over your scene, or see if your
camera has a gridline display you can use instead.
Another great way to guide your viewer is with lines. This
could be a line of trees, a pathway or fence, a river or a road.
Position the line so it leads towards your main subject
rather than out of the frame. The same can be said for Choose your
moving subjects or ones that are looking at something; you focal length
should have them facing into the shot with some space in Focal length can have a big
front of them so you don’t lead the viewer out of the frame. effect on the look of your
Of course, all of these ‘rules’ can be broken if you think photos. A short focal length
allows you to fit more into
a different approach will work better for a particular image. your photos, creating a sense
You could choose to centre your main subject to give your that you could step into the
shot some symmetry, for example. scene. However, this can also
cause your images to appear
distorted, as short focal
lengths tend to exaggerate

The image will be more engaging if the objects that are closest to
the lens, and stretch the rest
main subject is positioned off-centre off into the distance. Zoom
in to bring everything closer
rather than in the middle of the frame together and create a more
natural-looking image.

39
Using your nikon F o c u s i n g your nikon

Focusing
your Nikon
Learn how to keep your shots
pin-sharp with the right focus
mode, focusing tricks and
some clever ways to avoid
camera shake

E
diting software has come a long
way and now boasts some
incredible tools to sharpen up soft
shots. However, they can’t save one
that’s simply out of focus, so it’s vital
to learn how to keep it sharp in-
camera. The best way to do this is to
learn the right mode for the job, as well
as utilizing tricks like pre-focusing, and
selecting your AF point.
Cameras like the Nikon D500 and
D5, with their outstanding 153-point
AF system, will give the photographer
exceptionally wide coverage when
shooting detail. Their new image
metering sensors deliver staggeringly
accurate subject recognition and
detail, which makes focusing easy.
Read on to explore focusing
methods further. But to begin with,
learn the most basic method of
focusing your camera – just half-press
the shutter release button to focus, ▲ Choose the depth of field
then fully press it to take the shot. The aperture you are using also affects the focus. If you’re using a narrow
aperture, the whole scene will be as sharp as in this shot. At wide apertures,
It’s as simple as that! a smaller portion of the scene will be in focus

40
 Focusing

Nikon cameras come with AF-S and AF-C modes. AF-S ▲ Continuous focus
If your subject is moving, it’s important
stands for Single-servo autofocus and it locks focus when to switch over to the Continuous-servo
AF mode so the camera keeps hunting
you half-press the shutter-release button. This is useful for for the right focus. Use a fast shutter
speed to avoid motion blur, too
static subjects, like landscapes and still life. If your subject
is moving, switch to Continuous-servo AF and your camera Pre-focus shots
If there’s an area you predict your
will continue to focus while the shutter-release button is subject will move into, manually
pre-focus on this part of the frame and
halfway down – it will only lock focus when fully pressed, wait for your subject to appear. We
so is perfect for moving subjects like wildlife and sports. focused on this branch, predicting it
as an area the bird was likely to land on
Another focusing trick is to choose what part of the frame
to focus on by moving the AF point to that area. Manual
focus is often the chosen method for macro shots and
tricky lighting conditions, but isn’t quick enough for action.
There is a useful method you can apply, though, whereby Keep sharp
you choose a spot that you know your subject is likely to and avoid shake
move into, pre-focus on it, then press the shutter release
button when your subject moves into that spot.
Now you’ve learnt the vital settings and a few tricks,
you’re on your way to sharper shots, but don’t forget the
effect depth of field has on the outcome. Your camera
focuses on a single point, but this will either have a large
area in front and behind it that’s sharp, or a small area.
At wide apertures (f/2.8) this is very shallow, so if you want As well as mastering your
focusing, you also need to
more of your image in focus, use a narrow aperture (f/16).
consider camera shake. Small
movements in the camera at
slower shutter speeds can
blur the image, but there are
The AF-S mode is useful for static subjects ways around this. Use a tripod
like landscapes. If your subject is moving, or rest on a hard surface and
use a self-timer to avoid the
switch to AF-C mode movement of pressing the
shutter release button.

41
Using your nikon M e t e r i n g

Metering
your shots
Master the metering options of your
Nikon for perfect shots every time

J
ust like our eyes, cameras record the available light in a
scene in order to produce an image. However, a camera
can sometimes struggle to record light accurately.
When we view a scene, our eyes balance out the different
level of light intensity so that we can see as much detail as
possible. Cameras try to do this, however due to their relatively
limited dynamic range, areas of shadow can appear incredibly
dark, while bright areas can appear excessively light. To avoid this,
it helps to know how to control your camera’s metering system.

▲ Create a silhouette When it comes to photography, there are two main

To create a silhouette, use Matrix
metering and ensure the bright methods for measuring light. The first is to use an
background takes up the majority
of the frame incidental light meter to measure the amount of light
hitting your subject. The second is reflected metering,
Keep an image’s found in digital cameras, which measures the amount of
whites white light reflected off everything in the scene, then determines
When photographing bright the correct exposure. If you’re using auto or semi-auto
white or deep black subjects, modes, your camera will automatically select the settings.
your camera’s metering However, if you’re in Manual mode, it will tell you if it thinks
system can often struggle,
as it will read the reflected your shot will be over or underexposed by way of an
light as being too bright or exposure dial or preview of the image on the screen. Then
too dark. This is why snow it’s up to you to adjust your settings accordingly.
can often look grey in your
shots, because your camera The default metering setting is matrix metering, which
has read it as too bright and measures the light for the entire scene and balances out
underexposed the shot. To the light and dark areas to work out an average exposure.
fix this, adjust your exposure
compensation to balance your You can also switch to one of two other metering options.
camera’s mistake. Set it to +1 Centre-weighted metering only measures the light for the
or +2 to brighten the shot, and middle section of the frame, while spot metering measures
-1 or -2 to darken it.
the light for the specific area that you choose to focus on.

42
METERING YOUR SHOTS

▲ Matrix metering
Your Nikon’s intelligent matrix metering is
the default setting and works well for the
majority of situations, but if there is lots of
contrast between bright and dark areas, it
may struggle to know what to keep bright

Spot metering
Spot metering will read the light for
wherever you set your focus point, so is ideal
for keeping portrait subjects well-exposed.
Simply focus on their face or eye and they
should appear bright

▼ Centre-weighted metering
If your subject is in the centre of the frame,
it is best to use centre-weighted metering.
This will ensure that your subject appears
well exposed in your photo, even if the light
is behind them

43
Using your nikon

Control
white balance
Discover how your camera’s white
balance setting affects colour in your
images, and learn how to use it

Y
▲ Flash Flash emits a much cooler
our white balance setting plays an important role in temperature of light, so images taken
how your camera captures colour, but because most with flash can look a little cold. By
selecting the Flash white balance
Nikons' Auto white balance is so accurate these days, setting, the camera will counter this
it is something that is often overlooked. Here we’ll explain
how white balance really works and why it’s worth getting JPEG vs Raw
out of Auto to take more control of the colour and light white balance
in your imagery, by using the camera's white balance
If you’re shooting in JPEG
settings or setting a Custom white balance. You’ll discover and have set the wrong white
more about each white balance setting and find out how balance, it will be difficult –
they can be used to help record colours accurately in your sometimes impossible – to
correct it later. If you want to
shots or even add creative effects to your photos. experiment with white balance,
White balance is used to help prevent colour casts, only do so if you’re shooting
ensuring that white areas appear white. To do this, the in Raw. Raw files can be
manipulated further because
camera takes into account the colour temperature of the they retain all of the image's
light you’re shooting in. All light sources emit different data. This means you can get
colour temperatures. You’ll notice this if you’ve taken creative with white balance
in-camera and correct it on
a bad shot indoors under incandescent lighting, as the your computer if you need to.
image will appear orange. Most modern cameras offer
pretty accurate Auto white balance settings, so it’s unlikely
you’ll notice dramatic colour casts in your shots day-to-day.
However, you can alter your white balance setting so it accurately reflects the scene
you’re shooting. White balance can be changed in your camera menu; many Nikons even
feature a shortcut button on the camera body. Simply hold down the button marked WB,
and use your scroll wheel or arrow pad to select a setting.
Although white balance is commonly used to ensure accurate colour recording, some
photographers use it to get creative colour cast effects. Selecting an incorrect white
balance setting will result in an obvious colour cast; this can work well if you want to
enhance the atmosphere in your photos. For example, selecting the Incandescent
white balance setting when you’re shooting in sunlight will add a cold blue cast.

44
Control white balance

▲ Daylight There are three types of white

balance settings for outdoor use: Sunny,
Cloudy and Shade. Sunny reduces the warm
glow of sunlight by cooling the image slightly,
Cloudy will add a little warmth to the shot,
and Shade adds a slight magenta tone to
counteract blue hues in shadows

Fluorescent Fluorescent lighting can

add magenta tones to your shots, which is
much harder to correct in editing when
shooting JPEGs. Ensure you select the
Fluorescent white balance setting when
shooting under this light to reduce the
magenta hue with green

Incandescent When you’re shooting

indoors under incandescent light, shots can
take on a warm orange glow. To neutralize
this effect, the camera will add cooling
blue tones when you shoot using the
Incandescent white balance setting

45
Using your nikon I S O

Master ISO
Discover more about this essential
element of exposing your imagery

T
he third part of the exposure triangle alongside ▲ Low ISO landscapes In certain
low-light situations where your subject
aperture and shutter speed is ISO. Setting a higher ISO isn’t moving, it’s better to keep your
ISO low and use slow shutter speed
will increase how sensitive the sensor is to light, which and a tripod to get well exposed shots.
brightens up exposures. Some modern cameras have This way you will keep image ‘noise’ out
of your images
a huge ISO range – you can now shoot in incredibly dark
environments and still get usable shots. The downside Edit out noise
is that noise tends to surface at higher settings, resulting
in specks or ‘noise’ appearing – you may also notice that If you had to raise your ISO for
a shot, but there is a way to
colours become desaturated and details are softer. It’s a lessen its effects. Most editing
payoff you have to be aware of, but it’s an incredibly useful suites have a noise reduction
tool. However, cameras like the D500 and D750 have a feature – in Photoshop head
to Filter>Noise>Reduce Noise.
wide ISO range, and newer cameras from Nikon are If you shoot in Raw, use the
performing better at high ISOs than they used to. This Detail tab in Adobe Camera
means your images will be less likely to suffer from noise, Raw. But be careful: too much
correction softens the detail.
and you will be able to shoot in varying lighting conditions
with far more creative settings and effects.
If higher ISOs can cause noise in your shot, why would
you want to use them? The main reason is that they allow
you to use faster shutter speeds and narrower apertures
while still getting a correct exposure in low light. With static
subjects like landscapes, most photographers keep ISO
low and use a slow shutter speed to brighten the exposure,
but you’ll need a tripod to stop camera shake. If your subject is moving, however, you’ll
need to use a fast shutter speed to stop them appearing as a blur. You could use a wide
aperture to let more light in, but sometimes that’s not enough and you’ll be forced to
increase your ISO setting too.
You may wonder why you wouldn’t just use flash. While flash is a good option on
occasion, there are times when its use isn’t feasible. Some venues ban flash completely
and sometimes it can drown out the pleasing tones created from ambient lighting, such
as with gig lighting or candlelight. In this case, ISO is your best friend.
Modern cameras are becoming better and better at dealing with noise at higher ISOs,
but remember that small-sensor cameras will produce more noise than full-frame models.

46
 Master ISO

▲ When flash is banned Certain

buildings, such as churches and museums,
may ban the use of flash. In these instances,
a higher ISO will allow you to get correct
exposures in dim lighting conditions

Embrace grain Noisy images are more

forgiving when converted to black and white,
and grain can even add interest and texture
to shots. A degree of image noise is often
embraced by street photographers for its
added gritty look

▼ Ambient is sometimes best In certain

low-light situations, using flash would drown
out all the great tones created by ambient
light, so in this case you’d need to raise
your ISO to get a good exposure

47
Using your nikon F l a s h

Working
with flash
Make the best use of flash to
illuminate your subject and enjoy
more control with a Speedlight unit

F
▲ Go off-camera Take your flash off
lash can be the ultimate tool in your kit bag if it’s used the camera and use a remote trigger
correctly. It can help achieve correct exposures in dark to take control of your shots. You can
decide where the light is coming from
environments, help with difficult lighting situations, and therefore where the shadows fall,
giving you more professional results
add a creative flare to your imagery, or even freeze action
due to the rapid burst of light. The problem is that when
most people start off using flash, they end up unhappy with Improve pop-up
the results because they haven’t used it correctly. Flash
flash results
can be harsh if it’s been fired straight-on, resulting in
unpleasant shadows, and it can often ruin the mood
and atmosphere of your scene. Here we teach you how to
take control of your kit, avoid these pitfalls and get the best
results out of your built-in flash or Speedlight.
There are tricks to improve the
Flash is a powerful weapon; even the built-in pop-up flash results from your camera’s
can improve your images. Try using fill-in flash on backlit fixed flash. Try placing a piece
subjects, where the front of a subject is in shadow: the of white paper underneath it,
angled towards the ceiling.
flash will help to light the subject and create a more even This will bounce the light,
exposure. The problem with fixed pop-up flashes, however, creating soft, even results. You
is when they are fired straight-on, the light can appear could also place a milk carton
or a piece of tracing paper over
harsh – this is where a more flexible Speedlight can help. your flash to diffuse it.
Speedlights offer a greater level of control. Not only can
you dictate how much light is fired, but you can also angle it
to bounce off ceilings or walls, producing softer results. You can even place them
off‑camera and use a remote trigger to fire them. If you use TTL metering, the Speedlight
will communicate with the camera to select the correct level of flash, or you can take
control with Manual mode. The aim is to balance ambient light with flash.
Start by setting your camera’s maximum sync speed (1/200 sec on most Nikons),
ISO100 or 200, f/8 and around 1/8 flash power, then tweak the settings to see how they
affect the outcome. A longer exposure makes the ambient light seem brighter, but you can
use a faster shutter speed and increase the flash power to make the ambient light darker.

48
work with flash

▲ Experiment with flash modes Set

your camera to slow-sync mode to produce
creative blur in ambient light but keep your
main subject sharp. You might also want to
try stroboscopic flash, which fires multiple
times to capture different stages of motion

Fill in backlit shots When your subject

is backlit and their face is in shadow, use
your flash to fill in the light. Even a pop-up
flash can make a big difference here

▼ Bounce the flash When you shoot

indoors, direct the Speedlight towards
the ceiling to bounce it off the surface
and towards your subject. This creates
a diffused, more flattering light

49
Using your nikon S n a p B r i d g e

SnapBridge
Discover how to use SnapBridge to transmit
captures with compatible Nikon cameras

The SnapBridge app has been introduced by Nikon as

a way of connecting your camera with a smart device via
Bluetooth and/or Wi-Fi, so you can easily upload images.
SnapBridge is available to download from the Nikon
website, Apple’s App Store or the Google Play Store.
The great thing about SnapBridge is that you can set it up
so images are automatically transferred from your camera
and saved to the connected smart device as you shoot. This
Mobile photo station
Use SnapBridge with your Nikon is a fantastic facility, as you can view images on larger
camera to not only share your pictures screens and easily share them via social media. This is
remotely, but also shoot and download
them, too particularly handy when you are away from home or your

50
 working with SnapBridge
Remote control access
If you’ve installed the SnapBridge app on your
How to use the
Android or iOS device you can now use this to SnapBridge app
shoot, share and download images remotely

1 Install the app

Head to your device’s app store,
find the free app and download it.

memory card has reached its capacity. So, whether you’re

a proud parent wanting to share your recent pictures with
family, or a professional on location who needs to beam
sports, fashion or product images straight to a client, you
2 Make a connection
can do so in a matter of seconds. Follow the on-screen prompts on
If the Nikon camera that you are using has Wi-Fi your phone and Nikon to connect.
capabilities then you are able to use the app to shoot
remotely or even download movies to the smart device.
The connection also syncs with the camera’s time and
location information to that of the linked smart device. As
soon as you have connected your camera and smart device
you can register your Nikon ID to receive unlimited online
storage for thumbnail pictures on the Nikon Image Space.
This gives you the option to save automatically from the 3 Shoot remotely
Click on the camera and choose
SnapBridge app. Your ID also gives you membership to
Remote Photography (Wi-Fi only).
Nikon’s online cloud storage services that offers 20GB of
free storage for original pictures and other large files.

For wildlife photography,

fire remotely using the app,
which is less likely to scare
skittish animals 4 View the gallery
Choose to view the previous
download or the full gallery.

51
Photography Field Guide
Learn the essential kit and accessories
you should be carrying in your camera
backpack • Get to grips with all the
modes, controls and settings on your
Nikon DSLR • Nikon lenses and how
they work • Take better exposures by
understanding the relationship between
aperture, shutter speed and ISO • Master
key photography skills to take better
photos • Learn how to shoot everything
with our expert advice

The essential pocketbook for Nikon users!