Spiles and Forepoling Boards

2
Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................... 3

Rebar Spiles.................................................................................................................. 4

Tubular Spiles................................................................................................................ 6

IBO - Self-Drilling Spiles ............................................................................................... 8

Forepoling Boards....................................................................................................... 10

Introduction
Spiles and forepoling boards are used
as temporary pre-support system for the
working area. They ensure the stability of
the perimeter of the open span until the
primary lining is installed.

Depending on the foundation soil

characteristics, different spile types
are used in order to achieve the best
technical solution for each project.
The products range from rebar spiles,
IBO - Self-Drilling Spiles or the
AT - TUBESPILETM to forepoling boards,
which permit driving in non-cohesive
ground.

3
Rebar Spiles
Rebar spiles and tube spiles are
universally applicable as pre-support.
They can be installed into pre-drilled,
stable boreholes in blocky foundation
soil as well as rammed into soft,
homogenous foundation soil.

Fields of Application
■■ Tunnel driving in blocky and jointed
rock mass
■■ Tunnel driving in soft, homogenous
foundation soil conditions

Main Advantages
■■ Practice-proven spile system
■■ Secure and simple installation
■■ Universally applicable
■■ Installation using conventional drilling
machines

System Description
Rebar spiles consist of smooth or ribbed
steel bars that are pointed on one side.
They are installed in pre-drilled grouted
or ungrouted spile holes or are rammed
into the foundation soil. Pre-drilled
rebar spiles are installed in jointed and
blocky rock mass as pre-support against
falling blocks; ram spiles are installed in
homogenous, soft foundation soil.

By ramming, a loosening of the

foundation soil is prevented, and an
optimum initial condition for arching
between the spiles is achieved. Following
driving, the load of the foundation soil
is transferred on the bearings by the
resisting torque of the spiles. These are
the ground ahead of the face and the
support arch in the already supported
excavation area.

4
Rebar Spiles
Specifications

Bar diameter 1) [mm] 20 25 28 30 36

Delivery lengths 2) [m] 3/4/6

1) Spiles from smooth or ribbed concrete steel with a minimum steel grade of B 500 B
(DIN 488-1 and ÖNORM B 4707)
2) Pointed on one side; diverse lengths and unpointed concrete steel spiles are available on request

Technical Features
■■ Simple and uncomplicated installation into pre-drilled spile holes
■■ Mortared annular gaps improve contact with the rock mass
■■ Ramming is an installation method which retains the original stress condition
■■ The foundation soil is displaced by ramming. This permits optimum conditions for
subsequent load carrying
■■ Installation is possible above as well as through support arches

Installation Procedure
■■ Installation into pre-drilled spile holes
■ Pre-drilling of the spile holes through or over the support arch
■ Filling of the spile holes with mortar (only for mortared installation)
■ Installation of the Rebar spile

■■ Installation as ram spile

■ Ramming of the rebar spiles through or over the support arch

5
Tubular Spiles
Tubular spiles and rebar spiles are
universally applicable for pre-support
measures. They can be installed into
predrilled, stable boreholes in blocky or
jointed rock mass as well as rammed
into soft, homogenous foundation soil.

Fields of Application
■■ Tunnel driving in blocky and jointed
rock mass
■■ Tunnel driving in soft, homogenous
foundation soil conditions

Main Advantages
■■ Practice-proven spile system
■■ Secure and simple installation
■■ Universally applicable
■■ Installation using conventional drilling
machines
■■ Optionally also available as injection
spile
■■ Higher section modulus than ram spiles
or self-drilling spiles at comparable
weight

System Description
Tube spiles consist of a steel tube, which
is optionally provided with a welded ram
top. The installation is carried out with
conventional drilling machines. The tube
spiles are either installed into pre-drilled
spile holes or rammed directly into the
foundation soil. Pre-drilled tube spiles
are used for jointed and blocky rock
mass as pre-support against falling rock
mass, whereas ram spiles are applied in
homogenous, soft foundation soil.

By ramming, a loosening of the

foundation soil is prevented, and an
optimum initial condition for arching
between the spiles is achieved. Following
driving, the load of the foundation soil is
transferred to the bearings by the spiles.
These are the ground ahead of the face
and the primary lining.

6
Tubular Spiles
Specifications

Outer diameter 1) [mm] 38 51 51

Wall thickness [mm] 4 3.2 4.5
Delivery lengths 2) [m] 3/4/6

1) Minimum steel grade S 235 (EN 10025-2)

2) Differing shipping lengths and injection boreholes according to customer demands are
available on request

Technical Features
■■ Simple and uncomplicated installation into pre-drilled boreholes
■■ Tube-ram spiles with steel point are available on request
■■ Foundation soil preserving installation by ramming – the original stress condition
remains
■■ Ramming displaces the foundation soil and allows for optimum load carrying
characteristics at a later stage
■■ Installation is possible over as well as through the support arch
■■ High section modulus in relation to the weight
■■ Also available as injection spile with injection holes for ground improvement

Installation Procedure
■■ Installation into pre-drilled spile holes
■ Pre-drilling of spile holes through or over the support arch
■ Insertion of tube spiles

■■ Installation as ram spile

■ Ramming of the tube spile through or over the support arch

7
IBO - Self-Drilling Spiles
IBO - Self-Drilling Spiles form part of the
DYWI® Drill Hollow Bar System product
range. They are ideal for pre-support
measures in all foundation soil types.
Especially in unstable boreholes, the fast
and self-drilling installation offers distinct
advantages compared to conventional
spile types.

IBO - Self-Drilling Spiles support local

instabilities in the working area.
In poor foundation soil, this system is an
excellent alternative to conventional ram
spiles or steel tube spiles.

Fields of Application
■■ Pre-support in any kind of foundation
soil
■■ Especially suitable for foundation soils
with unstable boreholes

Main Advantages
■■ Installation using conventional drilling
machines
■■ Secure, simple, and fast installation
■■ Unproblematic application in case of
unstable boreholes
■■ Spile drilling and spile installation in
one step
■■ Greater spile lengths can be achieved
with couplings

System Description
IBO - Self-Drilling spiles are installed with
conventional drill booms using rotary
percussive drilling. The installed hollow
bar simultaneously serves as drilling rod
and reinforcement. The drilling energy is
transferred onto the drill bit, which has
a higher outer diameter than the hollow
bar. Cooling, flushing, and backflush
of cuttings is accomplished with water
between the foundation soil and the
IBO - Self-Drilling Spiles.

8
IBO - Self-Drilling Spiles
System Components Specifications
■■ IBO - Self-Drilling Spile Outer diameter 1) [mm] R32 R38 R51
■■ Optionally available with injection Delivery lengths 2) [m] 3.0 / 4.0
holes
1) Technical Data is enclosed in the DYWI® Drill Hollow Bar System brochure
■■ Spile drill bits or welded drill bit
2) Differing shipping lengths and injection holes according to customer demands are available
on request

Installation Procedure
■■ Assembly of the IBO - Self-Drilling Spile
and connection onto the drill boom

■■ Rotary-percussive self-drilling
installation without casing: Single-
use drill bit and hollow bar serving as
drilling rod; flushing with water or an
air-water-mixture

■■ Optional extension with couplings

■■ Decoupling from the drifter, optional

subsequent injection using an injection
adapter

Technical Features Accessories Further Information

■■ Extensive drill bit portfolio for different ■■ Mortar-mixing pumps ■■ DYWI® Drill Hollow Bar System
foundation soil conditions ■■ Injection adapter brochure
■■ Mortaring of the annular gap increases ■■ DYWI® Inject System ■■ Further information about accessories
the load transmission and load bearing can be found in DSI system brochures
■■ Sleeve pipe packers
capacity and technical approvals
■■ Rock drilling equipment: shank adapters,
■■ Optionally with injection holes for
couplings, and coupling adapters
ground improvement

9
Forepoling Boards
Forepoling boards are used for laminar-
active pre-support, which is particularly
suitable for unstable, non-cohesive
foundation soil. This support is rammed
into the foundation soil using hydraulic
drifters.

Fields of Application
■■ Pre-support in non-cohesive
foundation soil
■■ Pre-support in nearly non-cohesive
foundation soil

Main Advantages
■■ Installation using conventional drilling
machines
■■ Secure and simple installation
■■ Closed support at the open span
■■ Ramming minimizes drive-induced
rock mass stress relaxation

System Description
Forepoling boards are rammed over
the support arch in a single step with
conventional drill booms via a ram shoe.
They are either installed overlapping
or with a gap when the foundation soil
shows little cohesion.

■■ Steel plate with one or two longitudinal

seams
■ Plate thickness: 3 - 6 [mm]
■ Length: 1,250 - 3,000 [mm]
■ Width: ca. 220 [mm]

■■ Forepoling board template

■ Different versions available on request

10
Forepoling Boards
Specifications

120

t
35

30
175

Forepoling boards Type A

Characteristics Symbol Unit Type A3 Type A4 Type A5 Type A6

Thickness t [mm] 3 4 5 6
Length 1) L [m] 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
Width 2) B [mm] 220 220 220 220
Weight m [kg/m] 6 8 10 12
Weight mPcs [kg/pcs] 7.5 9.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 10.0 12.0 16.0 20.0 24.0 12.5 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 15.0 18.0 24.0 30.0 36.0
Resisting torque Wx [cm³] 8.9 10.6 12.2 13.8
1) Special lengths available on request
2) Guidance value installation width with overlapping: 5.7 pieces per meter

140

t
35

30

185

Forepoling boards Type B 1)

Characteristics Symbol Unit Type B3 Type B4 Type B5 Type B6

Thickness t [mm] 3 4 5 6
Length 2) L [m] 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
Width 3) B [mm] 220 220 220 220
Weight m [kg/m] 6 8 10 12
Weight mPcs [kg/pcs] 7.5 9.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 10.0 12.0 16.0 20.0 24.0 12.5 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 15.0 18.0 24.0 30.0 36.0
Resisting torque Wx [cm³] 8.9 10.6 12.2 13.8
1) Dimension sheets and weight tables
are available on request
2) Special lengths available on request
3) Guidance value installation width with
overlapping: 5.4 pieces per meter

Technical Features
■■ Ramming with drill-driving jumbo
■■ Secure and simple installation
■■ Closed and open support of the tunnel
perimeter
■■ Ramming prevents settlement
and stress release ahead of the
construction

11
EMEA Austria
DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH
Alfred-Wagner-Strasse 1 Argentina
4061 Pasching/Linz, Austria Australia
Phone +43-7229-610 49 0
Fax +43-7229-610 49 80 belgium
E-mail alwag@dywidag-systems.at
Bosnia and herzegovina
www.alwag.com
Brazil
North America Canada
DSI Underground Systems Inc. Chile
9786 S Prosperity Road
West Jordan, UT 84081, USA Colombia
Phone +1-801-973 7169 C o s t a R i ca
Fax +1-801-973 7172
E-mail dsiunderground@dsiunderground.com Croatia
www.dsiunderground.com
Czech republic
Denmark
South America
DSI Chile Industrial Ltda. Egypt
Las Encinas #1387, Valle Grande estonia
Lampa, Santiago de Chile, Chile
Phone +56-2-596 96 20 Finland
Fax +56-2-596 96 69
E-mail informaciones@dywidag-systems.cl
France
www.dsi-chile.com Germany
Greece
APAC/ASEAN GU A TEM A L A
DYWIDAG-Systems International Pty. Ltd.
25 Pacific Highway HONDUR A S
Bennetts Green, NSW 2290, Australia
Hong Kong
Phone +61-2-49 48 90 99
Fax +61-2-49 48 99 56 Indonesia
E-mail dsi@dywidag.com.au
www.dsiminingproducts.com/au Italy
Japan
Korea
Lebanon
Luxembourg
Ma l a y s i a
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Oman
Pa n a m a
Pa r a g u a y
Peru
POL A ND
Portugal
Qatar
Sa u d i A r a b i a
singapore
S o u t h A f r i ca
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Ta i w a n
Thailand
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
Please note:
This brochure serves basic information ”ALWAG” (AM 952/79), ”AT” (AM 6138/2003), United kingdom
purposes only. Technical data and information ”AT-SYSTEM” (AM 6139/2003),
Uruguay
04351-1/04.13-web-he

provided herein shall be considered ”DYWI®” (4197869), ”LSC” (AM 4326/2008),

non-binding and may be subject to change ”OMEGA-BOLT®” (3258282),
without notice. We do not assume any liability ”POWER SET” (AM 6163/2002), and US A
for losses or damages attributed to the use ”TUBESPILE” (AM 4328/2008) are registered Venezuela
of this technical data and any improper trademarks of DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH.
use of our products. Should you require ”Combi Coat®” and ”CT-Bolt” are trademarks
further information on particular products, of Vik Ørsta AS.
please do not hesitate to contact us. DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH
is a partner of Vik Ørsta AS.