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    Pathway: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

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    yogadananjaya
    This document outlines the pathway of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). It begins with bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses entering the lungs through inhalation. They then invade the lungs, spreading through the bloodstream to the alveoli where they cause cell death. This triggers an inflammatory response involving cytokines that stimulate neutrophils and weaken the immune system. The specific interactions between microbes and antibodies in the alveoli lead to lung inflammation, secretions, and leukocyte recruitment from the bone marrow. Gas exchange is impaired, reducing oxygen supply and causing tissue hypoxia.

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    Pathway: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

    Uploaded by

    yogadananjaya
    2K views2 pages
    This document outlines the pathway of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). It begins with bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses entering the lungs through inhalation. They then invade the lungs, spreading through the bloodstream to the alveoli where they cause cell death. This triggers an inflammatory response involving cytokines that stimulate neutrophils and weaken the immune system. The specific interactions between microbes and antibodies in the alveoli lead to lung inflammation, secretions, and leukocyte recruitment from the bone marrow. Gas exchange is impaired, reducing oxygen supply and causing tissue hypoxia.

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    pathway CAP

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    Pathway CAP[1]

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    This document outlines the pathway of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). It begins with bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses entering the lungs through inhalation. They then invade the lungs, spreading through the bloodstream to the alveoli where they cause cell death. This triggers an inflammatory response involving cytokines that stimulate neutrophils and weaken the immune system. The specific interactions between microbes and antibodies in the alveoli lead to lung inflammation, secretions, and leukocyte recruitment from the bone marrow. Gas exchange is impaired, reducing oxygen supply and causing tissue hypoxia.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    2K views2 pages

    Pathway: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

    Uploaded by

    yogadananjaya
    This document outlines the pathway of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). It begins with bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses entering the lungs through inhalation. They then invade the lungs, spreading through the bloodstream to the alveoli where they cause cell death. This triggers an inflammatory response involving cytokines that stimulate neutrophils and weaken the immune system. The specific interactions between microbes and antibodies in the alveoli lead to lung inflammation, secretions, and leukocyte recruitment from the bone marrow. Gas exchange is impaired, reducing oxygen supply and causing tissue hypoxia.

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    PATHWAY

    Etiologi

    Bakteri, jamur, parasit Virus

    Masuk melalui
    Masuk melalui
    inhalasi
    inhalasi

    Menginvasi sel
    Menginvasi ke paru-paru
    saluran nafas &
    melalui aliran darah
    alveoli

    Menginvasi ruang antara


    sel dan alveoli Sel mati akibat
    apoptosis

    Menginvasi ruang antara


    sel dan alveoli Limfosit
    mengaktifkan
    sitokin

    Merangsang produksi
    neutrofil dan sitokin

    Proinflamasi sitokin terlibat


    dalam reaksi inflamasi

    Sistem imun ↓

    Community Acquired Pneumonia


    (CAP)
    Community Acquired Pneumonia

    Terjadi interaksi bakteri/virus


    dengan antibodi

    Reaksi radang pada alveoli

    Perubahan struktur Akumulasi sekret Dilawan oleh PMN


    membrane alveoli (Polimononukleutida) Pelepasan TNF-α dan
    IL-1
    Obstruksi jalan nafas
    Cairan merembes ke alveoli Pelepasan interleukin I (IL 1)
    Leukosit dari sumsum
    tulang
    Gangguan ventilasi
    Atelektasis Pelepasan prostalglandin

    PK Infeksi
    Bersihan Jalan Nafas
    Difusi O2 & CO2 terganggu Tidak Efektif Mempengaruhi Hipotalamus

    Kerusakan pertukaran gas Suplai O2 ke jaringan Termostat tubuh terganggu


    berkurang

    Panas Evaporasi
    Hipoksia jaringan
    Metabolisme anaerob

    Hipertermi Risiko Kekurangan


    Bahan baku untuk Volume Cairan
    Produksi Asam Laktat
    metabolism terbatas

    Korteks Serebri
    Merangsang reseptor nyeri
    Produksi energy menurun
    (saraf aferen)
    Serabut saraf eferen
    Aktifitas fisik menurun Kornu dorsalis medulla
    spinalis
    Nyeri Akut
    toleransi Aktifitas

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