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Biota
CamposColombiana 2 (3) 193 - 232, 2001 Neotropical Braconidae Wasps -193
Lista de los Géneros de Avispas Parasitoides

Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) de la
Región Neotropical
Diego F. Campos M.
Instituto Humboldt, AA 8693, Bogotá D.C., Colombia. dfcampos@humboldt.org.co
Palabras Clave: Hymenoptera, Parasitoides, Ichneumonoidea, Braconidae, Neotrópico, Lista de Géneros
E l orden Hymenoptera surgió al inicio del Triásico,

hace más de 200 millones de años, y se ha diversificado de
La importancia del estudio de los bracónidos se ve exaltada
por el efecto regulador que estos tienen sobre las poblacio-
muchas formas entre las que se destacan sus estrategias de nes de sus hospederos. “La extinción de especies de
alimentación, que van desde la fitofagia y la predación has- parasitoides puede conllevar a la explosión de poblaciones
ta el parasitismo y la formación de agallas en tejidos vege- de insectos herbívoros, desencadenando resultados catas-
tales. Hymenoptera representa hoy día uno de los órdenes tróficos para la economía y el ambiente (La Salle & Gauld
más diversos y abundantes, con más de 120000 especies 1991).
descritas y un estimado de 300000. “Los himenópteros tie-
nen más especies benéficas que cualquier otro orden de Ichneumonoidea (Ichneumonidae + Braconidae) puede se-
insectos. Ellos pueden ser de importancia económica direc- pararse dentro de Hymenoptera por poseer patas posterio-
ta en el control natural de plagas, polinizadores y producto- res con trocantelo bien diferenciado; ala anterior con estig-
res de productos comerciales como la miel” (La Salle & ma y por lo menos una celda cerrada; venas C y Sc + R + Rs
Gauld 1993). Aunque los himenópteros más conocidos son fusionadas en la parte proximal, dando lugar a una
sociales como hormigas, abejas y avispas , la gran mayoría obliteración de la celda costal; antena con 16 o más seg-
son solitarios y de hábito parasitoide que aseguran su pro- mentos, y en muy pocos casos con menos. Los
genie depositando los huevos en un organismo vivo deno- ichneumonoideos braquípteros se distinguen de otros
minado hospedero, el cual es usualmente llevado hasta la himenópteros por sus esternitos gastrales membranosos,
muerte. En general los parasitoides son insectos voladores 16 o más segmentos antenales y ovipositor exertado.
activos que localizan su hospedero en cualquier hábitat;
guiándose por señales químicas, táctiles, fotosensoriales o La familia Braconidae se distingue por tener de 1 a 14 mm de
termosensoriales, presentando gran variedad de estrate- longitud (excluyendo las antenas y el ovipositor); antena
gias de vida y combinando un amplio espectro de hábitos con 8 a 98 segmentos, flagelo usualmente filiforme, nunca
alimenticios y tipos de hospedero. geniculado, serrado o clavado; mandíbula bidentada, algu-
nas veces exondonte con tres a siete dientes, vena 2m-cu
La familia Braconidae conforma, junto con Ichneumonidae, del ala anterior ausente (excepto en Apoxys penyai Mason);
la superfamilia Ichneumonoidea; con más de 30000 espe- vena 1/Rs+M del ala anterior presente; vena 1r-m del ala
cies descritas y un estimado de 100000, conformando uno posterior basal a la separación de R1 y Rs; terga
de los grupos más, diversos y abundantes del planeta. Es metasomales 1 y 2 fusionadas.
un clado monofilético según datos morfológicos (Sharkey
& Wahl 1992; Rasnitsyn 1998; Ronquist et al. 1999; Sharkey Biología
2001) y moleculares (Dowton & Austin 1994; Belshaw et al.
1998; Quicke et al. 1999) y representa uno de los grupos Los bracónidos comparten terminología que se aplica a to-
más antiguos dentro del orden Hymenoptera (Rasnitsyn dos los parasitoides, ellos pueden ser: ectoparásitos,
1980, 1998; Gauld & Bolton 1988), cuya diversidad se refleja endoparásitos, idiobiontes y/o koinobiontes (Godfray 1994).
no solo en sus miles de especies sino en la diversidad de Los ectoparasitoides quienes se alimentan externamente
hábitats que ocupa y las numerosas estrategias de parasi- de su hospedero, son en su mayoría idiobiontes, es decir,
tismo que presenta.
Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001
194- Avispas Braconidae del Neotrópico Campos
paralizan permanente a su hospedero. En contraste, los exhaustiva, la clasificación en subfamilias ha sido inestable
endoparasitoides quienes se alimentan internamente de su y conflictiva, con algunos linajes bien definidos y otros
hospedero son koinobiontes, es decir, permiten al hospe- propuestos como una solución práctica. Mientras
dero seguir viviendo hasta el final de su desarrollo, alimen- Achterberg (1993) reconoce 43 subfamilias, Sharkey (1993)
tándose internamente. Se sabe que algunas de éstas espe- reconoce 29 y Wharton (2000) sólo 6. En general las pro-
cies endoparasitoides han establecido una simbiosis con puestas de clasificación de subfamilias han sido problemá-
virus para contrarrestar el sistema inmune de sus hospede- ticas por las tendencias a convergencias, en su mayoría por
ros represando una de las relaciones más complejas y espe- reducción de caracteres (Achterberg 1984a). Existen pro-
cializadas dentro de los insectos (Whitfield 1992; Quicke puestas que intentan esclarecer las relaciones de los gru-
1997). La estrategia de parasitismo que presenta es una pos establecidos empleando metodología cladística, como
característica que permite establecer gremios, un concepto Quicke & Achterberg (1990) y Belshaw et al. (1998), pero el
útil en el estudio de comunidades de parasitoides (Gauld & tema aún esta en debate y controversia (Wharton et al.
Bolton 1988; Kato 1994). 1992; Achterberg & Quicke 1992; Quicke et al. 1999). Es
muy probable que esta problemática resida en el vacío de
En particular los bracónidos atacan exclusivamente conocimiento en regiones como el Neotrópico muy pobre-
lepidópteros, coleópteros y dípteros en diferentes estados mente exploradas, con grupos que pueden ser críticos a la
de desarrollo y la gran mayoría de especies tienen hospe- hora de hacer estudios filogenéticos y biogeográficos.
deros específicos (Matthews 1974; LaSalle & Gauld 1991),
característica que los convierte en uno de los grupos más El trabajo más reciente por Wharton et al. (1997), represen-
utilizados en control biológico de plagas y que les da la ta la principal herramienta para el conocimiento de la fauna
cualidad adicional de tener un gran potencial como Neotropical, existen algunos trabajos de revisión (Sharkey
indicadores de riqueza y estabilidad de un ecosistema (Shaw 1988, 1990; Quicke et al. 1996; Berta de Fernández 1998;
& Hudleston 1991). Por otra parte, algunas especies de Dangerfield et al. 1996; Mason 1979; Sharkey 1983; Quicke
bracónidos son utilizadas como modelo de la interacción 1988a, 1988b, 1989a, 1989b, 1989c, 1994, 1995; Gibson 1974;
parasitoide-hospedero. Este y los motivos antes expuestos Achterberg 1989, 1992b, 1995a; Achterberg et al. 1997) y
hacen que el avance en el conocimiento filogenético de algunos trabajos regionales para México (Hernández et al.
este grupo sea clave para entender la evolución del parasi- 1987; Calderón & Ruiz 1990; Thompson & Ruiz 1990;
tismo (Whitfield 1992; Slotz & Whitfield 1992; Whitfield Briceño & Ruiz 1991; López 1997; Ruiz 1993, Peña et al.
1997). Avances en su conocimiento permitirán esclarecer la 1992, Peña & Ruiz 1993; Delfín & Wharton 1996; Delfín &
biología, ecología y filogenia de los himenópteros León 1997; Mao 1945; Wharton & Mercado 1989; Gibson
parasitoides (Wharton 1993a). 1972b; Labougle 1980; Starý 1983; Starý & Remaudiere 1982;
Lomelí & Peña 1995; Sánchez et al. 1998), Costa Rica (Shaw
Sistemática 1995), Perú (Redolfi 1994) y Venezuela (Briceño 1999).
En un contexto mundial, desde que fue descrito el primer En la mayoría de los géneros, las especies descritas son
espécimen por Latreille en 1802 hasta hoy, el estudio de los muy pocas con relación a las especies sin describir, básica-
bracónidos ha sido facilitado por un extenso volumen de mente el conocimiento de los géneros en el neotrópico es
literatura, donde se destacan catálogos mundiales y regio- precario o escaso y hasta el momento es muy difícil hacer
nales (Mackauer & Starý 1967; Mackauer 1968; Shenefelt estimaciones sobre el número de especies.
1969, 1970a, 1970b, 1972, 1973a, 1973b, 1974, 1975, 1978,
1980; Fischer 1971, 1972, 1977, 1987; Shenefelt & Marsh Aún son muchas las regiones completamente desconoci-
1976; Marsh 1979b; De Santis 1967, 1980); claves para das. Tan solo hasta ahora se empieza a explorar la magnitud
subfamilias (Shaw 1995; Achterberg 1993; Sharkey 1993); de los grupos hiperdiversos en la región neotropical y aún
claves para los géneros neárticos (Marsh et al. 1987) y se necesitan trabajos de revisión que permitan conocer la
revisiones exhaustivas de literatura (Shenefelt 1965; Starý verdadera dimensión de la diversidad de los grupos más
1987). abundantes y diversos del planeta en el neotrópico.
Aunque se han realizado estudios taxonómicos de manera

Campos Neotropical Braconidae Wasps -195
Checklist of Genera of Braconid parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea)

of the Neotropical Region
Diego F. Campos M.
Key Words: Hymenoptera, Parasitoids, Ichneumonoidea, Braconidae, Neotropics, Genera List
T he order Hymenoptera emerged at the beginning

of the Triassic period, around 200 million years ago.
Ichneumonoidea (Ichneumonoidae + Braconidae) can be
easily distinguished among the Hymenoptera for having
Through time, they have diversified, among other things, hind legs with distinct trochantellus, fore wings with
their feeding strategies, going from phytophagy and pre- stigma and at least one closed cell; wing veins C and
dation to parasitism and even gall formations in plant Sc+R+Rs are fused proximally, causing obliteration of
tissues. Hymenoptera represents nowadays one of the most the costal wing cell; antennae usually have 16 or more
diverse and abundant orders, with more than 120000 de- segments, but rarely fewer. The presence of membranous
scribed species and an estimated number of 300000. “The sterna, 16 or more antennal segments and an extruded
Hymenoptera contains more beneficial species than any ovipositor distinguish the brachypterous Ichneumonoidea.
other insect order. They are of direct economic importance
in the biological control of pests, the pollination of flow- The family Braconidae is distinguished for having a body
ering plants and the production of commercial products length that ranges from 1 to 14 mm (excluding antennae
such as honey and wax” (La Salle & Gauld 1993). Al- and ovipositor), antenna with 8 to 98 segments, flagellum
though the social bees, ants and wasps are the most famil- usually filiform (thread-like), but never geniculate (el-
iar groups of Hymenoptera, the majority of species are bow-shaped), serrated, or clavate (club-like); bidentate
solitary and show parasitoid habits, ensuring reproduc- mandibles, sometimes exodont, with three to seven teeth;
tion by depositing their eggs in a live organism (host) and fore wing vein 2m-cu absent (except in Apoxys penyai
driving it to death. Generally, the parasitoids are active Mason), fore wing vein 1/Rs+M present, cross vein 1r-m of
flying insects that found their host in virtually any habi- the hind wing basal to the separation of R1 and Rs;
tat, guided by chemical, tactile, photosensorial or metasomal terga 1 and 2 fused.
thermosensorial cues. They display a great variety of life
strategies combining a wide spectrum of feeding habits Biology
and host types.
The terminology used for braconids is the same used for
The family Braconidae, together with Ichneumonidae, all parasitoids, they may be: ectoparasites, endoparasites,
conform the superfamily Ichneumonoidea. Braconidae is idiobionts and/or koinobionts (Godfray 1994).
comprised by more than 30000 described species and is Ectoparasitoids are generally idiobionts that kill or para-
estimated to encompass around 100000; as a result is one lyze their host and feed on it externally. On the other hand,
of the largest and most diverse and abundant groups of the koinobionts allow the host to live until the end of its
the world. According to morphological (Sharkey & Wahl development, feeding internally and coexisting with it at
1992; Rasnitsyn 1998; Ronquist et al. 1999; Sharkey 2001) different levels of specialization. It is known that some
and molecular data (Dowton & Austin 1994; Belshaw et endoparasitoid species have established a symbiosis with
al. 1998; Quicke et al. 1999) the Braconidae is a mono- viruses to weaken the host’s immune system (Whitfield 1992;
phyletic group, and represents one of the oldest groups Quicke 1997); therefore,in the communities studies the
within the order Hymenoptera (Rasnitsyn 1980, 1998; braconids may be considered either specialists or gener-
Gauld & Bolton 1988). The diversity of the group is not alists according to their parasitic strategy (Gauld &
only reflected on its sizeable species number but also in Bolton 1988; Kato 1994).
the variety of habitats where occurs and the multiple para-
sitic strategies that displays. The braconids attack exclusively the orders Lepidoptera,
Coleoptera and Diptera in their different stages of devel-
The importance of studying the braconids is enhanced by the opment. Most of the species attack species-specific hosts
regulatory effect that they exert on their hosts’ populations. “The (Matthews 1974; La Salle & Gould 1991), reason why
extinction of parasitoid species can trigger a population explo- they are one of the most frequently used groups in biologi-
sion of the herbivore insects, with devastating results for the cal control of agricultural pest, and also make them suit-
economy and the environment”(La Salle & Gould 1991). able for potential use as indicators of richness and stabil-
ity of ecosystems (Shaw & Hudleston 1991). On the other Achterberg & Quicke 1992; Quicke et al. 1999). Problems
hand, some braconid species are used as study models for like this might be caused by the knowledge gap in regions
the parasitoid-host interaction. Such circumstances make such as the unexplored neotropics, which could certainly
the phylogenetic knowledge of this group a keystone com- contain critical groups that facilitate the enhancement of
ponent to understand the evolution of parasitism (Whitfield the current knowledge on biogeography and
1992; Slotz & Whitfield 1992; Whitfield 1997). Advance- phylogenetics.
ments in that area will help to clarify the biology, ecology
and phylogeny of the parasitoid Hymenoptera (Wharton The most recent work by Wharton et al. (1997) represents
1993a). the main tool to increase the knowledge of the Neotropi-
cal fauna. Additionally there are some review works
Systematics (Sharkey 1988, 1990; Quicke et al. 1996; Berta de
Fernández 1998; Dangerfield et al. 1996; Mason 1979;
In a global context, from the time when Latreille described Sharkey 1983; Quicke 1988a, 1988b, 1989a, 1989b,
the first specimen in 1802 until today, the study of bra- 1989c, 1994, 1995; Gibson 1974; Achterberg 1989, 1992b,
conids has been greatly facilitated by an extensive body 1995a; Achterberg et al. 1997) as well as some regional
of literature, among which the following are some of the studies for Mexico (Hernández et al. 1987; Calderón &
most remarkable: regional and world catalogs (Mackauer Ruiz 1990; Thompson & Ruiz 1990; Briceño & Ruiz 1991;
& Starý 1967; Mackauer 1968; Shenefelt 1969, 1970a, López 1997; Ruiz 1993, Peña et al. 1992, Peña & Ruiz
1970b, 1972, 1973a, 1973b, 1974, 1975, 1978, 1980; 1993; Delfín & Wharton 1996; Delfín & Leon 1997; Mao
Fischer 1971, 1972, 1977, 1987; Shenefelt & Marsh 1976; 1945; Wharton & Mercado 1989; Gibson 1972b;
Marsh 1979b; De Santis 1967, 1980); subfamily keys Labougle 1980; Starý 1983; Starý & Remaudiere 1982;
(Shaw 1995; Achterberg 1993; Sharkey 1993); neartic Lomelí & Peña 1995; Sánchez et al. 1998), Costa Rica
genera keys (Marsh et al. 1987) and extensive literature (Shaw 1995), Peru (Redolfi 1994) and Venezuela (Briceño
reviews (Shenefelt 1965; Starý 1987). 1999).
Even though many extensive taxonomic studies have been
carried out, the classification at the subfamily level has In most of the genera, the undescribed species surpass the
been unstable and controversial, with some well-defined described ones, basically because the knowledge of the
lineages, and some others proposed only as practical so- Neotropical genera is rudimentary and scarce; thus, it is
lutions. Achterberg (1993), for instance, recognizes 43 difficult to make estimations of number of species at the
subfamilies, while Sharkey (1993) recognizes 29 and moment.
Wharton (2000) only 6. The proposed classifications at
the subfamily level have been generally problematic, due There are still many entirely unexplored regions; although
to convergence, usually caused by reduction of charac- we are now starting to explore the magnitude of the Neo-
ters (Achterberg 1984a). Works by Quicke & Achterberg tropical hyperdiverse groups. Hence it is imperative to
(1990) and Belshaw et al. (1998) implemented cladistic produce more revision works that reflect the real diversity
methods to clarify the relationships among the established of the most abundant and diverse groups of the world,
groups; however, no consensus has been reached, leaving many of which are present in the Neotropics.
the topic under current debate (Wharton et al. 1992;
Cuadro 1. Número de especies descritas y estimadas para cada género en el Neotrópico. Debido a la ausencia de
trabajos de revisión en el Neotrópico en muy pocos casos se cuenta con una estimación precisa del número de especies.
Box 1. Number of described and estimated species within each genus in the Neotropical Region. Due to the lack of
review works of Neotropical taxa, in very few cases there is a precise estimation of the total number of species .

Taxón No. Especies descritas No. Especies estimadas

Taxon No. of described species No. of estimated species
Subfamilia Adeliinae - -
Adelius Haliday, 1833 3 -
Paradelius de Saeger, 1942 2 -
Subfamilia Agathidinae - -
Aerophilus Szépligeti, 1902 1 -
Alabagrus Enderlein, 1920 ? 100
Bassus Fabricius, 1804 - 400
Coccygidium de Saussure, 1892 - 100
Crassomicrodus Ashmead, 1900 - 10
Cremmops Foerster, 1862 - 40
Dichelosus Szépligeti, 1902 7 -
Earinus Wesmael, 1837 - 40
Labagathis Enderlein, 1920 1 -
Liopisa Enderlein, 1920 1 -
Marjoriella Sharkey, 1983 4 -
Mesocoelus Schulz, 1911 2 -
Pharpa Sharkey, 1986 3 -
Plesiocoelus van Achterberg, 1990 1 -
Sesioctonus Viereck, 1912 1 30
Trachagathis Viereck, 1912 2 -
Zacremnops Sharkey & Warton, 1985 4 -
Zamicrodus Viereck, 1912 - 15
Subfamilia Alysiinae
Alysia Latreille, 1804 - -
Alysiasta Wharton, 1980 4 -
Aphaereta Foerster, 1862 16 -
Asobara Foerster, 1862 8 -
Aspilota Foerster, 1862 15 -
Chaenusa Haliday, 1839 10 -
Chorebus Haliday, 1833 18 -
Coelinius Nees, 1818 40
Coloneura Foerster, 1862 - -
Cratospila Foerster, 1862 1 -
Dacnusa Haliday, 1833 - -
Dapsilarthra Foerster, 1862 - -
Dapsildiastema Wharton, 1994 - -
Dinotrema Foerster, 1862 40 -
Exotela Foerster, 1862 - -
Gnathopleura Wharton, 1980 12 -
Hoplitalysia Ashmead, 1900 1 -
Idiasta Foerster, 1862 1 -
Ilatha Fischer, 1975 5 -
Mesocrina Foerster, 1862 1 -
Microcrasis Fischer, 1975 2 -
Oenonogastra Ashmead, 1900 1 -
Orthostigma Ratzeburg, 1844 9 -
Pentapleura, Foerster, 1862 4 -
Phaenocarpa Foerster, 1862 2 -
Symphya Foerster, 1862 6 -
Tanycarpa Foerster, 1862 4 -


Lysiphlebus Foerster, 1862 7 -

Monoctonus Haliday, 1833 3 -
Praon Haliday, 1833 17 -
Pseudephedrus Starý, 1972 5 -
Pseudopraon Starý, 1975
Quadrictonus Starý & Remaudiere, 1833 1 -
Trioxys Haliday, 1833 4
Subfamilia Betylobraconinae - -
Conobregma van Achterberg, 1995 5 -
Jannya van Achterberg, 1995 2 -
Subfamilia Blacinae - -
Apoblacus van Achterberg, 1976 1 -
Blacozona van Achterberg, 1988 1 -
Blacus Nees, 1818 40 -
Chalarope van Achterberg, 1988 1 -
Glyptoblacus van Achterberg, 1995 1 -
Grypokeros van Achterberg, 1988 2 -
Mesoxiphium van Achterberg, 1976 2 -
Stegnocella van Achterberg, 1976 1 -
Subfamilia Braconinae - -
Alienoclypeus Shenefelt, 1978
Atanycolus Foerster, 1862 - -
Bracon Fabricius, 1804 - -
Calobracon Szépligeti, 1902 - -
Cervellus Szepligeti, 1904 - -
Coeloides Wesmael, 1838 - -
Compsobracon Ashmead, 1900 - -
Compsobraconoides Quicke, 1989 5 -
Cyanopterus Haliday, 1835 - -
Cyclaulacidea Quicke & Delobel, 1995 1 -
Cyclaulax Cameron, 1911 - -
Digonogastra Viereck, 1912 - -
Gnathobracon Costa, 1864 1 -
Gracilibracon Quicke, 1995 3 -
Habrobracon Ashmead, 1895 - -
Hemibracon Szépligeti, 1906 - -
Lasiophorus Haliday, 1838 - -
Leptobracon Szépligeti, 1901 - -
Megabracon Szépligeti, 1906 - -
Megacoeloides Quicke, 1989 1 -
Myosoma Brullé, 1846 - -
Myosomatoides Quicke, 1994 1 -
Palabracon Quicke, 1988 - -
Pheloura van Achterberg, 1989 1 -
Sacirema Quicke, 1995 1 -
Vipiomorpha Tobias, 1986
Vipio Latreille, 1804 - -
Subfamilia Cardiochilinae - -
Cardiochiles Nees, 1818 16 5
Hansonia Dangerfield, 1996 1 -


Heteropteron Brullé, 1846 1 -

Neocardiochiles Szépligeti, 1908 1 -
Schoenlandella Cameron, 1904 - -
Toxoneuron Say, 1836 20 -
Wesmaelella Spinola, 1853 2 -
Subfamilia Cenocoeliinae - -
Aulacodes Cresson, 1865 1 -
Capitonius Brullé, 1846 - -
Cenocoelius Haliday, 1840 - -
Evaniomorpha Szépligeti, 1901 1 -
Foenomorpha Szépligeti, 1904 1 -
Subfamilia Cheloninae - -
Ascogaster Wesmael, 1835 - -
Chelonus Panzer, 1806 - -
Dentigaster Zettel, 1990 3 6
Fischeriella Zettel, 1990 - -
Leptochelonus Zettel, 1990 1 -
Leptodrepana Shaw, 1990 - -
Microchelonus Szépligeti, 1908 5 -
Phanerotoma Wesmael, 1838 50 -
Phanerotomoides Zettel, 1990 1 -
Pseudophanerotoma Zettel, 1990 10 -
Subfamilia Dirrhopinae - -
Dirrhope Foerster, 1861 - -
Subfamilia Doryctinae - -
Acanthorhogas Szépligeti, 1906 1 -
Achterbergia Marsh, 1993 1 -
Acrophasmus Enderlein, 1912 10 -
Aivalykus Nixon, 1838 4 -
Aphelopsia Marsh, 1993 1 -
Araucania Marsh, 1993 2 -
Atopodoryctes Marsh, 1993 1 -
Binarea Brullé, 1846 4 -
Bohartiellus Marsh, 1983 2 -
Caingagia Marsh, 1993 1 -
Callihormius Ashmead, 1900 7 -
Coiba Marsh, 1993 3 -
Curtisella Spinola, 1853 6 -
Cyphodoryctes Marsh, 1997 1 -
Dendrosoter Wesmael, 1838 6 -
Donquickeia Marsh, 1997 2 -
Doryctes Haliday, 1836 100 -
Ecphyloides Marsh, 1993 1 -
Ecphylus Foerster, 1862 25 -
Evaniodes Szépligeti, 1901 1 -
Fritziella Marsh, 1993 1 -
Glyptocolastes Ashmead, 1900 - -
Guaygata Marsh, 1993 1 -
Gymnobracon Szépligeti, 1902 3 -
Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 2 -


Heerz Marsh, 1993 2 -

Heterospilus Haliday, 1836 - -
Histeromeroides Marsh, 1993 1 -
Holcobracon Cameron, 1905 4 300
Hybodoryctes Szépligeti, 1906 2 -
Janzenia Marsh, 1993 1 -
Johnsonius Marsh, 1993 3 -
Labania Hedqvist, 1963 1 -
Leluthia Cameron, 1887 3 -
Liobracon Szépligeti, 1901 20 -
Masonius Marsh, 1993 1 -
Megaloproctus Shulz, 1906 13 -
Micrommatus Marsh, 1993 1 -
Mixtec Marsh, 1993 1 -
Monarea Szépligeti, 1904 3 -
Monolexis Foerster, 1862 8 -
Mononeuron Fischer, 1981 1 -
Nervellius Roman, 1924 4 -
Notiuspathius Matthews & Marsh, 1973 14 -
Odontobracon Cameron, 1887 4 -
Pambolidea Ashmead, 1900 2
Osmophila Szépligeti, 1902 3 -
Panama Marsh, 1993 1 -
Parallorhogas Marsh, 1993 1 -
Pariodes Fischer, 1981 1 -
Pedinotus Szépligeti, 1902 4 -
Percnobracon Kieffer, 1910 2 -
Psenobolus Reinhard, 1885 3 -
Ptesimogaster Marsh, 1965 3 -
Rhanconotus Ruthe, 1854 75 -
Rhoptocentroides Marsh, 1993 1 -
Semirhytus Szépligeti, 1902 2 -
Sericobracon Shaw, 1985 2 -
Sharkeyella Marsh, 1993 1 -
Shawius Marsh, 1993 1 -
Spathius Nees, 1818 - -
Stenocorse Marsh, 1968 1 -
Tarasco Marsh, 1993 1
Trigonophasmus Enderlein, 1912 8 -
Tripteria Enderlein, 1912 1 -
Verae Marsh, 1993 1 -
Waitaca Marsh, 1993 1 -
Whartonius Marsh, 1993 2 -
Whitfieldiellus Marsh, 1997 1 -
Subfamilia Euphorinae - -
Aridelus Marshall, 1887 4 -
Bracteodes de Saeger, 1946 1 -
Centistes Haliday, 1835 7 -
Centistina Enderlein, 1912 - -
Centistoides van Achterberg, 1992 1 -


Chrysopophthours Goidanich, 1948 4 -

Cosmophorus Ratzeburg, 1848 - -
Cryptoxilos Viereck, 1911 - -
Dinocampus Foerster, 1862 1 -
Euphoriella Ashmead, 1900 - -
Falcosyntretus Tobias, 1965 1 -
Holdawayella Loan, 1967 - -
Lecythodella Enderlein, 1912 1 -
Leiophron Nees, 1818 - -
Litostolus van Achterberg, 1985 4 -
Marshiella Shaw, 1985 2 -
Microctonus Wesmael, 1835 26 -
Orionis Shaw, 1985 2 -
Perilitus Nees, 1818 - -
Peristenus Foerster, 1862 5 -
Plynops Shaw, 1996 10 -
Pygostolus Haliday, 1833 3 -
Syntretus Foerster, 1862 3 -
Townesilitus Haeselbarth & Loan, 1983 4 -
Wesmaelia Foerster, 1862 - -
Subfamilia Gnamptodontinae - -
Gnamptodon Haliday, 1833 8 -
Pseudognaptodon Fischer, 1964 3 -
Subfamilia Helconinae - -
Aliolus Say, 1836 - -
Baeacis Foerster, 1878 1 -
Diospilus Haliday, 1833 - -
Eubazus Nees, 1814 - -
Helcon Nees, 1814 - -
Nealiolus Mason, 1974 - 120
Schizoprymnus Foerster, 1862 4 -
Topaldios Papp, 1995 2 -
Triaspis Haliday, 1835 - 100
Urosigalphus Ashmead, 1888 - 100
Vadum Mason, 1987 1 -
Wroughtonia Cameron, 1899 - -
Subfamilia Homolobinae - -
Charmontia van Achterberg, 1979 1
Charmon Haliday, 1833 20
Exasticolus van Achterberg, 1979 3 -
Homolobus Foerster, 1862 12 -
Subfamilia Hormiinae - -
Acrisis Foerster, 1862 2 -
Allobracon Gahan, 1915 11 -
Aspilodemon Fischer, 1966 7 -
Cantharactonus Viereck, 1912 3 -
Chremylus Haliday, 1833 1
Colastes Haliday, 1833 - -
Hormius Nees, 1818 18 -
Hydrangeocola Brethes, 1927 13 -


Lysitermus Foerster, 1862 2 -

Monitoriella Hedqvist, 1963 5 -
Oncophanes Foerster, 1862 8
Pambolus Haliday, 1836 2 -
Parahormius Nixon, 1940 5 -
Rhysipolis Foerster, 1862 1
Shawiana Achterberg, 1983 2
Xenarcha Foerster, 1862 1
Xenosternum Muesebeck, 1935 1
Subfamilia Ichneutinae - -
Hebichneutes Sharkey & Wharton, 1994 4 -
Helconichia Sharkey & Wharton, 1994 sa -
Lispixys Mason, 1994 2 -
Masonbeckia Sharkey & Wharton, 1994 6 -
Muesonia Sharkey & Wharton, 1994 3 -
Oligoneurus Szépligeti, 1902 2 -
Paroligoneurus Muesebeck, 1931 11 -
Proterops Wesmael, 1835 3 -
Subfamilia Macrocentrinae - -
Austrozele Roman, 1910 - -
Dolichozele Viereck, 1911 - -
Hymenochaonia Dalla Torre, 1898 5 -
Macrocentrus Curtis, 1833 40 -
Subfamilia Masoninae
Masona van Achterberg, 1995
Subfamilia Mendesellinae - -
Epsilogaster Whitfield & Mason, 1994 1 -
Mendesella Whitfield & Mason, 1994 1 -
Subfamilia Meteorideinae - -
Meteoridea Ashmead, 1900 - -
Subfamilia Meteorinae - -
Meteorus Haliday, 1835 47 -
Zele Curtis, 1832 7 -
Subfamilia Microgastrinae - -
Alphomellon Mason, 1981 - -
Apanteles Foerster, 1862 - 1000
Austrocotesia Austin & Dangerfield, 1992 1 -
Choeras Mason, 1981 - -
Clarkinella Mason, 1981 - -
Cotesia Cameron, 1891 - -
Dasylagon Muesebeck, 1958 - -
Deuterixys Mason, 1981 - -
Diolcogaster Ashmead, 1900 - -
Distatrix Mason, 1981 - -
Dolichogenidea Viereck, 1911 - -
Exix Mason, 1981 - -
Fornicia Brullé, 1846 - -
Glyptapanteles Ashmead, 1904 - -
Hypomicrogaster Ashmead, 1898 - -
Iconella Mason, 1981 - -


Illidops Mason, 1981 - -

Larissimus Nixon, 1965 - -
Lathrapanteles Williams, 1985 - -
Microplitis Foerster, 1862 - -
Papanteles Mason, 1981 - -
Parapanteles Ashmead, 1900 - -
Pholetesor Mason, 1981 - -
Prasmodon Nixon, 1965 - -
Promicrogaster Brues & Richardson, 1913 - -
Protomicroplitis Ashmead, 1898 - -
Pseudapanteles Ashmead, 1898 - -
Rasivalva Mason, 1981 - -
Rhygoplitis Mason, 1981 - -
Sathon Mason, 1981 - -
Sendaphne Nixon, 1965 - -
Snellenius Westwood, 1882 - -
Venanides Mason, 1981 - -
Venanus Mason, 1981 - -
Wilkinsonellus Mason, 1981 - -
Xanthapanteles Whitfield, 1995 1 -
Xanthomicrogaster Cameron, 1911 - -
Xenogaster Mason, 1981 - -
Subfamilia Miracinae - -
Mirax Haliday, 1833 - -
Subfamilia Opiinae - -
Biosteres Foerster, 1862 20
Diachasmimorpha Viereck, 1913 5
Doryctobracon Enderlein, 1920 14 -
Eurytenes Marshall, 1862 1
Fopius Wharton, 1987
Opius Wesmael, 1835 400 -
Psyttalia Walker, 1860 1
Utetes Foerster, 1862 35 -
Subfamilia Orgilinae - -
Antestrix van Achterberg, 1987 2
Bentonia van Achterberg, 1992 2 -
Orgilus Haliday, 1833 120 -
Podorgilus van Achterberg, 1994 1 -
Stantonia Ashmead, 1904 5 -
Subfamilia Rogadinae - -
Aleiodes Wesmael, 1838 - 200
Bulborogas van Achterberg, 1995 2 -
Choreborogas Whitfield, 1990 8 -
Clinocentrus Haliday, 1833 3 -
Cystomastax Szépligeti, 1904 6 -
Macrostomion Szépligeti, 1900 1 -
Polystenidea Viereck, 1911 2 -
Rogas Nees, 1818 - 150
Stiropius Cameron, 1911 17 -
Tetrasphhaeropyx Ashmead, 1888 1


Yelicones Cameron, 1887 5 -

Subfamilia Sigalphinae - -
Psephalanus Szépligeti, 1902 - -
Sigalphus Latreille, 1802 - -
Subfamilia Ypsistocerinae - -
Embobracon van Achterberg, 1995 1 -
Termitobracon Brues, 1923 1 -
Ypsistocerus Cushman, 1923 2 -
Listado Taxonómico / Taxonomic List

Se presenta una lista de los géneros de Braconidae conocidos para el Neotrópico y Colombia con referencias e información
adicional sobre su biología. La distribución en el Neotrópico se basa principalmente en Wharton et al. (1997) y Shaw (1995).
Se considera la región neotropical en sentido amplio ya que es un grupo muy poco estudiado y los límites de su distribución
al nivel de género no son claros; algunas veces sólo se menciona el país de origen del tipo. La lista de géneros para Colombia
es preliminar de acuerdo con la distribución conocida por región natural. Los registros marcados con asterístico (*), son
nuevos hallazgos taxonómicos para el Neotrópico y/o Colombia. Adicionalmente se presentan referencias, algunas de ellas
indican el nombre del género entre paréntesis cuando ha sido sinonimizado (para más detalles consultar apéndice de listado
sinonímico). Igualmente se incluye información sobre su biología y sobre su hospedero cuando se conoce. (Endo)
Endoparasitoide; (Ecto) Ectoparasitoide; (K) Koinobionte; (I) Idiobionte y (D) Desconocida. En la columna Distribución
Neotropical aparecen abreviaturas ne= Neotrópico, sa= Sudamérica, Cam= Centroamérica, ica= islas del caribe y rd= Repú-
blica Dominicana.
This checklist shows the known genera of Braconidae that occur in Colombia and the Neotropical Region and includes
additional information and references on their biology. Neotropical distribution records are mostly based on Wharton et
al. (1997) and Shaw (1995). The Neotropical Region is regarded on its broad sense since this group has been poorly
studied and the distribution boundaries are not clear; some of the distribution records make reference to the country
where the type specimen was found. The genera checklist for Colombia is preliminary according to the known distribu-
tions per natural region. Distributions with an asterisk (*) are new findings for the Neotropics and/or Colombia. The
checklist also includes references, some of them showing in parenthesis the former name used at the time of the study, but
that has become a synonym (for details consult the appendix containing the synonymic list). Likewise, host information
and notes on the biology are included: (Endo) endoparasitoid; (Ecto) ectoparasitoid; (K) Kionobiont; (I) Idiobiont and
(D) Unknown. Other abbreviations appear under Neotropical Distribution: ne = Neotropics, sa = South America, cam =
Central America, ica = Caribbean Islands and rd = Dominican Republic.
Distribución Distribución Referencia

Taxón Neotropical en Colombia Bibliográfica Hospedero Biología
Taxon Neotropical Distribution Bibliographic Host Biology
Distribution in Colombia Reference
ADELIINAE
Adelius Haliday, 1833 ne Whitfield Lepidoptera Endo D
& Wagner 1991
Paradelius de Saeger, 1942 cam Whitfield 1989 Lepidoptera Endo D
AGATHIDINAE
Aerophilus Szépligeti, 1902 sa Sharkey 1992 D Endo K
Alabagrus Enderlein, 1920 ne amz and car Sharkey 1988 Pyralidae Endo K
ori pac
Bassus Fabricius, 1804 ne and car ori pac Sharkey 1985 Gelechiidae, Noctuidae, Endo K
Pyralidae, Tortricidae,
Tineidae, Coleophoridae


Coccygidium de Saussure, 1892 ne amz and car ori Sharkey 1992 Endo K
Crassomicrodus Ashmead, 1900 ne Sharkey 1992 Noctuidae Endo K
Cremmops Foerster, 1862 ne and car Berta de Fernández Pyralidae Endo K
1998, Marsh 1961
Dichelosus Szépligeti, 1902 cam sa amz and ori pac Sharkey 1992 D Endo K
Earinus Wesmael, 1837 sa and pac Sharkey 1992 Gracillariidae, Tineidae, Endo K
Noctuidae, Geometridae,
Coleophoridae, Trorticidae,
Oecophoridae
Labagathis Enderlein, 1920 sa Sharkey 1992 D Endo K
Liopisa Enderlein, 1920 cam sa and Sharkey 1992 D Endo K
Marjoriella Sharkey, 1983 sa amz Sharkey 1983 D Endo K
Mesocoelus Schulz, 1911 cam sa van Achterberg 1990 Gracillariidae Endo K
Pharpa Sharkey, 1986 cam sa and pac Sharkey 1986 D Endo K
Plesiocoelus van Achterberg, 1990 cam sa van Achterberg 1990 D Endo K
Sesioctonus Viereck, 1912 cam sa amz pac car Briceño 1999 D Endo K
Trachagathis Viereck, 1912 sa and Sharkey 1992 D Endo K
Zacremnops Sharkey & Warton, 1985 ne car ori pac Sharkey 1990 Pyralidae Endo K
Zamicrodus Viereck, 1912 cam sa amz ori Sharkey 1992 D Endo K
ALYSIINAE
Alysia Latreille, 1804 me and Wharton 1988b Anthomyiidae, Tephritidae, Endo K
Calliphoridae, Muscidae,
Sarcophagidae,
Heleomyzidae
Alysiasta Wharton, 1980 cam Wharton 1980 Sarcophagidae Endo K
Anisocyrta Foerster, 1862 me Wharton 1984a; D Endo K
Achterberg 1986
Aphaereta Foerster, 1862 ne and Wharton 1994 Diptera Calliptrata Endo K
Asobara Foerster, 1862 ne and Wharton 1984a, Drosophilidae, Sepsidae, Endo K
1994 Tephritidae
Aspilota Foerster, 1862 ne and van Achterberg Phoridae, Platypezidae Endo K
1988a; Wharton 1985
Chaenusa Haliday, 1839 ar ch Griffiths 1964 Ephydridae Endo K
Chorebus Haliday, 1833 ne Griffiths 1964 Agromyzidae, Ephydridae Endo K
Coelinius Nees, 1818 me Wharton 1994 Chloropidae Endo K
Coloneura Foerster, 1862 me Griffiths 1964; Agromyzidae Endo K
van Achterberg 1976a
Cratospila Foerster, 1862 cam sa and Wharton 1980 D Endo K
Dacnusa Haliday, 1833 me ch Griffiths 1964 Agromyzidae, Endo K
Drosophilidae
Dapsilarthra Foerster, 1862 cam van Achterberg 1983a, Agromyzidae, Endo K
Griffiths 1968a, 1968b Anthomyiidae
Dapsildiastema Wharton, 1994 sa Wharton 1994 D Endo K
Dinotrema Foerster, 1862 ne van Achterberg 1988a; Phoridae Endo K
Wharton 1985
Exotela Foerster, 1862 me Griffiths 1964, Agromyzidae Endo K
1966a, 1966b, 1968a
Gnathopleura Wharton, 1980 ne amz and Wharton 1980 Calliphoridae, Muscidae, Endo K
Sarcophagidae
Hoplitalysia Ashmead, 1900 me Wharton 1980 D Endo K
Idiasta Foerster, 1862 sa and Wharton 1980 D Endo K
Ilatha Fischer, 1975 ne and Wharton 1980 D Endo K
Mesocrina Foerster, 1862 me Wharton 1980; D Endo K
Microcrasis Fischer, 1975 cam sa and Fischer 1975 Lonchaeidae, Tephritidae Endo K
Oenonogastra Ashmead, 1900 ne and Fischer 1974 Agromyzidae Endo K
Orthostigma Ratzeburg, 1844 cam Wharton 1980; Phoridae Endo K


Pentapleura Foerster, 1862 cam sa and Wharton 1980, Sphaeroceridae Endo K

1984b
Phaenocarpa Foerster, 1862 ne Papp 1969 D Endo K
Symphya Foerster, 1862 me Rohwer 1914; Agromyzidae Endo K
Griffiths 1964
Tanycarpa Foerster, 1862 ne Wharton 1980 Drosophilidae Endo K
Vachterbergia Warthon, 1994 sa Wharton 1994 D Endo K
APHIDIINAE
Aphidius Nees, 1818 ne and Pungerl 1983, 1986 Aphididae, Thelaxidae, Endo K
Drepanosiphidae
Binodoxys Mackauer, 1960 ne Starý 1995 Aphididae Endo K
Diaeretiella Starý, 1960 ne Read et al. 1970 Aphididae Endo K
Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 ne Gardenfors 1986; Aphididae, Drepanosiphidae, Endo K
Starý 1995 Pemphigidae, Anoeciidae
Lysiphlebus Foerster, 1862 ne and pac Smith 1944; Aphididae, Anoeciidae Endo K
Monoctonus Haliday, 1833 me ch Gardenfors 1986; Aphididae, Thelaxidae, Endo K
Starý 1995 Drepanosiphide
Praon Haliday, 1833 ne Johnson 1987 Aphididae, Lachnidae, Endo K
Thelaxidae, Drepanosiphidae
Pseudopraon Strarý, 1975 me Starý, 1975 Aphididae
Pseudephedrus Starý, 1972 ne Starý 1972, Aphididae Endo K
1976, 1994
Quadrictonus Starý me Starý & Remaudiere Aphididae Endo K
& Remaudiere, 1982 1982; van
Achterberg 1989
Adialytus Foerster, 1862 me Marsh 1979a Aphididae, Thelaxidae,
(como subgénero de Drepanosiphide
Lysiphlebus)
Lysaphidus Smith, 1944 me Smith 1944; Aphididae
Marsh 1979a
Trioxys Haliday, 1833 me Smith 1944; Aphididae, Thelaxidae,
Starý 1981 Drepanosiphide
APOZYGINAE
Apozyx Mason, 1978 ch Mason 1978; D D D
Sharkey & Wahl 1992
BETYLOBRACONINAE
Conobregma van Achterberg, 1995 ica rd van Achterberg 1995b D D K
Jannya van Achterberg, 1995 cam sa van Achterberg 1995b D D K
BLACINAE
Apoblacus van Achterberg, 1976 ch van Achterberg D D D
1976b, 1988b
Blacozona van Achterberg, 1988 ar van Achterberg D D D
1976b, 1988b
Blacus Nees, 1818 ne and amz car van Achterberg 1988b Coleoptera D D
Chalarope van Achterberg, 1988 ch van Achterberg 1988b D D D
Glyptoblacus van Achterberg, 1995 ho van Achterberg 1995a D D D
Grypokeros van Achterberg, 1988 ch van Achterberg 1988b D D D
Mesoxiphium van Achterberg, 1976 ch van Achterberg D D D
1976b, 1988b
Stegnocella van Achterberg, 1976 ch van Achterberg D D D
1976b, 1988b
BRACONINAE
Alienoclypeus Shenefelt, 1978 me Mason 1978
Atanycolus Foerster, 1862 cam sa and Shenefelt 1943 Cerambycidae, Buprestidae Ecto I
Bracon Fabricius, 1804 ne amz and car Muesebeck 1925 Larvas de Lepidoptera, Ecto I
ori pac Coleoptera y Diptera


Calobracon Szépligeti, 1902 sa and ori Shenefelt 1978 D Ecto I

Cervellus Szepligeti, 1904 sa ica and Fahringer 1930 Larvas de Coleoptera Ecto I
Coeloides Wesmael, 1838 me Mason 1978 Scolytidae, Curculionidae,
Buprestidae
Compsobracon Ashmead, 1900 ne amz and car Mason 1978; Pyralidae Ecto I
ori pac Shenefelt 1978
Compsobraconoides Quicke, 1989 ne and car ori pac Quicke & Sharkey D Ecto I
1989
Cyanopterus Haliday, 1835 ne amz and car Quicke & Sharkey Larvas de Coleoptera Ecto I
ori pac 1989 y Lepidoptera
Cyclaulacidea Quicke & Delobel, 1995 ne ori Quicke & Delobel Bruchidae y Curculionidae Ecto I
1995
Cyclaulax Cameron, 1911 ne and ori pac Shenefelt 1978 D Ecto I
Digonogastra Viereck, 1912 ne amz and car Quicke 1988c, 1989a Larvas de Coleoptera Ecto I
ori pac y Lepidoptera
Gnathobracon Costa, 1864 pe Quicke & Huddleston D Ecto I
1991
Gracilibracon Quicke, 1995 ne and ori pac Quicke 1995 D Ecto I
Habrobracon Ashmead, 1895 ne and Fischer 1968a Larvas de Coleoptera, Ecto I
Lepidoptera, Diptera
e Hymenoptera
Hemibracon Szépligeti, 1906 cam sa amz and car Shenefelt 1978 D Ecto I
ori pac
Lasiophorus Haliday, 1838 ne and ori Fahringer 1930; D Ecto I
Quicke 1989a
Leptobracon Szépligeti, 1901 ne amz Fahringer 1930 D Ecto I
Megabracon Szépligeti, 1906 ne and ori D Ecto I
Megacoeloides Quicke, 1989 pe Quicke 1989b D Ecto I
Myosoma Brullé, 1846 ne and pac Mason 1978 Pyralidae Ecto I
Myosomatoides Quicke, 1994 ne Quicke 1994 Pyralidae Ecto I
Palabracon Quicke, 1988 cam sa Quicke 1988b Pyralidae Ecto I
Pheloura van Achterberg, 1989 cam sa Achterberg 1989 D Ecto I
Sacirema Quicke, 1995 ne amz and pac Quicke 1995 D Ecto I
Vipiomorpha Tobias, 1962 sa Tobias 1986
Vipio Latreille, 1804 cam sa and ori Wharton & Mason Larvas de Coleoptera Ecto I
1991; ICZN 1994 y Lepidoptera
CARDIOCHILINAE Dangerfield et al. 1999

Cardiochiles Nees, 1818 ne and car Dangerfield et al. 1999 Lepidoptera Endo K
Hansonia Dangerfield, 1996 cam Dangerfield et al. 1999 Apatelodidae Endo K
Heteropteron Brullé, 1846 br Dangerfield et al. 1999 D Endo K
Neocardiochiles Szépligeti, 1908 su br amz * Dangerfield et al. 1999 D Endo K
Schoenlandella Cameron, 1904 ne Dangerfield et al. 1999 Lepidoptera Endo K
Toxoneuron Say, 1836 ne car Mao 1945, 1949 Noctuidae Endo K
Wesmaelella Spinola, 1853 sa Dangerfield et al. 1999 D Endo K
CENOCOELIINAE
Aulacodes Cresson, 1865 ica van Achterberg 1994a D Endo K
Capitonius Brullé, 1846 ne amz and ori pac Saffer 1977, 1982; Curculionidae Endo K
Cenocoelius Haliday, 1840 ne amz and Saffer 1982; Curculionidae, Cerambycidae, Endo K
Buprestidae, Scolytidae
Evaniomorpha Szépligeti, 1901 br van Achterberg 1994a D Endo K
Foenomorpha Szépligeti, 1904 su pe van Achterberg 1994a D Endo K
CHELONINAE
Ascogaster Wesmael, 1835 ne Shaw 1983 Tortricidae Endo K
Chelonus Panzer, 1806 ne amz and car pac Gelechiidae, Pyralidae, Endo K
Noctuidae


Dentigaster Zettel, 1990 cam sa Zettel 1990a D Endo K

Fischeriella Zettel, 1990 sa amz Zettel 1990a D Endo K
Leptochelonus Zettel, 1990 ch Zettel 1990a D Endo K
Leptodrepana Shaw, 1990 ne and amz car Shaw 1983 Plutellidae Endo K
Microchelonus Szépligeti, 1908 ne McComb 1968 Lyonetiidae, Gracillaridae, Endo K
Cosmopterigidae,
Gelechiidae, Yponomeutidae,
Pyralidae, Tortricidae,
Cochylidae
Phanerotoma Wesmael, 1838 ne and car Zettel 1989a, 1989b, Pyralidae, Gellechiidae, Endo K
1990b, 1991, Tortricidae
1992a, 1992b
Phanerotomoides Zettel, 1990 br Zettel 1990a D Endo K
Pseudophanerotoma Zettel, 1990 ne and car Zettel 1990a D Endo K
DIRRHOPINAE
Dirrhope Foerster, 1861 cam van Achterberg 1984a D D D
DORYCTINAE
Acanthorhogas Szépligeti, 1906 ne Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Achterbergia Marsh, 1993 cam sa pac Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Acrophasmus Enderlein, 1912 ne Marsh 1968; Lyctidae, Bostrichidae Ecto I
Shenefelt & Marsh
1976
Aivalykus Nixon, 1838 ne Marsh 1965 Scolytidae Ecto I
Aphelopsia Marsh, 1993 cam sa Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Araucania Marsh, 1993 sa ori * Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Atopodoryctes Marsh, 1993 ica Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Binarea Brullé, 1846 ne Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Bohartiellus Marsh, 1983 cam sa Marsh 1983b D Ecto I
Caingagia Marsh, 1993 br Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Callihormius Ashmead, 1900 ne Marsh 1966 Buprestidae y Cerambycidae Ecto I
Coiba Marsh, 1993 cam ica car Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Curtisella Spinola, 1853 ne Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Cyphodoryctes Marsh, 1997 br Marsh 1997 D Ecto I
Dendrosoter Wesmael, 1838 ne Marsh 1967; Shenefelt Scolytidae Ecto I
& Marsh 1976
Donquickeia Marsh, 1997 br Marsh 1997 D Ecto I
Doryctes Haliday, 1836 ne Marsh 1969; Shenefelt Larvas de Coleoptera Ecto I
& Marsh 1976 barrenadores de madera
Ecphyloides Marsh, 1993 br Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Ecphylus Foerster, 1862 cam Marsh 1965 Scolytidae, Bostrichidae, Ecto I
Lyctidae
Evaniodes Szépligeti, 1901 br pe ori Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976; Fischer 1981a
Fritziella Marsh, 1993 br Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Glyptocolastes Ashmead, 1900 ne Marsh 1968; Bruchidae, Bostrichidae Ecto I
Marsh 1993
Guaygata Marsh, 1993 ica Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Gymnobracon Szépligeti, 1902 ne and Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 ar Shenefelt & Marsh Scolytidae, Bostrichidae Ecto I
1976
Heerz Marsh, 1993 cr br Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Heterospilus Haliday, 1836 ne and pac amz ori Marsh 1982a, 1982b Larvas de Coleoptera Ecto I
barrenadores de madera


Histeromeroides Marsh, 1993 ne Marsh 1993 D Ecto I

Holcobracon Cameron, 1905 ica Marsh 1988 D Ecto I
Hybodoryctes Szépligeti, 1906 ne Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Janzenia Marsh, 1993 me cr Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Johnsonius Marsh, 1993 cam sa Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Labania Hedqvist, 1963 cam ica Hedqvist 1963; Formador de agallas Ecto I
Wharton 1993b en Ficus colubrinae
Leluthia Cameron, 1887 ne Marsh 1967; Shenefelt Buprestidae Ecto I
& Marsh 1976
Liobracon Szépligeti, 1901 ne and Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Masonius Marsh, 1993 cam Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Megaloproctus Shulz, 1906 ne and pac Marsh 1983a D Ecto I
Micrommatus Marsh, 1993 br Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Mixtec Marsh, 1993 me Marsh 1993; D Ecto I
Belokobyl’skij 1995
(como Hypodoryctes)
Monarea Szépligeti, 1904 ne amz * Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Monolexis Foerster, 1862 ne and Marsh 1965; Shenefelt Lyctidae, Scolytidae Ecto I
& Marsh 1976
Mononeuron Fischer, 1981 br Fischer 1981b D Ecto I
Nervellius Roman, 1924 ne amz Marsh 1988 D Ecto I
Notiuspathius Matthews y Marsh, 1973 ne pac Matthews & Marsh D Ecto I
1973
Odontobracon Cameron, 1887 ne amz ori Cerambycidae Ecto I
Osmophila Szépligeti, 1902 ne Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Pambolidea Ashmead, 1900 me Shenefelt & Marsh Scolytidae, Bostrichidae
1976
Panama Marsh, 1993 pn Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Parallorhogas Marsh, 1993 ne Marsh 1993 Pyralide, Bruchidae, Ecto I
Bostrichidae
Pariodes Fischer, 1981 br Fischer 1981a D Ecto I
Pedinotus Szépligeti, 1902 ne and Shenefelt & Marsh Scolytidae Ecto I
1976
Percnobracon Kieffer, 1910 ne Muesebeck 1958; Cecidomyiidae Ecto I
Shenefelt & Marsh
1976
Percnobraconoides Marsh, 1989 me Marsh 1989 Bostrichidae
Psenobolus Reinhard, 1885 cr br Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976; Ramírez
& Marsh 1996
Ptesimogaster Marsh, 1965 cb Marsh 1965 D Ecto I
Rhaconotus Ruthe, 1854 ne Marsh 1976; Shenefelt Coleoptera barrenadores Ecto I
& Marsh 1976 Marsh de tallos
Rhoptocentroides Marsh, 1993 cr br 1993; Belokobyl’skij D Ecto I
1995 (como
Pseudorhoptocentrus)
Semirhytus Szépligeti, 1902 ne Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Sericobracon Shaw, 1985 tt Shaw & Edgerly Embidiina Ecto I
1985
Sharkeyella Marsh, 1993 cam sa amz Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Shawius Marsh, 1993 br ar Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Spathius Nees, 1818 ne Matthews 1970; Coleoptera barrenadores Ecto I
Shenefelt & Marsh de madera
1976


Stenocorse Marsh, 1968 ne and Marsh 1968; Bruchidae Ecto I

Shenefelt & Marsh
1976
Tarasco Marsh, 1993 me Marsh 1993 D
Trigonophasmus Enderlein, 1912 ne and pac Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Tripteria Enderlein, 1912 br Shenefelt & Marsh D Ecto I
1976
Verae Marsh, 1993 br Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Waitaca Marsh, 1993 br Marsh 1993 D Ecto I
Whartonius Marsh, 1993 cam sa and Marsh 1993 Curculionidae Ecto I
Whitfieldiellus Marsh, 1997 me pn Marsh 1997 D Ecto I
EUPHORINAE
Aridelus Marshall, 1887 ne ori Papp 1965 Pentatomidae Endo K
Bracteodes de Saeger, 1946 cam Shaw 1985 D Endo K
Centistes Haliday, 1835 ne and Shaw 1995 Curculionidae, Endo K
Chrysomelidae, Carabidae
Centistina Enderlein, 1912 ne Shaw 1985 D Endo K
Centistoides van Achterberg, 1992 su Acherterberg 1992a D Endo K
Chrysopophthours Goidanich, 1948 cam sa ica Mason 1964 Chrysopidae Endo K
Cosmophorus Ratzeburg, 1848 ica Shaw 1985 Scolytidae Endo K
Cryptoxilos Viereck, 1911 ne Shaw 1985 Scolytidae Endo K
Dinocampus Foerster, 1862 ne and Shaw 1985 Coccinellidae Endo K
Euphoriella Ashmead, 1900 ne and Loan & New 1971 Pscoptera Endo K
Falcosyntretus Tobias, 1965 ne Tobias 1965; D Endo K
Shaw 1985
Holdawayella Loan, 1967 ne Loan 1967 Tingidae Endo K
Lecythodella Enderlein, 1912 ne D Endo K
Leiophron Nees, 1818 ne Loan 1974 Miridae Endo K
Litostolus van Achterberg, 1985 cam van Achterberg 1985 D Endo K
Marshiella Shaw, 1985 cam cam Shaw 1985 Anthicidae Endo K
Microctonus Wesmael, 1835 ne and Loan 1969 Curculionidae, Endo K
Chrysomelidae, Carabidae
Orionis Shaw, 1985 cam car and pac amz Shaw 1987 D Endo K
Perilitus Nees, 1818 ne and Shaw 1985 Curculionidae, Endo K
Chrysomelidae
Peristenus Foerster, 1862 cam Loan 1974 Miridae Endo K
Plynops Shaw, 1996 cam sa pac amz Shaw 1996 D Endo K
Pygostolus Haliday, 1833 ne van Achterberg 1985 Curculionidae Endo K
Syntretus Foerster, 1862 ne Marsh 1979b; Ichneumonidae, Apidae Endo K
Shaw 1985
Townesilitus Haeselbarth & Loan, 1983 ne and Haeselbarth Chrysomelidae Endo K
y Loan 1983
Wesmaelia Foerster, 1862 ne Shaw 1985, Nabidae
Shaw 1997
GNAMPTODONTINAE
Gnamptodon Haliday, 1833 ne Fischer 1977, Nepticulidae D D
Achterberg 1983c
Pseudognaptodon Fischer, 1964 ne and * Whitfield & Wagner Nepticulidae D D
1991; Fischer 1977
HELCONINAE
Aliolus Say, 1836 co and Martin 1956 Cerambycidae, Endo K
Curculionidae, Mordellidae
Baeacis Foerster, 1878 ne and Marsh 1979b Anobiidae, Cerambycidae Endo K
Diospilus Haliday, 1833 ne Mason 1968 Anobiidae, Nitidulidae, Endo K
Curculionidae


Eubazus Nees, 1814 ne and amz ori Mason 1974 Curculionidae, Bruchidae Endo K
car pac
Helcon Nees, 1814 ne Marsh 1979b Cerambycidae Endo K
Nealiolus Mason, 1974 ne and Marsh 1979b Curculionidae Endo K
Schizoprymnus Foerster, 1862 ne and car Mordellidae Endo K
Topaldios Papp, 1995 ar ch Papp 1995 D Endo K
Triaspis Haliday, 1835 ne and ori car pac Martin 1956 Curculionidae, Bruchidae Endo K
Urosigalphus Ashmead, 1888 ne and amz Gibson 1972a, Endo K
1972b, 1974
Vadum Mason, 1987 co * and Mason 1987 D Endo K
Wroughtonia Cameron, 1899 co * van Achterberg 1987a Cerambycidae Endo K
(como Wroughtoniay
Helconidea)
HOMOLOBINAE
Charmon Haliday, 1833 me van Achterberg 1979 Tortricidae, Gelechiidae,
Oecophoridae, Pyralidae
Charmontia van Achterberg, 1979 ch van Achterberg 1979 D
Exasticolus van Achterberg, 1979 cam sa and amz car ori van Achterberg 1979 Lasiocampidae Endo K
Homolobus Foerster, 1862 ne and amz car ori van Achterberg 1979 Noctuidae, Geometridae Endo K
HORMIINAE
Acrisis Foerster, 1862 cam Belokobyl’skij 1993a; D Ecto I
Tobias 1993
Allobracon Gahan, 1915 ne Wharton 1993b, Lepidoptera, Buprestidae, Ecto I
Clark 1965 Chrysomelidae
Aspilodemon Fischer, 1966 cam sa and Fischer 1966; D Ecto I
Wharton 1988a
Cantharactonus Viereck, 1912 cam sa Whitfield & van Lyonetiidae Ecto I
Achterberg 1987
Chremylus Haliday, 1833 ch Belokobyl’skij 1987a, Coleoptera
1987b, 1993a,1993b;
Wharton 1993b
Colastes Haliday, 1833 me br Belokobyl’skij & Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Ecto I
Tobias 1986; van Hymenoptera, Diptera
Achterberg 1983b
Hormius Nees, 1818 ne and amz car ori Hedqvist 1963; Gelechiidae, Tortricidae, Ecto I
Wharton 1993b; Coleophoridae
Infante et al. 1995
Hydrangeocola Brethes, 1927 ch co and * Wharton 1988a, Formador de agallas Ecto I
1993b, Fischer 1968b en Hydrangea
(como Kephalosema)
Lysitermus Foerster, 1862 cam ica Wharton 1993b Psychidae Ecto I
Monitoriella Hedqvist, 1963 cam sa Hedqvist 1963; Formador de agallas Ecto I
Wharton 1993b; en Philodendron
Infante et al. 1995
Oncophanes Foerster, 1862 me Belokobyl’skij Tortricidae
1993a, 1993b
Pambolus Haliday, 1836 cam sa and amz car pac Belokobyl’skij 1986, Buprestidae Ecto I
1987a, 1987b, y Chrysomelidae
1993a ,1993b
Parahormius Nixon, 1940 cam Wharton 1993b Coleophoridae, Ecto I
Cosmopterygidae,
Gelechiidae y Lyonetiidae
Proacrisis Tobias, 1983 me Tobias 1983; D
Belokobyl’skij
1993a, 1993b


Rhysipolis Foerster, 1862 me Belokobyl’skij Gracillariidae

& Tobias 1986;
Belokobyl’skij
1993a, 1993b
Shawiana Achterberg, 1983 me br Shaw & Huddleston Tenthredinidae
1991; Belokobyl’skij
1993a (como Colastes)
Xenarcha Foerster, 1862 me Shaw 1983; van Tenthredinidae
Achterberg 1983b
Xenosternum Muesebeck, 1935 me Belokobyl’skij 1993a, Gelechiidae,
1993b; van Achterberg Cosmopterygidae,
1983b Gracillariidae
ICHNEUTINAE
Hebichneutes Sharkey & Wharton, 1994 cam sa Sharkey & Wharton D Endo K
1994
Helconichia Sharkey & Wharton, 1994 Sharkey & Wharton D Endo K
1994
Lispixys Mason, 1994 ne Mason 1969, 1991; Endo K
Sharkey & Wharton
1994
Masonbeckia Sharkey & Wharton, 1994 cam sa Sharkey & Wharton Argidae Endo K
1994
Muesonia Sharkey & Wharton, 1994 ne Sharkey & Wharton D Endo K
1994
Oligoneurus Szépligeti, 1902 ne Whitfield & Wagner Lyonetiidae Endo K
1991; Sharkey
& Wharton 1994
Paroligoneurus Muesebeck, 1931 ne Whitfield & Wagner Nepticulidae Endo K
1991; Sharkey
& Wharton 1994
Proterops Wesmael, 1835 ne Whitfield & Wagner Argidae Endo K
1991; Sharkey
& Wharton 1994
MACROCENTRINAE
Austrozele Roman, 1910 cam sa Mason 1977 Geometridae Endo K
Dolichozele Viereck, 1911 ne amz and ori van Achterberg 1993 Arctiidae Endo K
Hymenochaonia Dalla Torre, 1898 cam sa and ori van Achterberg 1993 Pyralidae, Tortricidae Endo K
Macrocentrus Curtis, 1833 ne Muesebeck 1932 Pyralidae, Tortricidae Endo K
MASONINAE
Masona van Achterberg, 1995 br co amz * van Achterberg 1995b D D D
MENDESELLINAE
Epsilogaster Whitfield & Mason, 1994 cam sa Whitfield & Mason D D D
1994
Mendesella Whitfield & Mason, 1994 sa ori * Whitfield & Mason D D D
1994
METEORIDEINAE
Meteoridea Ashmead, 1900 ne van Achterberg 1990 Larvas de Lepidoptera Endo K
METEORINAE
Meteorus Haliday, 1835 ne and car ori amz Huddleston 1980, Larvas de Coleoptera Endo K
1983 y Lepidoptera
Zele Curtis, 1832 cam sa and pac Mason 1973; Larvas de Lepidoptera Endo K
van Achterberg
1979, 1984b


MICROGASTRINAE
Alphomellon Mason 1981 ne and amz Muesebeck 1920 Hesperiidae Endo K
(como Apanteles);
Mason 1981
Apanteles, Foerster, 1862 and car ori pac Muesebeck 1920, Lepidoptera Endo K
1958; Nixon 1965,
Mason 1981
Austrocotesia Austin cam sa Austin & Dangerfield D Endo K
& Dangerfield, 1992 1992
Choeras Mason, 1981 ne Nixon 1965 (como Lepidoptera Endo K
grupo de Apanteles,
Hypomicrogaster y
Promicrogaster);
Mason 1981
Clarkinella Mason, 1981 ne Mason 1981 D Endo K
Cotesia Cameron, 1891 ne and ori Muesebeck 1920 Lepidoptera Endo K
(como Apanteles);
Nixon 1965 (como
grupo glomeratusde
Apanteles); Papp
1986a, 1986b, 1987
(como grupo
glomeratus de
Apanteles)
Dasylagon Muesebeck, 1958 sa Nixon 1965 Sesiidae, Thyrididae Endo K
Deuterixys Mason, 1981 ne Whitfield 1985 Bucculatrigidae, Lyonetiidae Endo K
Diolcogaster Ashmead, 1900 ne Mason 1981 Lepidoptera Endo K
Distatrix Mason, 1981 ne Nixon 1965 (como Lepidoptera Endo K
grupo formosusde
Apanteles); Mason
1981
Dolichogenidea Viereck, 1911 ne and pac Muesebeck 1920 Lepidoptera Endo K
(como Apanteles);
Mason 1981
Exix Mason, 1981 ne Mason 1981 Noctuidae Endo K
Fornicia Brullé, 1846 ne and Papp 1980; Mason Limacodidae Endo K
1981; Austin 1987
Glyptapanteles Ashmead, 1904 ne and Muesebeck 1920 Pyraloidea Endo K
(como Apanteles);
Mason 1981
Hypomicrogaster Ashmead, 1898 ne and Nixon 1965 Lepidoptera Endo K
Iconella Mason, 1981 ne and Muesebeck 1920 Lepidoptera Endo K
(como Apanteles);
Nixon 1965 (como
grupo sundanus y
merula de Apanteles);
Mason 1981
Illidops Mason, 1981 ne Mason 1981; Psychidae, Pyralidae, Endo K
Wharton 1983 Scythrididae
Larissimus Nixon, 1965 ne Penteado-Diaz 1997; Arctiidae Endo K
Mason 1981
Lathrapanteles Williams, 1985 ne Williams 1985 Noctuidae Endo K
Microplitis Foerster, 1862 ne and Muesebeck 1922; Noctuidae, Sphingidae Endo K
Nixon 1968; Papp
1984; Austin
& Dangerfield 1993
Papanteles Mason, 1981 ne Nixon 1965 (como D Endo K
el grupo virbius de
Hypomicogaster);
Mason 1981


Parapanteles Ashmead, 1900 ne Mason 1981 Noctuidae, Notodontidae Endo K

Pholetesor Mason, 1981 sa and Mason 1981 Lepidoptera Endo K
Prasmodon Nixon, 1965 sa Mason 1981 D Endo K
Promicrogaster Brues ne and Mason 1981 D Endo K
& Richardson, 1913
Protomicroplitis Ashmead, 1898 ne and Muesebeck 1922; Noctuidae Endo K
Mason 1981
Pseudapanteles Ashmead, 1898 ne Muesebeck 1920 Gelechiidae Endo K
(como Apanteles);
Nixon 1965 (como
grupo sesiae y
annulicornis);
Mason 1981
Rasivalva Mason, 1981 ne Mason 1981 Geometridae, Noctuidae, Endo K
Arctiidae
Rhygoplitis Mason, 1981 ne and Muesebeck 1920 Endo K
(como Panteles);
Nixon 1968 (como
Microgaster);
Mason 1981
Sathon Mason, 1981 ne Williams 1988 Lepidoptera Endo K
Sendaphne Nixon, 1965 ne amz Nixon 1965; Endo K
Mason 1981
Snellenius Westwood, 1882 ne Austin & Dangerfield Noctuidae, Sphingidae Endo K
1993
Venanides Mason, 1981 ne Nixon 1965 (como Pyraloidea, Tortricoidea Endo K
grupo congoensis de
Apanteles);
Mason 1981
Venanus Mason, 1981 sa and Mason 1981 Lepidoptera Endo K
Wilkinsonellus Mason, 1981 ne Nixon 1965 (como D Endo K
grupo daira y
henicopusde Panteles);
Mason 1981
Xanthapanteles Whitfield, 1995 ar Whitfield 1995 D Endo K
Xanthomicrogaster Cameron, 1911 ne Mason 1981 D Endo K
Xenogaster Mason, 1981 cam sa Nixon 1965 (como D Endo K
grupo Insolensde
Apanteles);
Mason 1981
MICROTYPINAE
Neomicrotypus van Achterberg, 1992 ch van Achterberg 1992b D
MIRACINAE
Mirax Haliday, 1833 ne and Whitfield & Mason D Endo K
1994
OPIINAE
Biosteres Foerster, 1862 me Wharton 1987, 1988a Anthomyiidae
Diachasmimorpha Viereck, 1913 me Pemberton & Willard Tephritidae
1918a, 1918b;
Ramadan et al.
1989a, 1989b
Doryctobracon Enderlein, 1920 ne and Fischer 1977; Tephritidae Endo K
Wharton 1988a;
Marsh 1979b
Eurytenes Marshall, 1862 me Fischer 1972; Agromyzidae
Wharton 1988a


Fopius Wharton, 1987 cr Wharton 1987; Tephritidae

van Achterberg
& Maeto 1990
Opius Wesmael, 1835 ne and car Fischer 1977; Agromyzidae, Endo K
Marsh 1979b; Anthomyiidae, Chloropidae,
Wharton 1988a Drosophilidae, Ephydridae,
Lonchaeidae,
Scathophagidae, Tephritidae
Psyttalia Walker, 1860 cr Fischer 1971, 1987; Tephritidae
Wharton 1988a
Utetes Foerster, 1862 ne and Wharton 1988a Tephritidae Endo K
ORGILINAE
Antestrix van Achterberg, 1987 ch van Achterberg 1987b D
Bentonia van Achterberg, 1992 cam sa amz and car van Achterberg 1992c Noctuidae Endo K
Orgilus Haliday, 1833 ne and pac van Achterberg 1987b D Endo K
Podorgilus van Achterberg, 1994 br bo van Achterberg 1994b D Endo K
Stantonia Ashmead, 1904 ne amz and van Achterberg 1987b Tortricidae, Pyralidae Endo K
ROGADINAE
Aleiodes Wesmael,1838 ne amz and car ori van Achterberg 1991; Noctuoidea, Geometroidea, Endo K
Shaw et al. 1997 Arctioidea, Sphingoidea
Bulborogas van Achterberg, 1995 ne van Achterberg 1995b D Endo K

Choreborogas Whitfield, 1990 cam sa and Whitfield 1990; Lyonetiidae Endo K
Achterberg 1995b
Clinocentrus Haliday, 1833 ne and Marsh 1979b Tortricidae Endo K
Cystomastax Szépligeti, 1904 ne car and amz Shenefelt 1975 D Endo K
Macrostomion Szépligeti, 1900 cam sa amz and van Achterberg 1991; D Endo K
Shaw et al. 1997
Polystenidea Viereck, 1911 ne van Achterberg 1995b Lyonetiidae Endo K
Rogas Nees, 1818 ne amz and ori van Achterberg 1991 Lymacodidae, Zygaenidae, Endo K
Riodinidae
Stiropius Cameron, 1911 ne and Whitfield 1988, 1990; Lyionetiidae, Gracilariidae Endo K
van Achterberg 1995b
Tetrasphhaeropyx Ashmead 1888 me Marsh 1979b D
Yelicones Cameron, 1887 ne and * Quicke et al.1996; Pyralidae Endo K
van Achterberg
et al. 1997
SIGALPHINAE
Psephalanus Szépligeti, 1902 sam van Achterberg Noctuidae Endo K
1992d; Sharkey
& Janzen 1995
Sigalphus Latreille, 1802 ne and amz car ori van Achterberg Noctuidae Endo K
1992d; Sharkey
& Janzen 1995
YPSISTOCERINAE
Embobracon van Achterberg, 1995 pa van Achterberg 1995b D D D
Termitobracon Brues, 1923 pa gf Brues 1923; van Termitidae D D
Achterberg 1995b
Ypsistocerus Cushman, 1923 bo Cushman 1923; van Termitidae D D
Achterberg 1995b

Agradecimientos / Acknowledgments
Deseo agradecer al Proyecto Diversidad de Insectos en áreas protegidas, desarrollado en conjunto por el Instituto Alexander
von Humboldt (IavH), Unidad Administrativa Especial del Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia (UAESPNN),
Universidad de Kentucky (UK), Museo de Historia Natural del condado de los Angeles (LACM) y patrocinado por la
National Science Foundation (NSF) DEB 9972024; también agradezco a la Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología (SOCOLEN)
por el apoyo a través de la beca Incentivos que promueve la investigación entomológica en universidades colombianas;
agradezco a todas las personas de las colecciones visitadas que permitieron la revisión del material; finalmente agradezco al
Dr. Michael Sharkey, Fernando Fernández y Eduardo Flórez por su apoyo incondicional, a los evaluadores del manuscrito y
a Diana Carvajal y Claudia Reina por su valiosa ayuda.
I wish to thank the Project Diversity of Insects in Protected Areas, managed through Alexander von Humboldt Institute,(IavH)
Special Administrative Unit of National Natural Parks System of Colombia (UAESPNN, Kentucky University (UK), Los
Angeles county Museum (LACM and sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) DEB 9972024; I also wish to
thank the Entomological Society of Colombia (SOCOLEN) for their support through the scholarship Incentivos that
promotes the entomological research in Colombian universities; I thank all the people from the visited collections for
allowing the revision of material; and finally I express my gratitude to Dr. Michael Sharkey, Fernando Fernández and
Eduardo Flórez for their unconditional support, to evaluators of manuscrit and to Diana Carvajal and Claudia Reina for
their valuable help.
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Mason (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Pan-Pacific Cheloninae) Linzer Biologische Beitrage 21:317-
Entomologist 61:60-67 338
Whitfield J.B. (1988) Revision of the Nearctic species of the Zettel H. (1989b) Beitrage zur kenntnis Neotropischer Arten
genus Stiropius Cameron (=Bucculatriplex Auct.) der Gatuung Phanerotoma Wesmael:3 Die
with the description of a new related genus Ph.trivittata-gruppe (Hymenoptera: Braconidae,
(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Systematic Cheloninae) Linzer Biologische Beitrage 21:527-
Entomology 13:373-385 542
Whitfield J.B. (1989) Two new species of Paradelius Zettel H. (1990a) Eine Revision der Gattungen der
(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from America, with Cheloninae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) mit
biological notes Pan-Pacific Entomologist 64:313- Beschreibungen neuer Gatuungen und Arten
319 Annales Naturhistoriches Museum Wien 91:147-
Whitfield J.B. (1990) Phylogenetic review of the Stiropius 196
group of genera (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Zettel H. (1990b) Beitrage zur Kenntnis Neotropischer Arten
Rogadinae) with description of a new Neotropical der Gattung Phanerotoma Wesmael: 4. Die Ph.
genus Proceedings of the Entomological Society Fuscovaria-gruppe (Hymenoptera: Braconidae,
of Washington 92:36-43 Cheloninae) Linzer Biologische Beitrage 22:3-19
Whitfield J.B. (1992) The polyphyletic origin of Zettel H. (1991) Beitrage zur Kenntnis Neotropischer Arten
endoparasitism in the cyclostome lineages of the der Gattung Phanerotoma Wesmael: 5 Die Ph. Mi-
Braconidae (Hymenoptera) Systematic Entomology nuta-grupe und 6. Die Ph. Popovi-gruppe
17:273-286 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Cheloninae) Linzer
Biologische Beitrage 23:375-385

Zettel H. (1992a) Revision der Phanerotoma-Arten Zettel H. (1992b) Beitrage zur Kenntnis Neotropischer Arten
Nordamerikas (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, der Gattung Phanerotoma Wesmael: 7. Die Ph.
Cheloninae) Linzer Biologische Beitrage 24:275- Atriceps-gruppe (Hymenoptera:Braconidae,
330 Cheloninae) Linzer Biologische Beitrage 24:663-
669
Anexo / Appendix
Listado Sinonímico / Synonymic List Alloea Haliday, 1833 =
Diaspasta Foerster, 1862
Acrisis Foerster, 1862 = Lamadatha Cameron, 1900
Episigalphus Ashmead, 1900
Euchasmus Marshall, 1988 Allorhogas Gahan, 1912 =
Austrodolops Blanchar, 1936
Acrophasmus Enderlein, 1912 = Catolestes Bretes, 1922
Concurtsiella Roman, 1924
Alysia Latreille, 1804 =
Adelius Haliday, 1833 = Cechenus Illiger, 1807
Anomopterus Rohwer, 1914 Goniarcha Foerster, 1862
Myriola Shestakov, 1932
Apanteles, Foerster, 1862 =
Ademon Haliday, 1833 = Allapanteles Bretes, 1915
Analostania Viereck, 1916 Cecidobracon Kieffer & Joergensen, 1910
Giardinaia De Stephani, 1902 Urogaster Ashmead, 1898
Agathirsia Westwood, 1882 = Aphaereta Foerster, 1862 =

Agathona Westwood, 1882 Atopandrium Graham, 1952
Paragathis Ashmead, 1889 Trichesia Provancher, 1881
Trinaria Provancher, 1886
Agathis Latrielle, 1804 Trisynaldis Fischer, 1958
Aenigmostomus Ashmead, 1900
Cenostomus Foerster, 1862 Aphidius Nees, 1818 =
Theracmion Holmgren, 1872
Alabagrus Enderlein, 1920 =
Astiria Enderlein, 1920 Ascogaster Wesmael, 1835 =
Craspedobothrus Enderlein, 1920 Cascogaster Baker, 1926
Lyptia Enderlein, 1920
Aridelus Marshall, 1887 =
Aleiodes Wesmael,1838 = Arideloides Papp, 1974
Aleirhogas Baker, 1917 Erythrometeorus Cameron, 1911
Chelonorhogas Enderlein, 1912 Helorimorpha Schmiedeknecht, 1907
Heterogamoides Fullaway, 1919 Scipolabia Enderlein, 1920
Heterogamus Wesmael, 1838 Strictometeorus Cameron, 1909
Hyperstemma Shestakov, 1940
Jiruna Malác, 1941 Asobara Foerster, 1862 =
Leluthinus Enderlein, 1912 Sathra Foerster, 1862
Nebartha Walker, 1860 Spanista Foerster, 1862
Neorhogas Szépligeti, 1906
Petalodes Wesmael, 1838 Aspilota Foerster, 1862 =
Dipiesta Foerster, 1862
Allobracon Gahan, 1915 = Eusynaldis Zaykov & Fischer, 1982
Leurinion Muesebeck, 1958
Atanycolus Foerster, 1862 =
Atanycolidea Viereck, 1912

Coelobracon Dall Torre, 1898 Euphoroidea Ashmead, 1900

Melanobracon Ashmead, 1911 Liosigalphus Ashmead, 1900
Austrozele Roman, 1910 = Chaenusa Haliday, 1839 =

Laevis Sharma, 1982 Chorebidea Nixon, 1943
Palinzele Brues, 1922 Chorebidea Viereck, 1914
Paniscozele Enderlein, 1920 Chorebidella Riegel, 1950
Bassus Fabricius, 1804 = Charmon, Haliday, 1833 =

Aerophilina Enderlein, 1920 Cyclocormus Cameron, 1911
Aerophilopsis Viereck, 1913 Provancheria Ashmead, 1898
Agathelina Enderlein, 1920
Agathiella Szépligeti, 1902 Chelonus Panzer, 1806 =
Diplozon Haliday, 1833 Archichelonus Viereck, 1913
Ditropia Enderlein, 1920 Davisania La Munyon, 1877
Eumicrodus Foerster, 1862 Megachelonus Baker, 1926
Hormagathis Brues, 1926 Trachionus Haliday, 1833
Ioxia Enderlein, 1920 Etriptes Nixon, 1943
Lyptopylus Viereck, 1905
Microdus Nees, 1914 Chorebus Haliday,1833 =
Neomicrodus Szépligeti, 1908 Ametria Foerster, 1862
Obesomicrodus Papp, 1971 Gyrocampa Foerster, 1820
Therophilus Wesmael, 1837 Paragyrocampa Tobias, 1962
Stiphocera Foerster, 1862
Binodoxys Mackauer, 1960 =
Crasticaudus Starý & Remaudiére 1982 Chremylus Haliday, 1833 =
Paramesocrina Nagamori, 1925
Biosteres, Foerster, 1862 = Penecerus Wesmael, 1838
Celiestiella Cameron, 1903
Chilotrichia Foerster, 1862 Chypodoryctes Marsh, 1997 =
Opiellus Ashmead, 1900 Cyrtonion Marsh, 1993
Rhabdospilus Foerster, 1862
Rhinoplus Foerster, 1862 Clinocentrus Haliday, 1833 =
Stenospilus Foerster, 1862 Camptocentrus Kriechbaumer, 1894
Trichopius Thomson, 1895 Microrhogas Cameron, 1910
Zetetes Foerster, 1862 Neorhyssalus Baker, 1917
Bracteodes de Saeger, 1946 = Coccygidium de Saussure,1892 =

Mimirus Fischer, 1972 Ahngeria Kokujev, 1902
Brachyropalum Kriechbaumer, 1894
Blacus Nees, 1818 = Caenophylax, Schulz, 1911
Gonicormus Foerster, 1862 Hemichroma Enderlein, 1920
Neoblacus Ashmead, 1900 Lisitheria Cameron, 1904
Neophylax Ashmead, 1889
Bracon Fabricius, 1804 = Spilomicrodus Cameron, 1911
Amicroplidea, Ashmead, 1900 Xanthomicrodus Cameron, 1904
Liobracon Ashmead, 1905 Zelomorpha Ashmead, 1900
Macrodytium Ashmead, 1900 Zelomorphidea Viereck, 1912
Microbracon Ashmead, 1890
Seliodus Bréthes, 1909 Coelinius Nees, 1818 =
Tropidobracon Ashmead, 1900 Copisura Schioedte, 1837
Chaenon Curtis, 1829
Cenocoelius Haliday, 1840 = Eriocoelinius Viereck, 1913
Laccophrys Foerster, 1862 Lepton Zetterstedt, 1838
Promachus Cresson, 1887 Polemochartus Schulz, 1911
Centistes Haliday, 1835 = Sarops Nixon, 1942
Coeloides Wesmael, 1838 = Dendrosoter Wesmael, 1838 =

Coeloidina Viereck, 1921 Caenophachys Foerster, 1862
Cerobracon Viereck, 1926 Eurybolus Ratzeburg, 1848
Habrobraconidea Viereck, 1912
Syntomomelus Kokujev, 1902 Diachasma Foerster, 1862 =
Alyosopius Tobias, 1976
Colastes Haliday, 1833 = Lytacra Foerster, 1862
Exothecus Wesmael, 1838
Diachasmimorpha Viereck, 1913 =
Cosmophorus Ratzeburg, 1848 Parasteres Fischer, 1967
Cosmophorinus Viereck, 1925
Digonogastra Viereck, 1912 =
Cotesia Cameron, 1891 = Monogonogastra Viereck, 1912
Cryptapanteles Viereck, 1910
Stenopleura Viereck, 1911 DinotremaFoerster, 1862 =
Coloboma Foerster, 1862
Crassomicrodus Ashmead,1900 = Eudinostigma Tobias, 1962
Epimicrodus Ashmead, 1900 Leptotrema van Achterberg, 1988
Panerema Foerster, 1862
Cratospila Foerster, 1862 = Prosapha Foerster, 1862
Hedylus Marshall, 1891 Pterusa Fischer, 1958
Scotioneurus Provancher, 1886
Cryptoxilos Viereck, 1911 = Spanomeris Foerster, 1862
Cryptoxiloides Capek & Capeki, 1979 Synaldis Foerster, 1862
Curtisella Spinola, 1853 = Diolcogaster Ashmead, 1900 =

Lissophrymnus Cameron, 1911 Zadiolocogaster Viereck, 1913
Neorhyssa Szépligeti, 1902
Polystenoides Muesebeck, 1950 Diospilus Haliday, 1833 =
Subcurtisella Roman, 1924 Allochromus Marshall, 1902
Cyanopterus Haliday, 1835 = Dolichozele Viereck, 1911 =

Atanycolimorpha Viereck, 1913 Plectobracon Bréthes, 1927
Coelidimorpha Viereck, 1913 Neozele Brues, 1926
Bracambus Thomson, 1892
Cyanopteridea Viereck, 1911 Dolopsidea Hincks, 1944 =
Ipobracon Thomson, 1892 Delops Marshall, 1889
Dacnusa Haliday,1833 = Donquickeia Marsh, 1997 =

Agonia Foerster, 1862 Quickia Marsh, 1993
Aphanta Foerster, 1862
Brahystropha Foerster, 1862 Doryctes Haliday, 1836 =
Liposcia Foerster, 1862 Ischiogonus Wesmael, 1838
Pachysema Foerster, 1862 Paradoryctes Granger, 1949
Radiolaria Provancher, 1886 Plyctes Fischer, 1981
Rhizarcha Foerster, 1862 Pristodoryctes Kieffer, 1921
Tanystropha Foerster, 1862 Udamolcus Enderlein, 1920
Dapsilarthra Foerster, 1862 = Doryctobracon Enderlein, 1920 =

Adelura Foerster, 1862 Diachasmoides Blanchard, 1938
Grammospila Foerster, 1862 Parachasma Fischer, 1967
Neocarpa Fischer, 1966
Parothostigma Koenigsmann, 1972 Ecphylus Foerster, 1862 =
Paraecphylus Ashmead, 1900
Sactopus Ashmead, 1900
Sycosoter Picard & Lichtenstein, 1917
Elasmosoma Ruthe, 1858 = Hormius Nees, 1818 =

Paramirax Ashmead, 1895 Anhormius Belokobyl’kij, 1989
Hormiellus Enderlein, 1912
Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 = Hormisca Telenga, 1941
Elassus Wesmael, 1835 Mediella Hedqvist, 1963
Lysiephedrus Starý, 1958
Hydrangeocola Brethes, 1927 =
Eubazus Nees, 1814 Kephalosema Fischer, 1968
Allodorus Foerster, 1862
Brachistes Wesmael, 1835 Hymenochaonia Dalla Torre, 1898 =
Calyptus Haliday 1835 Chaonia Cresson, 1865
Pachymerella Enderlein, 1920
Exotela Foerster, 1862 =
Antrusa Nixon, 1943 Ichneutes Nees, 1816 =
Mesora Foerster, 1862 Ichneustes Szépligeti, 1896
Toxela Nixon, 1943
Idiasta Foerster, 1862 =
Fornicia Brullé, 1846 = Euphaenocarpa Tobias, 1975
Monofornicia Fahringer, 1938 Rhacalysia Cameron, 1910
Odontofornicia Enderlein, 1912
Glyptocolastes Ashmead, 1900 = Leiophron Nees, 1818 =
Doryctinus Roman, 1910 Euphoriana Gahan, 1913
Glyptodoryctes Ashmead, 1900 Euphorus Nees, 1834
Gnamptodon Haliday, 1833 = Leluthia Cameron, 1887 =

Diraphus Wesmael, 1838 Doryctosoma Picard, 1938
Mesotages Foerster, 1862 Euhecabolus Tobias, 1962
Russellella Muesebeck & Walkely, 1951
Gymnobracon Szépligeti, 1902 = Russellia Muesebeck, 1950
Ipospathius Enderlein, 1920
Rutheia Szépligeti, 1908 Liobracon Szépligeti, 1901 =
Hyboderia Enderlein, 1920
Harkeria Cameron, 1900 = Parabinarea Brues, 1912
Paramonoctonus Starý, 1959 Triderodon Enderlein, 1920
Hecalobus Curtis, 1834 = Loxocephalus Foerster, 1862 =

Anisopelma Wesmael, 1838 Myiocephalus Marshall, 1897
Spilomma Morley, 1909
Helcon Nees, 1814 =
Coelostephanus Kieffer, 1911 Lysitermus Foerster, 1862 =
Edyia Cameron, 1905 Paracedria Hedqvist, 1956
Gymnoscelus Foerster, 1862 Prolysitermus Tobias, 1971
Rogadinaspis Boucek, 1956
Heterospilus Haliday, 1836 = Trissarthrum Ashmead, 1900
Anacatostigma Enderlein, 1920
Caenophanes Foerster, 1862 Macrocentrus Curtis, 1833 =
Harpogolaccus Enderlein, 1920 Amicroplus Curtis, 1833
Kareba Cameron, 1905 Fhogra Cameron, 1862
Lituania Jakimavicius, 1960 Metapleurodon Enderlein, 1920
Mythotynia Hedqvist, 1976 Pseudophylacter Fahringer, 1929
Homolobus Foerster, 1862 = Megaloproctus Shulz, 1906 =

Phylax Wesmael, 1835 Ectetamenochir Enderlein, 1912
Megistoproctus Schulz, 1911

Mesocrina Foerster, 1862 = Biophthora Foerster, 1862

Pseudomesocrina Koenigsmann, 1959 Desmatophorus Thomson, 1895
Desmiostoma Foerster, 1862
Mesocoelus Schulz, 1911 Eristernaulax Viereck, 1914
Coelothorax Ashmead, 1898 Hexaulax Cameron, 1910
Hypolabis Foerster, 1862
Meteoridea Ashmead, 1900 Lissosema Fischer, 1972
Benama Nixon, 1946 Marginopius Fahringer, 1934
Mesostoma Cameron, 1905
Meteorus Haliday, 1835 = Neodiospilus Szépligeti, 1911
Pachytecus Cameron, 1912 Neopius Gahan, 1917
Saprotichus Holmgren, 1868 Phlebosema Fischer, 1972
Sternaulopius Fischer, 1965
Microctonus Wesmael, 1835 = Therobolus Foerster, 1862
Gamosecus Provancher, 1880 Thiemanastrepha Fischer, 1977
Trigonospilus Ashmead, 1901
Microgaster Latreille, 1804 =
Liganira Walker, 1860 Orgilus Haliday, 1833 =
Lissogaster Bengtsson, 1926 Ischius Wesmael, 1835
Macropalpus Ratzeburg, 1844
Microplitis Foerster, 1862 = Oresimus Ashmead, 1900
Dapsilotoma Cameron, 1906 Orgilomorpha Ashmead, 1900
Glabomicroplitis Papp, 1979
Orthostigma Ratzeburg, 1844 =
Microtypus Ratzeburg, 1848 = Delocarpa Foerster, 1862
Similearinus Glowacki & Karnpski, 1967 Ischnocarpa Foerster, 1862
Mirax Haliday, 1833 Pambolus Haliday, 1836 =

Centistidea Rohwer, 1914 Araphis Ruthe, 1854
Dimeris Ruthe, 1854
Monitoriella Hedqvist, 1963 = Folchinia Kieffer, 1906
Apotheopius Fischer, 1964 Parapambolus Dahl, 1912
Paraptesis Magretti, 1884
Myosoma Brullé, 1846 =
Acanthobracon Kriechbaumer, 1900 Paroligoneurus Muesebeck, 1931 =
Amyosoma Viereck, 1913 Anaprixia Mason, 1991
Muesebeckia Mason, 1957
Neoneurus Haliday, 1838 = Ancylus Haliday, 1833
Ecclites Foerster, 1862
Pauesia Quilis Perez, 1931 =
Oligoneurus Szépligeti, 1902 = Chaetopauesia Mackauer, 1967
Ciliosa Mason, 1969 Paraphidius Starý, 1858
Pulchaukia Mason, 1957
Pedinotus Szépligeti, 1902 =
Oncophanes Foerster, 1862 = Goniogmus Enderlein, 1920
Epirhyssalus Ashmead, 1900
Pentapleura, Foerster, 1862 =
Ontsira Cameron, 1900 = Gnathospila Fischer, 1966
Doryctodes Hellén, 1927 Opisendea Foerster, 1862
Wachsmannia Szépligeti, 1900
Phaenocarpa Foerster, 1862 =
Opius Wesmael, 1835 = Asynaphes Provancher, 1886
Aclisis, Foerster, 1862 Holcalysia Cameron, 1905
Atoreuteus Foerster, 1862 Homophyla Foerster, 1862
Bathystomus Foerster, 1862

Kahlia Ashmead, 1900 Synelix, Foerster, 1862 =

esothesis Foerster, 1862 Ectilis Nixon, 1943
Phanerotoma Wesmael, 1838 = Tanycarpa Foerster, 1862 =

Ichneutipterus Vachal, 1907 Acrobela Foerster, 1862
Neocampsis Szépligeti, 1908 Epiclista Foerster, 1862
Neophanerotoma Szépligeti, 1908 Hypostropha Foerster, 1862
Phanerotomina Shestakov, 1930
Sulydus Dubuysson, 1897 Taphaeus Wesmael, 1835 =
Tritoma Szépligeti, 1908 Anostemus Foerster, 1862
Unica Snoflák, 1951
Triaspis Haliday, 1835 =
Praon Haliday, 1833 = Muriella Fullaway, 1919
Aphidaria Provancher, 1886
Trioxys Haliday, 1833 =
Proterops Wesmael, 1835 = Bioxys Starý & Schlinger, 1967
Ichneutidea Ashmead, 1900 Nevropenes Provancher, 1886
Proteropoides Viereck, 1909
Tanycarpa Foerster, 1862 =
Rhanconotus Ruthe, 1854 = Acrobela Foerster, 1862
Euryphrymnus Cameron, 1910 Epiclista Foerster, 1862
Hormiopterus Giraud, 1869 Hypostropha Foerster, 1862
hadinogaster Szépligeti, 1908
Taphaeus Wesmael, 1835 =
Rogas Nees, 1818 = Anostemus Foerster, 1862
Pelecystoma Wesmael, 1838
Triaspis Haliday, 1835 =
Semirhytus Szépligeti, 1902 = Muriella Fullaway, 1919
Liparophleps Enderlein, 1920
Plesademon Fischer, 1961 Trioxys Haliday, 1833 =
Bioxys Starý & Schlinger, 1967
Spathius Nees, 1818 = Nevropenes Provancher, 1886
Euspathius Foerster, 1862
Pseudospathius Szépligeti, 1902 Urosigalphus Ashmead, 1888 =
Stenophasmus Smith, 1859 Rhyssosigalphus Cameron, 1904
Stantonia Ashmead, 1904 = Vipio Latreille, 1804 =

Mimagathis Enderlein, 1905 Isomecus Kriechbaumer, 1895
Stiropius Cameron, 1911 =

Viridipyge Whitfield, 1988 Wesmaelella Spinola, 1853 =
Psilophthalmus Szépligeti, 1902
Streblocera Westwood, 1833 =
Cosmophoridea Hedqvist, 1955 Whitfieldiellus Marsh, 1997 =
Eutanycerus Foerster, 1862 Whitfieldia Marsh, 1993
Symphanes Foerster, 1862 = Wroughtonia Cameron, 1899 =

Bobekia Niezabitowski, 1910 Duportia Kieffer, 1921
Helconidea Viereck, 1914
Symphya Foerster, 1862
Aenone Haliday, 1833 Xenarcha, Foerster, 1862 =
Phanomeris Foerster, 1862
Syncrasis Foerster, 1862 =
Phaenolyta Foerster, 1862

Yelicones Cameron, 1887 =

Pectinopius Fischer, 1961
Rhopalotoma Cameron, 1911
Zele Curtis, 1832 =

Protelus Foerster, 1862
Zemiotes Foerster, 1862
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Parasitism of the “Fuller’s rose weevil” Naupactus cervinus by Microctonus sp. in

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Lista de los Géneros de Avispas Parasitoides

Instituto Humboldt, AA 8693, Bogotá D.C., Colombia. dfcampos@humboldt.org.co

Palabras Clave: Hymenoptera, Parasitoides, Ichneumonoidea, Braconidae, Neotrópico, Lista de Géneros

E l orden Hymenoptera surgió al inicio del Triásico,

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Checklist of Genera of Braconid parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea)

Key Words: Hymenoptera, Parasitoids, Ichneumonoidea, Braconidae, Neotropics, Genera List

T he order Hymenoptera emerged at the beginning

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Taxón No. Especies descritas No. Especies estimadas

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Taxón No. Especies descritas No. Especies estimadas

Lysiphlebus Foerster, 1862 7 -

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Taxón No. Especies descritas No. Especies estimadas

Heteropteron Brullé, 1846 1 -

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Taxón No. Especies descritas No. Especies estimadas

Heerz Marsh, 1993 2 -

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Taxón No. Especies descritas No. Especies estimadas

Chrysopophthours Goidanich, 1948 4 -

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Taxón No. Especies descritas No. Especies estimadas

Lysitermus Foerster, 1862 2 -

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Taxón No. Especies descritas No. Especies estimadas

Illidops Mason, 1981 - -

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Taxón No. Especies descritas No. Especies estimadas

Yelicones Cameron, 1887 5 -

Listado Taxonómico / Taxonomic List

Distribución Distribución Referencia

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Distribución Distribución Referencia

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Distribución Distribución Referencia

Pentapleura Foerster, 1862 cam sa and Wharton 1980, Sphaeroceridae Endo K

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Distribución Distribución Referencia

Calobracon Szépligeti, 1902 sa and ori Shenefelt 1978 D Ecto I

CARDIOCHILINAE Dangerfield et al. 1999

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Distribución Distribución Referencia

Dentigaster Zettel, 1990 cam sa Zettel 1990a D Endo K

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Distribución Distribución Referencia

Histeromeroides Marsh, 1993 ne Marsh 1993 D Ecto I

Biota Colombiana 2 (3), 2001

Distribución Distribución Referencia