Strategic Change: Implementing Strategies To Build and Develop A Company

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STRATEGIC CHANGE: IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIES TO BUILD AND

DEVELOP A COMPANY
Strategic Change
The movement of a company away from its present state toward some desired future state to
increase its competitive advantage and profitability.

The Change Process


• Distinct steps of the change process:

– Determining the need for change


– Determining the obstacles to change
– Managing and evaluating change

Stages in the Change Process

Another Illustration of the


Change Process
Portfolio of Core Competencies

 A core competence is a core skill of a company


 Identifying these central value-creating capabilities tells a company which business
opportunity to pursue

Establishing a Competency Agenda

Strategy Implementation
• Strategies implemented through:

– Internal new ventures

– Acquisitions

– Strategic alliances
“Successful organizations understand the importance of implementation, not just strategy, . . . and,
moreover, recognize the crucial role of their people in the process.”

- Jeffrey Pfeffer

Strategic Change: Implementing Strategies to Build and


Develop a Company

Internal New Ventures


• Involve creating the value-chain functions necessary to start a new business from
scratch

• Typically used to leverage or recombine valuable competencies to enter a new business


area

• Generally science-based companies tend to favor internal new ventures as a strategy


implementation

• Although these can be profitable, the reported failure rate is very high

• Three reasons for failure:

– Market entry occurs on too small a scale


– Poor commercialization of the new product

– Poor corporate management of the venture

• Ways to limit risk:

– Adopt a structured approach to managing the venture

– Foster close links between R&D and marketing

– Set up project teams

– Choose ventures with greatest probability of commercial success

– Monitor projects closely

Scale of Entry and Profitability

Acquisitions
• Involve one company purchasing another company

• Usually done by a company that:

– wants to move fast

– is in a well established industry and has barriers of entry

• Used in two ways:

– To strengthen competitive positioning by purchasing a competitor


– To enter a new business or industry

Advantages Disadvantages
thj
• Faster than building a new business • Often end up dissipating value

• Less risk than internal new ventures • Often fail to realize anticipated benefits

• Ability to circumvent most entry • Tend to be expensive


barriers
• Difficult to integrate various corporate
cultures

• Ways to limit risk:

– Target identification and pre-acquisition screening

– Bidding strategy (this works best when the stock market undervalues a company)

– Integration

Structuring Alliances to Reduce Opportunism


Strategic Alliances
• Cooperative agreements between companies to work together and share resources to
achieve a common goal

• Can be informal or short-term agreements

• Can be joint ventures- a formal type of strategic alliance where two companies create a
new separate company

Advantages Disadvantages

– Facilitate entry into a market – May provide competitors


with access to valuable
– Share the fixed costs and
knowledge
risks that arise

– Bring together
complementary skills and
assets

• Ways to limit risk:

– Careful partner selection

– Alliance structure

– Alliance management

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