Chap 1 Assignment

Chapter 1: Introduction to Communication Systems
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The theory of radio waves was originated by:

a. Marconi c. Maxwell
b. Bell d. Hertz
2. The person who sent the first radio signal across the Atlantic ocean was:
b. Bell d. Hertz
3. The transmission of radio waves was first done by:

b. Bell d. Hertz
4. A complete communication system must include:

a. a transmitter and receiver
b. a transmitter, a receiver, and a channel
c. a transmitter, a receiver, and a spectrum analyzer
d. a multiplexer, a demultiplexer, and a channel
5. Radians per second is equal to:

a. 2p ´ f c. the phase angle
b. f ¸ 2p d. none of the above
6. The bandwidth required for a modulated carrier depends on:

a. the carrier frequency c. the signal-plus-noise to noise ratio
b. the signal-to-noise ratio d. the baseband frequency range
7. When two or more signals share a common channel, it is called:

a. sub-channeling c. SINAD
b. signal switching d. multiplexing
8. TDM stands for:

a. Time-Division Multiplexing c. Time Domain Measurement
b. Two-level Digital Modulation d. none of the above
9. FDM stands for:
a. Fast Digital Modulation c. Frequency-Division Multiplexing d.
b. Frequency Domain Measurement none of the above
10. The wavelength of a radio signal is:

a. equal to f ¸ c
b. equal to c ¸ l
c. the distance a wave travels in one period
d. how far the signal can travel without distortion
11. Distortion is caused by:

a. creation of harmonics of baseband frequencies
b. baseband frequencies "mixing" with each other
c. shift in phase relationships between baseband frequencies
d. all of the above
12. The collection of sinusoidal frequencies present in a modulated carrier is called its:
a. frequency-domain representation c. spectrum
b. Fourier series d. all of the above
13. The baseband bandwidth for a voice-grade (telephone) signal is:

a. approximately 3 kHz c. at least 5 kHz
b. 20 Hz to 15,000 Hz d. none of the above
14. Noise in a communication system originates in:

a. the sender c. the channel
b. the receiver d. all of the above
15. "Man-made" noise can come from:

a. equipment that sparks c. static
b. temperature d. all of the above
16. Thermal noise is generated in:

a. transistors and diodes c. copper wire
b. resistors d. all of the above
17. Shot noise is generated in:
a. transistors and diodes c. copper wire
b. resistors d. none of the above
18. The power density of "flicker" noise is:

a. the same at all frequencies c. greater at low frequencies
b. greater at high frequencies d. the same as "white" noise
19. So called "1/f" noise is also called:

a. random noise c. white noise
b. pink noise d. partition noise
20. "Pink" noise has:

a. equal power per Hertz c. constant power
b. equal power per octave d. none of the above
21. When two noise voltages, V1 and V2, are combined, the total voltage VT is:
a. VT = sqrt(V1 ´ V1 + V2 ´ V2) c. VT = sqrt(V1 ´ V2)
b. VT = (V1 + V2)/2 d. VT = V1 + V2
22. Signal-to-Noise ratio is calculated as:

a. signal voltage divided by noise voltage
b. signal power divided by noise power
c. first add the signal power to the noise power, then divide by noise power
d. none of the above
23. SINAD is calculated as:

a. signal voltage divided by noise voltage
b. signal power divided by noise power
c. first add the signal power to the noise power, then divide by noise power
d. none of the above
24. Noise Figure is a measure of:

a. how much noise is in a communications system
b. how much noise is in the channel
c. how much noise an amplifier adds to a signal
d. signal-to-noise ratio in dB
25. The part, or parts, of a sinusoidal carrier that can be modulated are:
a. its amplitude c. its amplitude, frequency, and direction b. its amplitude and frequency d. its
amplitude, frequency, and phase angle
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. The telephone was invented in the year ____________________.
2. Radio signals first were sent across the Atlantic in the year ____________________.
3. The frequency band used to modulate the carrier is called the ____________________ band.
4. The job of the carrier is to get the information through the ____________________.
5. The bandwidth of an unmodulated carrier is ____________________.

6. The 'B' in Hartley's Law stands for ____________________.
7. The more information per second you send, the ____________________ the bandwidth required.
8. In ____________________, you split the bandwidth of a channel into sub-channels to carry multiple signals.
9. In ____________________, multiple signal streams take turns using the channel.
10. VHF stands for the ____________________ frequency band.

11. The VHF band starts at ____________________ MHz.
12. The UHF band starts at ____________________ MHz.
13. A radio signal's ____________________ is the distance it travels in one cycle of the carrier.
14. In free space, radio signals travel at approximately ____________________ meters per second.
15. The equipment used to show signals in the frequency domain is the _________________________.
16. Mathematically, a spectrum is represented by a ____________________ series.
17. Disabling a receiver during a burst of atmospheric noise is called ____________________.
18. For satellite communications, ____________________ noise can be a serious problem.
19. Thermal noise is caused by the random motions of ____________________ in a conductor.
ENUMERATION
1. Name the five elements in a block diagram of a communications system.
2. Name five types of internal noise.

3. Why is thermal noise called "white noise"?
4. What is "pink noise"?
5. Suppose there is 30 mV from one noise source that is combined with 40 mV from another noise source.
Calculate the total noise voltage.
6. If you have 100 mV of signal and 10 mV of noise, both across the same 100-ohm load, what is the signal-to-noise
ratio in dB?
7. The input to an amplifier has a signal-to-noise ratio of 100 dB and an output signal-to-noise ratio of 80 dB. Find
NF, both in dB and as a ratio.
8. A microwave receiver has a noise temperature of 145 K. Find its noise figure.
9. Two cascaded amplifiers each have a noise figure of 5 and a gain of 10. Find the total NF for the pair.
10. Explain why you could use a diode as a noise source with a spectrum close to that of pure thermal noise. How
would you control the amount of noise generated?

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Chapter 1: Introduction to Communication Systems

1. The theory of radio waves was originated by:

3. The transmission of radio waves was first done by:

4. A complete communication system must include:

5. Radians per second is equal to:

6. The bandwidth required for a modulated carrier depends on:

7. When two or more signals share a common channel, it is called:

8. TDM stands for:

10. The wavelength of a radio signal is:

11. Distortion is caused by:

13. The baseband bandwidth for a voice-grade (telephone) signal is:

14. Noise in a communication system originates in:

15. "Man-made" noise can come from:

16. Thermal noise is generated in:

18. The power density of "flicker" noise is:

19. So called "1/f" noise is also called:

20. "Pink" noise has:

22. Signal-to-Noise ratio is calculated as:

23. SINAD is calculated as:

24. Noise Figure is a measure of:

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. The telephone was invented in the year ____________________.

5. The bandwidth of an unmodulated carrier is ____________________.

9. In ____________________, multiple signal streams take turns using the channel.

10. VHF stands for the ____________________ frequency band.

12. The UHF band starts at ____________________ MHz.

16. Mathematically, a spectrum is represented by a ____________________ series.

17. Disabling a receiver during a burst of atmospheric noise is called ____________________.

18. For satellite communications, ____________________ noise can be a serious problem.

19. Thermal noise is caused by the random motions of ____________________ in a conductor.

1. Name the five elements in a block diagram of a communications system.

2. Name five types of internal noise.

4. What is "pink noise"?

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