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Gestão Estratégica Da Manutenção

Reliability centered maintenance (RCM) is a systematic approach to determine optimal preventive maintenance tasks. It involves analyzing failure modes and causes to identify effective maintenance tasks. The key steps are: 1) defining the system and functions, 2) analyzing potential functional failures and their effects, 3) evaluating failure criticality, 4) selecting maintenance actions, 5) determining maintenance intervals. The overall goals are to identify effective maintenance tasks and establish optimal intervals through a cost-benefit analysis.

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Vinicius Almeida
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42 views2 pages

Gestão Estratégica Da Manutenção

Reliability centered maintenance (RCM) is a systematic approach to determine optimal preventive maintenance tasks. It involves analyzing failure modes and causes to identify effective maintenance tasks. The key steps are: 1) defining the system and functions, 2) analyzing potential functional failures and their effects, 3) evaluating failure criticality, 4) selecting maintenance actions, 5) determining maintenance intervals. The overall goals are to identify effective maintenance tasks and establish optimal intervals through a cost-benefit analysis.

Uploaded by

Vinicius Almeida
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4

Reliability Centred Maintenance

Marvin Rausand and Jørn Vatn

4.1 Introduction
Reliability centred maintenance (RCM) is a method for maintenance planning that
was developed within the aircraft industry and later adapted to several other
industries and military branches. A high number of standards and guidelines have
been issued where the RCM methodology is tailored to different application areas,
e.g., IEC 60300-3-11, MIL-STD-217, NAVAIR 00-25-403 (NAVAIR 2005), SAE
JA 1012 (SAE 2002), USACERL TR 99/41 (USACERL 1999), ABS (2003, 2004),
NASA (2000) and DEF-STD 02-45 (DEF 2000). On a generic level, IEC 60300-3-11
(IEC 1999) defines RCM as a “systematic approach for identifying effective and
efficient preventive maintenance tasks for items in accordance with a specific set of
procedures and for establishing intervals between maintenance tasks.” A major ad-
vantage of the RCM analysis process is a structured, and traceable approach to deter-
mine the optimal type of preventive maintenance (PM). This is achieved through a
detailed analysis of failure modes and failure causes. Although the main objective of
RCM is to determine the preventive maintenance, the results from the analysis may
also be used in relation to corrective maintenance strategies, spare part optimization,
and logistic consideration. In addition, RCM also has an important role in overall
system safety management.
An RCM analysis process, when properly conducted, should answer the
following seven questions:

1. What are the system functions and the associated performance standards?
2. How can the system fail to fulfil these functions?
3. What can cause a functional failure?
4. What happens when a failure occurs?
5. What might the consequence be when the failure occurs?
6. What can be done to detect and prevent the failure?
7. What should be done when a suitable preventive task cannot be found?
80 M. Rausand and J. Vatn

The main objectives of an RCM analysis process are to:


• Identify effective maintenance tasks
• Evaluate these tasks by some cost–benefit analysis
• Prepare a plan for carrying out the identified maintenance tasks at optimal
intervals
The RCM analysis process is carried out as a sequence of activities. Some of
these activities, or steps, overlap in time. The structuring of the RCM process is
slightly different in the various standards, guidelines, and textbooks. In this chapter
we split the RCM analysis process into the following 12 steps:

1. Study preparation
2. System selection and definition
3. Functional failure analysis (FFA)
4. Critical item selection
5. Data collection and analysis
6. Failure modes, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA)
7. Selection of maintenance actions
8. Determination of maintenance intervals
9. Preventive maintenance comparison analysis
10. Treatment of non-critical items
11. Implementation
12. In-service data collection and updating

The rest of the chapter is structured as follows: In Section 4.2 we describe and
discuss the 12 steps of the RCM process. The concepts of generic and local RCM
analysis are introduced in Section 4.3. These concepts have been used in a novel
RCM approach to improve and speed up the analyses in a railway application.
Models and methods for optimization of maintenance intervals are discussed in
Section 4.4. Some main features of a new computer tool, OptiRCM, are briefly
introduced. Concluding remarks are given in Section 4.5. The RCM analysis
approach that is described in this chapter is mainly in accordance with accepted
standards, but also contains some novel issues, especially related to steps 6 and 8
and the approach chosen in OptiRCM. The RCM approach is illustrated with
examples from railway applications. Simple examples from the offshore oil and
gas industry are also mentioned.

4.2 Main Steps of the RCM Analysis Process


4.2.1 Step 1: Study Preparation

Before the actual RCM analysis process is initiated, an RCM project group must be
established. The group should include at least one person from the maintenance
function and one from the operations function, in addition to an RCM specialist.
In Step 1 the RCM project group should define and clarify the objectives and
the scope of the analysis. Requirements, policies, and acceptance criteria with

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