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    This experiment aims to standardize a hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution using a sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) primary standard. A 0.05 M Na2CO3 solution is prepared by dissolving a weighed amount of Na2CO3 in water. A dilute HCl solution is also prepared by diluting concentrated HCl. This HCl solution is then titrated against 25 mL aliquots of the Na2CO3 solution using methyl orange as an indicator. The volume of HCl used in each titration is recorded. From these results, the molarity of the HCl solution is calculated. Finally, the molarity of the concentrated HCl is determined.

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    This experiment aims to standardize a hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution using a sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) primary standard. A 0.05 M Na2CO3 solution is prepared by dissolving a weighed amount of Na2CO3 in water. A dilute HCl solution is also prepared by diluting concentrated HCl. This HCl solution is then titrated against 25 mL aliquots of the Na2CO3 solution using methyl orange as an indicator. The volume of HCl used in each titration is recorded. From these results, the molarity of the HCl solution is calculated. Finally, the molarity of the concentrated HCl is determined.

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    This experiment aims to standardize a hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution using a sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) primary standard. A 0.05 M Na2CO3 solution is prepared by dissolving a weighed amount of Na2CO3 in water. A dilute HCl solution is also prepared by diluting concentrated HCl. This HCl solution is then titrated against 25 mL aliquots of the Na2CO3 solution using methyl orange as an indicator. The volume of HCl used in each titration is recorded. From these results, the molarity of the HCl solution is calculated. Finally, the molarity of the concentrated HCl is determined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    165 views3 pages

    Exp 1 PDF

    Uploaded by

    wani
    This experiment aims to standardize a hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution using a sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) primary standard. A 0.05 M Na2CO3 solution is prepared by dissolving a weighed amount of Na2CO3 in water. A dilute HCl solution is also prepared by diluting concentrated HCl. This HCl solution is then titrated against 25 mL aliquots of the Na2CO3 solution using methyl orange as an indicator. The volume of HCl used in each titration is recorded. From these results, the molarity of the HCl solution is calculated. Finally, the molarity of the concentrated HCl is determined.

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    of 3

    EXPERIMENT 1

    STANDARDIZATION OF HCl SOLUTION WITH Na2CO3 PRIMARY STANDARD

    Objective:

    To determine the exact molarity of a hydrochloric acid solution.

    Introduction :

    Pure sodium carbonate is a non hygroscopic primary standard reagent. A standard


    solution prepared by dissolving a known amount of the solid Na2CO3 in a fixed volume can
    be used to standardize other acid solutions. The aim of the experiment is to prepare a
    standard solution of exact concentration which can later be used to standardize other
    solutions.

    HCl is not a primary standard. Thus, after a dilute HCl solution is prepared, it has to be
    standardized with a primary standard solution in order to determine its concentration
    accurately. In this experiment a standard Na2CO3 solution and a dilute HCl solution will be
    prepared. The HCl solution will later be standardized against the Na2CO3 solution. The
    reaction between HCl and Na2CO3 is as follows.

    2 HCl + Na2CO3  2 NaCl + H2O + CO2

    Apparatus

    100 mL beaker
    250 mL volumetric flask
    250 mL conical flask
    25 mL pipette
    Burette
    Retort stand

    Chemicals

    Na2CO3
    Concentrated HCl
    Methyl orange indicator
    Procedure

    (a) Preparation of 0.05 M Na2CO3 solution

    1. Weigh accurately about 1.33 g of Na2CO3. Record the exact mass of the Na2CO3.
    2. Dissolve the Na2CO3 in about 50 mL water in a 100 mL beaker.
    3. Transfer the solution into a 250 mL volumetric flask. Rinse the beaker with distilled
    water.
    4. Add distilled water to the mark. Stopper the flask. Shake it by turning it upside down a
    few times to make the solution homogeneous.

    (b) Preparation of a dilute HCl solution

    1. Transfer about 2.2 mL of concentrated HCl into a 250 mL beaker containing a little
    water.
    2. Dilute the acid to approximately 250 mL with distilled water.

    (c) Standardization of the dilute HCl solution

    1. Fill a burette with the dilute HCl solution prepared in (b) above. Record the initial
    burette reading.
    2. Pipette 25.0 mL of the standard Na2CO3 into a 250 mL conical flask. Add 2-3 drops of
    methyl orange indicator.
    3. Titrate the Na2CO3 in the conical flask with the HCl from the burette slowly while
    shaking the flask until the indicator colour change from yellow to red. Record the
    burette reading at the end point of the titration.
    4. Repeat the titration 3 times. Record all your data in a table as shown in the datasheet.

    5. Calculate the exact molarity of the HCl solution.


    RESULTS

    Your results should contain the following:

    1. Weight of Na2CO3 used = …………… g

    2. Standardization of HCl with Na2CO3 solution

    Rough 1 2 3

    Initial burette
    reading (mL)

    Final burette
    reading (mL)

    Volume of HCl used


    (mL)

    3. Calculate the molarity of the HCl solution.

    QUESTION

    Calculate the molarity of the concentrated HCl.

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