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    English Assignment: Disusun Oleh: Ajeng Clara Oktania Kartika P1337420216032

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    Ajeng Clara
    Neonatal jaundice is a common problem in newborns that can lead to brain damage if bilirubin levels rise too high. Phototherapy is the primary treatment to prevent bilirubin levels from reaching dangerous levels by using light to break down bilirubin in the skin. A new type of phototherapy uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) which may have advantages over conventional fluorescent lamps like lower heat, longer lifespan, and higher energy efficiency. However, more research is still needed to directly compare the effectiveness of LED phototherapy to conventional lamps. Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement, which measures bilirubin levels through the skin, has

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    English Assignment: Disusun Oleh: Ajeng Clara Oktania Kartika P1337420216032

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    Neonatal jaundice is a common problem in newborns that can lead to brain damage if bilirubin levels rise too high. Phototherapy is the primary treatment to prevent bilirubin levels from reaching dangerous levels by using light to break down bilirubin in the skin. A new type of phototherapy uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) which may have advantages over conventional fluorescent lamps like lower heat, longer lifespan, and higher energy efficiency. However, more research is still needed to directly compare the effectiveness of LED phototherapy to conventional lamps. Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement, which measures bilirubin levels through the skin, has

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    Neonatal jaundice is a common problem in newborns that can lead to brain damage if bilirubin levels rise too high. Phototherapy is the primary treatment to prevent bilirubin levels from reaching dangerous levels by using light to break down bilirubin in the skin. A new type of phototherapy uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) which may have advantages over conventional fluorescent lamps like lower heat, longer lifespan, and higher energy efficiency. However, more research is still needed to directly compare the effectiveness of LED phototherapy to conventional lamps. Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement, which measures bilirubin levels through the skin, has

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    19 views4 pages

    English Assignment: Disusun Oleh: Ajeng Clara Oktania Kartika P1337420216032

    Uploaded by

    Ajeng Clara
    Neonatal jaundice is a common problem in newborns that can lead to brain damage if bilirubin levels rise too high. Phototherapy is the primary treatment to prevent bilirubin levels from reaching dangerous levels by using light to break down bilirubin in the skin. A new type of phototherapy uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) which may have advantages over conventional fluorescent lamps like lower heat, longer lifespan, and higher energy efficiency. However, more research is still needed to directly compare the effectiveness of LED phototherapy to conventional lamps. Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement, which measures bilirubin levels through the skin, has

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    ENGLISH ASSIGNMENT

    Disusun Oleh :
    Ajeng Clara Oktania Kartika
    P1337420216032

    POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN


    SEMARANG
    PRODI D III KEPERAWATAN PURWOKERTO
    2018
    Neonatal Jaundice

    Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem with incidence of around 60% in term


    babies and nearly 80-100% in preterm babies. The bilirubin level above 95th percentile may lead
    to acute bilirubin encephalopathy and or kernicterus which also has long term morbidity in form
    of cerebral palsy. This complication is preventable through early recognition, appropriate follow
    up and treatment such as phototherapy and exchange transfusion. TcB measurement using
    Dragor JM 103 bilirubinometer correlated well with serum bilirubin measurement.
    Transcutaneous bilirubinometry provided reasonably accurate estimation of TSB values. It is a
    useful method as a screening tool for evaluation of jaundice in newborns.
    Treatment of hyperbilirubinemia is focused on prevention of neurotoxicity. Phototherapy
    is still a major treatment for preserving serum total bilirubin levels below pathogenic level. Yet
    in case of failure, exchange transfusion is the last option.
    Considering abundant complications of exchange transfusion in newborns such as
    hypoglycemia, hypocalcaemia and sepsis risk, thrombocytopenia, and even death, phototherapy
    is the first choice in hyperbilirubinemia treatment in newborns. Phototherapy is the commonest
    interventional procedure for severe hyperbilirubinemia prevention and treatment. This procedure
    has been greatly effective in reducing hyperbilirubinemia complications and transfusion in
    millions of newborns all over the world. Bilirubin absorbs blue light with a wavelength of 420-
    470 manometers better. Bilirubin in skin absorbs light energy and causes a large number of
    photochemical reactions.
    The light source used in conventional phototherapy is made up of four lamps placed 40
    centimeters away from the body. The effect depends on factors such as bilirubin levels, type of
    phototherapy used, exposure area, use of aluminum foil and white cloth for better reflection, and
    use of fiber optic blankets (7,8). In a study conducted by Maisels et al in 2007, a randomized
    controlled trial, the study mentions a number of advantages for the light-editing diodes (LED)
    technique including: lower energy consumption, longer endurance time of the lamps, infrared-
    free and ultraviolet- free radiation, and higher cost efficiency. To the best of our knowledge on
    LED phototherapy, more randomized controlled trials on the issue seem necessary.
    LED phototherapy had effectively reduced TSB levels. The highest reduction occurred in
    the last measurement (between 12 and 24 hours) and the lowest occurred in the measurement
    between 6 and 12 hours. The conventional phototherapy also reduced TSB levels in all three
    measurements.
    LED phototherapy produces less heat, is free from infrared and ultraviolet rays, consumes
    less wattage, is less bulky, has longer lamp life, and is easier to use. The benefits make the
    technique qualified as a recommended phototherapy method. However, the high cost of the
    devices is a big disadvantage that should also be considered.
    REFERENCES

    Hamidi M & Allakbari F. (2018). Comparison of phototheraphy with light-editing diodes (LED) and
    conventional phototheraphy (fluorescent lamps) in reducing jaundice in term and preterm newborns.
    Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences : Departement of Nursing (online) (http:// www.mejfm.com
    phototherapy retrivered on 28 august 2018)

    Rathod, dkk. (2017). Comparison of transcutaneous bilirubin with serum bilirubin measurements in
    neonates at tertiary care center in westernpart of India. Surat uniciple Institute of Medical Education and
    Research, Surat, Gujarat, India : Department of Pediatrics (online) (http://www.ijpediatrics.com retrivered
    on 28 august 2018)

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