Preview-Laptop Chip Level Repair Guide PDF

Laptop Chip Level Repair Guide 2
Contents:
Chapter 1: The Introduction of Laptop Repair
1.1 The Level of Laptop Computer Maintenance/Repair ……………………..12
1.2 The Basic Knowledge You Must Know Before Starting to Repair Laptop.14
Chapter 2: Original & OEM Laptop Mainboard Part Numbers

2.1 Quanta …………………………………………………………………….17
2.2 Compal ……………………………………………………………………18
2.3 Wistron ……………………………………………………………………19
2.4 Inventec …………………………………………………………………...19
2.5 Pegatron …………………………………………………………………...20
2.6 Samsung …………………………………………………………………...21
2.7 Apple ………………………………………………………………………22
2.8 Other Manufacturers ……………………………………………………....22
Chapter 3: The Architecture of The Laptop Mainboard

3.1 The Architecture of Intel Double Bridges (GM/PM45 and below) .... .......25
3.2 The Architecture of Intel Single Bridge (above HM55)..............................26
3.3 The Architecture of AMD Double Bridges (RS780)...................................29
3.4 The Architecture of AMD Single Bridge (A70).......................................... 29
3.5 The Architecture of nVIDIA Double Bridges (C51M)................................30
3.6 The Architecture of nVIDIA Single Bridge (MCP67)................................ 30
Chapter 4: The Explanation of Nouns and Common Concepts of

Laptop Maintenance
4.1 Power Supply and Signal............................................................................. 35
4.2 High Level and Low Level...........................................................................37
4.3 Jump and Pulse.......................................................................................... ..37
4.4 The Clock Signal..........................................................................................38
http://www.XiuFix.com/laptop-chip-level-repair/
4.5 Reset Signal................................................................................................. 39

4.6 Power Good Signal.................................................................................... ..39
4.7 Open Signal (Start-up Signal) ……..............................................................40
4.8 Chip Select Signal.........................................................................................41
4.9 The Explanation of The Signal Name/Symbol for Laptop Mainboard
Manufactures………..………………………………………………………... 41
• 4.9.1 Wistron........................................................................................... 41
• 4.9.2 Quanta..............................................................................................43
• 4.9.3 Asus.................................................................................................45
• 4.9.4 Compal............................................................................................48
• 4.9.5 DELL...............................................................................................49
• 4.9.6 Apple...............................................................................................51
• 4.9.7 Inventec...........................................................................................52
• 4.9.8 ThinkPad (IBM)..............................................................................53
Chapter 5: The Basic Application Circuit of Electronic

Components
5.1 The Basic Application Circuit of Capacitor.................................................57
5.2 The Basic Application Circuit of The Resistance .......................................59
5.3 The Basic Application Circuit of The Diode................................................62
5.4 The Basic Application Circuit of Transistor.................................................66
5.5 The Basic Application Circuit of The Field-Effect Tube (MOSFET)......... 68
5.6 The Basic Application Circuit of The Gate Circuit......................................69
5.7 The Basic Application Circuit of The Comparator.......................................71
5.8 The Basic Application Circuit of The Converter..........................................72
5.9 The Basic Application Circuit of The Voltage Regulator............................73
Chapter 6: The Use of the Circuit Diagram and the Point Bitmap
(BoardView)
6.1 The Use of The Circuit Diagram..................................................................75
6.2 The Use of The Common Point Bitmap (BoardView Software) .................80
Chapter 7: Introduction of EC and BIOS…89

7.1 The Working Conditions and Functions of EC............................................91
7.2 The Functions and Working Conditions of BIOS........................................94
Chapter 8: The Basic Working Process of Laptop Computer

8.1 The general process of Laptop computer................................................... 101
8.1.1 Hard Starting Process and Intel Chipset Standard Timing......................102
8.1.2 The Soft Start Process..............................................................................107
8.2 About ACPI Specification..........................................................................111
8.2.1 ACPI Summarize.....................................................................................111
8.2.2 G (Global) State of ACPI.........................................................................112
8.2.3 D (Device) State of ACPI........................................................................112
8.2.4 S (Sleeping) State of ACPI......................................................................113
8.2.5 C State of ACPI.......................................................................................114
8.2.6 The Power and The Control Signal of ACPI...........................................115
8.3 Clock, PWRGD and The Reset Circuit......................................................116
8.3.1 The Clock Circuit.....................................................................................116
8.3.2 PWRGD and The Reset Circuit...............................................................122
Chapter 9: The Explanation of PWM Circuit

9.1 The Introduction of PWM Circuit..............................................................126
9.1.1 Introduction to PWM Working Principle ……………….......................126
9.1.2 The Meaning of Common English Abbreviation in PWM Circuit. ........130
9.1.3 The Boot-Strap Circuit ............................................................................130
9.1.4 Output Voltage Regulation Circuit .........................................................132
9.1.5 The Voltage Detection Circuit.................................................................132
9.1.6 The Current Detection Circuit.................................................................134
9.1.7 The Working Mode..................................................................................135
9.2 Analysis of The Standby Power Chip.........................................................137
9.2.1 Analysis of MAX8734A..........................................................................137
9.2.2 Analysis of TPS51125.............................................................................148
9.2.3 Analysis of RT8206A/RT8206B.............................................................155
9.3 Analysis of The Memory Power Supply Chip............................................162
9.3.1 Analysis of ISL88550A...........................................................................162
9.3.2 Analysis of RT8207.................................................................................168
9.4 Analysis of the Bridge/BUS Power Supply Chip.......................................172
9.4.1 Analysis of The Single PWM Controller RT8209...................................172
9.4.2 Analysis of The Dual PWM Controller TPS51124.................................175
9.5 Analysis of CPU Core Power Supply.........................................................178
9.51 The Features of CPU VCORE Power Supply..........................................178
9.5.2 Analysis of MAX8770.............................................................................180
9.5.3 Analysis of ISL6260................................................................................192
9.5.4 Analysis of Commonly Used Chip ISL95831 by HM65 Mainboard .....200
9.5.5 Analysis of Commonly Used Chip ISL6265 by AMD Platform ............215
Chapter 10: Analysis of Quanta OEM Laptop Mainboard Circuit

10.1 Analysis of Quanta CT6 RTC Circuit.......................................................225
10.2 Analysis of Quanta CT6 Protective Isolation Circuit...............................227
10.3 Analysis of Quanta CT6 Power-On Sequence Circuit.............................232
10.4 Analysis of Quanta ZQ5 (Acer as4733z) Protective Isolation Circuit….250
10.5 Analysis of Quanta AX1 Protective Isolation Circuit..............................255
Chapter 11: Analysis of Wistron OEM Laptop Mainboard

Circuit
11.1 Analysis of Wistron HBU16-1.2 Protective Isolation Circuit..................261
11.2 Analysis of Wistron HBU16-1.2 Standby Circuit....................................267
Chapter 12: Analysis of Compal OEM Laptop Mainboard Circuit

12.1 Analysis of Compal LA-5891P Protective Isolation and The Standby
Circuit...............................................................................................................274
12.2 Analysis of Compal LA-6631P Protective Isolation Circuit....................290
12.3 Analysis of Compal LA-6751P Protective Isolation Circuit....................295
Chapter 13: Analysis of Inventec OEM Laptop Mainboard

Circuit
13.1 Analysis of Inventec DosXX Dunkel 1.0 Protective Isolation Circuit.....300
13.2 Analysis of Inventec DosXX Dunkel 1.0 Standby Circuit.......................305
13.3 Analysis of Inventec Feature Circuit........................................................309
13.3.1 Analysis of OCP Circuit .......................................................................309
13.3.2 Analysis of Big OR GATE Circuit........................................................316
Chapter 14: Analysis of INTEL PCH Power on Sequence (i3/i5/i7)

14.1 About Intel ME and Intel AMT................................................................319
14.2 Analysis of Intel HM55 Series Chipset Timing Sequence.......................325
14.3 Analysis of The Chipset Timing Sequence Above Intel HM65
Series ……………………….…………………………………………….......328
Chapter 15: Analysis of ASUS K42JR (HM5x) Timing Sequence

15.1 The Standby State ....................................................................................333
15.2 Trigger......................................................................................................346
15.3 The Boot State..........................................................................................347
15.4 Clock, PG and Reset ................................................................................359
Chapter 16: Analysis of Apple A1286 (HM5x) Timing Sequence

16.1 G3 State....................................................................................................362
16.2 RTC Circuit.............................................................................................. 370
16.3 S5 State.....................................................................................................371
16.4 Trigger......................................................................................................378
16.5 S3 and S0 State........................................................................................ 379
16.6 The Clock, PG and The Reset.................................................................. 393
Chapter 17: Analysis of DELL N4110 (HM6x) Timing Sequence

17.1 G3 State.................................................................................................... 398
17.2 Trigger..................................................................................................... 408
17.3 The Standby and The Memory Power Supply of The Bridge..................408
17.4 S0 state......................................................................................................411
17.5 PG and The Clock.....................................................................................416
17.6 CPU Core Power Supply..........................................................................419
17.7 Reset..........................................................................................................424
17.8 The Graphic Card Power Supply..............................................................425
Chapter 18: Analysis of ThinkPad (IBM) T410 Timing Sequence

18.1 G3 State.....................................................................................................427
18.2 S5 State.....................................................................................................442
18.3 AMT..........................................................................................................451
18.4 Trigger......................................................................................................455
18.5 S3 and S0 State........................................................................................ 456
18.6 The Clock, PG and Reset......................................................................... 463
18.7 The Battery Charge Circuit.......................................................................468
Chapter 19: Analysis of AMD Platform Timing Sequence

19.1 The Standard Timing Sequence of nVIDIA.............................................478
19.2 The Explanation of nVIDIA Chipset Timing Sequence (MSI MS-
16352)……………………………………………………………………….. 481
19.3 The Standard Timing Sequence of AMD Chipset....................................501
19.4 The Timing Sequence of AMD Chipset (ACER 4235, Quanta ZQE)......503
19.5 The Explanation of AMD A70M (Lenovo G485, Compal LA-8681P)...506
19.5.1 RTC Circuit............................................................................................506
19.5.2 Protective Isolation Circuit....................................................................508
19.5.3 The Standby Power Supply................................................................... 512
19.5.4 The Trigger Switch............................................................................... 519
19.5.5 Produce Power Supply...........................................................................521
19.5.6 APU Power Supply................................................................................528
19.5.7 Clock, PG and Reset..............................................................................529
19.5.8 The Independent Graphics Working Timing Sequence.........................534
Chapter 20: Analysis of the Laptop Battery Charging Circuit

20.1 Analysis of Charging Chip MAX1772 Used Usually Under Intel 1965GM
Platform ……………………………………………………………………...542
20.1.1 The Name and The Definition of The Pin............................................ 543
20.1.2 Application Circuit............................................................................... 546
20.2 Analysis of The Charging Chip ISL88731 Used Usually by The Intel
GM45…………………………………………………...…………………… 549
20.2.1 The Name and The Pin Definition of ISL88731................................... 550
20.2.2 The Typical Application Diagram.........................................................553
Chapter 21: Maintenance of Common Failures

21.1 Short Trouble (Short Circuit Problem) ...................................................556
21.2 Do Not Trigger Fault................................................................................560
21.3 Power Down Fault................................................................................... 564
21.4 Not Running Fault (NO Error Code) ...................................................... 567
21.5 The Maintenance of Common Code........................................................ 574
21.6 The Screen Shows Fault...........................................................................581
21.7 The Sound Card Fault.............................................................................. 587
21.8 USB Fault................................................................................................ 591
21.9 The Network Card Fault...........................................................................592
21.10 SATA Interface Fault............................................................................. 595
21.11 The Fan Interface Fault...........................................................................597
21.12 Crash Fault..............................................................................................599
Chapter 22: Example of Maintenance (Laptop Repair Cases)

22.1 The example of maintenance about don't boot fault
Example 1 IBM T61 cannot boot.................................................................... 600
Example 2 Lenovo G480 inflow water, which cause cannot boot.................. 602
Example 3 lightning strike cause the Lenovo Z360 does not boot.................. 605
Example 4 IBM R60 no standby.................................. ................................... 610
Example 5 ASUS A42J with multiple fault..................................................... 615
Example 6 ASUS K42JR no standby...............................................................619
Example 7 Acer Aspire 4738G powered off....................................................620
Example 8 ASUS K42JR Powered off.............................................................622
Example 9 SONY NS90HS cannot boot after lightning strike........................ 624
Example 10 Lenovo Xuri 410M power off......................................................626
Example 11 DELL N4030 I3 not trigger......................................................... 628
Example 12 Toshiba L500 cannot boot........................................................... 631
Example 13 Samsung R23 cannot boot........................................................... 638
22.2 The example of the breakdown maintenance about not bright
Example 14 Lenovo G460 do not run code..................................................... 641
Example 15 DELL V130 no display after powering on.................................. 644
Example 16 Samsung R428 no display after powering on.............................. 645
Example 17 Inventec HP511 no display and powered down...........................648
Example 18 eMachines D725 inflow water, which cause no light...................651
Example 19 Lenovo G470 no CPU voltage..................................................... 654
Example 20 Lenovo Y430 no clock and no display ....................................... 656
Example 21 Acer 5750G starting up but not display....................................... 657
22.3 The fault maintenance examples of power down
Example 22 used the oscilloscope to repair the fault of power down of Lenovo
G450 ……………………………………………………………………..…..659
Example 23 Lenovo G550 the standby is abnormal and power down............ 661
Example 24 HP 4411S power down when enter into the system.................... 664
Example 25 Acer Aspire 4310 power down.................................................... 667
Example 26 Lenovo Zhao yang E43G power down after triggering............... 671
Example 27 HP 510 power down repeatedly and restart after starting up.......672
Example 28 Lenovo V450 power down when stating up................................ 674
Example 29 HP 4411 Power down repeatedly after starting up...................... 676
22.4 The maintenance examples of other faults
Example 30 ASUS A8E large short circuit when install battery..................... 678
Example 31 Lenovo s10.2 dark screen ........................................................... 682
for signal level laptop level repair, you must know how to measure and analysis
the signals of the mainboard. So the perfect laptop repair solution is:
Components Level + Signal Level repair!
1.2: The Basic Knowledge You Must Know

Before Starting to Repair Laptop
1) The basic electronic repair knowledge you must know:
a) The analogue and digital circuits.

b) What are the opened circuit, short circuit, leakage circuit and etc.
c) For the laptop repairer, you must know what’s the “signal” and “timing
sequence”.
I. Signal = When a laptop mainboard working, it will sends and

receives different data and commands to control the circuits. So the
signal is very important for a laptop mainboard to working
properly.
II. Timing Sequence = The meaning of Timing Sequence is as the

name of “Timing” and the “Sequence”. When a laptop mainboard
supply an AC to it, press power button until it start-up/opening
successfully to working. At the same time mainboard each circuit
will sends and receives the signals in between their correct timing
and sequence, to successfully start-up/open the mainboard and
ready to use by the user. The timing sequence is important, and
must need to follow. If one of the step missing or incorrect timing,
it will cause the mainboard not working. Even the markets have
many brands laptop, but all or most of them are just using the Intel
or AMD platform chipset only. So the same chipset is using the
same timing sequence to work. And then we can just learn these
two main chipset timing sequence, we can handle and repair the
laptop easily.
Chapter 2
Original & OEM Laptop
Mainboard Part Numbers
All branded laptop computer like Acer, Dell, HP, Lenovo and etc, they are not
manufacture their laptop mainboard/motherboard. All of them are using the
third party company design laptop mainboard to build their own brand laptop
computer. This is because the branded computer company they want to earn
more money and cut the cost to build a laptop computer.
The entire third party laptop computer mainboard manufacturer called it as an

OEM company/manufacturer. What is the difference to OEM (Original
Equipment Manufacturer) and ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) company?
The OEM company is responsible to manufacture the product, but not include
the product design and research. But the ODM company is do all these thing, so
the branded computer company just put their brand name and model into this
laptop as their new model of laptop computer. For example the ODM product
manufacture by ECS G550 is using in different brands and models of laptop
computer like TCL610, ChangCheng E2000, FangZheng T5800D and etc.
We can say most of the laptop computer company is using the OEM and ODM
product to build their laptop computer now. All these OEM & ODM laptop
production company are from Taiwan and their manufacturer base is in China.
The popular OEM & ODM company like: Compal, QUANTA, Wistron,
Inventec and Pegatron. These OEM company have a huge market percentage on
production of laptop mainboard. The second line OEM manufacturer like:
MITAC, Clevo, FIC, MSI, ECS, Flextronics, Foxconn, Topstar and etc.
In the laptop maintenance, we can see different brands and models of laptop
computer send to repair. After dismantle the laptop and found it different brands
and models of laptop, but they also use the same laptop mainboard. So their
mainboard circuits, timing sequence and repairing steps also the same. We need
to know how to identify the laptop mainboard part number and their OEM
manufacturer by which company.
2.1: Quanta
QUANTA is one the top OEM laptop mainboard manufacturer. Their OEM
laptop mainboard is using by big laptop computer company like: Dell, HP,
Lenovo, Apple and etc.
The Quanta OEM laptop mainboard part number is starting from DA or DAO.
Their part number is DA or DAO and in between MB with 3 digits or 4 digits.
The Quanta mainboard p/n model CH3 is shown in figure 2-1. In this model of
laptop mainboard schematic diagram, you can find the “PROJECT: CH3” on
bottom right there, as shown in figure 2-2.
Figure 2-1: Quanta CH3 mainboard part number
Chapter 3
The Architecture of the
Laptop Mainboard
Now the chipset used by the mainstream laptop on the market is only two
manufacturers. The Intel and AMD Intel is the absolute dominance. Once the
most popular nVlDlA has quit the chipset industry in 2010, on the market, the
notebook computer products with nVIDlA chipset are few.
3.1: The Architecture of Intel Double Bridges

(GM/PM45 and below)
The Intel Double Bridge architecture includes the 855-GM/PM45 chipset. In the
Intel Double Bridge architecture, their CPU & North Bridge both are connected
through the FSB (Front Side Bus) and the North Bridge also control the
memory, PCI-E 16X discrete graphics card and display output interface.
The North Bridge and South Bridge bus connected is called as HUBLINK
before. But it is renamed to DMI (Direct Media Interface) now and their
transmission speed increased much faster.
The South Bridge is control peripheral extension interface, mainly in the

following:
USB: Devices on the USB line are USB interface, camera, Bluetooth and etc.
Audio card: MODEM and the audio card are on the same line.
Figure 3-2: The architecture of Intel HM75 chipset
Figure 3-5: The architecture of nVIDIA C51M chipset
4.9.2 Quanta
Some of common signals names/symbols about Quanta Mainboard shown in
table 4-2.
Signal Names/Symbols Description

VIN The common point voltage
ACIN, ACOK Power Adapter detection
3V_AL, 5V_AL, VL 3V, 5V Linear power supply
+3VPCU, +5VPCU EC Standby power supply
3V_S5 The voltage under the condition of S5;

The South Bridge power supply;
Opened by EC after Trigger switch.
+3VSUS, +5VSUS The voltage under the condition of S3;

Memory power supply; Sent by EC
and opened by SUSON.
NBSWON# Trigger signal for power on; Press the

power on key to produce high-low-
high signal to EC.
DNBSWON# EC sent high-low-high effective

trigger signal to the South Bridge
PWRBTN#.
SLP_S3#, SLP_S4# ACPI controller signal sent by the

South Bridge is used to opening
voltage when the power is turned on,
and it also used to shutting off voltage
when the power is turned off.
S5_ON The opening signal of the South

Bridge standby voltage sent by EC; Its
use to convert the PCU to voltage S5.
SUSON After EC receiving SLP_S5# from the

South Bridge, then producing S3
Figure 6-13: The similar signal circuit diagram
6.2: The Use of Common Point Bitmap

(BoardView Software)
l. CASTW----*.1st
CASTW is the point position figure used by IBM, the most outstanding
characteristics of this point position figure is that we can see the actual direction
of signal. The red indicates that the signal is in the current layer, and the yellow
indicates that the signal is in the other layer. Here "the other layer" refers to the
other side of PCB and also refers to the middle layer of PCB. Here is the
common use operations and shortcut menu shown in figure 6-14.
Figure 6-14: The screenshot of IBM BoardView software (point position figure)
Second, observe the architecture, in machines can be repaired on the current

market, there are four kinds of connection ways for EC and BIOS, as shown in
figure 7-3.
Figure 7-3: The relational graph of EC and BIOS
Firstly, BIOS connects to EC through X-BUS and SPI bus, and then EC
connects to the South Bridge through LPC, in general, in this case, EC code is
placed in the BIOS, that is share a chip with BIOS.
Secondly, BIOS connects to the South Bridge through SPI bus, there is not
ROM under EC, it uses its own internal ROM. Common in ThinkPad and Apple,
some models of the latest Lenovo also use this way.
Thirdly, the main BIOS connects to the South Bridge through SPI bus, hang a
SPI ROM chip under EC for storing EC CODE, such EC is not comes with the
program.
Fourthly, EC and the South Bridge connect BIOS through SPI bus, such EC is
not comes with program.
7.2: The Function and Working Conditions of

BIOS
BIOS is the program to provide the lowest level and the most direct hardware
control in the computer system. It controls the input device and output device of
the computer system, and is a hub connected the software program and
hardware device. For the PC, B1OS includes the controlling keyboard, display
screen, disk drive, serial communication device and some other functions of the
code. The computer technology develops into today, there are all kinds of new
technologies, many of the techniques of software part is to use BIOS to manage
Chapter 8
The Basic Working Process
of Laptop Computer
As professional laptop computer maintenance, personnel, in addition to have a

certain basic knowledge, also need to understand the working process and Intel
chipset standard timing of the laptop and other maintenance theories knowledge.
This chapter focuses on the boot process and Intel standard timing.
8.1: The General Boot Process of Laptop

Computer
The working process of the laptop follows a certain sequence. In the repair of
the laptop, in most cases, Timing applied on the power-on part in the system
boot, so also called Power Sequence. Mainly refers to a laptop motherboard
having done from standby to CPU get RESET signal. So literally, timing is time
and sequence. The motherboard from standby to power-on, and then to CPU
work, we feel just a short time.is almost a second, but in the work of the
motherboard, it will happen a lot of things in a second, from the standby voltage
producing.to press the switch, and to the motherboard received the switch signal,
then to send out each working voltage. And the motherboard made so much
action; it will strictly obey an established order, that is to say, in the process of
these steps, if the first step isn't completed. Then the next step is not start. And
there is a strict time requirement between each step, some will be accurate to a
few milliseconds, for example, PWRGD Signal generation requires that each
voltage stabilize about 5ms will be sent.
From the above introduction, we can see that the timing has very important
significance for the normal working of a motherboard, the most common fault,
such as no electricity, no boot and others, there have an important relationship
with the timing. It can be said that if you master the timing, then you have a
basic idea of maintenance for all kinds of faults of the laptop.
8.1.1 Hard starting process and Intel chipset standard

timing
1. Hard starting process in general.
The boot process of the laptop with Intel chipset (below series 4) is as follows:
(a) Without any electrical equipment supply power (no battery and no power),
through 3V button battery to produce VCCRTC to supply RTC circuit of the
South bridge, to keep the operation of the internal time and save the CMOS
information.
(b) After plugging in the battery or adapter, produce the common point.
(c) Then produce the EC standby power supply (usually linear voltage), after
the standby power supply is normal, EC supply power to crystal oscillator to
produce the EC standby clock, the standby power supply delay produce EC
reset, EC reads the program configuration own pin(BIOS chip select waveform
as shown in figure 8-1).
Figure 8-1: BIOS chip select waveform
Figure 8-13
4. The clock signal distribution of above HM65 chipset

The clock signal distribution of above HM65 chipset is shown in figure 8-14,
the characteristic is that it must be 25MHz crystal when the bridge integrates the
clock chip.
Figure 8-14: The clock signal distribution of above HM65 chipset
Figure 9-53: The real object of MAX8770

The definition of MAX8770 is shown in table 9-11.
Table 9-11: The pin definition of MAX8770
The application circuit of MAX8770 is shown in figure 9-59, several key

working conditions are indicated in the figure:
Figure 9-59: The typical application figure of MAX8770
Figure 9-65: The simplified application diagram and the key pin of ISL6260
Note:
(1.) = The chip main power supply
(2.) = Temperature measurement and over-temperature instruction
(3.) = VIDs
(4.) = Sleep and Energy-saving control
(5.) = Opening (start-up)
(6.) = The voltage detection
(7.) = The condition of PGOOD
(8.) = CLK_EN# module power supply
(9.) = First phase square waveform output
Chapter 12
Analysis of COMPAL OEM
Laptop Mainboard Circuit
The greatest feature of the motherboard designed by Compal is the protective
isolation and the standby circuit. the power-on sequence and the RTC circuit is
almost the standard sequence. This chapter introduces three kinds of Compal
protective isolation circuit. Then explain one of the Compal standby circuit.
12.1: Analysis of Compal LA-5891P Protective

Isolation and The Standby Circuit
In this section, takes Compal LA_5891P as an example to analyze the protective
isolation and the standby circuit.
1. The protective isolation circuit

Insert the adapter, through the power connects to PJPl, and produces VIN, 19V
through PL24, is shown in figure 12-1.The figure of Compal motherboard
power interface is shown in 12-2.
Figure 12-1: The production of VIN
Chapter 13
Analysis of INVENTEC
OEM Laptop Mainboard
Circuit
Inventec is usually OEM for HP. In this chapter, as DosXX Dunkel 1.0
(HP_6510b) an example to explain part of the circuit of Inventec, the circuit of
this type is basically completed by the independent components, EC seldom
participated in voltage control It is very meaningful for study of the circuit
analysis.
13.1: Analysis of Inventec DosXX Dunkel 1.0

Protective Isolation Circuit
The voltage +VADP of the adapter interface JACK1 needs through Q507 and
Q514 to reach the common point +VBATR, these two of field-effect tube is
controlled by ADP_EN#, BATCAL#, ACDRV#, is shown in figure 13-1.
In the figure 13-1, Q507 is P channel. It must have two conditions to conduct:
ADP_EN# is low, BATCAL# is high, and the origin of them is shown in figure
13-2.
The circuit analysis in the figure 13-2:
(1) LIMIT_SIGNAL is about 7V voltage from the adapter middle pin, +VADP
is the adapter voltage 19V,through R108 and R105,R104 partial pressure, then
gets 5.9V of 2 pin, and less than 7V of 3 pour the comparator outputs the high
level ADP_ ID, then sends to EC for adapter detection.
(2) VADP through R108, R105 and R104 partial pressure to be 4.8V to send to 5
pin is less than 7V of 6 pin, the comparator outputs the low level ADP_EN#.
(3) The low level of ADP_EN# makes Q7 cut off, ADP_ EN is high. sends to
EC, because it's no power at this time,SLP_S3#_3R is low,Q545 is cut off,
BATCAL# is pulled up to get the high level by the adapter voltage through
R9252.
Then the Q507 is conducted successfully and produces +ADPBL.
In the figure 13-1,if Q514 is conducted completely, it needs the low level of
ACDRV# sent by U5(BQ24703),the specific process is that +VADPBL in the
left side of Q514 through the body diode between the D pole and S pole and
D510 supplies the small current to the common point +VBATR, is shown in
figure 13-3.
+VBATR renamed to be +VBATP after crossing the jumper wire PAD6,

supplied to VIN of the standby power management chip TPS51120,as the main
power supply. is shown in figure 13-4.Because EN3 and EN5 of the chip is
hung in the air, according to the pin definition of TPS51120, EN3 & EN5 being
hung in the air will produce automatically VREG3 and VREG5.VREG5
retraces to supply the power to V5FILT,and produces the reference voltage with
2VREF.
Figure 13-1: The common point production circuit

(For more clear details, please check their full schematic diagram on the bonus
section)
Chapter 14
Analysis of Intel PCH
Sequence (i3/i5/i7)
PCH is the platform controller hub. Intel PCH is the single bridge chipset in the
Intel company. The product of the first generation PCH is Intel 5 series, such as
Intel HM55 and so on. matches the first generation 13/15/17 CPU; the second
generation and the third generation is Intel 6 and Intel 7 series, matches the
second generation and the third generation 13/15/17 CPU, these two of
generations is almost the same, CPU is in common used. The newest fourth
generation has been released is Intel 8 series.PCH chip has all functions of the
original ICH, also has the function of management the engine of the original
MCH. It does not matter to call PCH the North Bridge or the South bridge. In
this chapter, we mainly introduce the main feature of Intel 5 series.6 series and
7 series sequence.
14.1: About Intel ME and Intel AMT

Intel ME is the Intel Management Engine, is the independent hardware inset the
North Bridge or PCH.ME firmware (ME FW) and the BIOS motherboard are
usually kept in the same chip, but they are independent mutually. The
architecture of Intel ME and ME firmware is shown in figure 14-1.
Figure 14-10: The timing sequence of Intel 5 series chipset
VCCRTC: 3V power supply sent from the motherboard to PCH Bridge,

supplies the power to RTC circuit of the bridge, to save the CMOS parameter.
RTCRST#/SRTCRST#: 3V high level sent from the mainboard to the bridge,

the reset signal of RTC circuit start from ICH9, there have two resets.
32.768kHz: the 32.768 kHz crystal next to the bridge, the bridge supplies the
power to the crystal, and the crystal supplies the frequency to the bridge.
Figure 14-11: The timing sequence of Intel 6 series chipset
VCCRTC: sent 3V power supply to PCH bridge from the motherboard,

supplies the power to RTC of the bridge, to save CMOS parameter.
RTCRST#/SRTCRST#: sent 3V high level to the bridge from the motherboard,
the reset signal of RTC circuit. Start from ICH9 and there have two resets.
32.768kHz: 32.768 kHz crystal next to the bridge, the bridge supplies the power
to the crystal, and the crystal provides the frequency to the bridge.
VCCDSW3_3: the motherboard provides the deep sleep well power
supply to the bridge, 3-3V.When it not supports the deep sleep, this voltage
connects with VCCSUS3_3.
Chapter 15
Analysis of ASUS K42JR
(HM5x) Timing Sequence
ASUS K42JR uses Intel 5 series chipset. We will analyze the standby and the
power-on timing sequence under the adapter mode, because RTC circuit is
almost the same, so we do not explain in this chapter.
15.1: The Standby State

First, the adapter insert, outputs A/D_DOCK_IN, is shown in figure 15-1.
Figure 15-1: The screenshot of the adapter interface circuit
Figure 16-2: The kind of the Apple adapter

PPDCIN_G3H through the body diode of Q7080 to produce
PPDCIN_G3H_OR_PBUS is shown in figure 16-3. (In the battery mode, the battery
through the body diode of Q7055 and through the top tube Q7030 of the charging
circuit, then through the body diode of Q7085D to supply the power to
PPDCIN_G3H_OR__PBUS).
Figure 16-3: The production circuit of PPDCIN_G3H_OR_PBUS

PPDCIN_G3H_OR_PBUS supplies the power to VIN of U6990 (IT3970),and is
added to EN directly, the chip outputs PP3V42_G3H,is shown in figure 16-
4.This is a step-down switching regulator, internal integrates the booster and the
clamping diodes. The pin definition VIN means the power supply, EN means
the open, and RT means the oscillation setting. BOOST means start boot-strap
pin, SW means phase/output pin. FB means feedback, BD connects the internal
boost diode and the voltage regulator.
Figure 21-41: The screenshot of the basic working condition of the network
card
(2) The crystal 25MHz of the network card, is shown in figure 21-42.
Figure 21-42: 25MHz crystal of the network card
Highly recommended other great related repair information for you:

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repairing the electronic devices: (Please click on the ebook cover to get more
details)
1) The Great Electronic Repairing Ebooks:
2) Kent Liew Best of OLED/LED/LCD/Plasma TV Repairing Ebooks:
a) http://www.LCDRepairGuide.com
This is a professional OLED/LED/LCD/ Plasma TV repairing website. Included

all the great repair tips and tricks, for example the PSU self test method, Panel
Modification Method, Backlight Bypass Method, TV Mainboard repair secrets,
T-con board (timing control section) repair secrets and so on.
b) Membership Sites:
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What are some of the main laptop manufacturers discussed?

What are some of the main laptop manufacturers discussed?

What are the different levels of laptop architecture mentioned?

What are the different levels of laptop architecture mentioned?

Laptop Chip Level Repair Guide 2

Chapter 2: Original & OEM Laptop Mainboard Part Numbers

Chapter 3: The Architecture of The Laptop Mainboard

Chapter 4: The Explanation of Nouns and Common Concepts of

4.5 Reset Signal................................................................................................. 39

Chapter 5: The Basic Application Circuit of Electronic

Chapter 7: Introduction of EC and BIOS…89

Chapter 8: The Basic Working Process of Laptop Computer

Chapter 9: The Explanation of PWM Circuit

Chapter 10: Analysis of Quanta OEM Laptop Mainboard Circuit

Chapter 11: Analysis of Wistron OEM Laptop Mainboard

Chapter 12: Analysis of Compal OEM Laptop Mainboard Circuit

Chapter 13: Analysis of Inventec OEM Laptop Mainboard

Chapter 14: Analysis of INTEL PCH Power on Sequence (i3/i5/i7)

Chapter 15: Analysis of ASUS K42JR (HM5x) Timing Sequence

Chapter 16: Analysis of Apple A1286 (HM5x) Timing Sequence

Chapter 17: Analysis of DELL N4110 (HM6x) Timing Sequence

Chapter 18: Analysis of ThinkPad (IBM) T410 Timing Sequence

Chapter 19: Analysis of AMD Platform Timing Sequence

Chapter 20: Analysis of the Laptop Battery Charging Circuit

Chapter 21: Maintenance of Common Failures

Chapter 22: Example of Maintenance (Laptop Repair Cases)

22.4 The maintenance examples of other faults

1.2: The Basic Knowledge You Must Know

a) The analogue and digital circuits.

I. Signal = When a laptop mainboard working, it will sends and

II. Timing Sequence = The meaning of Timing Sequence is as the

The entire third party laptop computer mainboard manufacturer called it as an

Figure 2-1: Quanta CH3 mainboard part number

3.1: The Architecture of Intel Double Bridges

The South Bridge is control peripheral extension interface, mainly in the

Figure 3-2: The architecture of Intel HM75 chipset

Figure 3-5: The architecture of nVIDIA C51M chipset

Signal Names/Symbols Description

ACIN, ACOK Power Adapter detection

3V_AL, 5V_AL, VL 3V, 5V Linear power supply

+3VPCU, +5VPCU EC Standby power supply

3V_S5 The voltage under the condition of S5;

+3VSUS, +5VSUS The voltage under the condition of S3;

NBSWON# Trigger signal for power on; Press the

DNBSWON# EC sent high-low-high effective

SLP_S3#, SLP_S4# ACPI controller signal sent by the

S5_ON The opening signal of the South

SUSON After EC receiving SLP_S5# from the

Figure 6-13: The similar signal circuit diagram

6.2: The Use of Common Point Bitmap

Second, observe the architecture, in machines can be repaired on the current

Figure 7-3: The relational graph of EC and BIOS

7.2: The Function and Working Conditions of

As professional laptop computer maintenance, personnel, in addition to have a

8.1: The General Boot Process of Laptop

8.1.1 Hard starting process and Intel chipset standard

Figure 8-1: BIOS chip select waveform

4. The clock signal distribution of above HM65 chipset

Figure 8-14: The clock signal distribution of above HM65 chipset