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    EXP 9 - Flow Beneath Sluice Gate

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    siva ram
    This document describes an experiment to study open channel flow beneath a sluice gate. The experiment measures discharge (Q), upstream depth (y0), downstream depth (y1), and gate opening (yg) under constant y0 and constant Q conditions. It also calculates the thrust on the gate (Fg), hydrostatic thrust (FH), discharge coefficient (Cd), specific energy (E), and critical depth (yc) to analyze flow properties. The objectives are to analyze flow under a sluice gate and how specific energy varies in open channel flow. Key plots to be made include Cd vs yg/y0, Fg/FH vs yg/y0, E0 vs y0, and E1

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    EXP 9 - Flow Beneath Sluice Gate

    Uploaded by

    siva ram
    2K views7 pages
    This document describes an experiment to study open channel flow beneath a sluice gate. The experiment measures discharge (Q), upstream depth (y0), downstream depth (y1), and gate opening (yg) under constant y0 and constant Q conditions. It also calculates the thrust on the gate (Fg), hydrostatic thrust (FH), discharge coefficient (Cd), specific energy (E), and critical depth (yc) to analyze flow properties. The objectives are to analyze flow under a sluice gate and how specific energy varies in open channel flow. Key plots to be made include Cd vs yg/y0, Fg/FH vs yg/y0, E0 vs y0, and E1

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    EXP 9 - Flow Beneath Sluice Gate

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    This document describes an experiment to study open channel flow beneath a sluice gate. The experiment measures discharge (Q), upstream depth (y0), downstream depth (y1), and gate opening (yg) under constant y0 and constant Q conditions. It also calculates the thrust on the gate (Fg), hydrostatic thrust (FH), discharge coefficient (Cd), specific energy (E), and critical depth (yc) to analyze flow properties. The objectives are to analyze flow under a sluice gate and how specific energy varies in open channel flow. Key plots to be made include Cd vs yg/y0, Fg/FH vs yg/y0, E0 vs y0, and E1

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    2K views7 pages

    EXP 9 - Flow Beneath Sluice Gate

    Uploaded by

    siva ram
    This document describes an experiment to study open channel flow beneath a sluice gate. The experiment measures discharge (Q), upstream depth (y0), downstream depth (y1), and gate opening (yg) under constant y0 and constant Q conditions. It also calculates the thrust on the gate (Fg), hydrostatic thrust (FH), discharge coefficient (Cd), specific energy (E), and critical depth (yc) to analyze flow properties. The objectives are to analyze flow under a sluice gate and how specific energy varies in open channel flow. Key plots to be made include Cd vs yg/y0, Fg/FH vs yg/y0, E0 vs y0, and E1

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 7
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    The key takeaways are to study flow beneath a sluice gate, variation of specific energy in open channel flow, and thrust acting on the gate.

    The objective is to study the flow under a sluice gate and variation of specific energy in the open channel flow.

    The steps involve maintaining a constant upstream water level, measuring discharge, depths, and gradually raising the gate while adjusting discharge to maintain constant upstream level. Measurements are recorded in tables.

    EXPERIMENT : -9

    EXPERIMENT Open channel flow beneath the Sluice Gate

    THEORY

    Flow rate beneath a sluice gate may be given by

    Q = Cd Lyg (2 gy0 ).......................(1)

    When flow under a gate takes place due to momentum change a thrust acts on the gate . This

    resultant thrust on gate Fg can be given by

    .5 xb ( y12 - y02 ) + q ( v1 - v0 ) �
    Fg = g �
    � ............(2)
    �

    Compared to this , the hydrostatic thrust can be computed using

    1
    FH = r g ( y0 - y g ) 2
    2

    Specific energy e is the energy of flow computed considering channel bottom as datum

    v2
    E = y+
    2g

    where y is the depth of flow and v the velocity . For a given discharge Q, the specific energy is a

    function of y and it reaches its minimum value at a depth y c called the critical depth. For a

    rectangular channel.

    3
    Emin = yc .........................................(4)
    2

    Also,
    1
    �Q 2 �
    3
    yc = � 2 �..............................(5)
    �gb �

    In the present experiment, all three aspects are to be studied.

    EXPERIMENT-3 1
    EXPERIMENT Flow beneath sluice gate

    THEORY

    The flow under a sluice gate differs from that through an orifice on account of the fact that the
    emerging jet is not exposed to the atmospheric pressure throughout, but is guided by horizontal
    floor. Consequently, the pressure in the jet is not atmospheric but is distributed hydrostatically. In
    fact, the flows on the upstream and downstream of the sluice are of both free-surface (open-
    channel) types. Although it is difficult to make a correct estimation of force on the upstream and
    downstream of a sluice gate, the energy balance may easily be done, considering insignificant
    energy loss as the subcritical flow dives down from the upstream beneath the gate and emerges
    on the downstream as a supercritical flow. Often, the flow below sluice gates is referred to as
    “undershot” in contrast to the “overshot” flows taking place over weir-plates in open channel flows.

    OBJECTIVE
    To study the flow under a sluice gate and variation of specific energy in the open channel flow.

    APPARATUS Flume with a sluice gate, hook and point gauge, measuring device, stop
    watch (refer to Figure OC4.1).

    FIGURE OC4.1 SLUICE GATE

    PROCEDURE
    EXPERIMENT-3 2
    1. Make the flume horizontal and place the undershot weir in position with bottom edge
    about 2 cm from the channel bottom.

    2. Allow the water to flow till water level upstream is about 18 cms (y0). Maintaining this
    level, measure the discharge Q, depth of opening under the gate yg and downstream
    depth y1.

    3. Raise the gate slightly (1 to 2 cms). Adjust the discharge such that y0 of 18 cms is
    maintained. Record Q, yg and y1.

    4. Repeat step 3 several times maintaining y0 (that is, keeping y0 as constant).

    5. Repeat the experiment, this time keeping discharge Q constant and allowing y0 to
    vary. Record y1, y0 and Q. Record several readings.

    OBSERVATIONS
    Width of flume = ……………….

    TABLE -1

    Yg(m) y1(m)
    Q(cum/sec)
    Exp. Weir upstream
    opening flow depth hi( lit) hf(lit) T(sec) Flow rate A0 A1
    No.

    EXPERIMENT-3 3
    TABLE -2

    V0 V1 E0 E1 Fg(N) FH(N) Fg
    Exp. ---------- yg
    FH ----------
    No. y0 Cd

    ASSIGNMENT

    1. Plot Cd vs. yg / y0 for constant y0

    2. Plot Cd vs. yg / y0 for constant Q

    3. Comment on the effect of y0 and Q on Cd

    4. Plot Fg / FH vs. yg / y0

    5. Compare the experiment al results with theoretical results

    6. Plot E0 vs y0 and E1 vs y1. From the graph, determine Emin. Compare the observed and
    theoretical values of Emin and comment on the same.

    Plot of Cd vs. yg / y0 for constant y0


    EXPERIMENT-3 4
    Plot of Cd vs. yg / y0 for constant Q

    EXPERIMENT-3 5
    Plot of Fg / FH vs. yg / y0

    EXPERIMENT-3 6
    DISCUSSION

    EXPERIMENT-3 7

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