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    Fatty Esters: Che 321 Oleochemical Technology

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    Mohd Rafiq
    The document discusses fatty esters, including their production via transesterification of oils and fats or esterification of fatty acids. It describes the basic chemistry of esters and outlines commercial processes for producing fatty esters.

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    Fatty Esters: Che 321 Oleochemical Technology

    Uploaded by

    Mohd Rafiq
    90 views26 pages
    The document discusses fatty esters, including their production via transesterification of oils and fats or esterification of fatty acids. It describes the basic chemistry of esters and outlines commercial processes for producing fatty esters.

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    Original Title

    FATTY ESTER

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    The document discusses fatty esters, including their production via transesterification of oils and fats or esterification of fatty acids. It describes the basic chemistry of esters and outlines commercial processes for producing fatty esters.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    90 views26 pages

    Fatty Esters: Che 321 Oleochemical Technology

    Uploaded by

    Mohd Rafiq
    The document discusses fatty esters, including their production via transesterification of oils and fats or esterification of fatty acids. It describes the basic chemistry of esters and outlines commercial processes for producing fatty esters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 26

    Chapter 5:

    Fatty Esters
    By : Muhammad Imran Ismail
    Faculty of Chemical Engineering,
    UiTM Caw. Johor, Pasir Gudang Campus

    Lecture 5.1 CHE 321 OLEOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY


    Syllabus Content
    WEEK CH CHAPTER/CONTENT
    1 1.0 Overview on development of oleochemical industries.

    2-3 2.0 Oleochemical technology in Malaysia

    4-5 3.0 Raw material feedstock for the oleochemical industries.

    6-7 4.0 Fatty acids.

    8-9 5.0 Fatty Esters.

    10-11 6.0 Fatty alcohols.


    Latest technology available in oleochemical industries and future
    12-13 7.0 challenges.

    14 8.0 Plant visit to palm oil refinery.

    2 17-03-2015
    Chapter 5: Fatty Acid

    5.1 Production of fatty esters and its derivatives.

    5.2 Flow chart

    5.3 Uses and application of fatty esters.

    3 17-03-2015
    LEARNING
    OUTCOMES
    The student should be able to:

    • Define fatty esters.

    • Describe the production processes of fatty esters and

    its derivatives.

    4 17-03-2015
    5 17-03-2015
    The composition of
    fatty esters
    Fatty Esters
    Term : Fatty ester is a type of ester that result from
    the combination of a fatty acid with an alcohol.

    7 17-03-2015
    What are ester?
    • Esters are derived from carboxylic acids. A carboxylic acid contains the -COOH
    group

    A common ester - ethyl ethanoate


    • The most commonly discussed ester is ethyl ethanoate. In this case, the
    hydrogen in the -COOH group has been replaced by an ethyl group. The
    formula for ethyl ethanoate is:

    8 17-03-2015
    • Notice that the ester is named the opposite way around
    from the way the formula is written.
    • The "ethanoate" bit comes from ethanoic acid.
    • The "ethyl" bit comes from the ethyl group on the end.

    9 17-03-2015
    Flowchart & Production of
    fatty esters
    11 17-03-2015
    Commercial processes for production of fatty esters are:

    (A) Transesterification of oil and fats

    (B) Esterification of fatty acids

    12 17-03-2015
    (A) TRANSESTERIFICATION
    Transesterification:
     Glycerides react with alcohol to produce mixture of fatty acid

    ester and alcohol.


     These reactions are
    often catalyzed by the
    addition of
    an acid or base catalyst.

     The reaction can also be


    accomplished with the help of
    enzymes (biocatalysts)
    particularly lipases
    MethylOleate
    Recycle of Methanol

    FAME
    purification

    Water
    Waste

    Methanol By-product
    Recovery purification
    Column

    Glycerol

    Base case flowsheet


    3 minutes energy break..

    18 17-03-2015
    (B) ESTERIFICATION
     Esterification is a chemical reaction used for making esters. The reaction in which a
    Caboxylic acid combines with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst (commonly
    concentrated sulfuric acid) to form an ester [CH3COOC2H5] is called Esterification
    reaction. It is a reversible reaction.
     Example:
    Acetic acid esterification in excess Ethanol in the presence of concentrated
    H2SO4 as a catalyst results in an ester (ethyl actate) with the removal of water
    molecule.
     Due to this, esterification reaction is also called 'Dehydration reaction'.
     The chemical composition of the acid, alcohol and catalyst used also affect the rate
    of reaction. Strong acid makes the rate of formation of acids very fast.
    Direct Esterification of Fatty
    Acids with Alcohol
    Continuous Esterification Process
    • At the top of the column, fatty acid is
    introduced while water & excess methanol
    are continuously withdrawn bottom of the
    column
    • Fresh methanol is introduced and methyl
    ester is counter current continuously
    withdrawn
    Different
    FAME and Fatty Acid
    DIFFERENCES
    Fatty Acid Methyl Fatty Acid
    Ester
    Non-corrosive Corrosive
    Transesterification Fat Splitting
    Low Boiling Point and High Boiling Point
    Easy to be Distilled

    More Heat Stable Less Heat Stable

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