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    Major Depression: Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Diagnostic Criteria

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    Major depression is characterized by depressed mood, loss of interest, and other psychological and physical symptoms that last at least two weeks and interfere with functioning. Depressive episodes can be mild, moderate, or severe. Severe depression involves considerable distress, agitation, or retardation and the inability to continue usual activities. In primary care settings, severe major depression is uncommon, occurring in less than 5% of patients, and psychotic depression is rare. Dysthymic disorder involves a low mood for at least two years without meeting criteria for major depression. Adjustment disorder with depressed mood follows a significant life event and involves distress and symptoms that do not meet criteria for another disorder.

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    Major Depression: Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Diagnostic Criteria

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    attoo
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    Major depression is characterized by depressed mood, loss of interest, and other psychological and physical symptoms that last at least two weeks and interfere with functioning. Depressive episodes can be mild, moderate, or severe. Severe depression involves considerable distress, agitation, or retardation and the inability to continue usual activities. In primary care settings, severe major depression is uncommon, occurring in less than 5% of patients, and psychotic depression is rare. Dysthymic disorder involves a low mood for at least two years without meeting criteria for major depression. Adjustment disorder with depressed mood follows a significant life event and involves distress and symptoms that do not meet criteria for another disorder.

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    Major depression is characterized by depressed mood, loss of interest, and other psychological and physical symptoms that last at least two weeks and interfere with functioning. Depressive episodes can be mild, moderate, or severe. Severe depression involves considerable distress, agitation, or retardation and the inability to continue usual activities. In primary care settings, severe major depression is uncommon, occurring in less than 5% of patients, and psychotic depression is rare. Dysthymic disorder involves a low mood for at least two years without meeting criteria for major depression. Adjustment disorder with depressed mood follows a significant life event and involves distress and symptoms that do not meet criteria for another disorder.

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    Major Depression: Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Diagnostic Criteria

    Uploaded by

    attoo
    Major depression is characterized by depressed mood, loss of interest, and other psychological and physical symptoms that last at least two weeks and interfere with functioning. Depressive episodes can be mild, moderate, or severe. Severe depression involves considerable distress, agitation, or retardation and the inability to continue usual activities. In primary care settings, severe major depression is uncommon, occurring in less than 5% of patients, and psychotic depression is rare. Dysthymic disorder involves a low mood for at least two years without meeting criteria for major depression. Adjustment disorder with depressed mood follows a significant life event and involves distress and symptoms that do not meet criteria for another disorder.

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    Major depression

    In depressive episodes, the individual suffers from depressed mood and/or loss of interest and
    enjoyment, and a number of other psychological and somatic symptoms. These include reduced
    energy, concentration/attention and self-esteem; ideas of guilt/unworthiness; bleak or pessimistic
    views of the future; ideas or acts of self-harm/suicide; and disturbed sleep and appetite. The lowered
    mood varies little from day-to-day and is often unresponsive to circumstances. It interferes with
    functioning and must last for at least 2 weeks to meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
    Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnostic criteria.

    Depressive episodes can be classified as mild, moderate or severe.

    Mild depression—the individual is usually distressed by symptoms and has some difficulty carrying
    out usual activities.

    Moderate depression—several symptoms may be present to a marked degree and the individual
    usually has considerable difficulty continuing with usual activities.

    Severe depression—the individual usually shows either considerable distress or agitation, or


    retardation, and is unlikely to be able to continue usual activities beyond a minimal extent. Somatic
    symptoms are prominent and suicide is a particular risk. Major depression with melancholia is a form
    of severe depression characterised by psychomotor retardation or agitation, loss of pleasure in all or
    almost all activities, marked weight loss and a lack of reactivity of mood. Psychotic symptoms can
    occur in severe depression. In primary care or community (outpatient) practice, severe major
    depression is uncommon (less than 5% of those presenting with depression) and psychotic
    depression is rare.

    In primary care severe major depression is uncommon and psychotic depression is rare.

    Dysthymic disorder
    Dysthymic disorder is characterised by enduring, often fluctuating, low mood (of at least 2 years
    duration), but with insufficient symptoms to meet the criteria for major depression. Underlying
    personality vulnerabilities are common, and antidepressants are less predictably effective than in
    major depression.

    Adjustment disorder with depressed and/or anxious mood


    Adjustment disorder with depressed and/or anxious mood is a period of distress and emotional
    disturbance (usually interfering with social functioning) following a significant stressful life event.
    However, the duration and severity of symptoms do not meet the criteria for another depressive or
    anxiety disorder. Some degree of personal vulnerability may be present, but the disorder would not
    be expected without the life event. Such symptoms may resolve spontaneously, or benefit from
    short-term counselling or supportive psychotherapy. There is no evidence that antidepressants are
    helpful. For discussion of adjustment disorder with anxious mood, see Adjustment disorder with
    anxious mood.

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