Tables for Equal Single Angles in Compression

WAYNE W. WALKER

1 he design of single angles in compression is a time con- Determine angle properties with respect to the W and Z axes.
suming, iterative procedure. A computer program was devel-
/, = Ar^ = 1.94(.795)2 = 1.23 in.'*
oped to perform these time consuming calculations and gen-
erate tables for grades 36 ksi and 50 ksi equal leg angles. 4 = 4 + /y - /^ = 2(3.04) - 1.23 = 4.85 in."
The program uses the recently published allowable stresses
given in Reference 1. rw = \ — = \ = 1-58 in.
The tables are generated using the following criteria: \ ^ \ 1.94
1. The angle is pinned at the support points. {K = 1.0) .7071 .7071
£•„ = (L„ + f„) = (4 + .375) = 1.55 in.
2. The common loading case where the axial load is
applied on one side by a gusset plate. (See Fig. 1.)
3. No axial load is given when L/r exceeds 200. £, = W2 - ^ (L„ - rJ
The following example will illustrate the procedure used
by the program: .7071
= 1.09V2 - (4 - .375) = .260 in.
Given:
Determine the maximum axial load that can be applied as C = .7071(Lj) = .7071(4) = 2.83 in.
shown in Fig. 1 for an L4x4x\4 grade 36 ksi with an Q = yV2 = I.O9V2 = 1.54 in.
unbraced length of 5 ft 0 in.
L 4.85 ,
Angle Properties: S„ = — = = 1.71 in.3
A = 1.94 in.^ C„ 2.83
I, = 3.04 in.^ S^ = : ^ = 1 ^ = .799 in.3
Y = 1.09 in. C, 1.54
r, = .795 in.
J = .0438 in.^
r^ = 2.23 in. GUSSET PLATE
H = .627
Fy = 36 ksi
E = 29,000 ksi
G = 11,200 ksi
tg = % in.

Solution:
Determine Q.
_ 76 _ 155 155
12.7 —r = 25.8
V36 36

since 12.7 < 16 < 25.8, use Q = 1.340 - .00447 ^

Q = 1.340 - .00447(16W36 = .911

Wayne W. Walker is structural engineer, Lockwood Greene LOAD CENTROID

Engineers, Atlanta, GA.
Fig. 1. Angle plan view.

SECOND QUARTER/1991 65
Determine the Equivalent LIr for flexural-torsional buckling. 36
Ff,^ = (0.95 - .50. -)36 = 24.2 ksi
GJ 11,200(.0438) . 117.7
¥,, = = = 50.8 ksi
.66(36) = 23.8 ksi
Ar^ 1.94(2.23)2
TT'E ~2
_ x2(29,000) Check b/t provisions.
/;„. = = 198.5 ksi
I V " /5(12)Y 76
since b/t > —— , use Fu^ .eoQFy

4iF„)iF,j)H 1%^ = .60(.911)36 = 19.7 ksi - governs

1
27/ //7 +/r.^2
Determine 1%^.
198.5+50.8/ /_4(198.5)(50.8)(.627)-^ ^^^^^ ^^ 76
since b/t > —— use /^. = .602/^ = 19.7 ksi
2(.627) (198.5 + 50.8)2
IE 29,000 Solve for the maximum allowable axial load using:
= ^^^ - = TA— = 79.1
K V 45.7 PE^, PE.
+ + < 1.0
5(12) AF
= 75.5 ^w^h.. S,F,,
r, .795 At ^^ AF:.
since 79.1 > 75.5, flexural-torsional buckling controls. F;^.= 103.4 ksi F;, = 26.2 ksi using Ref. 1 Table 8
Determine K. P P(1.55)
lir^E 27r2(29,000) 1.94(14.4)
c; = = 132.1 1.71(19.7)
QFy .911(36) 1.94(103.4)
L/r 79 A P(.260)
= .60 using Ref. 1 Table 3 Q = .440 + 1.0
c; 132.1
.799(19.7)
/r = c^^ = .440(.911)36 = UA ksi 1.94(26.2)
itemline i^^. P = 9.6 kips
28,250 28,250 REFERENCES
/^^ = = = 117.7 ksi
L 5(12) 1. American Institute of Steel Construction, Manual of Steel
t .25 Construction, 9th ed., (Chicago: AISC, 1989).

since 117.7 ksi>36 ksi, use /g^=(0.95-.50^/ ^ j i ^ < . 6 6 i^;

•Fob

66 ENGINEERING JOURNAL/AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION

 Allowable Axial Load in Kips
L8.0X8.0
KL Grade 36.0 ksi | Grade 50.0 ksi
V/B 1 11 7/8 3/4 5/8 Vie V2 1 V/B 1 7/8 3/4 5/8 %B 1/2
1 99.9 92.0 83.7 73.8 59.2 51.7 43.9 137.7 126.6 114.8 94.7 75.8 65.3 54.4
2 99.6 91.8 83.4 73.6 59.0 51.6 43.8 137.3 126.1 114.4 94.4 75.6 65.2 54.3
3 99.2 91.3 83.1 73.2 58.9 51.4 43.6 136.4 125.3 113.7 93.8 75.2 64.9 54.1
4 98.5 90.7 82.6 72.8 58.5 51.2 43.5 135.0 124.2 112.7 93.2 74.6 64.5 53.8
5 97.3 89.9 81.9 72.3 58.1 50.9 43.2 132.9 122.7 111.5 92.2 74.0 63.9 53.4
6 95.4 88.3 81.1 71.6 57.6 50.4 42.8 129.5 119.8 109.8 91.0 73.2 63.3 52.9
7 93.4 86.4 79.2 70.7 57.0 49.9 42.5 125.6 116.2 106.6 89.6 72.1 62.5 52.3
8 91.0 84.3 77.3 69.0 56.2 49.4 42.1 121.4 112.2 102.9 86.8 71.0 61.6 51.6
9 88.5 81.9 75.1 67.1 55.2 48.7 41.6 116.7 108.0 99.1 83.6 69:2 60.5 50.9
10 85.8 79.3 72.8 65.0 53.6 47.7 41.0 111.8 103.3 94.8 80.3 66.5 59.0 50.0
11 82.9 76.6 70.3 62.8 51.8 46.3 40.2 106.6 98.4 90.2 76.5 63.7 56.6 48.8
12 79.8 73.7 67.6 60.5 49.9 44.7 38.9 101.0 93.1 85.4 72.7 60.7 54.1 46.8
13 76.6 70.7 64.9 58.0 48.0 43.0 37.5 95.0 87.6 80.3 68.5 57.4 51.4 44.5
14 73.2 67.6 62.0 55.4 45.9 41.2 36.1 88.6 81.6 74.8 64.0 54.0 48.5 42.3
15 69.6 64.2 58.8 52.7 43.6 39.3 34.5 82.4 75.8 69.1 59.4 50.3 45.3 39.7
16 65.7 60.6 55.6 49.7 41.3 37.3 32.9 76.6 70.4 63.9 55.3 46.7 42.2 37.2
17 61.8 56.9 52.2 46.6 38.9 35.2 31.1 71.4 65.3 59.2 51.5 43.6 39.4 34.6
18 58.1 53.5 48.9 43.5 36.4 33.1 29.3 66.5 60.7 55.0 47.9 40.5 36.8 32.4
19 54.6 50.2 46.0 40.7 34.2 31.1 27.5 62.0 56.5 51.2 44.6 37.7 34.2 30.3
20 51.5 47.2 43.1 38.1 32.2 29.2 25.9 57.9 52.7 47.8 41.5 35.2 31.9 28.2
21 48.5 44.5 40.5 35.8 30.2 27.5 24.5 54.2 49.3 44.6 38.8 32.8 29.8 26.4
22 45.8 42.0 38.1 33.7 28.4 25.8 23.0 50.8 46.2 41.8 36.3 30.7 27.9 24.7
23 43.2 39.5 35.8 31.6 26.7 24.3 21.6 47.6 43.3 39.1 34.0 28.8 26.1 23.1
24 40.8 37.3 33.8 29.9 25.2 22.9 20.3 44.7 40.7 36.8 32.0 27.1 24.5 21.7
25 38.6 35.3 31.9 28.2 23.7 21.6 19.2 42.1 38.4 34.6 30.1 25.4 23.0 20.3
26 36.6 33.3 30.1 26.6 22.4 1 20.4 18.1 39.8 36.1 32.6 28.3 23.9 21.7 19.1
L6.0X6 .0
KL Grade 36.0 ksi 1 Grade 50.0 ksi
(ft) ~1 7/8 1 5/8
3/4 Vie V2 'As 3/8 Vie 1 7/8 3/4 1 5/8 Vie Vz ViB 3/8 Vie
1 61.3 56.2 50.5 44.4 40.6 34.7 29.9 24.2 18.2 84.7 77.5 69.5 57.0 52.1 45.5 37.9 30.0 21.8
2 61.0 55.9 50.3 44.1 40.5 34.5 29.8 24.1 18.2 84.1 77.0 69.0 56.6 51.8 45.2 37.8 29.9 21.7
3 60.3 55.5 49.9 43.7 40.1 34.3 29.6 24.0 18.1 82.9 76.0 68.2 56.1 51.3 44.8 37.5 29.7 21.6
4 59.0 54.3 49.2- 43.3 39.7 33.9 29.3 23.7 17.9 80.5 74.0 67.0 55.2 50.5 44.2 37.0 29.3 21.4
5 57.5 52.9 47.8 42.5 39.1 33.4 29.0 23.5 17.8 77.6 71.4 64.6 54.0 49.6 43.5 36.5 28.9 21.1
6 55.7 51.2 46.3 41.1 38.0 32.8 28.5 23.2 17.6 74.3 68.4 61.7 51.6 47.8 42.4 35.8 28.4 20.9
7 53.6 49.3 44.6 39.6 36.6 31.7 27.9 22.8 17.3 70.6 64.9 58.6 49.1 45.4 40.4 34.8 27.9 20.5
8 51.4 47.2 42.6 37.9 35.0 30.3 26.8 22.3 17.1 66.6 61.1 55.1 46.4 42.8 38.1 33.0 27.2 20.2
9 49.1 45.0 40.6 36.1 33.2 29.0 25.6 21.4 16.7 62.2 57.0 51.4 43.4 39.9 35.7 31.1 25.7 19.7
10 46.4 42.6 38.4 34.1 31.4 27.4 24.3 20.4 16.2 57.4 52.5 47.3 40.0 36.9 33.1 28.9 24.2 18.9
11 43.6 40.0 36.0 32.0 29.4 25.7 22.9 19.2 15.5 52.3 47.8 42.9 36.4 33.5 30.2 26.6 22.4 17.8
12 40.7 37.2 33.4 29.7 27.4 23.9 21.4 18.1 14.6 47.7 43.4 38.9 33.1 30.5 27.4 24.2 20.5 16.5
13 37.5 34.3 30.7 27.3 25.1 22.0 19.7 16.8 13.7 43.5 39.6 35.2 30.1 27.7 24.9 22.1 18.7 15.2
14 34.7 31.7 28.3 25.1 22.9 20.3 18.1 15.4 12.7 39.8 36.2 32.0 27.5 25.2 22.7 20.1 17.1 13.9
15 32.1 29.2 26.1 23.0 21.0 18.7 16.7 14.3 11.8 36.5 33.0 29.2 25.1 22.9 20.6 18.3 15.6 12.9
16 29.7 27.1 24.1 21.2 19.3 17.2 15.4 13.2 10.9 33.6 30.3 26.7 23.0 20.9 18.8 16.7 14.2 11.7
17 27.6 25.0 22.4 19.5 17.8 15.9 14.2 12.1 10.2 30.8 27.8 24.6 21.1 19.2 17.3 15.3 13.0 10.7
18 25.7 23.3 20.7 18.0 16.4 14.7 13.1 11.2 9.4 28.5 25.6 22.6 19.4 17.6 15.9 14.0 12.0 9.9
19 23.9 21.7 19.2 16.8 15.3 13.6 12.2 10.4 8.7 26.3 23.7 20.9 18.0 16.3 14.6 13.0 11.0 9.1
20 8.0 8.4
L5.0X5 .0
KL Gnide
36.0 ksi 1 Grade 50.0 ksi
(ft) 7/8 3/4 5/8 1 V2 1 yi6 1 3/8 Vis 1 7/8 3/4 1 5/8 V2 1 yi6 3/8 Vie
1 42.8 39.1 34.6 29.5 24.6 21.0 16.4 1 59.2 54.0 47.6 37.8 32.9 26.9 20.5
2 42.5 38.8 34.4 29.2 24.4 21.0 16.4 1 58.5 53.5 47.1 37.5 32.6 26.7 20.3
3 41.6 38.2 33.9 28.9 24.2 20.7 16.3 1 56.9 52.3 46.4 36.9 32.1 26.3 20.1
4 40.3 37.1 33.0 28.4 23.7 20.4 16.0 1 54.6 50.2 44.6 36.1 31.4 25.9 19.8
5 38.8 35.6 31.7 27.4 23.2 20.1 15.8 1 51.9 47.7 42.3 34.4 30.4 25.3 19.4
6 37.2 34.1 30.3 26.1 22.2 19.4 15.4 1 48.9 44.7 39.8 32.4 28.7 24.2 18.9
7 35.3 32.4 28.8 24.8 21.1 18.5 14.9 1 45.4 41.6 36.9 1 30.1 26.7 22.6 18.1
8 33.2 30.4 27.0 23.2 19.8 17.4 14.2 1 41.6 38.0 33.6 1 27.5 24.5 20.8 16.8
9 31.0 28.3 25.0 21.6 18.4 16.2 13.3 1 37.4 34.1 30.1 24.7 22.0 19.0 15.5
10 28.6 26.0 23.0 19.7 17.0 14.9 12.3 1 33.5 30.4 26.8 22.1 19.6 17.0 13.9
11 26.0 23.6 20.8 17.9 15.4 13.6 11.2 1 30.1 27.3 23.8 19.7 17.6 15.2 12.5
12 23.6 21.5 18.9 16.0 14.0 12.3 10.2 1 27.1 24.5 21.3 17.6 15.6 13.6 11.2
13 21.6 19.6 17.2 14.5 12.6 11.2 9.3 1 24.5 22.1 19.1 15.8 14.0 12.2 10.1
14 19.8 17.8 15.6 13.2 11.6 10.1 8.5 1 22.2 19.9 17.2 14.2 12.6 11.0 9.1
15 18.2 16.3 14.3 12.0 10.6 9.1 7.7 1 20.2 18.0 15.7 12.9 11.4 9.8 8.2
i 16 16.7 15.0 13.1 11.0 9.7 8.4 7.0 1 18.4 16.5 14.3 11.7 10.4 9.0 7.4

SECOND QUARTER/1991 67
 Allowable Axial Load in Kips (cont.)
L4.0X4.0
KL 1 Grade 36.0 ksi Grade 50.0 ksi
(ft) 3/4 Vs V2 yi6 3/8 V^B V4 1 3/4 5/8 1/2 yi6 3/8 yi6 1/4
1 27.7 24.9 21.6 19.5 17.2 13.7 10.3 1 38.4 34.4 29.7 26.9 22.1 17.6 12.8
2 27.3 24.5 21.4 19.3 17.1 13.6 10.2 1 37.6 33.8 29.3 26.4 21.8 17.4 12.7
3 26.5 23.8 20.8 18.9 16.7 13.4 10.1 1 36.0 32.2 28.3 25.8 21.3 17.0 12.5
4 25.3 22.7 19.9 18.1 16.2 13.0 9.9 1 33.8 30.4 26.5 24.1 20.3 16.5 12.2
5 23.9 21.4 18.7 17.1 15.2 12.4 9.6 1 31.3 28.1 24.5 22.3 18.8 15.5 11.8
6 22.4 20.0 17.5 15.9 14.2 11.6 9.1 1 28.5 25.4 22.2 20.2 17.1 14.1 11.0
7 20.7 18.4 16.1 14.6 13.0 10.6 8.5 25.2 22.5 19.5 17.7 15.1 12.6 10.0
8 18.7 16.7 14.4 13.2 11.7 9.7 7.7 1 22.1 19.6 16.9 15.2 13.1 11.0 8.8
9 16.6 14.8 12.8 11.6 10.3 8.6 7.0 1 19.3 17.1 14.6 13.2 11.4 9.6 7.7
10 14.9 13.2 11.3 10.2 9.0 7.6 6.2 1 17.0 15.0 12.7 11.4 9.9 8.4 6.7
11 13.4 11.8 10.1 9.1 8.0 6.7 5.4 1 15.1 13.2 11.2 10.1 8.7 7.3 5.9
12 12.0 10.5 9.0 8.1 7.1 6.0 4.9 13.5 11.7 9.9 8.9 7.6 6.5 5.2
13 8.1 7.2 6.3 5.4 1 4.3 1 8.8 7.9 6.8 5.7 4.6
L3.5X3.5
KL Grade 36.0 ksi 1 Grade 50.0 ksi
(ft) V2 yi6 3/8 yi6 V4 V2 yie 1 3/8 Vie 1/4
1 17.7 16.1 14.5 11.7 9.3 24.3 22.1 18.6 15.7 11.7
2 17.4 15.8 14.3 11.5 9.1 1 23.8 21.7 18.3 15.5 11.6
3 16.7 15.2 13.8 11.2 8.9 22.5 20.6 17.5 15.0 11.3
4 15.7 14.3 13.0 10.6 8.7 20.7 18.9 16.2 14.0 10.9
5 14.6 13.3 12.1 9.9 8.1 1 18.7 17.0 14.6 12.6 9.9
6 13.3 12.1 11.0 9.1 7.4 16.3 14.9 12.8 11.1 8.8
7 11.9 10.8 9.8 8.1 6.7 1 14.0 12.6 10.9 9.4 7.6
8 10.4 9.4 8.5 7.1 5.9 1 12.0 10.7 9.4 8.1 6.6
9 9.0 8.3 6.2 5.1 1 10.2 9.3 8.1 6.9 5.5
10 8.0 7.2 6.4 5.5 4.5 1 8.9 7.9 7.0 6.0 4.9
11 7.1 6.3 5.6 4.7 3.9 1 7Q 6.9 6.0 5.2 4.2
L3.0X3.0
KL 1 Gra de 36.0 ksi Grade 50.0 ksi
V2 1/4 1
(ft)
1 14.0
yi6
12.8
3/8
11 .6
Vis
10.1
1/4
7.9 1 5.5'/^' 1/2
19.2 17.7
yi6 3/8
15.9
Vie
13.0 10.3
yie
6.9
2 13.5 12.4 11 .3 9.9 7.7 5.4 18.5 17.0 15.4 12.6 10.1 6.8
3 12.8 11.8 10 .7 9.4 7.5 5.3 17.2 15.7 14.3 11.9 9.6 6.5
4 11.8 10.9 9 .9 8.7 7.0 5.1 15.4 14.2 12.8 10.6 8.8 6.2
5 10.8 9.9 8 .9 7.8 6.3 4.7 13.3 12.2 11.1 9.2 7.6 5.5
6 9.5 8.6 7 .8 6.9 5.5 4.1 11.2 10.2 9.2 1.1 6.3 4.7
7 8.1 7.4 6 .7 5.9 4.7 3.6 9.4 8.6 7.6 6.5 5.3 4.0
8 7.0 6.4 5 .7 4.9 4.0 3.1 8.0 7.2 6.4 5.4 4.4 3.3
9 6.0 5.5 4 .9 4.2 3.5 2.6 1 6.8 6.1 5.4 4.6 3.8 2.8
L2.5X2.5
KL G rade 3 6 . 0 ksi 1 Grade 50.0 ksi
(ft) V2 3/8 1 5/16 V4 yi6 1 1/2 3/8 yi6 1/4 yie
1 10.4 8.8 7.7 6.5 4.7 1 14.3 12.1 10.6 8.4 6.0
2 9.8 8.4 7.4 6.3 4.6 1 13.4 11.4 10.1 8.0 5.8
3 9.1 7.8 6.8 5.9 4.4 1 12.1 10.2 9.1 7.2 5.4
4 8.3 6.9 6.1 5.2 3.9 1 10.5 8.7 7.7 6.2 4.7
5 7.2 6.0 5.3 4.5 3.4 1 8.5 7.0 6.2 5.0 3.9
6 6.0 5.0 4.3 3.7 2.8 1 7.0 5.8 4.9 4.1 3.1
7 5.0 4.1 3.6 3.1 2.3 1 5.7 4.6 4.0 3.4 2.5
8 4.3 3.5 1 3.1 2.6 ] 2.0 1 4.8 3.9 3.3 2.7 2.1
L2.0X2.0
KL G rade 36.0 ksi 1 Grade 50.0 ksi
(ft) 3/8 Vie 1/4 Vis VB 1 3/8 yi6 1/4 yi6 1/8
1 6.0 5.4 4.7 3.7 2.2 1 8.3 7.5 6.5 4.8 2.8
2 5.6 5.1 4.4 3.5 2.2 1 7-6 6.8 5.9 4.5 2.7
3 5.0 4.5 3.9 3.1 2.0 1 6.4 5.7 5.0 3.8 2.4
4 4.3 3.8 3.2 2.6 1.7 1 5.1 4.5 3.8 3.0 2.0
5 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.1 1.4 3.9 3.5 3.0 2.3 1.5
1 6 2.8 2.5 1 2.1 1.7 1.1 1 3.1 2.7 2.3 1.8 1.2

68 ENGINEERING JOURNAL/AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION