Perspective and Space

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PERSPECTIVE AND SPACE

Perspective
Deals with the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of
which the eye judges’ spatial relationships. It enables us to perceive distance and to see
the position of objects in space.

Two types of Perspective


 Linear Perspective
Is the representation of an appearance of distance by means of
converging lines. This track of a railroad appears to the viewer as seeming
to rise and meet in the distance

Figure 1 Linear Perspective

Linear perspective has to do with the direction of lines and with the size of
objects. Painters usually show the effect of space and distance by using
converging lines and diminishing size
There are three types of linear perspective:
One-point perspective – use one vanishing point to accomplish the illusion

Figure 1.1 One-Point Linear Perspective


Two-point perspective – uses two vanishing point to create the illusion

Figure 1.2 Two-Point Linear Perspective

Three-point perspective – use three or more vanishing point

 Aerial Perspective
Is the representation of relative distance of objects by gradations of
tone and color. Objects become fainter in the distance due to the effect to
the atmosphere.

Figure 2 Aerial Perspective

Objects appear to be lighter in color and the outline vaguer as they recede
into the distance or into the atmosphere.
Space
In as in architecture, space is of great importance. The exterior of a building is seen
as it appears in space, while the interior is seen by one who is inside an enclosing space.
Painting does not deal with space directly. It represents space only on a two-dimensional
surface.

Figure 3 Space

There are ways an artist can create the illusion of space on a 2-Dimensional surface
Overlapping - occurs when objects that are closer to the viewer prevent the
view of objects that are behind them

Figure 3.1 Overlapping (Space)


Placement on the paper - Objects placed higher within the picture plane will
appear further away.

Figure 3.2
3.1 Placement (Space)

Size - Objects that are smaller will appear further away from the viewer.

Figure 3.3 Size (Space)

Reference:
https://thevirtualinstructor.com/space.html
C. Sanchez, P. Abad and L. Jao, authors. Introduction to the Humanities. Revised
Edition

Prepared by:
Lemuel E. Abanto

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