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Humidity Converter

This document provides equations and constants for calculating air humidity values. It defines variables like vapor pressure, specific humidity, mass mixing ratio, and molecular concentration of water. Equations are given for calculating vapor pressure as a function of temperature, air density as a function of pressure and temperature, relative humidity as a ratio of vapor pressures, and conversions between specific humidity, mass mixing ratio, mole fraction, and mass concentration of water in air. The equations are used in an online air humidity converter tool.

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Leonidas Ioannou
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46 views2 pages

Humidity Converter

This document provides equations and constants for calculating air humidity values. It defines variables like vapor pressure, specific humidity, mass mixing ratio, and molecular concentration of water. Equations are given for calculating vapor pressure as a function of temperature, air density as a function of pressure and temperature, relative humidity as a ratio of vapor pressures, and conversions between specific humidity, mass mixing ratio, mole fraction, and mass concentration of water in air. The equations are used in an online air humidity converter tool.

Uploaded by

Leonidas Ioannou
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Air humidity calculation

http://www.cactus2000.de
Constants:
NL 6.0221415·1023 mol-1 Avogadro constant NIST
R 8.31447215 J mol-1 K-1 Universal gas constant NIST
MH2O 18.01534 g mol-1 molar mass of water
Mdry 28.9644 g mol-1 molar mass of dry air

Variables:
cH2O g m-3 mass concentration of water
[H2O] cm-3 molecular concentration of water
e hPa vapor pressure of water
P hPa pressure
PH2O hPa partial pressure of water
q kg kg-1 specific humidity (mass mixing ratio in wet air)1
mmv kg kg-1 mass mixing ratio in dry air2
nair mol m-3 air density
RH % relative humidity
T C temperature
TD C dew point temperature
xH2O - mole fraction, volume mixing ratio of water 3

Vapor pressure of water:


e=a0T⋅a1T⋅a2 T⋅a3T⋅a4 T⋅a5T⋅a6 
from Lowe, P.R. and J.M. Ficke, 1974: The computation of saturation vapor pressure. Tech.
Paper No. 4-74, Environmental Prediction Research Facility, Naval Postgraduate School,
Monterey, CA, 27 pp.
water ice
a0 6.107799961 6.109177956
a1 4.436518521·10-1 5.034698970·10-1
a2 1.428945805·10-2 1.886013408·10-2
a3 2.650648471·10-4 4.176223716·10-4
a4 3.031240396·10-6 5.824720280·10-6
a5 2.034080948·10-8 4.838803174·10-8
a6 6.136820929·10-11 1.838826904·10-10

e = min (ewater, eice) ,-50 C ≤ Τ ≤ 100 C

1 multiply by 1000 to get 'g kg-1'


2 multiply by 1000 to get 'g kg-1'
3 multiply by 1000 to get 'per mille'

1
Other equations:
P⋅100
Air density: nair =
R⋅T273.15
eT D  P
Relative humidity: RH= ⋅100= H2O⋅100
eT eT
PH2O
Volume mixing ratio: x H2O=
P
x H2O⋅MH2O mmv
Specific humidity: q= , q=
x H2O⋅MH2O1−x H2O ⋅Mdry 1mmv
q
Mass mixing ratio: mmv=
1−q
Mass concentration: cH2O=x H2O⋅n air⋅MH2O
−6
Molecular concentration: [H2 O]=x H2O⋅nair⋅N A⋅10

Cactus2000:
The equations on this sheet are used in the Cactus2000 'Air humidity converter':
http://www.cactus2000.de/uk/unit/masshum.shtml (in English)
http://www.cactus2000.de/de/unit/masshum.shtml (auf deutsch)
http://www.cactus2000.de/fr/unit/masshum.shtml (en français)

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