DESIGN CONSTANTS

HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND LEVEL = 4m

OVERALL HEIGHT (H) = 6m
SAFE BEARING CAPACITY = 307.34 kN/m^2
Ht. of Stem = 5.5 m
Unit weight of soil = 18 kN/m^3
GRADE OF CONCRETE (fck) = 20
GRADE OF STEEL (fy) = 500
ᶲ = 34
µ = 0.5
Ka = 0.283
Kp = 3.535
Surcharge = 20.000 kN/m^2
Density of r.c.c 25.000 kN/m^2
Preliminary Dimensions
Minimum depth of foundation = 1.367 m
Provide Foundation Depth = 2m
Overall Depth = 6m
Base width 0.6H-0.7H
5m
Maximum toe Width = 1.667 m
Provide toe width = 1.8 m
Thickness of base slab = H/15-H/20 0.400
provide thickness of base slab = 0.5 m
Thickness of stem near base =
height of stem (h) = 5.5 m
Pressure at bottom = 33.67 kN/m^2
Maximum B.M = 239.796 kN/m^2
Mu = 359.694 kN/m^2
For Fe 500 steel ( SP 16, P.N. 10) =
Mu = 0.133fckbd^2
therefore d = 367.727 mm
provide effective depth d = 450 mm
cover = 50 mm
provide d = 500 mm
Top Width = 400 mm
Heel width = 2700 mm

Stability Calculation

HORIZONTAL LOAD Considering seismic action

perpendicul
Horizontal load ar distance
Load Type (kN) (m)
Active earth
pressure 91.67 2.00
 Earthquake
Horizontal
force 113.65 3.60
surcharge 33.95 3
Ph= 239.27

Sliding force = 239.270 kN

Overturning Moment = 694.335 kN-m

VERTICAL LOADS

W1 = wt. of rectangular portion of stem, per

metre length.
W2= wt. of triangular portion of stem
W3 = wt. of base slab.
W4 = wt. of soil on heel slab.
W5 = wt due to surcharge

S.No Designation Force(kN)

1 W1 55
2 W2 6.875
3 W3 62.5
4 W4 267.3
5 W5 54
ΣW= 445.675

ΣW.x= Net moment at toe

x= 1.71
eccentricity e = 0.79 <
Max pressure P(max) = 173.422 <
P(min) = 4.848 >
P at junction of stem and toe = 112.735
P at junction of stem and heel = 65.535
F.O.S against overturning 2.099 >
F.O.S against sliding =
Sliding force = 239.270
Resisting force = 222.838
F.O.S = 0.931 <
Hence Shear key is Required
 Design of stem
Pressure at base of stem (P) = 33.667 kN-m^2
h = 5.000
At support Mu = 188.825 kN-m
d = 445.455
At support
Mu/bd^2 = 0.952
pt = 0.245 %
Ast required = 1102.5 mm^2
Ast provided = 1339.733 mm^2
Distribution Steel in stem
Avg. thickness of stem 450 mm
provide minimum 0.12% steel of bD
Ast required 540 mm^2
Ast provided 560.714 mm^2
Check for shear
shear force 110.1462281213
τv 0.220 N/mm2
pt 0.298 %
τc 0.383 N/mm2

τc > τv

=
Design of toe slab =
total downward force = self wt. of toe slab
= 12.5 kN/m
net pressure = 160.922
net pressure at stem toe junction = 100.235
shear force = 235.041
C.G from stem toe junction = 0.970
B.M at C.G = 227.922
Mu = 341.883
Mu/bd^2 = 1.368
pt = 0.353
Ast Required = 1588.5 mm^2
Ast provided = 1674.67 mm^2
Distribution steel =
Provide 12% =
Ast required = 600 mm^2
Ast provided = 654.167 mm^2
Check for Shear =
S.F at Critical Shear = 160.443
τv = 0.32 N/mm^2
pt (required) = 0.35
 pt(provided) = 0.372
τc = 0.42
=
τc > τv

Design of heel slab

Width of Heel 2.7
total downward pressure wt of SOIL+ wt of heel slab+ wt of surcharge
= 355.05
upward soil pressure. = 95.02
acting away from heel stem junction towards
heel = 0.96

Total s.f = 260.03

Bending moment = 387.91
Mu = 581.87
Mu/bd^2 = 2.327
pt = 0.642
τv = 0.578
pt = 0.64
τc = 0.598
=
Ast required = 3210 mm^2
Ast provided = 4088.5417 mm^2
pt (required) = 0.64
pt(provided) = 0.909
Distribution Steel =
Provide pt = 0.12 %
Ast provided = 785 mm^2
=
 Design of shear key
Assume a shear key at a distance of
Shear key, height = 0.3 m
Width = 0.3 m
h1 = 2 m
where 300mm loose soil not considered
h2 = 3.514 m
So,
Passive Pressure, Pp = Cp * density of soil * (h2^2-h1^2)/2
Pp = 265.591 Kn
FOS sliding = 0.9*(F+Pp)/(Pa2 Cos(∞) + Pa1)
FOS sliding = 1.930 >
Ast = 540

Half the main reinforcement of stem are anchored in key = 669.867

Ast provided = 753.6 mm^2

Ast in shear key = 1423.467

 3.6 - 4.2

- 0.3

wl^2/12

smic action

moment (kN-m)

183.33
 409.15
101.85
Mo = 694.33

Moment
perpendicular about
distance from toe toe(kN-
(m) m)
2.1 115.5
1.87 12.83333
2.50 156.25
3.65 975.645
3.65 197.1
MR 1457.33

0.8333333333 SAFE
307.34 SAFE
0 SAFE No tension at base

1.5 SAFE

1.5 NOTSAFE
sp16 pg48

provide 16 dia bars @ 150 c/c

10 dia bars @ 140 c/c

IS:456-2000 pg 73
X1 (known)= 0.25 Y1 (known)= 0.36
X (known)= 0.30 Y (unknown)= 0.38
X2 (known)= 0.50 Y2 (known)= 0.48

net pressure
A B C
173.422 112.735 4.848

16 dia bars @ 120 c/c

10 dia bars @ 120 c/c

 X1 (known)= 0.25 Y1 (known)= 0.36
X (known)= 0.37 Y (unknown)= 0.42
X2 (known)= 0.50 Y2 (known)= 0.48

net pressure
SOIL+ wt of heel slab+ wt of surcharge D B

65.535 4.848

X1 (known)= 0.75 Y1 (known)= 0.56

X (known)= 0.909 Y (unknown)= 0.60
X2 (known)= 1 Y2 (known)= 0.62

25 dia bars @ 120 c/c

10 dia bars @ 100 c/c on lower face

 1.8 m from toem from toe

1.5 Safe

mm2

12 dia bars @ 150 c/c

753.6

mm2 > 540 mm2

OK
 Seismic Force Calculation As per IS:1893-2016 clause 6.2

Horizontal force
Fh= αhWm
αh= βIαo
0.0875
Fh= 78.58638

Vertical force
Fv= αvWm
Fh= 112.2663

Fh = Horizontal seismic force to be resisted

αh = Design horizontal seismic coeff.
Wm = Wt. of mass under consideration ignoring reduction due to buoyancy or up
β= Coeff. Depending upon the soil-foundation system
I= Importance factor
αo = horizontal seismic coeff.
αv = Design vertical seismic coeff.
Z 0.36
I 1.5
R 3
Sa/g = 0.42
= 0.42

Ah = 0.0378
0.036871 0.038777

Av = 0.0252

λ 2.1 2.21 take maximum 2.21

α 0
i 0
 δ 17.33
φ 34

1+Av= 1.0252
1-Av= 0.9748

cos^2(φ-λ-α)= 0.7225
cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 0.9417
sin(φ+δ)sin(φ-i-λ)= 0.4113
cos(α-i)cos(δ+α+λ)= 0.9424

1+Av*cos^2(φ-λ-α)/cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 0.7865
1-Av*cos^2(φ-λ-α)/cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 0.7479
((1/(1+sqrt((sin(φ+δ)sin(φ-i-λ)/cos(α-i)cos(δ+α+λ)))^2 0.3626

Ca= 0.2852
Ca= 2.0624

take maximum
Ca= 2.0624

cos^2(φ+λ-α)= 0.7225
cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 0.9417
sin(φ-δ)sin(φ+i-λ)= 0.1511
cos(α-i)cos(δ-α+λ)= 0.9424

1+Av*cos^2(φ-λ-α)/cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 0.787
1-Av*cos^2(φ-λ-α)/cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 0.748
((1/(1+sqrt((sin(φ+δ)sin(φ-i-λ)/cos(α-i)cos(δ+α+λ)))^2 0.510

Cp= 1.542573
Cp= 1.466738

take minimum
Cp= 1.466738

Dynamic earth pressure= 296.985

Dynamic passive pressure= 528.026

net seismic acting 113.653

eduction due to buoyancy or uplif
degree radians
2.21 0.0386 0.999256201
0 0.0000 1.00
0 0.0000 1.00
 17.33 0.3025 0.955
34 0.5934 0.829

cosα 1
cos(α-i) 1
 ANNEXURE FOR WIND FORCE

Basic wind speed is considered as 55 m/s as Fig-1 of IS 875 (Part 3).

Design wind speed: (As per Cl. 5.3, of IS: 875)

Vz = Vb k1 k2 k3

Where,

Vz = Design wind speed at any height z in m/s;

Vb = Basic wind speed = 55 m/s

k1 = Probability factor (Risk co-efficient) = 1

(From Table 1, for power plant structures)

k2 = Terrain, height and structure size factor = As given in the table

(From Table 2, for Terrain Category 2,
Class A)

k3 = Topography factor = 1.0

(From Cl. 5.3.3.1, considering ground
slop less than 3°)

Design wind pressure, Pz = 0.6 Vz²

Where,

Pz = Design wind pressure in N/m² at height z.

Vz = Desing wind velocity in m/s at height z.

WIND PRESSURE ON VARIOUS COMPONENTS ON THE EXPOSED AREA:

[Exposed area means effective frontal area ‘Ae’ as indicated in Cl. 6.3; IS: 875 (Part 3)]

The wind force on that particular component shall be obtained by multiplying the frontal area ‘Ae’ of that
component with the respective wind pressure values as below:

Wind Pressure based on height of structure:

(Without force co-efficient)

The co-efficient shall be as per Table-4, IS: 875 (Part 3) based on the H/B ratio.

Vz Pz Pz
Height (m) k2
(m/s) (N/m²) (kg/m²)

Upto 10m 0.91 50.05 1503 151

Horizontal load due to wind on boundary wall

Height of boundary wall = 5 m

thickness of boundary wa= 0.40 m
length of boundary wall = 1 m
b/h = 0.2

Cf = 1.2

F = Cf*A*Pz = 1.2x2.5x1x1.51
= 9.06 KN

Vertical load of boundary wall

= .23x25x2.5
= 14.4 KN