Best Practices of City Anti-Drugs Abuse Council (Cadac) As Community-Based Approach in Drug-Cleared City of Tagaytay, Cavite
Best Practices of City Anti-Drugs Abuse Council (Cadac) As Community-Based Approach in Drug-Cleared City of Tagaytay, Cavite
Best Practices of City Anti-Drugs Abuse Council (Cadac) As Community-Based Approach in Drug-Cleared City of Tagaytay, Cavite
INTRODUCTION
Institute on Drugs Abuse, 2007). The world‘s drug problem not only affects the
physical and mental health of individuals who consume drugs, but also deteriorates
families and societies, therefore generating poverty and hunger. Also limits the access
Nations, 2008). The focus of many countries has been for years, on the fight to control
Elliot, Csete, Wood and Kerr (2005) pointed out the huge problem that exists
due to the link between consumption of illegal drugs and the violation of human rights
caused by policies against illicit drugs. According to 2018 world drug report, there
were an estimated 275 million users representing a growth rate of 32.2 % around the
globe (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2018). Stares (2011) affirms that
the main causes of increases in consumption of illicit drugs is growth in the world‘s
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population and globalization. In addition, the availability and accessibility, low prices,
weak or absent of formal and informal social controls to facilitate drug consumption.
Currently, implemented drug control policies in the world have its basic
foundations on more informal controls utilized throughout history. During the 17th
century the use of tobacco and alcohol was prohibited in countries such as Russia,
Germany and England (Szasz, 1975). In fact, in 1961 the penalty for smoking tobacco
in Germany was death. The 18th century brought even more prohibition towards
drugs. In 1792 the first prohibitory laws against opium in China was promulgated,
punishing opium storage with strangulation. The current system of global drug control
Narcotic Drugs, the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic substances, and the 1988
Bewley-Taylor (2003) consider that the conventions are major limitations to the
that on the contrary promote unrealistic goals such as the complete eradication of all
illegal drugs in the world. However, with the multiple efforts to fight against the
production and consumption of drugs around the world the illicit drugs continues to
In the Philippines, despite the harsh crackdown from the authorities, use of
illegal drugs continues unabated. Philippines drug problems have two particular
patterns: (1) The number of drug dependent that are steadily increasing, (2) the lack of
support from the community. In the 2016 Survey, it shows that 4.8 million Filipinos
aged 10-69 years old used illegal drugs at least once of their lives (Dangerous Drugs
Board, 2016). This number shows how rampant illegal drug trade in the country and
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an easy access to drugs as well as the factors of poverty, family, peer influences and
environment condition.
contemporary issues and their program objectives and strategies can be effective at
addressing the drug problems (Portney, 2003). Local governments’ programs strategy
and organizations to behave in more productive ways (Borck and Coglianese, 2009).
that span a variety of community issues (Berry and Portney, 2013). However, these
programs differ significantly in their design features. For instance, local governments
have given uneven consideration of the drug-related issues that needed to address in
their programs strategies (Svara, 2011). In other instances, some local governments
have chosen to adopt programs strategies that heavily depend on a few types of policy
instruments.
Despite increasing scholarly attention, there are at two gaps in examining local
governments, program objectives and strategies (Ji, 2016). Prior research assessing
local governments’ programs strategies has assumed that local governments with
more drug related programs are more likely to improve the community than local
governments with fewer programs (Berry and Portney, 2013; Swann, 2016).
However, local governments with the same number of drug related programs may
design their programs very differently (Dupuis and Biesbroek, 2013). Understanding
strategy and may offer more a more accurate way to estimate their community
performance outcomes. A second research gap is that prior research has not identified
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the factors that influence local governments to design their programs strategies
(Bae and Feiock, 2013) either local governments adopt a particular program or not
(Sharp, Daley, and Lynch, 2010). In other instances, they have assessed how many
drug related programs that local governments adopt (Hawkins, Krause, Feiock and
Curley, 2016) as part of their overall programs strategy. However, varying degrees of
not a local government chooses to adopt the practices. They are also likely to
political power are the ones who are capable of mobilizing people (Joffres, 2002).
this context that the City Mayor role as speaker for both the government and the
various anti-drug councils from the national level until the lowest political unit or the
barangay level to be the forefront in the campaign against the drug problems since the
to conduct information education programs and monitor and evaluate the Barangay
Interior and Local Government (DILG) aimed at organizing barangay officials and
other stakeholders as first line of defense in combating drug related crimes. BADAC’s
and control at the same time given the political and police powers of the barangay to
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administer the affairs of the community to accelerate efforts against the proliferation
many type of drug abuse problems in the country in variety approach to provide
as the most viable way of reducing the risk of illegal drug use. As such, these
prevention strategies have received substantial support from both the public and
approaches hold a great deal of promise because they endeavor to address the social
context and environmental conditions that contribute to and sustain illegal drugs
drug treatment will enable people with drug-related problems to have improved
access to a range of quality services from education, information and drug counseling,
to assistance in stopping or reducing drug use and avoiding the harmful health and
Moreover, Higginson (2008) as reported, if others are doing well, people tend
to be interested in what they are doing and how they're doing it, so that they can be
successful too. Sharing best practices is a key part attributing to the success of any
organization. Similar to the old saying, Learn from other's mistakes, it's important to
learn from individual experiences. In real life it's much easier and more effective to
learn from the experiences, mistakes and successes of others. It also enables other
and community best practices to address and reduce the current drug epidemic
(Hangrove, Bunn and Slavova, 2018). However, some of the barriers in implementing
often cite when attempting to implement best practices programs is finding user-
friendly guidelines for how to do so successfully (Ragin et al., 2004). To realize the
to best practices and ask community what they want and need (Perkins, 2008).
Moreover, best practices are only useful if they are put into practice.
an organizational structure for building and sustaining one or more programs (Baptise,
Blachman, et al., 2007). However, there are gaps observed with the best practices of
the programs as if they were only relying on the implementation of the programs and
information would help not only the institutions, but also external agencies and
Therefore, this study aims to assess the best practices of City Anti-Drugs
Abuse Council in Tagaytay City, Cavite to improve and maintain the programs and
understanding why some local governments’ program strategies against drugs are
more efficacious than others. In line with this the information obtained in this study is
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assist them in developing and formulating a drug awareness and prevention programs
in other city.
In general, this study was conducted to assess the best practices of city anti-
drugs abuse council officials and selected residents on the best practices of city
anti-drugs abuse council officials and selected residents on the best practices of
city anti-drugs abuse council community based drug cleared operation in Tagaytay
3. What are the problems encountered on city anti-drugs abuse council community
4. What are the possible solutions on the problems encountered on city anti-drugs
abuse council community based drug cleared operation in Tagaytay City in terms of:
drugs abuse council officials and selected residents on the best practices of city
anti-drugs abuse council officials and selected residents on the best practices of
Program objectives
Program strategies
Program resources
Possible
Level of Level of Problems Solutions to
Awareness Implementation Encountered Address the
Problems
The first step is to determine the level of awareness of City Anti-Drugs abuse
council through objectives, strategies and resources of the programs. Second step
render the level of implementation by the city anti-drugs abuse council. Third depicts
the problems encountered in best practices of city anti-drugs abuse council. Fourth,
indicates the possible solutions to the problems identified thus, also provide a baseline
objectives, program strategies and program resources. Each step has a direct
way possible to help the community in generating full understanding of the problem
Tagaytay Police Force would conceive other ways to improve present drug
prevention programs and make it more strong and efficient in community safety,
The Community particularly those who are vulnerable to drugs will become
aware and will encouraged to get involved in the activities concerned with the
take away and suppress the dangerous drugs and its users by different programs.
this study can serve as basis and references if they are planning to conduct similar
study.
This study aims to assess the best practices of CADAC in Tagaytay City,
This study does not focus on drug related issues such as drug testing programs
in schools and workplaces. Also, the program operations by CADAC are not included
due to confidentiality.
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personal and sensitive information and other questions that are not related to the topic.
The study was conducted in the City of Tagaytay, Cavite from October 2018
to May 2019.
Definition of Terms
For purposes of clearer and better understanding, the following terms were
operationally defined.
Barangay. Refers to the recipient of the anti-drugs abuse council and headed
by a Chairperson.
characteristic in common.
taken into the human body brings about physical, emotional or behavioural changes in
Drug Abuse. Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, is a patterned use of
a substance in which the user consumes the substance in amounts or with methods
to drug clearing operation and declared free from any illegal drug activities pursuant
variable intensity, in which the use of psychoactive drug takes on a high priority
thereby involving among others, a strong desire or sense of compulsion to take the
Pusher. Any person who sells, trades, administers, dispenses, delivers or gives
dangerous drugs or who act as a broker in any of such transactions, in violation of the
RA 9165.
9165.
the prohibition of illegal drugs and regulating and enforcing access to legal drugs and
substances, particularly those that are high of probability for abuse, including
understanding, learning and remembering that help the patient adjust attitudes and
This chapter presents related studies and literature from different sources
which provided the researchers with necessary background and knowledge of the
Best Practices
The term best practice is an important step for identifying practices for
organizations. Definitions were different, yet similar themes can be seen. The first
theme is that best practices improve or enhance project performance. Second, best
practices are proven through research or by peer organizations. Finally, best practices
must consistently provide results when used as intended (Bosfield, 2014). The
Hackett group (2013) also has a specific list of characteristics a practice must satisfy
to be considered best. A practice must be: (1) aligns with strategy; (2) reduces costs;
(3) improves productivity; (4) promotes timely execution; (5) enables better decision
making; (6) utilizes existing resources; (7) ensures acceptable levels of control and
risk management; (8) optimizes the skills and capabilities of the organization; and (9)
The term best practices has been used in management, computer software
development (Ambler and Lines, 2012), and health care (Frampton and Charmel,
2008) to describe practices that work and have consistently been shown to be
of practice and research, meaning they are both useful and tested in practice. To put it
simply, they are practices that are solid, reputable and a state-of-the-art work in a field
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(Zemelman et al., 1998). Despite this commonality, there are different formulations
of best practices.
The term best practices for some disciplines is to standardize the field,
problematic when best practices are reduced to a list from which practitioners can
pick and choose, because a fixed list ignores the fact that best practices are dynamic
and ever-changing. It is also often fail to account for the circumstances of practice as
not every practice is appropriate for every context nor implementing the same every
Best practices refer to those that are applied by the best organizations
operating in similar conditions and pursuing similar goals (Wagner, 2009). They are
comparable organizations are better, how they have become the best in their sector or
region and then take advantage and implement the necessary changes to improve
standard-operating method that produces the best performance and results. Having an
enterprising culture that embraces the sharing of best practices can quickly enact new
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processes or programs that can help improve internal processes and service to
community.
recognition of best practice that seeks to promote and showcase outstanding practice
by the public sector organizations. That provides an opportunity for every local
government to share and learn from other’s experience (DAP, 2018). The notion
of best practices gained widespread appeal in 2005 with the development of the
2002). Awareness, an understanding of what others are doing, is critical for successful
level awareness of the status of the programs objectives, strategies and resources,
there are many other types of awareness; (1) presence awareness refers to the
presence status of other collaborators (Milewski and Smith, 2000), including elements
awareness refers to the knowledge about others’ interaction with the workspace
(Gutwin et al., 1996); (3) social awareness concerns the interests, opinions, and
emotional state of group members (Calefato et al., 2011); (4) project awareness
concerns the awareness of the overall project progress as well as the actions of the
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teammates (Anderson and Bouvin, 2000) and (5) Group-structural awareness involves
programs strategies (Rossi, Freeman, and Lipsey, 2004). Program evaluations are
important because they help in the design of valuable and effective programs.
Programs that can prove their effectiveness have a much higher likelihood of
terminated. This method of evaluation helps a program define the population they are
serving, the problem being addressed, the goals and objectives in place to address that
problem and if the program practices are appropriate for meeting the goals and
determine what services are being provided, to whom, when, how often, and in what
dimensions". Within this definition, "a specified set of activities" refers to a plan for
practices is a complex process with many stages to manage and requires a level of
procedures formulated during the beginning stages of the change process and
plan for the intended change initiative. Often organizations, including schools, stop at
this stage of the process and fail to implement the desired change (Kotter, 2007).
practices, and structures put in place to support the implementation of the change
adopting new standard operating procedures that align with the change initiative and
continually monitoring progress (Fixsen et al., 2005). The difference between process
manner in which the procedures and processes are monitored and, if necessary,
society. Tensions are generated between and within four components of the
implementing process: (1) idealized policy; (2) implementing organization; (3) target
group and (4) environmental factors (Smith, 2012). The tensions result in transaction
patterns which may or may not match the expectations of outcome of the programs
objectives. The transaction patterns may become vital into institutions. Both the
transaction patterns and the institutions may generate tensions which, by feedback to
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making moving through the following stages: (1) setting goals and objectives; (2)
identifying options; (3) evaluating and choosing practices; (4) applying the plan and
(5) revising the plan as required. The most important of the implementation stage of
the strategies process was clearly demonstrated in the study of Pressman and
Wildavsky (1973), which shows a large disparity between plan objectives and
coordinating the large number of activities, competing interests, and diverse agencies
Program resources are defined as the degree to which a program has sufficient
program. Program success can be determined by looking at the agencies goals and
program. But this highlights only the importance of having well developed goals and
these goals and objectives are unclear. Programs resources best practices are essential
for any organization as these practices are well known for the effective function of
2011). Also, researchers started studying these practices, analyzing them and
At times the term best practice is overused, making it difficult to identify and
implement relevant practices. Shull and Turner (2005) recognized this problem when
practices are actually disciplines or ‘what to dos’ not specific enough to really
implement”.
despite the availability of such resources for the local government, organizations
continue to inconsistently implement and use these practices. There are multiple
reasons for usage inconsistency: (1) not all best practices are applicable to every
programs, project type or organization, and they are not universally applied within
that leads to inconsistent implementation and use of best practices; (3) best practice
management processes within organizations are not effective and (4) Fragmentation
across the organization with no central location to find such resources (Bosfield,
2014).
discussed prior to the consideration and review of agencies objectives (Mitra, 2010).
requires considerable effort and support from others within that program in
The use of so-called best practices may lure leaders into a false
passionate about its success and have a clear vision of its purpose (Kaniuka, 2012).
effectiveness (Thorton et al., 2002). Both initial and ongoing evaluation is needed to
help a program determine if they are effectively following best Practices for drug
related prevention, and if the program has effectively reached their goals and
objectives. Studies show that often programs are tempted to skip this step because
they lack the resources or knowledge of how to effectively measure and evaluate their
Community-Based Approach
lead to an expanded understanding of drug abuse, both within the community and
society. Their role, however, has taken on new meaning given a recently developed,
participation.
As cited in Guidance for community-based treatment and care service for drug
illicit drug use, known as the community-based approach that will respond with effort
for the country as a whole. Supply reduction, demand reduction and law enforcement
Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2008). According to World Health Organization
approach is to ensure a holistic approach to treatment and care of drug users. There
not sending drug users away and out of sight, helps the community to understand the
process and that will help reduce stigma and discrimination against drug users.
objective is the "resocialization" of the individual with help of the community and
active components of treatment including other residents, staff and the social context
damaging beliefs, self-concept and destructive patterns of behavior and adopt new,
more harmonious and constructive ways to interact with others (National Institute on
METHODOLOGY
This chapter describes how the present study was conducted. It provides
processes involved in arriving at the research findings and conclusion. It includes the
research design, participants of the study, sources of data, research instrument, data
Research Design
This study aims to assess the best practices of city anti-drugs abuse council in
Tagaytay City, Cavite to improve and maintain the programs and strategies
implemented.
Descriptive research method was use in presenting and analyzing the topics or
issues from the data gather. Ethridge (2004) defined descriptive research may be
characterised as simply the attempt to determine, describe or identify what is. Also, it
There were two sets of participants in this study with a total of 278. The first
set was composed of 53 selected city anti-drugs abuse council members and barangay
anti-drugs abuse council officials provided by the city of Tagaytay, Cavite. On the
other hand, the second set of participants was composed of 225 selected residents of
Tagaytay City who were familiar in the program objectives, strategies and resources
Sampling Technique
in selecting the CADAC members, BADAC officials and residents of Tagaytay City,
researcher relies on his or her own judgment when choosing members of population
to participate in the study. In this sampling procedure, researchers often believe that
they can obtain a representative sample by using a sound judgment, which will result
in saving time and money (Black, 2010) .While, convenience random sampling is a
(Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2012). Thus, these techniques can be very useful;
where members of the target population meet certain practical criteria, such as easy
participate are included for the purpose of the study. The sample was selected because
of their convenient accessibility and proximity to the researchers. Since, only those
implementers of the best practices provided by CADAC and its selected residents who
Sources of Data
To gather the needed data the following was employed. Primary data source
was obtained from surveys of the participants. The self-made questionnaire was the
primary source of data. It contains questions that were stated in the problem. The
Secondary data source provided support to the findings of the study and aid in
Research Instrument
This study aims to assess the best practices of city anti-drugs abuse council in
Tagaytay City, Cavite to improve and maintain the programs and strategies
implemented.
A self-made questionnaire was the main gathering tools of this study. After a
set of instructions and reminders, the researchers had set down the questions for the
survey proper. The data was divided into three parts. First part will determine the
City, Cavite; the second part identifies the problems encountered on city anti-drugs
abuse council community based drug cleared operation in Tagaytay City and the third
the content of the research, to associate the results and to meet the necessary
objectives present in the study. Pretesting and revision of the questionnaire was done
to improve the choice of words and sentence construction, check the validity and
and procedure researchers cannot reach any conclusion. A letter of request was given
to the Mayor of Tagaytay for the permission to conduct the study. Upon approval
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signing of consent form followed the facilitation and the voluntary participation of the
abuse council members, selected barangay ant-drugs abuse council officials and
selected residents of Tagaytay, Cavite. Data collection was done during the
participant’s free time and availability. They were also given enough time to answer
the first set of survey questionnaire wherein the researchers will assures that necessary
information was protected and kept confidential. The questionnaires were collected
from the respondents a day after the distribution to ensure that the questionnaires will
not be misplaced. This will served as the basis to formulate another set of questions to
attain the solutions to address the problems encountered on the practices provided by
the city anti-drugs abuse council. Same set of participants shall answer the second set
discuss in detail about their study and explain about the nature and purpose of the
study. The data collected were subjected for statistical treatment and analysis.
abuse council officials and selected residents of Tagaytay City on the best practices of
city anti-drugs abuse council community based drug cleared operation in Tagaytay
City in terms of program objectives, program strategies and program resources, mean
objectives, program strategies and program resources, frequency and percentage was
also utilized.
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This chapter contains the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of the data
gathered. The data were tabulated for discussion. In depth analysis and interpretation
Table 1 shows the Level of awareness on the best practices of city anti-drugs
abuse council community based drug cleared operation in Tagaytay City in terms of
For City and Barangay anti-drugs abuse council Officials, program objectives
got the total mean score of 3.66 with interpretation of “high level of awareness”.
Indicator five (provides an after-care services for the drug related persons such as;
counselling and livelihood programs) had the highest mean score of 3.70 with
For residents indicator four (give an emphasis to the role of parents and
children in the anti-drug campaign) obtained the highest mean score of 3.86 with
interpretation of high level of awareness. It implies that city anti-drugs abuse council
program objectives, gives a significant emphasis to the important role of the parents
and children in the anti-drug campaign. In fact, the rationale behind including the
family in drug education programs is the idea that when positive, nurturing
relationships are established between parents and their children, this bond can
continue to positively influence development into teen years. When a family life does
not foster positive bonds, teens are more susceptible to high-risk behaviors such as
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substance abuse, why it is important to involve the parents in the drug education
On the other hand, for residents, indicator for program objectives got the total
drug pushers and users with the mean of 3.60 for city anti-drugs abuse council
officials and 3.70 for residents with interpretation of high level of awareness. While
they gave highest agreement on all program objectives indicators with mean score
3.76 and interpretation of high level of awareness. Thus, it is evident that the program
Table 1. Level of awareness on the best practices of city anti-drugs abuse council
objectives as perceived by city and barangay anti-drugs abuse council officials and
residents
OFFICIALS RESIDENTS
INDICATORS
MEAN MEAN
Awareness on Program SCORE
INTERPRETATION
SCORE
INTERPRETATION
Objectives:
1. Conduct a drug 3.66 High Level of 3.78 High Level of
prevention and control Awareness Awareness
seminars to all stakeholders
in the barangay.
2. Implement sustainable 3.60 High Level of 3.70 High Level of
livelihood projects as a Awareness Awareness
reintegration program to
former drug pushers and
users.
3. Conduct an advocacy 3.64 High Level of 3.75 High Level of
and/or preventive education Awareness Awareness
programs.
4. Give an emphasis to the 3.68 High Level of 3.86 High Level of
role of parents and children Awareness Awareness
in the anti-drug campaign.
Table 2 shows the level of awareness on the best practices of city anti-drugs
abuse council community based drug cleared operation in Tagaytay City in terms of
For city and barangay anti-drugs abuse council officials, program strategies
got the total mean score of 3.54 with interpretation of high level of awareness.
Among the indicators, indicator one (peer groups against drugs program)
obtained the highest mean score of 3.57 with interpretation of high level of awareness.
Peer groups against drugs were employed by the City anti-drugs abuse council. As its
teens reduce substance abuse and improve their psychological health. While the least
observed was the indicator two (proper procedure and identification process in the
initial contact of persons related to illegal drugs) having a mean of 3.47 with
On the other hand, Residents observed the proper procedure and identification
process in the initial contact of persons related to illegal drugs. Hence it gained the
highest mean score of 3.78 with interpretation of high level of awareness. The
residents obtained the total highest mean 3.74 with interpretation of high level of
of Mental health Services (2012), even there are complexities of drug problems as the
community-based approach explained, by not sending drug users away and out of
sight, it helps the community to understand the process and that will help reduce
34
stigma and discrimination against drug users. However the residents least observed
was the indicator one (peer groups against drugs program) having a mean of 3.71 with
Table 2. Level of awareness on the best practices of city anti-drugs abuse council
strategies as perceived by city and barangay anti-drugs abuse council officials and
residents
OFFICIALS RESIDENTS
INDICATORS
MEAN MEAN
Awareness on Program SCORE
INTERPRETATION
SCORE
INTERPRETATION
Strategies:
1. Peer groups against drugs 3.57 High Level of 3.71 High Level of
program. Awareness Awareness
2. Proper procedure and 3.47 High Level of 3.78 High Level of
identification process in the Awareness Awareness
initial contact of persons
related to illegal drugs.
3. Observance of the drug 3.55 High Level of 3.74 High Level of
abuse prevention and Awareness Awareness
control week.
4. Improvement in the 3.55 High Level of 3.76 High Level of
processing of rehabilitation Awareness Awareness
of drug personalities.
Table 3 shows the level of awareness on the best practices of city anti-drugs
abuse council community based drug cleared operation in Tagaytay City in terms of
For city and barangay anti-drugs abuse council officials, program resources
got the total mean score of 3.45 with interpretation of high level of awareness.
Indicator five (coordinates with local government unit for logistical assistance
in the conduct of anti-illegal drug programs) obtained the highest mean score of 3.53
unit for logistical assistance in the conduct of anti-illegal drug programs is observed
by the City anti-drugs abuse council officials. It was further supported by such
not only across multiple departments within a government (Krause, & Hawkins,
2016), but also across community members, the private and non-profit sectors (Sharp
et al., 2010), which is more time intensive and costly than taking a less holistic
approach.
Likewise, for residents they were also observed coordination with local
government unit for logistical assistance in the conduct of anti-illegal drug programs
gained highest mean score of 3.78 with interpretation of high level of awareness. The
residents, program resources obtained the total highest mean 3.68 with interpretation
of high level of awareness. While the least observed for both participants was the
indicator one (provide adequate and sustainable financial and technical support and
programs) having mean of 3.34 for city anti-drugs abuse council and 3.61 for
Table 3. Level of awareness on the best practices of city anti-drugs abuse council
strategies as perceived by city and barangay anti-drugs abuse council officials and
residents
OFFICIALS RESIDENTS
INDICATORS
MEAN MEAN
Awareness on Program SCORE
INTERPRETATION
SCORE
INTERPRETATION
Resources:
1. Provide adequate and 3.34 High Level of 3.61 High Level of
sustainable financial and Awareness Awareness
technical support and
strengthen the LGU’s and
community partners in the
implementation of anti-
drugs programs.
2. Implement sustainable 3.47 High Level of 3.68 High Level of
support projects such as Awareness Awareness
sports, religious,
community service and
other social activities social
activities.
3. Maximize reporting 3.43 High Level of 3.67 High Level of
platform to support Awareness Awareness
monitoring and evaluation
system.
4. Implement community- 3.47 High Level of 3.66 High Level of
based prevention and Awareness Awareness
treatment or community-
based rehabilitation
programs.
Table 4 shows the level of implementation on the best practices of city anti-
drugs abuse council community based drug cleared operation in Tagaytay City in
For city and barangay anti-drugs abuse council officials, program objectives
got the total mean score of 3.55 with interpretation of “highly implemented”.
actions in drug related activities) obtained the highest mean score of 3.62 with
validation of experts in the field of public service, with different indicators used in the
study.
On the other hand, for residents indicator one (conduct information drive and
drugs program) gained highest mean score of 3.84 with interpretation of highly
implemented. The residents, program objectives obtained the total highest mean 3.75
Regulation No. 03 (2017) by the Dangerous Drugs Board that mandates all city anti-
drugs abuse council in every local government unit shall render assistance to the
coordinating law enforcement agencies in the eradication of illegal drugs. They are
While the least implemented according to both participants was the indicator
five (provide a monthly written report for formulation of possible programs) having a
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mean of 3.49 for city anti-drugs abuse council and 3.69 for residents with both
OFFICIALS RESIDENTS
INDICATORS
MEAN MEAN
Implementation on SCORE
INTERPRETATION
SCORE
INTERPRETATION
Program Objectives:
1. Conduct information 3.58 Highly 3.84 Highly
drive and educational Implemented Implemented
campaign provided by
collaborating agency
responsible for anti-illegal
drugs program.
2. Sustains coordination 3.62 Highly 3.80 Highly
with concerned government Implemented Implemented
agencies in actions in drug
related activities.
3. Employ drug prevention 3.53 Highly 3.82 Highly
program within the area. Implemented Implemented
4. Education about rules 3.57 Highly 3.71 Highly
and regulation of Implemented Implemented
conducting drug related
programs.
Table 5 shows the level of implementation on the best practices of city anti-
drugs abuse council community based drug cleared operation in Tagaytay City in
For city and barangay anti-drugs abuse council officials, program resources
got the total mean score of 3.48 with interpretation of highly implemented.
Among indicators, both indicator two and three (reduce the consumers’
demand for drugs and substances through wide awareness about bad effects of drugs
encouraging voluntary treatment and rehabilitation) obtained the highest mean score
of 3.53 with interpretation of highly implemented. The reduce the consumers’ demand
for drugs and substances through wide awareness about bad effects of drugs in
locality was the primary function of city anti-drugs abuse council with the
for community-based treatment and care service for drug users in Southeast Asia,
there is strategic approach currently undertaken to combat illicit drug use, known as
the community-based approach that will respond with effort for the country as a
whole. Supply reduction, demand reduction and law enforcement with community as
an element are the strategic approach to be provided (United Nations Office on Drugs
and implement programs) gained highest mean score of 3.79 with interpretation of
highly implemented. The residents obtained the total highest mean 3.76 with
While the least implemented according to city anti-drugs abuse council was
the indicator five (conduct surveys to determine the magnitude of drug abuse problem
as basis for formulation of policies and drug abuse prevention programs) having a
mean of 3.40 with interpretation of highly implemented. For the residents they
education collaterals materials including flyers, brochure, comics and posters) and
five (conduct surveys to determine the magnitude of drug abuse problem as basis for
OFFICIALS RESIDENTS
INDICATORS
MEAN MEAN
Implementation on SCORE
INTERPRETATION
SCORE
INTERPRETATION
Program Strategies:
1. Production of 3.45 Highly 3.74 Highly
information-education Implemented Implemented
collaterals materials
including flyers, brochure,
comics and posters.
2. Reduce the consumers’ 3.53 Highly 3.76 Highly
demand for drugs and Implemented Implemented
substances through wide
awareness about bad effects
of drugs in locality.
3. Adopts a compassionate 3.53 Highly 3.77 Highly
approach to the victims of Implemented Implemented
drug use by encouraging
voluntary treatment and
rehabilitation.
4. Encourage other 3.47 Highly 3.79 Highly
collaborating agencies to Implemented Implemented
make and implement
programs.
Table 6 shows the level of implementation on the best practices of city anti-
drugs abuse council community based drug cleared operation in Tagaytay City in
For city and barangay anti-drugs abuse council officials, program resources
got the total mean score of 3.58 with interpretation of highly implemented.
For residents, indicator one (utilization of force multiplier in the strategies and
programs implemented by the city) gained highest mean score of 3.77 with
interpretation of highly implemented. The residents obtained the total highest mean
Department of Interior and Local Government (2015) MC No. 2015-063 which shall
render an organize auxiliary team and with basic knowledge against street level illegal
While for both participants they observed the least implemented was the
indicator two (offer developmental programs to equip city anti-drug abuse Council
personnel with similar skills and knowledge) having a mean of 3.47 for city anti-drug
abuse council officials and 3.68 for residents with both interpretation of highly
implemented.
44
OFFICIALS RESIDENTS
INDICATORS
MEAN MEAN
Implementation on SCORE
INTERPRETATION
SCORE
INTERPRETATION
Program Resources:
1. Utilization of force 3.55 Highly 3.77 Highly
multiplier in the strategies Implemented Implemented
and programs implemented
by the city.
2. Offer developmental 3.47 Highly 3.68 Highly
programs to equip City Implemented Implemented
Anti-Drug Abuse Council
personnel with similar skills
and knowledge.
3. Coordinates with partner 3.68 Highly 3.71 Highly
Non-Governmental Implemented Implemented
Organization for
implementation of
programs related to drug
prevention.
4. Maintains good rapport 3.66 Highly 3.72 Highly
with local police unit to Implemented Implemented
strengthen support from the
campaigns against illegal
drug activities.
incidence with 46 percent ranking as the most experienced problem while, the
least problem was the weak capacity of local government units to provide services
for drug control with 5.4 percent. This implies that even there was an effective
drug control programs provided by the local government some members of anti-
drugs abuse council were not efficient in giving response in drug related
incidence. However, the local government unit of Tagaytay was effective and the
Table 7. Shows the frequency and percentile distribution of the participants on the
PARTICIPANTS
PROBLEMS
ENCOUNTERED FREQUENCY PERCENT RANKING
Program Objectives
1. Inadequate capabilities of 129 46.4 1
city anti-drugs abuse council
members in response to drug
related incidence.
2. Failure to have the public a 98 35.3 2
strong grasp of information.
3. Weak capacity of local 15 5.4 7
government units to provide
services for drug control.
33 11.9 5
4. Lack of access to holistic
treatment modalities.
5. Lack of trainings on drug 27 9.7 6
education and information
programs.
6. Weak coordination with 35 12.6 4
other institutions
implementing programs and
projects on drug-abuse
prevention.
72 25.9 3
7. Poor practices on the
implementation of anti-illegal
drugs programs.
strategies. 58 of the participants or 20.9 percent revealed that there was lack of
funds for research that will help for formulation of programs. It appears that
prevention programs. While the least problem encountered was the weak
47
frequency.
Table 8. Shows the frequency and percentile distribution of the participants on the
PROBLEMS PARTICIPANTS
ENCOUNTERED FREQUENCY PERCENT RANKING
Program Strategies
1. Weak implementation of 0 0 -
drug-free policies and programs
in various settings.
2. Failure to cooperate with 43 15.5 3
regional and international unit on
drug control.
3. Weak capacity of local 1 .4 5
government units to provide
services for drug control.
4. Absence of suggestions and 49 17.6 2
recommendations by the
community in the
implementation of CADAC.
5. Insufficient number of
CADAC member for 42 15.1 4
implementing programs and
strategies.
6. Incapability to properly 0 0 -
implement community-based
treatment.
7. Lack of funds for research that 58 20.9 1
will help for formulation of
programs.
48
resources. 71 of the participants or 25.5 percent revealed that there was lack of
that city anti-drugs abuse council focused on prevention programs while giving
the livelihood of drug related personalities. While the least problem encountered
frequency.
Table 9. Shows the frequency and percentile distribution of the participants on the
PROBLEMS PARTICIPANTS
ENCOUNTERED FREQUENCY PERCENT RANKING
Program Resources
1. Lack of resources and financial 71 25.5 1
support for alternative
development programs.
2. Limited utilization of 31 11.2 3
community-based intervention
for drug use prevention.
3. Scarce fund to maintain a
community-based rehabilitation 49 17.6
2
other than institutionalized
facility.
4. Absence of suggestions and
recommendations by the 3 1.1
5
community in the implementation
of CADAC.
5. Lack of access to government
23 8.3
residential and private drug abuse 4
treatment and rehabilitation
centers.
6. Incapability to properly 0 0 -
implement community-based
treatment.
49
anti-drugs abuse council members in response to drug related incidence 229 of the
participants or 82.4 percent revealed that there was a need to provide an action
plan about drug related incidence for every head of anti-drugs abuse council.
According to PMAJ Rodney Raymund Louie J. Baloyo IV, the plan of action will
serve as the steps taken in order to achieve the objectives with the proper
resources needed.
strong grasp of information 206 of the participants or 74.1 percent believed that
there was a need to conduct school based seminars for primary and high schools
about illegal drugs. It was further supported by the study of United States
effective in reducing abuse and therefore makes more sense to view drug
Table 10. Shows the frequency and percentile distribution of the participants on the
possible solutions on City anti-drugs abuse council community based drug cleared
strategies. 235 of the participants or 84.5 percent believed that to address the
problem on lack of funds for research that will help for formulation of programs,
implementation of city anti-drugs abuse council. This indicates that the city anti-
drugs abuse council and residents of Tagaytay City are wanted to be informed the
Table 11. Shows the frequency and percentile distribution of the participants on the
possible solutions on City anti-drugs abuse council community based drug cleared
resources. 223 of the participants or 80.2 percent revealed that there was a need to
to address the problem on lack of resources and financial support for alternative
development programs.
rehabilitation other than institutionalized facility. This implies that the allocation of
budget on the city anti-drugs abuse council was not enough to support its program
developments.
54
Table 12. Shows the frequency and percentile distribution of the participants on the
possible solutions on City anti-drugs abuse council community based drug cleared
Summary
The study assesses the best practices of City Anti-Drugs Abuse Council in
Tagaytay City, Cavite to improve and maintain the programs and strategies
implemented. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the level of awareness and
Descriptive research design was used in this study. The study was conducted at
Tagaytay City, Cavite. A total of 278 participants were selected through purposive
utilized as research instrument coming from 15 barangays that were able to respond.
The study revealed that the level of awareness and implementation of city anti-
drugs abuse council officials and residents in terms of program objectives, strategies
and resources was high. Indicating the prevalence effort of city anti-drugs abuse
For city anti-drugs abuse council officials and residents, the inadequate
incidence in the program objectives, lack of funds for research that will help for
formulation of programs in the program strategies and the lack of resources and
financial support for alternative development programs in the program resources are
57
the common problems encountered on city anti-drugs abuse council community based
Regarding to possible solution the most suggested by the city anti-drugs abuse
council officials and residents is to provide an action plan about drug related
incidence for every head of anti-drugs abuse council for program objectives, followed
related incidence for program strategies and lastly seek financial assistance to private
Conclusion
emphasis to the role of parents and children in the anti-drug campaign. It implies that
city anti-drugs abuse council program objectives, gives a significant emphasis to the
important role of the parents and children in the anti-drug campaign. Same with
program strategies that peer groups against drugs were employed by the City anti-
City. Also, the program resources that coordinate with local government unit for
City anti-drugs abuse council officials this includes the planning and controlling of
city anti-drugs abuse council was highly implemented in any terms indicated therein.
participants revealed that there were inadequate capabilities of city anti-drugs abuse
experienced problem while, the least problem was the weak capacity of local
government units to provide services for drug control This implies that even there was
an effective drug control programs provided by the local government some members
of anti-drugs abuse council were not efficient in giving response in drug related
incidence. In terms of program strategies the participants revealed that there was lack
of funds for research that will help for formulation of programs. It appears that
was lack of resources and financial support for alternative development programs. It
seems that city anti-drugs abuse council focused on prevention programs while giving
least importance to alternative development programs that will help in addressing the
providing an action plan about drug related incidence for every head of anti-drugs
abuse council would address the problem regards to inadequate capabilities of city
anti-drugs abuse council members in response to drug related incidence and with the
established plan of action that is community friendly it will addressed the absence of
Recommendations
study and further study recommendations result from questions raised during this
Program Recommendations
The following suggestions for program application are proposed from the
study’s Findings.
1. City anti-drug abuse council officials and residents of Tagaytay City should re-
evaluate their plan of actions to more community friendly approach as one of their
best practices.
2. City anti-drugs abuse council officials must help pave the way by giving the
necessary funds to train staff and develop programs with Barangay anti-drugs abuse
responsibility. The team is the foundation upon which all other programs and
mastered in a building then all other programs can be introduced and staff trained.
Research Recommendations
years in service, educational attainment, level of awareness and knowledge have any