Measurements and Experimentation

1. What do you understand by the term order of magnitude of a

quantity? What is the order of magnitude of 1,400,000,000,000,000
m?
Ans. The exponential part of a particular measurement is called order of
magnitude of a quanity.
1,400,000,000,000,000 m = 1.4 × 1015
∴ Order of magnitude is 1015 m.
2. Express the order of magnitude of the following :
(a) Diameter of Sun is 1,390,000,000 m.
(b) Diameter of an atom of hydrogen is 0.000000000106 m.
(c) The mass of a red blood cell is 0.0000000000001 kg.
(d) The diameter of proton is 0.000000000000001 m.
(e) The domain of farthest galaxy is
10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 m.
(f) A human life span is 1,000,000,000 s.
(g) Time in which cracker explodes is 0.00001 s.
Ans. (a) Diameter of Sun = 1,390,000,000 m = 1.39 × 109 m
Order of magnitude of Sun = 109 m.
(b) Diameter of an atom of hydrogen
= 0.000000000106 m = 1.06 × 10–10 m
Order of magnitude of diameter of an atom of hydrogen
= 10–10 m.
(c) The mass of a red blood cell = 0.0000000000001 kg
= 1.0 × 10–13 kg
Order of magnitude of a red blood cell = 10–13 kg.
(d) The diameter of proton = 0.00,000,000,000,0001 m
= 1.0 × 10–15 m
Order of magnitude of diameter of proton = 10–15 m.

Physics Class-IX 1 Question Bank

 (e) The domain of farthest galaxy =
10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 m = 1.0 × 1025 m.
Order of magnitude of farthest galaxy = 1025 m.
(f) A human life span = 1,000,000,000 s = 1.0 × 109s
Order of magnitude of human life span = 109 s.
(g) Time in which cracker explodes = 0.00001 s = 1.0 × 10–5s
Order of magnitude oftime forthe explosion of cracker = 10–5 s.
3. What do you understand by the term degree of accuracy?
Ans. The extent to which a quantity can be measured, without any error is
called degree of accuracy.
4. In an experiment, time can be calculated correct to one second and
length correct to one millimetre. Which amongst the following speed
is correct and why?
(i) 2.957 ms–1 (ii) 2.95 ms–1 (iii) 2.9 ms–1
Ans. 2·9 ms–1 is correct answer.
It is because the accuracy is determined by least accuracy to which
various quantities are measured. As time can be measured correct to
1s only therefore the answer cannot be 2·957 ms–1 or 2·95 ms–1.
5. In the determination of density of a solid, the experimental value is
1.75 g cm–3, whereas actual density of solid is 1.60 g cm–3.
Calculate the percentage error in result.
Ans. Absolute error = (1·75 – 1.60) g cm–3 = 0·15 g cm–3.
Absolute error 0.15
Percentage error = × 100 = × 100 = 9.37%
Actual value 1.60
6. A pupil determines velocity of sound as 300 ms–1. If actual velocity
of sound is 330 ms–1, calculate the percentage error in result.
Ans. Absolute error = (330 – 300) ms–1 = 30 ms–1
Absolute error 30
Percentage error = × 100 = × 100 = 9.09%
Actual value 330
7. In the determination of acceleration due to gravity the experimental
value is 944.8 cms–2. If the actual value of acceleration due to
gravity is 980 cms–2, find the percentage error in result.

Physics Class-IX 2 Question Bank

Ans. Absolute error = (980 – 944·8) cms–2 = 35.2 cms–2.
Absolute error 35.2
Percentage error = × 100 = × 100 = 3.59%
Actual value 980
8. Add the following observations and state the most accurate answer :
15.287 cm; 5.05 cm; 180.0035 cm; 444.5 cm.
Ans. 15.287 cm
5.05 cm
180.0035 cm The correct answer is 644.8 cm.
444.5 cm
Add 644.8405 cm
9. Subtract the following observations and state the most accurate
answer :
(i) 87.0035 s (ii) 4.00085 kg
– 12.23 s – 0.012 kg

Ans. (i) 87.0035 s

– 12.23 s The correct answer is 74·77 s.
74.7735 s

(ii) 4.00085 kg
– 0.012 kg The correct answer is 3·988 kg.
3.98885 kg
10. What do you understand by the term significant figures?
Ans. The number of figures to which final result of an experiment is
stated are called significant figures.
11. In an experiment, for calculating acceleration due to gravity ‘g’, the
length is measured correct to 0.1 cm and time correct to 0.5 s. A
student expresses the answer as 981.437 cms–2. What should be the
correct value?
Ans. Expressed value of ‘g’ = 981·437 cms–2 = 9·81437 × 102 cms–2.
As the length and time can be measured only correct to one decimal
place, therefore,
Correct value of g = 9·8 × 102 cms–2.

Physics Class-IX 3 Question Bank

12. The result of an experiment is 2731000 kg. Express the answer in
the order of magnitude, if accuracy of experiment is
(a) 1 in 10 (b) 1 in 100 (c) 1 in 1000
6
Ans. 2731000 kg = 2.731000 × 10 kg
(a) When accuracy is 1 in 10, correct answer is 2·7 × 106 kg.
(b) When accuracy is 1 in 100, correct answer is 2·73 × 106 kg.
(c) When accuracy is 1 in 1000, correct answer is 2·731 × 106 kg.
13. What do you understand by the term graph?
Ans. The pictorial representation of two physical variables recorded by an
experimenter is called graph.
14. Draw a graph between two quantities A and B, if
1
(i) A ∝ B (ii) A ∝ B (iii) ∝
B
Ans.

15. Draw a graph between ‘l’ and ‘T’, and l and T 2 for a simple
pendulum. What do you deduce from the graph?
Ans.

Physics Class-IX 4 Question Bank

 The graph between l and T shows that l is not directly proportional
to T.
The graph between l and T2 shows that l is directly proportional to
T2.
16. State three advantages of plotting graphs.
Ans. Graph help in following ways :
(a) It helps in determining quantities, which are beyond the limit of
observation, by extending graph.
(b) It helps in determination of average value of large number of
observations.
(c) It helps to verify known physical laws.
17. What do you understand by the term measurement ?
Ans. The comparison of an unknown quantity with a standard quantity is
called measurement.
18. What do you understand by the terms (i) unit (ii) magnitude, as
applied to a physical quantity?
Ans. (i) The standard quantity used for comparison is called unit.
(ii) The number of times a standard quantity is present in a given
physical quantity, is called the magnitude of a physical quantity.
19. A body measures 25 m. State the unit and the magnitude of body.
Ans. The unit is metre. Its magnitude is 25 times the standard metre.
20. State four characteristics of a standard unit.
Ans. (i) It should be of a convenient size.
(ii) It should not change with respect to space or time.
(iii) It should be possible to define, without any doubt or ambiguity.
(iv) It should be easily reproduced.
21. (a) Define the term fundamental unit.
(b) State the fundamental units of the following physical quantities
in S.I. system.
(i) Mass (ii) Length (iii) Time (iv) Temperature (v) Current.
Ans. (a) A unit which is independent of any other unit and which cannot
be related to any other unit is called a fundamental unit.

Physics Class-IX 5 Question Bank

 (b) Physical Quantity Unit
Mass Kilogram
Length Metre
Time Second
Temperature Kelvin
Current Ampere
22. (a) What do you understand by the term derived unit ?
(b) Give three examples of derived units.
Ans. (a) A unit which can be obtained by the combination of one or
more fundamental units is called derived unit.
(b) (i) Density (kgm–3), (ii) Volume (m3),
(iii) Acceleration (ms–2).
23. (a) Define metre according to the old definition.
(b) Define metre in terms of wavelength of light.
(c) Why metre length in terms of wavelength of light is considered
more accurate ?
Ans. (a) One-millionth part of the distance between the pole and the
equator is called metre.
(b) One metre is 1,650,763.73 times the wavelength of specified
orange red spectral line of emission spectra of krypton–86.
(c) It is because the wavelength of light does not change with
respect to space or time and is possible to define without any
ambiguity.
24. Name a convenient unit of length you will use to measure :
(i) Length of a hall. (ii) Width of a book.
(iii) Diameter of a hair. (iv) Distance between two cities.
Ans. (i) Metres (ii) Centimetres (iii) Microns (iv) Kilometres.
25. Name two units of length which are bigger than metre. How the
units named by you are related to metre ?
Ans. (1) Hectometre = 102 m. (2) Kilometre = 103 m.

Physics Class-IX 6 Question Bank

26. Name two units of length which are smaller than metre. How the
units named by you are related to metre ?
Ans. (1) Centimetre = 10–2 m. (2) Millimetre = 10–3 m.
27. Amongst the following units, which is the unit of time and which is
the unit of length?
(i) Light year (ii) Leap year (iii) Parsec (iv) Angstrom.
Ans. Leap year is the unit of time.
Light year, parsec and angstrom are the units of length.
28. Fill in the blank spaces :
(i) 1 metre = .............................. Å (angstrom).
(ii) 1 metre = ............................. μ (micron).
(iii) 1 metre = ............................. kilometre.
(iv) 1 micron = ........................... Å.
(v) 1 light year = ...................... m.
(vi) 1 parsec = ........................... m.
Ans. (i) 1 metre = 1010 Å
(ii) 1 metre = 106 μ
(iii) 1 metre = 10–3 km
(iv) 1 micron = 104 Å
(v) 1 light year = 9.46 × 1015 m
(vi) 1 parsec = 3.08 × 1016 m.
29. (a) Define mass.
(b) Name the (i) C.G.S and (ii) S.I. units of mass.
(c) Name the most convenient unit of mass to measure:
(i) Small amount of medicine (ii) Grain output of a state
(iii) Bag of sugar (iv) Mass of a cricket ball.
Ans. (a) The amount of matter contained in a body is called its mass.
(b) (i) In C.G.S. system the unit of mass is gram.
(ii) In S.I. system the unit of mass is kilogram.
(c) (i) Small amount of medicine is measured in milligrams.
(ii) Grain output of a state is measured in tonnes.
(iii) Bag of sugar is measured in kilograms.
(iv) Mass of a cricket ball is measured in grams.

Physics Class-IX 7 Question Bank

30. (a) Define time.
(b) State or define the following terms:
(i) Solar day (ii) Mean solar day (iii) An hour
(iv) Minute (v) Second (vi) Year.
Ans. (a) Time : The interval between two events is called time.
(b) (i) Solar day : The time taken by earth, to complete one
rotation about its own axis is called solar day.
(ii) Mean solar day : The average of varying solar days, when
earth completes one revolution around the sun is called
mean solar day
1
(iii) Hour : th part of mean solar day is called an hour.
24
1
(iv) Minute : th part of mean solar day is called minute.
1440
1
(v) Second : th part mean solar day is called a second.
86400
(vi) Year : The time in which earth completes one revolution
round the sun is called a year. It is equal to 365 solar days.
31. State or define the following terms :
(i) Leap year (ii) Decade (iii) Century
(iv) Millennium (v) Lunar Month
Ans. (i) Leap Year : A year consisting of 366 solar days is called large
year.
(ii) Decade : A time span of 10 year is called a decade.
(iii) Century : A time span of 100 year is called a century.
(iv) Millennium : A time span of 1000 years is called a millennium.
(v) Lunar month : A time span from new moon to new moon or
full moon is called lunar month. Its exact value is 29 days,
12 hours, 44 minutes and 3 second which is approximately
1
equal to 29 hours.
2

Physics Class-IX 8 Question Bank

32. (a) Who invented vernier callipers ?
(b) What is the need for measuring length with vernier callipers ?
(c) Upto how many decimal places a common vernier callipers can
measure length in centimetres?
Ans. (a) Pierre vernier invented vernier callipers.
(b) The distance less than a millimetre could be only approximated
as the ordinary scales cannot be marked in sub parts of
millimetre. Thus, in order to measure this small distance
accurately for precision machinery, vernier callipers was
invented.
(c) It can measure accurately upto 0.01 cm.
33. Define the following terms as applied to vernier callipers :
(i) Pitch (ii) Least count.
Ans. (i) The smallest value of length or any other unit, which can be
read directly from the main scale is called pitch of vernier
callipers.
(ii) The different between one main scale and one vernier scale
division is called least count of vernier callipers.
34. State the formula for vernier callipers for the determination of its :
(i) Pitch (ii) Least count. Unit length on the main scale
Ans. (i) pitch of vernier calipers =
Number of divisions in a unit on the main scale
Pitch
(ii) Least count of vernier calipers =
Number of vernier scale divisions
35. State the formula for calculating observed length in the following
cases :
(a) Number of vernier scale divisions coinciding with main scale
and the number of divisions of main scale on the left hand side
of zero of vernier are known.
(b) The reading of main scale and the number of vernier scale
divisions conciding with main scale are known.

Physics Class-IX 9 Question Bank

Ans. (a) Observed length = Pitch × Main scale divisions + Least count ×
Vernier scale reading.
(b) Observed length = Main scale reading + Least count × Vernier
scale reading.
36. (a) What do you understand by the term zero error ?
(b) When does a vernier callipers have (i) positive zero error
(ii) negative zero error ?
(c) State the correction if (i) positive error is 7 div. (ii) negative
error is 7 div. Least count is 0.01 cm.
Ans. (a) If the zero of vernier scale and zero of the main scale do not
coincide, when the external jaws of vernier are closed, then
the vernier is said to have zero error.
(b) (i) If the zero of vernier scale is on the right hand side of the
zero of main scale, the error is said to be positive error.
(ii) If the zero of vernier scale is on the left hand side of the
zero of main scale, the error is said to be negative error.
(c) (i) Correction = – (7 × 0.01 cm) = – 0.07 cm.
(ii) Correction = + (7 × 0.01 cm) = + 0.07 cm.
37. Which part amongst external jaws, internal jaws and tail is used to
measure :
(i) internal length of hollow cylinder? (ii) internal diameter of
hollow cylinder?
(iii) diameter of solid sphere?
Ans. (i) Tail is used for measuring internal length.
(ii) Internal jaws are used for measuring internal diameter.
(iii) External jaws are used for measuring the diameter of sphere.
38. For what range of measurement, micrometre screw gauge is used ?
Ans. It can measure upto one micron, i.e., 10–6m.
39. What do you understand by the following terms as applied to
micrometre screw gauge ?
(i) Sleeve cylinder (ii) Sleeve scale (iii) Thimble
(iv) Thimble scale (v) Base line.

Physics Class-IX 10 Question Bank

Ans. (i) Sleeve cylinder : The hollow cylinder attached to nut is called
sleeve cylinder. The spindle of the screw passes through this
cylinder.
(ii) Sleeve scale : The main scale (marked in mm) on the sleeve
cylinder is called sleeve scale.
(iii) Thimble : The hollow cylinder connected to screw which
revolves along with the screw is called thimble.
(iv) Thimble scale : The circular scale marked on the thimble is
called thimble scale.
(v) Base line : A straight line drawn parallel to the axis of sleeve
cylinder and graduated in mm is called base line.
40. What do you understand by the following terms as applied to screw
gauge :
(a) Pitch of screw (b) Least count of screw.
Ans. (a) The distance traveled by the tip of screw, when its head is given
one complete turn is called pitch of serew gauge.
(b) The smallest distance moved by the tip of a screw gauge, when
the circular scale of it moves by one division is called least
count of serew gauge.
41. State the formula for calculating (a) pitch (b) least count of screw
gauge? Unit length on the main scale
Ans. (a) Pitch of screw gauge =
Number of divisions in a unit length
or
Distance moved by the screw on main scale
Number of revolution of the screw
Pitch
(b) Least count of screw gauge =
Number of divisions on the circular scale

Physics Class-IX 11 Question Bank

42. What do you understand by the following terms as applied to screw
gauge?
(a) Zero error (b) Positive zero error (c) Negative zero error
Ans. (a) If the reference line on main scale does not cointcide with the
zero mark on circular scale, when the tip of screw is touching a
dead end, it is said to have zero error of screw gauge.
(b) If the zero mark on circular scale is below the reference line on
main scale, then there is positive zero error of screw gauge.
(c) If the zero mark on circular scale is above the refence line on
main scale, then there is negative zero error of screw gauge.
43. How do you account for the following for calculating the correct
diameter of a wire?
(a) Positive zero error (b) Negative zero error.
Ans. (a) When there is positive zero error, correction
is – [L.C. × positive error.]
(b) When there is negative zero error, correction
is + [L.C. × negative error.]
44. The main scale of vernier callipers has 10 divisions to a centimetre
and 10 vernier scale divisions coincide with 9 main scale divisions.
Calculate (i) pitch (ii) least count of vernier callipers.
1 cm 1 cm
Ans. (i) Pitch = = = 0.1 cm.
No. of divisions in one cm 10
Pitch 0.1 cm
(ii) L.C. = = = 0.01 cm.
V.S.D 10
45. In a vernier callipers, 24 main scale divisions coincide with 25
vernier scale divisions. If the main scale has 20 divisions to a
centimetre, calculate (i) pitch (ii) least count of vernier callipers.
1 cm 1 cm
Ans. (i) Pitch = = = 0.05 cm.
No. of divisions in one cm 20
Pitch 0.05
(ii) L.C. = = = 0.002 cm.
V.S.D 25

Physics Class-IX 12 Question Bank

46. The figure alongside shows the
position of vernier scale, while
measuring external length of
wooden cylinder.
(i) What is the length recorded on
main scale?
(ii) Which reading of vernier scale
coincides with main scale?
(iii) Calculate the length.
Ans. (i) Length recorded on main scale = 10.2 cm.
(ii) 7th reading of vernier scale coincides with main scale.
(iii) Length = Main scale reading + L.C. × V.S.D.
= 10.2 cm + 0.01 cm × 7
= 10.27 cm.
4 7. The figure alongside shows the
position of vernier on main scale.
Calculate the length.
Ans. Reading on main scale = 7.3 cm
1 cm
Pitch of main scale = = 0.1 cm
10
0.1
L.C. of vernier = = 0.01 cm.
10
Vernier scale reading = 5
∴ Length = Main scale reading + L.C. × V.S.D.
= 7.3 cm + 0.01 cm × 5 = 7.35 cm.
48. The circular scale of a screw gauge has 50 divisions. Its spindle
moves by 2 mm on sleeve scale, when given four complete
revolutions. Calculate (i) pitch (ii) least count.
Distance moved by spindle 2 mm
Ans. (i) Pitch = = = 0.5 mm = 0.05 cm.
No. of complete revolutions 4
Pitch 0.05 cm
(ii) L.C. = = = 0.001 cm.
C.S. Divisions 50

Physics Class-IX 13 Question Bank

4 9. The circular scale of a screw gauge has 100 divisions. Its spindle
moves by 2.5 mm when given five complete turns. Calculate (i) pitch
(ii) least count of screw gauge.
Distance moved by spindle 2.5 mm
Ans. (i) Pitch = = = 0.5 mm = 0.05 cm.
No. of complete revolutions 5
Pitch 0.05 cm
(ii) L.C. = = = 0.0005 cm.
C.S. Divisions 100
50. Diagram alongside shows a screw
gauge in which circular scale has
200 divisions, calculate :
(i) Least count
(ii) Radius of wire.
Pitch 1 mm
Ans. (i) L.C. = = = 0.005 mm = 0.0005 cm.
C.S. Divisions 200
(ii) Diameter = Main scale reading + C.S.D × L.C.
= 5 mm + 34 × 0.0005 cm
= 0.5 cm + 0.017 cm
= 0.517 cm.
0.517
∴ Radius = = 0.2585 cm.
2
51. The diagram alongside shows a screw
guage in which circular scale has 100
divisions. Calculate the least count and
radius of wire.

Pitch 0.5 mm
Ans. (i) Least count= = = 0.005 mm = 0.0005 cm.
C.S. Divisions 100
(ii) Diameter of wire = Main scale reading + L.C. × C.S.D
= 4.5 mm + 0.0005 cm × 74 = 4.5 mm + 0.0370 cm
= 0.45 cm + 0.0370 cm = 0.4870 cm
0.4870 cm
∴ Radius = = 0.2435 cm.
2

Physics Class-IX 14 Question Bank

52. (a) Define simple pendulum.
(b) State two factors which determine the time period of a
pendulum.
(c) Write an expression for the time period of a pendulum, stating
clearly the meaning of symbols used.
Ans. (a) Simple pendulum : A heavy particle, suspended by a
weightless extensible string and oscillating freely without
friction about a point, to which the upper end of string is fixed,
constitutes a simple pendulum.
(b) Factors which determine time period :
(a) Time period is directly proportional to the square root of the
effective length.
(b) Time period is inversely proportional to square root of the
acceleration due to gravity.
l
(c) T = 2π , where T is the time period, ‘l’, the effective length
g
and ‘g’, the acceleration due to gravity.
53. Define the following in relation to simple pendulum:
(a) Effective length
(b) Time period
(c) Frequency of oscillation
(d) Amplitude
Ans. (a) Effective length of pendulum : The distance between point of
suspension and centre of gravity of the bob is called length of
pendulum.
(b) Time period : The time taken by pendulum to complete one
oscillation.
(c) Frequency of oscillation : The number of oscillations made by
a pendulum in one second is called frequency of oscillation.
(d) Amplitude : The maximum displacement of pendulum from its
mean position.

Physics Class-IX 15 Question Bank

54. (a) What is a second’s pendulum ? What is its approximate
effective length ?
(b) A second’s pendulum is set up on the surface of moon, where
1
acceleration due to gravity is of that of earth. How is the time
6
period of a pendulum affected ? Give a reason in support of
your answer.
Ans. (a) A pendulum which has a time period of 2 s is called second’s
pendulum. Its effective length is 1 m.
(b) The time period increases on the surface of moon.
1
It is because T ∝ . Thus, as ‘g’ on moon decreases, time
g
period increases.
55. Which of the following do not affect time period of a pendulum?
(i) Mass of the bob (ii) Size of the bob
(iii) Effective length of pendulum (iv) Amplitude
(v) Acceleration due to gravity.
Ans. Mass of the bob, size of the bob and amplitude do not affect the time
period of simple pendulum.
56. How the time period of a pendulum is affected in the following cases
? If time period is not affected, write “no change”.
(a) Mass of the bob is doubled
(b) Amplitude of swing is doubled.
(c) Acceleration due to gravity increases
(d) The length of pendulum is halved
(e) Pendulum is set up deep in a mine
(f) Pendulum is set up at a height 10 km above the sea level.
Ans. (a) No change.
(b) No change.
(c) The time period decreases with the increase in acceleration due
to gravity.
(d) The time period decreases with the decrease in length.

Physics Class-IX 16 Question Bank

 (e) The time period increases, because deep inside the mine
acceleration due to gravity decreases.
(f) The time period increases, because 10 km up, the acceleration
due to gravity decreases.
57. A person standing on an oscillating swing, sits down. How does the
time period of a swing get affected ? What happens to its frequency
of oscillation ?
Ans. The time period increases. It is because the centre of gravity is
lowered in sitting position. This in turn increases effective length
and hence the time period.
1
The frequency of oscillation decreases because T ∝
f
58. A simple pendulum has a hollow bob, such that its time period is T.
How the time period of pendulum is affected, if :
(a) ¼ of the bob is filled with mercury?
(b) ¾ of the bob is filled with mercury?
(c) The bob is completely filled with mercury?
Ans. (a) The time period increases because the ¼ filling mercury lowers
centre of gravity. This in turn increases effective length and
hence time period.
(b) The time period will be more than what it was initially, because
when bob is ¾ filled with mercury, the C.G. will be lower than
its initial value and hence the effective length is more.
(c) The time period will not change, because C.G. and hence
effective length does not change.

Physics Class-IX 17 Question Bank

59. Draw a graph of ‘l’ the length of simple pendulum, against T2, the
square of its time period.
Ans.

60. State the numerical value of frequency of oscillation of second’s

pendulum? Does it depend upon amplitude of oscillation ?
1
Ans. Numerical value of frequency of oscillation = 0.5 s–1
2s
It does not depend upon amplitude.
61. Two simple pendulums A and B have equal lengths, but their bobs
weigh 50 gf and 100 gf respectively. What would be the ratio of their
time periods? State a reason for your answer.
Ans. The ratio of time periods of A : B = 1 : 1.
Reason : It is because time period is independent of the mass of bob.
62. Two pendulums A and B have length 2 m and 0.5 m. Which
pendulum will make more oscillations in one minute and why ?
Ans. The pendulum B of length 0.5 m will make more oscillations per
minute as compared to pendulum A of length 2 m.
It is because T ∝ l . As time period for B < A, therefore, B makes
more oscillations than A.
63. Calculate the time period of a simple pendulum of length 0.84 m,
when g = 9.8 ms–2.
Ans. length (l) = 0.84 m; g = 9.8 ms–2; T=?
l 2 × 22 0.84 2 × 22 × 0.2927
T = 2π = = = 1.84 s.
g 7 9.8 7

Physics Class-IX 18 Question Bank

64. Calculate the time period of a simple pendulum of length 1.44 m, on
the surface of moon. The acceleration due to gravity on the surface
1
of moon is of the acceleration due to gravity on earth
6
[g = 9.8 ms–2].
9.8
Ans. Length (l) = 1.44 m; g= ms–2; T=?
6
l 2 × 22 1.44 × 6 2 × 22 × 0.8816
T = 2π = = = 5.54 s.
g 7 9.8 7
65. Length of a second’s pendulum is 100 cm. Find the length of
another pendulum whose time period is 2.4 s.
Ans. l1 = 100 cm; T1 = 2 s; l2 = ?; T2 = 2.4 s.
T l 2s 100
⇒ 1= 1 ⇒ =
T2 l2 2.4 s l2
4 100
⇒ = (squaring both sides)
5.76 l2
100 × 5.76
∴ l2 = = 144 cm.
4
66. A pendulum whose length is 36 cm has time period 1.2 s. Find the
time period of another pendulum whose length is 81 cm.
Ans. l1 = 36 cm; T1 = 1.2 s; l2 = 81 cm; T2 = ?
T1 l
= 1
T2 l2
1.2 s 36 cm
⇒ =
T2 81 cm
1.2 s 6
⇒ =
T2 9
1.2 × 9
∴ T2 = = 1·8 s.
6

Physics Class-IX 19 Question Bank

67. Calculate the length of second’s pendulum on the surface of moon,
when acceleration due to gravity on moon is 1.63 ms–2
Ans. T = 2 s; l = ?; g = 1.63 ms–2
l
T = 2π .
g
2 × 22 l
∴ 2= ×
7 1.63
4 × 484 l
⇒ 4= × (squaring both sides)
49 1.63
4 × 49 1.63
∴ l = = 0.165 m.
4 × 484
68. Calculate the length of a second’s pendulum at a place where
g = 9.83 ms–2.
Ans. T = 2 s; l = ?; g = 9.83 ms–2
l
T = 2π .
g
2 4π 2l
∴ T = (squaring both sides)
g
T 2 × g (2) 2 × 9.83 × 49
∴ l = 2
= = 0.995 m.
4π 4 × 484
69. The length of two pendulums is 110 cm and 27.5 cm. Calculate the
ratio of their time periods.
Ans. l1 = 110 cm; l2 = 27.5 cm; T1 : T2 = ?
T1 l T 110 4 2
= 1 1 = = =
T2 l2 T2 27.5 1 1
∴ T1 : T2 = 2 : 1.

Physics Class-IX 20 Question Bank

70. A pendulum of length 100 cm and another pendulum of length 40 cm
are oscillating at the same time. Calculate the ratio of their time
periods.
Ans. l1 = 100 cm; l2 = 40 cm; T1 : T2 = ?
T1 l 100 2.5 1.58
= 1 = = =
T2 l2 40 1 1
∴ T1 : T2 = 1.58 : 1.
71. The time periods of two pendulums is 1.44 s and 0.36 s respectively.
Calculate the ratio of their lengths.
Ans. T1 = 1.44 s; T2 = 0.36 s; l1 : l2 = ?
2 2
l1 T12 ⎛ 1.44 s ⎞ ⎛ 4 ⎞ 16
= 2 =⎜ =
⎟ ⎜ ⎟ =
l2 T2 ⎝ 0.36 s ⎠ ⎝ 1 ⎠ 1
∴ l1 : l2 = 16 : 1.
72. The time periods of two pendulums is 2 s and 1.2 s respectively.
Find the ratio of their lengths.
Ans. T1 = 2 s; T2 = 1.2 s; l1 : l2 = ?
2
l1 T12 l1 ⎛ 2 s ⎞ 4 2.77
∴ = 2 or =⎜ ⎟ = =
l2 T2 l2 ⎝ 1.2 s ⎠ 1.44 1
∴ l1 : l2 = 2.77 : 1.

Physics Class-IX 21 Question Bank