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    Latihan Low Terrain Geokimpabum

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    Saifullah Fatah
    1. Field observations and water sampling were conducted at five thermal manifestations at the Waitangi Geothermal Prospect in New Zealand. Major element geochemistry and pH were analyzed. 2. The water compositions were evaluated using Cl-HCO3-SO4 and Na-K-Mg ternary diagrams to interpret the subsurface conditions and origin of the waters (shallow, deep, or steam-heated). Geothermometry methods including quartz, Na-K, and Na-K-Mg were used to estimate subsurface temperatures. 3. A conceptual cross-section model of the Waitangi prospect was constructed showing the interpreted hydrology, thermal structure, and fluid flow paths based on the geochemical

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    Latihan Low Terrain Geokimpabum

    Uploaded by

    Saifullah Fatah
    14 views3 pages
    1. Field observations and water sampling were conducted at five thermal manifestations at the Waitangi Geothermal Prospect in New Zealand. Major element geochemistry and pH were analyzed. 2. The water compositions were evaluated using Cl-HCO3-SO4 and Na-K-Mg ternary diagrams to interpret the subsurface conditions and origin of the waters (shallow, deep, or steam-heated). Geothermometry methods including quartz, Na-K, and Na-K-Mg were used to estimate subsurface temperatures. 3. A conceptual cross-section model of the Waitangi prospect was constructed showing the interpreted hydrology, thermal structure, and fluid flow paths based on the geochemical

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    Eksplorasi Pabum

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    1. Field observations and water sampling were conducted at five thermal manifestations at the Waitangi Geothermal Prospect in New Zealand. Major element geochemistry and pH were analyzed. 2. The water compositions were evaluated using Cl-HCO3-SO4 and Na-K-Mg ternary diagrams to interpret the subsurface conditions and origin of the waters (shallow, deep, or steam-heated). Geothermometry methods including quartz, Na-K, and Na-K-Mg were used to estimate subsurface temperatures. 3. A conceptual cross-section model of the Waitangi prospect was constructed showing the interpreted hydrology, thermal structure, and fluid flow paths based on the geochemical

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    14 views3 pages

    Latihan Low Terrain Geokimpabum

    Uploaded by

    Saifullah Fatah
    1. Field observations and water sampling were conducted at five thermal manifestations at the Waitangi Geothermal Prospect in New Zealand. Major element geochemistry and pH were analyzed. 2. The water compositions were evaluated using Cl-HCO3-SO4 and Na-K-Mg ternary diagrams to interpret the subsurface conditions and origin of the waters (shallow, deep, or steam-heated). Geothermometry methods including quartz, Na-K, and Na-K-Mg were used to estimate subsurface temperatures. 3. A conceptual cross-section model of the Waitangi prospect was constructed showing the interpreted hydrology, thermal structure, and fluid flow paths based on the geochemical

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    Geochemistry and Field Assessment to Construct Simple Conceptual Model

    Field observation and fluid sampling at thermal manifestations at the Waitangi Geothermal Prospect has
    been recently completed. The major element analysis (mg/kg) is as follows, and the photographs of the
    manifestations attached.

    Location ToC pH Na K Ca Mg Cl SO4 HCO3 SiO2

    Papatu spring 97 2.5 30 2 15.7 3.59 7 865 _ 350


    Ranginui pool 85 3.0 71 16.4 14.5 5.02 32 123 - 314
    Te Puia spring 100 8.0 1275 223 13.91 0.07 2222 30 - 726
    Ikatere spring 86 5 170 17 112 2.23 10 168 68 300
    Wanawana spring 76 7.3 403 46 14 0.04 537 105 276 250

    (Sampling date: 22 March 2019)

    1. Assess the suitability of the fluids from each manifestation for interpreting the subsurface
    conditions, and strengthen your analysis by evaluating the water compositions using Cl-HCO3-
    SO4 Ternary diagram. Comment on the possible origin of the waters (deep, shallow, steam
    heated?)
    Table 1. Water manifestation type of Waitangi Prospect
    Temp.
    NO Manifestation o pH Water type Origin of water
    C
    1 Papatu spring 97 2.5
    2 Ranginui pool 85 <3
    3 Te Puia spring 100 8
    4 Ikatere spring 86 5
    5 Wanawana spring 76 7.6

    2. Select fluids which are usable for geothermometry. Estimate the subsurface temperature using
    and Quartz (maximum steam loss or conductive cooling), Na-K, and Na-K-Mg (Ternary plot).
    Quartz geothermometry
    T°C = [1309/(5,19−logSiO2)] – 273.15 (conductive cooling)
    T°C = [1522/(5,75−logSiO2)] – 273.15 (maximum steam loss)
    Na-K geothermometry (Fournier, 1979)
    T°C = {1217/[(1,482−log (Na/K)]} – 273.15

    Table 2. Geothermometry of fluid manifestations from Waingapu Prospect


    Temperature (oC)
    No Lokasi
    Silica Na-K Na-K-Mg Range
    1 Papatu spring
    2 Ranginui pool
    3 Te Puia spring
    4 Ikatere spring
    5 Wanawana spring
    3. Build a cross-section showing the hydrology, thermal and chemical structures of the Waitangi
    geothermal prospect. Interpret the distribution of the thermal fluid at the subsurface, and indicate
    the upflow and outflow using arrows.

    Wanawana
    Ranginui Papatu Te Puia Ikatere spring
    pool spring spring spring

    Discussion:
    WATER TYPE TERNARY DIAGRAM

    Na-K-Mg TERNARY DIAGRAM

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