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    Nematode Classification

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    Bimal Binoy
    This document discusses the classification of nematodes. It provides details on their general characteristics, including being elongated, cylindrical worms that can vary in size. Nematodes are classified based on whether the female is oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous. They are also classified based on the habitat of the adult worm, such as residing in the small intestine, large intestine, lymphatic system, or body cavity. The document provides examples of nematodes that fall into each category and describes their life cycles and modes of infection.

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    Nematode Classification

    Uploaded by

    Bimal Binoy
    319 views4 pages
    This document discusses the classification of nematodes. It provides details on their general characteristics, including being elongated, cylindrical worms that can vary in size. Nematodes are classified based on whether the female is oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous. They are also classified based on the habitat of the adult worm, such as residing in the small intestine, large intestine, lymphatic system, or body cavity. The document provides examples of nematodes that fall into each category and describes their life cycles and modes of infection.

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    This document discusses the classification of nematodes. It provides details on their general characteristics, including being elongated, cylindrical worms that can vary in size. Nematodes are classified based on whether the female is oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous. They are also classified based on the habitat of the adult worm, such as residing in the small intestine, large intestine, lymphatic system, or body cavity. The document provides examples of nematodes that fall into each category and describes their life cycles and modes of infection.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    319 views4 pages

    Nematode Classification

    Uploaded by

    Bimal Binoy
    This document discusses the classification of nematodes. It provides details on their general characteristics, including being elongated, cylindrical worms that can vary in size. Nematodes are classified based on whether the female is oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous. They are also classified based on the habitat of the adult worm, such as residing in the small intestine, large intestine, lymphatic system, or body cavity. The document provides examples of nematodes that fall into each category and describes their life cycles and modes of infection.

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    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that nematodes are elongated, cylindrical worms that can infect both animals and plants. They have separate sexes and three types of female reproduction: oviparous, ovoviviparous, and viviparous.

    The different modes of infection by nematode parasites include ingestion of contaminated food/water, ingestion of infected meat, penetration of skin, and transmission by blood-sucking insects.

    Nematodes can be classified based on the habitat of the adult worms into intestinal (small/large intestine), somatic (lymphatic system, subcutaneous tissue, body cavity), and conjunctiva.

    Nematodes Classification MODULE

    Microbiology

    43
    Notes
    NEMATODES CLASSIFICATION

    46.1 INTRODUCTION
    Nematodes belong to the phylum Nematoda. Many species of nematodes are free
    living in fresh or salt water, mud or soil. They are parasites of both animals and
    plants. Only medically important nematodes are discussed in the following
    sections.

    OBJECTIVES
    After reading this lesson, you will be able to:
    z explain the general characteristics of nematodes

    z describe the classification of nematodes

    General characteristics
    Nematodes are elongated, cylindrical, bilaterally symmetrical, unsegmented
    worms with tapering ends. The name ‘ nematodes’ means thread like. The body
    is covered with tough cuticle.
    Their size varies from less than 5 mm (Trichinella spiralis) to 1 metre
    (Dracunculus medinensis). The male is generally smaller than female and its
    posterior end is curved or coiled ventrally. The sexes are separate. Female
    nematodes may be divided as
    Oviparous (nematodes which lay eggs)
    z Laying unsegmented eggs
    o Ascaris lumbricoides
    o Trichuris trichura
    z Laying eggs with segmented ova

    MICROBIOLOGY 381
    MODULE Nematodes Classification

    Microbiology o Ancylostoma duodenale


    o Necator americanus
    Viviparous (nematodes which give birth to larvae)
    z Dracunculus medinensis
    z Wucheria bancrofti
    Notes Ovo- viviparous (nematodes laying eggs containing larvae that immediately
    hatch out)
    z Strongyloides stercoralis

    Modes of infection with nematode parasites


    Ingestion of food and water contaminated with eggs (Ascaris lumbricoides),
    ingestion of cyclops (Dracunculus medinensis) or ingestion of infected pork
    (Trichinella spiralis). Penetration of skin for example larvae of A. duodenale,
    N. americanus and S. stercoralis. Blood sucking insects for example Wucheria
    bancrofti and Brugia malayi.
    Classification of nematodes on the basis of habitat of adult worms:

    Intestinal
    Small intestine: A. lumbricoides, A. duedenale, N.americanus, S.stercoraris, T.
    spiralis.
    Large intestine: E. vermicularis, T. trichuria.

    Somatic
    Lymphatic system: W. bancrofti, B. malayi.
    Subcutaneous tissue: Loa loa, Onchocerca volvulus, D. medinensis.
    Body cavity: Mansonella perstans.
    Conjunctiva: Loa loa.

    INTEXT QUESTIONS 43.1


    1. Which of the following nematodes is ovoviviparous?
    (a) Ascaris lumbricoides.
    (b) Dracunculus medinensis.

    382 MICROBIOLOGY
    Nematodes Classification MODULE
    (c) Strongyloides stercoralis. Microbiology

    (d) Trichinella spiralis.


    2. Which of the following nematodes lays unsegmented eggs?
    (a) Necator americanus.
    (b) Trichuris trichiura.
    (c) Strongyloides stercoralis.. Notes
    (d) Trichinella spiralis
    3. Which of the following nematodes lays eggs containing larvae?
    (a) Trichinella spiralis.
    (b) Enterobius vermicularis.
    (c) Brugia malayi.
    (d) Ascaris lumbricoides.
    4. Adult worm of which of the following resides in human body cavity?
    (a) Wucheria bancrofti.
    (b) Brugia malayi.
    (c) Ascaris lumbricoides.
    (d) Mansonella perstans.
    5. Adult worm of which of the following resides in large intestine?
    (a) Ascaris lumbricoides.
    (b) Dracunculus medinensis.
    (c) Strongyloides stercoralis.
    (d) Enterobius vermicularis.

    WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNT


    z Nematodes are elongated, cylindrical, bilaterally symmetrical, unsegmented
    worms with tapering ends. Sexes are separate into male and female. Female
    nematodes may be divided as oviparous, ovi viviparous and viviparous.
    Nematodes have different modes of infection like, by ingestion of food and
    water contaminated by eggs of nematodes, ingestion of and infected pork,
    penetration of skin and bite of blood sucking insects. Nematodes can be
    classified on the basis of habitat of adult worms.

    MICROBIOLOGY 383
    MODULE Nematodes Classification

    Microbiology

    TERMINAL QUESTION
    1. Classify nematodes?

    Notes ANSWERS OF INTEXT QUESTIONS

    43.1
    1. (c)
    2. (b)
    3. (b)
    4. (d)
    5. (d)

    384 MICROBIOLOGY

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