DESIGN OF FIRST FLOOR SLAB MKD: S2-S2 CONTINOUS SLAB

* MATERIALS USED :-
1) GRADE OF CONCRETE (Fck) = M 25
2) GRADE OF TOR STEEL (Fy) = Fe 415

* DESIGN OF SLAB :-

DESIGN PARTICULARS SPAN - 1 SPAN - 2

a) C/C span in meter 3 3

a) Slab Thickness 130 130

b) Self Wight of Slab 3.25 3.25

c) Floor Finish (50mm Thick) 1 1

d) Total Dead Load D.L. 4.25 4.25

e) Total Live Load L.L. 7.5 7.5

REFER TABLE-12 OF IS:456-

f) Moment Coefficients
2000, PG. NO. 36
Support Moment -VE
D.L. -1/10
L.L. -1/9
Mid Span Moment +VE
D.L. +1/12 +1/12
L.L. +1/10 +1/10
g) Moment (M)
Support Moment -VE
D.L. x Lx x Moment coeff.
2
-3.825
L.L. x Lx2 x Moment coeff. -7.500
Mid Span Moment +VE
3.188 3.188
6.750 6.750
h) Factored Moment (Mu)
Support Moment -VE 16.988
Mid Span Moment +VE 14.906 14.906

i) Effective depth, d in mm 111 111

j) K = Mu / b.d.d in N/sqmm. -VE 1.38

+VE 1.21 1.21

k) Percentage of Reinf. 'pt' -VE 0.42

+VE 0.36 0.36

l) Area of Reinforcement 'Ast' -VE 462

+VE 403 403

m) 'Ast' minimum @ 0.12% 156 156

n) Provide (a+b)/2 #8 @ 120

a+b #8 @ 120 #8 @ 120
e #8 @ 360

o) Ast provided mm2 -VE 559

+VE 419 419
* DEFLECTION CHECK :- (REF. FIG. 4 IS:456-2000)

0.58 x Fy x Ast required

fs= 231 231
Ast provided

Modification factor,
1
Mf= 1.42 1.42
0.225+0.00322 fs-0.625 log( 1/ptpro)

Permissible L/d Ratio 36.84 36.84

Actual L/d Ratio 27.03 27.03

SAFE SAFE
 DESIGN OF TERRACE FLOOR SLAB : S1-S1-S1 (ONE WAY CONTINUOUS SLAB)

* MATERIALS USED :-
1) GRADE OF CONCRETE (Fck) = M 25
2) GRADE OF TOR STEEL (Fy) = Fe 415

* DESIGN OF SLAB :-

DESIGN PARTICULARS SPAN - 1 SPAN - 2 SPAN - 3

a) C/C span in meter 3.024 3 1.28

a) Slab Thickness 300 300 300

b) Self Weight of Slab 7.5 7.5 7.5

c) Floor Finish +water proofing 1.5 1.5 1.5

d) Total Dead Load 9 9 9

e) Total Live Load 10 10 10

f) Moment Coefficients REFER TABLE-12 OF IS:456-2000, Pg.No. 36

Support Moment -VE
D.L. -1/10 -1/10
L.L. -1/9 -1/9
Mid Span Moment +VE
D.L. +1/12 +1/16 +1/12
L.L. +1/10 +1/12 +1/10
g) Moment (M)
Support Moment -VE
D.L. x Lx2 x Moment coeff. -8.230 -8.100
L.L. x Lx x Moment coeff.
2
-10.161 -10.000
Mid Span Moment +VE
6.858 5.063 1.229
9.145 7.500 1.638
h) Factored Moment (Mu)
Support Moment -VE 27.586 27.150
Mid Span Moment +VE 24.005 18.844 4.301

g) Effective depth, d in mm 276 276 276

h) K = Mu / b.d.d in N/sqmm. -VE 0.36 0.36

+VE 0.32 0.25 0.06

i) Percentage of Reinf. 'pt' -VE 0.11 0.11

+VE 0.10 0.08 0.02

j) Area of Reinforcement 'Ast' -VE 302 297

+VE 265 212 64

k) 'Ast' minimum @ 0.12% 360 360 360

l) Provide e #8 @ 250 #8 @ 250

a+b #8 @ 125 #8 @ 125 #8 @ 125

m) Ast provided mm2 -VE 603 603

+VE 402 402 402
* DEFLECTION CHECK :- (REF. FIG. 4 IS:456-2000)
360 360 360
0.58 x Fy x Ast required
fs= 215 215 215
Ast provided

Modification factor,
1
Mf= 2.00 2.00 2.00
0.225+0.00322 fs-0.625 log( 1/ptpro)

Permissible L/d Ratio 52.00 52.00 52.00

Actual L/d Ratio 10.96 10.87 4.64

SAFE SAFE SAFE

 S15-S14-S12-S10 (ONE WAY CONTINUOUS SLAB)
DESIGN OF SLAB MKD:
AT G.F SLAB. LEVEL.

* MATERIALS USED :-
1) GRADE OF CONCRETE (Fck) = M 25
2) GRADE OF TOR STEEL (Fy) = Fe 415

* DESIGN OF SLAB :-

DESIGN PARTICULARS SPAN - 1 SPAN - 2 SPAN - 3 SPAN - 4

a) C/C span in meter 0.934 2.09 3 1.27

a) Slab Thickness 300 300 300 300

b) Self Wight of Slab 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5

c) Floor Finish (50mm Thick) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

d) Total Dead Load D.L. 9 9 9 9

e) Total Live Load L.L. 10 10 10 10

f) Moment Coefficients REFER TABLE-12 OF IS:456-2000, Pg.No. 36

Support Moment -VE
D.L. -1/10 -1/12 -1/10
L.L. -1/9 -1/9 -1/9
Mid Span Moment +VE
D.L. +1/12 +1/16 +1/16 +1/12
L.L. +1/10 +1/12 +1/12 +1/10
g) Moment (M)
Support Moment -VE
D.L. x Lx2 x Moment coeff. -3.931 -6.750 -8.100
L.L. x Lx2 x Moment coeff. -4.853 -10.000 -10.000
Mid Span Moment +VE
0.654 2.457 5.063 1.210
0.872 3.640 7.500 1.613
h) Factored Moment (Mu)
Support Moment -VE 13.177 25.125 27.150
Mid Span Moment +VE 2.290 9.146 18.844 4.234

i) Effective depth, d in mm 281 281 281 281

 j) K = Mu / b.d.d in N/sqmm. -VE 0.17 0.32 0.34
+VE 0.03 0.12 0.24 0.05

k) Percentage of Reinf. 'pt' -VE 0.05 0.10 0.10

+VE 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.02

l) Area of Reinforcement 'Ast' -VE 152 272 293

+VE 44 112 209 63

m) 'Ast' minimum @ 0.12% 360 360 360 360

n) Provide e #0 @ 150 #0 @ 150 #0 @ 150

a+b #8 @ 135 #8 @ 135 #8 @ 135 #8 @ 135

o) Ast provided mm2 -VE 372 372 372

+VE 372 372 372 372
* DEFLECTION CHECK :- (REF. FIG. 4 IS:456-2000)

0.58 x Fy x Ast required

fs= 28 72 135 41
Ast provided

Modification factor,
1
Mf= 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
0.225+0.00322 fs-0.625 log( 1/ptpro)

Permissible L/d Ratio 52.00 52.00 52.00 52.00

Actual L/d Ratio 3.32 7.44 10.68 4.52

SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE

 DESIGN OF SLAB MKD: S6-S7-S9-S10-S11 (ONE WAY CONTINUOUS SLAB) AT BASE MENT SLAB LEVEL

* MATERIALS USED :-
1) GRADE OF CONCRETE (Fck) = M 25
2) GRADE OF TOR STEEL (Fy) = Fe 415

* DESIGN OF SLAB :-

DESIGN PARTICULARS SPAN - 1 SPAN - 2 SPAN - 3 SPAN - 4 SPAN - 5

a) C/C span in meter 5 5 5 5 5

a) Slab Thickness 210 210 210 210 210

b) Self Wight of Slab 5.25 5.25 5.25 5.25 5.25

c) Floor Finish (50mm Thick) 1 1 1 1 1

d) Total Dead Load D.L. 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25

e) Total Live Load L.L. 10 10 10 10 10

f) Moment Coefficients REFER TABLE-12 OF IS:456-2000, Pg.No. 36

Support Moment -VE
D.L. -1/10 -1/12 -1/12 -1/10
L.L. -1/9 -1/9 -1/9 -1/9
Mid Span Moment +VE
D.L. +1/12 +1/16 +1/16 +1/16 +1/12
L.L. +1/10 +1/12 +1/12 +1/12 +1/10
g) Moment (M)
Support Moment -VE
D.L. x Lx2 x Moment coeff. -15.625 -13.021 -13.021 -15.625
L.L. x Lx x Moment coeff.
2
-27.778 -27.778 -27.778 -27.778
Mid Span Moment +VE
13.021 9.766 9.766 9.766 13.021
25.000 20.833 20.833 20.833 25.000
h) Factored Moment (Mu)
Support Moment -VE 65.104 61.198 61.198 65.104
Mid Span Moment +VE 57.031 45.898 45.898 45.898 57.031

i) Effective depth, d in mm 190 190 190 190 190

 j) K = Mu / b.d.d in N/sqmm. -VE 1.80 1.70 1.70 1.80
+VE 1.58 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.58

k) Percentage of Reinf. 'pt' -VE 0.56 0.52 0.52 0.56

+VE 0.48 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.48

l) Area of Reinforcement 'Ast' -VE 1056 987 987 1056

+VE 915 726 726 726 915

m) 'Ast' minimum @ 0.12% 252 252 252 252 252

n) Provide e #8 @ 100 #8 @ 100 #8 @ 100 #8 @ 100

#10 @ 100 #10 @ 100 #10 @ 100 #10 @ 100
a+b #10 @ 100 #10 @ 100 #10 @ 100 #10 @ 100 #10 @ 100

o) Ast provided mm2 -VE 1288 1288 1288 1288

+VE 785 785 785 785 785
* DEFLECTION CHECK :- (REF. FIG. 4 IS:456-2000)
914.6827320258 726.2407549242 726.2407549242 726.2407549242 914.6827320258
0.58 x Fy x Ast required
fs= 280 223 223 223 280
Ast provided

Modification factor,
1
Mf= 1.13 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.13
0.225+0.00322 fs-0.625 log( 1/ptpro)

Permissible L/d Ratio 29.28 37.04 37.04 37.04 29.28

Actual L/d Ratio 26.32 26.32 26.32 26.32 26.32

SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE

 ###
S3 S3 S3 S3

4000 4000 4000 4000

PLAN (C/L Diagram)

END SPAN INT. SPAN INT. SPAN END SPAN

Slab Mark : S3
Long Span ly, mm : 10000 10000 10000 10000
Short Span lx, mm : 4000 4000 4000 4000
ratio ly/lx : 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
Support Conditions :
a) End Span : discont. edge partially restrained, cont. edge simply supported
b) Int. Spans : simply supported contineous
Type of Slab : One-way contineous with more than three spnas
Method of Design : IS-Code Co-efficents
Grade of Conc. Fck N/mm2 : 20
Grade of Conc. Fy N/mm2 : 415
Unit wt of concrete : 25
Live load on Slab (access provd.), KN/m : 1.5
Floor Finish, KN/m : 1.75
Max. main reinf. Dia (Ø),mm : 10
Max. Sec.reinf. Dia (Ø),mm : 8
Nominal Cover, mm : 15
Effective Cover,mm : 20
Effective Span, l (assumed), mm : 4000
Trial Slab thick. : Decided based on deflection control criteria
Basic l/d ratio, (l/d)basic
a) for end span : 20
b) for int span : 26
c) Average value : 23
Max. allowable l/d ratio (l/d)max : =modification factor (kt) * (l/d)basic (for span upto 10m)
Assumed % tension steel pt : 0.3
Steel Service Stress fs, (N/mm^2) : 240
Modification factor kt : =1/ (0.225+0.00322fs + 0.625log10(pt) = 1.5
(l/d)max : 34.5
Reqd. effective slab thick, d, mm : 115.942029 115 say
Overall Slab Depth D, mm : 135
Loads : Considering 1m wide strip of Slab i.e. b=1000mm
 Dead Load, WDL (self wt + floor finish) KN/m : 5.125
Live Load, WLL KN/m : 1.5
Factored Dead Load Wu,DL : 7.69
Factored Live Load Wu,LL : 2.25
Design Moments : Caliculated using I.S. 456 moment co-efficients
(For symmetry First two span considered)

END SPAN INT. SPAN

L= 4.00 m L= 4.00 m

Support Moments, KN-m : -6.63 -16.30 -16.30 -14.25

Mid Span Moments, KN-m : 13.850 10.688
ABS. Max. Moment, KN-m : 16.30

Check for Concrete Depth

Maximum/ limiting moment, Mur,max : Ru,maxbd^2
Ru,max N/mm^2 : 2.76
Mur,max N/mm^2 : 36.501 > 16.30 Safe

Main Steel, Ast : Reqd. & provd. Ast., Diameter-spacing of bar at different sections
is shown in deataling of reinforcement part
Distribution Steel :
Ast.min (using Fe415), mm^2 : 162
Max. permissible spacing, mm : 450
Provided bar dia & spacing : # 8mm @ 300mm c/c
Ast.provd. : 167.5
Check for Deflection at mid spans :
Maximum mid span steel provided : # 8mm @125 mm c/c in the end Span
(Ast)provd., mm^2 : 401.920
(pt)provd., % : 0.35
fst, N/mm^2 : 213.614
Modification factor kt : 1.600
(l/d)max : 36.8
Reqd. d, mm : 108.70 < 115 Safe
 END SPAN INT. SPAN

1st. int. int.

Location end support mid section mid section
support support
Design, Mu, KN-m/m (abs values) 6.63 13.850 16.30 10.688 14.25
Reqd. Ast mm^2/m 164.52 356.69 425.43 270.76 367.78
Reqd. pt (%) 0.14 0.31 0.37 0.24 0.32
Min. Ast, mm^2/m 162 O.K
Reqd. spacing using
a) # 10 mm 477 220 185 290 213
b) # 8 mm 305 141 118 186 137
Maximum spacing, mm 300
spacing of bars provided
a) # 10 mm
b) # 8 mm 250 125 125 150 125
Provd. Ast mm^2/m 200.96 401.92 401.92 334.93 401.92
% variation w.r.t. to actual Ast 22.15 12.68 -5.53 23.70 9.28
 Table 26 Bending moment coefficients for rectangular panels supported o

Case
Type of panel and moments considered
No.
1.0
Interior panels
1 Negative moment at continuous edge 0.032
Positive moment at mid-span 0.024
One short edge discontinuous
2 Negative moment at continuous edge 0.037
Positive moment at mid-span 0.028
One long edge discontinuous
3 Negative moment at continuous edge 0.037
Positive moment at mid-span 0.028
Two adjacent edges discontinuous
4 Negative moment at continuous edge 0.047
Positive moment at mid-span 0.035
Two short edges discontinuous
5 Negative moment at continuous edge 0.045
Positive moment at mid-span 0.035
Two long edges discontinuous
6 Negative moment at continuous edge ----
Positive moment at mid-span 0.035
Three edges discontinuous (one long edge continuous)
7 Negative moment at continuous edge 0.057
Positive moment at mid-span 0.043
Three edges discontinuous (one short edge continuous)
8 Negative moment at continuous edge
Positive moment at mid-span 0.043
Four edges discontinuous
9 Positive moment at mid-span 0.056

Indicates edge condition as discontineous i.e., simply supported

PSWD Cell
nels supported on four sides with provision for torsion at corners

Short span coefficients,αx Long span

coefficients, αy
Values of ly/lx
for all values of
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2.00 ly/lx

0.037 0.043 0.047 0.051 0.053 0.060 0.065 0.032

0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.024

0.043 0.048 0.051 0.055 0.057 0.064 0.068 0.037

0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.044 0.048 0.052 0.028

0.044 0.052 0.057 0.063 0.067 0.077 0.085 0.037

0.033 0.039 0.044 0.047 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.028

0.053 0.060 0.065 0.071 0.075 0.084 0.091 0.047

0.040 0.045 0.049 0.053 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.035

0.049 0.052 0.056 0.059 0.060 0.065 0.069 --------

0.037 0.040 0.043 0.044 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.035

-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- 0.045

0.043 0.051 0.057 0.063 0.068 0.080 0.088 0.035

0.064 0.071 0.076 0.080 0.084 0.091 0.097 --------

0.048 0.053 0.057 0.060 0.064 0.069 0.073 0.043

-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- 0.057

0.051 0.059 0.065 0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043

0.064 0.072 0.079 0.085 0.089 0.1 0.107 0.056

Effective depth of slab (cl.22.2 of IS 456)

Selection of depths of slab is governed by the deflection criteria which is achieved by limiting span/depth ratio

Max. allowable l/d ratio (l/d)max =modification factor (kt) * (l/d)basic

7 for cantilever spans

Whrere (l/d)basic = 20 for simply supported slab

26 for contineous span

The above is valid for spans above 10 m. For span above 10m, values above may be multiplied by
10/span in metres, except for cantilever in which case deflection calculations should be made.

Modification factor depends on area/percentage of tension reinforcement (p t) and Steel stress at service
(fst).

Steel Stress at working Stress is assumed preliminary as 0.58 x yield stress of steel (Fy)

Steel area required

Actual Steel Stress is obtained as 0.58 Fy x
Steel area provided

Percentage of Steel (pt) for one-way slab is preliminarily assumed as

pt = 0.3 to 0.45% for M20 & Fe-415 steel

For lighter load and smaller span lower value is taken
Modification factor can be found by the eqaution below as given in SP-24

kt=1/ (0.225+0.00322fs + 0.625log10(pt) <= 2

Mod. Factor kt
pt fst=240/ fst=290/
Fe415 Fe500
(%) (N/mm^2) (N/mm^2) Therefore, effective depth is calculated as follows
0.20 1.78 1.39
0.30 1.49 1.20 l eff
0.40 1.33 1.10
l
0.50
0.60
0.80
1.24
1.16
1.07
1.03
0.98
0.91
Min eff. depth=d=
kt× ( )d basic
1.00 1.00 0.86 The calculated value should be rounded off to the
1.20 0.95 0.83 nearest multiple of 5mm or 10mm
1.40 0.92 0.80
1.60 0.89 0.78
1.80 0.86 0.76
2.00 0.84 0.74
2.20 0.83 0.73 Overall depth,D
2.40 0.81 0.72 =(d+ nominal cover+ 1/2 the dia of main bar)
2.60 0.80 0.71
The nominal cover to be provided depends upon
2.80 0.78 0.70 durability and fire resistance requirements. Table 16 and
3.00 0.77 0.69 16A of IS 456 provide the respective values.
4.00 0.73 0.65 Appropriate value of the nominal cover is to be provided
from these tables for the particular requirement of the
structure.
 durability and fire resistance requirements. Table 16 and
16A of IS 456 provide the respective values.
Appropriate value of the nominal cover is to be provided
4.50 0.71 0.64 from these tables for the particular requirement of the
structure.

Table 16 Nominal Cover to Meet Durability Requirements

(Clause 26.4.2)

Nominal
Concrete
Min.
Exposure Cover in Allowance permitted
grade
mm not
Less than

Mild M20 20 can be reduced by 5mm for main rebars < 12mm
Moderate M25 30
Severe M30 45 can be reduced by 5mm for main rebars < 12mm
Very severe M35 50
Extreme M40 75

Unless specified otherwise, actual concrete cover should not deviate from the required nominal cover
by +10 mm and -0

Nominal Cover (Cl.26.4.1of IS:456-2000)

Nominal cover is the design depth of concrete cover to all steel reinforcements, ,including links. It is the
dimension used in design and indicated in the drawings. It shall be not less than the diameter of the
bar.

Table 16A Nominal Cover to Meet Specified Period of Fire Resistance

(Clauses 21.4-and 26.4.3 and Fig. 1)

Design loads, bending moments and shear forces:

Design is carried out considering 1m wide strip (i.e., considering a beam of width i.e b=1000m)

Working Load Kn/m

1) Dead Load DL= WDL = Self wt. + Floor Finish etc. =(25D +FF) KN/m (D is in meter)
2) Live Load LL= WLL (as per IS code 875)

Ultimate Load Wu (KN/m) =1.5 x ( WDL + WLL)

=1.5 WDL and 1.5WLL Calculated separately for contineous slab as the
moment & S.F. co-eficients are given separately.

Design moment
1) Cantilever slab= Mu=Wu*L2/12
2) Simply supported slab= Mu=Wu*L2/8
3) Simply supported Cont. slab= Mu=α x Wu*L2
α is the moment co-efficients for DL & LL at at supports
and mid span given in IS Code.

Design moment co-effcients for One-way Contineous Slab:

** Moment and shear co-effcient are applicable for cases of (uniformly loaded) one-way contineous slabs
and (secondary) contineous beams of uniform cross-section which support substantially uniformly
distributed loads over three or more spans which do not differ by more than 15 percent of the longest.

** Shear co-effcient are not required for slabs as they donot have to check for shear, the shear stress being
kept in check by the adequate depth provided for deflection control.

DL
DL
LL
LL
DL W u¿ W
LL u¿
W 9 9
W
u +
u W u W u
+ ¿
¿
¿
¿
24 + ¿¿

¿ 10 12
¿ l2 ¿ l 2 ¿ l 2
¿ ¿
¿ −¿
¿− ¿ ¿ −¿
¿ ¿

END SPAN INT SPAN

DL
LL DL
LL
W u¿ W u¿
10
12
W u
+ ¿ ¿
W u
12 + ¿ ¿

16
¿ l 2
¿ ¿ l 2
+ ¿ ¿
¿ + ¿
¿

** In case, discont. end of a end span with partial fixity, above shown valus of co-eff. taken.
** In any span, sagging (positive) moment is assumed to be located at the midspan location and hence
reinforcement are provided a the bottom along short span.
** In any span, sagging (positive) moment is assumed to be located at the midspan location and hence
reinforcement are provided a the bottom along short span.
** In any span, hogging (negative) moment is assumed to be located at the face of support and hence
reinforcement are provided a top edge of slab span.
** End span with one end discont. is having larger moment than the int. spans and governs the thickness.
Often the same thickness is provided to int. spans also. For large nos. of int. span thcik provd. seaparately
for economy. For deflection check max. mid span moment is taken.

Detaling of Reinforcement: As per SP-34

a) Using Bent-up Bars: Alternate bottom reinforcement from either side are bent up to meet to the top
reinforcement require at the support. As the reinforcemnt at the support (-ve moment)
is more than the bottom reinf .( +ve moment), extra bars are reqd. to provided with any
diameter and matching spacing of bottom bars. Since the bars in either side of a support
generally have different spacing,this pose problem. Hence detailing with staright bars are
preferred.
b) Using Staright Bars: Separate reinforcemnt is detailed for the positive and negative reinforcement.
Effective span of slab and beam (cl.22.2 of IS 456)

Sl.No. Support condition Effective span

Lesser of
1 Simply supported beam & Slab (i) clear span + effective depth
(ii) centre to centre of supports
2 Continuous beam & slab
when the width of the support is < 1/12th of
2.1 Do
clear span
when the width of the support is > lesser of
2.2 1/12th of clear span or 600 mm whicever is
less
for end span with one end fixed and the
2.2.1 other end continuous or for intermediate Clear span between the supports
spans,
for end span with one end free
Lesser of (i) clear span + half the effective depth
2.2.2 (discontineous/simply supported) and the
(ii) clear span + half the width of discont.support
other end continuous

2.2.3 for spans with roller or rocker bearings. distance between the centres of bearings

3 Cantlever slab & beam

Cantilever slab at the end of a continuous

3.1 Length up to the centre of support
slab/beam
Length up to the face of the support + half the effective
3.2 Cantilever span
depth
4 Frames Centre to centre distance

Ref: Shah & Karve (illustrated design of RC

Note:
Bldg.)