Report
Report
Report
1.0 GENERAL
Quality Management systems have been developed and used by many in the
construction industry to ensure right things are done and things are done right the
first time. Quality Control is the operational techniques and the activities used to
keep the quality of inputs or outputs to specifications; to fulfill and verify
requirements of quality.
The Construction company understands that like most other aspects of construction
management quality control has to be planned. Planning seeks 'order' and a quality
control system for a construction project reflects this sense of order. It may be seen
to be in five basic stages:
Provide for long term quality control through establishing systems and developing a
quality culture
The Construction company have prepared our QCP considering all the elements of
quality control in building construction as well as the basic stages. We have deployed
an appropriate project team to ensure quality control in all aspects. Realistic work
program (Gantt chart) will be followed in implementing the project on time.
Qualification tests of materials and works will be carried out from time to time and
on continued basis ensuring quality. Inspections schedule at various stages have been
identified and documented and will be implemented at field as when required.
Various field inspection checklists will be followed at all stages of the work with a
view to completing the project on schedule and of course with quality. So the QCP
will be our guidelines for achieving the utmost quality in the building construction.
The objective of the project is to site-adapt design and construct the new academic
block.
This project has been taken by the coromandel engineering company pvt.ltd,
Chennai.The project is having G +8 Storeyes. And the quality engineer shall be
required to provide site-adapt the design engineering expertise and construction
services needed to build complete facilities.
The quality engineer will coordinate with all members of the Team, to ensure
projects are executed to a manner that promotes safe project implementation and a
quality product, in a timely manner, within scope and budget. The QA support
personnel will attend site visits, provide technical review of design documents,
plans, shop drawings etc. QA personnel will conduct frequent QA inspections and
monitor design and construction progress.
CHAPTEER 2.0
QUALITY CONTROL PLAN (QCP)
Quality Control is defined as the operational techniques and the activities used to
keep the quality of inputs or outputs to specifications; to fulfill and verify
requirements of quality. The quality of construction is of paramount importance for
the safety of the public and for the proper stewardship of the revenues expended
for infrastructure construction and maintenance. However, from a project
management perspective, quality relates to performance against the pre-determined
standards. Like most other aspects of construction management quality control has
to be planned. Planning seeks 'order' and a quality control system for a construction
project reflects this sense of order. It may be seen to be in five basic stages:
Setting the quality standard or quality of design required by client.
Planning how to achieve the required quality, construction methods,
equipment, materials and personnel to be employed.
Construct the building right first time.
Correct any quality deficiencies.
Provide for long term quality control through establishing systems and
developing a quality culture.
2.1 Introduction
Quality Management (QM) systems have been developed and used by many in the
construction industry to ensure right things are done and things are done right the
first time. The Quality engineer is responsible for the quality control of their
constructed work product as well as the necessary inspections and tests required to
ensure that their work complies with the contract documents. They exercise
authority over their workforce including QC personnel.
The Quality engineer shall maintain a QCP (Quality Control Plan) for the project.
Hence they submit a QCP for the project for approval by the Government. The
objectives of this QCP are to
• Describe the quality program and organization to be implemented so that the
project is constructed in accordance with the contract requirements and industry
standards;
• Describe guidelines for inspection and documentation of construction
activities;
• Provide reasonable controls and assurance that the completed work will
meet or exceed the requirements of the construction drawings and specifications;
and
• Describe how any unexpected changes or conditions that could affect the
construction quality will be detected, documented, and addressed during
construction.
The Team Leader forms the top management of the project team. He is
primary point of contract from the Contractor. He is is ultimately responsible for
the project’s success. The Team Leader (TL) is the primary point of contact for
government on all construction management issues. TL is responsible for the
overall management of activities related to the construction program, including the
implementation of the QCP and the health and safety program. He is responsible
for coordination of design activities in design phase and during construction stage,
for planning, coordination and controlling of the project. He will provide required
resources so the project is completed successfully, handles deployment of project
personnel. He sees that all phase reviews have occurred and have been completed,
that all comments have been satisfactorily addressed. He will be kept informed of
the project's progress and maintain that the project is meeting its goals. He will
resolve problems that cannot be resolved by the Project Manager or on-site Site
Manager.
The Site Manager is responsible for supervising the project site and
construction work in order to ensure that the requirements of the construction
contract are delivered according to the plan specifications. The Site Manager
provides regular updates to the project manager regarding the progress of
construction work, provides direct supervision and scheduling of trades people,
and is involved in arranging site inspections in conjunction with the project
manager.
2.3.4 QC Manager (QCM)
Site Safety & Health Officer (SSHO) is responsible for making sure that
people working in the construction industry adhere to certain rules and regulations
regarding safety. SSHO is trained in managing skills and safety principles. The
specific duties of a construction safety officer vary depending on the type of job
and the tools or machinery used.
The contractor QC control, verification, and acceptance testing plans set out
the QC inspections and testing for implementation of each technical specification
applicable to the contractor’s scope of work. The plans will cover the type, test
standard, frequency, control requirements, and assigned responsibility for
inspections and tests. The Client will review and approve these plans as part of the
contractor QCP submittals.
Quality engineer shall perform the inspections and tests as prescribed in the
technical specifications for the Contract. QA inspection and testing will be used to
verify the adequacy and effectiveness of the contractor QC program. The QA
inspection and testing frequency will be at the discretion of the CQAO based on
results of QC tests, evaluation of daily reports, audits of the QC program and
verification testing conducted by Govt and third party testing firm.
If determined that the characteristics of the material being used differ from the
material initially tested, Government/QA Staff will direct the contractor to repeat the
qualification testing. If the new material qualification test results meet the criteria of
the technical specification, the new materials may be used for the work; otherwise,
previously approved materials must be used or other acceptable materials must be
sampled and tested as noted above prior to incorporating into the work.
Minor deficiencies noted during test or inspection are verbally reported to the
contractor’s representative and noted on the daily construction report. Ideally, such
minor deficiencies can be corrected on the spot by agreement with the contractor’s
supervisor.
Non-conformances
4.4 Implementation
The Quality engineer shall establish and document an appraisal system to verify their
or their sub contractor’s implementation of and conformance to the QCP and
contract technical specification requirements. The assessment system shall be used
to make a determination regarding the effectiveness of the QC system.
4.5 Inspections
The Quality engineer shall establish a program for inspection of activities affecting
quality and shall cover all construction site and laboratory operations, including both
onsite and offsite operations. Inspections shall be performed to verify compliance
with documented instructions, drawings, procedures, and specifications as required
by the contract. All inspections shall be documented by the contractor.
A four-phase inspection program shall be followed for each definable feature of the
work. The four phases of inspection shall be carried out following the Quality
Inspection Report (vide Table 4.5 above) are:
• Ensure that all materials and /or equipment have been tested, submitted, and
approved.
• Conduct final follow-up inspections and correct test deficiencies prior to the
addition of new features of work.
• Develop a “punch list” of items that do not conform to the approved plans and
specifications.
• Include the punch list in the construction QC documentation that includes the
estimated date by which the deficiencies will be corrected.
• Perform a second completion inspection after punch list items have been
completed and USACE. has been notified by the DB contractor.
i. QC Testing
As required by the contract specifications, the Quality engineer shall establish a test
program to ensure that all required testing is properly identified, planned,
documented and performed under controlled and suitable environmental conditions,
including cleanliness. Such test procedures shall incorporate or reference the
requirements as contained in the contract technical specifications, codes, and
industry standards. Per the QCP, the contractor shall submit the test procedures to
Government/QA Staff for review and acceptance prior to their implementation.
The contractor shall be responsible for establishing a system of daily test reports that
will record all QC test results. Test results from each day’s work period shall be
submitted to Government/QA Staff prior to the start of the next day’s work period.
When required by the technical specifications, the contractor shall maintain
statistical QC charts. The contractor’s responsible technician and the QCM shall sign
the daily test reports. Government/QA Staff will review test results on a daily basis
and identify any non-conforming test results for discussion with the contractor
regarding potential corrective action.
The will conduct field-testing to verify that control measures are adequate to provide
a product that conforms to contract requirements. Field testing will be conducted
under the auspices of the QCM and he or his designee shall:
We shall follow the following test schedules for major materials and works in the
project:
TABLE 4.6A
Qualification Test of Aggregate Materials
Coarse Aggregate
Organic Impurities ASTM C40 Prior to use in Fine aggregate not darker than
concrete mix and reference standard color per ASTM
whenever C40. Sand exhibiting a color darker
character or than the referenced color shall be
source is changed rejected.
Soundness ASTM C33 Prior to use in Loss resulting after 5 cycles not to
concrete mix and exceed 8% for coarse aggregate or
whenever 10% for fine aggregate when using
character or sodium sulfate solution or 11% for
source is changed coarse aggregate or 14% for fine
aggregate when using magnesium
sulfate per ASTM C33
Abrasion ASTM C131 Prior to use in Loss not to exceed 10.5% after 100
concrete mix and revolutions, 42% after 500
whenever revolutions
character or
source is changed
Deleterious Materials ASTM C33 Prior to use in In accordance with tables in ASTM
concrete mix and C33
whenever
character or
source is changed
Material Finer than 200 ASTM C117 Prior to use in Not to exceed 1% for gravel or 1.5%
Sieve concrete mix and for crushed aggregate per ASTM C33
whenever
character or
source is changed
TABLE 4.6C
TESTING SCHEDULE OF PORTLAND CEMENT
Test Parameter Test Method Minimum QC Acceptance Criteria
Testing Frequency (verified by QA)
by Contractor
Chemical & Physical ASTM C150 Once for the brand In accordance with tables in
Requirements ASTM C150
TABLE 4.6D
TESTING SCHEDULE OF PILES
iii.QA Testing
The Contractor understands that Govt/QA Staff will be responsible for the Quality
Assurance; they will carry out QA materials sampling and testing program.
Contractor shall extend full cooperation to the client in carrying out QA inspection
and tests. QA testing is provided for the verification of the adequacy and
effectiveness of the contractor’s QC testing. QA testing performed by
Government/QA staff and is independent of and in addition to QC testing performed
by DB contractors.
When QA and QC test results do not compare or have wide variances, additional
testing may be needed to validate the results. The need for QA testing shall be based
on the following considerations:
• The QA staff shall develop a weekly quality test and inspection schedule using
the construction activity forecast as a guide.
A daily construction report will be prepared. The report will include a summary of
the contractor’s daily construction activities. Supporting inspection data sheets will
be attached to the daily report where needed. At a minimum, the daily construction
report will include the following information:
The daily construction reports will be routed on a daily basis to the project QC/QA
files and will be maintained as part of the permanent project record. These reports
are reviewed by Government/QA staff.
4.7.3 Inspection and Testing Report Forms
Report forms will be completed for inspections and tests conducted. The forms vary
depending on inspection or test type. These forms include:
Contractors will submit draft record drawings to Government/QA staff for review
and prepare final record drawings based on Governement’s comments. The draft
record drawings shall be submitted on one set of CD-ROM disks. Record drawings
submitted on CD-ROM shall be the latest version of AutoCAD by AutoDesk, Inc.
As-built Drawings
The Client working with the Contractor will be responsible for assuring that red-line
record drawings are maintained daily throughout the construction process. These
red-line record drawings will be used to update the design drawings to as-built status
at the completion of the work. The contractor will be responsible for red-lining
construction drawings in the field as preparation for as-built drawings.
The as-built drawings will record approved actual field conditions upon completion
of the work. The original design drawings will be marked up by the contractor as the
project progresses to indicate as-built conditions.
These records will be stored in files maintained in the project document control files.
The DB contractor provides an electronic or paper copy (suitable for scanning) of
QC documentation associated with the work to document control within three
business days of the generation of such documents; and one electronic copy of all
required submittals to Government/QA document manager.
The contractor shall maintain a fire-resistant storage facility at the processing facility
site. The facility shall contain all inspection reports, test records, contract
documents, project, and daily field reports. All records shall be available for
inspection and audit, at any time, by Government/QA Staff.
5.1 Submittals
The contractor shall submit RFI and other submittals to Client/QA Consultants. The
Client will administer and control the processing of contractor submittals. After
being reviewed for completeness, submittal documents will be transmitted to the
relevant project staff for review and verification for compliance with contract
requirements. The submittal’s disposition will be noted on the submittal, which will
be signed, dated and returned to the contractor. If required, the contractor will revise
the submittal, incorporating the comments and will resubmit it for review and
verification for compliance. Submittals will be logged and copies will be retained in
the project files.
5.2 Submittal Schedule
The contractor will submit and maintain a submittal schedule. The Government will
review and after consulting the QA support personnel will approve the submittal
schedule. The schedule will be initially submitted within two weeks or as specified
in the Contract Document after the award of the contract and then monthly with the
monthly baseline schedule updates. The Government shall work with the contractor
to prioritize and sequence submittals so that the most critical submittals are received
and processed first. The submittal schedule will become the baseline against which
receipt of all required submittals will be compared. The approved submittal schedule
will be forwarded to the Government for resource availability planning.
a) Contractor will number and certify the completeness of all submittals before
submitting to the Client;
b) Contractor must also complete submittal transmittal forms and submit in required
number copies and one electronic copy of all required submittals to the
Government’s document manager
c) Upon receiving the submittal the Government will log the submittal and provide
a review to ascertain whether the package is complete. If the submittal is
incomplete the submittal will be returned to the contractor.
The Contractor will maintain all submittal files via a combination of a secure
document filing and storage system, and a computerized document tracking system.
6. REVISIONS TO WORK
Moreover, the contractor may initiate QCP changes to correct QC process problems,
and is required to notify the Client in writing of any desired changes; all changes are
subject to Government/QA acceptance.
CONCLUSION
Through the internship, We learnt the function and importance of quality control.
Quality management in construction is a road map to business success through
quality.
Among the many topics it covers are:
how to use your system to help market your business and stay
competitive how to monitor and improve ongoing business
performance and much, much more(Construction skills)
The aim of the doing internship on the quality control is to find out the
shortcoming of quality management of enterprise, then to make progress through
theinernship, so as to improve the quality of product, work, and service, while
strengthen the quality management system, and raise the overall level of quality
management. For a construction organization, the quality of construction project is
the protection of all the work. In order to establish the corporate image and
strengthen competitiveness, the quality of construction is required constant
improvement.
There are still some suggestions for the quality management and control of
construction project.
(1) The mathematical methods can be used for quantitative control and
management of project quality. It can make quality management more quantitative,
objective and scientific, which is advantageous to constantly improving the
construction quality and raise the level of construction quality management.