Ar 2012 13

Ministry of Environment & Forests
CONTENTS
Sl. Chapter Page No.
No.
Role and Mandate of the Ministry v
1. Natural Resources - Survey and Exploration 1
2. Conservation 39
3. Environmental Impact Assessment 119
4. Abatement of Pollution 131
5 Conservation of Water Bodies 189
6. Regeneration and Eco-development 203
7. Research 215
8. Education and Awareness 267
9. Centres of Excellence 299
10. Fellowships and Awards 317
11. Environmental Information 325
12. Legislation and Institutional Support 341
13. Sustainable Development and Climate Change 345
14. International Cooperation 363
15. Administration and Civil Construction 379
16. Plan Coordination and Budget 393
Annexures 400
iv
Annual Report 2012-2013
v
Role and Mandate of the Ministry Facility (GEF) and regional bodies such as
Economic and Social Council for Asia and
Role of the Ministry
Pacific (ESCAP) and South Asian Association
The Ministry of Environment & Forests for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) on matters
(MoEF) is the nodal agency in the Central pertaining to environment.
Government for overseeing the implementation
The broad objectives of the Ministry are:
of India’s environment and forest policies
and programmes relating to conservation ● Conservation and survey of flora, fauna,
of the country’s natural resources including forests and wildlife,
lakes and rivers, its biodiversity, forests and ● Prevention and control of pollution,
wildlife, ensuring the welfare of animals and
● Afforestation and regeneration of degraded
prevention and abatement of pollution. While
areas,
implementing these policies and programmes,
the Ministry is guided by the principle of ● Protection of the environment, and
sustainable development. ● Ensuring the welfare of animals.
The Ministry is also the nodal agency for These objectives are well supported by
the United Nations Environment Programme a set of legislative and regulatory measures,
(UNEP), South Asia Co-operative Environment aimed at the preservation, conservation and
Programme (SACEP), International Centre for protection of the environment. Besides the
Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) legislative measures, a National Conservation
and the United Nations Conference on Strategy and Policy Statement on Environment
Environment and Development (UNCED). The and Development, 1992, National Forest
Ministry also coordinates with multilateral Policy, 1988, a Policy Statement on Abatement
bodies such as the Commission on Sustainable of Pollution, 1992 and a National Environment
Development (CSD), Global Environment Policy, 2006 also guide the Ministry’s work.
vi
The organization structure of the Ministry ● National Museum of Natural History.

indicating various Divisions and its autonomous ● Biosphere Reserve Programme.
and subordinate offices is given at Annexure-
● National Forest Policy and Forestry
I-A & I-B.
Development in the country including
Mandate of the Ministry Social Forestry.
Allocation of Business ● All matters relating to Forest and Forest
● Environment and Ecology, including Administration in the Andaman and
environment in coastal waters, in Nicobar Islands.
mangroves and coral reefs but excluding ● Indian Forest Service.
marine environment on the high seas. ● Wild Life Preservation and protection of
● Survey and Exploration of Natural wild birds and animals.
1
Resources particularly of Forest, Flora,
● Fundamental and applied research and
Fauna, Ecosystems etc.
training including higher education in
● Bio-diversity Conservation including that forestry.
of lakes and wetlands.
● Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological
● Conservation, development, management Park.
and abatement of pollution of rivers which
● N at i o n a l As s i s t a n ce to Fo re s t r y
shall include National River Conservation
Development Schemes.
Directorate.
● Environmental Impact Assessment. ● Indian Plywood Industries Research and
Training Institute, Bangalore.
● Environment research and development,
education, training, information and ● Afforestation and Eco-development which
awareness. shall include National Afforestation and
Eco-Development Board.
● Environmental Health.
● Forest Development Agenc y and ● Desert and Desertification.
Joint Forest Management Programme ● Forest Survey of India.
for conservation, management and ● Indian Institute of Bio-diversity, Itanagar.
afforestation.
● Central Pollution Control Board.
● Wildlife conservation, preservation,
● G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan
protection planning, research, education,
Environment & Development.
training and awareness including Project
Tiger and Project Elephant. ● Wildlife Institute of India and Indian Board
● International co-operation on issues for Wildlife.
concerning Environment, Forestry and ● Indian Institute of Forest Management.
Wildlife. ● Central Zoo Authority including National
● Botanical Survey of India and Botanical Zoological Park.
Gardens. ● Indian Council of Forestry Research &
● Zoological Survey of India. Education.
vii
● Andaman and Nicobar Islands Forest and ● The Water (Prevention and Control of
Plantation Development Corporation Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 (36 of 1977).
Limited.
● The Air (Prevention and Control of
● Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Pollution) Act, 1981 (14 of 1981).
● Matters relating to pounds and cattle ● The Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927).
trespass.
● The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of
● Gaushalas and Gausadans.
1972).
● The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act,
● The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
1960 (59 of 1960).
(69 of 1980).
● The National Environment Tribunal Act,
1995 (27 of 1995). ● The Environment (Protection), Act, 1986
(29 of 1986).
● The National Environment Appellate
Authority Act, 1997 (22 of 1997). ● The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
● The Water Prevention and Control of (6 of 1991).
Pollution Act, 1974 (6 of 1974).
viii
Survey of Flora
Botanical Survey of India
Introduction
The Botanical Survey of
India (BSI) is the apex research
organization under the Ministry of
Environment and Forests, Govt. of
India for carrying out taxonomic
and floristic studies on wild plant
resources of the country. It was
established on 13th February,
1890 with the basic objective
Fig-1. Palash (Butea monosperma) used for timber, resin, fodder, medicine and dye
to explore the plant resources
of the country and to identify
the plants species with economic virtues. general and protected areas, hotspots and
Sir George King, the then Superintendent fragile ecosystems in particular; publication
of the ‘Royal Botanic Garden’ Calcutta was of National, State and District Floras.
appointed as First ex-officio Honorary Director – Identification of threatened/red list species
of the BSI. After independence the department & species rich areas needing conservation;
was reorganized in 1954 by Government ex-situ conservation of critically threatened
of India as a part of scientific development species in botanical gardens.
of the country. During the successive plan – Survey and documentation of traditional
periods, the functional base of BSI was further knowledge (ethno-botany) associated with
expanded to include various new areas such as plants.
inventorying of endemic, rare and threatened
– Develop a National database of Indian
plant species; evolving conservation strategies;
plants, including herbarium and
studies on fragile ecosystems and protected
live specimens, botanical paintings/
areas, like wildlife sanctuaries, national parks
illustrations, etc.
and biosphere reserves; multiplication and
maintenance of endemic and threatened plant Secondary objectives
species, wild ornamentals, etc., in Botanic – Revisionary/Monographic studies on
Gardens and Orchidaria; documentation of selected plant groups.
traditional knowledge associated with plants – Qualitative analysis of nutritive value of
and development of National Database ethno-food plants and other economically
of herbarium specimens/live collections/ useful species.
botanical paintings/illustrations, plant – Capacity building in plant taxonomy
distribution and nomenclature, plant uses, etc. through refresher courses and post M.Sc.
Primary objectives of BSI certificate course.
– Environment Impact Assessment of areas
– Exploration, inventor ying and
assigned by MoEF
documentation of phytodiversity in
2
– Develop and maintain Botanical Gardens, Tawi Wildlife Sanctuary), Meghalya (South
Museums and Herbaria. Garo Hills – Siju Wildlife Sanctuary,
– Preparation of Seed, Pollen and Spore Baghmara Pitcher Plant Wildlife Sanctuary
Atlas of Indian Plants. and Balpakram National Park, Pynursla &
Progress/achievements made during the Mawphlang block in East Khasi Hills district,
year (upto Dec., 2012) Ri-Bhoi district, Sohrarim, Mawphlang,
Laitkynsew, Mawryngkneng, Jowai and
A. B o t a n i c a l E x p l o r a t i o n &
Jarain)
Inventorisation of Phytodiversity
– Arid – Semi Arid: Haryana (Sultanpur
Field tours and Herbarium consultation National Park); Gujarat (Shoolpaneshwar
tours Wildlife Sanctuary, Narmada, Dang District);
Sixty seven field tours were undertaken for Rajasthan (Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife
1
floristic/ethnobotanical/ pharmacognostical Sanctuary, Sirohi, Udaipur, Rajsamand and
studies on flowering and non-flowering Chhittorgarh districts for lichens)
plants, as well as live germplasm collection
– Ganjetic Plains: Uttar Pradesh (Upper
for introduction in the gardens, by different
Ganga Ramsar Site), Chhattisgarh (Korea
regional centres and units of BSI covering the
and Korba area); Jharkhand (Koderma
following regions. These include 25 tours in 19
Wildlife Sanctuary, Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary,
protected areas.
Udhwa Lake Bird Sanctuary, Ranchi,
– Western Himalaya: Uttarakhand (Upper Ramgarh and Bokaro district for Algae), Bihar
Girthi valley, Badhani Forest, Sunderdhunga (Gautam Buddha Wildlife Sanctuary), West
valley and its surroundings, Mothranwala Bengal (Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary, Jaldapara
and Mussoorie); Jammu & Kashmir (different Wildlife Sanctuary); Odisha (Nabarangpur,
localities of Ladakh in cold desert area); Balangir and Dhenkanal, Chilika lagoon and
Himachal Pradesh (Shimla, Kullu, Manali, Rushikulya coast in Khurda and Ganjam
Narkanda and Rohtang) district)
– Eastern Himalaya: Arunachal Pradesh – Deccan Peninsula: Andhra Pradesh
(Ajnaw District, West Siang District, East (Kadapa and Rajampeta divisions of
Kameng District, West Kameng District, Pakke Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve and
Wildlife Sanctuary); Sikkim (Lungthang, Thimmamma marrimanu of Kadiri area,
Kupup, Memenchu lake and Tamzey area Ananthapur district, Nagarjunasagar-
of East Sikkim; Lachen, Thangu and Yangri Srisailam Wildlife Sanctuary)
areas of North Sikkim; Lachen, Chopta – Western Ghats: Maharashtra (Lonavala,
Velley, Zema, Samthang, Kalep, Thangu Khandala, Matheran and adjacent areas,
and Chhaten of West Sikkim); West Bengal Mahabaleshwar, Panchgani, Sawantwadi,
(Jalpaiguri District) Ambholighat, Radhanagari, Koyna Wildlife
– North–East India: Assam (Ranga, Kakoi & Sanctuary & adjacent areas, Kas Plateau,
Dullung Reserve Forests, North Lakhimpur), Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary,
Mizoram (Murlen National Park, Blue Thane district); Tamil Nadu (Srivilliputhur
Mountain National Park, Ngenpui Wildlife Wildlife Sanctuary, Kalakad Mundanthurai
Sanctuary, Khawaglung Wildlife Sanctuary, Tiger Reserve, Tirunelveli); Karnataka
3
(Sharavathi valley Wildlife Sanctuary, Pilikula – Eragrostis henryi C. P. Vivek, G.V.S. Murthy
Nisarga Dhama, Mangalore and Pilikula & V. J. Nair [Poaceae]
Nisarga Dhama, Agumbey and adjoining – Eriocapitella rupicola (Cambess.) Pusalkar,
areas) D.K. Singh & S.K. Srivast [Ranunculaceae]
– Coastal Region: Kerala (Seaweeds of – Frullania mizoramensis Sushil K.Singh &
Kerala) Barbhuiya [Frullaniaceae]
– Andaman & Nicobar Islands: North – Lactarius crenulatus K. Das & Verbeken
Andaman Islands (Narcondum Islands, East [Russulaceae]
Islands, Peacock Islands, Paget Islands, North
– Lactarius croceigalus K. Das & Verbeken
Reef Islands.); South Andaman Islands (Rani
[Russulaceae]
Jhasi Marine National Park); Little Andaman
Islands (John Lawrence, Henry Lawrence, – Nervilia pangteyana J.S.Jalal, P.S. Kumar &
Outrum, Rutaland Island) G.S. Rawat [Orchidaceae]
Apart from that 14 herbarium consultation – Opegrapha granulosa S. Joseph & G.P. Sinha
tours and 16 ex-situ conservation tours were [Opegraphaceae]
also conducted. – Rhododendron pangeanum Mao A. A. and
M. Bhaumik [Ericaceae]
During these field tours, ca 13,743
specimens were collected and 5,791 specimens – Syncesia coonoorensis S. Joseph & G.P. Sinha
were identified into 5399 species. This resulted [Roccellaceae]
into the discovery of 01 new genus (Fungi), 17 – Tropidia hegderaoi S. Misra [Orchidaceae]
new species, 22 new records for India and 33 – Zeuxine mooneyi S.Misra [Orchidaceae]
new distributional records for biogeographic
New Specific records for India
regions/states. 05 plant species were collected
after more than 50 years. – Anredera cordifolia ( Ten.) Steenis
Basellaceae
New Genus
– Apistonema expansum Geitler
– Beltramono D u b e y, Pa n d e y & [Chryophyceae]
Manoharachary [Dematiaceae] – Bacidia arceutina (Ach.) Rehm & Arnold
New species [Ascomycota]
– Beltramono costei Dubey, Pandey & – Bacidia heterochroa (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr.
Manoharachary [Dematiaceae] [Ascomycota]
– Bispora aeglei D ubey, Pandey & – Drepanolejeunea longii Grolle & R.L.Zhu
Manoharachary [Dematiaceae] [Lejeuneaceae]
– Caloplaca gyrophorica Joshi, Y., Jagadeesh – Drepanolejeunea siamensis (Bischl.) Grolle
Ram, T.A.M. & G.P. Sinha [Ascomycota] & R.L.Zhu [Lejeuneaceae]
– Corydalis devendrae Pusalkar – Drepanolejeunea tibetana (P.C.Wu & J.S.Lou)
[Fumariaceae] Grolle & R.L.Zhu [Lejeuneaceae]
– Corydalis magni Pusalkar [Fumariaceae] – Ficus carica L. sub. sp. Rupestris (Hausskn.
– Drepanolejeunea devendrae Sushil K. Singh ex Boiss.) Browicz. [Moraceae]
& M. Dey [Lejeuneaceae]
4
– H ed yo t is t r i men i i Deb & Dutta Andaman & Nicobar Islands

[Rubiaceae] – Blumea milnei Seem. [Asteraceae]
– Hyptis brevipes Poit [Lamiaceae] – Eleocharis acutangula (Roxb.) Schult.
– Ilex excelsa (Wall.) Hook.f. var hypotricha [Cyperaceae]
(Loesener) S.Y. Hu [Aquifoliaceae] – Epirixanthes elongata Blume
– Kobresia gandakiensis Rajbh. & H. Obha [Polygalaceae]
[Cyperaceae] – Eruya nitida Korth. [Theaceae]
– Kobresia kansuensis Kiik [Cyperaceae] – Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC.) Urb.
– Lactifluus ochrogalactus (Hashiya) Wang [Leguminosae]
[Russulaceae] – Scurrula parasitica L. [Loranthaceae]
– Lecanora bicincta Ramond – Strobilanthes viscosea (Arn. ex Nees)
1
[Lecanoraceae] T. Anders. var. digitalis [Acanthaceae]
– Monallanthes brevicyndrus Pascher – Strobilanthes viscosea (Arn. ex Nees)
[Xanthophyceae] T. Anders. var. viscosa [Acanthaceae]
– Radula chinensis Steph. [Radulaceae] – Trichosanthes quinquangulata A. Gray
– Ranunculus hirtellus Royle var. orientalis [Cucurbitaceae]
W.T. Wang [Ranunculaceae] – Tristellateia australasiae A . R i c h
– S t y l o s a n t h e s h a m a t a ( L . ) Ta u b . [Malphigiacea]
[Fabaceae]
Assam
– Synura splendida Korshikov.
– Per tusaria thiospoda Knight.
[Chryophyceae]
[Pertusariaceae]
– Trachelomonas volvocina var. compressa
Drezep. [Euglaenophyceae] Himachal Pradesh
– Tylopilus pseudoscaber (Secretan) Smith – Arenaria kumaonensis Maxim.

and Thiers [Boletaceae] [Caryophyllaceae]
New Record for Region / State Kerala
Peninsular India – Memecylon clarkeanum Cogn.

[Melastomataceae]
– Ficus variegata Blumee [Moraceae]
Mizoram
Himalayas
– Lycianthes laevis ( D u n a l ) Bitter
– Marchantia emarginata Reinw. et al. subsp.
[Solanaceae]
Emarginata [Marchantiaceae]
– Frullania neurota Taylor [Frullaniaceae]
– Radula acuta Mitt. [Radulaceae]
Nagaland
– Radula pandei Udar & Dh. Kumar
[Radulaceae] – Mycetia mukerjiana Deb & Dutta
[Rubiaceae]
North Eastern Region
Sikkim
– Frullania riojaneirensis (Raddi) Spruce
[Frullaniaceae] – Per tusaria har tmannii M ü l l. A rg.
[Pertusariaceae]
5
– Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & – Sterculia khasiana Debb. Ex Kanjilal, P. C.

Nees [Marchantiaceae] Kanjilal & Das (Sterculiaceae) after more
Tamil Nadu than 100 years from Garo Hills in Meghalaya
after its type collection.
– Anredera cordifolia ( Ten.) Steenis
B. Documentation of Phytodiversity
[Basellaceae]
– Per tusaria endoxantha Vain. National Flora (Flora of India)
[Pertusariaceae] – Taxonomic description of 100 species
– Vanda thwaitesii Hook. f [Orchidaceae] (Family Acanthaceae) completed
Uttarakhand – Taxonomic description of 4 species (Genus

Adiantum) completed
– Androcorys pugioniformis (Lindl. ex Hook.f.)
– Taxonomic description of 20 species
K.Y. Lang [Orchidaceae]
(Genera Jencellus, Anosporum, Sorostachys
– Anemone obtusiloba D. Don var. and remaining taxa of Cyperus)
potentilloides Lauener [Ranunculaceae] completed
– Paeonia emodi Wall. ex Royle var. glabrata – 364 species of following 14 projects have
Hook.f. & Thomson [Ranunculaceae] been completed by the Junior Research
– Parrya nudicaulis (L.) Regel [Brassicaceae] Fellows of BSI under Flora of India.
West Bengal – Floristic study of the liverworts and

hornworts of Arunachal Pradesh
– Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J. F. Macbr. with special reference to West Siang
[Lythraceae] district; Moss Flora of Darjeeling
– Le u ca s ze yl a n i ca (L.) R. Brown District; Taxonomic Revision of Genus
[Lamiaceae] Athyrium Roth in India; Taxonomic
– Merremia quinquefolia (L.) Hallier f. Revision of Indian Hymenochaetaceae;
[Convolvulaceae] Taxonomic Revision of Revision
of family Pertusariaceae in India;
Plants collected after more than 50 years Taxonomic Revision of Revision of
– Ardisia keenanii C.B. Clarke (Myrsinaceae) family Roccellaceae in India; Taxonomic
after 138 years from Borail Wildlife Revision of Revision of Genus Kobresia
Sanctuary in Cachar district of Assam in India; Taxonomic Revision of Revision
of the tribe Vernonieae (Asteraceae) in
– Ta en iophyl l um f i l i f orm e J . J . S m .
India; Taxonomic Revision of Subtribe
(Orchidaceae) after a lapse of about 135
Habenariinae (Orchidaceae) in India;
years from South Andaman.
Taxonomic Revision of the family
– Pellaea calomelanos (Sw.) Link (Adiantaceae) Bignoniaceae; Taxonomic Revision
after a lapse of about 100 years from of the family Memecylaceae in India;
Kumaon region in Central Himalayas Taxonomic Revision of the genus Festuca
– Polyalthia crassa R.Parker (Annonaceae) in India; Taxonomic Revision of Tribe
after a lapse of about 92 years from North Heliantheae in India; Wetland flora of
Andaman. Gangetic plains in Bihar from Buxar to
Katihar; Flora of Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary
and Poaceae of Odisha State.
6
Regional/State/District Flora
Taxonomic description of 954 species for
Flora of Uttarakhand, Flora of Gujarat, Grass
Flora of Arunachal Pradesh, 65 species for
Flora of Anjaw District, Arunachal Pradesh,
Flora of West Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh,
Polypodiaceae of North East India, Bryoflora
(Hepaticae & Anthocerotae) of Mizoram, Flora
of South Garo Hills Dist., Meghalaya, Wild
Mushrooms of North Sikkim, Pteridophytic
Flora of North Sikkim, Flora of Sikkim, Flora
of Chhattisgarh, Floral Diversity of Upper
1
Ganga Ramsar Site, Uttar Pradesh, Flora of Fig-2. Water Lilly (nelumbo nucifera)
Uttarakhand, Vol. II, Endemic & Threatened
Pteridophytic Flora of North West Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh; Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary,
Flora of Cold Desert of N. W. Himalayas, Vol. II Jharkhand; Ranga, Kakoi and Dullung Reserve
(Part II), Flora of Gujarat State, Vol. III, Ferns of Forests, Assam; Rani Jhansi Marine National
Maharashtra, Foliicolous Fungi of Maharashtra, Park, South Andamans; Seshachalam Biosphere
Orchids of Maharashtra, Seaweed of Kerala Reserve, Andhra Pradesh; Sharavathi Valley
Coast, Herbs and Shrubs of Greater Hyderabad, Wildlife Sanctuary, Shimoga, Karnataka;
Flora of N. Andaman Isls. (Narcondam, Peacock, Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, Narmada,
Paget and North Reef Isls.), Foliicolous lichens Gujarat; Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil
of Andaman Islands, Alpine & Sub-Alpine Flora Nadu; Sultanpur National Park, Haryana; Udhwa
of Central Arunachal Pradesh, Flora of Bihar, Lake Bird Sanctuary, Sahibganj, Jharkhand
Flora of Jharkhand, Liverworts & Hornworts were completed
of Sikkim, Wood Rotting Fungi of Koderma C. Ex-Situ Conservation
Wildlife Sanctuary, Jharkhand and Algae of
– 135 live plants under 49 species collected
Jharkhand.
from Meghalaya & Arunachal Pradesh have
Flora of Protected Areas been introduced in the nursery of Acharya
Jagadish Chandra Bose IBG, Howrah.
Taxonomic description of 576 species
Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary, Jalpaiguri, West – 23 rare and endangered species have been
Bengal; Gautama Buddha Wildlife Sanctuary, introduced in other associated botanic
Bihar; Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary, gardens of different Regional Centres.
Maharashtra; Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary, D. Micro-Propagation of Threatened
Jalpaiguri, West Bengal; Jamwa Ramgarh Species
Wildlife Sanctuary, Rajasthan; Koderma
– Multiplication of Cymbidium tigrinum,
Wildlife Sanctuary, Jharkhand; Malabar Wildlife
C. eburneum, Illex khasiana (at ERC,
Sanctuary, Kakkayam, Kozhikode, Kerala;
Shillong) and Eremostachys superba,
Murlen National Park, Mizoram; Nagarjunasagar
Pittosporum eriocarpum and Indopiptadenia
Srisailam Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh;
oudhensis (at NRC, Dehradun) have been
Pakhui Wildlife Sanctuary, East Kameng Dist.,
taken up through tissue culture.
7
E. Studies of Nutritional Values of Wild – One more ethnobotanical field tour was
Edible Plants of Meghalaya undertaken, to the Nabarangpur, Odisha.
– Total phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol 216 nos. of ethnobotanical interested
content, reducing power and DPPH radical species in duplicate voucher specimens
scavenging activity of wild edible fruits collected with the help of medicine man
of Zanthoxylum armatum, Gomphogyne (Baidya or elder village people) from
cissiformis, Gymnopetalum cochinensis, different tribal populated village areas
Artocarpus gomeziana, Baccaurea sapida at Nabarangpur district. There are about
and wild edible leaves of Allium porrum, 270 ethnobotanical uses recorded. Out of
Carpesium cernuum, Tricyrtis pillosa, 270 uses 153 are as medicinal 54 as food,
Spilanthes acmella, Leea sambucina, 7 veterinary, 8 fodder, 7 rope making, 2
collected from Meghalaya state, were herbal dye, 9 tooth brush, 3 insect repellant
carried out using different solvent system. 4 hair oil and 25 other purposes. Some of
The antioxidant activities of different these specimens are dried properly and
parts of Lysimachia laxa and Gymnocladus poisoned. GPS was used and recorded data
assamicus were also carried out. of location of different places. Collected
F. Documentation of Indegenous 20 items of different kind of seeds and
Knowledge of Plant Resources plant parts for ethnobotanical museum.
– An ethnobotanical field tour was Visited weekly market (Hut) at a) Jharigaon
undertaken to Dhenkanal, Odisha state as b) Hathibari and collected different plant
per Annual Action Plan 2012-2013. A total parts. About 250 photographs of different
of 320 ethnobotanical interested plant plant specimens and tribal habitation
species in duplicate voucher specimens taken
were collected with the help of medicine – A total of 207 field nos. comprising 621
man from different tribal populated village ethno-botanically important specimens,
at Dhenkanal. Among these 320 plants, 194 36 exhibits for Museum and about 20
plants were used as medicine, 42 plants specimens (bulbs & corms) for garden were
as edible, 14 plants for small timber, 5 for collected from Dang district, Gujarat.
agriculture implements, 8 as bio-fencing,
G. Report of The Indian Botanical
3 plants as insect repellent, 3 as tooth
Liaison Officer
brush, 3 for oil, 2 for liquor, 10 as fodder
and 4 as rope/fibre. – Images of 205 Type/authentic specimen
images were sent to various researchers
– Another ethnobotanical field tour was
undertaken to Balangir District, Odisha in India.
state as per Annual Action Plan 2012-2013. – 694 pages photocopies of protologues of
Collected 205 field nos. comprising 284 37 species and 50 research papers, and
ethnobotanical information, which are three complete books related to Indian
used by the tribes and other rural people Botanic Gardens, which were published
for different purposes e.g. medicine (148), in 1861, 1895 and 1907, were sent for use
edible (28), fodder (8), broom (2), tooth by BSI scientists, University and College
stick (3), plates (2), dye (2), Fish poison teachers and students. Apart from that
(2) and miscellaneous (89) more than 270 pages of downloaded
8
articles (pdfs) and archival materials, – From 24.10.2012 to 05.11.2012, one

especially of protologues, were sent as field trip to Srikakulam District was
photo images. undertaken and covered seven sacred
– Some of the genera represented by groves viz., Jagathimetta, Mallemmathalli,
only type or few authentic specimens, Saigiri, Chinnammathalli, Peddammathalli,
like Brachystelma, Didymocarpus were Jattlathada,and Mandlaboda. Collected 10
imaged. species and inventoried all the available
species.
– About 150 type/authentic specimens
of Lamiaceae were imaged and ca. 12 I. Publications
taxa were identified/confirmed based on – Plant Discoveries 2011
images sent for identification/ confirmation. – Vanaspati Anveshan 2011
Nomenclatural problems for ca. 24 taxa,
1
– Bibliography and Abstracts of papers on
were solved/ clarified after referring the
Flora of Maharashtra.
original publications.
– During this period attended 12 lectures/ The following publications are in press:
talks at Kew and two evening meeting at National Flora:
the Linnean Society. One Symposium was
– Flora of India, Volume 23
also attended in which various lectures
on different topics were given by the – Fascicles to the Flora of India, Volume
researchers funded by Bentham-Moxon 25
Trust. State Flora & District Flora:
H. Floristic Study of Sacred Groves – Flora of Kerala, Volume 2
– One day field trip to Thimmamma – Flora of Subansiri District, Arunachal
marrimanu of Kadiri area, Ananthapur Pradesh, Vol. 1 & Vol. 2
district was undertaken on 2nd July 2012. – Paschim Banglar Udvid, Volume 5
32 plant species have been enumerated
from the sacred groves. Specialized Group:
– 3 field tours viz., to 1. Chilkur Balaji, 2. – Aphyllophorales of Himalaya, Volume 1 &

Naubat pahad & 3. Syed Mir-Mohammad Volume 2
darga were conducted and documented – Pharmacognosy of Negative listed
the flora of the sacred groves. 24 specimens plants
were collected. – Ephiphyllous Liverworts of Eastern
– Conducted one herbarium consultation Himalaya
tour from 15th to 21st June to SV University, – Bamboos of Meghalaya.
Anantapur. – Pictorial Guide of Some Indian Plants in
– 2 non scheduled field tours ware CITES & Negative List of Export.
undertaken in Ranga Reddy District
Checklists:
and Chittor District and 33 specimens
collected – Algae of India – Checklist 1
(Cyanophyceae)
9
Fig-3. Ashoka tree (Saraca asoca) – an important tree in the cultural traditions of the Indian Subcontinent and adjacent areas
– Algae of India – Checklist 2 (Chlorophyceae, Journals:

Xanthophyceae, Chr ysophyceae, – Vanaspati Vividhata ki kuch visishta lekh
Euglenophyceae)
– Nelumbo, Volume 54 (1)
– Algae of India – Checklist 3 (Marine
– Vanaspati Vani, Volume 21
Algae)
– ENVIS Newsletter, Issue 17 (1)
– Checklist of Gymnosperms of India
In addition, scientists of BSI published 135
– B i b l io gra phy o f I n di a n Poaceae
research papers and communicated 60 research
(Gramineae)
papers in various peer reviewed journals, both
Flora of Protected Areas: Indian and foreign.
– Flora of Gangotri National Park, Western I. Miscellaneous
Himalaya
Maintenance and enrichment of Herbaria
– Flora of Rajiv Gandhi National Park, in BSI: During the period 1124 specimens
Karnataka mounted, 6,789 herbarium specimens
– Flora of Bhagawan Mahavir (Mollem) remounted, 20,359 herbarium sheets dusted
National Park, Goa and fumigated, 14,268 herbarium sheets
– Flora of Sri Venkateshwara National Park, poisoned and 4,569 sheets have been
Andhra Pradesh incorporated in different herbaria.
10
Digitisation: BSI started digitizing its – A ‘Capacity Building Training Course in

herbarium specimens in its Data Centre at Plant Taxonomy’ organized by ENVIS-BSI
CNH for creation of Digital Herbarium (DH) during 21-22 April, 2012 in which more
of high resolution images and Indian Virtual than 50 researchers participated.
Herbarium (IVH) of low resolution images by Implementing Organisation with details of
deploying the manpower from its existing Responsibilities
strength and set a target of digitization of 5000
– H e a d q u a r t e r s : P h a r m a c o g n o s y,
specimens in the year 2012-13. Digitization of
Cryptogamy, Ecology, Plant Chemistry,
2865 specimens completed by the month of
Flora Cell, Palynology and Library at
December 2012.
Howrah; Publication Unit & Technical
Public Services rendered: BSI Section at Kolkata.
disseminated scientific information to public Current Projects
1
and also assisted scientists, students and
researchers in their pursuit of taxonomic Pharmacognosy Unit
research on plants. During the period – Pharmacognostic studies on medicinal
scientists, students and visitors, including Aconites of India
9 VIPs, have visited the Botanic Gardens,
Cryptogamic Unit
Herbaria and Museums of BSI; 185 requests for
information and supply of plant materials have – Liverwort & Hornwort Flora of Sikkim
been attended. Identified 180 plant materials – Moss Flora of Darjeeling District, West
and supplied 1125 pages of photocopied Bengal
literature.
– Algal Flora of Jharkhand
Revenue Earnings: During the period BSI – Wood Rotting Fungi of Koderma Wildlife
earned ` 1,17,055/- (1) Sale of departmental
Sanctuary (Jharkhand)
publications (2) identification of plant
specimens and supply of photocopied Ecology Unit
literature, etc. – A Checklist of Dinophyceae in India
Scientific Workshop/Training Programme Plant Chemistry Unit
attended/organized:
– Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value
– A training course in plant taxonomy was of Wild Edible Plants of Meghalaya
organized at BSI, NRC, Dehradun during – Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah:
March 19–26, 2012. Total 39 (23 outside
Established in 1787 at Howrah, the IBG
from Universities, Institutions) and 16 in
has an area of ca 273 acres with a National
house trainees have attended this training.
Orchidarium, 25 Lakes and number of
28 lectures on various topics on Plant
conservatories. Initially served as platform
Diversity and Herbarium Techniques were
for introduction of such commercially
delivered by the resource persons of BSI,
important plants, as cardamom, pepper,
Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun,
nutmeg, cotton, tobacco, indigo, coffee,
National Botanical Research Institute
sago, teak, cinchona, rubber, jute,
(NBRI), Lucknow and Universities.
mahogany, etc. It has 2132 species under
11
Table-1. Statewise Status of projects undergoing during 2012-13

Name of State/UT Status (Projects undergoing during 2012)
Andaman & Nicobar Islands 1. Flora of North Andaman Islands (Narcondam, Peacock, Paget, Landfall)
2. Flora of Rani Jhansi National Park
3. Foliicolous lichens of Andaman Islands
Andhra Pradesh 4. Flora of Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve, Andhra Pradesh
5. Flora of Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh
6. Flora of 650 Sacred Groves of Andhra Pradesh
7. Herbs and Shrubs of Greater Hyderabad
Arunachal Pradesh 8. Grass Flora of Arunachal Pradesh
9. Flora of Anjaw District
10. Flora of West Siang District
11. Flora of Pakhui Wild life Sanctuary, East Kameng
12. Alpine and Sub-Alpine Flora of Central Arunachal Pradesh
13. Liverworts and Hornworts of West Siang District
Assam 14. Flora of Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary
15. Flora of Ranga, Kakoi and Dullung Reserve Forests, Assam
Bihar 16. Wetland flora of Gangetic plains in Bihar from Buxar to Katihar
17. Flora of Gautam Buddha Wildlife Sanctuary
18. Flora of Bihar
Chhattisgarh 19. Flora of Chhattisgarh
Gujarat 20. Ethnobotany of Junagarh District
21. Flora of Gujarat, Vol. III
22. Flora of Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, Narmada
23. Lichens of Kutch and Gujarat
Haryana 24. Flora of Sultanpur National Park
Jammu & Kashmir 25. Endemic & Threatened Pteridophytic Flora of NW Himalayas
26. Flora of Cold Desert of NW Himalaya
27. Flora of Jammu & Kashmir, Volume V
Jharkhand 28. Flora of Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary
29. Flora of Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary
30. Wood Rotting Fungi of Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary
31. Flora of Udhwa Lake Bird Sanctuary
32. Algal Flora of Jharkhand
12
Name of State/UT Status (Projects undergoing during 2012)
33. Flora of Jharkhand

Karnataka 34. Flora of Sharavathi valley Wildlife Sanctuary
Kerala 35. Flora of Kerala, Volume V
36. Seaweed Survey of Kerala Coast
37. Flora of Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kozikode
Maharashtra 38. Ferns of Maharashtra
39. Flora of Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary
40. Flora of Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary
1
41. Folicolous Fungi of Maharashtra
42. Studies on the Orchids of Maharashtra
Meghalaya 43. Checklist of flora of Meghalaya
44. Flora of South Garo Hills Dist., Meghalaya
45. Chemical composition & nutritive value of wild edible plants of
Meghalaya
Mizoram 46. Bryoflora (Hepaticae & Anthocerotae) of Mizoram
47. Flora of Phawangpui Blue Mountain Peak, Mizoram
48. Flora of Murlen National Park, Mizoram
Odisha 49. Ethnobotany of Odisha
50. Poaceae of Odisha
Rajasthan 51. Flora of Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife Sanctuary
52. Lichens of Rajasthan
Sikkim 53. Liverwort & Hornwort Flora of Sikkim
54. Pteridophytic Flora of North Sikkim
55. Studies on Wild Mushrooms of North Sikkim
56. Flora of Sikkim
Tamil Nadu 57. Flora of Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary
Uttar Pradesh 58. Floral Diversity of Upper Ganga Ramsar Site,
Uttarakhand 59. Flora of Uttarakhand
West Bengal 60. Flora of Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary
61. Flora of West Bengal, Volume V
62. Moss Flora of Darjeeling District
13
Table-2. Budget Allocation (` in Thousand)
PLAN NON PLAN

BE 2012–13 Expenditure Percentage BE 2012–13 Expenditure Percentage
upto (%) upto (%)
31.12.2012 31.12.2012
127500 101075 79 236600 210062 89
cultivation including (two living types and) has 20,000 exhibits of economic plants
1092 exotics. Every year over 5 lakh people and plant products arranged in 8 Bays
visit the garden for education, awareness for public awareness; 70,000 herbarium
and recreation purposes. specimens; 18 volumes containing 700
Current Projects samples of Indian textiles in silk, cotton,
muslin and wool, representing one of the
– Collection, introduction and multiplication
20 sets captioned Textiles Manufactures
of 100 endemic, threatened, medicinal,
and Costumes of the People of India, and
ornamental and economically important
a 15 volume companion set on Natural
plants
Dyes.
– Indigenous Palms of India Current Projects
– Bamboos of India: Ex – situ
– Collection of economic plant materials for
Conservation
enrichment and replacement of exhibits
– Development of Division No. 25 of AJC of the Botanical gallery
Bose IBG.
– Listing of collections of George Watt
– Orchids of Tripura & North Bengal deposited at BSIS
– Central Botanical Laboratory, Howrah: – Central National Herbarium, Howrah:
Established in 1954 at Kolkata and later Established in 1795 at Howrah, holds ca
shifted to Howrah with Economic Botany, 2.05 million specimens of seed plants,
Cytology & Plant physiology section. 10,000 type specimens, 12,000 Wallichian
Current Projects specimens and 10,000 non-flowering
– Ethnobotany of Odisha state plants. The unit has been responsible for
discovery of 09 genera and 235 species
– Revision of the Family Memecylaceae in
new to science.
India
Current Projects
– Ethnomedicinal uses of Fabaceae in India
recorded in herbarium and published – Alpine and Sub-Alpine Flora of Central
literature Arunachal Pradesh
– Ethnobotanical information recorded in – Editing & Updating of mss. of Flora of West
herbarium and literature for treatment of Bengal, Vol. V (Monocot) Hydrocharitaceae
stone. – Poaceae (37 families)
– Industrial Section, Indian Museum, – Editing of Flora of India, family
Kolkata: Established in 1887 at Kolkata Acanthaceae
14
– Flora of Bihar, Volume – I [Introduction, at Sankie View has ca 400 species under
Key to the Families, Ranunculaceae cultivation.
– Mimosaceae (ca. 728 species, 62 Current Projects
families)]
– Flora of Anjaw District, Arunachal
– Flora of Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary, Jalpaiguri, Pradesh
WB. (ca 368.99 sq. km.)
– Flora of West Siang District, Arunachal
– Flora of Gautam Buddha Wildlife Sanctuary, Pradesh
Bihar & Jharkhand,(ca. 259 sq. km.) – Liverworts and Hornworts of West Siang
– Flora of Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary, West District
Bengal (ca 216.51 sq km) – Revison of Family Aspidiaceae in N.E.
– Flora of Jharkhand, Volume – I [Introduction, India
1
Key to the Families, Ranunculaceae – Grass Flora of Arunachal Pradesh
– Mimosaceae (ca. 728 species, 62
– Flora of Pakhui Wild life Sanctuary, East
families)]
Kameng
– Flora of Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary, – Taxonomic Study of family Polypodiaceae
Jharkhand. (ca.150 sq. km) (ca 100 spp.) of North East India
– Flora of Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary, – Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong:
Jharkhand. ca.183 km2 Jurisdiction – Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya,
– Flora of Udhwa Lake Bird Sanctuary, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura. Established
Jharkhand (ca 5.65 sq. km.) in 1956 at Shillong, the circle has ca
– Palynotaxonomic studies of Lauraceae of 2,71,000 herbarium specimens, including
India 508 types representing 5 genera and 89
species discovered as new to science. The
– Revision of the Genera Carex L. and
associated garden of 10 ha at Barapani
Kobresia Willd. in India
has ca 800 species under cultivation.
– Revision of the Genus Festuca in India
Current Projects
– Revision of the Tribe Vernonieae in India
– Bryoflora (Hepaticae & Anthocerotae) of
– Study on Genera Jencellus, Anosporum, Mizoram
Sorostachys and remaining taxa of Cyperus
– Checklist of flora of Meghalaya
under Flora of India. (ca. 88 taxa)
– Flora of South Garo Hills Dist., Meghalaya
– Verification of deposition of types at
different herbaria of BSI based on names – Flora of Barnadi Wild life
of new taxa published during 1990 – 2004 – Flora of Ranga, Kakoi and Dullung Reserve
in some selected journals Forests, Assam
– Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre, – Flora of Murlen National Park, Mizoram
Itanagar: Jurisdiction - Arunachal Pradesh. – Micropropagation of RET plants of NE India
Established in 1977, the circle has 13,500 (Nymphaea & Cymbidium)
herbarium specimens, including 34 types
– Multiplication and conservation of Rare/
representing 20 species discovered as new
Endangered/Economically important
to science. The associated garden of 48 ha
plants in Botanic Garden of BSI-ERC.
15
– Sikkim Himalayan Regional Centre, Database on Oil Yielding Plants completed;

Gangtok: Jurisdiction – Sikkim. Established hard copy format published (2008). Seeds
in 1979, the circle has 40,000 herbarium Database initiated.
specimens, including 6 types representing Current Projects
6 species discovered as new to science.
– Development of database of introduced
The associated garden in the campus
trees of BGIR, NOIDA
has ca 200 species, mostly orchids, under
cultivation. – Development of database of medicinal
plants
Current Projects
– Development of Database of Seeds of
– Studies on Wild Mushrooms of North
indigenous trees
Sikkim
– Protocol Development for germination of
– Pteridophytic Flora of North Sikkim
selected tree species
– Flora of Sikkim – Ecological survey of BGIR woodlands
– Central Regional Centre, Allahabad: – Recording of phenological data of species
J u r i s d i c t i o n – M a d hya Pra d e s h , growing in garden
Chhatisgarh, Uttar Pradesh. Established
– Northern Regional Centre, Dehradun:
in 1962 at Allahabad, the circle has ca
Jurisdiction – Uttarakhand, Chandigarh,
69,000 herbarium specimens, including 03
Punjab, Haryana, HimachalPradesh,
types. Seventeen species and 07 varieties
Jammu & Kashmir. Established in 1956
have been described as new to science
at Dehradun, the circle has ca 1, 21,500
from here. The associated garden of 02 ha
herbarium specimens, including 112
in the campus has ca 570 species under
types representing two genera and 66
cultivation.
Current Projects associated gardens of 23 ha at Dehradun,
– Flora of Chhattisgarh Pauri and Khirsu have ca 500 species under
– Floral Diversity of Upper Ganga Ramsar cultivation.
Site, Uttar Pradesh Current Projects
– Lichens of Rajasthan, Kutch and Gujarat – Endemic & Threatened Pteridophytic Flora
– Revision of Family Rocellaceae in India of North Western Himalayas
– Revision of the tribe Heliantheae in – Flora of Uttrakhand, Vols. III & IV
India – Revision of the Family Bignoniaceae in
– Studies on Family Pertusariaceae in India
India – Revision of the Genus Athyrium in India
– Botanic Garden of Indian Republic, – Revisionary studies of genus Adiamtum
Noida: Jurisdiction - National Capital L. in India (c. 31 spp.)
Territory Region of Delhi. 4300 indigenous – Flora of Cold Desert of North West
saplings and 554 seedlings of medicinal Himalayas
plants have been procured different
– Flora of Sultanpur National Park,
parts of Terai region and Odisha for BGIR.
Haryana
16
– Taxonomic Revision of Subtribe Established in 2005 at Hyderabad, the circle

Habenariinae (Orchidaceae) in India has ca 10,000 herbarium specimens.
– Revision of Indian Hymenochaetaceae Current Projects
– Arid Zone Regional Centre, Jodhpur: – Herbs and Shrubs of Greater Hyderabad
Jurisdiction – Rajasthan, Gujarat. – Flora of Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve,
Established in 1972 at Jodhpur, the Andhra Pradesh
circle has ca 24,800 herbarium specimens,
– Flora of Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Wildlife
including 17 types representing 09
Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh
species discovered as new to science.
The associated garden of 06 acres in – Flora of 650 Sacred Groves of Andhra
the campus has ca 185 species under Pradesh
cultivation. – Poaceae of Odisha State
1
Current Projects – Southern Regional Centre, Coimbatore:
– Flora of Gujarat, Vol. III Jurisdiction – Tamil Nadu, Kerala &
– Ethnobotany of Gujarat (Junagarh Lakshadweep Islands. Established in 1955
District) at Coimbatore, the circle has ca 2,75,000
herbarium specimens, including 2594
– Flora of Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife Sanctuary,
Rajasthan types representing 08 genera and 155
– Flora of Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary,
associated garden of 19 ha at Yercaud and
Narmada, Gujarat
in the campus has ca 1100 species under
– Western Regional Centre, Pune: cultivation
Jurisdiction – Maharashtra, Karnataka,
Current Projects
Goa, Daman, Diu, Dadra & Nagar Haveli.
Established in 1955 at Pune, the circle – Seaweed survey of South East Coast of
has ca 1,70,000 herbarium specimens, India.
including 571 types representing two – Flora of Kerala, Vols. III, IV & V
genera and 146 species discovered as new
– Flora of Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary,
to science. The associated gardens of 19.5
Kozikode, Kerala
ha at Mundhwa and in the campus have
ca 400 species under cultivation. – Pollen and Seed morphology of Genus
Andrographis Wall. ex Nees using SEM
Current Projects
– Seed morphology of Ficus L. using SEM
– Flora of Great Indian Bustard Wildlife
Sanctuary, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra – Study of Caryopsis in Eragrostis Sporobolus
and Tripogon genera of Poaceae using
– Ferns of Maharashtra
SEM
– Foliicolous Fungi of Maharashtra
– Study of Pollinia of South Indian Orchids
– Flora of Sharavathi valley Wildlife Sanctuary,
using SEM
Shimoga, Karnataka
– ANDAMAN & NICOBAR REGIONAL
– Deccan Regional Centre, Hyderabad:
CENTRE, PORT BLAIR: Jurisdiction –
Jurisdiction – Andhra Pradesh, Odisha.
17
– Fauna of States
– Fauna of Conservation Areas
– Fauna of Important Ecosystems
– Status Survey of Endangered Species
– Ecological Studies/Environment Impact
Assessment Survey, and
– Computerization and Dissemination of
Data
Primary Objectives
Fig-4. A view from great Andaman The current mandate of ZSI is survey,
collection documentation (including the
Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Established traditional knowledge associated with animals)
in 1972, the circle has 22,000 herbarium and ex situ conservation of wild animal diversity
specimens, including 100 t ypes of the country.
representing two genera and 66 species
High priority areas include
discovered as new to science. The
associated garden of 30 ha at Dhanikheri – Digitization of present collections,
has ca 200 species under cultivation. preparation of fine scale distribution
maps based on primary occurrence data
Current Project
and making it available in a searchable
– Flora of Rani Jhansi Marine National format.
Park
– Publication of National and State faunas.
– Flora of N. Andaman Isls. (Narcondam,
– Ta xo n o m i c s t u d i e s, re v i s i o n a r y /
Peacock, Paget and North Reef Isls.)
monographic studies on selected animal
– Foliicolous lichens of Andaman Islands groups.
Survey of Fauna – Identification of Red list species and species
rich areas needing conservation and focus
Zoological Survey of India
on data deficient species to collect more
Introduction and Objectives information on populations.
The Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), a – Development of National database
premier institution under the Ministry, has of Indian animals including Museum
been undertaking survey, exploration and specimens, live specimens, paintings,
research leading to the advancement of our illustrations etc. and maintenance of
knowledge on the exceptionally rich faunal already existing collections with modern
diversity of the country since its inception in facilities and as per international standards
1916. With its headquarter at Kolkata and 16 of collection management.
Regional Centers located at different parts of – Developing and maintaining Museums
the country, ZSI in recent years re-oriented its and using such facilities for conservation
plan of work by grouping the survey and studies education for people especially
under the following six major programmes: students.
18
– Ex situ conservation of critically threatened coast, one to east coast of India, one to Costal
taxa. zone of Tamil Nadu, one to Gulf of Mannar and
– Cap ac i t y b u i l di n g i n ta xo n o my, one to Kerala coast.
nomenclature, specimen collection, Biosphere Reserve / Conservation areas:
preservation and maintenance through Fourteen surveys, two to Sunderban, one each
training programmes. to Middle Eastern Ghat, Eastern Ghat Northern
Secondary Objectives Western Ghat and Southern Western Ghat,
three to Western Ghat, one to Kachchh from
– To establish a panel of experienced and
Gujarat and two to Valmiki Tiger Reserve from
active taxonomists and obtain their
Bihar during the year.
consent to participate in fauna project.
– To prepare annotated checklist of different National Parks: Five surveys, one to Chambal
1
groups of animals, museum collections, from Madhya Pradesh, two to Saddle peak from
based on published documents giving Andaman, two to Sultanpur from Haryana.
local names if any with locality and habitat.
Wildlife Sanctuaries: Ten surveys, three to
Make available the electronic version
Sajnekhali, West Bengal, one to Bethuadahari,
of checklist to the general public; and
West Bengal,two to Kalatop-Khajjar, Himachal
circulate it among the panel of zoologists
Pradesh, one each to Kalakkad, Tamil Nadu,
who would, in turn, check for omissions,
Bhitarkanica, Odisha, Nongkhyllen, Meghalaya
ambiguities, localities and habitat through
and Landfall Island from Andaman.
active consultation with other local
zoologists. States and Union territories: Under the
– To begin with, publication of state state fauna programme 25 surveys in several
faunas electronically giving correct districts of Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Himachal
names, localities, habitats, sketches and Pradesh, Jharkhand, Kerala, Tamil Nadu,
photographs of important species on an Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and
interactive Fauna of India Website. This will Uttarakhand were carried out.
act as an outreach programme for all the
Ecological / Status Survey: Totally four Status/
biologists, and other interested public.
ecological survey namely Fishes of Ganga
Performance/ Achievements/ Progress Brahmaputra Drainage and Fishes of West Khasi
made during the year Hills, Indian Golden Gecko (Calodactyloides
Faunal explorations and surveys aureus) and Coral reefs and associated
organisms in Palk Bay were carried out.
Mountain Ecosystem: Four surveys were
undertaken to Spity valley from Himachal Other studies: Totally eighteen surveys were
Pradesh undertaken, one on Insect Pest and Pollinator of
crop pest of North Bengal, one to Budge Budge,
Estuarine ecosystem: Four surveys, two to
South Parganas on Earthworm population, five to
Pennar estuary from Andhra Pradesh, one to
Indian Botanical garden, one to Bankura District
Diamond harbor from West Bengal and one to
on Lepidoptera, two to Bihar and Jharkhand, two
Narmada Tapti.
to Arunachal Pradesh, three to Madhya Pradesh
Marine /Island ecosystem: Six extensive and three surveys to Eastern Himalaya to study
surveys one each to Maharashtra and Gujarat on Zooplankton of lower Arunachal.
19
Nicobar Administration)
– Lead Institution-Great Nicobar
Biosphere Reserve (Sponsored by:
MoEF)
– Faunal Diversity of Great Nicobar
Biosphere Reserve (Sponsored by:
MoEF).
– Rapid EIA studies on the road
alignment from Shastri Nagar to
Indira Point, Great Nicobar Island
(Sponsored by: Border Roads Task
Force, Ministry of Defense, Govt. of
India
– Preparation of Management
Fig-5. Chowsingha (Tetracerus quadricornis) Action Plan for Lohabarrack
the four-horned antelope in its wild habitat Crocodile Sanc tuar y, South
Andaman (Sponsored by: DoEF,
S ome I mp or tant Research studies Andaman and Nicobar Administration)
undertaken
– Status survey on Holothurians of A&N
– Optical Characterisation of Corals – Islands (Sponsored by: DoEF, Andaman and
A collaborative project with Space Nicobar Administration
Application Centre, Ahmedabad. – Rapid EIA studies on runway extension in
– Improving quality of Reefs through Campbell Bay, Great Nicobar and Sibpur,
Transplantation/Restoration of Corals North Andaman (Sponsored by: Indian Navy,
at Gulf of Kachchh (Sponsored by World Ministry of Defense, Govt. of India
Bank) – Strengthing of Marine Aquarium and
– Promoting Scientific Research and Regional Centre at Digha, West Bengal
Molecular studies of Civets of the genus (Sponsored by: World Bank)
Viverra particularly Malabar Civet V. – All India Coordinated Project on Nematode
civettina Taxonomy (Capacity Building)
– Survey and monitoring the health of coral Special Collaborative Projects: The details
reefs of India, National Coral Reef Research of the special collaborative projects are as
Institute (NCRI) (Sponsored by MoEF) follows;
– Diversity and Distribution of Corals and
– Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has
their Associated Fauna of Rani Jhansi
been signed with the Indian Institute of
Marine National Park, Andaman (Sponsored
Sciences, Bengaluru for molecular study
by MoEF).
of fishing cat.
– Monitoring the Coral Reefs of Andaman and
– ‘Faunal Diversity of Protected Areas in
Nicobar Islands (Sponsored by: Department
Chhattisgarh (Phase-1)’ and ‘District–wise
of Environment and Forests, Andaman and
Faunal Diversity of Chhattisgarh (Phase-1)
20
(Sponsored by : Government of Chhattisgarh: One new discovery of fish

CAMPA Fund) – Balitora laticauda Jadhav and Dhanakar,
– Feasibility study of re-introduction of 2012
Pygmy Hog in Garumara National Park, One new discovery of scleratinian coral
Jalpaiguri, West Bengal funded by Forest
– Favites monticularis sp.nov.
Directorate, Govt. of W. B.
One new discovery of bird
Research Activities
– Rallina sp.
Discoveries of New Taxa / Species: During
the surveys 35310 examples of various groups New addition to the fauna of India
of animals were collected. Altogether 16249 – Arcello excavata
examples belonging to 1450 species were – Centropyxis delicatula
1
identified by the scientists of ZSI Head quarter – C. discoides
and regional centres. In addition 11 species
– Ercolania kencolesi
new to science have been described during
the year and 47 species were added new to the – Pseudoceros irretitus
fauna of India. – Chromoloris joshi
Species New to Science – Mexichromis mariei
– Three new discoveries of – Hapalogenys filamentosus

platyhelminthes – Goniopor apalmensis
– Batrachotremakorbaensis Rizvi, Bursey and – G. tenella
Bhutia, 2012 – Acropora crateriformis
– Opisthioparorchisnanoranae Rizvi, Bursey – Montastrea magnistellata
and Bhutia, 2012
– Platygyra yaeyamaensis
– Opisthioparorchisdehradunensis Rizvi,
– Pavona frondifera
Bursey and Bhutia, 2012
– Comanthina belli
One new discover y of centipedes
(scolopendromorpha) – Gymnodoris okinawae
– Cryptopsmalabarensis Dhanya Balan, – Pseudoceros imitates
Sureshan and Vinod Khanna 2012 – Prosthiostomumtri lineatum
Two new discoveries of insects – Notospermus tricuspidatus
– Lathriobatesmanohardasi Chandra and – Favia marshae
Jehamalar, 2012
– Alveopora allingi
– Ochterusnicobarensis Chandra and
– A. gigas
Jehamalar, 2012
– Balanophyllia merguiensis
– Neodutaserrata Rajamohana and Abhilas
Peter, 2012 – B. vanderhorsti
One new discovery of fresh water crab – Paracyathus caeruleus
– Oziotelphus ganjamensis Pati and Sharma, – Euphyllia paraglabrescens
2012 – Catalophyllia jardinei
21
Table-3. Details of number of species identified from different surveys
States/UT’s Protozoa Rotifera Nematoda Mollusca Annelida Crustacea Cladocera Decapoda Insecta Odonata
Andhra Pradesh 10 6 11 13
Assam 9 2
Bihar 12 12 5
Goa 65
Gujarat 33
Himachal Pradesh 4 12
Karnataka 14
Kerala 12 9
Maharashtra 18 69 25
Mizoram 5
Odisha 4 2
Rajasthan 12 11
Tamil Nadu 4 7 13 18 8
Uttarakhand 8 10
Uttar Pradesh 26
West Bengal 4 20 15
22
States/UT’s Orthoptera Hemiptera Homoptera Coleoptera Lepidoptera Arachnida Echinodermata Fishes Amphibia Reptilia Mammalia
Andhra Pradesh 8 13 5 3 7
Assam 11 9
Haryana 33 32 6
Himachal Pradesh 58 22 13 7
Madhya Pradesh 25 17 14
Maharashtra 7 7 39 10 35 14
Manipur 6 12
Meghalaya 12 11 6
Odisha 6 10
Rajasthan 7
Tamil Nadu 7 7 24
Uttarakhand 23 41 35
Uttar Pradesh 35
West Bengal 5 34
– Montipora turtlensis – Kachchh, Gujarat: Two species of Fishes and

– M. crassituberculata three species of ants were identified.
– Tetralianigro lineata – Kalakkad, Mundanthurai, Tamil Nadu:
– Chrysiptera parasema Forty five species of Odonata, thirty two
species of Gastropods, twenty four species
– Stylophora danae
of Fishes and four species of Insectawere
– S. subseriata determined.
– Halgerdealbo cristata – Middle Eastern Ghat, Tamil Nadu: Two
– Pseudobiceros gratus species of Cladocera, sixteen species of
– P. scintillate Odonata, thirteen species of Gastropod,
– T. cinctipes seven species of Lepidoptera, four
– Favorinus mirabilis species of Hymenoptera, seven species of
1
Fishes and two species of Reptiles were
– Haplodoris estrelyado
determined.
– Phyllidiapol kadita
– Northern Western Ghat, Maharashtra: Six
– P. monacha species of Collembola were determined
– Robastra gracilia
Wildlife Sanctuary
– Montipora samarensis
– Phansad, Maharashtra: 27 species of
– Anacropora forbesi
Lepidoptera, 15 species of Orthoptera, 5
– Seriatopora guttatus species of Scolopendromorpha, 20 species
– Psammacoranier straszi of Odonata, 3 species of Hymenoptera,
– Rhizopsammia verrilli 7 species of Frogs, 3 species of Lizards,
2 species of Collembola and 5 species of
Taxonomic studies
Fishes were determined.
The research work carried out on the
– Veerangana Durgavati, Madhya Pradesh:
fauna collected from different states, protected
4 species of Lepidoptera, 8 species of
areas and important ecosystems are as
follows;
Fauna of States
The details of number of species
identified from different surveys of
different States are given in Table-3.
Fauna of Conservation Areas

Tiger / Biosphere Reserve
– Sunderban, West Bengal: Two
species of Grasshopper, five
species of Brachyuran crab and
three species of Dipterawere
determined. Fig-6. Lion
23
Butterflies, 5 species of Odonata and 4 – Porurlake, Tamil Nadu: 15 species of

species of Spiders were determined. Mollusca were determined
– Singhori, Madhya Pradesh: 10 species Wetland / Fresh water / Riverine
of Scarabaeid beetles, 15 species of
– Chambal River, Rajasthan: 9 species of
Lepidoptera, 22 species of Butterflies, 13
species of Fresh water Mollusca, 11 species
of Lycosidaewere determined. – Lakes of Udaipur, Rajasthan: 78 species of
aquatic nematode were determined.
– Chail, Himachal Pradesh: 17 species of
Lepidoptera, 3 species of Orthoptera, 3 – Krishnarajasagar, Karnataka: 7 species of
species of Oligochaetawere determined. Fishes, 3 species of Rotifera, 5 species of
Cladoceraand 2 species of Copepod were
– Radhangari, Maharashtra: 7 species of
determined.
– Kalatop-Khajjar, Himachal Pradesh: 8 – Konkan region, Maharashtra: 15 species
species of Oligochaeta, 4 species of of Fishes were determined.
Lumbricidae, 19 species of Insects, 4 – Palk Bay, Tamil Nadu: 4 species of
species of Orthoptera, 13 species of Nematode, 5 species of Foraminifera and
Lepidoptera and 2 species of Fishes were 2 species of Rhizopod were determined.
determined. Forests
– Nongkhyllen, Meghalaya: 2 species of
– West Khasi Hills, Meghalaya: 9 species
Amphibia, 16 species of Fishes and 2
of Hemiptera, 2 species of Toads were
species Snakes were determined.
determined
– Pobitra, Assam: 4 species of Protozoa were
determined. Marine / Island / Coastal
National Parks – Pallikarani marsh, Tamil Nadu: Totally nine

species of Amoebae and sixteen species
– Rajaji, Uttarakhand: 4 species of Protozoa,
of Fishes were determined.
and 3 species of parasitc Nematode were
determined. – Andaman and Nicobar – 171 species
of Scleractinian corals, 40 species of
– Silent Valley, Kerala: 2 species of Fishes
Echinoderms, 37 species of Nudibranchs,
were determined.
107 species of Gastropods, 23 species of
– Kaziranga, Assam: 4 species of protozoa Crustacea, 57 species of butterflies, 43
were determined. species of Ophisthobranchs, 87 species of
– Keibul-Lamjao, Manipur: 6 species of Mollusca, 22 species of Odonata, 12 species
Amphibia were determined. of Gorgonids, 6 species of Sponges, 5
– Chandoli, Maharashtra: 2 species of Fishes species of Polyclads, 108 species of Fishes,
were determined 5 species of Amphibians, 13 species of
Fauna of Important Ecosystems Reptiles, 72 species of Birds and 7 species
of mammals were determined.
– Spiti valley, Himachal Pradesh: 10 species
of Insecta, 1 species of Frogand 2 species Other studies
of Toadswere determined – Pictorial Handbook on Fishes of North-
East (NE): List of 400 species updated and
24
photography is under
progress.
– Pictorial Handbook
on Dragonflies
and Damselflies of
Rajasthan: Description
of 15 species was
completed and two
photo plates were
prepared.
– Pictorial Handbook
on Fishes and
1
Amphibians of
Himachal Pradesh:
Diagnostic characters
of 15 species of Fishes Fig-7. Tree frog or Flying frog (genus Rhacophorus)
and 17 species of
Amphibians were completed. Training and Extension
– Pictorial Handbook on Butterflies of – Conducted “Capacity Building workshop

Arunachal Pradesh: The manuscript has on Protected Molluscs for Frontline staffs
been submitted for the publication. of Wild Life Enforcement Department”
on 18.05.2012 in collaboration with
– Identification and Advisory services:
Malacology Division of ZSI, at Annandale
The ZSI continued its task of rendering Hall of ZSI, HQ, Kolkata.
Identification and Advisory services free of
– Celebrated “International Biodiversity Day”
cost to research and teaching institutions
on 22.05.2012 at Annandale Hall, ZSI,
in India and abroad, Central and state
Kolkata.
Government/Agencies, NGO’s, Industries
and also to individuals on zoological Publications
specimens and related matters. – Records of Zoological Survey of India:
– Development of National Zoological Vol.111. Part -4
collections: The ZSI, as a National – Occasional Papers: No. 333 and 335.
repository of Zoological collections, Special Publications
maintains identified species belonging
– Animal Discoveries-2011
to all animal groups in the country. The
National Zoological collections were – National and State Animals of India
further enriched by the addition of 35310 – Marine Biodiversity in India
examples of specimens (unnamed) and – Coral Identification manual
16250 identified specimens pertaining to – Marine Ecosystems and Marine Protected
1450 species. Areas in India
25
Table-4. Budget allocation and Progress of Expenditure during 2012-13 XII Plan Outlay
(` Crore)
Plan Non-Plan
BE RE 2012-13 Exp. Upto (%) BE 2012-13 RE 2012-13 Exp. Upto (%)
2012-13 31.12.2012 31.12.2012
15.32 18.41 13.13 85 16.35 17.91 14.69 90
– Guide to Dangerous and Venomous Marine Empowerment of Women/weaker Sections

Animals of A&N matters
– Paschim Bango Sadharan Samudric Prani The ZSI has constituted a Women’s
(Bangla)- Marine Animals of West Bengal Complaint Committee in which female and
– State fauna Series: Fauna of Andaman male members have been included as per
and Nicobar Islands (Part-1); Fauna of Supreme Court Guidelines. The committee
Maharashtra Part-1 and 2 deals with the complaints of Sexual Harassment
at Work Place. Till date no complaint about
State/UT-wise Status (wherever applicable)
Sexual Harassment has been received.
There are 28 States and 7 Union
territories in the country. Based on the survey Updated list of autonomous, attached,
and taxonomic work carried so for, ZSI has sub-ordinate and Regional offices under
published faunal documents pertaining to the the administrative purview of the Division;
along with appraisal of the functioning of
States (including Union Territories) of Andhra
each in relation to their objectives.
Pradesh (eight volume), Arunachal Pradesh
(two volume), Bihar (including Jharkhand The headquarters of ZSI is based at
(one volume), Delhi (one volume), Goa (one Kolkata and have 16 Regional Centres across
volume) Gujarat (two volume), Lakshadweep the country covering all the bio-geographic
(one volume), Madhya Pradesh ( including regions of the country. The various regional
centres under the administrative purview of
Chhattisgarh ( two volume), Manipur ( three
ZSI are area or ecosystem specific and are as
volume), Meghalaya (ten volume), Mizoram
follows with the year of formation:
(two volume Nagaland (one volume), Odisha
(four volumes published), Sikkim (five volume), – North Eastern Regional Centre (NERC),
Tamil Nadu (one volume), Tripura (four volume), Shillong, Meghalaya (1959)
Uttarakhand (three volume) and West Bengal – Western Regional Centre (WRC), Pune,
(twelve volume). Maharashtra (1959)
Budget allocation and Progress of – Central Zone Regional Centre (CZRC),
Expenditure during 2012-13 Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (1960)
Budget allocation and Progress of – Desert Regional Centre (DRC), Jodhpur,
Expenditure during 2012-13 XII Plan Outlay is Rajasthan (1960)
given in Table-4. – Northern Regional Centre (NRC), Dehra
Dun, Uttarakhand (1960)
26
– Southern Regional Centre (SRC), Chennai, Database Information System, Sustainable

Tamil Nadu (1961) Forest Management (SFM) Cell, etc.
– Gangetic Plains Regional Centre (GPRC), Important Activities Undertaken
Patna, Bihar (1965)
This Division executes plan scheme
– High Altitude Regional Centre (HARC),
‘Strengthening of Forestry Division’ with five
Solan, Himachal Pradesh (1968)
components under which the main works
– Marine Biology Regional Centre (MBRC), of the division related to above mandate are
Chennai, Tamil Nadu (1973) executed. These works are described in detail
– Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre along with the achievements during the year.
(ANRC), Port Blair (1977)
Forest Survey of India (FSI)
– Freshwater Biology Regional Centre (FBRC),
Introduction
1
Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh (1979)
– Sunderban Regional Centre (SRC), Canning, Forest Survey of India (FSI), an
West Bengal (1979) organization under Ministry of Environment
– Estuarine Biology Regional Centre (EBRC), & Forests, Government of India is engaged
Gopalpur-on-Sea, Ganjam, Odisha (1980) in the assessment of the country’s forest
resources on a regular interval. Established
– Western Ghat Regional Centre (WGRC),
on June 1, 1981, the Forest Survey of India
Kozhikode, Kerala (1980)
succeeded the “Preinvestment Survey of Forest
– Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre (APRC), Resources” (PISFR), a project initiated in 1965
Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh (1983) by Government of India with the sponsorship
– Marine Aquarium cum Regional Centre of Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
(MARC), Digha, West Bengal (1989) and United Nations Development Programme
Agreements with countries/International (UNDP). The main objective of PISFR was to
Organizations. ascertain the availability of raw material for
establishment of wood based industries in
Zoological Survey of India has signed an
selected areas of the country. In its report in 1976,
agreement of co-operation with the Institute for
the National Commission on Agriculture (NCA)
Tropical Biology and Conservation, University
recommended the creation of a National Forest
of Malaysia, Sabah, Malaysia.
Survey Organization for collection of reliable
Forest Resources and Survey data through countrywide comprehensive
forest resources survey at regular intervals.
Survey and Utilisation (SU) Division
Consequently, PISFR was reorganized into FSI
Survey & Utilization (SU) Division deals in June 1981. After a critical review of activities,
with the matters related to Forest Survey of the mandate of FSI was refined in 1986 in
India, Dehradun, Andaman & Nicobar Forest & order to make it more relevant to the rapidly
Plantation Development Corporation Limited, changing needs and aspirations of the country.
Port Blair, all State Forest Development The main objectives of FSI are as follows:
Corporations, Export & Import of wood
and wood products, Forest Certification, Objectives of FSI
Sustainable Forest Management, International – To assess the forest cover of the country
Tropical Timber Organization, National Forestry through Remote Sensing technology,
27
– Inventory of Forest and Trees Outside

Forests (Rural & Urban areas).
– Data processing
– Methodology Design for carrying out
various types of survey & inventory.
– Training and Extension
– Projects and Consultancies
Forests Cover Mapping & Tree Cover
Forest Survey of India (FSI) assess forest
cover of the country by interpretation of
Fig-8. A view of of dry deciduous forests
satellite data on a two-year cycle and presents
the information in the form of ‘India State of
analyse the changes and prepare State Forest Report’(ISFR). With the release of the
of Forest Report biennially. ‘India State of Forest Report 2011’ so far 12
– To conduct inventory in forests and non- cycles of forest cover assessment have been
forest areas at national level and develop completed since 1987. Work for the 13th cycle
database on wood volume and also is under progress. In addition to forest cover,
estimate tree cover. assessment of tree cover of the country is
also being carried out using the Trees Outside
– To function as a nodal agency for collection,
Forests (TOF) inventory data.
compilation, storage and dissemination of
spatial database on forest resources. Forests & TOF inventory
– To conduct training of forestry personnel Inventory of forests and Trees Outside
in application of technologies related to Forests (TOF) is the second major activity of
resources survey, remote sensing, GIS, etc. FSI. FSI has been following a new sampling
– To strengthen research & development design for National Forest Inventory (NFI) since
infrastructure in FSI and to conduct research 2002. The country has been divided into 14
on applied forest survey techniques. physiographic zones and 60 districts randomly
selected from these zones on probability
– To support State/UT Forest Departments
proportional to size for detailed inventory in
(SFD) in forest resources survey, mapping
two years cycle. About 7,000 sample plots are
and inventory. laid in forest areas distributed over the country
– To undertake forestry related special in each cycle for field inventory. The outcome
studies/consultancies and custom made of this inventory is estimation of growing stock
training courses for SFD’s and other according to species and diameter class wise
organisations on project basis. at national levels. In addition to inventory of
Major activities forests, Trees Outside Forests (TOF) resources
are also inventoried concurrently to provide a
The major activities of FSI are: national estimate of growing stock of TOF on
– Forest Cover Assessment every two years a two year cycle. About 10,000 sample plots
using Remote Sensing technology. are laid out in TOF areas. In the recent past TOF
28
1
Fig-9. Palash (Butea monosperma) used for timber, resin, fodder, medicine and dye
resources have gained importance because GPS, DGPS and inventory techniques. About
of their increasing role in meeting the needs 125 forestry personnel have been trained in
of wood based industries and society. The different courses since April 2012 to December
outcome of the TOF inventory is estimation 2012. In addition to in house training courses,
of growing stock in TOF areas, estimation of FSI is also conducting outreach training
production of wood from TOF and tree cover. programme on GPS for imparting training to
front line staff of State Forest Departments in a
The data collection work for ISFR 2013 has
bulk number. During the current financial year
already been completed and data checking
upto December 2012, the outreach training
and data processing is under progress. The
programme has been conducted in three
process of preparation of inventory of forest
states namely Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat
and TOF in selected 30 districts for 2012-13 is
in which 191 forestry personals have been
under progress.
trained in handheld GPS.
Training
Training on estimation of carbon tools and
Forest Survey of India (FSI) has been technologies by USDA Forest Service in
imparting training to forestry personal of State USA.
Forest Departments since 1981 through short A group of seven members; 5 from FSI
term courses (one/two weeks) on the modern and one each from Indian Council of Forestry
geomatic tools such as remote sensing, GIS, Research and Education (ICFRE) and MoEF
29
visited different places in USA to get an were present. The focus of these consultations
exposure on estimation of carbon stock in was on the following:
forest. The training comprised of theoretical
– Establishment of National Forestry
lectures and field visit . Under the field visit
Information System;
actual plots were laid down in different forest
– Near real time monitoring of forest fires;
types. The training was found to be very useful
and some of their techniques are being now – Alignment of forest inventory work of FSI
piloted in India. with working plan exercise in the SFDs.
Recent initiative/achievements National Forest Information System (NFIS)

The vision of NFIS is to acquire and
Estimation of carbon stock in India’s
disseminate information from autonomous
forest
sources in support of sustainable forest
FSI has been one of the major contributors management. It is a set of conventions for shared
on forest biomass estimation and carbon stock information management by independent
change. In India’s Initial National Communication parties as network nodes via web enabled
(INC) submitted to United Nation Framework service. Its main objectives are to provide ready
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in access to the most current, consistent and
2004, FSI estimated forest carbon of only woody reliable forest resources information on spatial
growing stock. In 2010, FSI has completed and non-spatial data base on forest cover and
estimation of forest carbon stock and change forest types and other forestry layers of the
between two time period viz 1994 and 2004 as country. This will be available on web enabled
part of Second National Communication (SNC) interactive GIS support system.
to UNFCCC. Since inventory of forest /TOF is a
This will help in planning, implementation
regular process of FSI which forms the basis for and real time monitoring of different schemes.
estimation of carbon stock, FSI is estimating It will act as an effective administrative tool
carbon stock in India’s forest, both at national for transparency aiding in socially inclusive
and state level, using forest inventory data, and responsive public service. The types of
forest cover mapping and forest type mapping information would include forest growth and
information. A report on carbon stock in India’s classification in the country over a time line,
forest has been prepared by FSI giving details health and assessment of forests for varied
of carbon stock in different states. stress factors and climate monitoring and
carbon sequestration in forests.
Regional Consultation
With the new dimensions being added The Decision Support System (a subset of
to the resource management practices in the NFIS), under preparatory stage presently, will
provide information of forest cover, forest type
country, there is inevitable need to work in close
and biodiversity richness of recorded forests
association with the State Forest Departments
of the country. It will also provide information
(SFDs). Consequently, regional consultations
about the Protected Areas including corridors
were held at Kolkata, Bengaluru, Nagpur and
for all the states of the country. All the
Dehradun during January-February 2012 in
information shall be accessible through FSI
which senior officers of the respective SFDs
Geoportal.
30
Real Time Monitoring of Forest Fires enable them to carry out the field work while
FSI monitored forest fire incidences arrangement for quality control and quality
through remote sensing and GIS based assurance shall be done by FSI. The data
technology from 2004 to 2011. FSI was doing processing and image processing work would
near real time monitoring of forest fires through be carried out by FSI. The outcome of the 18-
which forest fire alerts had been sent to State month project will be district-wise forest type
Forest Departments through SMS using a map, slope and aspect map, drainage map and
remote sensing based system developed by forest cover draped digital elevation model at
University of Maryland. 30 m interval. In addition, an inventory report
for the forest as well as non-forest areas will
From 2012 onwards, FSI in collaboration
also be prepared for Nagaland state.
with National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)
has initiated a Real Time Monitoring of Forest Inventory and Monitoring of Biosphere
1
Fire wherein the forest fire alerts from active Reserves in India, using Remote Sensing
fire locations are being generated as KML file and GIS Technology
which is Google compatible format. The alerts FSI has taken up a project to study the
have been sent to registered users via Emails temporal change in land use dynamics over the
and SMS. KML alert would be up to state level expanses of three Biosphere Reserves (BRs): viz.
whereas SMS alert would be up to district level. Pachmarhi in Madhya Pradesh, Achanakmar
The time lag of the information is less than 2 Amarkantak in M.P/Chhattisgarh and Nokrek in
hours from the receipt of information from the Meghalaya. It is envisaged to study the impact
satellite. of BR management to develop and test RS & GIS
Project for Forest Cover Mapping and based approach for assessment and valuation
Inventory of Forest/Tree Resources in of ecosystem services in a selected Biosphere
Nagaland Reserve of the Himalayan region, and make
recommendations for effective management
In order to help Nagaland state, which
of BR focusing on redefining zones and
has forest cover of 13,464 sq km (81.21% of
boundaries. Temporal change analysis for land
the state’s geographical area) for preparation
use and land cover is to be done over 5 years’
of Working Plans of its nine forest divisions
period since they were declared Biosphere
spread over 11 districts, a new project has
Reserves. Landsat TM and LISS III data is being
been launched. The project has the objective
used for temporal change analysis. LISS IV data
to provide assistance to Nagaland Forest
will be used for the year 2010. Making use of the
Department in preparation of different maps
latest RS images, a natural resource data base of
using remote sensing data and in carrying out
the areas under the three Biosphere Reserves
inventory of forest and tree resources including
will be created with a focus on preparing land
vegetation survey and estimation of soil carbon
use and land cover maps. The maps and GIS
as per the methodology laid down by FSI. In
layers shall be prepared at 1:50,000 scale.
addition, species diversity and important Non-
Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) will also be The Biosphere Reserves are internationally
quantified. designed landscape/seascape units under
UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere Programme for
FSI has imparted field training to forestry
building harmonious relationship between
personnel of the state on these aspects to
31
human activities and ecosystem conservation. and integrated information system which
There are 18 Biosphere Reserves in India, and would enable automating various functions
besides FSI, three institutions (G. B. Pant Institute and activities related to monitoring and
of Himalayan Environment & Development, transparency in the use of CAMPA funds and
MS Swaminathan Research Foundation and various works sanctioned in the Annual Plan
the National Remote Sensing Centre) are of Operations (State CAMPA) approved by
implementing agencies of this programme for the State Authorities. It would also facilitate
the other 13 Biosphere Reserves. the optimal use of available ICT technologies
for the institutionalization of monitoring
CAMPA and e green watch
mechanism to monitor and evaluate projects
Compensatory Afforestation Fund being undertaken by the State CAMPA.The
Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA) name of i-CCMES was subsequently changed
was constituted on the order issued by Apex to e-Green Watch. At present, the e greenwatch
Court as National Advisory Council under the portal is being hosted by NIC extensively relates
chairmanship of the Hon’ble Union Minister of to online monitoring of various afforestation
Environment & Forests. The basic aim of CAMPA works and allied works being undertaken by the
is to promote afforestation and regeneration States using CAMPA funds. In addition, it also
activities as a way of compensating for forest has details of lands diverted for compensatory
land diverted to non-forest uses. The Supreme afforestation, etc. At present the e-Greenwatch
Court also approved the guidelines prepared project has been initiated with five pilot
by MoEF for utilizing CAMPA funds by an states viz Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh,
agency to be constituted in the States known Karnataka, Tripura, Sikkim.
as the “State CAMPA”. The need for monitoring
At present, the role of FSI has been to
of the CAMPA funds and proposed activities
analyse the status of the polygons uploaded
led to the formulation of the Integrated CAMPA
by the States in terms of Forest cover mapping,
Concurrent Monitoring and Evaluation System
forest type mapping based on legacy datasets.
(i-CCMES). An Information portal (i-CCMES) was
required to be designed to provide one-step Decision Support System
information source for all activities undertaken
Forest Survey of India is in the process
by CAMPA and facilitate a single sign-up facility
of developing a GIS based Decision Support
for all future applications. The design and
System for the use of Ministry of Environment
development of i-CCMES was conceptualized
and Forests to help facilitate dealing of Forest
and proposed a platform with a framework
Conservation (FC) cases/proposals received
for gathering, aggregating and serving
by them. In this system, layers of spatial
data and providing a means for monitoring
information pertaining to forest cover, forest
project delivery system that was, completely
types, protected area status, biodiversity
transparent, reliable, accountable, presentable
and richness etc. are being provided so that
data in real time, accessible to all stakeholders
for any proposal received by the Ministry,
and public at large and allow for monitoring,
the information pertaining to the aforesaid
evaluation, social and ecological audits.
parameters can be instantly generated and
It involved design and development of a visualized by them on screen, making use of
web-based, role-based workflow applications this GIS system being developed. In this regard,
32
digitized boundaries of areas under control defined set of standards and formats by different
of respective States Forest Departments are mapping agencies in India. This endeavour of
essentially required to be overlaid on the forest DST is aimed at creating a portal from which
cover maps. users may directly access and buy all kinds
of spatial data generated by Indian mapping
The digital data with regard to the
agencies. FSI is the nodal agency for forestry
Recorded Forest areas of the SFD’s was received
sector and has created spatial layers as per the
from 18 States. However, on analysis it was
requirements of NSDI in order to develop a
seen that out of these, the Recorded Forest
national spatial knowledge repository.
area boundaries of only 12 States were usable
and the rest of the six States were asked to In the current year, as part of the follow
refurnish their boundaries as the data furnished up to the previous year’s work, FSI participated
were incomplete. As of now, information with in NSDI12 on 20-21st December, 2012. National
1
respect to the Recorded Forest area generated GIS for geospatial governance was the focus
from Forest Cover and Forest Type Map has of the said meeting wherein FSI showcased
been completed in respect of 12 states. In the work progress carried at its end. Metadata
addition, the information of Forest Cover, Forest creation in version 2.0 has been completed
Types has been deduced for 40 Tiger Reserves and has been submitted to NSDI for uploading
and 555 Protected Areas that include National on NSDI portal. The Web Server (Application
Parks 89, Wild Life Sanctuaries 464, and two Server) and Database Server have been
Conservation Reserves. installed and established as FSI node at Forest
Survey of India, headquarters Dehradun.
A number of correspondences have
The server would be repository for the entire
been carried with the concerned SFD’s
forestry database that would be available to
requesting them for urgent necessary action
users through internet. Preparation of data
to complete digitization of forest boundaries
content standard for vegetation theme of FSI
in their respective states and furnish the said
was prepared and submitted to NSDI. Web
digital data to FSI at the earliest.It may also
Map Service (WMS) services have also been
be mentioned that this data along with other
prepared for Forest Cover of the entire country
layers of information being generated at FSI,
(state wise) and have been uploaded on NSDI
would also form essential component of the
portal. WMS services of India Forest Type Map
National Forestry Information System (NFIS)
have been created and uploaded on NSDI
for which FSI has already initiated action and
portal.
consultations with State Forest Departments
through its regional offices. Meeting of the interoperability Working
Group held on 8th December, 2012 at Delhi
National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI)
and chaired by FSI. The WMS services and
National Spatial Data Infrastructure Web Feature Service (WFS) services created
(NSDI) for India is an initiative undertaken by FSI were presented before the partner
by Department of Science and Technology organizations. Only Survey of India (SOI) and
(DST), Govt. of India. NSDI aims at encouraging partly National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)
collection, aggregation and distribution of are other organizations which have shown
spatial data on different themes on a common some progress in the matter. The work progress
33
shown by FSI was greatly appreciated by the forestry development projects and scheme
house. with specific emphasis on conservation of
forests;
Indo-US workshop on developing reference
baselines and scenario – To assist the State/UT Governments in
preparation of the proposals involving
FSI has conducted a two days Indo-US
diversion of forests land for non-forestry
workshop during 7 -9th November,2012 at FSI
purposes under the provisions of
Dehradun on developing reference baseline
Forest(Conservation) Act, 1980;
and scenario for forest sector inventories and
carbon estimation for REDD+. Five expert from – To undertake physical inspection of site in
USFS, three from USAID and officers from varies cases of diversion of forestland involving
state forest departments and representative an area of more than 40 hectare.
from ICFRE, Forest Research Institute (FRI), – To monitor the implementation of
Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), conditions and safeguards stipulated
and Wildlife Institute of India (WII) participated by Central Government in the proposal
in the workshop. approved under Forest (Conservation) Act,
1980.
Inventory of TOF in Uttarakhand
– To assist the State/UTs in the preparation
A project on inventory of TOF in five of management plans for working of forest
district of Uttrakhand namely Dehradun, Pauri under their control within the framework of
Garhwal, Nanital, UdhamsinghNagar and guidelines issued by Central Government
Haridwar has been taken by FSI in collaboration from time to time;
with Uttarakhand State Forest Department.
– To assist the State/UTs in streamlining
The work under the project in under progress.
collection, collation, storage and retrieval
Inventory of TOF Haryana Project of data / covering all forestry activities
and to transmit such data to the Central
FSI has taken a project of Inventory of TOF
Government/ Central Data Processing
in all district of Harayana. This project is also a
Unit.
collaborative project in which field work will be
done by Harayana state forest department and – To dispose of proposal for diversion of
other work such as data entry data checking, forestland up 5 ha. & to examine / process
data processing and report writing will be the proposal above 5 ha to 40 ha; except
done by FSI. regularization of encroachment and
mining.
Network of Regional Offices
– To render assistance in preparation of the
Six Regional Offices have been set up at National Forestry Action Plan.
Bengaluru, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Lucknow, – To assist Paryavaran Vahinies in the
Shillong and Chandigarh, with the Headquarter capacity of observers as well as technical
unit at New Delhi in the Ministry:- advisors;
Main functions (Objectives) of the Regional – To monitor implementation of conditions
offices are:- and safeguards laid down by the Ministry for
– To monitor and evaluate all ongoing Environmental clearance under EPA 1986
34
1
Fig-10. Guggal (Commiphora wightii) listed on the IUCN Red List of threatened species (Chapter-02 IUCN Red Listing)
The Headquarter Unit at New Delhi in The report by National Forest Certification
the Ministry is responsible for administration, Committee was submitted in September,
supervision and co-ordination of all the 2010 and was circulated to all the State Forest
activities relating to the functions assigned to Departments to furnish their comments on
the Regional Offices as enumerated above. the same. The Ministry has also constituted a
Core Committee under the Chairmanship of
Forest Certification of Timber and Non-
Director General of Forests & Special Secretary
Timber Forest Products
in the Ministry to undertake one-on-one
Forest Certification has emerged as a consultation with stakeholders and firm up
voluntary market-driven mechanism in support the concept of the envisaged Indian Forest
of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM). Certification Council.
Certification initiatives rely on consumers
exercising purchasing choice in favour of After one to one consultation with different
products labelled as originating from forests stakeholders, a meeting was also held in the
certified to have been sustainably managed. Ministry on 13th and 14th June, 2011, where
Certification and Eco-labelling are the new all the stakeholders unanimously accepted
mantras to enhance the product positioning the proposed framework of Indian Forest
for a premium price on one hand and ensuring Certification Council and it was suggested that
better forest management practices on the the Ministry should facilitate to prepare a draft
other hand. concept note of Indian Forest Certification
35
Council as per the recommendations received and other issues. In this regard, few meetings
from various stakeholders. at the national level were also conducted
during this year with the Nodal Officer from
The Hon’ble Minister of Environment
the States dealing with NTFP Management.
& Forests has approved ‘in principle’ the
Even an advisory was circulated to some major
constitution of Indian Forest Certification
producing NTFP States regarding Minimum
Council. As per the approval, a draft Cabinet
Support Price of Minor Forest Produce.
Note has been prepared.
During the year 2012-13, the Ministry
National Coordinated Programme for
has sanctioned the 2nd installment to Forest
Assessment of Non-Timber Forest Products
Resources Research Institute, Dehradun for the project
‘National Study on Commercial production of
The scheme was introduced during 11th Non Timber Forest Products for Ensuring Fair
Five Year Plan for assessment of Non Timber Returns to Primary Collectors’.
Forest Product (NTFP) Resource focuses on
assessment, monitoring and evaluation studies Other Works of the Division under mandate
in the broad areas of forestry trade, production that may be mentioned are:
and disposal of NTFPs in the country. – Export & Import of forestry products
Planning Commission has recently and Tariff structure forestry items
suggested that the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, The Division deals with the formulation
Government of India, shall be the nodal and of guidelines and directions for domestic and
administrative Ministry for operationalizing international trade in forest produce and the
the Minimum Support Price for Minor Forest necessary regulation of export and import of
Produces (MFPs). Planning Commission has forest produce as per the Foreign Trade Policy
also given the responsibility to the Ministry of as well as the applied Tariff rates.
Environment & Forests for compiling National – I n t e r n a t i o n a l Tr o p i c a l Ti m b e r
Level information regarding data related to O r g a n i z a t i o n ( I T TO) - I n d i a’s
MFPs such as:- Contribution
– Quick assessment of condition of 12-14 The International Tropical Timber
important MFPs Organisation (ITTO) was established during
– Making available planting material 1983 and is governed by the International
– Training on sustainable productivity Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA). The ITTO is
a commodity organisation bringing together
– Management plans and working plans
the producer and consumer member countries
of MFPs to be drawn up in a transparent
to discuss and exchange information and
manner in consultation with Gram
develop policies of all aspects of the World
Sabhas
Tropical Timber Economy. The Headquarter
The Ministry of Environment & Forests is of ITTO is at Yokohama, Japan. There are
consulting various States for their suggestions 60 member countries, out of which 33 are
for quick assessment of conditions of 12-14 Producer member countries and 27 Consumer
important MFPs, making available planting member countries. India belongs to the group
material, training of sustainable productivity of the producing member countries. The ITTO’s
36
membership represents 90% of world trade in and Odisha States; Forest Survey of India;
tropical timber and 80% of the world’s tropical and Indian Institute of Forest Management
forests. (IIFM) undertook a review of the status of FLR
in Madhya Pradesh, Odisha and Uttrakhand
The ITTA, 1994 has been replaced by a
as pilot States for study, apart from the desk
successor agreement, i.e. the ITTA 2006. India
review of FLR initiatives at country level.
as a signatory to ITTA 1994 has ratified and
deposited the instrument of ratification with – Sustainable Forest Management (SFM)
the UN Secretary General in New York on 25th Cell
July, 2008. Sustainable Management of Forests is
The governing body of the ITTO is the not a new concept in India. India remains
International Tropical Timber Council (ITTC), committed to the goals of Sustainable Forest
Management as a signatory to the “Objective
1
which is composed of all the organization
members. The Council is supported by four 2000” of the ITTO.
Committees namely:- The Ministry has sanctioned the three
projects on Criteria & Indicators for Sustainable
u Committee on Economic Information and
Forest Management to Indian Institute of Forest
Market Intelligence
Management, Bhopal. During the current year,
u Committee on Reforestation and Forest IIFM has submitted its report on above three
Management projects to the Ministry and the same is under
u Committee on Forest Industry examination. The FRI, Dehradun has submitted
u Committee on Finance and a draft report on revised National Working
Administration Plan Code and same was circulated to all the
stakeholders for their comments/views in the
The 48th session of the International
matter.
Tropical Timber Council (ITTC), the governing
body of ITTO was held at Guatemala during 5th – Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest and
- 10th November, 2012. Plantation Development Corporation
Ltd.
– UK - India Forest Landscape Restoration
Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest and
Project
Plantation Development Corporation Limited
During the year, the Ministry has approved (ANIFPDCL) is a Government of India Public
the Phase I of UK – India Forest Landscape Sector Undertaking, created in 1977 with
Restoration Project which is executed by Indian the broad objectives of development and
Council of Forestry Research & Education, managing forestry plantations on the Islands.
Dehradun. The ICFRE, Dehradun has received The Corporation has three main activities
` 1.35 crores from DFID for the above project. namely (i) Forestry Project, (ii) Red Oil Palm
During the 1st phase of the project, the UK (ROP) and (iii) Katchal Rubber Project (KRP) in
Forestry Commission and their Forest Research operation. Though once a ‘Mini Ratna’, it has
Agency (FRA) alongwith Indian counterpart now turned into a loss making undertaking
agencies i.e. ICFRE, FRI, TERI, State Forest mainly due to the fact that its main activity
Department of Uttrakhand, Madhya Pradesh i.e. logging, has been curtailed by the Hon’ble
37
Supreme Court’s Order banning the felling of staff would be due for natural attrition during
trees. Presently, the obligatory expenses of the the five years period. Accordingly, a draft
Corporation like the payment of salaries, wages Cabinet Note was prepared for phased closure
etc. are possible due to the sanction of interest of ANIFPDCL alongwith pay / wage revision.
bearing loans every year from the Govt. of India.
In the meanwhile, Andaman & Nicobar
During the year 2012-13, an amount of `5.50
Administration has proposed to take over
crores have been sanctioned and released to
the ANIFPDCL and revive it by diversifying
ANIFPDCL as an interest bearing loan for its
its activities by venturing into eco-tourism
statutory requirements.
provided its present liabilities are settled.
In view of the above circumstances, a The SU Division is in the process of preparing
decision was taken for phased closure of draft Cabinet Note & Committee on Non-Plan
ANIFPDCL in a period of five years from 2011- Expenditure (CNE) for the same.
2016, keeping in view that the majority of 1485
38
39
Environmental Conservation areas are suitable for mangrove plantation

as mangroves require an appropriate mix of
Conservation and Management of
saline and freshwater, and soft substrate like
Mangroves & Coral Reefs
mudflats to enable it to grow and perpetuate.
Introduction The Government has identified 38 mangrove
The Ministry of Environment and Forests is areas throughout the Country for intensive
at the forefront and accords high priority to the conservation and management (Table-5).
conservation and management of mangroves The National Environment Policy and the
and coral reefs in the Country. Scheme
Mangroves are plants that survive high The National Policy, 2006 recognizes that
salinity, tidal regimes, strong wind velocity, Mangroves and Coral Reefs are important
high temperature and muddy anaerobic soil – coastal environmental resources. They provide
a combination of conditions hostile for other habitats for marine species; protection from
plants. The mangrove ecosystems constitute extreme weather events; and a resource base for
a symbiotic link or bridge between terrestrial sustainable tourism. The National Environment
and marine ecosystems. They are found in the Policy underlines and reiterates the need to
inter-tidal zones of sheltered shores, estuaries, mainstream the sustainable management of
creeks, backwaters, lagoons, marshes and mud- mangroves into the forestry sector regulatory
flats. Mangrove vegetation has been reported regime and adopt Integrated Coastal Zone
in all the 12 coastal States/UTs. India is home to Management.
some of the best mangroves in the world. West
Bengal has the maximum mangrove cover in Mangroves
the country, followed by Gujarat and Andaman Mangroves play an important role in the
& Nicobar Islands. However, not all coastal protection of coastal ecology and coastal areas
from the impact of tidal waves.
The Government seeks
to sustain mangroves in the
Country by both regulatory
and promotional measures.
The Coastal Regulation Zone
Notification, 2011, recognizes
mangrove areas as ecologically
sensitive and categorizes them as
CRZ I(i), which implies that these
areas are accorded protection
of the highest order. Under
promotional measures, the
Government has identified 38
mangrove areas on a country wide
basis for intensive conservation
Fig-11. Mangroves in Andaman – home to a plethora of species
and management. During the
40
Table-5. Mangrove Sites in India

State/Union Territories Mangrove areas
West Bengal 1. Sunderbans
Odisha 2. Bhaitarkanika
3. Mahanadi
4. Subernarekha
5. Devi-Kauda
6. Dhamra
7. Mangrove Genetic Resources Centre
8. Chilka
Andhra Pradesh 9. Coringa
2
10. East Godavari
11. Krishna
Tamil Nadu 12. Pichavaram
13. Muthupet
14. Ramnad
15. Pulicat
16. Kazhuveli
Andaman & Nicobar 17. North Andamans
18. Nicobar
Kerala 19. Vembanad
20. Kannur (Northern Kerala)
Karnataka 21. Coondapur
22. Dakshin Kannada/Honnavar
23. Karwar
24. Manglore Forest Division
Goa 25. Goa
Maharashtra 26. Achra-Ratnagiri
27. Devgarh-Vijay Durg
28. Veldur
29. Kundalika-Revdanda
30. Mumbra-Diva
31. Vikroli
32. Shreevardhan
33. Vaitarna
34. Vasai-Manori
35. Malvan
Gujarat 36. Gulf of Kutchh
37. Gulf of Khambhat
38. Dumas-Ubhrat
41
Table-6. State/UT-wise status of mangrove cover

(Area in km2)
S. State/UT 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2009 2011 Change
No. w.r.t.
2009
1 Andhra 495 405 399 378 383 383 397 333 329 354 353 352 -1
Pradesh
2 Goa 0 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 16 16 17 22 5
3 Gujarat 427 412 397 419 689 901 1031 911 916 991 1,046 1058 12
4 Karnataka 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 0
5 Kerala 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 5 6 1
6 Maharashtra 140 114 113 155 155 124 108 118 158 186 186 186 0
7 Odisha 199 192 195 195 195 211 215 219 203 217 221 222 1
8 Tamil Nadu 23 47 47 21 21 21 21 23 35 36 39 39 0
9 West Bengal 2,076 2,109 2,119 2,119 2,119 2,123 2,125 2,081 2,120 2,136 2,152 2155 3
10 A&N Islands 686 973 971 966 966 966 966 789 658 635 615 617 2
11 Daman& Diu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1.56 0.56
financial year 2011-12, a sum of ` 8.86 crore was two-year cycle at 1:250,000 scale. Assessment
released to various Coastal States/UTs under the from 2001 onwards has been carried out at
Centrally Sponsored Scheme for ‘Conservation 1:50,000 scale. The very dense mangrove
and Management of Mangroves’. comprises 1403 km2 (30.10% of the mangrove
cover), moderately dense mangrove is 1658.12
According to the Forest Survey of India
km2 (35.57%), while open mangroves cover an
(FSI) Report titled ‘India State of Forest Report
area of 1600.44 km2 (34.33%).
(2011)’, the mangrove cover in the Country is 4,
662.56 km2 which is 0.14% of the Country’s total Coral Reefs
geographical area. State/UT-wise mangrove The Indian reef area is estimated to be 2,375
cover as assessed by FSI in different assessments km2. The four major coral reefs areas identified
through the years is given in Table-6. for intensive conservation and management in
As would be noted from the above table, India are: i) Gulf of Mannar, ii) Gulf of Kachchh,
there has been a net increase of 23.56 km2 iii) Lakshadweep and iv) Andaman and Nicobar
of mangrove cover in the Country in the year Islands. The emphasis is more on preventive
2011, as compared to the 2009 assessment. aspects through monitoring and surveillance
This can be attributed to increased plantations as the restoration work is both costly and time
and regeneration of natural mangroves. consuming. The Ministry provides financial
assistance to the State Forest Departments
In the first assessment, the estimated for all the four identified coral reef areas
extent of the mangrove cover was 4,046 for activities like monitoring, surveillance,
km2 which was carried out at 1:1 million education & awareness. Besides, the Ministry
scale. Subsequently, from 1989 to 1999, the also supports R&D activities with emphasis
mangrove covers were assessed regularly on a on targeted research on coral biodiversity, its
42
management and various aspects of pollution under the Chairmanship of Chief

in these areas. Secretaries/Additional Chief Secretaries/
Principal Secretaries of concerned
Monitoring mechanism for the Centrally
Department. The Committees may
Sponsored Scheme on Conservation and
also include concerned departments,
Management of Mangroves and Coral
Reefs. a c a d e m i c i a n s, s t a k e h o l d e r s a n d
representatives from the Central
Two tier system at National and State
Government to discuss the Management
level are in operation for facilitating effective
Action Plans and to review conservation
coordination to implement the Scheme on
activities undertaken from time to
Conservation and Management of Mangroves
time.
and Coral Reefs:
Mangroves for the Future - India
2
A. National level
– Mangroves for the Future (MFF) is a
– The National Committee on Mangroves &
partnership-based initiative promoting
Coral Reefs monitors the implementation
investment in coastal ecosystems for
of the approved Management Action Plans
sustainable development. MFF provides a
of the Coastal States/UTs.
collaborative platform to help countries,
– To supplement base-line information sectors and agencies in the MFF region to
on priority areas for coastal and marine tackle the growing challenges to coastal
biodiversity, research projects are sustainability.
sanctioned to Universities and research
– MFF in India primarily focuses on
institutions. A meeting of the Expert
improving the scientific knowledge base
Group-B on ‘Conservation & Sustainable
for enhanced management of coastal
Utilization of Natural Resources: Mangroves
and Coral Reefs’ was
held from February
9-10, 2012. The
Group considered
48 proposals, out
of which fourteen
research proposals
have been
recommended for
financial assistance
and these are being
sanctioned by the
Ministry.
B. State Level
– State Level Steering
Committees have
been constituted
Fig-12. Corals (Acropora hemprichi) – needs protection
43
and marine ecosystems. National and for good practices and relevance to climate
regional symposia supported by MFF change. As a way forward, participants also
have greatly contributed by establishing endorsed a ‘Call to Action’ statement based
baseline database for coastal and marine on the recommendations from the meeting.
ecosystems (specifically mangroves and The Call to Action was projected by the MFF
coral reefs). Information sharing with civil during the Eleventh Conference of Parties to
societies is also helping to raise awareness the Convention on Biological Diversity held
about India’s valuable coastal resources. in October, 2012 at Hyderabad. Following
– Mangroves for the Future (MFF), India the colloquium and with support from M. S.
is in its second phase (2012-2013). It is Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF),
working through its small grant, medium a field trip was organized to the Pichavaram
grant projects and regional initiatives, to mangrove forest (September 1-2, 2012). The
bridge knowledge gaps on vulnerable printed proceedings of this regional symposium
coastal and marine ecosystems, threatened were formally released at the Regional Steering
species for better informed conservation Committee Meeting (RSC) held in Karachi,
actions and policy interventions. MFF Pakistan from November 18-21, 2012.
(India) programme is implemented by MFF India at the Eleventh Conference of
International Union for Conservation of Parties to the Convention on Biological
Nature (IUCN) India Office. MFF India Diversity (CoP-11 to CBD), October, 2012,
is additionally working with coastal Hyderabad
communities to increase resilience through – MFF India similarly co-hosted a convention
livelihood interventions and ecosystem on Biological Diversity (CBD) side event on
restoration. ‘Sustainable Management of Coastal and
Regional Colloquium Marine Biodiversity’, with M.S. Swaminathan
Research Foundation (MSSRF) and United
The Ministry of Environment and Forests,
Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Government of India, hosted the Colloquium
on October 11, 2012. The objective of the
titled ‘Sharing Lessons in Mangrove Restoration’
event was to deliberate on (i) the issues
from August 30-31, 2012 at Mamallapuram,
and challenges faced in marine systems
Chennai. The Colloquium had participants
and (ii) to provide guidelines based on
from Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, the experiences gained through the work
Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam. conducted in conservation, sustainable use
International mangrove scientist Dr. Norman and management of coastal and marine
Duke (James Cook University, Australia) bio-resources.
and Alfredo Quarto, Executive Director of
– MFF India and MFF Sri Lanka, with
Mangrove Action Project (MAP, USA) were also
support from the MFF Secretariat, co-
present at the event along with representatives
organized a side event during Conference
from IUCN, GIZ and government agencies of Parties (CoP)-11 to CBD on ‘A Joint
from across the MFF region. The Colloquium Strategy to Conserve Seagrass Beds in the
discussed the economic and environmental Gulf of Mannar’, on October 16, 2012 at
values of mangroves; lessons learned from the Hyderabad International convention
mangrove rehabilitation projects; guidelines Centre (HICC), Hyderabad.
44
Regional Steering Committee (RSC) - IX Biosphere Reserves

Shri Hem Pande, Additional Secretary, Introduction and Objective
MoEF, Dr. J R Bhatt, Member Secretary, National
Biosphere Reserves (BRs) are areas of
Coordinating Body, India and Advisor, MoEF
terrestrial and coastal ecosystems which
and Dr. V. Selvam, Scientist, MSSRF, Chennai
are internationally recognized within the
attended the Ninth RSC meeting in Karachi from
framework of the Man and the Biosphere
November 18-21, 2012. In this meeting, India’s
(MAB) programme of the UNESCO. These
proposal to hold a workshop on ‘Sustainable
Reserves are required to meet a minimal
Marine Fisheries and Conservation of Coastal
set of criteria and adhere to a minimal set of
and Marine Biodiversity’ was welcomed by
conditions before being admitted to the World
the member countries and agreed upon. This
Network of Biosphere Reserves designated
workshop which will be held in the year 2013,
by the UNESCO. The world’s major ecosystem
2
will follow discussion on marine fishiries and
types and landscapes are represented in this
biodiversity. In addition, India has also received
network, which is devoted to conserving
an additional allocation of USD $ 100,000 for
biological diversity, promoting research and
small grants projects for the year 2013.
monitoring as well as seeking to provide
Knowledge Products models of sustainable development in the
service of human kind with special reference
The MFF India documentary ‘Mangroves,
to the local communities which mostly consist
Guardians of the Coast’ was selected for
of traditional societies.
screening at the International Film Festival,
India (IFFI) in November, 2012 at Goa. The These Reserves are rich in biological
Government of India is also sharing the movie and cultural diversity and encompass unique
globally, through its embassies, as a prestigious features of exceptionally pristine nature.
and archival material for its Incredible India The goal is to facilitate conservation of these
campaign. representative landscapes and their immense
biological diversity and cultural heritage, foster
The MFF India led scientific publication
economic and human development which
‘Coral Reefs in India: Status, Threats and
is culturally and ecologically sustainable and
Conservation Measures’ was released by
to provide support for research, monitoring,
the Minister for Environment and Forests,
education and information exchange. The
Government of India at CoP-11 to CBD.
scheme is a pioneering effort at pursuing
The MFF India lessons learnt document the increasingly difficult yet urgent task
titled, ‘Coastal Sustainability: Learnings from of conserving ecological diversity under
MFF India project’s,’ was also released at the mounting pressures.
CoP-11 to CBD. The book captures all the
projects implemented and lessons learnt, Activities undertaken
capacity building initiatives undertaken and The programme was initiated in 1986
communication and knowledge products and till date, 18 sites have been designated
developed by MFF India between 2007 and as Biosphere Reserves (BRs) in different
2011. parts of the country. The Ministry provides
financial assistance to the concerned State/
45
UT Governments for conservation and scrutinized and sanctioned for implementation

management of the designated Biosphere of approved items of activities.
Reserves. The Indian National Man and
Periodic Review of 2011 Reports of
Biosphere (MAB) Committee constituted by
Sunderban and Gulf of Mannar BRs, which
the MoEF is the apex body to oversee the
have completed ten years after its inclusion in
programme, provide policy guidelines and
the World Network of Biosphere Reserves of
review the programme.
UNESCO, have been finalized and forwarded to
Out of the 18 Biosphere Reserves the MAB Programme of the UNESCO, Paris.
designated nationally, so far eight viz.,
– List of Biosphere Reserves with date of
Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka),
designation, area and location in the
Gulf of Mannar (Tamil Nadu), Sunderban
State(s)/UT is given in Table-8.
(West Bengal), Nanda Devi, (Uttarakhand),
Pachmarhi (Madhya Pradesh), Similipal – Completed research projects during the
(Odisha), Nokrek (Meghalaya) and period are at Annexure-IV
Achanakmar-Amarkantak (Chhattisgarh – Ongoing research projects during the
and Madhya Pradesh), have been included in period are at Annexure-III
the World Network of Biosphere Reserves of Comparison of progress vis-a-vis that
UNESCO. Revised nomination form in respect achieved in previous year
of Great Nicobar (Andaman & Nicobar Islands)
Comparison of progress vis-a-
Biosphere Reserve has been finalized and
vis that achieved in previous year
forwarded to MAB Programme of UNESCO.
(in case of ongoing scheme) is given in
Research and development projects are also
Table-7.
supported in these designated Reserves.
Budget allocation for the Scheme during the
Progress/Achievements made during the year and progress of Expenditure
year
An amount of `11.50 crores was allocated
Management Action Plans (MAPs)
and the expenditure incurred upto February,
submitted by the concerned States/UT were
2013 is `303.89 lakh.
Table-7. Comparison of progress vis-a-vis that achieved in previous year

(in case of ongoing scheme)
S. No. Activity 2011-12 2012-13
(as on 13.02.2013)
1 Number of Management action plans sanctioned for 13 8
implementation in the BRs
2 Completed Research Projects 2 1
3 Ongoing Research Projects 15 15
4 New BRs designated 1 --
5 Nomination sent to UNESCO for inclusion in the World 1 1
Network of BRs
46
Table-8. List of Designated Biosphere Reserves
* Sites with bold letters have been included in the World Network of BRs of UNESCO.
47
the Convention, and to realize

the opportunities offered by the
Convention. These efforts were
aimed at bringing the legislative,
administrative and policy
regimes in tune with the three-
fold objectives of the CBD. India
enacted the Biological Diversity
Act in 2002 to give effect to the
provision of this convention.
Under this Act, a National
Biodiversity Authority (NBA) has
been set up in October, 2003 in
Chennai. In 2000, a Cartagena
Protocol on Biosafety (CPB) was
Fig-13. Beautiful butterfly of Lycaenidae family adopted under the aegis of the
CBD. The objective of CPB is to
ensure safe transfer, handling
Biodiversity Conservation and use of living modified organisms resulting
Under the scheme on the Biodiversity from modern biotechnology. India is a Party to
Conservation, there are two main the CBD as well as CPB.
subcomponents namely biodiversity and Thereafter, a Nagoya Protocol on Access
biosafety. The biodiversity component includes and Benefit Sharing (ABS) has been adopted
activities relating to Convention on Biological in 2010 after six years of intense negotiations
Diversity (CBD) and support to National under the aegis of CBD. India has made
Biodiversity Authority (NBA); and the biosafety significant positive contributions in these
component includes activities relating to negotiations. The objective of this protocol is
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and issues the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising
relating to Genetic Engineering Appraisal from the utilization of genetic resources.
Committee.
Activities undertaken during the year
Convention on Biological Diversity
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and
The Convention on Biological Diversity Conference of the Parties (CoP-11)
(CBD) is one of the key agreements adopted
Following the decision of the tenth
during the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro
Conference of the Parties (CoP-10) to the
in 1992. The three objectives of the CBD are:
CBD held in Nagoya, Japan in October 2010,
conservation of biological diversity, sustainable
accepting India’s offer to host the next CoP to
use of its components, and fair and equitable
the CBD, preparations were continued during
sharing of benefits arising out of the use of
the year for hosting CoP-11 to the CBD.
genetic resources. Pursuant to the ratification of
the CBD by India on 18 Feb 1994, several steps – India successfully hosted the eleventh
were initiated to meet the commitments under CoP to the CBD, and the sixth Conference
48
of the Parties serving as Meeting of the – The High Level Segment heard statements
Parties (CoP/MoP-6) to the CBD’s Cartagena from around 80 Ministers and high-
Protocol on Biosafety in Hyderabad from level representatives in the plenary
1-19 October, 2012. The event provided session on 17th and 18th October 2012.
India with an opportunity to consolidate, Parallely, four panel discussions were
scale-up and showcase our initiatives and held on: implementation of the Strategic
strengths on biodiversity. Plan; biodiversity for livelihoods and
– CoP-11 was the largest ever such conference poverty reduction; marine and coastal
organized in India. Approximately 6,000 biodiversity; and implementation of the
delegates representing 171 countries, Nagoya Protocol on ABS. The outcome
UN agencies, intergovernmental, non- of the plenary statements and four panel
governmental, indigenous and local discussions was brought out in the form
2
community organizations, academia and of Chairs summary by the President of
the private sector participated in CoP-11. CoP-11 on the closing day on 19th October
Minister /Vice Minister level participation 2012.
at CoP-11 was around 80. The elements – The Prime Minister at CoP-11 also launched
of successful CoP were flawless logistics, the ‘Hyderabad Pledge’, wherein he
strategic thinking in the development of announced that the Government of India
Agenda’s content, participation of a large has decided to earmark a sum of US $ 50
number of stakeholders and persuasive yet million during India’s Presidency of CoP
effective negotiations. The meetings were to strengthen institutional mechanism,
presided over by Ms. Jayanthi Natarajan, enhance the technical and human
Minister for Environment and Forests, India capabilities for biodiversity conservation
as the President of CoP-11. The High Level in India, and to promote similar capacity
Segment was inaugurated by the Prime building in other developing countries.
Minister of India on 16th October 2012.
– One of the most important
outcomes of CoP-11
is the commitment of
the Parties to double
the total biodiversity-
related international
financial resource flows
to developing countries
by 2015 and at least
maintaining this level until
2020. India successfully
steered the negotiations
at CoP-11 to arrive at this
and other decisions of
CoP-11.
Fig-14. Chocolate Pansy (Junonia iphita)
49
With this pledge, India has thus become Intergovernmental Committee on Nagoya
the first Champion under the Hyderabad Protocol (ICNP-2) in New Delhi from
Call for Biodiversity Champions launched 2-6 July 2012 at Vigyan Bhawan in New
on CBD’s website. Delhi. Over 500 participants representing
– The Prime Minister also unveiled a Governments, intergovernmental and
commemorative Pylon in Hyderabad to non- governmental organizations,
mark CoP-11. It has been decided to local authorities, indigenous and local
establish a Biodiversity Museum and a communities, research community and
Garden on this site. The Prime Minister the private sector participated in this
planted the first tree on behalf of India. meeting.
Representatives of the participating – While India had signed the Nagoya Protocol
countries at CoP-11 also planted trees. on 11th May 2011, action was initiated
Hyderabad is the first host city of CBD during the year for ratifying the Protocol by
CoP to establish commemorative Pylon, undertaking interministerial consultations
garden and museum. on a draft Cabinet note prepared for this
– A number of other parallel meetings, purpose. After approval of the proposal
nearly 300 side events, and exhibition by the Cabinet in its meeting held on 4th
were held during CoP-11. The parallel October, 2012, India ratified the Protocol on
meetings included: the fair on experiences 9th October, 2012, which was announced
and best practices in communication, by the Prime Minister in his speech during
education and public awareness (CEPA), inauguration of the High Level Segment
the Rio Conventions Pavilion, Youth of CoP-11 on 16th October, 2012.
Forum, Cities Biodiversity Summit, Biological Diversity Act, 2002
Parliamentarians event, business and
– At the national level, National Biodiversity
biodiversity meeting.
Authority (NBA) has been established by
– The brand ambassador of CoP-11 was Government of India in October, 2003
the Science Express Biodiversity Special at Chennai (Tamil Nadu) under Section
(SEBS), an innovative mobile exhibition (8) of the Biological Diversity Act. The
mounted on a specially design 16 coach State Biodiversity Boards (SBB) are to be
AC train travelling across India from 5th established by the State Governments
June to 22nd December 2012. This is a and Biodiversity Management Committees
collaborative initiative between Ministry (BMCs) to be constituted by the local
of Environment and Forests, Department bodies.
of Science and Technology and the Indian
– The NBA is a body corporate established
Railways. The SEBS has already received
in accordance with the provisions of Sec.8
over 23 lakh visitors breaking all previous
of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, at
records and has been playing a key role
Chennai w.e.f. 1st October 2003. It is an
in creating awareness about biodiversity
autonomous, statutory and regulatory
in the country.
organization which is intended to
– As incoming Presidency of CoP-11, India implement the provisions of Biological
also hosted the second meeting of Diversity Act, 2002.
50
– Twenty-six States have so far set up the these, NBA has so far entered in to 108
State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs). The matter agreements based on mutually agreed
is being pursued with Bihar and Jammu terms with the applicants for access to
& Kashmir which are yet to set up SBBs. bioresources and/ or associated traditional
– Sixteen states viz. Arunachal Pradesh, knowledge.
Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Rajasthan, – Some of the important actions taken to
Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, implement various provisions of the Act
Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, include the following:
Mizoram, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh – In pursuance of Section 38 of the Act
and West Bengal have notified the state relating to notification of threatened
specific rules in accordance with Section species, the Ministry has notified species
63(1) of the Act. which are on the verge of extinction for
2
– 33,415 BMCs have been constituted by three States, namely, Bihar, Tamil Nadu,
the local bodies in 20 States viz., Andhra Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar and Manipur,
Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, during the year, taking the number of
Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Himachal States to 16.
Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, – The UNEP – GEF & MoEF, Government
Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram, of India project on “Strengthening
Nagaland, Punjab, Tamilnadu, Tripura, the Implementation of the Biological
Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Diversity Act & Rules with focus on its
Bengal. Access and Benefit Sharing provisions” is
– During the year, two meetings of the being implemented at the total cost of
Authority were held on 23.05.2012 and US$ 9,839,000 in five states viz., Andhra
18.09.2012, and important decisions Pradesh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim
were taken on
d i f fe r e n t m a t t e r s .
Sixty applications
were received and are
at various stages of
processing during the
period.
– NBA has received
759 applications so
far. The applications
received from public/
private sectors and
foreign nationals are
for approval of access
to bio resources and/
or associated traditional
knowledge. Out of
Fig-15. Beautiful butterfly of Pieridae family
51
and West Bengal. The duration of the – Implemented various provisions of B.D.
project is 3 years (April 2011-March 2014). Act through NBA.
State level launch of the project were – Prepared countr y ’s position and
held in Andhra Pradesh (Nov 2011), West participated in negotiation meetings of
Bengal (Dec 2011), Gujarat (Feb 2012), CBD and its Nagyoya Protocol on ABS.
Himachal Pradesh (July 2012) and Sikkim
– Fifth National Report preparation is being
(Dec 2012).
initiated.
– Work was continued under the UNDP
– Ratified Nagoya Protocol after obtaining
project on Strengthening the institutional
Cabinet Approval.
structures to implement the Act in Madhya
Pradesh and Jharkhand. – Projects implemented through NBA
– Work was also continued for developing a – UNDP project on Strengthening the
full scale project on established of a Centre institutional structures to implement
for Biodiversity Policy and Law (CEBPOL) the Act in Madhya Pradesh and
at NBA, Chennai, with technical support Jharkhand.
from Norway. Ministry has conveyed no – UNEP/GEF project on Strengthening
objection regarding the appointment of the implementation of Biological
a service provider for this project. Diversity Act is being implemented
– NBA has provided financial assistance to by MoEF through NBA. Pre and post
the tune of ` 42,33,000.00 to the SBBs release monitoring mechanisms are in
to celebrate the International Day for place.
Biological Diversity on 22 May 2012 in a – GEF funds through a direct access
befitting manner project entitled “Strengthening the
– Funds have been accessed from GEF enabling environment for biodiversity
through a direct access project entitled conservation and management in
“Strengthening the enabling environment India” to provide assistance in meeting
for biodiversity conser vation and the national reporting requirements to
management in India” to provide assistance CBD by India which includes, revision
in meeting the national reporting of National Biodiversity Strategy and
requirements to CBD by India which Action Plan (NBSAP) and preparation
includes, revision of National Biodiversity of fifth National Report for Biodiversity.
Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) and A preliminary meeting of this project
preparation of fifth National Report for was held on 18th December, 2012 to
Biodiversity. Implementation of the project discuss the action plan.
has been started Budject allocation and progress of
Some of the other important activities expenditure during 2012-13; XII Plan
Outlay
undertaken were following:
Annual Plan (2012-13) Approved Outlay
– Hosted a number of inter-sessional
`100.04 Crore (RE) and ` 71.98 Crore (BE).
meetings on protected areas, NBSAPs,
poverty eradication and biodiversity and
biosafety during CoP-11.
52
be genetically modified. Hazardous

microorganisms include those which
are pathogenic to animals as well as
plants.
The Genetic Engineering
Appraisal Committee (GEAC), the
apex body under the Rules, 1989 has
the mandate to approve large scale
trials and environmental release
of Genetically Modified Organisms
(GMOs) and ensure that research;
development and testing of GMOs
2
prior to environment release are
conducted in a safe and scientific
Fig-16. Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui)
manner through appropriate
implementation of Rule 1989 and
Implementing agencies, along with details biosafety guidelines.
of responsibilities
Cartagena Biosafety Protocol
The Biological Diversity Act 2002 came
into force in 2003. The Act extents to the The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
whole of India. The objectives of the Act are (CPB) was negotiated under the aegis of the
conservation, sustainable utilization and fair Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and
and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of adopted on 29th January 2000. India is a party
the use of biological resources and associated to the Protocol. The Protocol has come into
knowledge. The Act is being implemented in force on 11th September 2003. As of date 164
a three tiered institutional structures (NBA at countries are Parties to the Protocol.
National level, State Biodiversity Board at State
The main objective of the Protocol is to
level and Biodiversity Management Committee
ensure safe transfer, handling and use of living
at local level)
modified organisms resulting from modern
B i o d i ve r s i t y S c h e m e / G e n e t i c biotechnology that may have adverse effect
Engineering Approval Committee on the conservation and sustainable use of
(GEAC) biological diversity, taking into account risk to
human health.
Introduction
The Ministry of Environment and Forests Objective of the Scheme
(MoEF), under the Environment (Protection) The scheme helps in strengthening the
Act, 1986 has notified the “Rules for the biosafety management systems and awareness
Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage in India through implementation of:
of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically
– Rules, 1989
Engineered Organisms or Cells, 1989” (Rules,
1989). The rules also cover application of – Provisions of Cartagena Protocol on
hazardous microorganisms which may not Biosafety (CPB)
53
– National measures for bringing legislative, Review of Bt brinjal post moratorium

administrative and policy regimes in tune is in progress.
with CPB; – Formulation of biosafety guidelines
– National and international workshops / for environmental and health safety
consultation assessment and updating the same to
Activities undertaken during the year harmonize with international norms
prescribed by the Organization for
Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee Economic Co-operation and Development
(GEAC)
(OECD), CODEX Alimentarius Commission
All genetically modified organisms and and International Plant Protection
products thereof are regulated under Rules Convention (IPPC) is a continuous process.
1989 of EPA, 1986. Activities undertaken for The biosafety guidelines prescribed by the
implementation of Rules 1989 since inception GEAC include the following:
till March 2011 include: – Recombinant DNA Safety Guidelines,
– Convene monthly GEAC meetings as 1990 & 1994
per schedule for review of applications – Revised Guidelines for Research in
pertaining to GM technology. So far Transgenic Plants and Guidelines for
112 meetings of the GEAC have been Toxicity and Allergenicity Evaluation,
convened. 1998
– Status of GEAC approvals is as given – Guidelines and SOPs for the conduct
below: of Confined Field Trials of Transgenic
– Bt cotton, the first GM crop was Plant, 2008
approved in April 2002. As of date, – Guidelines for the Safety Assessment
the GEAC has approved environmental of GM Foods, 2008
release of Bt cotton expressing six – Protocol for Safety Assessment of
events, Genetically Engineered Plants / crops,
– Approvals for confined field trials of 2008.
several GM crops for generation of – Pursuant to environment release of Bt
biosafety data both from the private cotton, post release monitoring to assess
and public sector institutions. These the development of insect resistance
include transgenic corn, rice, tomato, to Bt gene in cotton crop is in progress
potato, castor, rubber, cotton, brinjal, since 2002. Central Institute of Cotton
mustard, groundnut, sorghum, okra, Research, Nagpur has been notified as
wheat, watermelon, papaya, sugarcane, the nodal agency to conduct the post
banana etc. release surveillance. A workshop on
– 20 recombinant pharmaceuticals ‘National Consultation on Insect Resistance
– Import of GM soybean oil. Management (IRM strategy) in Bt cotton
– Moratorium was issued on Bt brinjal was also organized.
Event EE-1 on the basis of public – GEAC has adopted the ‘event based
consultations held at seven locations. approval’ mechanism wherein a new
54
procedure for commercial release of Bt COP-MOP was hosted by India at Hyderabad

cotton hybrids expressing approved events from October 1-5, 2012. The meeting was
has been put in place. presided over by Ms. Jayanthi Natarajan,
– Biology documents for five crops namely Minister for Environment and Forests, as the
cotton brinjal, rice, okra and maize have President of CoP-11. The event provided India
been completed. Biology documents for with an opportunity to consolidate, scale-up
other crops have been initiated. . and showcase our initiatives and strengths on
biosafety.
– Draft guidance document for information/
data generation and documentation for Approximately 1300 participants
safety assessment of GE Plants during representing nearly 100 Parties to the Protocol
biosafety research level trials -I (BRL-I) and and other governments, UN agencies,
biosafety research level trials -II (BRL-II) intergovernmental and non-governmental
2
has been prepared and is awaiting GEAC organizations, academia and industry attended
approval. CoP-MoP 6. The CoP-MoP 6 meeting adopted
– Ex-ante socio-economic study on Bt brinjal 16 decisions on: compliance; the Nagoya-Kuala
was conducted through NCAP. Report Lumpur Supplementary Protocol on Liability
submitted to GEAC. and Redress (the Supplementary Protocol);
subsidiary bodies; cooperation with other
– Extensive capacity building activities for
organizations, conventions and initiatives;
biosafety assessment and awareness and
the Biosafety Clearing-House (BCH); capacity
efficient management of field trials of GM
building; the roster of experts; monitoring and
crops are being regularly undertaken.
reporting; assessment and review; notification
– Revamping of GEAC website was requirements; handling, transport, packaging
undertaken to enhance transparency. and identification (HTPI) of living modified
– Review of Rules 1989 to harmonize with organisms (LMOs) (Article 18); unintentional
the obligations under Cartagena Protocol transboundary movements of LMOs (Article
on Biosafety has been initiated 17); financial mechanism and resources; socio-
– Exhaustive counter affidavits have been economic considerations; risk assessment and
prepared for several court cases. risk management; and the budget. As of date
– To enhance biosafety awareness, electronic COP-MOP has adopted 113 decisions.
‘Biosafety Newsletter’ has been introduced The Indian delegation and experts have
Four issues have been circulated across actively participated in the meetings of COP-
4000 stakeholders. The online version is MOP as well as preparatory meetings and
available on the GEAC website (http://moef. online discussion forums organized by the CBD
nic.in/divisions/ csurv/geac/information. during the inter-sessional period prior to COP-
html). MOP meetings.
Cartagena Biosafety Protocol As a follow-up to the COP-MOP decisions,
Six meetings of the Conference of Parties several initiatives including capacity building
serving as Members of the Parties to the and awareness programs to facilitate
Cartagena Protocol (COP-MOP) on Biosafety compliance have been undertaken. The
have been held so far. The Sixth meeting of recently held preparatory Regional Meetings/
55
Workshops prior to COP-MOP-6 include the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB) held
following: at Nagoya, Japan in October 2010 adopted
the Nagoya Kuala Lumpur Supplementary
– Workshop on Capacity-Building for
Protocol on Liability and Redress to the CPB
Research and Information Exchange on
after six years of intense negotiations. India
Socio-Economic Impacts of Living Modified
has made significant positive contributions
Organisms under Cartagena Protocol on
in finalisation of the Nagoya Kuala Lumpur
Biosafety, 14-16 November 2011.
Supplementary Protocol, which is being
– Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on the considered as a milestone achievement in
Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur Supplementary multilateral environmental negotiations.
Protocol on Liability and Redress to the
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, 17-18 India has signed the Supplementary
November 2011. Protocol on October 11, 2011. As of date 51
countries are signatories to the Supplementary
– Asia Sub-Regional Training of Trainers’
Protocol and 10 countries have ratified the
Workshop on the Identification and
Supplementary Protocol. The Protocol will enter
Documentation of Living Modified
into force on the ninetieth day after the date of
Organisms, 21-25 November 2011.
deposit of the 40th instrument of ratification,
– South-Asia Conference on Current acceptance, approval or accession.
Approaches to the Environmental Risk
Assessment (ERA) of Genetically Engineered Capacity building
Crops was organised jointly with South Asia As a Party to the CPB, MoEF has accessed
biosafety Program, DBT and MoEF, 16-18 funds from United Nations Environment
May 2011 at New Delhi. The conference Program (UNEP) / Global Environment Facility
was attended by about 180 participants (GEF) for the “Phase-II Capacity Building
from various stakeholder groups such Project on Biosafety” to strengthen the
as members of regulatory bodies; biosafety management system in India with
policymakers; scientists from industry, special emphasis on risk assessment and
research institutions and universities; management, handling, transport, packaging
students and other organizations. and identification of LMOs, socio economic
In compliance with the reporting considerations and public awareness with an
requirements, India has submitted its first and aim to ensure adequate protection of human
second National Reports on implementation health and biodiversity from potential harm
of CPB. The national reports were finalized arising from all LMO-related activities. The FSP
following a consultative approach. document received GEF approval on 8.8.2011
pursuant to which project initiation activities
Several consultative meetings of experts
were taken up.
and stakeholders have been convened prior to
each COP-MOP meeting to finalize the country To enhance awareness among various
position and negotiating briefs. stakeholders; three training workshops on use
of Biosafety Clearing House (BCH) as a tool for
Nagoya Kula Lumpur Supplementary
providing information on LMOs was organized
Protocol on Liability and Redress
with GEF –UNEP assistance.
The fifth meeting of COP MOP to the
56
Progress/Achievements made during the – Biology documents for Rubber and

year Indian mustard is under preparation.
– COP-MOP-6 has been successfully Further eight more crops such as
organized at Hyderabad in October, Tomato Potato Sorghum Chickpea
2012. Papaya and Pigeon-pea were identified
and shortlisted for preparation of
– Hosted a number of inter-sessional national
biology documents.
and regional meetings on biosafety
issues. – Development of GEAC website has
been completed. The overall structure
– Two consultative meetings for finalizing
of the website has been approved and
the country position for CoP-MoP-6 at
the audit process has been initiated
Hyderabad was convened
prior to launching of the website.
2
– Only one meeting of the GEAC was
– SFC for the Phase-II Capacity Building
convened as the GEAC is in the progress
Project on Biosafety” to strengthen the
of being re-constituted.
biosafety management system in India
– Review of biosafety regulation in India is in through GEF–UNEP assistance has been
progress in light of the recommendations approved. The inception workshop and 1st
received from the Technical Expert meeting of the Steering Committee was
Committee (TEC) constituted by the convened wherein the Project Design and
Supreme Court, Standing Parliament Annual Work Plan was approved. Selection
Committee on Agriculture and the Scientific of consultant to set up the PCMU is in
Advisory Council on Biotechnology on progress.
Agriculture of the Prime Minister.
– The study to probe the legal implication of
– Streamlining of the biosafety management ratification of the Supplementary Protocol
system in India through review of existing and to identify legislative amendments
policies, development of biosafety required in the domestic law has been
guidelines, and development of biology completed. The process of seeking
guidelines etc has been initiated. These Cabinet approval for ratification has been
include: initiated.
– Strengthen the monitoring mechanism – An international workshop on ABS, TK
of confined field trials of regulated GE and Liability and Redress in the context
plants. of CPB for capacity building of Africa
– Preparation of ERA guidelines for region is scheduled in February, 2013 at
environmental risk assessment of Bengaluru.
genetically engineered crops.
Budject allocation and progress of
– Guidance document for information/ expenditure during 2012-13
data generation and documentation
Annual Plan (2012-13) Approved Outlay:
for safety assessment of GE Plants
`100.04 Crore (RE) and `71.98 Crore (BE).
during biosafety research level trials
-I (BRL-I) and biosafety research level Implementing agencies
trials -II (BRL-II). Rules 1989 is implemented by MoEF,
57
Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry (iv) National Coordination for Landscape

of Science and Technology. MoEF is primarily Conservation. The implementation in selected
responsible for conservation and protection landscapes would be done through the
of environment, ensuring environmental foundations/ societies, based on site specific
and human health safety before release of landscape plans involving sectoral integration.
genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and The project duration is six years.
products thereof. The mandate of the DBT is
Activities Undertaken
to promote biotechnology, provide services in
areas of research, infrastructure, generation of – Signing of MOUs between the MoEF and
human resource and formulation of guidelines the implementing agencies. Processing
and protocols for safety assessment of GMOs. of Annual Plan of Operations (APOs) for
2012-13 and release of grant to various
Under the Rule, approval for research and
Implementing Agencies.
development of GMOs are being regulated
by RCGM, administered by Department of – Revision of 18 months Procurement
Biotechnology (DBT). Whereas, experimental Plan.
trials and environmental release of GMOs – Contractual appointment of project
are appraised and approved by GEAC were staff.
administered by MoEF. Achievement during the year
Biodiversity Conservation and Rural – The progress of project implementation
Livelihood Improvement Project has been related satisfactory by World Bank
Introduction during its latest Implementation Support
Mission conducted between 20th May and
The Project aims at Conservation of
25th June, 2012.
Biodiversity in selected landscapes (included
protected areas/critical conservation areas) Budget allocation and expenditure during
while improving rural livelihoods through 2012-13
participatory approaches. The Project is being The budget allocation of the scheme
implemented as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme is `1000.00 lakhs (Plan) against which an
with five financiers [International Development expenditure of `5.60 crore has been incurred
Association (loan), from Government of India, till 31.12.2012.
State Governments (Gujarat, Kerela & Tamil
All India Coordinated Project on Capacity
Nadu), and Beneficiaries, (all local stakeholders
Building in Taxonomy (AICOPTAX)
including Panchayati Raj Institution), amounting
to US$30.52 million (around `137.35 crores). Taxonomy occupies the position of a
mother science in biology as it deals with
There are four major components in the the classification of all living and extinct
project, viz (i) Demonstration of Landscape organisms. Therefore, it is a key science to help
Conservation Approached in two Pilot Sites (ii) ensure sustainable utilization, conservation
Strengthening knowledge Management and of biological resources and implementation
National Capacity for replication of successful of the Convention on Biological Diversity
models of Conservation in Additional (CBD). There is an overall decline in expertise
Landscapes Sites and (iii) Scaling up and in the taxonomy of several groups of living
58
organisms. Moreover, the existing taxonomic So far around 91,000 species of animals
base is eroding rapidly due to non-availability of and 45,500 species of plants have been
professionals and lack of trained man-power to identified and described but a large number
replace the retiring specialists. In other words, of animals and plants are yet to be explored,
a wide gap exists between the magnitude of identified and described.
taxonomic expertise needed and the available
To find out the ways and means by which
limited taxonomic knowledge base. Further,
the existing gaps in taxonomic knowledge
many microbes, plants and animals are yet to
could be filled, the Ministry of Environment
be discovered and identified. To manage the
and Forests (MoEF) – a nodal agency within
biological resources and to meet the challenges
the Government of India for environmental
of 21st century, the issue of ‘taxonomic
protection and conservation of biodiversity
impediments’ needs to be addressed urgently.
– organized a two-day national workshop on
2
For devising effective conservation and “Capacity Building in Taxonomy in India on 15th
management strategies, one needs to know: & 16th February 1996 at Jaipur. Sixty two leading
(i) what kind of species are found, (ii) where taxonomists of the country participated in the
they occur, (iii) what are their characteristics or workshop, and after lengthy deliberations, made
attributes, and (iv) how they are related to one a number of action oriented recommendations
another. These questions can be answered only for capacity building in taxonomy. One of the
by specialists. Besides the basic inputs needed prioritized recommendations was to initiate
for understanding biodiversity, the taxonomic an All India Coordinated Project on Capacity
studies also result in weaving the data obtained Building in Taxonomy, besides taking steps
on the species into a system of classification for strengthening education and training.
which is used by the scientists and others. This recommendation was endorsed by the
then Task Force constituted by the MoEF. The
Taxonomy is also central to and an integral
Scientific Advisory Committee to the Cabinet
part of the conservation and sustainable
(SAC-C) also endorsed the recommendation.
utilization of biological diversity. It is this aspect
Accordingly, an All India Coordinated Project on
that led the Convention on Biological Diversity
Taxonomy Capacity Building was launched in
(CBD) to emphasize the role of taxonomy in
1999, much before Global Taxonomic Initiative
its implementation at the national, regional
(GTI) came into existence.
and global level. As a signatory to the CBD,
India stands committed to capacity building The AICOPTAX has a sole mission –
in taxonomy and to undertake exploration and “Enhancement of country’s capabilities for
preparation of an inventory of living organisms. inventorying, monitoring, conserving and
India started building capacity in Taxonomy utilizing biodiversity as well as for establishing
much before the Global Taxonomic Initiative leadership in the field of taxonomy at regional
(GTI) came into existence, through overall and global levels”. AICOPTAX, an active
strengthening of Botanical and Zoological programme channelized at the national
surveys as well as launching a dedicated All level to address the problems of inadequate
India Coordinated Project on Capacity Building taxonomic knowledge due to limited number
in Taxonomy (AICOPTAX). of taxonomists available in the country, is fully
funded by the MoEF. It has the following main
objectives:
59
– Survey, collection, identification and 15. Research in plant biosystematics and

preservation of elements of biodiversity of advanced training in taxonomy
the country with emphasis on protected 16. Helminthes and Nematodes
areas.
17. Crustacea
– Training research fellows and college
18. Mollusca
teachers and building capacity in the field
of taxonomy. 19. Insects: coleoptera
– Maintain taxonomic data banks. 20. Insects: hymenoptera
– Develop identification manuals. 21. Insects: blateria and tettigonids
– Generate information needed for decision 24. Insects: miscellaneous order

making in conservation and sustainable 25. Arachnida
use of biological diversity. 26. Oomycetes and cellular slime moulds
– Integration of taxonomic capacity into the 27. Protozoa and sporozoa
national reporting process. 28. Annelida
– Enhance local and regional capacity in 29. Meiofauna
taxonomy.
30. Research in animal biosystematics and
To start with, 30 thematic areas were advanced training in taxonomy
chosen for investigation under the AICOPTAX.
Of the aforesaid 30 thematic areas, only
These were:
15 could be implemented so far. The work of
1. Plant viruses the thematic areas of AICOPTAX was assigned
2. Animal viruses to 15 coordinators along with 61 collaborators.
3. Pathogenic bacteria The coordinators also oversee and monitor the
activities for achieving the aims and objectives
4. Non-pathogenic bacteria
outlined in the thematic areas. The remaining
5. Pathogenic fungi 15 thematic areas are in the process of being
6. Non-pathogenic fungi taken up for investigation under AICOPTAX in
7. Fresh water phytoplankton/Algae phased manner.
(including blue green algae) The important achievements of the 15
8. Fresh water zooplankton (including thematic areas include: discovery of species
euglenoids/ciliates/rhizopods) new to science, new records for India, floristic
9. Lichens and faunal accounts, status of species, number
of students training in taxonomy and enrolled
10. Bryophytes
for doctoral studies, etc. For brief reports on
11. Orchids each theme, the reader may glean through
12. Palms the separate sheets enclosed in this folder. The
13. Grasses and bamboos MoEF has spent about `12.40 crores during
14. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms XI Plan period on AICOPTAX Scheme. Some
significant achievements are as follows:
60
Survey and exploration – Tours undertaken : 1323

Number of collections added to national
Reference collections : 53715
Number of species identified/characterized/ : 12789
Described
Documentation of flora and fauna : 6759
(with descriptions)
Human resource development/training in
Biosystematics
Number of persons trained in taxonomy : 450
2
Number of students enrolled for Ph.D : 105
New Discoveries
Taxa new to science : 570
Taxa new to India : 449
Species collected after a gap of 50 years or more : 189
Number of rare taxa recorded from new locations : 1059
Publications: Book : 7
Research Papers : 333
Book chapters : 61
Popular articles : 14
Papers accepted for publication : 118
Training/awareness Workshops organized : 12
Under AICIOPTAX Scheme, several new embodying 570 species new to science), released
records of wild flora and fauna have been made. as a showcase document by Government of
Several new species have also been discovered. India during the 10th Conference of Parties to
These are being documented and verified with the Convention on Biological Diversity held in
voucher specimens for authenticity before October, 2010 at Nagoya, Japan.
publication during the XI Plan Period. Discovery
The following five new thematic areas
of species new to science will be the major
were recommended by the then Steering
impact of the AICOPTAX Scheme.
Committee for implementation during
The Ministry, with the technical support 2012-13:
from BSI & ZSI, has brought out Programme
– Crustacea
Brief on Taxonomy Capacity Building: Indian
Initiative (based on outcome of research work – Coleoptera
done under 76 projects between 1999-2007 – Hymenoptera
61
– Arachnidae participatory micro planning while

– Floristic and Faunistic Surveys of North ensuring equity, transparency and
Eastern Region of the Country. accountability.
Accordingly, three projects have been Activities undertaken
conceived under the thematic area Crustacea; The project was aimed at encouraging
six projects under Coleoptera; six projects under communities to take responsibility for managing
Hymenoptera; four projects under Arachnidae; their natural resources by recognizing the use
fourteen projects under Floristic Surveys of of traditional and community knowledge for
North Eastern Region and one project under securing the biodiversity-based livelihoods.
Faunistic Survey in the North East Region of And the project also facilitates a process of
the country. These are being processed in making the national and state-level policies
consultation with Integrated Finance Division and programmes more responsive towards the
of the Ministry for sanction and release of funds linkages between rural livelihoods, biodiversity
during the current financial year (2012-13). conservation and enhancement of capacities of
SFC Memo on AICOPTAX Scheme has been communities and institutions of decentralized
prepared and is being finalized in consultation governance.
with the Integrated Finance Division (IFD). An The project has been implemented in four
expert Group, as an independent 3rd party states namely Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh,
evaluation of the performance of the AICOPTAX Jharkhand, and Odisha, covering 13 project
Scheme during 11th Plan, is being constituted sites and 122 forest fringed villages. The project
in consultation with IFD. started in September 2008 for a duration of
GOI-UNDP CCF-II project “Biodiversity three years and was subsequently further
Conservation through Community based extended till 31st December 2012. These four
Natural Resource Management” states have large stretches of forest which links
up the development of land, water and other
Introduction
natural resources that also promotes social and
The project was initiated in October 2008 livelihood developed of communities living in
at an estimated budget of Rs 13.5 Crore (USD and around villages. As these communities are
3 million) for implementation in four states dependent mainly on natural resources for
namely Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, their livelihood, development of alternative
Jharkhand, and Odisha with following two sources of income and other benefits related
objectives- to food supplies, education and health assume
– To Facilitate the process of making the importance in the success of the natural
National and state-level policies and resource management approach.
programmes more responsive to linkages Through community-based management
between sustainable rural livelihood and of natural resources, the project has focused on
biodiversity conservation components like conservation of species and
– To Enhance the capacity of communities habitats; ecological restoration; revitalization of
and institutions of decentralized indigenous knowledge, practice of customary
governance for integrating sustainable rules and values for recognizing socio-economic
biodiversity based livelihoods through and gender differences, nurturing existing
62
as well as new self-governing community – Relevant Guidelines on ‘Home Stay and

institutions following principles of participatory ‘Management of Community Conserve
decision-making, socio-economic equity and Area (CCA) along with and Eco-Tourism
gender equality for access to common pool of policy’ was prepared and is to be
resources. adopted by the State Government of
Arunachal Pradesh in their state level
Progress/Achievements made during the
forest management policy
year
– Promotion of community based eco-
The In-situ conservation interventions
tourism has generated income of about
were carried out in more than 23,000 ha area,
Rs 8 lakhs over a period of two years per
3 new nurseries including 2 high altitude
family and promotion of traditional agro-
established. More than 15 skill strengthening
forestry practices has provided opportunity
and capacity building programmes were
2
for local communities –Apatanis and
organized in all four states. Fourteen Non
Monpa’s to earn their livelihood in a more
Timber Forest Produce and agro-forestry based
efficient way.
micro-enterprises established during previous
year are also being supported and maintained Odisha
during current financial year. – Participation and involvement of the local
communities and members of Village Sub-
State-wise status (where applicable)
Committee (Gram Samiti) or Van Surakhsya
The details of state-wise physical progress Samiti (VSS) living within and around
made during the period are given below: three forest division sites has propelled
Arunachal Pradesh the process of community partnership in
executing and monitoring implementation
– A community based institutional structure of project activities. Through capacity
was initiated and later formalized into 22 development of people’s skills and making
Biodiversity Management Committees available local resources needed to make
(BMCs) in 7 villages in Tawang site and changes in lifestyle and livelihood options
15 villages in Apatani site, and are now necessitated local communities to be
recognized by the State Biodiversity Board. empowered for conserving vulnerable
These BMCs have been able to set up sites with its native plants species such
social norms for prohibiting hunting, illegal as Cane (Calamus spp). Based on In-situ
extraction and felling of forest resources and Ex-situ conservation operations
from community conserved areas and including silviculture, fire-line operation
scared groves. and community led patrolling against
– More than 5000 ha area have been brought illegal felling of teak trees was undertaken
under Community Conserve Area (CCA), in an area of 100 ha in Khurda, 100 ha in
which are natural habitats of important Berhampur and 250 ha in Sambhalpur
plants and animals species and have forest division
special cultural and traditional significance – Twenty three Self Help Group (SHGs)
in the lifestyle of local tribal communities- formed in 3 forest divisions to improve
Apatanis and Monpas upon their skills and capacities in order
63
to take up alternate livelihood activities days through street plays, slogan writing
such as agriculture and horticulture with etc. and also on organic certification
ally cropping methods, other income involving tribal school children, members
earning activities- backyard poultry, of Self Help Groups and cooperative
pisiculture, tailoring, making incense federation & NGO’s Government Officials
sticks and candles, puffed rice, running and local communities in three sites.
grocery shop and to collectively manage – Ethno-botanical resource survey and
community assets-farming implements, 5 documentation of flora species with
Ponds, 1 Check dam, 1 irrigation channel herbal health value has been carried out
constructed in each of the three project systematical covering 326 sample plots.
sites has ensured local communities to The survey data has been analyzed and
identify their own livelihood options. uploaded in the software for wider use.
And by being oriented towards cross
– Ex-situ conservation done within forest
learning experiences facilitated by the
surroundings in Chhattisgarh to re-grow
project local communities have adopted
about 1,14,800 seedlings and saplings of
to co-operative form of community based
threatened yet important medicinal plants-
institutions like the self help groups,
Giloe (Tinospora cordifolia), Aswagandha
water’s association and farmers clubs for
(Withanea somnifera), Sarpagandha
managing and protecting the forests and
(Rauvolfia serpentina), Satawar (Asparagus
having maximum stewardship over local
racemosus). Activities related to forming
natural resources.
seed and grain bank has been started in
Chhattisgarh all 3 sites
– About 71 plant variety of saplings, shrubs, – Soil & Moisture conservation works i.e.
herbs, climbers and wild grasses identified boulder check dams, brushwood check
as threatened species yet important for dams, contour trenches have been
its medicinal and minor forest produce constructed as per the requirement of the
value after surveying about 19241.284 three project areas.
hectares of forest area demarcated
for special attention
and conservation
of biodiversit y by
the Chhattisgarh
State Minor Forest
Produce Cooperative
Federation Limited and
forest department in
Chhattisgarh
– Awareness programmes
conduc ted though
celebration of various
environment related
Fig-17. Resource survey at Jagdalpur site, Chhattisgarh
64
– Three Herbal Health care centres (Van local communities about the rational
Ausdhalaya) were strengthened and for conservation action and livelihood
functioning well in all three sites with benefits.
active participation of local vaidhyas. After – A total of 114 families were supported
the scientific validation of ethnobotanical with seed money for livelihood support
survey report, four formulations were activities including vegetables & Lac
selected for further research with Central cultivation, cattle rearing, grocery etc,. In
Council for Research in Ayurvedic Science, addition, out of these 56 families have
New Delhi for the development of new repaid their seed money.
herbal products.
– Water conservation was initiated by
– Nine Self Help Group based micro- constructing lift irrigation at Bokaro site
enterprises involving mainly Non Timber and Palamau to benefit 44 acres and 40
2
Forest Produce (NTFP) and forestry related acres of land respectively for cultivating
activities were supported and are running food crops and fodder through BARI model
well in all three sites. of multitier cropping system. Revival and
– Trainings were imparted to Traditional construction and excavation of 7 ponds for
Healers (Local Vaidhyas) with the help of irrigation, 41 water harvesting structure
AYUSH; and training for non-destructive (WHS) at project sites construction of 3
harvesting of 49 Non Woody Forest check dams has benefited 248 farmers
Produce has been organized for traditional to cultivate paddy with the system of rice
collectors from 3 forest division. intensification technique initiated at Trikut,
– Guidelines on “non–destructive harvesting Bokaro, Palamau and Khunti.
practices of important Non Woody Forest – Through the project charcoals made from
Produce for Chhattisgarh” was developed dried Lantana weeds was initiated among
by the project to provide a planning the primitive tribe-Paraia in Palamau area
approach for conservation and sustainable of Jharkhand. Trainings demonstrated to
use of Non Timber Forest Produce (NTPF) them how dried weeds of Lantana Camara
resources within conserved and protected – an invasive weed- can be processed into
areas. charcoals and be used as a alternate fuel
Jharkhand option of charcoal from wood and other
plants. Paraia tribe of Matnag hamlet of
– Revival and maintenance of about 12 ha. Gari village was able to sell the charcoals
of sacred grooves and Assisted Natural of Lantana for Rs 10 to 15 a kilogram at
Regeneration (ANR) in 21 ha of community the local village market.
forest, 12 ha of village forest at Khunti
– At the project site-Khunti, 410 Palash trees
site with about 1323 native tree species
were identified within the demarcated
of Sal and Bhelwa and about 35016 tress
village forest and inoculated with a variety
species of Gambhar, Teak, Karanj, Kusum,
of PHUNKI lac during project year 2011.
Semal and plantation of Fuel wood &
Having inoculated brood lac on those
Fodder was completed in 144 ha at Trikut,
Palash trees, the group was able to harvest
8 acre in Palamau site, 28 acre in Bokaro
in 2012 about 37 1/2 kgs of PHUNKI lac
site, has generated awareness among
65
variety and earned about Rs 7500/ in first support to the Project. The National Steering
round in 2012. At the village market each Committee (NSC) lay’s down the guidelines
family sold the scrap lac (non mother for the project implementation and reviews
insects) at a value of Rs 350 to 600 per the progress periodically. The Empowered
kilogram and brood lac (mother insect) Project Steering Committee (EPSC) approves
sold for Rs 1000 to 1500 per kilogram. The the Annual work plan and expenditure as
earned money was helpful to the group per approved budget and provides feedback
to start a lac management fund that is for review of progress by National Steering
used by the group. In addition in 2012 Committee (NSC). The state level coordinating
about 1000 identified Palash trees were agencies responsible for implementing project
inoculated with PHUNKI lac. In additional activities at identified 13 project sites involving
about 20,000 non-traditional host specie beneficiaries of selected 122 forests fringed
called - Flemenzia Semilata, a shrubs was villages are: G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan
inoculated with brood lac. This new found Environment & Development, N-E Unit,
host shrub has given a good yield of Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh
lac within 8 months. This year 2012 Self State Minor Forest Produce (T&D) Cooperative
Help Groups of Khunti project site have Federation,Ltd Raipur, Chhattisgarh , Institute
started to manage seed banks and about of Forest Productivity, Ranchi, Jharkhand and
70 families were given about 1.25 to 1.5 Regional Plant Resource Centre, Bhubaneshwar,
quintal of brood lac to be inoculated on Odisha.
25 to 40 trees on an average.
Assistance to Botanic Gardens
Budget allocation and progress of
expenditure during 2012-2013: The scheme was initiated in 1992 to
augment facilities for ex-situ conservation of
The allocation of Rs 100 Lakhs was made threatened endemic plants. The objectives
during financial year 2012-2013 out of which of the Scheme include ex-situ conservation,
`69.66 lakhs was released to the three identified multiplication and reintroduction of threatened
implementing agencies. endemic plants, seed banks, arboreta and mist
Implementing organization propagation facilities, education, awareness
etc. Under the scheme, 353 projects have
Ministry of Environment and Forests is
been supported till December, 2012 for
the implementing agency of the project. At
improvement of botanic gardens and Centers
National level, a National Steering Committee
of ex-situ conservation which included 13
(NSC) under the chairmanship of Additional
Lead gardens (Table-9). An allocation of
Secretary (Conservation) and an Empowered
` 2.20 Crores have been made during the
Project Steering Committee (EPSC) under the
year and the entire allocation is likely to be
Chairmanship of Joint Secretary (Conservation)
spent. As per recommendation of Standing
was constituted for overall coordination and
Finance Committee meeting held on 21.11.12
implementation of the project. A National
the Botanical Survey of India would be the
Project Director (NPD) has been designated
implementing agency for the scheme.
and a Project Management Unit (PMU) has
been established at MOEF for administrative
66
Table-9. List of organizations provided assistance for maintenance of

Lead Botanic gardens till September, 2012.
S. Name of the Institution Region Date of Total Amount
No. Sanction Sanctioned
(` in lakh)
1. Prof. S.R. Yadav, Professor, Department of Botany North Western 2.9.2008 47.54
Shivaji University, Kolhapur (M: 9421102350) Ghat
E-mail: sryadavdu@rediffmail.com
2. Dr. L.R. Bhuyan, Systematic Botanist/Nodal Officer East Himalaya 23.09.08 57.00
Van Vigyan Kendra, Chessa, Papompare,
SFRI, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh
Tel: 0360- 2203523 (M: 9862091717)
E-mail: lrbsb2008@gmail.com, l_bhuyan@indiatimes.com
3. Dr. P.C. Panda, Sr. Scientist, Regional Plant Resources Centre Eastern Ghats 18.09.08 50.50
Neyapalli, Bhubaneswar, Odisha
2
Tel: 0674- 2557925 (M: 09439831495)
E-mail: pcpanda2001@yahoo.co.in
4. Dr. Susheel Verma, Reader, Centre for Biodiversity Studies Western 29.05.09 57.50
School of Biosciences and Biotechnology Baba Ghulam Shah Himalaya
Badshah University, Rajouri-185 131 J&K
(M: 09419797202) E-mail: eremurus@rediffmail.com
5. Dr. L.M. S. Palni, Director Central Himalaya 25.03.08 34.68
GB Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development
Institute Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development,
Kosi Katrmal, Almora,
Tel: 05962-241015 (M: 09412092188)
E-mail lmspalini@rediffmail.com, psdir@gbpihed.nic.in
6. Dr. Suresh Kumar,Sr. Scientist Arid Zone 17.10.08 99.02
Centre for Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan
(M: 9414130030) E-mail sk_ecology@yahoo.com
7. Dr. A.K. Goel, Deputy Director & Head Botanic Garden Gangetic Plains 03.06.09 41.94
National Botanical Research Institute
Ranapratap Marg, P.B. No. 436, Lucknow-226001 (M:
09415025245)
E-mail: anilkumar_goel@rediffmail.com
8. Dr. A.G. Pandurangan South western 14.03.08 76.14
Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Ghats
Palode Trivandrum -695 562 (M: 094434 11296)
E-mail: agpandurangan@mail.com
9. Dr. S.J. Britto Western Ghats 22.09.08 66.45
Rapinat Herbarium and Centre for molecular Systematics and
the Anglade Institute if Natural History,
St. Joseph College Thiruchellapalli-620 002 (M: 09443411296)
E-mail: sjbritto@rediffmail.com
10. Dr. M.D. Raganna, Professor(Curator) Western Ghats 03.07.09 52.44
Botanic Garden University of Agriculture Science, GKVK,
Bengaluru -560 065 (M: 09448506061, 08028461833)
11. Sh. Rameshwar Das, Director Chotanagpur 20.05.11 44.00
Institute of Forest Productivity, Plateau
Ranchi, NH-23, P.O. Lal Gutwa, Ranchi -835303
Tel: 0651-3296974, (M: 09431902837)
E-mail: rdasifs@yahoo.co.in
12 Malabar Botanical Garden, Kozikhode, Kerala Western Ghat July, 2012 35.00
13 Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar pradesh Northern Region August, 2012 39.00
67
Performance/Achievement/progress made Implementing agencies

during the year
The projects under the scheme are
A comprehensive guideline on the scheme implemented by various Government/
has been approved by SFC clearly explaining Autonomous/ Non-Government Organizations
goals and objectives, need for lead gardens maintaining Botanical Gardens and Centres
in different phytogeographic zone, Terms & of Ex-situ Conservation. The progress made
Conditions, role of BSI, State and Central Govt. by these Botanic Gardens is periodically
etc. Revised guidelines calls for promoting monitored by the Botanical Survey of India
education awareness, ex-situ conservation and which also helps in identification of threatened
reintroduction of threatened plants in natural endemic plants requiring ex-situ conservation.
habitat The implementing Agencies are institutions,
An allocation of `230 Lakhs have been organizations maintaining the Botanic
made during 2012-13 and till Dec., 2012, Gardens. They are responsible for long term ex
`130.54 Lakhs have been spent on on-going situ conservation of collected plants.
projects and two new Lead Gardens which Forest Conservation
were supported under the scheme are listed
Background
below:-
The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 came
– Malabar Botanical Garden, Kozikhode,
in to effect from October 25, 1980 which
Kerala
provides for prior approval of the Central
– Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P. Government for diversion of forest lands for
The outlay for XII Plan is `20 Crore. non-forestry purposes. In the national interest
and in the interest of future generations, this
Act, therefore, regulates
the diversion of forest
lands to non forestry
purposes. The objective
of the Act is to regulate
indiscriminate diversion
of forest lands for
non forestry uses and
to maintain balance
between developmental
needs of the country
and the conservation
of natural heritage. The
guidelines are issued
under the Act from time
to time, to simplify the
procedures, to cut down
delays and to make the
Fig-18. A view of Pukke Tiger Reserve at Arunachal Pradesh process transparent.
68
Procedure for Forest Clearance recommendations of the FAC, the Ministry

Heads of the Regional Offices of the makes final decision on diversion proposals
Ministry situated at Bengaluru, Bhopal, stipulating appropriate mitigation measures.
Bhubaneswar, Lucknow, Shillong and A Statement showing the number of cases
Chandigarh are empowered to grant approvals received and cleared for diversion of forest
under the Forest Conservation Act (FCA) land along with forest land diverted during
for diversion of forest land for non-forestry the years 2011-12 and 2012-13 (up to January
purposes up to 5 hectare in each case (except for 2013) is given in Table-10.
mining and regularization of encroachments),
During the year 2011-12, 451 proposals
and to process and make recommendations
were closed/ returned/withdrawn owing
to the Ministry in cases between 5 hectare
to incomplete applications and rejections.
and 40 hectare in consultation with the State
2
Similarly till 31/01/2013 in the year 2012-13,
Advisory Committee. The proposals involving
155 proposals have been either rejected or
areas more than 40 ha. are to be submitted
closed/returned/ withdrawn.
by the State Governments to the Ministry,
and they are examined by the Forest Advisory General approval of Diversion of Forest Land
Committee (FAC), constituted under the Forest for small public utility proposals
(Conservation) Act, 1980. The FAC meets To boost the development of
once a month. The FAC was reconstituted on underdeveloped area including tribal areas,
03.08.2012 and the present composition is as Ministry accorded general approval under
below: Section-2 of the Forests (Conservation) Act, 1980
(i) Director General of Forests & Chairman for underground laying of electric cable and
Special Secretary, Ministry of wires to individual household, drinking water
Environment & Forests supply/ water pipelines, telephone lines which
(ii) Additional Director General of Member involve felling of trees not exceeding 50 numbers
Forests, Ministry of Environment per project and are outside the National Parks
& Forests and Sanctuaries and are laid along the road. The
(iii) Additional Commissioner (Soil Member approval is valid till further orders.
Conservation), Ministry of
Agriculture As a special measures to boost
(iv) Dr. Mohd. Firoz Ahmad Member
development of basic infrastructure in Left
Wing Extremism (LWE) affected districts in the
(v) Professor N P Todaria, HNB Member
country, the general approval for diversion of
Garhwal University
the forest land for the specified public utility
(vi) Non-Offical Member, Vacant Member
development projects has been further relaxed
(vii) Inspector General of Forests Member- upto 2 hectares (ha) in each case, for a period
(Forest Conservation), Ministry Secretary of five years i.e. till 31st December, 2015. In
of Environment & Forests
addition, in the 60 worst affected districts where
In the cases where area is more than 100 Integrated Action Plan is being implemented,
ha., a site inspection by the officers of Regional the general approval for diversion of upto 5
Office is mandatory before the proposal is ha of forest land for specified developmental
examined by the FAC. Keeping in view the activities has been given.
69
Table-10. Number of cases received and cleared for diversion of forest land
2011-12 2012-13 (upto 31.03.2013)

No. of cases Approved No. of cases Approved
received No. of cases* Forest area received No. of cases* Forest area
diverted (ha.) diverted (ha)
2,942 1,582 29,076 457 458 33278
* Includes cases received during the preceding years
The State Governments have been of forest land required for linear projects
given power to issue specific approvals and Forest Division/state-wise as against
conditions governing such approvals have requirement of consolidated proposal
been specified. earlier.
Important Policy Decisions taken – The guidelines on submission of evidences

for having initiated and completed the
– The Ministry has issued revised guideline process of settlement of rights under the
to streamline the procedure for obtaining Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional
approval under the FC Act for diversion Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest
of forest land required for execution of Rights) Act, 2006 issued by the MoEF
linear projects such as roads, railways, vide letter dated 03.08.2009 have been
transmission lines etc. The para 4.4 of amended to exempt the proposals seeking
the guidelines has been modified to prior approval of Central Government
allow execution of linear projects on non- under the FC Act for projects like
forest land (subject to certain conditions) construction of roads, canals, laying of
pending approval under the FC Act for pipelines/ optical fibers and transmission
diversion of forest land involved. This lines etc. where linear diversion of use of
would apply to new projects as well as forest land in several villages are involved,
widening of existing roads unless recognised rights of Primitive Tribal
– Since most of the linear projects require Groups and Pre-Agricultural Communities
Environmental Clearance (EC), even after are being affected, from the requirement
the above, some projects will not be able of obtaining consent of the concerned
to start work even in non-forest areas Gram Sabha(s),
without obtaining EC. It has, therefore, – The general approval under the FC Act
been decided to seek approval of the for diversion of forest land for creation
Hon’ble Supreme Court to delink EC and of critical public utility infrastructure of
FC for such projects so that after obtaining 13 categories specified in the MoEF’s
EC, work can be started in non-forest areas letter dated 13.05.2011, by Government
without waiting for Stage-I FC. departments involving not more than 5.00
– The Ministry has also permitted submission hectares of forest land in each case in 60
and processing of proposals seeking Left Wing Extremism affected districts
approval under the FC Act for diversion identified by the Planning Commission
70
and the Ministry of Home Affairs for Court of India and the User Agency is required
implementation of the Integrated Action to pay 5 times/ 10 times of the Net Present
Plan (IAP) has been extended to additional Value of the forest land diverted in such cases.
22 districts identified for implementation
The funds received as compensatory
of the IAP.
levies in lieu of diversion of forest land, are
– The MoEF has requested all State/UT held in the name of the respective State
Governments to obtain, within a period CAMPAs [Compensatory Afforestation Fund
of two years, approval under the FC Act Management and Planning Authorities] and
for diversion of entire forest land located are managed by the Ad-hoc Compensatory
within the mining leases. EC cases of Afforestation Fund Management and Planning
existing mining operations, where approval Authority. The funds are being kept outside
under the FC Act for the full forest area the Consolidated Fund of India and the Public
2
in the mining lease area is not available Account of India in accordance with the
would be considered for the non-forest specific orders of the Apex Court. Releases to
area plus the forest area within the mining the State CAMPAs are being made on the basis
lease for which FC is available. The project of the Annual Plans of Operation received from
proponent will need to seek and obtain the States with the approval of the State level
approval under the FC Act for diversion Steering Committee headed by the respective
of entire forest land located within the Chief Secretaries and within the annual limit
mining lease within a period of two years of `1,000 crores fixed by the Apex Court. The
from 01.02.2013. amounts released to the State CAMPAs in the
Mechanism for Compensatory Afforestation years 2011-12 and 2012-13 (till 12.02.2013)
are indicated in the Table-11. 5% of the funds
To mitigate impacts of diversion of forest
allocated to the States are also sanctioned for
land on the ecology, environment, biodiversity
use by the National CAMPA Advisory Council,
and overall forest cover in the country,
for monitoring of the Projects being funded
the Central Government while according
out of the CAMPA.
approvals under the Forest (Conservation)
Act, 1980 for diversion of forest land stipulates In relation to monitoring of expenditure
appropriate conditions. In addition to the incurred from out of the funds sanctioned to
requirement that the User Agency provides the State CAMPAs the following steps are on
land in compensation, at prescribed scales, it the anvil:
is also made incumbent on them to provide
– “e-Green Watch” an Integrated CAMPA
compensatory levies which are in the nature
Concurrent Monitoring and Evaluation
of funds for Compensatory Afforestation/
System is being established in Pilot phase
Additional Compensatory Afforestation/ Penal
in 5 States, namely , Andhra Pradesh,
Compensatory Afforestation/ Safety Zone
Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Sikkim and
treatment / Catchment Area treatment/ Net
Tripura. This work is being spear headed
Present Value of forest land diverted. Forest
by the Ad-hoc CAMPA with the support
area which are notified as part of national
of National Informatics Centre (NIC)
parks/ sanctuaries are allowed to be diverted
and Forest Survey of India. The fully
only with the express approval of the Supreme
operational e-green watch will facilitate
71
Table-11. Amounts released to the State CAMPAs in the years 2011-12 and 2012-13 (till 12.02.2013)
Sl. No. State/UT 2011-12 2012-13
Date Amount (in `) Date Amount (in `)
1 Andaman & Nicobar Islands 18.06.2012 5,779,000
2 Andhra Pradesh 23.08.2011 11,85,700,000 06.10.2012 1,19,60,39,000
3 Arunachal Pradesh 08.09.2011 4,11,900,000 02.01.2013 11,76,13,000
25.10.2011
09.11.2011
29.11.2011
4 Assam 13.02.2013 15,05,92,100
5 Bihar 25.11.2011 8,04,00,000 02.01.2013 8,46,50,000
6 Chandigarh
7 Chhattisgarh 08.09.2011 99,54,39,000 21.08.2012 1,14,38,00,000
8 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 28.10.2011 15,36,000
9 Daman & Diu
10 Delhi
11 Goa
12 Gujarat 08.09.2011 26,30,00,000 09.11.2012 32,41,17,000
13 Haryana 11.06.2012 16,45,00,000
14 Himachal Pradesh 23.08.2011 57,12,62,400 02.01.2013 39,30,00,000
09.12.2011
15 Jammu & Kashmir 29.11.2012 23,78,35,000
16 Jharkhand 24.11.2011 62,49,89,300 02.01.2013 47,98,00,000
17 Karnataka 30.08.2011 41,57,00,000 06.10.2012 43,72,00,000
09.09.2011
18 Kerala
19 Lakshadweep
20 Madhya Pradesh 09.01.2012 5,35,209,000
21 Maharashtra 16.11.2011 8,26,300,000 06.10.2012 78,21,23,000
22 Manipur 11.06.2012 1,91,34,000
23 Meghalaya
24 Mizoram
25 Nagaland
26 Odisha 23.08.2011 1,66,85,10,050 30.11.2012 2,05,82,44,000
04.06.2012
27 Puducherry
28 Punjab 16.09.2011 22,07,83,872 27.08.2012 19,31,18,000
21.09.2011
29 Rajasthan 11.11.2011 31,89,13,000
30 Sikkim 02.09.2011 9,04,00,000 27.11.2012 8,75,23,000
12.10.2011
31 Tamil Nadu 12.06.2012 1,38,30,000 12.02.2013 54,08,950
32 Tripura 12.02.2013 2,27,70,300
33 Uttar Pradesh
34 Uttarakhand 26.06.2012 65,31,60,000 02.01.2013 31,73,05,000
35 West Bengal 09.03.2012 4,84,36,000
Total 9,11,48,81,622.00
Note: The allocations to the State CAMPAs in Arunachal, Jharkhand, Tamil nadu and Uttarakhand have been made @ 50% of their
respective entitlements for the year 2012-13 pending the receipt of GIS coordinates of work sites treated under CAMPA funds since the
year 2009-10, as requested in D.O. Letter No.13-5/2012-FC dated the 11th September, 2012 from DGF&SS to the PCCFs of all States/UTs. The
allocation to Himachal Pradesh has been made @ 75% GIS coordinates have been received in port.
72
on-line real-time assessment of activities Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of

implemented from CAMPA funds, and Forest Rights) Act, 2006. The Ministry is ensuring
will be an important monitoring tool. The that the forest land is diverted only after the
Project has since been formally launched rights, if any, under the FRAt are settled.
in Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka. Forest
Good practices adopted to ensure
Survey of India has organised Seminars,
transparency
in association with the Forest Survey of
India, for roll out of the Project in other Good practices have been adopted to
States; ensure transparency in the system of forestry
clearances. Monitoring mechanism for grant of
– A web based online monitoring system
the forestry clearances has been strengthened.
for approval –status of proposals received
Agenda and minutes of Forest Advisory
under FCA is under implementation;
Committee Meetings, important Guidelines
2
– Audit of utilisation of CAMPA funds is being and modifications are being regularly placed
undertaken through the Accountants and updated on Ministry’s website. The status
General.under the directions of the C&AG of all proposals received in the Ministry is also
of India. available in the public domain.
The Projects mentioned at (1) and (2)
The Ministry is also starting a web-
above have been undertaken using CAMPA
based system of Online Monitoring of Forest
funds allocated to the National CAMPA Advisory
Clearances. The Online Monitoring of Forest
Council.
clearances is a work flow based application
Diversion of Forest land for non-forestry being developed for monitoring the proposals
uses is in the nature of exception submitted by User Agencies for seeking forest
The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 clearances for diverting forest land for non-
is an example of the national political will forestry purposes. This software application
to preserve its precious forest, wildlife and will be used by all State Forest Departments,
biodiversity wealth. The Act has resulted in Regional Offices and headquarter at Ministry
drastic reduction in rate of diversion of forest of Environment & Forests to feed and update
land for non-forest purposes from 1.65 lakh the data pertaining to their level. This software
hectares per annum during the 25 years period application will contain a database of all forest
from 1951-52 to 1975-76 prior to enactment of land diversion proposals submitted to the
the Act to approximately 36,300 hectares per Ministry.
annum after the act came into existence, that Forest Establishment (FE)
too with provisions for appropriate mitigation
measures. The Forest Establishment Division is
handling the establishment matters in respect
Strict compliance of the Scheduled Tribes of the following organizations;-
and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers
(Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 – The Indian Council of Forestry Research
and Education (ICFRE) an autonomous
The guidelines issued under the Forest
organization under the Ministry of
(Conservation) Act, 1980 envisage strict
Environment & Forests, and its Institutes/
compliance of the Scheduled Tribes and Other
Centers namely:-
73
– Forest Research Institute, Dehradun – Central Academy for State Forest

– Arid Forest Research Institute, Service, Burnihat (Assam)
Jodhpur – Eastern Forest Rangers College,
– Forest Research Centre, Hyderabad Kurseong (West Bengal)
– Forestry Research & Human Resource – National Zoological Park (NZP), New
Development Centre, Chhindwara Delhi
– Himalayan Forest Research Institute, – Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy
Shimla (IGNFA), Dehradun
– Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Progress/Achievements made during the
Breeding, Coimbatore year
– Institute of Forest Productivity, – Formulated the Recruitment Rules (RRs) for
Ranchi 27 Administrative posts and 45 Technical &
– Institute of Wood Science and Research posts of ICFRE as per 6th Central
Technology, Bengaluru Pay Commission recommendation. Apart
from this, some of the Recruitment Rules
– Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat
in respect of DFE, FSI, WCCB, NZP, IGNFA,
– Tropical Forest Research Institute, Indian Institute of Forest Management
Jabalpur (IIFM) and Indian Plywood Industries
– Forest Survey of India (FSI), Dehradun and Research & Training Institute (IPIRITI) have
its following four Zonal Offices as indicated also been amended.
below;- – Formulated the Indian Council of Forestry
– Central Zone, Nagpur Research and Education Pensioners Health
– Eastern Zone, Kolkata Scheme (ICFREPHS), 2012.
– Northern Zone, Shimla – A Departmental Anomaly Committee was
– Southern Zone, Bengaluru constituted under the Chairmanship of
Joint Secretary (FE) on up-gradation of
– Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB) and
pay structure of Assistant Conservator of
its Regional Offices at ;-
Forests and Forest Rangers of Andaman
– Chennai, Southern Region & Nicobar Islands. The Committee has
– Kolkata, Eastern Region submitted the report.
– Mumbai, Western Region, – A Committee was constituted to examine
– Jablapur, Central Region and propose the structuring of ICFRE
under the Chairmanship of Dr. P.L. Gautam,
– New Delhi, Northern Region
Chairperson, Protection of Plant Varieties
– Directorate of Forest Education (DFE) and Farmer’s Right Authority, New Delhi.
including following State Forest
Strengthening of Forests Division
Colleges;-
– Central Academy for State Forest Introduction
Service, Dehradun (Uttarakhand) The Ministry of Environment & Forests
– Central Academy for State Forest has six Regional Offices located at Bengaluru,
Service, Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Lucknow, Shillong and
74
Chandigarh with its Headquarter Unit in the than 100 ha. A statement showing the number
Ministry at New Delhi. Names of the Heads of the of cases received and number of cases cleared
Regional Offices with their address, telephone by the Regional Offices under the Forest
and fax numbers are given in the Annexure - (Conservation) Act, 1980 during the year 2011-
IIA. Regional Offices monitor and evaluate the 12 and 2012-13 (upto 31 December 2012) is
ongoing forestry projects and schemes with given in Table-12.
specific emphasis on conservation of forests,
Other Activities undertaken
and oversee the implementation of conditions
and safeguards laid down by the Ministry while Some of the important activities
granting clearance to development projects undertaken/held during 2012-13 (upto 31
under Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (FCA) December, 2012) are as follows:
and Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA). – A meeting of officers and scientists of the
2
Progress of Activities undertaken Regional Offices was held on 5th November
2012, under the chairmanship of Secretary,
The Heads of the Regional Offices are
Ministry of Environment and Forests where
empowered to grant approval for diversion
the functioning of the Regional Offices,
of forest land for non-forestry purposes up to
both Forestry as well as Environmental
the extent of 5 hectare (ha.) (except mining
functions, were reviewed.
and regularization of encroachments) and
to process cases between 5 ha. and 40 ha. in – An interactive meeting on Forest
consultation with the State Advisory Committee (Conservation) Act, 1980 was organised
and to undertake physical inspection of sites on 29th June 2012 by the Regional Office
in cases of diversion of forest lands to non- at Bhubaneswar under the Chairmanship
forestry purposes involving an area of more of the Additional Director General of
Table-12. Statement showing the number of cases received and number of cases cleared
by the Regional Offices under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 during the year
S. Name of the 2011-12 2012-13 (upto 31.12.2012)

No. Regional No. of Approved No. of Cases Approved
Office Cases Received
No. of Forest Area No. of Forest Area
Received Cases* Diverted (ha.) Cases* Diverted
1 Bengaluru 74 40 196.42 45 21 64.86
2 Bhopal 265 166 1011.76 155 62 149.638
3 Bhubaneswar 64 53 743.2524 47 9 144.7786
4 Chandigarh 879 524 572.62484 592 480 433.02927
5 Lucknow 350 254 531.19 220 237 676.36
6 Shillong 105 143 525.51787 63 81 479.50636
Total 1737 1180 3580.76511 1122 890 1948.17223
* Includes cases received during the preceding years
75
Forests (FC) in the Ministry, to discuss Criteria and guidelines for categorization
various issues related to FC clearance and non-compliance in projects”.
compliances. The meeting was attended by – Regional Office, Bhubaneshwar also
State Nodal Officers of Odisha, West Bengal, organised an interactive meet on
Bihar, Jharkhand, Andaman & Nicobar Environment Issues in Chromite Mining &
Islands and representatives of project Ferro-alloys Plants Sector on 11.09.2012.
authorities from the Eastern Region. The
– An Inventorization of bird species of the
issues discussed included requirement
Eastern Regional Office, Bhubaneswar has
of Differential Global Positioning System
been made a total of 25 bird species have
(DGPS) survey, expediting FC clearance
been recorded so far.
proposals, mutation of non-forest land
CA as protected forest by the State – A small garden dedicated to indigenous
Governments, etc. fragrant plants has been developed in the
office complex of Eastern Regional Office
– The Regional Office, Bengaluru carried out
with 105 fragrant flowering plant species
inspection of Iron Ore mines in Goa with
in ½ acre area. An initiative has been taken
reference to Mining from Dumps and on
by the Regional Office, Bhubaneswar to
the reported violations of Krishnapattinam
recognise this rare garden for entry into the
Port in Andhra Pradesh.
Limca Book of Records. A reply from M/s
– The Additional Principal Chief Conservator Limca Book of Records has been received
of Forests (Central), Regional Office, stating that they would like to consider
Bengaluru has assisted the Committee the fragrant garden in an office-cum-
constituted by the Hon’ble Supreme Court residential complex in 2013 edition.
of India in their field visits to teh mining
– Vermi-composting facility has been
areas of Goa State.
set up in the campus of the Regional
– Regional Office, Bhubaneshwar Office, Bhubaneswar for utilising total
coordinated the visit of Expert Committee biodegradable domestic wastes. The
constituted by the Ministry for review of manure generated from teh vermin-
environmental clearance matter of POSCO composting is used in the campus
Steel Pvt. Ltd. gardens.
– Regional Office, Bhubaneshwar through Financial Achievement
its officer (acted as member Secretary)
represented a Committee coordinated A statement showing financial targets and
by the Ministry, completed review and achievements for the year 2011-12 is given in
submitted report on 22.4.2012 to the Table below:
Ministry in respect of “Development of
(` in crore)
Revenue Head Capital Head

BE 2012-13 RE 2012-13 Expenditure (upto BE 2012-13 RE 2012-13 Expenditure (upto
31.12.2012) 31.12.2012)
11.05 11.80 8.69 0.50 0.50 0.22
76
Forest Policy – Bilateral/ Multilateral Forest International

Forest Policy Division of Ministry of Cooperation
Environment & Forests (MoEF) deals with the Forestry International Cooperation
National Forest Policy, 1988, Indian Forest – Convener of Consultative Group for
Act, 1927 and its amendments including International Negotiations on forestry
policy matters and legislative matters of other matters for formulating the country’s
Ministries and State Governments related to views on United Nations Forum on Forests
forests. In addition Forest Policy Division deals (UNFF), COFO of FAO and APFC.
with forest related Climate Change, biodiversity,
– National Focal Point for UNFF, COFO and
Desertification issues, implementation of APFC. Presently a country Report for
REDD+ etc. in Forestry Wing of MoEF and acts 10th session of UNFF was submitted to
as a National Focal Division for the Forestry UNFFS.
2
International Cooperation on United Nations
– Bilateral co-operation between India-US,
Forum on Forests (UNFF), Asia Pacific Forestry
India-China on forestry matter.
Commission (APFC), and Committee on
Forestry of FAO. USAID|India Forest Plus Project
The Forest Policy Division is nodal division
Subjects under Forest Policy & Forest
International Cooperation for USAID|India Project “PartnershiP for Land
Use science (forest-PLUs) Project 2011-2015”. The
– National Forest Policy, 1988 including program intends to focus on reducing emissions
State Forest Policy matters, Policy issues from deforestation and forest degradation and
on NTFPs/MFPs, Policies and legislation of enhanced sequestration through afforestation,
other Central Ministries related to forests conservation and sustainable management of
and Scheduled tribes. forests. The Forest-Plus program contributes
– Indian Forest Act, 1927, State Forest Acts/ to the overall Assistance Objective of the
other Central Acts. Harmonization of IFA, Clean Energy and Environment Office i.e.
1927 with FRA,2006 and PESA, 1996 ‘accelerating transition to a high performing,
– Facilitating implementation of FRA, 2006 low emissions, and climate resilient economy’,
(Nodal Ministry –MoTA). by taking REDD+ actions to scale and enhancing
– Rationalization of felling and transit climate resilient, GHG mitigation planning and
regulation for trees grown on private programs. This will be achieved by working on
land. two components 1) Sustainable Landscapes
and 2) Low Carbon Development Strategies.
– Forests & Climate Change, REDD+,
The Forest-PLUS program will address sectoral
Biodiversity, Desertification in Forestry
barriers, build human and institutional
Wing.
capacity, develop and deploy improved
– Coordinating implementation of Non- scientific methods for carbon inventory and
Legally Binding instruments on Forests. reference baselines, provide support to the
– Division is Focal Point for UNFF, Committee Government of India to develop a low carbon
on Forestry (COFO) of Food and Agriculture development strategy for India, and actively
Organization (FAO) and Asia Pacific Forestry engage stakeholders and create an enabling
Commission(APFC) environment for REDD+ implementation in
77
India. The Forest-PLUS program will work regarding felling and transit regulations for
with the Ministry of Environment & Forests at tree species grown on non-forest/ private
the federal level to support implementation lands has been constituted in Forest Policy
of national policies and programs and will Division under the Chairmanship of of Shri
contribute to MoEF’s efforts to establish and A.K. Bansal, the then Addl. Director General
implement programs through collaboration of Forests (FC) with DIG, Forest Policy as
with the new REDD+ Cell. The program will also Member Secretary on 20th July, 2011. The
look for active engagement with communities Committee has submitted its report which
and local governments. The Components of is available on the Ministry’s website.
the Project are given below: – The Ministry has been proactively
– Component 1: Sustainable Landscapes involved in facilitating the Minisrty of
Tribal Affairs being Nodal Ministry for
– Tasks- 1: Improvement of management
the implementation of the Scheduled
p ra c t i ce s fo r e co s ys te m a n d
Tribes and Other Traditional Forest
sequestration.
Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights)
– Task-2: Development of improved Act, 2006 commonly known as Forest
methods to establish carbon inventories Rights act 2006. Ministry of Tribal Affairs
and reference baselines. (MoTA) issued a guideline on 12.07.2012
– Task- 3: Analysis of social and economic regarding implementation of Forest Rights
incentives for REDD+ policy and Act, 2006 and amendments to the Forest
practice. Rights Rules, 2008, which have been
– Sub-component: II: Deployment - Scientific notified in Gazette of India on 19.7.2006.
and Technical Results Piloted at Scale. In this regard, Ministry of Environment &
– Task 1: Establish Government Forests has issued a letter on 15.01.2013
and Stakeholder Dialogue and to the Principal Chief Conservator of
Communication Processes Forests (PCCFs) of All State/UTs Forest
Departments for taking appropriate action
– Task 2: E n ga ge Sta ke hold er s
on Guidelines recently issued by MoTA
Constructively in REDD+
on 12.7.2012 and FRA Amendment Rules,
Implementation.
2012 notified on 19.7.2012.
– Task 3: Human and Institutional Capacity
– Forest Policy Division has coordinated and
development and strengthening of
proposed the comments on various matters
enabling environment
especially on the “the Land Acquisition
Activities undertaken and Rehabilation and Resettlement Bill,
– Rationalization of felling and transit 2011.
regulation for trees grown on Private/ – The Indian Forest(Amendment) Bill,
Non-Forest land: Keeping in view the 2012, a Bill further to amend the Indian
principal objectives of the National Forest Forest Act, 1927 relating to Section 68
Policy 1988 which envisages that one regarding enhancing powers of forest
-third of the total land area of the country officers to compound forest offences was
should be under forest or tree cover, a introduced in Rajya Sabha in 2012 which
Committee to study the regulatory regime was referred to the Department-related
78
Parliamentary Standing Committee on Makers, Foresters, NGOs, representatives

Science & Technology, Environment & from other departments and general
Forests headed by Dr. T. Subbarani Reddy. public. Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Minister
The Standing Committee presented the of State(I/C) for Environment & Forests
Report (231st Report) to the Rajya Sabha presided over the function as Chief Guest.
on 26.11.2012 and laid on the table of the Dr. R.K. Pachauri, DG, TERI delivered the
Lok Sabha on 26.11.2012. keynote on the occasion.
– The Division organized two side events – 3 rd India-China Joint Working Group
during the XIth Meeting of the Conference Meeting on Forestry under bilateral
of the Parties to Convention on Biological agreement between India and China
Diversity (CoP-XI CBD) held at HICC-HITEX on Forestry was held at new Delhi on
Hyderabad from 8-19th October, 2012. 21.02.2012. The Priority areas for action
2
These two side events were as under: programmes were identified on Forest
(a) Side event No 2532 on ‘REDD+ Stock Inventory and Carbon, Forestry
Architecture and its relevance to Research, REDD+ and LULUCF and Green
Developing Countries’ on 11.10.2012 Economy, NWFP, Bamboo Research,
jointly with The Energy Research Capacity buiding and Wildlife Conservation
Institute (TERI). and Protection. Both parties agrees for
Focal Points from both countries to carry
(b) Side Event No 2686 on ‘Exhibition on
forward the bilateral cooperation on
Linkages Between Various Indian
forestry and wildlife.
Festivals and Biodiversity’ on
12.10.2012. – Forest Policy Division has provided inputs
on forestry matters to IC Division on Rio+20
– REDD+ Workshops: Organized two
Zero draft of the Outcome Document
National and one Regional Workshops
and DIG (Forest Policy) from Forestry
on REDD+ preparedness for capacity
wing participated with Indian Delegation
building and awareness raising of state
led by Hon’ble Minister of State (I/C) for
forest departments and other stakeholders.
Environment & Forests in the Rio+20
5 more Regional Workshops are to be
United Nations Conference on Sustainable
organized in Nagaland, Karnataka, Uttar
Development held in Brazil.
Pradesh, Gujarat.
– Indian delegation headed by DGF&SS
– Forest Policy Division has oraganised
attended the 21st Session of Committee
the celebration of World Forestry Day
on Forestry (COFO) of FAO held at Rome,
2011 at India International Centre (IIC),
Italy from 24-28 September, 2012. DIG,
New Delhi on 21st March, 2012 with the
Forest Policy participated in Organisation
theme “Role of Forests in achieving the
led initiatives from September 19-21, 2012
Millennium Development Goals” and
at FAO, Rome.
with the objective to create awareness
among public about the importance of – National Workshop on Non Legally Binding
forests in human well being as well as Instrument on all types of Forests (Forest
their critical role as life sustaining system. Instrument) was organized by Forest Policy
The programme was attended by Policy Division of the Ministry with IGNFA from
12-14th December, 2012 at New Delhi.
79
– DIG Forest Policy participated in AdHoc Intensification of Forest Management

Expert Group-2 on Forest Financing at Scheme (IFMS)
Vienna, Austrai from 14-18th January, 2013
Introduction
organised by United Nations Forum on
Forests. The Report of AHEG-2 will be While aiming to expand forest cover in
placed before 10th Session of UNFF. the country, it is equally important to improve
the state of existing forests and protect them
Empowerment of women/weaker sections
against various threats.This Centrally Sponsored
matters
‘Intensification of Forest Management Scheme’
Joint Forest Management Programme (IFMS) aims at strengthening forest protection
implemented by the Forest Departments machinery of the State/UT Governments and
ensures participation of women in the JFM providing support for area-specific forest
Committees, wher, they have an equal say
management interventions. The financial
in decision making process. Women even
assistance is provided on cost share basis – All
hold portfolios of Chairperson in many JFM
the North Eastern States including Sikkim and
Communities. Forest Departmens under Eco-
special categories States, namely, Jammu &
development Schemes have created Self Help
Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand
Groups some of which are purely women
share 10% of the cost while the rest of the
groups and engaged in various activities for
States/UTs share 25% of the cost of the annual
income generation and livelihood.
plans of operations.
Forest Protection
The major component of the scheme
Introduction include
Forest Protection Division deals with the – Forest fire control and management.
following subjects in the Ministry.
– Strengthening of infrastructure.
– All Issues relating to forest protection. – Survey, demarcation and Working Plan
– Illicit felling of trees, deforestation & preparation.
encroachment on forests land. – Protection and conservation of Sacred
– Pest & disease attack relating to forest Groves.
protection (excludes research aspect). – Conservation and restoration of Unique
– Implementation of the Centrally Sponsored Vegetation & Ecosystems.
Intensification of Forest Management
– Control and Eradication of Forest Invasive
Scheme.
Species.
The Division also handles issues relating to
– Preparedness for Meeting Challenges
the latest development and planning relating
of Bamboo Flowering and Improving
to Management of Forest Fire. The Division is
Management of Bamboo Forest.
also the focal point for the Crisis Management
arising out of Forest Fire. The Division is also the While the first three components have
nodal Division for co-ordinating with Planning been under implementation since the X
Commission and Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) Plan period under the erstwhile ‘Integrated
in matters related to Forest Protection in respect Forest Protection Scheme’, the remaining
of Left Wing Extremism areas. four components have been introduced from
80
the year 2009-10 after obtaining the Cabinet important to increase the effectiveness of the
approval. field functionaries of the Forest Department.
The Annual Work Plans submitted by Introduction of advanced technology is
the State Forest Departments is scrutinized helping in bridging the backlog in preparation
by a Screening Committee consisting of the of working plans. Forest fire control has become
following members: progressively effective by way of creation
and maintenance of firelines for prevention
Additional Director General of Forests (FC) Chairman
of forest fires, early detection, reporting and
Deputy Inspector General of Forests (NAEB) Member
quick mobilization of force for forest fire
Deputy Inspector General of Forests (RT) Member control. Modern technology has also helped in
Deputy Inspector General of Forests (WL) Member improving planning for forest fire control and
Deputy Inspector General of Forests (FPD) Member management. This scheme has also provided
2
Director (Finance) Member incentives for involvement of local people
through Joint Forest Management Committees
Representative of Civil Construction Unit Member
(JFMCs) in forest protection. Presently, there are
Outcome 2,74,134 JFMCs managing 6,71,427,57 million
hactares of forest area involving 3,8,62,811
The scheme has strengthened the State/
million people.
UT forest departments by way of creating
infrastructure such as field offices, forest Performance of the Scheme in the 11th Five
stations, residential facilities for frontline staff; Year Plan
construction of roads and patrolling paths Performance of the Scheme during the
etc. The Scheme has also helped the State 11 Five Year Plan period is represented in the
th
Forest Departments in introduction of modern statement in Table-13.

technology including use of GPS, GIS, PDA and
other modern communication technologies Major achievements on the activities
for survey and field surveillance and reporting. under the Scheme in the XIth Five Year Plan
The Scheme also provides for field vehicles, Period is given in Table-14.
arms and ammunitions which are equally
Table-13. Performance of IFMS in XIth Five Year Plan Period
Year Plan Outlay Budget Allocated Amount Released

(Rs Lakh) (Rs Lakh)
2007-08 7165.00 6698.50
2008-09 13000.00 7461.39
2009-10 7600.00 6933.72
Rs 600 Cr for the Plan Period
2010-11 6500.00 5685.35
2011-12 6500.00 6336.29
2012-13 6825.00 4273.96
Total 600.00 47590.00 37389.31
81
Table-14. Physical and Financial Achievement under IFMS in XIth Plan Period
S. Target Achievement
Items of Work Units
No. Physical Physical
1 Creation and Maintenance of Firelines kms. 5673 611648 3799 513061
(kms.)
2 Firewatch Towers Nos 909 1476 708 316
3 Fire Watchers Mandays 4306 1532362 2412 1201432
4 Assistance to JFMCs Nos 1474 30891 1277 24873
5 Construction of Water Storage Nos 972 801 661 543

Structures (Nos.)
6 Firefighting equipment LS 477 6348 284 4498
7 Fire Mapping/Fire Management Plan Nos 124 651 64 474
8 Training & Awareness LS 581 5149 418 2875
9 Construction of Boundary Pillars Nos 11867 274685 10680 218998
10 Construction of Building Nos 10210 3072 5466 1248
11 Component of MIS 155 889 121 512
12 Communication networks, wireless Nos 716 13319 552 8044

cell, phones etc
13 Arms and Ammunition Nos 20626 27296 293 75754
14 Computer Nos 574 1098 522 983
15 Vehicles Nos 2445 747 1650 477
16 Publicity and Extension LS 224 693 157 618
17 Roads Kms. 2199 2798 1827 2617
18 Field Survey/boundary demarcation/ Kms. 2913 1292885 2025 1211513

enumeration
19 Purchase of Material LS 112 2363 75 1140
20 Equipment for survey and LS 567 1833 515 1564

enumeration (GPS etc)
21 GIS workstations including software Nos 472 340 322 148
82
Plan Outlay of the Scheme in the XIIth Five – To create a strong system of Forest
Year Plan Fire Control and Management through
The proposed allocation under the the National Fire vulnerability map
Scheme for the XIIth Five Year Plan period is and subsequent mitigation measures,
Rs 1200 Cr. An increase in plan size was sought modernization of preventive measures
due to the following reasons. for fire protection, use of modern
communication facilities for forestry
The average expenditure in the last
personnel and use of modern technology
five years is `6184 lakhs under the scheme.
in identifying and accessing status of
Under the guidelines of the scheme, proposals
protection for valuable and vulnerable
for Annual Work Programme (AWP) submitted
forest areas.
by the respective State Governments is
discussed in the Screening Committee which – To take action for Control of forest invasive
2
makes recommendation for allocation of funds species.
for the year. On review of the past records, it – For demarcation of boundary and fixing
is found that State Governments have been of boundary pillars which is very essential
submitting AWP’s for an amount or ` 8 to 14 and needed to be completed immediately
crores where as the average allotment for in time bound manner.
States has been 2-3 times less. Requests for However, the performance of the Scheme
allotment according to the plans submitted by also depends upon the capacity of the States
the states have been received by the division and UTs to execute the scheme and be able to
on many occasions during the meeting with spend the funds within time limit.
representative of State Forest Departments,
their argument being that the AWPs are Performance of the Scheme in 2012-13
prepared after identification of gaps for The Annual Plan allocation for the year
forest protection and specially in the area of 2012-13 was Rs 68.25 Cr which was reduced to
Infrastructure development for frontline staff,
communication and Information Technology
(IT) and forest fire control.
As the demand for funds for forest
protection far outstrips the allocation to the
States in the previous years, the division has
proposed enhancement of the annual plan
size for the scheme to fulfill the following
objectives:
– To address the gaps in forest protection
as identified by the State Governments.
– Given a fillip to the efforts in creating
infrastructure facilities for frontline staff in
the time bound manner so that presence
of staff in forest area is enhanced leading
to better vigil of forests. Fig-19. Riverstream in Himachal Pradesh
83
Table-15. State wise performance under IFMS in 2012-13

S. No. States Amount Amount reserve Total
Released for 2nd instalment Amount
1 Andhra Pradesh - 0.00
2 Bihar - 0.00
3 Chhattisgarh 398.03 124.82 522.85
4 Gujarat 164.12 123.32 287.44
5 Goa 7.51 7.51
6 Haryana 75.10 20.57 95.67
7 H.P 226.12 226.12
8 J&K 209.86 209.86
9 Jharkhand 80.71 131.80 212.51
10 Karnataka 281.60 79.49 361.09
11 Kerala 150.68 150.68
12 M.P 709.21 177.66 886.87
13 Maharashtra - 269.42 0.00
14 Odisha 149.79 123.32 273.11
15 Punjab 0.00 0.00
16 Rajasthan 184.30 184.30
17 Tamil Nadu 141.00 141.00
18 U.P. 99.93 99.93
19 Uttarakhand 342.62 342.62
20 West Bengal 71.09 71.09
Total 3291.67 1050.40 4342.07
North Eastern States
1 Assam - 0.00
2 Arunachal Pradesh - 0.00
3 Manipur 117.51 117.51
4 Meghalaya 144.64 144.64
5 Mizoram 213.11 213.11
6 Nagaland - 0.00
7 Sikkim - 35.28 0.00
8 Tripura 323.88 53.020 376.90
Total 799.14 88.3 887.44
Union Territories
1 A & N Islands 5.49 5.49
2 Chandigarh - 0.00
3 D&N Haveli - 0.00
4 Daman & Diu - 0.00
5 Lakshadweep - 0.00
6 Delhi - 0.00
7 Puducherry - 0.00
Total 5.49 0.00 5.49
Grand total 4096.30 1138.70 5235.00
84
Table-16. Comparison of performance under IFMS in 2011-12 and 2012-13

(` in Lakhs)
Year BE RE Expenditure
2011-12 6500.00 6500.00 6370.19
2012-13 6825.00 5325.00 4284.03*
*Expenditure upto 22nd January 2013.
` 53.25 Cr at the RE stage. Statewise allocation and as well as evaluation of the plan after fire
of the budget, as per RE, is given in Table-15. season. This exercise in ongoing and expected
that the forest department is able to provide
Forest Fire Vulnerability Mapping
adequate resources for forest fire control.
2
The Ministry through Forest Survey of
India, Dehradun has initiated the exercise of Comparison of achievements/ progress 2012-
13 vis a vis that in 2011-12
preparation of Forest Fire Vulnerability Map for
the forest area of the country. This map is being The statement summarizes the
shared with the Stateswith the objectives of performance of IFMS in 2012-13 vis-à-vis in
helping them in better management, improved 2011-12 is given in Table-16. The budgetary
preparedness and timely intervention by State allocation of the scheme was reduced to `53.25
Forest Department in controlling forest fire and Crore in the RE during the year 2012-13.
reducing damage arising out of it.
Implementing agencies along with detail of
The Near Real Time Forest Fire Information responsibilities
system is also being executed by FSI wherein Implementation of the Scheme is being
fire spots within the forest areas in the done as per the Memorandum of Understanding
country is being shared with respective State (MoU) signed between the Centre and
Forest Departments by email/ sms in real State. State Forest Department headed by
time. This information sharing has improved Principal Chief Conservator of Forests is the
fire management as well as trueness of fire implementing agency for the Scheme. The main
information in the country. responsibilities of the implementing agencies
Crisis Management Plan is to submit Annual Work Plan proposal for
sanction to the Screening Committee under the
The Forest Protection Division is Scheme, supervise and implement the scheme
also the nodal Division for preparation as per the operational guidelines, conduct
and implementation of Forest Fire Crisis monitoring and evaluation and submit reports
Management Plans which are being prepared as required under the Scheme guidelines from
by the State Forest Departments. The aim of the time to time. The State Government is also
Crisis Management Plan (CMP) is to improve required to furnish Utilization Certificate and
co-ordination between various wings in the progress report at the end of the financial
Government for quick and effective response year.
to any emergency created due to forest fire.
The plan includes mechanism for co-ordination Under the Central Sector component of
among various agencies, preparedness plan the Scheme, the Forest Protection Division of
85
the Ministry of Environment & Forests would Park in the capital is also a part of the Wildlife
implement the works of monitoring, evaluation Wing of the Ministry of Environment & Forests.
and other such works which are spread over
To combat wildlife related crimes, a
more than one State/Union Territory.
Wildlife Crime Control Bureau under the
The Implementing agency are also Director, Wildlife Preservation has been
expected to plan and implement the Scheme constituted with 5 Regional Offices viz, Delhi,
keeping in view that the activities proposed Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai and Jabalpur and 3
to be executed under the scheme is able to Sub-regional offices at Amritsar, Guwahati and
improve the status of protections of the target Ramanathapuram.
forest area.
Wildlife Division of the Ministry provides
Funds for the Scheme are directly technical and financial support to the State/ UT
transferred to the State Government for Governments for wildlife conservation under
implementation. the Centrally Sponsored Scheme - Integrated
Development of Wildlife Habitats and also
Monitoring and Evaluation
through Central Sector Scheme - Strengthening
The Division has initiated the third of Wildlife Division and Consultancies for
party evaluation of the Scheme through an Special Tasks, and through Grants in Aid to the
independent agency for the works undertaken Central Zoo Authority and Wildlife Institute of
in the XIth Five Year Plan period where it is India, Dehradun. The objectives and details of
proposed to cover all the states and verify the Schemes are as given below:
twenty percent of the sample of works
undertaken. CSS-Integrated Development of Wildlife
Habitats
Wildlife Conservation
At present India has a network of 668
Introduction Protected Areas (102 National Parks, 515
The Wildlife Wing has two Divisions, Wildlife Sanctuaries, 47 Conservation Reserves
namely, Project Elephant Division and Wildlife and 4 Community Reserves). State-wise list of
Division, each headed by an officer in the Protected Area is given in Table-17.
rank of Inspector General of Forests. A Deputy The Government of India provides
Inspector General of Forest (Wildlife) and an financial and technical assistance to the State/
Assistant Inspector General and Joint Director UT Governments for activities aimed at wildlife
(Wildlife) provide administrative and technical conservation through the Centrally Sponsored
support to the Wildlife Wing. In addition, there Scheme viz. ‘Integrated Development of
are three autonomous bodies, Wildlife Institute Wildlife Habitats’. The scheme has following
of India (WII) for wildlife research & training, three components:
Central Zoo Authority (CZA) for conservation
– Support to Protected Areas (National Parks,
and zoo management and National Tiger
Wildlife Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves
Conservation Authority (NTCA). The NTCA has
and Community Reserves)
been constituted by converting the Project
Tiger Directorate into an autonomous body – Protection of Wildlife Outside Protected
for tiger conservation. The National Zoological Areas
86
Table-17. Summary of Protected Area Statistics in India (as on 05.09.2011)

States/UTs No of Area No. of Area No. of Area No. of Area No. of Area
NPs km² WLS km² C.R.* km² C.R.** km² PAs km²
Andhra Pradesh 6 1388.39 21 11618.12 27 13006.51
Arunachal Pradesh 2 2290.82 11 7487.75 13 9778.57
Assam 5 1977.79 18 1932.01 23 3909.80
Bihar 1 335.65 12 2851.67 13 3187.32
Chhattisgarh 3 2899.08 11 3583.19 14 6482.27
Goa 1 107.00 6 647.91 7 754.91
Gujarat 4 479.67 23 16619.81 1 227.00 28 17326.48
Haryana 2 48.25 8 233.21 2 48.72 12 330.18
Himachal Pradesh 5 2271.38 32 7745.48 37 10016.86
2
Jammu & Kashmir 4 3925.00 15 10243.11 34 829.75 53 14997.86
Jharkhand 1 226.33 11 1955.82 12 2182.15
Karnataka 5 2472.18 22 4003.42 2 3.80 1 3.12 30 6482.52
Kerala 6 558.16 16 1822.86 1 1.50 23 2382.52
Madhya Pradesh 9 3656.36 25 7158.41 34 10814.77
Maharashtra 6 1273.60 35 14152.70 1 3.49 42 15429.79
Manipur 1 40.00 1 184.40 2 224.40
Meghalaya 2 267.48 3 34.20 5 301.68
Mizoram 2 150.00 8 1090.75 10 1240.75
Nagaland 1 202.02 3 20.34 4 222.36
Odisha 2 990.70 18 6969.15 20 7959.85
Punjab 0 0.00 12 323.70 1 4.95 2 16.07 15 344.72
Rajasthan 5 3947.07 25 5379.26 3 222.27 33 9548.60
Sikkim 1 1784.00 7 399.10 8 2183.10
Tamil Nadu 5 307.85 21 3521.95 1 0.03 27 3829.83
Tripura 2 36.71 4 566.93 6 603.64
Uttar Pradesh 1 490.00 23 5221.88 24 5711.88
Uttarakhand 6 4915.44 6 2418.61 2 42.27 14 7376.32
West Bengal 5 1693.25 15 1203.28 20 2896.53
Andaman & Nicobar 9 1153.94 96 389.39 105 1543.33
Chandigarh 0 0.00 2 26.01 2 26.01
Dadra & Nagar Haveli 0 0.00 1 92.16 1 92.16
Daman & Diu 0 0.00 1 2.19 1 2.19
Delhi 0 0.00 1 27.82 1 27.82
Lakshadweep 0 0.00 1 0.01 1 0.01
Puducherry 0 0.00 1 3.90 1 3.90
India 102 39888.12 515 119930.5 47 1382 4 21 668 161221.59
*Conservation Reserve ** Community Reserve
87
– Recovery programmes for saving critically the country. Initially 16 species have been
endangered species and habitats. identified under this component. These are
Support to Protected Areas (PAs) Snow Leopard, Bustard (including Floricans),
Dolphin, Hangul, Nilgiri Tahr, Marine Turtles,
– Eligible PAs: National Parks, Wildlife Dugongs, Edible Nest Swiftlet, Asian Wild
Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves and Buffalo, Nicobar Megapode, Manipur Brow-
Community Reserves, other than those antlered Deer, Vultures, Malabar Civet, Indian
availing central assistance under the CSS- Rhinoceros, Asiatic Lion, Swamp Deer and
Project Tiger, which are duly notified under Jerdon’s Courser.
the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and are
under the control of the Chief Wildlife The Director, Wildlife Preservation,
Wardens. Government of India, in consultation with
the Wildlife Institute of India or the relevant
– Pattern of funding: 100% central
scientific institute and with the approval of the
assistance is provided for non-recurring
Standing Committee of the NBWL can initiate
items and 50% assistance for recurring
other recovery programmes or wind up an
items.
ongoing programme.
Areas falling in mountain regions, coastal
zones, deserts, or those areas which support – Pattern of funding: 100% assistance
certain selected endangered species, are is provided for both non-recurring and
eligible for 100% central assistance for both recurring items. Each recovery programme
recurring and non-recurring items. has to be based on a comprehensive and
scientific ‘Recovery Plan’. The Chief Wildlife
Protection of Wildlife Outside Protected Wardens of the concerned States (if the
Areas species range is in more than one State),
There is substantial wildlife and natural shall jointly prepare the Recovery Plan with
resources lying outside the Protected Areas the help of a national scientific institute/
network of India. This component seeks to organization of repute.
support the conservation of wildlife in these Ac t i v i t i e s u n d e r C S S - ‘ I nt e g rat e d
areas. Development of Wildlife Habitats’
– Eligible areas: High value biodiversity Activities covered under the Centrally
areas outside PAs. Areas contiguous to Sponsored Scheme ‘Integrated Development
PAs/corridors are given priority. The Chief of Wildlife Habitats’ are as follows:
Wildlife Wardens prepare a Biodiversity
Conservation Plan for such selected Management Planning and capacity
building
area.
– Pattern of funding: Same as in the case – Strengthening wildlife research, education
of PAs. and nature awareness
– Staff development and capacity building
Recover y programme for critically
endangered species and habitats: – Monitoring and evaluation
This component is for affecting the – Management Planning
recovery of critically endangered species in
88
Anti-poaching & infrastructure – Strengthening co-existence agenda

development – Deciding inviolate spaces and relocation
– Anti-poaching activities of villages from crucial wildlife habitats
– Strengthening of infrastructure – Fostering ecotourism
– Strengthening Wildlife veterinary care – Assistance to activities in Trans-boundary
– Strengthening Staff welfare activities Protected Areas
During 11th Five Year Plan, total outlay
Restoration of habitats
approved for the Scheme was ` 800.00 crores
– Habitat improvement activities of which ` 362.00 crores were allocated under
– Safeguards / Retrofitting measures the Scheme. The Ministry has released `
Eco-development and community oriented 360.162 crores under the Scheme during 11th
2
activities: Plan period. Year-wise detail of funds released
during 11th Plan period under this scheme is
– Addressing man-animal conflict
shown in Table-18.
Fig-20. Weaver ants (Oecophylla) capturing pollinators on Goolar Fig (Ficus racemosa)
89
Table-18. Details of Funds Released under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme “Integrated
Development of Wildlife Habitats” during XIth Five Year Plan
(` In Lakhs)
Sl. Name of the State/UTs 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
No.
1. A& N Islands 82.86 73.48 85.91 87.872 127.06
2. Andhra Pradesh 168.0553 92.378 102.02 64.341 71.50
3. Arunachal Pradesh 125.05 193.31 193.14 213.197 168.11
4. Assam 81.775 161.095 114.79 186.63 234.17
5. Bihar 4.00 37.558 42.29 19.889 00
7. Chhattisgarh 379.197 323.235 851.15 281.966 241.783
8. Chandigarh 0.00 00 00 12.29 19.98
9. Dadra & Nagar Haveli 11.78 15.62 14.88 00 00
10. Goa 31.59 41.94 71.03 32.879 21.458
11. Gujarat 332.084 318.52 426.10 1106.749 1126.589
12. Haryana 70.03 86.02 17.22 15.114 28.70
13. Himachal Pradesh 233.319 241.983 265.92 253.80 242.1104
14. Jammu & Kashmir 221.54 470.87 375.397 537.336 445.085
15. Jharkhand 98.128 99.753 80.267 63.64 64.2615
16. Karnataka 630.643 625.1501 566.71 412.252 335.851
17. Kerala 493.574 864.96 432.48 366.786 941.79
18. Madhya Pradesh 800.915 613.34 541.98 635.366 506.164
19. Maharashtra 331.32564 390.22 273.679 343.32 322.391
20. Manipur 105.8948 100.095 118.31 88.316 86.65
21. Meghalaya 64.88 58.007 59.75 58.03 43.80
22. Mizoram 169.46 289.09 186.85 707.763 153.445
23. Nagaland 19.11 28.415 34.115 33.595 30.333
24. Odisha 357.081 576.88 390.95 315.331 331.2651
25. Punjab 0.00 40.29 36.26 25.12 00
26. Rajasthan 347.24 414.58 496.746 348.068 291.387
27. Sikkim 159.22 187.73 240.93 183.78 131.793
28. Tamil Nadu 274.64 727.91 518.67 334.449 256.027
29. Tripura 36.00 0.00 13.00 2.84 00
30. Uttar Pradesh 332.362 307.173 274.45 296.179 204.371
31. Uttarakhand 76.671 216.09 145.08 134.90 201.144
32. West Bengal 356.215 345.78 381.318 276.385 246.425
33 Delhi 0.00 0.00 0.00 00 00
34 Daman & Diu 4.721 6.12 6.05 00 00
TOTAL 6399.36074 7947.5921 7357.442 7438.183 6873.643
90
During 11th Plan period, evaluation of 58 Table-19. Details of Funds Released under
PAs was carried out by a panel of experts using the Centrally Sponsored Scheme “Integrated
international protocols. The Management Development of Wildlife Habitats” During
Effectiveness Evaluation (MEE) score of the 58 2012-13 (Upto 31.1.2013)
PAs is as follows: Very Good (9 PAs); Good (22 (` in Lakhs)
PAs); Satisfactory (19 PAs) and Poor (8 PAs). Sl. Name of the State/Uts 2012-13
No. (Upto
During 12th Five Year Plan, total outlay
approved for the Scheme is ` 800.00 crores of 1. Andaman & Nicobar Island 109.50
which ` 73.50 crores has been allocated during 2. Andhra Pradesh 180.335
2012-13. State-wise detail of funds released 3. Arunachal Pradesh 162.3755
during 2012-13 under this scheme is given in
4. Assam 146.00
Table-19.
2
5 Bihar 64.685
Out of 16 species identified for the species
6 Chhattisgarh 362.38
recovery programme, financial assistance has
been provided for nine species. The amount 7 Goa 148.12
provided to the State/Union Territory in respect 8. Gujarat 517.926
of these species is as below: 9. Haryana 37.60
– Project Snow Leopard - (J&K – `169.20 10. Himachal Pradesh. 318.9668
lakh, Uttarakhand – `86.40 lakh, Himachal 11. Jammu & Kashmir 515.957
Pradesh- `164.696 lakh and ` 3.20 lakhs
12. Jharkahand 81.6195
to Arunachal Pradesh)
– Project Hangul - (J&K – ` 268.56 lakh) 13 Karnataka 408.2648
– Project Vulture – (Haryana – ` 43.60 lakh, 14. Kerala 426.08

Punjab – 18.40 lakh, Gujarat – `12.30 15. Madhya Pradesh 467.707
lakh) 16. Maharashtra 403.885
– Project Sanghai Deer – (Manipur – `33.96
17. Manipur 73.925
lakh)
18. Meghalaya 22.08
– Project Edible nest swiftlet – (A & N
Islands – `92.402 lakh) 19. Mizoram 77.11
– Project Nilgiri Tahr (Tamil Nadu- ` 4.80 20. Nagaland 25.855
lakhs) 21. Odisha 368.2084
– Project Dugong (A&N Islands-` 18.61
22. Rajasthan 413.00
lakh)
23. Sikkim 177.579
– Project Lion (Gujarat-` 1350.40 lakh)
24. Tamil Nadu 237.66
– Project Wild Buffalo (Chhattisgarh –
` 13.75 lakh). 25. Uttar Pradesh 263.78
Financial assistance has also been provided 26. Uttarakhand 220.27
to the States for relocation of communities 27. West Bengal 164.135
from within PAs to areas outside. Details
TOTAL 6395.004
of such assistance are as follows:
91
– ` 540.00 lakhs has been released to by the regional offices of Wildlife Preservation,
Chattisgarh for relocation of 135 families an Annual Report is published as per the
from villages in Barnawapara Sanctuary requirement of CITES. Consequent upon
during 2009-10. creation of Wildlife Crime Control Bureau, these
– ` 550.00 lakh has been released to Kerala regional and sub-regional offices have been
for relocation of 55 families from Wayanad merged in the Bureau.
Sanctuary during 2011-12. The scheme “Strengthening of Wildlife
– `488.00 lakh has been released to Mizoram Division and Consultancies” (Control of Wildlife
for relocation of 61 families from Dumpui Crime) support the expenses of the Wildlife
‘S’ village in Thorangtlang Sanctuary 2010- Crime Control Bureau and its regional offices
11. located in Delhi, Jabalpur, Mumbai, Kolkata
– ` 30.00 lakh has been released to Kerala and Chennai to ensure adequate manpower
for relocation of 3 families from Malabar and development of infrastructure for better
Wildlife Sanctuary during 2011-12. enforcement of Wild Life (Protection) Act, etc.
Assistance is also extended to the three sub
CS - Strengthening of Wildlife Division and
regional offices at Guwahati, Amritsar and
Consultancies for Special Tasks
Cochin which were established subsequently
This Central Sector Scheme was launched to further strengthen the organization.
in 1986 to strengthen the Wildlife Division
in the Ministry and the Regional Offices of Besides, research proposals from
Wildlife Preservation for fulfilling the statutory independent research agencies and institutions
obligations under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, on applied aspects of Wildlife Conservation
1972 and the inter-Governmental commitments in India are also provided support under this
under the Convention on International Trade scheme. During 2012-13, two new research
in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora projects and five ongoing projects were
(CITES). supported under the scheme.
International trade in wild flora and fauna An amount of ` 6.30 crores has been
including the species covered under CITES, is allocated under this Scheme for the year 2012-
regulated by the provisions of the EXIM Policy. 13 of which ` 3.96 crores has been utilized till
Relevant parts of EXIM Policy are based on the 31.12.2012.
legal provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Important initiatives taken by the Wildlife
Act, 1972 and provisions of CITES. The Division of the Ministry
Director (Wildlife Preservation) is designated
Declaration of Eco-sensitive Zones
as the CITES Management Authority and the
Regional Deputy Directors (WCCB) are the As per the decision of the National Board
Assistant Management Authorities for CITES for Wild Life taken in its 2nd Meeting held on
implementation. The function of these offices 17th March 2005, the State Governments were
is to monitor and regulate international requested to forward site specific proposals
trade in wildlife and wildlife articles at the for declaration of Eco-sensitive zones around
designated ports of exit and entry i.e Mumbai, Protected Areas. The Ministry of Environment
Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai, Cochin, Amritsar and and Forests framed guidelines for facilitating
Guwahati. In addition to the periodic reviews the State/Union Territory Governments for
92
declaration of eco-sensitive zones around providing, regulating, and dealing in any other
National Parks and Sanctuaries, and issued manner with, the EMR based services, has been
the same vide O.M. No. 1-9/2007 WL-I dated 9 prepared. Main objective of the listed actions is
February 2011. Subsequently, draft notifications to avoid and mitigate the impacts of EMR. The
with respect to eco-sensitive zones around Ministry of Environment and Forests accordingly
National Parks and Sanctuaries in the States of requests the concerned Departments, State
Haryana (9 no), Jharkhand (1 no.), Karnataka (1 Governments, user agencies, and the public at
No.) and Gujarat (4 no.) have been issued. The large to take following actions:
final notification of eco-sensitive zone around
Ministry of Environment and Forests
Sultanpur National Park, Haryana and around
Dalma Sanctuary, Jharkhand have already – The Electro Magnetic Radiations from
been issued. the communication towers may have
2
varying negative impacts on wildlife
Advisory on Mobile Towers especially birds and bees. Accordingly,
The Ministry of Environment and Forests the information on the impacts related
had constituted an Expert Committee to to different forms of wildlife as well
look into the ‘Impact of mobile towers on as humans, should be provided to the
birds and bees’ under the chairmanship of concerned agencies for regulating the
Dr Asad Rahmani, Director, Bombay Natural norms for notification of standards for safe
History Society (BNHS) on 30th August August limits of EMR taking into consideration the
2010. The Expert Committee had submitted impacts on living beings.
its report to the Ministry. The review of the II. State/Local Bodies
available scientific information by the Expert
– Regular auditing and monitoring
Committee in the report indicates that the
of EMR should be conducted in
Electro-Magnetic Radiations (EMR) interferes
urban localities/ educational/hospital/
with biological systems. On the basis of the
industrial/residential/recreational
report and subsequent deliberations with
premises and especially around the
stakeholders, an advisory has been issued
Protected Areas (PAs) and ecologically
by the Ministry on 9th August 2012. The main
sensitive areas w.r.t. notified norms of
objective of the list of activities indicated in the
Department of Telecommunications.
advisory is to avoid, and mitigate the impacts
Problematic towers from EMR point of
of EMR. The report of the expert committee has
view should be got suitably relocated/
been submitted to the Ministry of Environment
removed.
and Forests.
– Bold signs and messages on the
The review of the available scientific dangers of cell phone towers and
information by the Expert Committee in the associated radiations are displayed
report indicates that the Electro-Magnetic in and around the structures of the
Radiations (EMR) interfere with the biological towers. In addition to these signs, use of
systems. On the basis of the report of the Expert visual daytime markers in areas of high
Committee and subsequent deliberations diurnal raptor or waterfowl movements,
with the stakeholders, a list of actions to be should also be promoted.
undertaken by various agencies involved in
93
– Before according permission for wise GIS mapping of all cell phone
construction of towers, ecological towers should be maintained which
impact assessment and review of would, inter alia, help in monitoring
installation sites will be essential in the population of birds and bees in
wildlife and/or ecologically important and around the mobile towers and
areas. The Forest Department should also in and/or around wildlife protected
be consulted before installation of cell areas.
phone towers in and around PAs and – There is an urgent need to refine
zoos. the Indian standard on safe limits of
III. State Environment and Forest exposure to EMR, keeping in view
Departments the available literature on impacts
– Regular awareness drive with high level on various life forms. Till such time
of visibility through all forms of media, the Indian standards are reformed,
and in regional languages should be a precautionary approach shall be
undertaken by the State Governments preferred to minimize the exposure
and concerned Departments to make levels and adopt stricter norms
people aware about various norms and possible, without compromising
standards with regard to cell phone on optimum performance of the
towers and dangers of EMR from the networks.
same. Such notices should also be V. All concerned agencies
placed in all wildlife protected areas
– Security lighting for on-ground facilities
and zoos by the Forest Department.
should be minimized, and as far as
IV. Department of Telecommunications possible, point downwards or be down-
– To prevent overlapping of high shielded to avoid bird hits.
radiation fields, new towers should – Any study conducted on impact of
not be permitted within a radius of
EMF radiation on wildlife needs to be
one kilometre of the existing towers.
shared with Forest Department and
Sharing of passive infrastructure if
Department of Telecommunications
made mandatory for Telecom Service
to facilitate appropriate policy
Providers can minimize need of having
formulations.
additional towers. If new towers must
be built, these should be constructed Declaration of Critical Wild life Habitats
with utmost care and precautions The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional
so as not to obstruct flight path of Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights)
birds, and also not to increase the Act, 2006 was enacted in 2006. The Act has
combined radiations from all towers been enacted to recognize and vest the forest
in the area. rights and occupation in forest land in forest
– The location and frequencies of cell dwelling Scheduled Tribes and other traditional
phone towers and other towers forest dwellers who have been residing in
emitting EMR, should be made such forests for generation but whose rights
available in public domain. This can be could not be recorded, and to provide for a
at city/ district/ village level. Location- framework for recording the forest rights so
94
vested and the nature of evidence

required for such recognition and
vesting in respect of forest land.
The Rules under the Act have been
notified on 1 January 2008.
The Ministry of Environment
and Forests had framed
‘Implementation Protocol’ for
determination and notification
of Critical Wild Life habitats in
National Parks and Sanctuaries, and Fig-21. Black necked Stork (Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus) – needs conservation
for facilitating the implementation
2
of the provisions of the Scheduled Tribes and Convention on International Trade in
Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora
of Forest Rights) Act, 2006. The draft (CITES)
‘Implementation Protocol’ was hosted on the In order to regulate international trade in
official website of the Ministry of Environment endangered species of Wild Life, the Convention
and Forests inviting comments from the on International Trade in Endangered Species
public. After incorporating the comments so of wild fauna and flora (CITES) was signed in
received appropriately, the draft protocol was March 1973.
forwarded to the Ministry of Tribal Affairs for
their comments/vetting. The Ministry of Tribal The Government of India signed the
Affairs have recently offered their comments on Convention in July 1976, which was ratified
the draft protocol, which are being examined. in October 1976.The Director, Wild Life
The draft protocol would also be placed before Preservation has been designated as the
the Standing Committee of NBWL for its CITES Management Authority for India. The
consideration, before finalizing and circulating enforcement of the provisions of CITES is
to the State/Union Territories. carried out by the Regional Deputy Directors,
Wild Life Crime Control Bureau, who have
International Cooperation also been designated as the Assistant CITES
India is a party to five major international Management Authority for India. Apart from
conventions related to Wild Life conservation, the Regional Deputy Directors, the Customs
viz., Convention on International Trade in Authorities, State Forest Departments are also
Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora involved in the enforcement of the Convention.
(CITES), International Union for Conservation An amendment to the Wild Life (Protection)
of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), Act 1972 has been proposed for integrating
International Whaling Commission (IWC), the provisions of CITES in the national law for
United Nations Educational, Scientific effective implementation of the Convention.
and Cultural Organization-World Heritage The Ministry of Environment and Forests has
Committee (UNESCO-WHC) and the Convention also constituted a CITES Cell on 10th September
on Migratory Species (CMS). 2010 to assist the Government of India in
CITES implementation. India has taken several
95
initiatives in recent years at national level to on ‘Trade in Elephant Specimens’ for

build capacity for better CITES implementation effecting improvements in the resolution
in the country. that aims to conserve the wild elephant
populations of the world. The decision of
Indian delegation has participated in the
COP 15 was pursued and a revised draft
meetings of the Plants and Animal Committees,
was submitted to CITES accordingly. The
the meetings of the Standing Committee and
draft would be discussed in COP 16 in
in Conferences of Parties of CITES from time
Bangkok.
to time. Following specific agendas have been
pursued in this convention in recent times. – India had emphasized the need for
strengthening of enforcement, and
– A recommendation for suspension of requested the Tiger Range States to comply
trade from India was made by the 59th with the decisions of the CITES COP-14.
Standing Committee of CITES, inter alia,
in respect of Pterocarpus santalinus and IUCN : World Conservation Union
Taxus wallichiana in view of certain gaps The International Union for Conservation
in information. Suspension of Trade on of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) -World
Taxus wallichiana was lifted by CITES Conservation Union is the world’s international
after convincing interventions by India “umbrella” organization established in 1948.
in 61 st Standing Committee Meeting IUCN has a membership of more than 1,000
in August 2011. Later, India conducted government and NGO member organizations,
a comprehensive NDF study on the and almost 11,000 volunteer scientists in more
species through one of its CITES Scientific than 160 countries. India has a long relationship
Authorities. This Non Detrimental Findings with IUCN. BNHS is the first organization in
(NDF) study ended in November 2011 and India to join IUCN as a member followed by
same has since been submitted to the the Indian Board for Wild Life and the Ministry
CITES Secretariat along with the report of of Environment and Forests. At present there
the CITES MA of India on the subject. In are 29 members of IUCN in India including the
the report it has been recommended that Ministry of Environment and Forests, National
no harvest from wild populations will be Board for Wild Life, Wild Life Institute of India
allowed till 2016 when an inventory and and Indian Institute of Forest Management.
assessment of stocks in wild as well as The launch of Project Tiger in India in 1973 was
in planted populations will be made for the outcome of the IUCN General Assembly
further management of these populations. meeting in Delhi.
Based on the report submitted by India,
– IUCN Red Listing
the CITES has revoked its suspension of
trade decision and has since permitted The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
trade of the confiscated material and a (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red
limited quantity of 310 MT annually from Data List), founded in 1963, is the world’s
the artificially propagated populations most comprehensive inventory of the global
from the private holdings in July 2012. conservation status of plant and animal species.
The IUCN Red List is set upon the precise criteria
– India headed a Working Group on revision
to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of
of the Resolution Conf. 10.10 (Rev. CoP15)
species and subspecies in order to convey the
96
urgency of conservation issues and to help the World Heritage Convention

international community to deal with threat of India is a member of World Heritage
species extinction. Convention (WHC) responsible for listing of
It was considered to align the red listing World Heritage Sites, which include both
process of the national institution with that of Cultural and natural sites. The World Heritage
IUCN. Accordingly, a consultative workshop was Convention is a Convention under the aegis of
jointly organized by the Ministry of Environment the United Nations Educational, Scientific and
and Forests and the IUCN -India on 1st February Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Wild Life wing
2011 to consider this possibility. As an outcome of the Ministry of Environment and Forests is
of this workshop, the Ministry of Environment associated with the conservation of the Natural
and Forests constituted a Steering Committee World Heritage sites. Currently, six natural
for guiding the task. Botanical Survey of World Heritage Sites have been recognized
2
India (BSI) and the Zoological Survey of India by UNESCO in India, viz., Nanda Devi National
(ZSI) have been made the nodal agencies for Park, Kaziranga National Park, Manas National
undertaking the assessments on flora and Park, Keoladeo National Park, Sundarbans
fauna respectively, in coordination with other National Park and serial cluster of 39 sites from
concerned organizations, and IUCN, etc. Western Ghats spread over 4 States. Apart from
these, the Valley of Flowers National Park has
– IUCN Council Meeting in India
also been included in the list of World Heritage
The IUCN Council is the principal Sites as an extension of Nanda Devi National
governing body of IUCN in between sessions Park. Seven new natural heritage sites, viz.,
of the World Conservation Congress which Bhitarkanika Conservation area, Desert
is the General Assembly of IUCN members. It National Park, Great Himalayan National Park,
mirrors the functions of an Executive Board of Kangchendzonga National Park, Namdhapha
a Corporation in terms of having management National Park, Neora Valley National Park,
and administrative responsibilities. The Council and Wild Ass Sanctuary, Little Rann of Kutch
is responsible for the overseeing and general have been included in the tentative list of
control of all the affairs of IUCN, subject to the World Heritage Site nominations from India.
authority of the World Conservation Congress. The information dossier for Great Himalayan
In a major initiative towards international National Park is under active consideration of
conservation, India hosted the Council meeting WHC, which is likely to be evaluated by their
of IUCN, at New Delhi from 14-17 November technical advisors for consideration in the 37th
2011. The IUCN Council meeting, which usually Session of WHC at Phnom Penh, Cambodia in
takes place twice a year in Gland, Switzerland, 2013. It is also proposed to seek accreditation
was held in India as a prelude to the 11th of the Wild Life Institute of India as a Category
Conference of Parties of the Convention on II Centre on conservation and management of
Biodiversity, which was held in Hyderabad in Natural Heritage Sites under the auspices of
October 2012. UNESCO.
An Indian delegation participated in the Indian delegation including

World Conservation Congresses held at Jeju, representatives of MoEF participated in the
Korea from 6-19 September, 2012. 35th and 36th Sessions of the World Heritage
97
Committee meetings held at Paris, France and Convention on the Conservation of Migratory
St Petersburg, Russia respectively. In the 35th Species of Wild Animals (CMS)
session, Manas National Park was removed The Convention on Conservation of
from the ‘List of Heritage Sites in Danger’ owing Migratory Species (CMS) or Bonn Convention
to the good management and conservation aims to conserve migratory species throughout
initiatives practised by both the Government their range. The Convention came into force
of India as well as the State Government. in 1979. India is a signatory to the convention
The serial nomination of 39 natural sites of since 1983.
Western Ghats was inscribed in the 36th Session. During COP 10, India has also been
This is the first nomination of a series of natural nominated as a member of the Standing
sites in recognition of the biodiversity values of Committee of the Convention with the support
a landscape. from various countries in the Asia. During the
Considering the importance of World COP, the Ministry of Environment and Forests,
Natural Sites in India, an externally aided WWF-India, Wetlands International and BNHS
project has been undertaken titled “World (Bombay Natural History Society) jointly
Heritage Bio-diversity Programme for India: organized a side event on Black-necked Crane
Building Partnerships to Support UNESCO’s urging the range States for regional cooperation
World Heritage Programme’. This project is an for conservation of this unique species found
outcome of a planning grant received from in the Himalayan high altitude wetlands.
the UNESCO and United Nation Foundation Conference of Parties is held generally once in
(UNF) and was developed under the guidance three years. Thus COP 11 is expected to be held
of a Project Steering Committee chaired by the in 2014.
Addl. Director General of Forests (WL), MoEF. International Whaling Commission
The total period of the project is 10 years with
two phases, viz, Phase-I of four years and Phase- The International Whaling Commission
II of six years. The project is being undertaken (IWC) was set up under the International
in 4 World Heritage Sites of India, viz, Kaziranga Commission for the Regulation of Whaling
National Park, Manas National Park, Nanda Devi which was signed in Washington on 2nd
National Park, and Keoladeo National Park. The December 1946. The purpose of the Convention
total financial outlay for the first phase of the is to provide for conservation of whale stocks.
project is to the tune of US $ 1.83 million. The main duty of the International Whaling
Commission is to keep under review and revise
The main focus of the Project is as necessary the measures laid down in the
on strengthening capacity for effective schedule to the Convention which governs
management; site level management policies the conduct of whaling throughout the world.
and governance; enhance the role of local These measures, among other things, provide
communities in conservation of biodiversity; complete protection of certain species,
enhancing habitat connectivity; restoration of designate specified areas as whale sanctuaries,
lost attributes; research and monitoring, and limit the number of whales which may be
identification of potential World Heritage Bio- taken, prescribe open and closed seasons
diversity sites. and designate areas for whaling; prohibit the
98
capture of suckling calves and female whales CS- Wildlife Institute of India
accompanied by calves. Wildlife Institute of India (WII) was
India has been a member of the established in 1986 as an autonomous
International Whaling Commission since 1981 institute of the Ministry of Environment &
and has played a pro-active and prominent role Forests, Government of India. The Institute has
in bringing about a moratorium on commercial emerged as a premier training and research
whaling and supporting the Commission in institution in the field of wildlife and protected
its efforts towards whale conservation. All area management in South and South East Asia.
the Cetacean species (whales, dolphins, etc.) Its mandate is to generate quality information
have been included in Schedule I of the Wild and knowledge products in wildlife science and
Life (Protection) Act, 1972 thereby giving mainstream it in capacity building programmes
them the highest degree of protection. Apart for various target groups and provide advisory
2
from this, India has always been supporting support to Central and State Government.
the conservation of whales through the Details about Wildlife Research and Wildlife
establishment of the South Pacific Sanctuary. Education may kindly see in Chapter-7 & 8
respectively.
The 64 Annual Meeting of the International
th
Whaling Commission was held at Panama City, Convention on Migratory Species

Panama from 2-6 July 2012. Indian delegation Wildlife Institute of India provided
attended the meeting. India’s proactive role in required technical inputs in the 17th meeting
its efforts to conserve the whale population of the Scientific Council of Convention on
worldwide was appreciated during meeting. Migratory Species, which took place prior
Fig-22. Lineated Barbet (Megalaima lineata) – listed in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
99
to CoP, in November 17-18, 2011, in Bergen, or through regional and border units set
Norway. Wildlife Institute of India has been up by the Bureau;
assisting the Ministry of Environment and – Implementation of obligations under the
Forests, Government of India in implementing various international Conventions and
the UNEP/CMS Dugong MoU in India. As part protocols that are in force at present or
of Dugong MoU, Wildlife Institute of India which may be ratified or acceded to by
organised the First South Asia Sub-Regional India in future;
Workshop and now conducting ‘All India
– Assistance to concerned authorities
Dugong Survey’ to finalize the ‘National Action
in foreign countries and concerned
Plan of Dugong Conservation in India’.
international organizations to facilitate
Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB) co-ordination and universal action for
wildlife crime control;
Introduction
– Develop infrastructure and capacity
The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB)
building for scientific and professional
was constituted as a statutory body under
investigation into wildlife crimes and assist
the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, by the
State Governments to ensure success in
Government of India on 6th June, 2007, to
prosecutions related to wildlife crimes;
combat wildlife crime in the country. The Bureau
has been envisaged as a multi-disciplinary – Advice the Government of India on
body with officials from Police, Forest Deptts issues relating to wildlife crimes having
and Customs. It became operational in 2008. national and international ramifications,
The Bureau has its headquarters at Delhi, five and suggest changes required in relevant
regional offices at Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, policy and laws from time to time.
Chennai and Jabalpur and three sub-regional The officers of the Bureau exercise such
offices at Guwahati, Amritsar and Cochin. powers as may be delegated to it under sub-
Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB), has section (1) of section 5; sub-sections (1) and (8)
been tasked with the following functions of section 50 and section 55 of the Act.
under Section 38 (Z), of the Wild Life Protection
Besides, the Bureau also assists the
Act, 1972:
Customs in enforcement of the Convention
– Collect and collate intelligence related to on International Trade in Endangered Species
organized wildlife crime activities and to (CITES), by way of identification and opinion on
disseminate the same to State and other wildlife & wildlife parts/ products; and issuance
enforcement agencies for immediate of EXIM certificates under CITES.
action so as to apprehend the criminals
Performance/Achievements/ Progress made
and to establish a centralized wildlife crime
during 2012-13
data bank;
The progress of achievement during
– Co-ordination of actions by various officers,
2012-13 (till 31.12.2012) against the key
State Governments and other authorities
measurable parameters identified by Prime
in connection with the enforcement of
Minister’s Office is given in Table-20.
the provisions of this Act, either directly
100
Table-20. Quarterly Progress Report for the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau
for the Quarter ending 31.12.2012.
S. Item Achievement Achievement During the Quarter Progressive
No. upto the Total
quarter during the
year 2012-13
NR ER WR SR CR BHQ Total
I No. of Pre/Post Shipment
inspections carried out
a) at the CFS and Docks 2485 0 325 377 368 3555
b) At the airports/air cargo 8582 546 185 13474

complexes
c) At the FPO’s 36 0 47 27 67 103
2
d) sealed samples 2801 0 0 4181
e) Land Customs Stations 3 12 0 12 15
13907 923 580 21328
II No. of Detections of
Violations at the exit
points both incoming and
outgoing
CITES 37 12 1 3 8 24 61
Wildlife (Protection) Act, 45 2 8 1 10 21 66

1972
Exim Policy 38 1 0 3 2 6 44
120 15 9 7 20 51 171
III No. of Joint Anti-Crime

Operationsundertaken
Agency wise:
A State Forest/Wildlife 13 0 0 1 4 5 18
Departments (specify
Division / other unit)
B State Police 8 0 0 0 0 0 8
C Customs (specify unit) 40 15 0 1 4 60
D DRI(specify unit) 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
E Others : 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
61 15 2 2 8 88
IV No. of Training
Programmes
conducted agency
wise
A CISF 7 1 1 1 0 3 10
101
S. Item Achievement Achievement During the Quarter Progressive

No. upto the Total
quarter during the
year 2012-13
NR ER WR SR CR BHQ Total
B Customs/Central Excise 6 1 1 1 2 5 11
C State Forest/Wildlife 4 0 0 3 5 8 12
D State Police 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
E Others : 1 0 2 0 0 1 3 4
18 2 4 5 7 1 37
V No. Of Coordination 0
meetings conducted/
attended
A State Forest/Wildlife 7 1 2 0 3 0 6 13
B State Police 4 0 1 0 0 0 1 5
C CPF’s 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
D Customs 4 0 0 0 1 0 1 5
E Postal Appraising 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
F NCB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
G CBI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
H DRI 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
I Others : 6 0 2 0 8
29 1 3 0 6 0 39
VI No. of Sensitization 2 0 3 1 1 20
Programmes
conducted/ attended
in respect of PRI’s
VII No. Of Cases filed in the 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(a) Courts
(b) No. Of Cases under trial 21 2 1 24
(c) No. Of Convictions 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
sentenced by Courts
Budget allocation and progress of CSS- Project Elephant

expenditure during 2012-13
Introduction
Against the allocation of `413.65 lakh
for the year 2012-13, expenditure incurred till Project Elephant (PE) was launched by the
31.01.2013 was `266.57 lakh. Government of India in the year 1991-92 as a
102
Centrally Sponsored Scheme with following – Construction/ maintenance around

objectives: Elephant Reserve (ER) to prevent
diseases
– To protect elephants, their habitat &
corridors – Conservation and development of habitats
and corridors
– to address issues of man-animal conflict
– Habitat improvement of habitats/
– welfare of domesticated elephants
corridors by enrichment plantation.
Financial and technical support is
– Removal of invasive species.
being provided to major elephant bearing
States in the country. The Project is being – Creation of water bodies.
mainly implemented in 16 States / UTs, viz. – Fire protection measures.
Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, – Eco-restoration of corridors including
2
Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, acquisition and relocation.
Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha,
– S o i l a n d wate r co n s e r vat i o n
Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttrakhand, Uttar Pradesh
measures
and West Bengal.
– Eliciting public cooperation and mitigation
Important Initiatives taken during the of human elephant conflict
year
– Ex-gratia payment for loss/injury of
– EFC report submitted to Planning life, property, crop etc.
Commission. – Eco-development and community
– Organisation of International Elephant oriented activities.
Congress and Ministerial Meet – Setting up of anti depredation squads
– Management of Captive Elephants with crackers, k oils etc to scare away
– Elephant Rescue Centre/Rehabilitation elephants.
Centre – Creation of elephant proof trenches,
– Launch of “Haathi Mere Saathi” solar power fencing.
campaign – Procurement of tranquilizing guns,
– Monitoring and Evaluation medicines and other infrastructure for
capture and translocation of problem
EFC for grants in Aid to State
elephants including capture and
– Protection of Elephants translocation of problem population
– Establishment of Anti-poaching camps, of elephants; translocation and/or
deployment of squads etc. elimination of rogue elephants.
– Procurement of rifle/guns/ – Improvement of support services including
ammunitions monitoring, research and training
– Strengthening of infrastructure like – Monitoring of elephant population
wireless communication, construction – Implementation of Monitoring of Illegal
of culverts bridges etc. Killing of Elephants (MIKE) programme
– Rewards to informers and intelligence including purchase of equipments like
gathering. computers etc.
103
Fig-23. Interaction of male tuskers at Kaziranga National Park
– Training of officers, field staff in ( A u d i o - V i s u a l , D o c u m e n t a r y,

elephant management technique. Nominating crand Ambassador).
– Training of Vets and Mahouts. – Coordination with foreign Governments
– To improve and create infra-structure and International Agencies, including
for the welfare of elephants in domestic foreign travel for programmes related
to the conservation and management
use, including their veterinary care,
of elephants in the wild as well as in
rehabilitation centre etc.
captivity.
– Preparation of Management Plans
including studies. International Elephant Congress and
Ministerial Meet (E 50:50)
– Evaluation and Monitoring of
Scheme. The Ministry of Environment and Forests,
Government of India will host the First
– Workshop/Meeting of stakeholders/
International Elephant Congress and Ministerial
Steering Committee.
Meet, E 50:50 from 14th to 19th November, 2013
– Awareness programmes for elephant in New Delhi. It will bring together scholars,
conservation including educational/ conservation practitioners and policy makers
promotional visits using IEC mechanism to discuss issues on elephant conservation
104
policy. The Congress will include conclaves on Themes for technical sessions during
science, culture and management culminating E 50:50:
in a ministerial summit to adopt a vision – Elephant Science
charter with common minimum global vision
– Elephant Management and
on conservation, management and welfare of
Conservation
elephants across all range countries.
– Elephant: Culture and Ethics
The need
Management of Captive Elephant
Elephants, the largest terrestrial mammals
India has nearly 3600 captive elephants.
that share our planet with us are a global
The Task Force recognizing the role of captive
flagship for biodiversity conservation. Three elephants in our culture and traditions, has
species of elephants are found distributed suggested following measures:-
2
across 50 countries today. Regardless of geo-
political boundaries, elephants across the world – Strict enforcement of the existing legal
face common threats of poaching, habitat loss provisions.
and conflicts with people. – One time amnesty to all elephant owners
to declare the same for grant of ownership
In 2010, the Government of India had
certificate to be called guardianship
constituted the Elephant Task Force (ETF)
certificate in future.
to formulate a strategy for the long-term
conservation of elephants in India. – Setting up of Captive Elephant Welfare
Committees (CEWCs) at state level for
Recognising that the three species of regular monitoring of the conditions of
elephants are interlinked by common threats, captive elephants.
the ETF recommended, among others, that – Training and certification of Mahouts.
the Indian government take global lead to
– Creation of life time care centers for
bring about a unified approach to elephant
elephants.
conservation and welfare.Thus the International
Elephant Congress was envisioned. – Creation of wildlife veterinary wing within
State Forest Department.
As a prelude to the Congress, the
Elephant Rescue Centre/ Rehabilitation
Government of India organised the E-8
Centre
Ministerial Meet in May 2011 that brought
together a ministerial delegation of eight Management of Captive Elephants is one
elephant range countries, viz. Botswana, Congo of the main target in PE Division during 12th
Brazzaville, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Five Year Plan. Even major initiatives are to be
Tanzania and Thailand at New Delhi, India. The taken for Establishment and maintenance/
meet deliberated on various issues affecting strengthening of the existing Elephant
elephant conservation in the world that led to Rehabilitation Centers. At present, Odisha,
the “New Delhi E-8 Recommendation on Global Haryana, Kerala and Tamil Nadu are having
Elephant Conservation” and recommended Elephant Rehabilitation Centers which are
the agenda for the ‘International Elephant being funded by MoEF under PE Scheme.
Congress and Ministerial Meet (E-50:50)’.
105
Estimation of Wild Elephants estimated population of the elephants is being

All India estimation of wild elephant compiled by the different states. Since this
population is done every 5 years. The trend of exercise is done after the interval of 5 years, the
last four estimations clearly indicates increase figure of estimated population of elephants is
in population of wild elephants in the country. due for release in 2013. The results of last four
Next All India Estimation was due in 2012. The estimations are given in Table-21.
Table-21. Estimated population of wild elephants
Region State Elephant Population

1993 1997 2002 2007
North-East Arunachal 2102 1800 1607 1690
Assam 5524 5312 5246 5281
Meghalaya 2872 1840 1868 1811
Nagaland 178 158 145 152
Mizoram 15 22 33 12
Manipur 50 30 12 Nil
Tripura 100 70 40 59
West Bengal (North) 186 250 292 300-350
Total for North- 11027 9482 9243 9305-9355
East
East West Bengal (South) 14 26 36 25
Jharkhand 550 618 772 624
Odisha 1750 1800 1841 1862
Chattisgarh - - - 122
Total for East 2314 2444 2649 2633
North Uttarakhand (*part 828* 1130* 1582 1346
of earstwhile UP )
Uttar Pradesh 47 70 85 380
Total for North 875 1200 1667 1726
South Tamil nadu 2307 2971 3052 3867
Karnataka 5500 6088 5838 4035
Kerala 3500 3600 3850 6068
Andhra Pradesh 46 57 74 28
Maharashtra - - - 7
Total for South 11353 12716 12814 14005
Islands Andaman & Nicobar 35 35 40 NA
Grand Total 25604 25877 26413 27669-27719
106
Elephant Reserves zoos. The functions assigned to the Authority

With the notification of Badalkhol- under the Wild Life (Protection) Act are:
Tamorpingla in Chhattisgarh in the year 2011, – To specify the minimum standards for
the total number of Elephant Reserves (ERs) in housing, upkeep and veterinary care of
the country has become 28 where as permission the animals kept in zoos;
for two more Elephant Reserves such as Lemru – To evaluate and assess the functioning of
in Chattisgarh and Khasi Elephant Reserve in the zoos with respect to the prescribed
Meghalaya have been accorded by the Ministry standards or norms;
and not been notified by the States so far. The
– To recognize or derecognize zoos;
area under these would be extending over
about 61830 sq km. The list of ERs with date of – To identify endangered species of wild
Notification and area is as below: animals for purposes of captive breeding
2
and assigning responsibility in this regard
Budget allocation for the Scheme during the to a zoo;
year and progress of Expenditure
– To coordinate the acquisition, exchange
An amount of ` 22.58 crores was allocated and loaning of animals for breeding
and the expenditure incurred upto 20th January, purpose;
2013 is ` 16.52 lakh.
– To ensure maintenance of studbooks of
Central Zoo Authority endangered species of wild animals bred
in captivity;
The Central Zoo Authority (CZA) was
established in 1992 under the provisions of – To identify priorities and themes with
the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 to oversee regard to display of captive animals in
the functioning of zoos in the country with zoos;
the view to enhance their role in conservation. – To coordinate training of zoo personnel
Central Zoo Authority is a twelve- Member in India and outside India;
body. Minister of State (IC), Environment & – To coordinate research in captive breeding
Forests, Government of India is the ex-officio and educational programmes for the
Chairman of the Central Zoo Authority and purposes of zoos;
Member Secretary, Central Zoo Authority is the
– To provide technical and other assistance
Chief Executive Officer of the Authority.
to zoos for their proper management and
For carrying out functions of the Central development on scientific lines;
Zoo Authority, two Committees namely – To perform such other functions as may
‘Administrative Committee’ under the be necessary to carry out the purposes of
Chairmanship of Director General of Forests this Act with regard to zoos.
& Special Secy. and ‘Technical Committee’
Recognition of Zoo Rules, 2009
under the Chairmanship of Additional Director
General of Forests (Wildlife), an ‘Expert Group The Central Zoo Authority has revised the
on Zoo Designing’ and ‘Expert Group on evaluation format of the zoos in order to ensure
Conservation Breeding’ have been constituted performance of the zoos vis-à-vis Recognition
with Member Secretary as ‘convenor’ for of Zoo Rules, 2009. Two more amendment are
advising the authority on improvement of the also proposed in Recognition of Zoo Rules,
107
Table-22. List of Elephant Reserves in India

Sl. Elephant Range Elephant Reserve with date State Total Area
No of notification (Sq. Km)
I Eastern India (South West Bengal- 1. Mayurjharna ER(24.10.02) W. Bengal 414
Jharkhand-Odisha)
2. Singhbhum ER (26.9.01) Jharkhand 4530
3. Mayurbhanj ER (29.9.01) Odisha 3214
4. Mahanadi ER (20.7.02) Odisha 1038
5. Sambalpur ER (27.3.02) Odisha 427
6. Badalkhol-Tamorpingla (15.9.2011) Chhattisgarh 1048.30
Total 10671.30
II North Brahamputra (Arunachal – Assam) 7. Kameng ER (19.6.02) Arunachal 1892
8. Sonitpur ER (6.3.03) Assam 1420
Total 3312
III South Brahamputra(Assam-Arunachal) 9. Dihing-Patkai ER (17.4.03) Assam 937
10. South Arunachal ER ( 29-2-08 ) Arunachal 1957.50
Total 2894.50
IV Kaziranga(Assam- Nagaland) 11. Kaziranga – Karbi Anglong ER Assam 3270
(17.4.03)
12. Dhansiri-Lungding ER (19.4.03) Assam 2740
13. Intanki ER (28.2.05) Nagaland 202
Total 6212
V Eastern Dooars(Assam- W. Bengal) 14. Chirang-Ripu ER (7.3.03) Assam 2600
15. Eastern Dooars ER (28.8.02) W. Bengal 978
Total 3578
VI E. Himalayas (Meghalaya) 16. Garo Hills ER (31.10.01) Meghalaya 3,500
Total 3500
VII Nilgiri –Eastern Ghat(Karnataka- Kerala- 17. Mysore ER (25.11.02) Karnataka, 6724
Tamilnadu-Andhra)
18. Wayanad ER (2.4.02) Kerala 1200
19. Nilgiri ER (19.9.03) Tamilnadu 4663
20. Rayala ER (9.12.03) Andhra 766
Total 13353
VIII South Nilgiri (Kerala- Tamilnadu) 21. Nilambur ER (2.4.02) Kerala 1419
22. Coimbatore ER (19.9.03) Tamilnadu 566
Total 1985
IX Western Ghat(Tamilnadu- Kerala) 23. Anamalai ER (19.9.03) Tamilnadu 1457
24. Anamudi ER (2.4.02) Kerala 3728
Total 5185
X Periyar(Kerala- Tamilnadu) 25. Periyar (2.4.02) Kerala 3742
26. Srivilliputtur ER(19.9.03) Tamilnadu 1249
Total 4991
XI Northern India (Uttarakhand-U.P.) 27. Shivalik ER (28.10.02) Uttarakhand 5405
28. Uttar Pradesh ER (9.9.09) U.P. 744
6149
Total 61830.80
108
Table-23. Evaluation of Zoos as on 18th January, 2013.

S. Name of the State Name of the Zoo Category of the Date of
No. Zoo evaluation
1. Andhra Pradesh Kinnerasani Deer Park, Kinnerasani Mini Zoo 24-25.04.2012
2. Kerala Mini Zoo, Kodanad Mini Zoo 14-15.05.2012
3. Karnataka Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Centre, Rescue Centre 25.04.2012

Bengaluru
4. Karnataka Kaiwara Tapovana Zoo, Kolar Mini Zoo 23.05.2012
5. Kerala Hill Palace Zoo, Ernakulam Mini Zoo 14.05.2012
6. Karnataka Bellary Zoo,Bellary Mini Zoo 24.05.2012
7. Karnataka People for Animals Rescue Centre, Bengaluru Rescue Centre 25.04.2012
2
8. Andhra Pradesh Tirumala Hills Deer Park, Tirumala Mini Zoo 18.08.2012
9. Jharkhand Tata Steel Zoological Park, Jamshedpur Small Zoo 13.09.2012
10. Jharkhand Jawaharlal Nehru Biological Park, Bokaro Small Zoo 02.01.2012
11. Karnataka Tungabhadra Mini Zoo, Tungabhadra, Bellary Mini Zoo 16.08.2012
12. Karnataka Indira Priyadarshini Prani Sangrahalaya, Anagodu, Mini Zoo 26.04.2012
Davangere
13. Karnataka A. M. Gudi Mini Zoo, Balvana Mini Zoo 26.04.2012
14. Maharashtra Maharaja Shahaji Chhatrapati Zoo, Kolhapur Mini Zoo 04.09.2012
15. Uttar Pradesh Sarnath Deer Park, Varanasi Mini Zoo 10.10.2012
16. Uttar Pradesh Kanpur Zoological Park, Kanpur Medium Zoo 16.06.2012
17. West Bengal Nature Park, Taratola, Kolkata Mini Zoo 25.06.2012
18. West Bengal Garchumukh Deer Park, Garchumukh Mini Zoo 27.06.2012
19. West Bengal Surulia Mini Zoo, Purulia Mini Zoo 05.11.2012
20. West Bengal Ramnabagan Mini Zoo, Burdwan Mini Zoo 09.11.2012
21. West Bengal Pugmarks-PFA Santiniketan Rescue Centre, Distt. Rescue Centre 07.11.2012
Birbhum
22. West Bengal Zoological Garden, Alipore Medium Zoo 27.06.2012
23. Dadra & Nagar Haveli Lion Safari, Vasona Mini Zoo 29.12.2012
24. Karnataka Mini Zoo at Gendekatte Hassan Mini Zoo 19.12.2012
25. Sikkim Himalayan Zoological Park, Bulbuley Mini Zoo 09.12.2012
26. West Bengal Kunjnagar Eco Park, Kunjanagar Mini Zoo 12.10.2012
27. West Bengal Kumari Kangsabati Deer Park, Bankura Mini Zoo 06.11.2012
28. West Bengal Adina Deer Park, Malda Mini Zoo 26.10.2012
29. West Bengal Jhargram Deer Park, Jhargram Small 08.11.2012
30. West Bengal Rasikbeel Mini Zoo, Rasikbeel Mini Zoo 11.10.2012
109
2009 to revise the criteria of classification of – Specialized theme based training

zoos and constitution of Zoo Foundation by programmes for zoo keepers on regional
each zoo to have provision for ploughing back basis “Management of wild animals
the revenue generated by zoo for development in captivity with special reference to
activities. enrichment of animal enclosures” in
collaboration with Assam State Zoo,
Evaluation of zoos
Guwahati; Kamla Nehru Zoological Park,
The Central Zoo Authority evaluated Ahmedabad; Sri Chamarajendra Zoological
2 Medium, 3 Small and 22 Mini Zoos and 3 Gardens, Mysore; Kanpur Zoological Park,
Rescue Centres. The details about are given in Kanpur, G. B. Pant High Altitude Zoo,
Table-23. Nainital and Nandankanan Zoological Park,
Recognition/ de-recognition of zoos Bhubaneswar.
– The Central Zoo Authority in collaboration
The Central Zoo Authority has granted
with Veterinary College, Khanpara
extension of recognition to 2 Medium, 3 small, 22
Guwahati and Assam State Zoo, Guwahati
mini zoos and 3 rescue centres as on 18th January,
2013 with certain conditions and stipulations for organized hands on training programme
improvement. There are 196 recognized zoos for the Zoo Veterinarian on “Restraint of
(including 23 nos. of circuses) in the country. One zoo animals and their transport” from 24th
circus and one Mini Zoo has been de-recognized to 28th September 2012 at Assam State
after following due procedure as per Wild Life Zoo, Guwahati.
(Protection) Act 1972. – The Central Zoo Authority in collaboration
with the Durrell Wildlife Conservation
Exchange/Transfer of animals by zoos Trust, UK and Padmaja Naidu Himalayan
Thirty three exchange proposals of Zoological Park, Darjeeling organized
animals between Indian zoos and 12 exchange a Training programme on “Endangered
proposals between Indian and foreign zoos Species Recovery Course” for the senior
have been approved by the authority during zoo personnel at Padmaja Naidu Himalayan
the year 2012-13 till January 2013. Zoological Park, Darjeeling from 17th to
21st November 2012.
Theme/ Planning in zoos
– The Central Zoo Authority sponsored Dr
The Central Zoo Authority is assisting
Sam Varghese, Forest Ranger, Biological
recognized zoos in finalization of Master plans
Park, Chidiyatapu, A & N Island deputed
for detailed long term future development. So
& sponsored by CZA for attending
far 162 detailed Master Plans has been received
the Endangered Species Recovery
as on 18th January 2013. During the current
Course organized by the Durrell Wildlife
financial year; CZA has approved Master
Conservation Trust, Jersey UK 9th July – 20th
(layout) Plan of 23 zoos and 5 Master Plan.
July, 2012.
Human Resource Development – Shri B.S. Bonal, Member Secretary, Central
During the current financial year, the CZA Zoo Authority attended 67th meeting of
had organized following training programme the WAZA & CBSG held at Malbourne,
for capacity building in the zoos: Australia form 7th – 11th October 2012.
110
– The Central Zoo Authority has deputed Research and Training

and sponsored the Director, National The Central Zoo Authority has awarded
Zoological Park (NZP) Delhi for attending grant for research projects, ₹11.49 lakhs
67th International WAZA & CBSG Meting at to LaCONES, Hyderabad for project
Melbourne, Australia. on Biotechnological interventions for
– Zoo officials from SAARC countries were conservation; 9.00 lakhs to Wildlife Institute
invited to attend in the Workshop held at of India, Dehradun for studies on housing
Veterinary College, Khanpara, Guwahati and enclosure enrichment; 2.25 lakhs to
and Workshop on “Recovery of endangered Nandankanan Zoological Park for research
species” Organized with Durrell Wildlife project on behavioural study of Indian
Conservation Trust, U. K. Officials from Sri Pangolin.
Lanka, Nepal and Bhutan attended the The Central Zoo Authority has also
2
same. awarded grant for training and workshops at
Finance different places in India. The grant of `14.00
lakhs to Veterinary College, Guwahati for
During the financial year 2012-13, total
National Workshop at Guwahati; `4.50 lakhs
` 1850.00 lakhs has been allotted to CZA as
to Kanpur Zoological Park, Kanpur for Zoo
grant-in-aid from Ministry of Environment
keepers training at Kanpur Zoo, Kanpur; `4.50
and Forests. Out of this ` 1031.46 lakhs has so
lakhs to Assam State Zoo, Guwahati for Zoo
far been released to various Zoos and other
Keepers training at Guwahati; `26.90 lakhs to
Organizations from the sanctioned grant-in-
Darjeeling Zoo, for 5 day training with DWLCT,
aid.
UK; `6.97 lakhs to LaCONS, Centre for Cellular
Conservation Breeding Programme and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad
for one day conference at Hyderabad; `5.65
For coordinated planned Conservation
lakhs to Director, WTI, Noida for International
Breeding Programme 26 numbers of species
bear conference organized in New Delhi in
has been prioritized out of of 73 identified
collaboration with MoEF, & WII, `28.99 lakhs
endangered wild animal species in Indian zoos.
to Director, WII for Workshop on Vulture
During the financial year 2012-13, the Central
Conservation Asia in collaboration with IUCN
Zoo Authority has released ` 42.10 lakhs to
held at New Delhi from 3rd – 5th May 2012.
Old Zoo, Kohima, Nagaland for Conservation
Breeding Programme of Blyth’s tragopan; ` 5.91 Improvement of zoos
lakhs to Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological The Central Zoo Authority convened
Park for conservation breeding programme of meeting of the Technical Committee during
Red Panda, Darjeeling; ` 57.80 lakhs Vulture the current financial year on 5th July (62nd
Conservation Center, Pinjore, Assam State Zoo Meeting) and 5th December (63rd Meeting) to
for Golden langur. discuss the proposal on improvement in zoos,
Target is to have atleast 100 properly bred conservation breeding programme, research
and genetically, physically and behaviorally and trainings, and approval of master plan
healthy individuals of each targeted species apart from the other policy level issues.
in captivity in India for proper display and as The Expert Group on Conservation
insurance for future exigencies. Breeding had its three sittings to discuss the
111
new guidelines to be adopted by the zoos – Organized training/ capacity building

while submitting the proposal related to the programme for the zoo personnel of SAARC
conservation breeding. During the meetings countries as add on to ongoing training
26 out of 73 identified endangered species programme.
were prioritized along with scrutinizing the – MoU with Leipzig Zoo, Leipzig, Germany
various proposal on Conservation Breeding. on various aspect of zoo management was
The Expert Group on Zoo Designing signed in addition to the already existing
convened 10 meetings as on 3rd April 2012 (28th MoU with Wildlife Reserve, Singapore for
Meeting), 11th April 2012 (29th Meeting), 9th Human Resource Development (Exchange
May 2012 (30th Meeting), 22nd June 2012 (31st training programme).
Meeting), 17th July 2012 (32nd Meeting), 8th – MoU with Central Zoo, Nepal has been
August 2012 (33rd Meeting), 20th September approved for better relations.
2012 (34th Meeting), 26th November 2012 (35th – MoU with University of California, Wildlife
Meeting), 6th December 2012 (36th Meeting), Institute of India and CZA for primates has
26th December 2012 (37th Meeting), 18th been approved.
January 2013 (38th Meeting) to approve the
National Tiger Conservation Authority
design of the enclosures to be constructed in
(NTCA)
Indian zoos and to recommend the approval of
master lay out plan of the zoos etc. Introduction
CZA also had Meeting on 8th January for The Centrally Sponsored Scheme “Project
various issues of CZA. Tiger” was launched in April, 1973 with the
objective “to ensure maintenance of a viable
Rescue Centre population of Tigers in India for scientific,
The Central Zoo Authority has provided economic, aesthetic, cultural and ecological
an amount of ` 335.69 lakhs for maintenance values, and to preserve for all times, areas of
including feed and medicines etc. to biological importance as a national heritage
rescue centres created at Chennai, Mysore, for the benefit, education and enjoyment of
Visakhapatnam, Tirupati, Bhopal, and Jaipur for the people”.
the lions, tigers, leopards, bears and monkeys
Milestone Achievements
rescued from the circuses and housed off-
exhibit at these rescue centres. – A detailed report on the country level status
of tigers, co-predators and prey in India
International Cooperation was released on 28th July, 2011. This was
– CZA has been nominated as member of the second round of country level snapshot
council of ISIS/ZIMS assessment which indicates a countrywide
increase of 20% in tiger numbers in 2010
– CZA has been nominated as a Protector
with an estimated number of 1706 (1520-
member of CBSG
1909). The 2006 estimation was 1411
– India will be hosting 2014 World Zoo (1165-1657) tigers.
Conference (WAZA) in New Delhi – 9th –
At present, India has the maximum
13th November 2014, preceded by the CBSG
number of tigers and its source areas amongst
annual meeting from 6th – 9th November
the 13 tiger range countries in the world, owing
2014.
112
to its long history of conserving

the species through Project Tiger
(2% of country’s geographical area
spread out in 41 tiger reserves in 17
States).
– A report on Management
Effectiveness Evaluation (MEE)
of Tiger Reserves was released
on 28th July, 2011, containing the
second round of independent
assessment based on refined
criteria done in 2010-11 for
2
39 tiger reserves. Out of 39
tiger reserves, 15 were rated Fig-24. Tiger (Penthra tigris tigris) - our national animal
as ‘very good’, 12 as ‘good’, 8
as ‘satisfactory’ and 4 as ‘poor’.
– The Revised Cost Estimates for Project – Re-introduction of Cheetah
Tiger was approved on 11.08.2011 for an – Launching of Phase-IV tiger reserve level,
upward revision of the cost estimates for continuous monitoring of tigers using
the ongoing Centrally Sponsored Scheme camera traps and building up data on
of Project Tiger during the XIth Plan photo captures of individual tigers.
period from 650 crore to `1216.86 crore – Launching the creation of a national
of central assistance to support States in repository of camera trap photo IDs of
village relocation from core areas of tiger individual tigers.
reserves. Several new components were
– Notification of the Kawal Tiger Reserve in
added to the Project, viz.
Andhra Pradesh
– Change in the funding pattern in
– Giving in-principal approval to five new
respect5 of North Eastern States
tiger reserve, viz. Pilibhit (Uttar Pradesh),
(90:10)
Ratapani (Madhya Pradesh), Sunabeda
– Raising compensation for man-animal (Odisha), Mukundara Hills (including
conflict to `2 lakhs Darrah, Jawahar Sagar and Chambal
– Acquisition of private land for Wildlife Sanctuaries) (Rajasthan) and
making the core/critical tiger habitat Sathyamangalam (Tamil Nadu).
inviolate
– In-principal approval for use of CAMPA
– Establishment of Tiger Safari, funds towards village relocation from core
interpretation/awareness centres areas.
under the existing component of
– Completion of e-surveillance project in
‘co-existence agenda in buffer/fringe
Corbett.
areas’, and management of such centres
through the respective Panchayati Raj – Launching ‘M-STrIPES’ monitoring
Institutions protocol.
113
Table-24. Plan Expenditure under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of

Project Tiger (as on 31.01.2013)
(` in crore)
S. No. Budget Head BE Expenditure
Project Tiger Scheme
1. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North Eastern Region)Grants- 134.70 124.45
in-Aid General
2. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North Eastern Region) 10.00 9.16
Scheduled Tribe Sub Plan
3. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North Eastern Region) 6.00 2.83
Scheduled Castes Sub Plan
4. 2552 (assistance to North Eastern Region) 16.00 9.87
5. 2406 (National Tiger Conservation Authority) Grants-in-Aid 1.00 Nil
General
Total 167.70 146.31
– The Special Tiger Protection Force (STPF) – A ‘SOP’ to deal with straying tigers issued
has been raised and deployed in three in January, 2013.
tiger reserves, viz. Bandipur (Karnataka), – Under active management, permission
Tadoba-Andhari (Maharashtra) and Pench accorded for translocation of two tigresses
(Maharashtra) (committed to support the from Ranthambhore to Sariska (Rajasthan),
other tiger States as well in this regard). besides one straying sub-adult male
– Comprehensive guidelines under section tiger from Panna to Satpura (Madhya
380 1(c) of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, Pradesh).
1972 issued for Project Tiger and Tourism – A bilateral arrangement has been
in Tiger Reserves on 15th October, 2012. recently formalized with Bangladesh
– A ‘SOP’ to deal with tiger deaths issued on tiger conservation. Our delegation
in December, 2012. are interacting with Nepal and China
within the framework of existing
bilateral arrangements. A sub-group
on tiger/leopard conservation has
been constituted for cooperation with
the Russian Federation, which has met
recently.
– Field level workshop for capacity
building of field officers to deal with
straying tigers being organized at Tadoba
and Dudhwa Tiger Reserves (2013).
– NTCA teams sent for field
Fig-25. Sucessful breading programmes at NZP, New Delhi appraisal of tiger deaths, Project Tiger
implementation etc.
114
Table-25. Fund release to States during the Budget allocation of the Scheme during
current financial year 2012-13 under the the year and progress of expenditure. Details
CSS of Project Tiger (as on 11.02.2013) are given in Table-24.
S. Name of the State Amount Animal Welfare
No. ( in lakh)
The Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI)
1 Andhra Pradesh 404.89
2 Arunachal Pradesh 420.08 The Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI)
Scheme relates to provision of assistance for
3 Assam 373.89
the following type of activities:
4 Bihar 311.06
5 Chhattisgarh 425.52 Financial assistance to Animal Welfare
Organisations for maintaining the stray
6 Jharkhand 82.68
animals in distress and for their treatment.
2
7 Karnataka 930.53
(Financial assistance based on the number
8 Kerala 514.83 of animals kept for their fodder, water, minor
9 Madhya Pradesh 5438.30 treatment etc}. Human Education Programmes
10 Maharashtra 657.43 for the welfare of animals implemented by
11 Mizoram 241.31 the AWBI as well as support to Animal Welfare
12 Odisha 142.95 Organizations (AWOs) for this purpose. Capital
expenditure at the Board’s Headquarters i.e.
13 Rajasthan 3608.38
expenditure on non-recurring items such as
14 Tamil Nadu 384.53
purchase of Assets/equipments. Expenditure
15 Uttarakhand 89.43 on a variety of other animal welfare activities
16 Uttar Pradesh 248.10 such as Rescue of Cattle from illegal smuggling
17 West Bengal 404.91 and transportation, rehabilitation of rescued
Total 14678.82 circus animals, Lab Animals, inspections, Legal
expenses in connection with court cases
pertaining to animal welfare, Mobile Clinics.
– Process underway for providing enabling
provisions in the Wildlife (Protection) Act, Scheme for Provision of Shelter Houses for
1972, to strengthen our implementation animals
of the CITES and towards enhancement of There are a large number of animals in
penalties for contravention of provisions our country without proper shelter especially
of the Act. in Goshalas/Pinjrapoles. A number of them are
– The successful reintroduction of wild tigers not cared for and are left in the streets, either
in Sariska is a unique exercise and is the wounded or suffering from various diseases.
first of its kind in the world. A reintroduced Though there are shelter houses operating at
tigress has recently littered and two cubs various places, their number is not adequate
have also been camera trapped. The tiger and the facilities provided are insufficient. This
reintroduction initiative at Panna (MP) has scheme endeavours to fill this gap and provide
also been very successful and reintroduced requisite services for the care and protection
tigers are breeding. of uncared for animals by making provision
for establishment and maintenance of shelter
115
houses to various NGOs, AWOs, Goshalas etc. – to act as an outreach to help the poor
Under this Scheme, the AWOs are assisted to people whose animals are involved in
the extent of 90% of the project cost of the accidents or affected with disease and
construction of a shelter house with a ceiling are immobile;
of ` 25 lakhs including 10% contribution to be – to act as mobile clinic to hold camps where
made by the AWOs. The amount is released in animals in a village can be vaccinated and
two equal installments. treated;
Scheme for Animal Birth Control and – to pick up unwanted or hostile animals
Immunization of stray dogs from human habitations;
Keeping in view the overpopulation of – to implement the ABC/ AR programme by
stray dogs throughout the -country and also collecting dogs and then releasing them
the increase of human / animal deaths due to after sterilization and immunization;
Rabies, this scheme is being implemented by Under this scheme the NGOs/ AWOs/
the Animal Welfare Board of India to facilitate Gaushalas are assisted to the extent of 90%
sterilization and immunization of stray dogs project cost for purchase of a suitable vehicle
through the NGOs including SPCAs throughout and equipment, modifications and fittings
the country. The Local Governments/Municipal thereon. The maximum amount of grant-in-
bodies are also showing increased keenness aid is limited to ` 3.50 lakhs for purchase of
to become stakeholders in the programme. the vehicle and ` 1.00 lakhs for equipment,
Presently several Municipalities (such as Delhi, modification and fittings thereon.
Greater Hyderabad) has entered MOU with
AWBI to tackle the population with the objective Scheme for Relief to Animals during Natural
Calamities and Unforeseen Circumstances
to make the country “Rabies free”. There is an
urgent need to expand this scheme to cover Various natural calamities in the form
more Metros & rural areas to address the issue of floods, cyclones, droughts and, Tsunami
effectively. Under the scheme, the norms for and earthquakes do occur in India. In
financial assistance are at ` 370/- per dog for such circumstances there is an immediate
pre & post operative care including medicines requirement for the provision of relief to
& ARV and ` 75/- per dog for catching and affected animals by providing fodder, adequate
relocation of dog (Total ` 445/- per dog). shelter, medical attention otherwise the animals
would perish. It is proposed to extend financial
Scheme for provision of Ambulance Services assistance to AWOs, State Governments/UTs,
to Animals in Distress
local bodies working in the affected areas for
Under this Scheme, Ambulance/Rescue providing relief to the animals affected during
Vehicles are provided to the NGOs/AWOs natural calamities and for relief of animals
/ Gaushalas working in the field of animal rescued from illegal transportation, slaughter,
welfare. The ambulance services are to be used circuses etc.
for the following purposes:
Animal Welfare Division handles following
– to ensure that immediate treatment / two schemes:-
first aid is given to sick, injured stray /
– Committee for Purpose of Control &
abandoned animals;
Supervision of Experiments on Animals
(CPCSEA)
116
– National Institute of Animal Welfare CPCSEA has been reconstituted on

(NIAW) 30.08.2012 as a Committee of experts from
Committee for Purpose of Control & several areas, including medicine, veterinary
Supervision of Experiments on Animals science, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology,
(CPCSEA) biostatistics, animal behaviour and ethics.
Apart from this, representative of NGOs/
The main objective of the Prevention of
AWOs are also associated with CPCSEA with
Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA), 1960 is to prevent
the approval of Hon’ble Minister. A total
infliction of unnecessary pain or suffering on
of 23 institutions have been registered by
animals. Accordingly, the Committee for Purpose
CPCSEA, 35 Renewal has been made and 7
of Control and Supervision of Experiments
Animal house Facility have been approved.
on Animals (CPCSEA) has been constituted
Conference and workshop were held in Delhi,
under provisions of Section 15 of this Act.
2
Lucknow, Chennai, Hyderabad, Patna, Kolkata
The Act provides for the duties and powers
and National Symposium at Mizoram.
of the CPCSEA, and also penalties, in event of
contravention of orders made, or conditions National Institute of Animal Welfare
imposed by the Committee. The mandate of the (NIAW)
Committee is to ensure that while conducting The National Institute of Animal Welfare
various types of experiments, in connection (NIAW) has been set up as a subordinate office
with medical research or education, animals are of the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
not subjected to avoidable pain or suffering. The objective of NIAW is to impart training and
The CPCSEA functions within the ambit of the education in Animal Welfare on a diversified
PCA Act, and Rules frame under it e.g. Rules basis comprising, among other things, animal
for Breeding of and Experiments on Animals management, their behaviour and ethics. The
(Control and Supervision), 1998 as amended. aim is to create an enabling environment for
Table-26. Progress/Achievement made during 2012-13
Outlay Quantifiable Achievements till BE Quantifiable

2012-13 deliverables 20.12.2012 2013-14 deliverables in
2013-14
AWBI Plan 700 750 AWOs 290 AWOs 1400 1000 AWOs
Shelter House 920 46 Shelters 15 AWOs 1150 52-55 Shelters
ABC 270 110000 Operations 13960 ABCs 600 135000 ABCs
Ambulance Scheme 445 60 Ambulances 2 Ambulances 400 90-95
Ambulances
Natural Calamity 10 Cannot be fixed 1 AWO 30 Cannot be fixed
CPCSEA 50 Cannot be fixed 23 Registrations35 55 Cannot be fixed
Renewals7 Animal
House
NIAW 125 20 Training 8 Training 275 26 Trainings
Grand Total
117
fulfillment of the statutory requirements as laid From the total target of 26 training
down in the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals programme, 7 training programme have been
Act, 1960. completed as on date. There is a proposal for
Internship Training Programme (Pant Nagar,
NIAW has been conceptualized as an
Mathura, Bikaner, etc) In-Service Training
apex body in the field of animal welfare and
Programme for Zoo personnels, Animal
its broad mandate covers the need to improve
Handlers and Capacity Building are also
animal welfare through education, research
proposed to be undertaken.
and public outreach. The Institute has been
operational since January, 2006 and the process The details of budget allocation of 2012-
of appointment of faculty is underway. The 13 and progress of expenditure is summarized
Institute is expected to evolve as a premier body in Table-27.
with international stature, with participation of
faculty / trainees from other countries.
Table-27. Budget allocation and progress of expenditure during 2012-13; XII plan Outlay
S. Scheme 12th Plan (2012-17) BE 2012-13 Amount Utilization

No. Approved Outlay Released (in %)
1. AWBI Plan 7315 700 700
2. Shelter House 6021 920 920
3. ABC 3000 270 270
4. Ambulance Scheme 1973 445 445
5. Natural Calamity 150 10 10
6. CPCSEA 305 50 25
7. NIAW 1236 125 35.81 Shifted from
Grant-in-Aid to
direct payment
Grand Total 20000 2520 2405.81 95.5%
118
119
Environment Impac t Assessment Environmental Clearance to Developmental

Notification 2006 Projects
The Environmental Impact Assessment As per the provisions of the EIA Notification
has been used as a management tool 2006, several meetings of the Expert Appraisal
to minimize adverse impacts of the Committees were convened by the Ministry
developmental projects on the environment during the year for appraisal of category “A”
and to achieve sustainable development projects from sectors of industry, thermal power,
through timely, adequate, corrective and infrastructure, river valley, mining and category
protective mitigation measures. The Ministry “B” projects from States where SEIAAs have
of Environment and Forests (MoEF) has used not been constituted/ reconstituted. As part of
Environmental Impact Assessment Notification appraisal process, wherever required, the Expert
2006 as a major tool to regulate rapid industrial Appraisal Committees also visited project sites
development of the country for minimizing the for obtaining first hand information about the
adverse impact on environment and reversing ground level realities and response of people
the trends which may lead to climate change living in the vicinity. Environmental Clearance
in long run. (EC) was accorded to Four Hundred eleven
projects. (between April, 2012 to January, 2013).
The developmental projects have been
The sector wise list of environmental clearances
re-categorised into category ‘A’ and category
issued to the projects by the Ministry is given in
‘B’ depending on their threshold capacity and
the Table-28.
likely pollution potential in the re-engineered
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Table-28. Environmental Clearances accorded
Notification of September 2006, requiring during April, 2012 – January, 2013
prior Environmental Clearance (EC) from MoEF
Sl. Category of Projects Total
or the concerned State Environmental Impact No.
Assessment Authorities (SEIAAs). Further the
1 Industry 202
notification provided for screening, scoping,
public consultation and appraisal of project 2 Thermal 37
proposals. 3 River Valley & Hydro-Electric 05
Amended EIA Notification 2009 4 Mining (Coal) 14

5 Mining (Non-Coal) 46
With a view to further simplify the
procedure for obtaining the environmental 6 CRZ, Infrastructure, Construction, 102
clearance without compromising or diluting Industrial Estates
the regulatory framework, the EIA notification 7 Nuclear, Defence & Strategic 05
has been amended in December, 2009. It Projects
exempts the biomass based power plants up to Total 411
15 MW, power plants based on non hazardous
municipal solid waste and power plants based Constitution of State Environment Impact
on waste heat recovery boilers without using Assessment Authorities (SEIAA)
auxiliary fuel from the EC process. The Ministry has so far constituted twenty
seven State/UT level Environmental Impact
120
Assessment Authorities [SEIAA/State Expert to the EC conditions. The monitoring cell in the
Appraisal Committees (SEACs) under sub- Ministry, besides providing policy guidelines
section[3] of section 3 of the Environment to these regional offices, also examines the
[Protection] Act, 1986 for appraisal of Category monitoring reports submitted by Regional
‘B’ projects and activities notified in the EIA Offices. In cases of major non-compliance
Notification 2006. further follow up action is taken for effecting
compliance including issue of show cause
Post Project Monitoring of Environment
notice followed by directions on case to case
Clearance Conditions
basis.
The objectives of Post Project Clearance
Monitoring are (i) to ensure that actions have Ministry had constituted a committee in
been taken to incorporate the environmental December, 2009 under the chairmanship of
safeguards during the project cycle in Additional Secretary to examine the monitoring
3
accordance with the conditions stipulated in process adopted to check compliance with
the Environmental Clearance letter; and (ii) the stipulated conditions and environmental
to take appropriate corrective measures to safeguards prescribed while granting
check adverse impact on environment during environmental clearance under EIA and Coastal
operation of the respective projects. The Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notifications and to
Category ‘B’ projects which have been accorded suggest effective monitoring mechanism. The
environmental clearance by the SEIAAs/SEACs committee has submitted its report which has
are also monitored for compliance of the been accepted by the Government.
conditions. The Committee constituted under the
Monitoring of projects with respect to chairmanship of Former Member Secretary,
conditions stipulated in the environmental Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) with
clearance issued under EIA Notification 2006 representatives from the Regional Offices
and Coastal Regulation Zone 2011 is carried out of MoEF and CPCB to develop criteria and
through the six Regional Offices. The monitoring formulate guidelines for categorization of
report is scrutinized in the Ministry and on non-compliances into the category of serious
that basis appropriate action is contemplated and not so serious submitted its report in
under the Environment (Protection) Act, September, 2011. The report has been put
1986 for violation of environmental clearance in public domain on the website of Ministry
conditions. A procedure has been laid down for to obtain comments/suggestions before its
issuing show cause notice, closure of industry finalization.
etc. in September 2009 which is placed on the Accreditation of the EIA consultants with
website of the Ministry. Quality Council of India (QCI)/National
Accreditation Board of Education and
Till December, 2012, eight hundred fifty
Training (NABET)
one projects have been monitored by the
regional offices of the Ministry. Based on the The Environmental Appraisal of
observations made during field visit, necessary Development projects is undertaken as per
follow up action has been taken with the project the provisions of the Environmental Impact
proponents to ensure an effective compliance Assessment Notification, 2006 based on the
EIA/EMP Reports prepared by the project
121
proponents with the assistance of their Petrochemical plants, Ship Breaking Yards
consultants. Good quality EIA Reports are a etc. The Manuals have been uploaded on the
prerequisite for appropriate decision making. website of the Ministry to not only give wider
Therefore, all the Consultants/public Sector dissemination to all stakeholders but also to
Undertakings (PSUs) / Universities and Research enhance transparency on the EC process.
Institutes working in the area of Environmental
Coastal Regulation Zone and Society of
Impact Assessment were required to get
Integrated Coastal Management (SICOM)
themselves registered under the scheme of
Accreditation and Registration of the National Ministry has issued the Coastal Regulation
Accreditation Board of Education and Training Zone Notification, 2011 in supersession
(NABET) and the Quality Council of India of Coastal Regulation Zone Notification,
(QCI) by 30th June, 2011. No EIA/Environment 1991 after a series of consultations with the
Management Plan (EMP) Reports prepared various stakeholders including the fishermen
by such consultants who are not registered community.
with NABET/QCI are being considered by the The objective of the new Notification is
Ministry after 30th June, 2011. to ensure livelihood security to fishing and
EIA Manuals other local communities living in coastal areas,
to conserve/protect coastal stretches and to
Expert Appraisal Committees (EAC) at the promote development based on scientific
Centre and State/UT Environmental Impact principles.
Assessment Authorities (SEIAAs) and State
Level Expert Appraisal Committees (SEACs) in The notification covers the categorization
the various States, have been assigned the task of CRZ areas, permissible and prohibited
of screening, scoping and appraisal of projects activities, regulation of permissible activities
of various sectors for grant of environmental in CRZ areas, procedure for clearance,
clearance (EC). In order to help in standardizing preparation of Coastal Zone Management
the quality of appraisal Sector specific Manuals Plans, demarcation of hazard line along the
have been prepared by the Ministry with the coastline including shoreline change, mapping
help of Administrative Staff College of India and areas requiring special consideration etc.
(ASCI), Hyderabad and the IL&FS Ecosmart Ltd., The salient provisions of the 2011
for the thirty seven sectors/activities listed in Notification are:
the EIA Notification 2006. They include Model
TORs, technological options, processes for – Water area up to 12 nautical miles and the
a cleaner production, waste minimization, tidal influenced water bodies have been
monitoring of environmental quality, related included under the Coastal Regulation
regulations, and procedure of obtaining EC Zone areas in order to:
etc. and are serving as Guidance manual to the – control the discharge of untreated sewage,
sector specific EACs. effluents and the disposal of solid wastes
as such activities endanger the fish and
The sectors covered include Mining,
their ecosystem;
Airports, Ports & Harbours, Nuclear Power
etc. Thermal Power, Distilleries, Oil & Gas – conserve and protect habitats in the marine
transportation pipeline, Oil Refineries, area such as corals and coral reefs and
122
associated biodiversity, marine sanctuaries mitigation, alternative livelihood are being

and biosphere reserves, sea grass beds implemented.
etc., which act as spawning, nursery and
To implement the above project, Society
rearing grounds for fish and fisheries;
of Integrated Coastal Management (SICOM)
– regulate activities in the marine and coastal has been established as a registered body. This
waters such as dredging, sand mining, Society will be implementing the CZM projects
discharge of waste from ships, construction having four major components namely, (i)
like groynes, breakwaters, etc., including National Coastal Management Programme,
reclamation which have serious impacts and three ICZM projects in three States namely,
on fishing and allied activities; Gujarat, Odisha and West Bengal.
– enable studies of the coastal and marine
Under the National component the
waters with regard to the impact of the
3
demarcation of the hazard line has been
climate change and the occurrence of
assigned to Survey of India for mapping the
disasters which has serious impacts on the
entire coastline of the country based on tides,
livelihood and property of the fisher-folk
waves, sea level rise and shoreline changes.
communities;
In order to build a capacity in the country in
– No restrictions are imposed on any the area of coastal management a National
fishing activities and allied activities of Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management
the traditional fishing communities in this has been set up within Anna University,
area. Chennai. The Centre would address the issues
– To invite comments on the draft Coastal related to research & development, coastal
Zone Management Plan from stakeholders. management and coastal communities. In view
This will ensure that for the first time, of the historical importance of Salt Satyagraha
local communities including fishermen undertaken at Dandi and surrounding villages
communities will have a say in the and at Vedaranyam by Mahatma Gandhi and
preparation of the CZMPs. Shri Rajaji respectively, implementation of
– The notification allows infrastructural Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project
facilities for the local fishing communities at these places has been undertaken as a major
to be constructed in the CRZ-III area. initiative by SICOM.
– Port and harbour projects are not Under this project, the State level
permissible in high eroding stretches components are being implemented at Gulf
except for defence projects. of Kachchh in Gujarat (`298 crores), Paradip-
Further, in view of the livelihood security Dhamra and Gopalpur-Chilka stretch in Odisha
of coastal communities the Ministry of (`202crores) and Digha-Shankarpur and
Environment and Forests has initiated an Sagar islands in West Bengal (`300 crores).
Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project The State components address the issues
with the World Bank assistance at an outlay of relating to coastal management including
about ` 1153 crores. Under this project, various improving livelihood of the local communities,
components including mangrove afforestation, disaster mitigation and promoting sustainable
coral restoration, shoreline protection, hazard alternative livelihoods.
123
Study on carrying capacity based planning – Delineation of Regional Management

for proposed development in Goa Plans & Growth options in terms of time
The regional carrying capacity study for Goa and space within the assimilative capacity
region being carried out by the Indian School thresholds for critical environmental
of Mines (ISM), Dhanbad is aimed at delineating resources.
a framework for economic development and The Interim Report based on post monsoon
decision making in mining sector based on data had been submitted by ISM, Dhanbad.
assimilative capacity estimation. It is also Findings reported in the interim report was
inter-alia aimed at addressing the regional presented to the Ministry on July 10, 2012. The
environmental management planning with an final report of the study is expected by August,
underlying objective of enhancing the quality 2013.
of life and to minimize the environmental and
Major Policy decisions taken during the
ecological degradation. The project on Regional
year
EIA of mining belt of Goa region will assess the
impacts of the existing iron ore mines as well as – Extension of Moratorium up to 31st
other mining activities along with other major March, 2012
anthropogenic activities (individually as well as Ministry had imposed a moratorium till
cumulatively) for delineating the framework for 31st August, 2010 on consideration of
the future mining activities in the defined study projects for environmental clearance to
area leading to environmentally sustainable be located in 43 critically polluted areas/
development. The broad scope of studies are: industrial clusters identified by Central
Pollution Control Board. It was envisaged
– Identification of regions (core impacted
that during the period of moratorium, time
zone of air and water environment, land
bound action plans will be prepared by the
area-administrative boundaries etc.) based
respective SPCBs/PCCs for improvement
on likely spatial impacts and homogeneity/
of the environmental quality in these
topography
industrial clusters/areas. The action plans
– Assessment of current status of temporal so prepared would be finalized by CPCB.
& spatial pollution profiles of different The status of preparation of action plans
environmental components has been reviewed in the Ministry from
– Delineation of sources of pollution and time to time. In accordance with the
quantification of pollution loads for current information received from CPCB that the
as well as future growth scenarios respective SPCBs and the local stakeholders
– Characterization of environmental status have initiated work on implementation of
receptors for selection of Hotspots and the submitted action plans moratorium
calibration of predictive modelling was lifted on consideration of projects
– Development of cause-impact framework for environmental clearance in the 25
for predicting residual assimilative capacity industrial clusters/areas. It has been
for the future growth scenarios with and decided that the moratorium would
without mitigation options continue in the remaining 18 industrial
clusters till the matter is reviewed in the
– Assessment of congestion levels based on
light of update to be provided by Central
environmental standards for receptors
124
Pollution Control Board regarding the projects for environmental clearance which
implementation of action plans as per involve forest land:
O.M dated 31st March, 2012. – At the stage of consideration of
Categorization of projects / activities proposals for TOR in respect of the
into category ‘B1’ & ‘B2’ under EIA projects involving forest land, the
Notification, 2006 project proponents would submit a
An Expert Committee has been constituted credible proof in support of the fact
on 30.1.13 to categorize Category ‘B’ that they have already submitted
projects / activities into category ‘B1’ & ‘B2’ their application to the concerned
under EIA Notification, 2006 and review Competent Authority for diversion
classification of projects / activities into ‘A’ of the forestland involved in the
& ‘B’ and General Conditions as contained project.
3
in this Notification – At the stage of consideration of
– Consideration of expansion of thermal proposals for EC in respect of
power projects projects involving forest land, the
project proponent would inform the
It has been decided that the proposal
respective EACs about the status of
for expansion of projects to which
their application for forestry clearance
environmental clearance has been
along with necessary supporting
granted can be considered only once
documents from the concerned Forest
the implementation for the earlier phase
Authorities. It will clearly be informed
has commenced. In case environmental
to the EAC whether the application
clearance for the earlier proposal is yet to
is at the State Level or at the Central
be accorded, the project proponent shall
level. The EAC will take congnizance
apply afresh and submit a comprehensive
of the involvement of forestland and
proposal for the entire project by clubbing
its status in terms of forestry clearance
all the phases so that the environmental
and make recommendations on the
issues could be addressed holistically.
project on its merits. After the EAC
– Mining projects from the districts of has recommended the project for
Bellary, Tumkur and Chitradurga in environmental clearance, it would be
Karnataka processed for obtaining decision of
Pursuant to the orders of Hon’ble Supreme the Competent Authority for grant of
Court, it has been decided that MoEF/ environmental clearance. In the cases
SEIAA will not consider any mining where the Competent Authority has
proposal from these three districts till the approved the grant of Environmental
Hon’ble Supreme Court lifts the ban on clearance, the proponent will be
consideration of projects in these areas. informed of the same and a time limit
– Consideration of projects for grant of of 12 months, which may be extended
EC which involve Forestland in exceptional circumstances to 18
It was decided that the following procedure months, a decision on which will be
will be adopted for consideration of taken by the competent authority, will
be given to the proponent to submit
125
the requisite stage-I forestry clearance. of habitation is involved, the requisite

The formal environmental clearance R&R and CSR should be put in place
will be issued only after the Stage-I as per the norms of the respective
forestry clearance has been submitted State Government. Further, if the area
by the proponent. involves any forestland, it needs to be
– Reclassification of CRZ area on the ensured that the requisite prior forestry
grounds of “Error apparent on face of clearance for diversion of forestland
the Record” has also been obtained under the FC
Act.
It was decided earlier that there is a danger
of regularization of violations through – In addition, the site should also
the process of reclassification and had, conform to the provisions of the CRZ
therefore, decided to freeze the CZMPs Notification, 2011 as requisite prior
approved in 1996 and to only consider commitment from the Competent
cases where there is error apparent Authority for availability should be
on record. Accordingly, the OMs were ensured.
brought out in July and August, 2011. – The land so made available for the
Further considering the requirement solar thermal power plant will not be
of preparation of new Coastal Zone deviated for any other purpose.
Management Plans (CZMP) and the time – Priority for consideration of Green
limit prescribed under the CRZ Notification, Building Projects
decided that considering the individual
It was decided that the proposal for
proposals on ‘error evident on record’ at
obtaining environmental clearance in
this stage was not advisable.
respect of Building and Construction
– EC for setting up of Solar Thermal Power projects which have obtained Green
Plants under Jawaharlal Nehru National Building rating (pre-classification of
Solar Mission (JNNSM) provisional certification) under the rating
Solar Thermal Power projects are programmes of GRIHA, IGBC including
not covered by the provisions of EIA LEED India etc. by integrating high
Notification, 2006. However, keeping in level of environmental norms into their
view the extent of land required for such building plans, shall get priority for their
projects, it has been decided that: consideration, out of turn, by the EAC/
– State Pollution Control Board/UTPCC SEAC as the case may be.
before issuing consent to establish Review the provisions of EIA Notification,
under Air and Water Act to such units 2006 relating to building, roads and SEZ
may ensure and satisfy themselves projects
by undertaking a site visit that the OM dated 07.02.2012 has been issued by
proposed area does not involve; (i) any regarding guidelines for high-rise buildings.
wet land, (ii)any agriculture land, (iii) Further, vide OM dated 11.12.2012, a
ecologically sensitive area, (iv) areas committee has been constituted under
rich in bio-diversity, (v) areas with large Dr. K. Kasturirangan, Member, Planning
habitation. In case, any displacement Commission, to review the provisions of
126
EIA Notification, 2006 relating to building, plant with capacity of three MTPA and
roads and Special Economic Zone (SEZ) above and petroleum refining industries
projects and guidelines for high-rise need to:-
buildings. – Adopt well laid down corporate
Simplification of Clearance Procedure for Environment Policy
National Manufacturing and Investment – Ensure, as a part of this policy,
Zone (NIMZ)/SEZs unit adherence with the EC and Forestry
OM dated 01.11.2012 has been issued clearance wherever applicable, granted
relating to simplification of clearance to the company
procedure for SEZs in line with the – Ensure that inter-alia the company
framework prescribed for NIMZs under functions in conformity with the
the National Manufacturing Policy. The policy
3
individual units within the NIMZs would
– Ensure that deviations, if any, from
be exempted from public hearing once
this Policy and cases of violations of
a public hearing has been conducted for
environmental and forestry clearance
the entire NIMZ, provided these NIMZs are
conditions that have been found by
notified as Industrial estate by the State
this Ministry or other public authorities
Governments Concerned.
should be duly reported to its Board
Consideration of proposals regarding of Directors and desirably reflected
Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg districts, thereafter on its website and in its
Maharashtra annual report.
It has been decided to extend the – Identify and designate responsible
moratorium for consideration of projects person(s) at all levels of their hierarchy
received by the Ministry or by the for ensuring adherence to this policy
Maharashtra State Environmental and compliance with Environmental
Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) Laws and regulations.
in Sindhudurg and Ratnagiri Districts,
These measures to promote environmental
Maharashtra upto 31st March, 2013.
consciousness and secure compliance will
– Corporate Environment Policy surely protect the project’s stakeholders
To bring into focus environmental just like financial systems and audit
commitment in the corporate sector, so mechanisms protect the shareholders of
that all the project proponents integrate a company.
environmental concerns into their day-to- – Consideration of proposals for TORs/
day functioning especially the compliance Environment Clearance/ CRZ Clearance
with the conditions of clearances. involving violation of the Environment
It is felt appropriate that all the Central (Protection) Act, 19861 Environment
PSUs and major projects of coal based Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification,
thermal power plants with capacity of 500 2006 / Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ)
MW and above, integrated Steel plants Notification, 2011
with capacity of one Million Tonne per The cases for granting Environment
Annum (MTPA) and above and cement Clearance / CRZ Clearance for such
127
Fig-26. Oriental Skylark (Alauda gulgula) – found in open grassland and near waterbodies
projects are at present being dealt with 1 EAC, the Ministry I EAC will proceed to
in terms of OM of even number dated verify the veracity of the complaint through
16.11.2010. Now, it has been decided the concerned Regional Office of MoEF
in that in supersession of this OM, the / State Government / CZMA. Of course,
procedure henceforth stated in this OM such a verification will not be required
will be followed while dealing with such in case the project proponent does not
cases. The violations could come to the contest the allegation of violation. Once
notice of the Ministry at various stages the Ministry EAC is satisfied that it is a
of processing of the proposals, i.e.: violation case, before proceeding any
– Processing the case in the Ministry further in the matter, the following will
before referring the same to the need to be ensured in the matter:
Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) for (i) The matter relating to the violation
TOR / Environment Clearance / CRZ will need to be put up by the Project
Clearance; Proponent to the Board of Directors
– During the deliberations in the EAC of its Company or to the Managing
meeting and recorded as such in the Committee / CEO of the Society, Trust,
minutes of the meeting; and; partnership / individually owned
concern for consideration of its
– Processing the case in the Ministry
environment related policy / plan of
after the receipt of recommendations
action as also a written commitment
of the EAC but before granting
in the form of a formal resolution to
TOR / Environment ClearancelCRZ
be submitted to MoEF to ensure that
Clearance.
violations will not be repeated. For
As soon as any case of violation comes / this purpose, a time limit of 60 days
is brought to the notice of the Ministry will be given to the project proponent.
128
In the meantime, the project will be The aforesaid procedure, will apply
delisted. In the eventuality of not mutatis mutandis to the cases handled at
having any response from the project the State level by the State Environment
proponent within the prescribed limit Impact Assessment Authorities (SEIAAs)/
of 60 days, it will be presumed that it State Level Expert Appraisal Committees
is no longer interested in pursuing the (SEACs).
project further and the project file will – Firm coal linkage
be closed, whereafter the procedure
As per the policy decision taken project
will have to be initiated de novo by
proponents are required to indicate
such project proponents.
firm coal linkage along with detailed
(ii) The State Government concerned information regarding the quality of coal
will need to initiate credible action to assess the environmental impacts of a
3
on the violation by invoking powers Thermal Power Projects and other projects
under Section 19 of the Environment which are largely dependent on coal as a
(Protection) Act, 1986 for taking raw material. The linkage/FSA must provide
necessary legal action under Section 15 the details of the coal quality parameters,
of the Act for the period for which the specifically (i) calorific value; (ii) sulphur
violation has taken place and evidence content and (iii) ash content and such
provided to MoEF of the credible action other parameters as may be prescribed
taken. by MoEF from time to time. The quality of
(iii) The details of the project proponent coal to be used in the project should be
and a copy of the commitment, etc., taken into consideration while preparing
mentioned at (i) above will be put on the environment impact assessment (EIA)
the website of MoEF for information report and carrying out the environmental
of all stakeholders. appraisal.
Once action as per para i, ii & iii above The calorific value of coal would determine
has been taken, the concerned case will the quantity of coal requirement per unit
be dealt with and processed as per the of power generation, ash content would
prescribed procedure for dealing with determine the land requirement for the
cases for grant of TORs / Environment ash pond as also the water consumption
Clearance I CRZ Clearance and appropriate for its disposal in slurry mode and
recommendation made by the EAC/ sulphur content would impact on the SOx
decision taken by the Ministry as per the emissions which, in turn, would affect the
merit of the case. air quality.
It may be clarified that the consideration It is clarified that the coal linkage could
of proposals for giving TORs I Environment either be in the form of a linkage through
clearance / CRZ clearance for violation a specific mine or a basket of mines or
cases will not be a matter of right for through dedicated coal block, in the form
the project proponent. In cases of serious of linkage accorded by Standing Linkage
violations, the Ministry reserves the right Committee of the Ministry of Coal or a
to outrightly reject such proposals and fuel supply agreement. Further, it would
not consider the same at all. be necessary to indicate the location of
129
mine as this would determine the necessity Mining projects of Jharia Coalfields and
of using beneficiated washed coal. Raniganj Coalfields based on cluster approach
In the eventuality of change in coal which includes existing mines, closed mines,
parameters with respect to the parameters abandoned mines and proposed mines in the
based on which EIA was prepared, it two coalfields. The Integrated EIA-EMP for the
would be necessary that the project cluster of mines should indicate the present
is referred back to MoEF to revisit the status of mines, environmental quality and
environment clearance granted earlier so the extent of pollution load from each mine.
as to assess the adequacy of the conditions The combined pollution load from the cluster
already stipulated and to incorporate any of mines that would be reduced by taking
additional condition as may be necessary suitable mitigation measures by the individual
in the interest of environment protection mines through an Integrated Environmental
including provision of FGD for control of Management Plan should be indicated
SOx emissions. along with the expected improvement in the
environmental quality. The Environmental
In view of the above a policy decision
Management Plan for each cluster would
was taken vide the Ministry Circular dated
dovetail the plan for addressing subsidence
November 01, 2010, wherein, a firm coal
and fire control and resettlement of habitation
linkage is essential for consideration of
from unstable sites and fire affected areas in the
power projects seeking environmental
Jharia Coalfields under the Jharia Action Plan
clearance. It was also clarified by the
and subsidence and rehabilitation of habitation
said circular that after the status of
from unstable areas in the Raniganj Coalfields
environmental and forestry clearances
under the Raniganj Action Plan. A number of
of the linked coal block/coal mine is
projects have been considered based on above
known.
approach during the year 2012-13.
The said decision was reviewed and a slight
amendment was made wherein, it has now OM dated 19.12.2012 has been issued
been decided that environmental clearance giving guidelines to EAC with regard to
for thermal power project for linked coal exempting public hearing for capacity
block/coal mine will be processed based expansion proposals of existing coal mining
on the status furnished by the project projects, which have obtained environment
proponent on the status of EC/FC of the clearance and which are for one time capacity
linked coal block / coal mine and in line expansion of up to 25% in the existing mining
with the parallel processing being adopted operation, within the existing mine lease area.
for granting environmental clearance of Mining of soil/earth from borrow areas
projects where forestry clearance is also
required i.e having convergence at the last OM dated 18.12.2012 has been issued
step. However, EC would be issued only relating to rationalization of procedure for EC
after Stage-I forestry clearance for linked for highway projects involving borrow areas for
mine has been issued. soil and earth. This is with a view to obviating
the need for obtaining a separate environment
Coal Mining Sector clearance for mining of soil/earth from borrow
Ministry continues to consider coal areas which form part of a highway project.
130
131
Control of Pollution Control of Air Pollution

Introduction – The air pollution and the resultant air
quality can be attributed to emissions from
The concern for environmental quality has
transportation, i.e. road, rail, shipping and
become the topmostissueinthepresent scenario
airways, industrial and domestic activities.
of rising population, increasing urbanization,
The air quality has been, therefore, an
industrial pollution, shipping, aviation and
issue of social concern in the backdrop
vehicular emission as well as pollution of
of various developmental activities. The
water courses due to discharge of industrial
norms for ambient air quality have been
effluents and sewage without conforming to
revisited and various industry specific
the environmental norms and standards apart
emissions standards are evolved afresh
from agriculture run-off. Realising this trend
or revisited and notified from time to
of pollution in various environmental media
time. For control of air pollution, with a
like air, water, soil, etc., the Government earlier
view to initiate policy measures and to
adopted Policy for Abatement of Pollution in
prepare ambient air quality management
1992, which provides multi-pronged strategies
plans, 560 ambient air quality monitoring
in the form of regulations, legislations,
stations are operational covering 223
agreements, fiscal incentives and other
cities, towns and industrial areas in 26
measures to prevent and abate pollution. To
States and five Union Territories. Presently,
give effect to various measures and policies
three out of five criteria pollutants
for pollution control, various steps have been
namely; sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen
initiated which include stringent regulations,
dioxides (NO2) and fine particulate matter
development of environmental standards
having size less than 10 micron (PM10 )
and periodical revision therein, control of
are monitored under National Ambient
vehicular pollution, control of air and water
Air Monitoring Programme (NAMP) by
pollution, abatement and prevention of noise
the Pollution Control Boards, Pollution
pollution, spatial environmental planning,
Control Committees, Universities and
revisit and revision in the list of critically
Research Institutes. Besides, additional
polluted areas and improvement plans therein,
pollutants for other toxic trace matters
etc. The Government also adopted National
and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are
Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement
also being monitored in selected cities of
on Environment and Development, 1992.
the country. Installation of automatic air
Afterwards, the Government adopted the
quality monitoring stations is undertaken
National Environment Policy (NEP- 2006) which
in cities for continuous monitoring.
seeks to extend the coverage, and fill in gaps
The continuous monitoring has been
that still exists, in light of present knowledge
introduced in twenty seven cities namely,
and accumulated experience. This policy does
Agra, Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Chandrapur,
not displace, but builds on the earlier policies of
Chennai, Cuddalore, Delhi, Durgapur,
the Government. It lays emphasis on a number
Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Haldia, Howrah,
of new issues.
Hyderabad, Jaipur, Jharia, Jodhpur,Kanpur,
Progress of Activities Undertaken under Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai,Panipat, Patna,
various programmes are as follows: Pune, Solapur, Tuticorin,Vadodara and
132
Varanasi. A total of 37 manual monitoring cities namely; Delhi, Bengaluru, Chennai,

stations covering 8 new cities and towns Mumbai, Pune and Kanpur in association
have been added in the network under with the institutions like NEERI, Nagpur,
NAMP during the 2012-13. TERI, New Delhi, IIT, Chennai, ARAI, Pune
– The Government has published the Revised and IIT, Kanpur. The objective frame
National Ambient Air Quality Standards, work for Source Apportionment Studies
2009 (NAAQS-2009) in the official Gazette included preparation of emission inventory,
on 16th November,2009. These ambient air emission profile, monitoring of ambient
quality standards/ limits provide a legal air quality, assessment of data and its
framework for the control of air pollution authentication and source apportionment
and the protection of public health. of PM10 using factor analysis and receptor
modeling etc. Application of Chemical
– Standard monitoring protocol to monitor
4
Mass Balance (CMB-8) Receptor model and
12 pollutants as per NAAQS has been
ISC dispersion model have been used in
developed during the year.
the study.
– In furtherance of these Standards, the CPCB
– The results of the Study, so obtained were
is in the process of drawing a road-map
evaluated by the Technical Committee.
for the creation of required infrastructure,
International Peer Review of the study
operation and maintenance of network
has been organized in Spain, Germany
and handling of data.
(through GTZ) and within the country,
– The monitored ambient air quality data since such source apportionment studies
during the year while comparing with have been carried out for the first time in
revised (NAAQS-2009) indicates that the India and the outcome of this Study would
annual average levels of Sulphur Dioxide be used for future policy decisions such
(SO2) are within the prescribed air quality as Auto Fuel Policy.
norms across the country and that of
Based on the experiences gained and
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) are within norms
outcomes of the study, following are suggested
in most of the cities. However, the levels
as future course of action:
of fine particulate matter (PM10) exceed the
prescribed norms in many cities including – At national level, thematic Ministries
Delhi. PM10 and NO2 are the emerging air have been requested to set up six
pollutants. working groups to deal with the sectoral
Source Apportionment Studies recommendations of the study which
would be housed in the respective
– Due to multiplicity and complexity of thematic Ministries:
air polluting sources, apportionment of
– Group for working on road quality
contribution to ambient air pollution from
improvement and minimizing
these sources is important for planning
resuspension of road dust,
cost effective pollution control strategies.
development of progressive vehicle
In view of this, to evaluate contribution of
exhaust norms, etc. : thematic
particulate matter from various sources
Ministry- Ministry of Road Transport
to air quality, Source Apportionment
& Highways.
Studies (SAS) have been completed for six
133
– Group on improvement of fuel Emissions Trading Scheme

quality: thematic Ministry- Ministry of – India’s rapid growth over the last several
Petroleum & Natural Gas. decades has brought millions of people
– Group to deal with old vehicles out of poverty but also increased strain
–retrofitment of pollution control on the environment. The challenge for
devices, scrap policy, inspection & Government and the private sector is to
maintenance issues, etc.: thematic improve environmental quality without
M inistr y - M inistr y of Heav y harming output and employment, as
Industries. the same economic activities that cause
– Group on industrial activities: industrial pollution – including transport, power
action plan implementation: thematic generation and industry – have been the
Ministry- Ministry of Commerce & engines of growth.
Industry (Department of Industrial – Emission of particulate matter (PM) which
Policy&Promotion). accounts for PM10 and PM2.5 in ambient air
– Group on traffic management – use of presents a particularly severe challenge for
IT in traffic management, guidelines meeting NAAQS standards in India today.
for minimizing/ synchronization traffic The concentration of particulate matter
signals, providing adequate parking, in Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and Gujarat
parking fee structure, etc.: thematic is higher than the norms prescribed in
Ministry- Ministry of Home Affairs. NAAQS-2009.
– Group on construction activities – It is felt that the market based approaches
–prepare and supervise to control environmental quality have the
implementation of guidelines potential to deliver desired environmental
on cleaner construction projects: outcomes at the lowest social cost. This
thematic Ministry - Ministry of Urban increases the ability of all stakeholders
Development. to participate and comply and improves
– In case of six cities, respective State regulatory effectiveness. The Ministry of
Governments have been requested to Environment and Forests in association
set up local Implementation Committee with the Central Pollution Control Board
comprising various stakeholders viz. (CPCB) and the State Pollution Control
municipal corporation, development Boards (SPCBs) of Gujarat, Maharashtra
authorities, RTO, State Pollution and Tamilnadu, has initiated a large scale
Control Board (SPCB), etc. to oversee pilot programme to design a particulate
implementation of city-specific action emissions trading regulatory regime for
plans. Wherever such Committees or industry. The proposed Market Based
Authorities are functional, the study Emissions Trading Scheme will set a new
findings could supplement their efforts. model for environmental regulation in
The local Committees may also address India.
biomass. garbage/refuse burning and Development of Environmental Standards
other city-specific sources. – Environmental Standards refer both
to the acceptable levels of specified
134
environmental quality parameters at Social scientist, Public health expert

different categories of locations, i.e., and Environment economist are now
ambient standards for air, noise and water on the Committee. Based on the
quality criteria as well as permissible levels recommendations of the Committee, the
of discharge of specified waste streams by Standards are notified after legal vetting by
different classes of activities, i.e., effluent the Ministry of Law & Justice, Government
standards and discharges of gaseous of India.
pollutants, i.e., emission standards. – All the notified Standards have been loaded
– Environmental standards cannot be on the website of this Ministry which
universal, and each country should set could be downloaded (Rules & Regulations
standards in terms of its national priorities, - Environment Protection - Acts &
policy objectives, and resources, as stated Rules - Environmental Standards). The
4
in the National Environmental Policy, 2006. source specific emission standards have
These standards, may, of course, vary (in been notified for Petrochemicals Plants
general, become more stringent) as a (09.11.2012). During the year, Standards in
country develops, and has greater access respect of following category of industries
to technologies and financial resources / equipments have been evolved and are
for environmental management. Within being finalized for notification:
the country different States, UTs and local – Effluent & Emission Standards for Dye
bodies may adopt stricter standards, based & Dye Intermediate.
on local considerations.
– Emission Standards for Cement
– In order to abate pollution from various Plants;
sources, Ministry notifies general as
– Emission Standards for Generators
well as industry specific emission and
(Diesel); and
effluent standards for various categories
of industries under the Environment – Emission Standards for Generators
(Protection) Rules, 1986 as per procedure (Petrol)
specified in the Environmental (Protection) Noise Pollution
Act, 1986. Based on development of new – Noise levels have been a matter of concern
pollution control technologies and their due to various activities, religious functions,
feasibility, these standards are revisited festivals, marriages, processions and
from time to time and new/ revised ones related celebrations. The main sources of
are notified. noise pollution include industrial activities,
– The Ministry has constituted an Expert use of public address system, construction
Committee (EC) to evolve Environmental activities, use of generator sets, pressure
Standards and Consequent upon the horns, fire crackers etc. Keeping in view the
adoption of the National Environment increasing trend in noise levels, Ministry
Policy-2006 (para 5.3 : Environmental has issued various regulations from time
Standards, Management Systems, to time to control noise pollution in
Certification and Indicators), the said ambient air, at source and at manufacturing
Committee has been reconstituted. A stage. To control community noise, Noise
135
Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, Region Grants for creation of Capital
2000 were notified in February, 2000 and Assets
amended from time to time. The recent – The Scheme provides 100 % grant to SPCBs/
amendments to the Noise Rules, 2000 have PCCs, Governmental organizations.
been published in the official Gazette on
– Under this scheme, grants are being
11th January, 2010. A bilingual booklet
provided to the State Pollution Control
has been brought out on Noise Pollution
Boards/UT Pollution Control Committees,
(Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 (as
Environment Departments, Central/State
amended to date) by incorporating all
Research Institutes, and other government
amendments for creating mass awareness.
agencies/organizations with the aim of
The CPCB has been advised for revisiting
strengthening their technical capabilities
the national ambient noise standards.
to achieve the objectives of the Policy
– A road map has been drawn by CPCB Statement. Assistance is also provided to
for national ambient noise monitoring North Eastern Pollution Control Boards &
network. Pollution Control Committees as salary
– First phase of National Ambient support for the technical staff. In addition,
Noise Monitoring Network has been support is also extended for undertaking
commissioned in accordance with NEP- projects for Abatement of Pollution.
2006 during the year, starting from seven – The scheme has been approved by
cities, namely, Delhi, Lucknow, Bengaluru, the Standing Finance Committee in
Kolkata, Hyderabad, Chennai and Mumbai the Ministry. The salient features are as
to monitor ambient noise on 24 X 7 basis. follows:
Monitoring data is available on the website
– Grant for lab up-gradation/purchase of
of respective State Pollution Control Board
equipment would be provided to the
and CPCB.
weaker SPCBs/PCCs only as identified
Assistance for Abatement of Pollution in SFC memo.
– The scheme of Assistance for Abatement – Salary support will be restricted to
of Pollution was conceptualized in 1992 scientific and technical staff of the
during the 7th Five-Year Plan with the SPCBs of North-Eastern Region and
objective inter alia to strengthen the all PCCs.
CPCB and SPCBs for enforcing statutory – Grant for construction of office-
provisions for pollution abatement. The cum –laboratory building would be
scheme is now a part of a centrally restricted to SPCBs of North Eastern
sponsored umbrella scheme of ‘Pollution Region and the weaker PCCs as
Abatement’. The scheme of assistance for identified in SFC memo.
pollution abatement comprise of sub-
– Capacity Building of SPCBs/PCCs
components are Grants-in-aid-General;
including other environmental
Grants for creation of Capital Assets;
organisations by imparting training and
Environment Health Cell (EHC) & Trade and
education through State Department
Environment (PL); North Eastern Region
of Environment and Autonomous
Grants-in-aid-General and North Eastern
136
Institutions/Statutory Bodies under aims to comprehensively and holistically

the Central and State Government. address the issues of vehicular emissions,
– Awareness and education generation, vehicular technologies and auto fuel quality
compliance assistance amongst SMEs in a cost-efficient manner while ensuring the
should be done through CPCB/SPCBs security of fuel supply. The Government has
and State Department of Environment also published Gazette Notification vide G.S.R
and Autonomous Institutions/Statutory 84(E) on 9th February, 2009 for introducing
Bodies under the Central and State Bharat Stage IV and III norms, as applicable,
Government. for new vehicles in selected cities. The Policy
objectives include ensuring sustainable, safe,
– Technical Studies for R&D, survey
affordable and uninterrupted supply of auto
and documentation for creation
fuels; optimum utilization of infrastructure
of environmental database and
4
for import of crude and crude products,
consultation in the area of pollution
processing and production, and the storage
abatement will be expedited through
and transportation; assessing the future trends
State Department of Environment and
in emissions and air quality requirements from
Autonomous Institutions/Statutory
view point of public health; adopting such
Bodies under the Central and State
vehicular emission standards that will be able
Government.
to make a decisive impact on air quality etc. The
– Seminars/Workshops/Conference in the Policy provides for a road map for reduction in
area of pollution abatement through vehicular emission norms for new vehicles as
State Department of Environment and well as for reduction of pollution from in-use
Autonomous Institutions/Statutory vehicles. It also sets standards for quality of
Bodies under the Central and State fuel and other kits. The report of the Source
Government. Apportionment Studies that has been recently
– No support will be extended to the published and carried by MoEF/ CPCB along
NGOs under this scheme. with MoPNG has also recommend supply of
– During this year (2012-13), an allocation uniform fuel quality all over the country.
of ` 7.00 crore in the BE was made for Recently, the Government of India,
providing financial assistance to the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas
on-going/new projects. Against this (MoPNG) has constituted an Expert Committee
allocation, expenditure is ` 1.42 crore. for preparing a draft Auto Fuel Vision & Policy
The assistance has been extended to six 2025.
State Pollution Control Boards/ Pollution
Control Committees during 2012-13. Recognition of Environmental Laboratories
under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
– The approved XII Five Year Plan allocation
for this scheme is `60. – The successful implementation of
environmental protection programmes
Auto Fuel Policy
essentially requires identifying and
The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural quantifying the pollution sources and
Gas(MoP&NG), Government of India has pollutants, conducting baseline survey,
enunciated an Auto Fuel Policy (2002) which laying down standards and build-up
137
monitoring systems. To meet these laboratories under E(P) Act, 1986 have been
requirements, an environmental laboratory revised by the Ministry with emphasis laid
requires to be provided with all the on quality assurance and quality control
necessary instruments and equipments aspects. The revised guidelines have
as also expertise and capability of its staff been placed on the website of Ministry
for monitoring all groups of parameters (www.moef.nic.in) for wider circulation.
including water, air, noise, hazardous waste, The revised guidelines (June 2008) are
soil, sludge etc. a definite improvement in the content
– For effec tive implementation of and the procedures for recognition of the
environmental protection programmes environmental laboratories.
there is an inescapable need for an – These revised guidelines, have been
efficient and reliable institutional made to bring in synergy in requirements
arrangement and facilities for survey, between Environmental Acts, viz. the Water
identification, quantification and systems (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,
for monitoring. In this context, the role 1974, the Air (Prevention and Control of
of an environmental laboratory assumes Pollution) Act, 1981 and the Environment
paramount importance and significance, (Protection) Act, 1986. Under the provisions
especially, for the assessment of the status of Section 12 and 13 of the E (P) A, 1986,
of environment and its components and the private laboratories are considered by
can facilitate effectively in prevention the Ministry for recognition.
and control of pollution. The Ministry – The revised guidelines have been
has been implementing a programme for operationalised. The Expert Committee
recognition of environmental laboratories on Laboratories is meeting once in every
with the aim of increasing facilities for month to discuss all the cases of Govt.
analysis of environmental samples. and Private Sector Labs.
Revision and implementation of Guidelines – As per the revised guidelines, periodic
for Evaluation and Recognition of surveillance of recognized environmental
Environmental Laboratories under E(P) A, laboratories under E(P) Act, 1986 was also
1986
desired to be undertaken to assess the
– The extant guidelines (1994-95) for proper functioning, systematic operation
establishment and recognition of and reliability of data generated at the
the laboratories have been revised laboratory.
and procedures streamlined. The – Procurement of ISO 9001:2008 and OHSAS
revision had become necessary as the 18001:2007 have been made mandatory
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for all laboratories to be considered for
has been strengthened over the years recognition under E(P) Act, 1986
with the enactments of various rules
– During the year, 17 private sector Labs
and notifications there under. Further,
were visited for considering recognition
Environmental standards have been
under E(P)A, 1986. Twelve Labs were
formulated for various parameters in
recommended for recognition under E(P)
different industrial sectors. The guidelines
Act, 1986 during the year. Surveillance
for recognition of environmental
138
visits of twelve more recognized Labs – The Central subsidy has been enhanced
were undertaken. from 25% to 50% of the project
– Orientation Workshops on revised cost.
guidelines for recognition of environmental – All the three levels of treatment,
laboratories under E(P) Act, 1986, were primary, secondary and tertiary are to
organized. The first such Orientation be covered for assistance. Progressive
Workshop was organized at CPCB-HQ and technologies like Zero Liquid Discharge
the second at CPCB-ZO, Bengaluru. will also be considered for assistance,
Scheme of Common Effluent Treatment subject to a ceiling.
Plants (CETPs) – The management of the CETP is to be
– The concept of the Common Effluent entrusted to a Special Purpose Vehicle
Treatment Plants (CETPs) arose in order registered under an appropriate
4
to make a co-operative movement for statute.
pollution control. The main objective of – Performance guarantee at full design
the CETPs is to reduce the treatment cost load is to be ensured upfront.
to be borne by an individual member unit – During this year (2012-13), an allocation
to a minimum while protecting the water of ` 6.00 crore in the BE was made for
environment to a maximum. Wastewater providing financial assistance to the on-
treatment and water conservation are going/new CETP projects against which
the prime objectives of the CETP. The expenditure, so far, is ` 422 lakhs. Financial
concept of CETPs was envisaged to treat assistance was provided for the ongoing
the effluent emanating from the clusters projects of CETPs at Tarapur, Maharashtra
of compatible small - scale industries. and new project at Palsana (upgradation),
It was also envisaged that burden of Gujarat.
various Government authorities working – The approved outlay for XII Five Year Plan
for controlling pollution and monitoring for this scheme is ` 100 crore.
of water pollution could be reduced
once the CETPs are implemented and Taj Protection Mission
commissioned. – In pursuance of the Hon’ble Supreme
– A Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) has Court’s Order, projects for environmental
been undertaken by the Government for protection of World Heritage Site of Taj
enabling small scale industries (SSI) to set Mahal were initiated and funded by
up new and upgrade the existing Common the Ministry. The Planning Commission
Effluent Treatment Plants to cover all the approved ` 600 crore on a 50:50 cost
States in the country. This CSS of CETPs sharing basis with the State Government
has since been revised by the Ministry. to implement various schemes in the
The revised scheme has been approved Taj Trapezium Zone for environmental
by the Expenditure Finance Committee protection of the Taj Mahal. In the first
(EFC) and the Ministry of Finance. phase during the IX Five Year Plan,
10 projects were approved by the
The salient features of the revised scheme
Government and implemented by the
are as follows:
State Government of Uttar Pradesh.
139
– The Ministry has sponsored a post- organizations and the regulatory bodies
evaluation study for completed projects should work in tandem, to this end, it will
through the National Environmental be desirable to build up a consortium of
Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), concerned organizations and establish
Nagpur for ascertaining the improvement partnership for pollution control. With this
in environmental status of the area. The in view, a series of industry wise inter-
final report on the “Environmental Post action meetings were organized to evolve
Evaluation of the projects under the Taj a road map culminating to Charter on
Trapezium Zone (TTZ)” submitted by NEERI, Corporate Responsibility for Environmental
Nagpur has been accepted by the Ministry. Protection (CREP) in 2002-03.
The present environmental condition vis-à- – CREP is a commitment for protection
vis Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of environment for partnership and
for the area as suggested in the report has participatory action of the stakeholders
been found useful for initiation of future i.e. industry, their associations and
activities in TTZ. regulatory agencies. Also, it is a road
– At present, only a token of ` one lakh is map for progressive improvement in
available under the scheme. environmental management systems.
– Subsequent to the acceptance by the The Charter has set targets concerning
Ministry of the Post Evaluation Report of conservation of water, energy, recovery
the TTZ projects and in order to revive the of chemicals, reduction in pollution,
scheme of TTZ, the U.P. Govt. has been elimination of toxic pollutants, process &
intimated to formulate fresh proposals management of residues that are required
related to the strengthening of solid to be disposed off in an environmentally
waste management, water management, sound manner. The Charter enlists the
electricity supply and distribution, road action points for pollution control in
connectivity, greening and other activities following 17 categories of highly polluting
which have a bearing on the environment industries : Aluminium, Cement, Chlor-
in the TTZ area, in line with the EMP Alkali, Copper Smelter, Distilleries, Dyes
suggested by NEERI, Nagpur. & Dye Intermediates, Fertilizer, Integrated
Iron & Steel, Oil Refineries, Pesticides,
– After fresh proposals are submitted by
Petrochemicals, Pharmaceuticals, Pulp &
the Govt. of U.P, provision for more funds
Paper, Tannery,Thermal Power Plants and
during the XII Five Year Plan would be
Zinc Smelter.
taken up with the Planning Commission.
Till date no comprehensive proposal has – For effective implementation of the
been received from the Government of Charter, eight taskforces comprising
U. P. experts and members from institutions
and industry associations were constituted.
Charter on Corporate Responsibility for
Three of them in respect of Thermal Power,
Environmental Protection (CREP)
Steel Sector and Petroleum Oil Refinery
– Adoption of pollution control technologies have been reconstituted. These task forces
could be successfully achieved through a are meeting regularly to monitor and to
coordinated approach in which industrial provide guidance to the industries for
140
adopting necessary pollution abatement the environmental quality at a given location

measures. following the algorithm of Source, Pathway
Critically Polluted Industrial Clusters/ and Receptor and aggregated CEPI, indicates
Areas severe adverse effects on environment and
also is an indication of large percentage of
The Ministry of Environment & Forests
population experiencing health hazards. On
(MoEF) has adopted a Comprehensive
the CEPI scale, 43 such industrial clusters,
Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) system of
having CEPI greater than 70 on a scale of 0 to
environmental assessment of the 88 prominent
100, have been identified as critically polluted
Industrial Clusters, evolved by the Central
based on the parameters related to incidence
Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in collaboration
of pollution in water, land (ground water) and
with the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT),
air. List of the critically polluted industrial areas/
Delhi. CEPI, a rational number to characterize
4
clusters is given at Table-29.
Table-29. The CEPI scores for Critically Polluted Industrial areas/clusters
S. No. Industrial Cluster/Area AIR WATER LAND CEPI

1 Ankleshwar (Gujarat) 72.00 72.75 75.75 88.50
2 Vapi (Gujarat) 74.00 74.50 72.00 88.09
3 Ghaziabad (Uttar Pradesh) 68.50 75.25 71.50 87.37
4 Chandrapur (Maharashtra) 70.75 67.50 66.50 83.88
5 Korba (Chhatisgarh) 67.00 57.00 72.50 83.00
6 Bhiwadi (Rajasthan) 71.00 69.00 59.50 82.91
7 Angul Talcher (Odisha) 64.00 69.00 65.75 82.09
8 Vellore (North Arcot) (Tamilnadu) 69.25 65.25 62.50 81.79
9 Singrauli (Uttar Pradesh) 70.50 64.00 59.50 81.73
10 Ludhiana (Punjab) 68.00 66.00 64.75 81.66
11 Nazafgarh drain basin (including Anand 52.13 69.00 65.25 79.54
Parvat, Naraina, Okhla and Wazirpur),
Delhi
12 Noida (Uttar Pradesh) 65.75 64.00 60.00 78.90
13 Dhanbad (Jharkhand) 64.50 59.00 65.50 78.63
14 Dombivalli (Maharashtra) 66.00 63.50 57.50 78.41
15 Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh) 66.00 63.50 56.00 78.09
16 Cuddalore (Tamilnadu) 54.00 65.25 64.00 77.45
17 Aurangabad (Maharashtra) 64.75 60.50 59.50 77.44
18 Faridabad (Haryana) 63.50 59.00 62.75 77.07
19 Agra (Uttar Pradesh) 59.00 63.75 59.50 76.48
141
S. No. Industrial Cluster/Area AIR WATER LAND CEPI

20 Manali (Tamilnadu) 64.00 59.00 58.00 76.32
21 Haldia (West Bengal) 53.75 64.50 57.00 75.43
22 Ahmedabad (Gujarat) 62.75 58.00 58.00 75.28
23 Jodhpur (Rajasthan) 52.00 65.50 54.00 75.19
24 Cochin, Greater (Kerala) 57.00 64.00 54.00 75.08
25 Mandi Gobind Garh (Punjab) 62.00 55.50 62.00 75.08
26 Howrah (West Bengal) 57.00 54.50 63.50 74.84
27 Vatva (Gujarat) 60.00 62.00 56.00 74.77
28 Ib Valley (Odisha) 61.00 56.50 59.00 74.00
29 Varansi-Mirzapur (Uttar Pradesh) 58.00 62.00 53.50 73.79
30 Navi Mumbai (Maharashtra) 61.00 59.00 55.50 73.77
31 Pali (Rajasthan) 52.00 64.00 52.00 73.73
32 Mangalore (Karnataka) 61.75 57.75 54.00 73.68
33 Jharsuguda (Odisha) 61.00 56.50 56.00 73.34
34 Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) 62.25 58.75 45.50 72.38
35 Bhadravati (Karnataka) 62.75 56.50 45.50 72.33
36 Tarapur (Maharashtra) 60.75 56.00 51.25 72.01
37 Panipat (Haryana) 55.75 56.50 59.00 71.91
38 Indore (Madhya Pradesh) 59.00 57.50 52.00 71.26
39 Bhavnagar (Gujarat) 54.50 57.50 57.75 70.99
40 Vishakhapatnam (AndhraPradesh) 57.00 57.50 55.00 70.82
41 Junagarh (Gujarat) 53.25 52.50 59.50 70.82
42 Asansole (West Bengal) 58.38 56.25 50.50 70.20
43 Patancheru- -Bollaram 50.00 59.00 54.00 70.07
(Andhra Pradesh)
Based on the identification of industrial State Pollution Control Boards / UT Pollution

clusters / areas by the CPCB as critically or severely Control Committees were required to finalize
polluted, Ministry of Environment & Forests a time bound action plan for improving the
vide Office Memorandum dated 13th January, environmental quality in these identified
2010 have imposed a temporary restriction for industrial clusters / areas. The moratorium
a period of eight months up to August, 2010, has been lifted in twenty five areas / industrial
on consideration of developmental projects for clusters, whose action plans have been finalized
environmental clearance under EIA Notification, by CPCB. The State-wise list of Critically Polluted
2006 in 43 critically polluted clusters. During Areas (CPA) where moratorium has been lifted is
this period, the CPCB along with the respective given at Table-30.
142
Table-30. List of Critically Polluted Industrial clusters where moratorium has been listed.
State No of CPA Industrial clusters / areas Moratorium lifted on
Andhra Pradesh 1 Patancheru-Bollaram 26.10.2010
Gujarat 3 Vapi 26.10.2010
Bhavnagar 15.02.2011
Junagarh 31.03.2011
Haryana 2 Faridabad 31.03.2011
Panipat 31.03.2011
Karnataka 2 Mangalore 23.05.2011
Bhadravati 23.05.2011
Kerala 1 Cochin 23.05.2011
4
Madhya Pradesh 1 Indore 31.03.2011
Maharashtra 4 Dombivalli 15.02.2011
Aurangabad 15.02.2011
Navi Mumbai 15.02.2011
Tarapur 26.10.2010
Odisha 3 Angul Talchar 31.03.2011
Ib valley 05.07.2011
Jharsuguda 05.07.2011
Punjab 2 Ludhiana 15.02.2011
Mandi Gobind Garh 26.10.2010
Tamil Nadu 2 Cuddalore 15.02.2011
Coimbatore 26.10.2010
Uttar Pradesh 5 Ghaziabad 31.03.2011
Singrauli 05.07.2011
Noida 31.03.2011
Agra 15.02.2011
Varanasi-Mirzapur 15.02.2011
The CPCB has done second round of and Control) Authority (EPCA) for National
environmental assessment of CPAs on the Capital Region was constituted under sub-
basis of monitoring carried out by Third Party section (3) of Section 3 of the Environment
during Feb,.- March, 2011, this showed a mix Protection Act, 1986 on 29th January, 1998
picture of CEPIs score. This highlight issues of vide S.O. No. 93(E) dated January 29, 1998
management of CPAs for proactive approach. under the Chairmanship of Shri. Bhure Lal.
The tenure of the EPCA was extended from
Environmental Authorities
time to time, and at present extended
Environment Pollution (Prevention Control) upto 28th January, 2014.
Authority for the National Capital Region – The issues considered by the Authority
– The Environment Pollution (Prevention include environment related matters
143
covering vehicular pollution control, planning and executing comprehensive

sewage treatment and assessment of nationwide programmes for the prevention
operations and handing over of Common and control of water and air pollution, for
Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) in NCR advising the Central Government on matters
to the concerned societies, monitoring concerning prevention and control of water
of action plans for improvement of air and air pollution and for coordinating activities
quality in seven metro cities etc. and in of State Pollution Control Boards / Pollution
addition, the matters referred to it by Control Committees besides providing
Hon’ble Supreme Court in its various technical assistance & guidance to them.
Judgments.
The Central Pollution Control Board has
– EPCA is reporting the compliance status been playing a vital role in abatement and
and special tasks assigned to it to the control of pollution in the country by generating
Hon’ble Supreme Court from time to environmental quality data, providing scientific
time. information, rendering technical inputs for
Loss of Ecology (Prevention and payments formulating national policies and programmes,
of Compensation) Authority for the State training and development of manpower and
of Tamil Nadu organizing activities for promoting awareness
– In compliance with the Hon’ble Supreme at different levels of the Government and public
Court’s order dated August 28, 1998 in at large. The Central Pollution Control Board also
Writ Petition (Civil) No. 914 of 1991 viz. co-ordinates enforcement and implementation
Vellore Citizen’s Welfare Forum versus of Rules framed under the Environmental
Union of India and Others, the Ministry (Protection) Act, 1986 with State Pollution
constituted the Loss of Ecology (Prevention Control Boards / Pollution Control Committees.
and Payments of Compensation) Authority It also provides support to various committees
for the State of Tamil Nadu under the and authorities constituted by the Government
Chairmanship of a retired Judge of Madras of India such as The Environmental Pollution
High Court vide notification S.O 671 (E) (Prevention and Control) Authority for the
dated September 30, 1996, to deal with National Capital Region.
the situation created by the tanneries CPCB’s Activities
and other pollution industries in Tamil
Nadu. The tenure of the authority has – Coordinating activities of State Pollution
been extended until further orders in Control Boards / Pollution Control
compliance with the Hon’ble Supreme Committees for prevention & control of
Court’s order dated 28th February, 2011. pollution ;
– Development of industry specific national
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
minimal effluent and emission standards;
Introduction – Development of industry specific
The Central Pollution Control Board environmental guidelines and
(CPCB) performs functions as laid down under comprehensive documents;
the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) – Development of charter/requirements for
Act, 1974, and The Air (Prevention and Control Corporate Responsibility for Environmental
of Pollution) Act, 1981. It is responsible for Protection (CREP) for 17 major polluting
144
industrial sectors and monitoring their matrices. Out of 75 theoretically possible

implementation through EIGHT task forces PCDD congeners and 135 PCDF congeners, 7
and steering committees; PCDD congeners and 10 PCDF congeners are
– Action plans for improvement of having considerable toxicity. These congeners
environment in 88 critically polluted are monitored as per internationally practiced
areas / clusters and monitoring their convention (WHO-TEF) in environmental
implementation; matrices, which may vary from sub ppt level
and may reach up to ppm level. Under the
– Action plans for monitoring air quality in
purview of project, the following sub-activities
16 polluted cities;
have been executed by National Reference
– National water quality monitoring and Trace Organics Laboratory of Central Pollution
publishing annual water quality reports; Control Board:
4
– National ambient air quality monitoring
– Monitoring of Dioxin – Furan in
and publishing annual air quality reports;
Stationary Source Emissions
– Carrying out and sponsoring research
The monitoring of Dioxin – Furan in
activities relevant to environment
stationary source emission at Incinerators
protection;
of Treatment Storage and Disposal Facilities
– Publishing material relevant to environment (TSDFs), Incinerators of organic chemical
protection; manufacturing units and Bio-medical waste
Achievements during the year incinerators have been undertaken on
request of Hazardous Waste Management
Measurement of Hazardous Organic
Compounds Dioxin (PCDDs) and Furan Division, State Pollution Control Boards,
(PCDFs) in Environmental Samples Pollution Control Committees etc.
Polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins – National Ambient Air Dioxin Monitoring

(PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans Program
(PCDFs) are environmental contaminants Ambient air dioxin – furan monitoring
usually present in diverse environmental program being continued by National
Fig-27. Source Emissions Monitoring
145
Table-31. Identified Critically Polluting Areas (CPAs) in the country

S. No. Monitoring Responsibility State Identified Critically Polluted
HQs / Zonal Offices Areas for Monitoring
1. National Reference Trace Organics Punjab Ludhiana
Laboratory, HQs Delhi
Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad
Haryana Bhiwadi
Madhya Pradesh Singrauli
Chhattisgarh Korba
2. CPCB Zonal Office – Vadodara Gujarat Ankleshwar and Vapi
Maharashtra Chandrapur
3. CPCB Zonal Office – Bengaluru Tamilnadu Vellore
4. CPCB Zonal Office - Kolkata Odisha Angul - Talchar
Reference Trace Organics Laboratory of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCS)

Central Pollution Control Board at ten Measurement in Drinking / Surface Water
identified Critically Polluting Areas (CPAs) Samples by Purge and Trap GC-MS
in the country in association with CPCB Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are
Zonal Offices at Bengaluru, Kolkata and carbon-containing compounds that readily
Vadodara (Table-31). evaporate at normal air temperature. Fuel oils,
The vapour phase and particulate phase gasoline, industrial solvents, paints, and dyes are
Dioxin & Furan ambient air sampling has been the major sources of VOCs. US-EPA lists 68 most
performed by Polyurethane Foam High Volume common VOCs for environment assessment
from the known sources. These 68 VOCs cover
Sampler (PUF-HVS) at identified locations
a wide range of chemical compounds that have
within the Critically Polluted Areas (CPAs) on
different chemical and physical properties and
quarterly intervals.
different levels of toxicity. Chlorinated VOCs
During year 2012-2013, four quarterly are associated with commercial and industrial
Vapour phase and particulate phase samplings use and include dozens of chemicals that are
have been completed at remaining identified typically very mobile, persistent, and toxic in
critically polluted areas. The collected vapour the environment. Non-chlorinated VOCs are
phase and particulate phase samples have associated with gasoline, fuel oils, and industrial
been subjected to extraction of dioxin-furan solvents. These non-chlorinated chemicals
from the sampling media and removal of are persistent, volatile, but less toxic than the
interference organic compounds. The sample chlorinated solvents. VOCs are very mobile and
extracts after clean-up have been analysed by these may be dissolved and washed out with
High Resolution Gas Chromatograph with High runoff water reaching surface water resources
Resolution Mass Spectrometer (HRGC-HRMS) and may also leach into the ground water.
for Dioxin-Furan 17 congeners. The analytical During year 2012 – 2013, three rounds of
data being compiled for Assessment of Status monitoring have been undertaken by National
of Ambient Dioxin / Furan. Reference Trace Organics Laboratory of Central
146
Pollution Control Board in ground and surface with the mean of 0.631 µg/kg. The Total PCBs
water locations at Most Critically Polluted analyzed in river water have been found Below
Areas of country viz. Ankleshwar, Vapi (Gujarat), Detection Limit most of time except once (0.005
Ghaziabad (U.P.), Chandrapur (Maharashtra) µg/l) at Rajghat monitoring location, while in
and Korba (M. P.). The water samples collected river sediments also, the Total PCBs have been
have been analyzed for 43 VOCs by Purge & found very low and were well within the Total
Trap concentration followed by GC-MS analysis PCBs Guidelines value of 227 µg/kg of United
using USEPA Method 524.2. The analytical data States. The contamination of PCB congeners in
is under compilation. sediments samples may be due to confluence
of untreated or partially treated domestic /
Assessment of Poly-Chlorinated Biphenyls
industrial wastewater through several drains in
(PCBS) in Water and Bottom Sediments of
the river.
River Yamuna in Delhi
4
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are Monitoring of Pesticide Residues at National
chlorinated organic compounds with one to ten Level - Sponsored Project by Ministry of
chlorine atoms attached to biphenyl molecule. Agriculture, New Delhi
Individual chlorinated biphenyl molecules are Department of Agriculture and
called congeners, which are identified by the Cooperation (DAC), Ministry of Agriculture,
number and position of the chlorine atoms New Delhi and nodal department i.e.
around the biphenyl molecule. PCBs were Project Coordinating Cell, All India Network
mainly used as insulating liquid in electric Project (AINP) on Pesticide Residues, Indian
equipments prior to ban on their manufacture Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi
during seventies. However, several other uses has been continuously sponsoring a project
of PCBs such as sealants, carbonless printing “Monitoring of Pesticide Residue at National
and plasticizers may be the possible sources of Level” to Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi
their release into the environment. since October, 2006.The objective of the study
is to evaluate pesticides levels in ground water,
The assessment of PCBs levels in water and
surface water and soil samples in National
bottom sediments of river Yamuna in Delhi have
Capital Territory Delhi. About 112 locations
been undertaken on quarterly basis by National
of surface water and 100 locations for the Soil
Reference Trace Organics Laboratory of Central
Samples have been selected and Monitored
Pollution Control Board during the year 2012-
in National Capital Region i.e. Uttar Pradesh
2013. River water samples and bottom sediment
(Ghaziabad, Guatam Budh Nagar & Bagpat),
samples were collected from five locations
Haryana (Sonepat, Faridabad & Ballabhgarh)
from Delhi Stretch of River Yamuna i.e. Palla,
and Delhi (Alipur Block, Kanjhawala Block,
Wazirabad, Rajghat, Nizamuddin and Okhla. 28
Najafgarh & Nizamuddin Bridge). During the
individual congeners of PCBs, selected based
year, the Monitoring of Pesticide Residue has
on their toxicological significance, prevalence
been undertaken on monthly basis in about 70
in biological tissue, were analyzed with GC-ECD.
surface water samples. The following groups
Concentrations of Total PCBs (28 congeners)
of Pesticides being monitored on monthly
in Yamuna River bottom sediment samples in
basis:
Delhi varied from 0.051 µg/kg to 3.060 µg/kg
147
Pesticide group Pesticides monitored (33 Nos.)

Organochlorine Pesticides: (14 Nos.) a-HCH, b-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, Endosulfan-I, Endosulfan-
II, Endosulfan sulfate, Dicofol, p,p’-DDE, p,p’-DDD,
p,p’-DDT, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Heptachlor
Organophosphorous pesticides: (9 Nos.) Chlorpyriphos, Dimethoate, Ethion, Malathion,
Methylparathion, Phorate, Phosphamidon, Quinolphos,
Profenophos
Synthetic Pyrethroids: (6 Nos.) a-Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Fenpropethrin,
Fenvalerate, λ-Cyhalothrin, b-Cyfluthrin
Herbicides: (4 Nos.) Pendimethalin, Alachlor, Butachlor, Fluchloralin
Assessment of Persistent Organic Pollutant to exposure. The hormonal changes during

Residues (POPs) in Human Population of Delhi pregnancy, lactation and menopause, mobilizes
with Special Reference to Adverse Health the bio-accumulated pollutants in the body.
Effects and Morbidity (Collaborative Project The organo-chlorine pesticides can interfere
between CPCB and UCMS & GTB Hospital) in normal endocrine system, resulting into
reproductive disorders and breast cancers.
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are
carcinogenic compounds of anthropogenic The study has been undertaken by Central
origin that resist degradation, persistent in Pollution Control Board since 2008-2009
the environment and accumulate in the food onward in collaboration with University College
chain. These are linked to many health and of Medical Sciences (UCMS) as collaborative
environmental effects. Stockholm Convention project to generate epidemiological data and
has identified 12 POPs such as Organo establishment of relative risk / relationship
chemicals viz. DDT, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin, between the incidence of adverse health
Chlorodane, Heptachloro, Mirex Texaphene; outcomes including cancer due to exposure
industrial chemicals, like PCBs, HCB and to pesticides with special reference to organo-
combustion by products – Dioxin & Furan for chlorine Persistent Organic Pollutants residues
priority action. Persistent Organic pollutants and Poly-chlorinated Biphenyls. The salient
exposure to human being through food, water, objectives of the project are:
accidents and occupational environment is a
– Determination of blood POPs levels such
common phenomena because of which these
as organo-chlorine pesticides in infants
are of global concern.
with special reference to pre-term and
Most of the organo-chlorine pesticides IUGR infants.
Persistent Organic Pollutants are persistent – Determination of blood POPs levels such
toxic contaminant having long half-life and as organo-chlorine pesticides, organo-
tendency to be absorbed in human body chlorine residue levels in children and
through skin, inhalation, oral and placental teenagers of various age groups.
route and tend to accumulate in fatty tissues.
– Determination of blood and tissue organo
Women having higher body fat percentage are
chlorine and Polychlorinated biphenyls
prone to bioaccumulation of pesticides due
(PCBs) residue levels in adult and senior
148
citizen populations with special reference To maintain the quality assurance, Central
to breast cancer tissue and prostate cancer Pollution Control Board HQs and five Zonal
patients. Office (Lucknow, Vadodara, Bengaluru, Kolkata
During the three years project duration, and Bhopal) Laboratories have participated in
blood samples from different age group such Interlaboratory PT programme conducted by
as infants children, teenagers, adult, and senior M/s Environmental Resource Associates (ERA),
citizens were collected, processed extracted USA (A Waters company) during October /
and cleaned up at University College of Medical November, 2012 with coverage of various
Sciences & GTB Hospital laboratories and the Physico-chemical, Microbiological, Chemical,
concentrated samples were analyzed with Trace organics parameters, and Air parameters.
Perkin Elmer GC-ECD at National Reference In addition, the National Reference Trace
Trace Organics Laboratory of Central Pollution Organics Laboratory has also participated in
4
Control Board. The blood samples analysis International PT Programme for Dioxin & Furan
results indicated presence of Organo-chlorine conducted by Centre D’Expertise En Analyse
pesticides, Total BHC, Endosulfan and Total Environmental Du Quebec, Canada and
DDT in the adults of age group 40-60 years achieved good performance. The performance
and senior citizens of age more than 60 years. of the laboratories have been good, except few
There has been increasing pattern in pesticide parameters for which corrective action being
levels in various age groups from infants to undertaken.
senior citizens. The pesticide Heptachlor was Environmental Laboratories Development
recorded in only one blood sample of adult in
the 20-40 age group. The blood samples drawn Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi has
from infants, children and teenagers were been delegated the powers by Government
comparatively free from pesticides residue. of India vide Gazette Notification No. SO 145
The report of the study has been finalized in (E) dated February 21, 1991 for recognition
collaboration with UCMS & GTB Hospital and of environmental laboratories of Govt. / Semi
submitted to CPCB. Govt. organization Public Sector Undertaking
and Educational Institutions under section 12(1)
Inter-laboratory Proficiency Testing (PT) (b) & 13 to carry out the functions entrusted
participation for analysis of physico-chemical to the Environmental laboratories under the
and trace organics parameters including Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
Dioxin & Furan
Ministry of Environment & Forests has
Quality assurance is the definite
constituted the Expert Committee at Central
programme for laboratory operation that
Pollution Control Board for the purpose. The
specifies the measures required to produce
Central Pollution Control Board has organized
reliable data of known precision and accuracy.
six (6) meetings of Expert Committee during
Quality system which includes quality assurance
the year 2012-2013 (upto January, 2013) for
policies and all quality control processes to
assessment, review and recommendation of
ensure the quality of analytical data produced
cases of private / government laboratories for
by the laboratory and to demonstrate the
recognition.
competence of the laboratory.
149
Private Sector Laboratories – M/s Eko Pro Engineers Pvt. Ltd., Ghaziabad,
Central Pollution Control Board has U. P. (19th September, 2012)
participated in joint inspections of private – M/s Shriram Institute for Industrial
laboratories alongwith Ministry of Environment Research, University Road, Delhi (27th
& Forests (MoEF) and respective State Pollution September, 2012).
Control Boards for consideration of recognition – M/s Shiva Test House, Gardanibagh, Patna,
of private environmental laboratories under Bihar (4th October, 2012)
the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 during – M/s San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Paldi Cross
the year 2012 – 2013: Road, Ahmedabad, Gujarat (11th October,
– M/s Envirocare Labs Pvt. Ltd., Enviro House, 2012).
Thane, Maharashtra (10th April, 2012) – M/s Universal Enviro Associates,
– M/s Netal (India) Ltd., TTC Industrial Area, Musheerabad, Hyderabad, A. P. (31 st
Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra (11th April, October, 2012)
2012) – M/s Par yavaran Labs, Madhapur,
– M/s Team Test House, Sitapura Industrial Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh (1st November,
Area, Jaipur, Rajasthan (24th May, 2012). 2012)
– M/s Avon Food Lab, Lawrence Road – M/s JSL Stainless Ltd, Danagadi, Distt.
Industrial Area, New Delhi (1 st June, Jaipur, Odisha (10th January, 2013)
2012). – M/s Visiontek Consultancy Services Pvt.
– M/s Mineral Engineering Services, Bellary, Ltd., Bhubaneswar, Odisha (11th January,
Karnataka (14th June, 2012) 2013)
– M/s Nilawar Laboratories, Waddhamana, Environmental Research Activities:
Nagpur, Maharashtra (20th June, 2012)
Analytical Quality Control (AQC/Water) for
– M/s Earthcare Labs Pvt. Ltd., Prashant Central and State Pollution Control Boards,
Nagar, Nagpur, Maharashtra (21st June, Pollution Control Committees and for
2012) laboratories recognised under Environment
– M/s Enviro International, Eco Tech-III, Protection Act
Greater Noida, U. P. (19th July, 2012). The most important mandatory task
– M/s EMTRC Consultants Pvt. Ltd., UPSIDC, of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is
Ghaziabad, U. P. (26th July, 2012). to maintain vast water quality monitoring
network with a aim to evaluate the status
– M/s Skylab Analytical Laboratory, Kalyan
of water quality of different sources. In this
(West), Maharashtra (5 th September,
programme the CPCB is monitoring 1019
2012)
water quality monitoring stations under GEMS,
– M/s Aavanira Biotech, Bhosari, Pune, MINARS, GAP and YAP Programmes comprising
Maharashtra (6th September, 2012) rivers, lakes, wells, and ground waters spread
– M/s Insta Pollutech Laboratories, over 27 States and 6 Union Territories through
Dhayanigaon, Pune, Maharashtra (7 th various State Pollution Control Boards (SPCB).
September, 2012) Comparability of data within the collaborative
programme become the key challenge to the
150
water testing laboratories. The quality of data Table-32. List of parameters covered under
must be of the desired quality to formulate AQC/Water Programme (27th & 28th exercise)
the policy by the decision maker based on the by CPCB, Delhi, during 2012-13
data generated in the monitoring programmes.
S. No. Parameter
Therefore, to obtain relevant and reliable data,
the analytical process has to proceed under a 1. Conductivity
well established quality assurance with external 2. Total Dissolved Solids
proficiency test as an inherent component. To 3. Fixed Dissolved Solids
ensure the reliability of the data, a programme
4. Total Hardness
called “Analytical Quality Control (AQC)” was
initiated with 20 laboratories in 1991. In 2012- 5. Calcium
13, number of laboratories participated in this 6. Magnesium
4
exercise have reached to 220 number (under, 7. Sodium
E.P. Act recognized) laboratories. As on 11th
8. Potassium
February 2013, 28th rounds of exercises were
9. Chloride
conducted and performance reports were
communicated to the participating laboratories. 10. Fluoride
There are 21 physico-chemical parameters 11. Sulphate
covered under this scheme. The performance of 12. Nitrate-N
the laboratories in the 28th Exercise for physico-
13. Ammonical-N
chemical parameters ranged between 70 to
80%. 14. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
15. Phosphate-P
Two synthetic samples labeled as A & B of
each 1 litre volume prepared in laboratory by 16. Chemical Oxygen Demand
adopting standard procedures and precautions 17. Biochemical Oxygen Demand
are distributed to all participating laboratories 18. Boron
by Courier service to avoid any transport delay.
19. Chromium
Samples were also analyzed in CPCB laboratory
for arriving at “Reference value” for comparison 20. Total Suspended Solid
and to estimate the acceptable limits of the 21. pH
reported values.
– Periodic calibration of instruments
Recommendations for AQC Scheme
– Using high quality chemicals and providing
The overall findings of the performance adequate quantity of glassware
of AQC exercises reveal the fact that Internal
– Providing good quality distilled water
AQC system in all the laboratory is to be
strengthened. The analytical capability of these – I m p rov i n g t h e l a b o r a to r y wo r k
laboratories could be improved by adopting atmosphere
the following major steps. – Providing analytical training to laboratory
analysts.
– Strengthening of the Internal AQC
System – Conducting Regional Workshop at various
regions
151
– Adopting good quality assurance sludge of their treatment plant becomes

system raw material. This utilization indeed yielded
– Participating in Inter-laboratory AQC increased eco-efficiency with economic and
exercises by all laboratories of Pollution environmental benefit as well as prevented
Control Boards and Committees. pollution of environmental component. This
renovated technology, the consumption
Pilot Plant Study using Sludge-Reagent-
has been reduced upto 95% and discharge
Product (SRP) Technology
of wastewater also reduced to zero (i.e. zero
An innovative technology called “Sludge- wastewater discharged technology).
Reagent-Product (SRP) Technology” has been
developed by Central Pollution Control Board Construction work for 0.5 MLD pilot water
with an aim to recover the alum in the sludge treatment plant, based on SRP technology
used for treatment of water Adoptions of at Bhagirathi Water Works (Delhi Jal Board),
this technology indeed yielded 80 to 90% Yamuna Vihar, Delhi is completed. The pilot
recovery of chemical coagulant (alum) from plant is under trial running and will be ready
discarded alum-treated-sludge for recycling for demonstration of SRP technology within
and reuse. The substitute of fresh alum with March 2013.
the recovered alum in the tune of 90-95% for Status and Progress of National Water
treating the water increased eco-efficiency Quality Monitoring Programme
with both economic and environmental
National Water Quality Monitoring
benefit as reflected from the saving of ` 550
Programme: Central Pollution Control Board in
million per year and reduction of sludge to the
collaboration with State Pollution Control Boards
tune of 60 - 70% to be discharged. The volume
has established a Water Quality Monitoring
of sludge is reduced by removing the moisture
Network in order to plan policies for prevention
from the sludge (thickener). In sludge, moisture
and control of pollution. The monitoring of water
content is almost 20 percent of the treated
quality initiated during 1977-78 under Global
water used for the treatment. The about 80 %
Environmental Monitoring System (GEMS) and
of total moisture is removed from the sludge
gradually increased the network to cover all the
and that is used for drinking purpose. Removal
aquatic resources.
of moisture makes the sludge handing more
convenient. Finally the study focused a number Objective of Monitoring: Objectives of
of opportunities in waste minimization and monitoring is the rational planning of pollution
pollution prevention areas aimed a sustainable control strategies and their prioritisation;
development. evaluate effectiveness of pollution control
measures already in existence; evaluate water
The treatment technology entitled “An
quality trend over a period of time; assess
Integrated Plant for Treatment of Raw Water
assimilative capacity of a water body thereby
Using Discarded Sludges to Produce Drinking
reducing cost on pollution control; understand
Water” has been patented vide Indian Patent
the environmental fate of different pollutants
No. 215808, Filed in April 2001 and Granted in
and to assess the fitness of water for different
March 2008.
uses in order to plan policies for prevention
The study integrates the waste of and control of pollution.
treatment plant in Delhi in such a way that
152
Monitoring Network: Present network parts of our country. It is observed that nearly
comprises of 2500 stations in 28 States and 6 60% of the observations are having BOD less
Union Territories. Water Quality monitoring has than 3 mg/l (Criteria limit), 22% between 3-6
been carried out at 2500 locations (2012-13) mg/l & 18% above 6 mg/l. Similarly Total & Faecal
covering 445 Rivers (1275 locations), 154 Lakes coliform which indicate presence of pathogens
(190 locations), 78 Ponds (79 locations), 41 in water are also a major concern. About 46%
Creeks/Sea Water (41 locations), 45 Drains (45 observations are having Total Coliforms and
locations), 25 Canals (41 locations), 12 Tanks 68% observations are having Faecal Coliform
(12 locations), 10 Water Treatment Plants- Raw less than 500 MPN /100 ml (Criteria limit).
Water (10 locations) and 807 Wells. Monitoring
Perspective Planning: Strengthening of
is carried out with a frequency on monthly,
monitoring network to cover 5000 locations
half yearly and yearly basis. One thousand six
during 12th Plan and perspective plan to achieve
4
hundred eighty seven (1687) locations are
10000 locations is envisaged.
monitored on monthly basis, 807 locations
on half yearly basis and 6 locations on yearly Way Ahead: The limitations of grab sampling
basis. has to overcome by automation in monitoring
to observe diurnal variation and to assess
Parameters observed: Water samples are
episodal pollution.
analysed for 9 core, 19 general parameters,9
trace metals and set of pesticides. National Air Quality Monitoring Programme
(NAMP)
Achievement of Monitoring Programme:
Water quality data is used for identification In order to prevent, control and abate air
of polluted water bodies, formulation of River pollution, the Air (Prevention and Control of
Action Plan and identification of pollution Pollution) Act was enacted in 1981. According
sources in 187 cities for interception, diversion to Section 2(b) of Air (Prevention and control
and treatment of municipal wastewater and of pollution) Act, 1981 ‘Air pollution’ has been
stricter surveillance of industrial sources. Water defined as ‘the presence in the atmosphere
quality data is also used for Query Response i.e. of any air pollutant.’ As per Section 2(a) of Air
to reply Parliament Questions, VIP reference, (Prevention and control of pollution) Act,
Public Queries, Public Interest Litigation filed 1981 ‘Air Pollutant’ has been defined as ‘any
in Supreme Court and Various High Courts and solid, liquid or gaseous substance [(including
to fulfil the requirement of Non-Governmental noise)] present in the atmosphere in such
Organisation, Students, and Researchers. concentration as may be or tend to be injurious
to human beings or other living creatures or
Water Quality Assessment: Monitoring results plants or property or environment’. Therefore
obtained based on present network indicate ambient air quality standard is developed as
that organic pollution continues to be the a policy guideline that regulates the effect of
predominant source of pollution of aquatic human activity upon the environment so that
resources. The organic pollution measured in pollutant emission into the air can be regulated.
terms of bio-chemical oxygen demand (BOD) & Standards may specify a desired state or limit
Coliform bacterial count gives the indication of alterations.
extent of water quality degradation in different
153
Fig-28. Growth of operating ambient air quality monitoring stations under NAMP in India (till 1st January 2013)
National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring The monitoring of meteorological parameters

Programme such as wind speed, wind direction, relative
Central Pollution Control Board is humidity and temperature has been also
executing a nation-wide National Air Quality integrated with the monitoring of air quality.
Monitoring Programme (NAMP). The N.A.M.P. Table-33. Number of metropolitan cities
was started in 1984 with 7 stations in Agra and exceeding the NAAQS
Anpara. The growth of operating Ambient Air (Based on annual average data 2011)
Quality Monitoring Stations in the country is
given in figure below. The ambient air quality Category Metropolitan cities
monitoring network has 542 operating stations (population > 10 lacs)
covering 223 cities/towns in 26 States and 5 SO2 NO2 PM10
Union Territories as on 1st January 2013. Not exceeding NAAQS 49 41 7
Parameters monitored under NAMP Exceeding NAAQS 0 8 42
Under NAMP three criteria pollutants viz. Total cities considered 49 49 49
PM10 (Particulate Matter having an aerodynamic
diameter less than or equal to 10 µm), Sulphur Table-33 reveales that out of the 53
dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) metropolitan cities 8 (16%) and 42 (86%) cities
were identified for regular monitoring at exceed the NAAQS with respect to NO2 and
all locations. Other notified parameters like PM10. None of the cities exceed the standard
Carbon monoxide (CO), Ammonia (NH3), limit with respect to SO2. The National Air
Ozone (O3), PM2.5 (Particulate Matter having Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP)
an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to Network at a glance (as on 1st January 2013) is
2.5 µm), Benzo(a)pyrene {B(a)P}, Lead (Pb) and given below:
(Ni) are being monitored at selected locations.
154
Table-34. National Air Monitoring Programme (NAMP) Network at a glance

(as on 1st January 2013)
A. Total no. of ambient air quality station sanctioned 700
No. of state/UT covered 28 States & 7 UTs
No. of cities covered under National Network (NAMP) 300
1. Total no. of operating stations 542
i) No. of State/UT covered 26 states, 5 UT
ii) No. of cities covered 223
iii) No. of stations in Sensitive Areas other than 14

Ecologically sensitive area notified by GOI
2. No. of stations to be operationalized 158
4
i) No. of state/UT covered 22 states, 4UT
ii) No. of cities covered 95
3. Target on XIth five year plan 700 (Achieved)
B. Status of Air Quality in India
Total Scenario in India 542 operating ambient air quality stations
Total Number of criteria/regular parameters monitored for ambient air 03 - SO2, NO2 & PM10 (Sulphur Dioxide, Nitrogen
quality Dioxide & Particulate Matter e≥ 10 micron size)
Other notified parameters monitored in selected cities/locations PAH (BaP), CO, O3, NH3, PM2.5, C6H6 , Pb, Ni, As
Percentage & Number of cities exceeds the permissible limit w.r.t. PM10 62% - PM10 – 131 cities
and NO2 (2010) 12% - NO2 – 19 cities
Total no. of Metro cities 53–Major/Metropolitan cities as per new census

2011
Total no. of operating stations in metro cities 200
Status of Air Quality in Major/Metropolitan Cities 53 metro cities data upto 2011
- Total Number of Major/Metropolitan cities as per new census of India Out of 53 cities, 49 cities having operational ambient
2011 air quality monitoring stations
Percentage & Number of major cities exceeds the permissible limit w.r.t. 16% - NO2 – 08 cities, out of 49 cities 86 % - PM10 – 42
PM10 and NO2 , 2011 cities, out of 49 cities
C. Non Attainment/Non complied Cities
1. Total non-attainment cities
i) No. of cities in 2005 72 (23 States)
ii) No. of cities in 2012 (Tentative list declared) on the basis of 2008- 95 (23 States)
2010 AAQ data (latest, as per revised standard)
D. Parameters monitored (104 observation/year)
i) Criteria pollutants SO2, NO2, PM10
ii). Additional parameters monitored at selected locations PAH, H2S, Toxic trace metals, NH3 – Hyderabad, Delhi,
Mumbai, Nagpur, Chennai, Kolkata
CO, Ozone, PM2.5, C6H6 – Delhi
155
E. Strengthening of Ambient Air Quality Stations (The Network -

NAMP)
Strengthening of AAQMS in 2010 -2011 143 Ambient Air Quality Stations
Strengthening of AAQMS in 2011-2012 35 Ambient Air Quality Stations
F. Roadmap to achieve target
i) 2011-2012 New proposed stations for 3 Parameters (SO2, NO2, PM10) 35 stations (Achieved)
ii) 2012-2013 New proposed stations for 12 Parameters (SO2, NO2, PM10, 20 stations
PM2.5, Ni, As, Pb, NH3, B(a)P)
iii) 2013-2014 New proposed stations for12 Parameters (SO2, NO2, PM10,
PM2.5, Ni, As, Pb, NH3, B(a)P) 20 stations
Urban Pollution Control Division: – Registered motor vehicles in Delhi

7.5 million vehicles (2011-12)
Vehicular Pollution Control Measures
– The share of different categories of vehicles
Air Pollution generated by human activities
in total vehicle population is as below:
has adversely affected human population itself
and has caused great economic damage to S. No Vehicle type Share (%)
ecosystems and society. Urban air pollution is 1 Two Wheelers 72%
a major problem across the country. Rural to 2 Cars & Jeeps 14%
urban migration, growth in mobility demands,
3 Buses (including omni buses) 1%
demands for power and industrial production
has led to deterioration of air quality in urban 4 Good Vehicles 5%
areas. Vehicular sector is assumed to be one of 5 Other vehicles 8%
the major source of air pollution in the urban
Mass Emission Standards
areas and government has taken several
measure to control pollution from vehicular The Ministry of Road Transport and
sources. Highways (MoRTH) acts as a nodal agency for
the formulation and implementation of various
Automobile Pollution Control initiatives
provisions of the Motor Vehicle Act and Central
taken recently includes enforcement of a variety
Motor Vehicle Rules (CMVR).
of control measures ranging from notification
of advanced Euro-IV equivalent emission norms – Mass Emission Standards (Bharat Stage IV)
and commensurate fuel for new vehicles to have been implemented for all categories
stricter exhaust emission limits for in-use vehicles, of new vehicles (except two and three
augmentation of infrastructures for alternative wheelers) in 13 mega cities namely
fuels and mass transits and other urban planning Delhi (NCR), Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai,
and management options. Important measures Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Ahemdabad, Pune,
pertaining to vehicular pollution control Surat, Kanpur, Agra, Lucknow and Sholapur
initiated recently are as follows: from the year 2010.
– Emission norms for new four wheelers
Vehicle Registration details
have also been implemented in 7 more
– Registered motor vehicles in India- cities namely Puducherry, Vapi, Mathura,
142 million vehicles ( 2011-12). Jamnagar, Ankeleshwar, Hissar, Bharatpur
156
from March 2012. Further as per Ministry – The Research Octane Number (RON) for
of Petroleum & Natural Gas, 50 cities will premium gasoline available in 20 cities
be made BS-IV compliant by 2015 has been boosted to 95 with lead content
– Mass Emission Standards (Bharat Stage III) being reduced to 0.005 g/l and benzene
have been implemented for all categories content of maximum 1%. The content of
of new four wheelers all over the country, sulphur in gasoline is reduced to 0.005%
from 1st October 2010. (50 mg/kg) from existing 0.015% (150 mg/
kg) in BS-IV compliant 20 cities. However,
– Mass Emission Standards (Bharat Stage
all over the country, content of sulphur in
III) have been implemented for two and
gasoline is 0.015% (150 mg/kg).
three wheelers all over the country, from1st
October, 2010. – Gasoline commensurate with the applicable
emission norms (give below) were made
– Mass Emission Standards (Bharat (Trem)
4
available in the mega cities and entire
Stage III) have been implemented for
country
every diesel driven agricultural tractors,
from the 1st April, 2010 for the category 20 cities Entire
< 37KW and from 1st April, 2011 for the (BS-IV Compliant) Country
category >37 KW. Octane Number 91* 91*
– Bharat Stage III (CEV) emission norms Lead 0.005g/l 0.005g/l
have been implemented for construction Sulphur 50ppm 150 ppm
equipment vehicles since April 1, 2011. Bezene 1% 1%
These emission norms are based on the
engine power the construction equipment
– For diesel the Cetane Number has been
i.e Non-road vehicles.
enhanced to 51 with Sulphur content
– Bharat Stage-III mass emission norms have reduced further to 0.005 % (50 mg/kg) in
been notified for gasoline driven power BS-IV compliant 20 cities by. The amount
trillers manufactured on and from July 1, of sulphur in diesel has been reduced to
2013. 0.035% (350 mg/kg) all over the country
– Alternate Mass emission standards – Diesel commensurate with the applicable
(BS-III) for 2 W gasoline with engine emission norms (give below) were made
capacity exceeding 50 CC or a maximum available in the mega cities and entire
design speed exceeding 50 km/hr country
based on Worldwide Harmonised
20 cities Entire
Motorcycle Emission Certification ( WMTC)
(BS-IV Country
implemented from May 9, 2011
Compliant
Fuel Quality Specifications Cetane Number 51* 51*
– Auto-Fuels commensurate to B.S III Sulphur 50 ppm 350ppm
(whole country) and B.S IV (for 20 cities) Poly Aromatic 11% mass 11% mass
specifications has been made available in Hydrocarbons
the respective cities as per the road map Distillation 95% vol. 360°C 360°C
of Auto Fuel Policy Recovery at °C, max
* - for regular quality
157
In-Use Vehicles (ALDS) in 232 cities/towns of the country

– New PUC norms have been notified for by 2012.
both gasoline and diesel B.S-IV vehicles; – In December 2009, Govt. Adpted National
wherein besides idle emission limits for Bio-Fuel Policy, which requires blending
gasoline vehicles, high idle emission of 20% bio-ethanol in gasoline and 20%
limits have also been done and will be bio-diesel in diesel by the year 2017.
implemented from February 2013. – Bio-fuels mainly Ethanol and Biodiesel (in
– MoRTH (Ministry of Road Transport & B20 form) are the prospective options for
Highways in collaboration with ARAI India. Pilot studies on ethanol and biodiesel
has proposed to develop model I&C have been completed and many are on-
(Inspection & Certification) centres in all going.
the states and the said model will further – Efforts for developing and popularizing
be replicated by all state governments in electric vehicles also gained momentum
their respective states. during this year. Already “Reva Motors” have
– The proposal for setting up modern I&C commercialized a small electric/battery car.
centres for ten states viz. Andhra Pradesh, Many three-wheeler manufacturers are
Karnataka, Haryana, Himachal, NCT of also contemplating electric driven OEM
Delhi, Maharastra, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar for Indian markets.
Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan has already – The Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas
been approved by MoRTH. has set up a Hydrogen Corpus Fund with
Alternate Fuels - Initiatives a corpus of `100 crore with contribution
from five major Oil Companies and Oil
There has been lot of developments on
Industry Development Board (OIDB) for
this front when various organizations including
supporting Research and Development in
the Planning Commission, Oil Companies, Auto
various aspects of hydrogen, which could
Sectors, CPCB and other research agencies
substitute part of natural gas as transport
initiated various demonstration and feasibility
fuel in future.
studies with alternative fuels like LPG and
bio-diesel (B20) in the country. Some of the – R&D has taken several steps for promoting
developments are mentioned below: Hydrogen as auto fuel with the help of
Hydrogen Corpus Fund: Like A Hydrogen-
– Presently Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) CNG dispensing station has been set up
vehicles have been plying in around 70 in R&D Centre at Faridabad to cater the
cities of the country. More than 11 lakh re-fueling needs of test/demo vehicles
CNG vehicles have been plying all over the operating on H2- CNG blends.
country and this is around 8% of national
– IOC (R&D and Mahindra & Mahindra
vehicle fleet.
have agree to jointly develop Fuel Cell
– In Delhi more than 5.5 lakh CNG vehicles Vehicles. In this regard a joint proposal
have been plying. Further Delhi has world’s on “Development of Fuel Cell Vehicles”
largest public transport system that runs has been submitted to Scientific Advisory
on CNG Committee of MoPNG for funding from
– Government has established Auto Liquified Hydrogen Corpus Fund.
Petroleum Gas (LPG) Dispensing stations
158
Other Measures – Performance Auditing of Environment

– In Delhi BRTS has been implemented at Management in Indian Railways stations,
various corridors since 2008. Trains and Tracks”
– Road-infrastruc ture development, Present study was done in-house by CPCB,

management and by-passing of inter- Delhi in collaboration with its Zonal Offices.
state vehicles, parking restrictions, etc. are CPCB received a letter from Principal
other measures being adopted in various Director of Audits, Indian Railways, wherein
cities. it asked CPCB to carry out performance
audit of various environment management
– The Delhi metro line has been extended
steps taken by Indian Railways for
to various stretches of Delhi for catering
controlling pollution. This study covered
more people thereby promoting use of
monitoring and evaluation of measures
mass public transport system. Other cities
4
taken by the Railways for controlling
are also exploring to start metros and
pollution of air, water and noise in station
other mass transport systems.
premises /sidings/sheds. Six ZO’s of CPCB
– Interstate trucks which are not destined were asked to carry out study in the Railway
to Delhi are not allowed to ply within the Zones coming under their jurisdiction. The
city limits. final report of this study has been sent to
– Delhi Monorail system has been proposed Indian Railways
and will be implemented shortly in a – Assessment of Aldehydes, Ketones and
phased manner Methane emissions in Vehicle exhaust,
Projects/Studies undertaken by CPCB using different fuels (Petrol, Diesel, LPG,
CNG, Ethanol in Petrol, Biodiesel and
Studies/Projects related to Vehicular
Hythane)”
Pollution Control & Air Quality Management
undertaken by Central Pollution Control Board This study was awarded to International
are as follows: Centre for Automotive Technology
(iCAT), Manesar with the objective to
– Assessment of vehicular pollution characterize Aldehydes, Ketones and
problems and development of air Methane emissions in vehicle exhaust
quality management plan in religious of 2-wheelers, 3-wheelers, 4-wheeled
& tourist places passenger vehicles, 4-wheeled Light
A study on “Assessment of vehicular duty commercial vehicles and 4-wheeled
pollution problems and development of Heavy duty commercial vehicle engines
air quality management plan in religious operating on different fuels i.e. Petrol,
(Haridwar) & tourist (Mussorie) places” was Diesel, LPG, CNG, Ethanol (5%) in Petrol
taken up in collaboration with Pollution (BS III) and Biodiesel (10%) in Diesel (BS
Control Research Insitute (PCRI), Bharat III) & Hythane. Phase-I of project has been
Heavy Electrical Ltd. (BHEL), Haridwar. The completed while phase-II of the project
study has been completed and has also i.e. assessment of carbonyl and methane
covered Kumbh Mela held in Haridwar emissions from OEM CNG vehicles has also
during Jan-April 2010. The study report been completed and its report is under
is under publication. finalization. The report of the both the
159
phases will be published after completion during the year 2011. The study involves
of phase-II of the study. Development of emission inventory of
– Development of Comprehensive vehicular sources in six mega cities namely
Industry Document (COINDS) for Hyderabad, Kolkata, Ahmadabad, Patna,
Automobile Manufacturing Industries Lucknow & Sholapur during first phase,
Estimation of total vehicular emission
This study has been awarded to TERI.
loads (both tail pipe as well as evaporative
The objectives of this study includes
emissions) in the selected cities/towns
Inventorisation of Automobile
and estimation of contribution of different
manufacturing industries, process details
categories (2 wheelers, 3-wheelers &
of automobile manufacturing industry
4 wheelers like cars, LCV, HCV, etc.) of
covering all categories of vehicles,
vehicles towards total vehicular emission
identification of different sources of
load and identification of vehicle category
pollution for the automobile manufacturing
contributing most towards total emission
industry, Characterization of liquid effluent,
load from vehicles.More cities are likely to
gaseous emissions and hazardous wastes
be covered in the next phase.
storage and disposal methods, resource
recycling and waste minimization practice, – Development of guidelines for the
identification of technologies appropriate Environmentally sound Recycling /
for the control of water pollution, air disposal of ELVs ( End of Life Vehicles)
pollution and fugitive emissions under This is an In-house study aimed at
Indian conditions and development developing guidelines for environmentally
of environmental standards for the sound of ELV’s through Inventorization
automobile industry. and Categorization of different End of Life
– Inventorization of Railway sidings and vehicles, details on various materials used
Guidelines for their Environmental in manufacturing of vehicles, LCA (Life
Management. Cycle Assessment) of different components
of vehicles, estimation of generation
The study on Inventorization of Railway
of waste in terms of tons/annum from
sidings and development of guidelines
yearly and development of guidelines for
for their environmental management has
recycling/disposal of used vehicles
been taken up by CPCB subsequent to a
large number of public complaints related – Auditing of Pollution Under Control
to railway sidings. This study has been (PUC) Centers in various cities/ towns
awarded to RITES Limited, Gurgaon. The Auditing of PUC centers in the cities
Objectives of the study involves Inventory of Kolkata, Chennai, Jaipur, Hyderabad
of all major railway siding (Railway yards, etc has been taken up during last year
ports, mines etc.), and development of with the objective of knowing whether
guidelines for Environmental Management adequate testing facilities with respect
of Railway sidings. to new norms have been procured by all
– Status of the pollution generated from the PUC centers and also to cross check
road transport sector in 6 cities procedure and protocols followed while
vehicle testing. Further this shall also help
This study has been awarded to TERI
160
us identify any scope for false passes, if – Review of Auto Fuel Policy,
present in the new system. The scope – R&D Exper t Committee of IOCL,
of the study also include checking if the Faridabad,
testing instruments have been certified by
– Central Road Research Institute (CRRI)
approving agencies and further to know
and Indian Road Congress Expert
the status of compliance of the vehicles
Committee,
with PUC norms.
– Working Group constituted by Department
– Action plan for Controlling Air Pollution
of Heavy Industries under Source
in Polluted cities
Apportionment Studies,
At present CPCB is reviewing action plans
– National Natural Resource Management
of only seven cities out of the sixteen cities
System (NNRMS) Standing Committee on
identified by the Hon’ble Supreme Court
4
Urban Management.
of India (Out of 16 cities, 7 cities namely
Agra, Varanasi, Jharia, Patna, Jodhpur, – Working Group to deal with old vehicles –
Faridabad & Pune are looked after by CPCB, Retrofitment of pollution control devices,
while other 7 namely Lucknow, Kanpur, Scrap policy, Inspection & Maintenance
Sholapur, Hyderabad, Chennai, Bengaluru, issues.
Ahemdabad are looked after by EPCA and Real Time Ambient Noise Levels in 7 Metro
remaining 2 i.e. Kolkata and Mumbai are Cities during Deepawali 2011 and 2012
reviewed by the respective High Court of Real Time Continuous Ambient Noise
these cities). Monitoring was conducted at 35 locations in
Review & Implementation of action plans seven cities (Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata,
received from various non attainment cities Lucknow, Bengaluru and Hyderabad) on
identified by the Honb’le Supreme Court the occasion of Deepawali 13.11.2012 and
of India as well as CPCB itself. 26.10.2011 and data is presented in Table-35.
Committees in which CPCB is a member In comparison to sound level during
related to vehicular pollution control Deepawali-2011, it has been observed that
– Standing committee on emission legislation sound level in 04 cities (Bengaluru, Delhi,
(SCOE) constituted by MoRTH. Kolkata and Hyderabad) shows decreasing
– Task Force for “Introducing auditing of trend whereas no change in sound level is
PUC centers“constituted by MoRTH. observed in Mumbai. However, sound level at
Lucknow and Chennai shows slight variation in
– Petroleum products sectioned committee
comparison to Deepawali-2011.
constituted by BIS.
– Working group on adulteration of Common Effluent Treatment Plants
petroleum products constituted by Bureau The concept of Common Effluent
of Indian Standards (BIS). Treatment Plant (CETP) was developed as
– Environmental Pollution Control Authority a way to achieve end-of-pipe treatment of
for NCR. combined wastewater at lower unit cost
– The expert committee on Auto fuel Policy than could be achieved by individual Small
constituted by MoPNG. Scale Industry (SSI) units. MoEF introduced
161
Table-35. Real Time Ambient Noise Levels in Metro Cities during Deepawali 2011 and 2012
S. No. City Stations 2011Leq 2012Leq
(24 hrs) (24hrs)
1. Bengaluru Nisarga Bhawan 60 51
2. Parisar Bhwan 64 62
3. BTM 65 63
4. Marathalli 57 55
5. Pinya 59 57
6. Chennai Triplicane 69 63
7. T. Nagar 69 70
8. Guindy 75 74
9. Perambur 75 86
10. Eye Hospital 65 60
11. Delhi NSIT 64 56
12. CPCB 61 58
13. DCE 53 50
14. Dilshad Garden 57 49
15. ITO (Pragati Maidan) 74 74
16. Hyderabad Abits 71 70
17. Jeedimetla 61 61
18. Jubliee Hills - 54
19. Punjagutta 75 76
20. Zoo - 52
21. Kolkata Head Quarter (WBPCB) 60 59
22. New Market (Muncipal Corporation) 64 64
23. Patauli 57 54
24. SSKM Hospital 59 59
25. Golpark 64 64
26. Lucknow Indira Nagar 54 51
27. PGI Hospital - 54
28. Gomti Nagar - 60
29. Hajrat Ganj 68 69
30. Talkatora Industrial Area 59 61
31. Mumbai Acworth Hospital (ASHP) 64 64
32. Bandra 69 69
33. Thane (TMCO) 62 59
34. Vashi Hospital 66 65
35. MPCB, HQ 64 66
Note:-All values are measured in Leq [dB(A)]
162
Table-36. State-wise distribution of CETPs and their hydraulic capacities

State Total Functional Installed CETPs in State wise Combined
installed CETPs but non State as combined treatment
CETPs functional % of total treatment capacity
CETPs CETPs in capacity of in State as
country CETPs, mld % of total
capacity in
country
AP 4 3 1 2.6 13.5 1.1
Delhi 13 13 - 8.5 211.8 17.8
Gujarat 261 26 - 17 374 31.4
Haryana 9 9 - 5.9 48.3 4.1
4
Karnataka 7 7 - 4.6 7 0.6
Maharashtra 252 22 3 16.3 186.9 15.7
MP 1 1 - 0.7 0.9 0.1
Punjab 5 5 - 3.3 6.9 0.6
Rajasthan 11 10 1 7.2 117.2 9.8
Tamil Nadu 44 42 2 28.8 148 12.4
UP 7 4 3 4.7 56.3 4.7
West Bengal 1 1 - 0.7 20 1.7
Total 153 143 10 1191
Two CETPs contribute to a final CETP (FETP), 2One CETP contributes to another CETP
1
a financial support scheme (CETP Scheme) effluent from mixed type of industries with high
since 1991 to promote establishment of CETPs or very high pollution potential and majority of
through financial assistance in the form of 50% CETPs in Delhi, Haryana, and Karnataka cater to
subsidy on capital (25% central subsidy plus mixed type of industries with low or moderate
matching 25% state subsidy). This subsidy has pollution potential.
been increased from 50% to 75% (50% central
CPCB has analyzed the standards
subsidy plus matching 25% state subsidy) since
compliance performance of CETPs on the basis
2012. Largely due to the support provided by
of four year data in respect of:
the Central Government, 153 CETPs having
combined capacity of about 1190 MLD covering General parameters (BOD, COD, TSS, NH3-N
about 15000 polluting industries have been and O&G)
established in the country. – Out of 134 CETPs for which general
CETPs installed in Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, parameters results were available and
Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal analyzed, 20 CETPs have implemented
generally cater to wastewater of specific Zero Liquid Discharge systems, 43 CETPs
sectors – pharmaceutical, tanneries, Textile are complying standards and 10 CETPs are
or electroplating sectors, whereas majority nearly complying standards. Thus, 73 CETPs
of CETPs in Gujarat and Maharashtra cater to out of 134 i.e. 55% are able to comply or
nearly comply with the standards.
163
– 61 CETPs i.e. 45% are not complying with change the status of non-complying CETPs
the standards, with COD exceeding the and ensuring regular compliance.
standards by a factor <2 in 20 cases and – Regular monitoring and follow up action
by a factor >2 in 41 cases. to stop bypass of untreated industrial
TDS parameter effluents.
– Out of 122 CETPs for which TDS results Implementation of Corporate Responsibility
were available and analyzed, 20 CETPs for Environment Protection (CREP):
having very high TDS in influent have Iron & Steel Sector
implemented Zero Liquid Discharge
systems, 9 CETPs having very high or high Revision and Harmonization of
Environmental Standards for Integrated
TDS in influent discharge their effluent
Iron & Steel Plants
into sea and 19 CETPs are complying TDS
standards. Thus 48 CETPs out of 122 i.e. The standards pertaining to various process
39% are able to comply TDS standard. units of Integrated Iron & Steel Plants were
notified separately at different serial numbers
– 74 CETPs i.e. 61% are still not able to comply
under Environment Protection Rules. In order
TDS standards, of which final effluents of
to bring more clarity and easy referencing,
16 CETP, i.e. 13% of 122, contain high TDS
the standards were harmonized and brought
(exceeding standards by a factor <2) and
together. Besides, environmental standards for
of 58 CETPs i.e. 48% of 122, contain very
Blast Furnace and Steel Melting Shop were also
high TDS (exceeding standards by a factor
developed. The revised harmonized standards
>2).
were notified vide G.S.R. 277 (E) dated March
Actions for Improving Performance 31, 2012.
CPCB has been regularly interacting with
National Task force for Iron & Steel sector
SPCBs in order to improve compliance of the
prescribed standards by CETPs. SPCBs are National Task Force (NTF) for Integrated
required to fully address the issues related Iron & Steel Industries was constituted in the
to performance of CETPs and strengthen the year 2003 for monitoring implementation of
system of monitoring and follow up action to action points identified under CREP. NTF had
address the important issues: been meeting regularly. During 2012 – 2013,
the meeting of NTF was held on December 14,
– Prescribing and enforcing standards for 2012. Various issues related to compliance to
effluent discharged from industries to environmental norms and actions required for
match the inlet quality parameters of the improving the environmental performance of
CETP. the sector were discussed and finalized.
– Investigating TDS related problems,
prescribing location specific regulations Environmental Quality Monitoring in
Critically Polluted Areas:
for control of TDS, preferably at source,
and compelling the industries/CETPs for Co-processing of wastes in cement kiln
its solution. Keeping in view the problems associated
– Regular monitoring of CETPs performance with the disposal of waste, CPCB initiated the
and taking effective follow up action to concept of “Co-processing of waste in cement
164
kiln”. The co-processing of waste in cement kiln – Organic Residue

has emerged as the best environment friendly – Spent clay
option for its disposal, as it reduces carbon foot
– CETP sludge (Pali)
print besides conservation of fossil fuel and
raw material. – ETP Sludge (Textile industry)
Hazardous Waste management
Provision has been made under Rule 11
of the Hazardous Wastes (Management and Utilization of hazardous Waste as
Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules, Supplementary Fuel/Recourse Recovery
2008 wherein CPCB has been empowered to CPCB has permitted utilization of
issue permissions for utilization of hazardous hazardous waste under Rule-11 of HWM Rules,
waste for resource recovery or energy 2008 after conducting trial utilization studies
recovery. through its zonal offices. Permission were
4
CPCB received various applications under granted for utilization of hazardous waste
Rule 11 of the Hazardous Wastes (Management like Ethylene glycol residue, Carbon slurry,
and Handling & Transboundary Movement) High Boiler residue, ETP Sludge, Resin waste,
Rules, 2008 from cement plants for granting spent chromic acid, spent acid containing
permission for co-processing of different kind molybdenum compound, spent anode butt,
of wastes in cement kiln. Various trial runs were Sulphur Sludge, Spent catalyst-containing
conducted during 2012-2013 and based on precious metals and waste pickling acid. So far,
satisfactory performance of trial runs, cement 20 proposals for such utilization of hazardous
manufacturing units have been granted waste have been permitted.
permission for co-processing of following Details of Treatment, Storage & Disposal
categories of wastes. Facilities (TSDFs) and their availability in
– Organic plating sludge & dyeing sludge different States is given in Table-37.
(Metal zippers Manufacturing Industry) NCEF Project on Remediation of Hazardous
– Grinding waste, oil soaked cloth & ETP Waste Contaminated Dump Sites
sludge (M/s Gillete India Ltd., Bhiwadi) The Inter-Ministerial Group (IMG) of the
– Benzofuran (Kumar Organic Product Ltd) Ministry of Finance has approved the MoEF
– Chemical ETP sludge (M/s Syngenta India proposal for remediation of 12 hazardous
Limited, Goa) waste contaminated areas (containing multiple
sites) at an initial project outlay of ` 805 crores.
– Waste mix liquid (M/s Bharuch Enviro
The funding under NCEF is limited to 40% of
Infrastructure Ltd., Ankleshwar, Gujarat)
the total project cost. The remaining 60% to
– Spent carbon be borne by the State Governments through
– Solid waste mix (Shivalik Solid Waste polluter pays/PPP/States share etc. CPCB has
Management Ltd., Nalagarh) been identified as project executing agency
– PTA waste mix (M/s MCC PTA India Six SPCBs have agreed in-principle for
Corporation Pvt. Ltd., West Bengal) 60% funding from their states covering 10
– CETP sludge of Jodhpur Pradushan contaminated areas out of the 12 initially
Niwaran Trust proposed. This includes 18 sites in spread
165
Table-37. State-wise Availability of Common Integrated Treatment, Storage and

Disposal Facilities (TSDFs), Exclusive Common Incinerators and Secured Landfills
S. Name of the State/UT Integrated Exclusive Exclusive
No. TSDFs Common Common Secured
Incinerators Landfills
1. Andaman & Nicobar Islands - - -
2. Andhra Pradesh 2 - -
3. Arunachal Pradesh - - -
4. Assam - - -
5. Bihar - - -
6. Chandigarh - - -
7. Chhattisgarh - - -
8. Daman, Diu, Dadra & Nagar Haveli - - 1
9. Delhi - - -
10. Goa - - -
11. Gujarat 3+ 1# 1 4
12. Haryana 1* - -
13. Himachal Pradesh - - 1
14. Jammu & Kashmir - - -
15. Jharkhand - - -
16. Karnataka - 3 1
17. Kerala - - 1
18. Lakshdweep - - -
19. Madhya Pradesh 1* - -
20. Maharashtra 2+1# - 1
21. Manipur - - -
22. Meghalaya - - -
23. Mizoram - - -
24. Nagaland - - -
25. Odisha - - 1
26. Puducherry - - -
27. Punjab - - 1
28. Rajasthan - 1 2
29. Sikkim - - -
30. Tamilnadu 1 - -
31. Tripura - - -
32. Uttar Pradesh 1+ 1* 1 1
33. Uttarakhand 1 - -
34. West Bengal 1 - -
TOTAL 16 6 14
* Incinerator installed and the same is under commissioning.
# Operation of incinerator is under suspension.
166
Table-38. List of sites taken for study under the NCEF Project
S. State Name of the Area No. of Sites Nature of Contaminant

No.
1. Kerala Eloor-Edayar, Cochin 1 Heavy metal and POPs
2. Madhya Pradesh Ratlam 4 Gypsum, iron salts and Naphthalene
3. Odisha Ganjam 3 Mercury
4. Odisha Talcher 1 Chromium
5. Odisha Sundergarh 4 Chromium
6. Tamil Nadu Ranipet 1 Chromium
4
7. Uttar Pradesh Rakhimandi, Kanpur 1 Chromium
8. Uttar Pradesh Rania, Kanpur Dehat 1 Chromium
9. Uttar Pradesh Lucknow 1 HCH (hexa chloro cyclo hexane)
10. West Bengal Nibra Village, Howrah 1 Chromium
across 10 contaminated areas of 6 States. SPCBs No. of healthcare facilities 139594

of Gujarat and Rajasthan have opted out of the No. of beds 1420563
NCEF funded project. The list of sites taken No. of Common Bio-medical Waste 188 + 17*
for study under the NCEF project is given in Treatment Facilities (CBWTFs)
Table-38. No. of healthcare facilities (HCFs) 98764
CPCB has issued EoIs inviting competent using CBWTFs
consultants No. of HCFs having treatment & 20228
disposal facilities
Bio-medical Waste Management No. of healthcare facilities applied 77537
The annual report information received for for authorization
the year 2010 from the SPCBs and PCCs indicates No. of healthcare facilities granted 70800
that out of 1.39 lakh health care facilities authorization
(HCFs), 77,537 have obtained authorization. Total no. of on-site treatment equipment
The existing scenario of bio-medical waste installed (at Healthcare facilities):
management with respect to the number of
No. of incinerators
health care facilities, number of Common Bio-
i) With Air Pollution Control Device 419
medical Waste Treatment Facilities, status of
authorizations, total quantum of bio-medical ii) Without Air Pollution Control Device 273
waste generated and treated per day, type of No. of autoclaves 2710
treatment facilities etc. are as follows: No. of microwaves 179
No. of Hydroclave 13
No. of Shredders 4250
167
Total no. of treatment equipments Toxic Link -an NGO etc. under the Chairmanship
installed at CBWTFs: of Dr.T.K.Joshi, Director, Deptt. of Occupational
Environment & Health, Maulana Azad Medical
No. of incinerators 177
College, New Delhi for the purpose of evaluation
No. of autoclaves 161
of state-of the art technologies for treatment
No. of microwaves 10
of bio-medical waste and to suggest suitable
No. of Hydroclave 5
standards for any such technologies.
No. of Shredders 170
Quantity of bio-medical waste 355 The following technologies have been
generated in Tons/day permitted provisionally by CPCB;
Quantity of bio-medical waste treated 302.0
– The ‘Plasma Pyrolysis Technology’ proposed
in Tons /day
by the Facilitation Centre for Institute
No. of HCFs violated BMW Rules 6653
of Plasma Technology (FCIPT), Gujarat
No. of Show-cause notices/Directions 5829
have been granted provisional approval
issued to defaulter HCFs
for treatment of bio-medical waste
Note: * - CBWTFs under installation
categories (1), (2), (5) & (6) stipulated
There has been increase in number under Bio-medical Waste (BMW) Rules as
of common Bio-medical waste treatment per recommendations of the members of
facilities over the years and at present there Expert Committee on Bio-medical Waste
are 205 CBWTFs (188 under operation + 17 Management
under construction) so as to facilitate proper – Sharp Blaster (Needle Blaster) System for
treatment and disposal of bio-medical waste treatment of bio-medical waste category
in the Country. no. 04 (i.e sharp waste sharps)
Directions under Section 5 of the – ‘PIWS 3000 (Static/Mobile)’ based on
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and shredding & chemical disinfection
Verification of compliance of Directions proposed by M/s Trade International,
issued under Section 5 of the Environment New Delhi.
(Protection) Act, 1986
Organization/sponsoring of programme on
Central Pollution Control Board is Bio-medical Waste Management
regularly monitoring CBWTFs /HCFs to improve
Central Pollution Control Board initiated
compliance of CPCB’s Direction under Section
a programme called ‘Paryavaran Darshan’ in
5 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 are
collaboration with ‘Doordarshan’ to create
being issued to defaulter HCFs/CBWTFs.
awareness and to disseminate the information
Evaluation of new State of Art treatment on various issues pertaining to environmental
technologies for safe disposal of bio-medical management including the steps to be taken
waste for ensuring compliance to the provisions
CPCB has re-constituted an Expert of the Bio-medical Waste (Management and
Committee on bio-medical waste management Handling) Rules, 1998 and amendments
with the members from organizations such as thereof. The ‘documentary film’ prepared
MoEF, National Productivity Council (NPC), DHS, covering the aspect of segregation, packaging,
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) & transportation, storage, treatment and disposal
168
etc. and the said documentary have been enlistments of importers as on January, 2013 is
telecasted on Doordarshan Channel under given in Table-39.
‘Paryavaran Darshan’ programme on March 26,
In order to bring transparency in public
2011 & August 13, 2011.
domain and also to increase the efficiency in
Interaction Meet with CBWTFs the process of grant of registration, CPCB has
initiated a project for development of web based
Central Pollution Control Board, organized
Battery (Importers) Registration Management
interaction meets with operators of Common
System (BRMS) wherein the applicants desirous
Bio-medicalWasteTreatment Facilities (CBWTFs)
of seeking registration can apply online, view
and officials of State Pollution Control Boards(
the status of their application, give the under
SPCBs) / Pollution Control Committee (PCCs) to
taking prior to import and also submit half
discuss State specific issues and for ensuring
yearly returns on the same platform. This
4
effective implementation of Bio-medical Waste
application would help SPCBs and customs
(Management & Handling) Rules, 1998 as well
authorities in tracking the status of compliance
as CPCB’s guidelines for CBWTFs.
of each registered importer.
Guidelines for Environmentally Sound
It is expected that the system will be
Management of Mercury Waste Generated
in Health Care Facilities operation by 1st week of March, 2013.
CPCB has prepared a document on E-Waste Management

“Environmentally Sound Management of CPCB in association with MoEF has
Mercury Waste Generated in Health Care published guidelines for implementation of
Facilities” for effective management of mercury the provisions of the E-Waste (Management &
spills in Health Care facilities. Handling) Rules, 2011 to help the stakeholders,
Batteries Rules i.e. the Producers, Consumer, Bulk Consumer,
Collection Center, Dismantler, Recycler and
As per the Batteries (Management & Regulatory agencies (SPCBs/PCCs) for effective
Handling) Rules- 2001 as Amended on May 2010, compliance/implementation of these rules.
CPCB was given the responsibility of registering This document also provides guidance on
the importers of New Lead Acid Batteries w.e.f. setting up collection mechanism, dismantling
May, 2010 (the same registrations were issued and recycling operations. The scope of
by MoEF prior to amendment notification S.O implementing such EPRs is also discussed in
1002 (E), dated 4th May,2010). these guidelines.
CPCB has been processing the applications E-waste recycling based on
for registering the importers having IEC environmentally sound recycling principles
certificates. The numbers of registrations/ is permitted under The Hazardous Waste
Table-39. Numbers of registrations/enlistments of importers as on January, 2013
Registration Granted by 2010-11 2011- 12 2012-13

MoEF 1009 (till May 2010) NA NA
CPCB 234 (from May 2010) 235 155
169
(Management, Handling & Transboundary implementation of the MSW Rules, 2000.

Movement) Rules, 2008. MoEF and CPCB have Phase-I of such projects have been completed
brought out guidelines for environmentally in Mandi (Himachal Pradesh) and Agartala
sound management (ESM) of e-waste. The (Tripura). The projects at Chandigarh and North
guidelines were notified by MoEF in March Dum Dum are in the final stage of completion
2008. The guidelines provide comprehensive with waste processing and landfill facilities.
framework for e-waste collection,
For compliance of the MSW Rules, CPCB
transportation, recycling and disposal.
has sponsored schemes for monitoring of
As an outcome of this regulatory groundwater and ambient air qualities in
intervention, at present there are seventy seven MSW locations in the state of Andhra Pradesh,
(77) e-waste recycling facilities were granted Assam, Meghalaya and Himachal Pradesh
registration by CPCB/SPCBs in 9 States in the through the concerned State Boards. Also,
country with a total recycling capacity of about CPCB has sponsored study to State Remote
2.4 lakh MTA. The Statewise distribution of Sensing Agencies for identification of
E-Waste recycling facilities is given in Table-40. Common/Regional landfill sites for integrated
management of municipal solid wastes in the
Table-40. State-wise distribution of
state of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and NCR-
E-Waste recycling facilities
Delhi, which have been completed.
S. State Registered Capacity
No. Units in MTA In-Situ Treatment of Sewage
1. Andhra Pradesh 2 11800 The wastewater management is an
2. Gujarat 1 12000 important aspect of water pollution. Class-I
3. Haryana 4 6100 and Class-II towns in the country generates
4. Karnataka 39 32382 38,254 MLD of sewage; of which treatment
5. Maharashtra 7 10050 facility available is for only 11,787 MLD (31%).
6. Rajasthan 2 2250 The central Pollution Control Board has taken
7. TN 19 154436 initiative to bridge the gap by implementing
8. Uttrakhand 1 12000 “In-situ Treatment of Sewage’ through
9. UP 2 2500 bioremediation and application of microbial
consortia. The technology is able to reduce
Municipal Solid Wa s t e (MSW) pollution load in terms of BOD, COD and
Management Suspended solids up to 80% and heavy metal
The Ministry and Central Pollution Control and other pollutants up to 50%. Such study
Board (CPCB) have been assessing regularly the has been completed in Ramnagar Domora
implementation status of the Municipal Solid drain, Bharatpur (Rajasthan) and AB Road
Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 Drain, Indore (Madhya Pradesh). Presently, the
through Annual Reports from the SPCBs/PCCs. scheme under NRCD/NGRBA is on-going at
The ‘Consolidated Annual Review Report’ has Budha Nala- Ludhiana (Punjab) and Bakarganj
been forwarded with certain recommendations Nala- Patna (Bihar). The project sites at Tokaghat
for enhancing implementation of the said Nala –Farukhabad (UP) and Mowaiya Nala-
rules. MoEF and CPCB have also undertaken 10 Allahabad (UP) and Chinsura Nala (WB) are
projects through SPCBs/PCCs to demonstrate under consideration under NGRBA.
170
D eve l o p m e nt o f E nv i ro n m e nt a l However, there is no emission standard for SO2

Standards and NOx emission. Considering the above, a
study on “Development / revision of emission
Development / revision of emission standards
for cement sector standards for cement plants” was undertaken
in association with National Council for Cement
Cement industry is one of the major air and Building Materials, Ballabgarh. Considering
polluting industry sector under 17 categories the NOx, SO2, PM emission level and load based
of industries in the country. During the PM emission data vis-à-vis control technology
various operations of cement manufacturing, available, prevailing emission standards in other
substantial quantum of dust is emitted, if countries & keeping in mind the observations
air pollution control device is not operating of the Parliamentary Standing Committee,
efficiently. Cement manufacturing also emits following emission standards were agreed by
SO2 and NOx emissions. The emission standards
4
the Peer & Core Expert Committee of CPCB and
for particulate matter were notified in April also approved in Board meeting.
1987 which was amended in February 2006.
Table-41. Emission Standards for Rotary Kiln based Cement Industries

New Plants (commissioned on or after date of notification) 600 mg/Nm3 (at 10% O2)
Existing plants (commissioned before the date of notification) 1000 mg/Nm3**(at 10% O2)
(these standards are to be implemented from the date of
NOX
notification until 31.7.2015)
Existing plants (commissioned before the date of notification) 800 mg/Nm3(at 10% O2)
(these standards will be implemented w.e.f. 1.8.2015)
For cement plants having sulphur content in raw meal less than or 100 mg/Nm3 (at 10% O2)
equal to 0.5 %
SO2
For cement plants having sulphur content in raw meal more than 1000 mg/Nm3 (at 10% O2)
0.5 %
Plants commissioned on or after 3.2.2006 (corresponding to 50 0.125 Kg/tonne of clinker
load based mg/Nm3)
PM for raw
mill, kiln &
precalciner Plants commissioned before 3.2.2006 (corresponding to 100 mg/ 0.25 Kg/tonne of clinker***
system Nm3)
together Plants commissioned before 3.2.2006 (corresponding to 150 mg/ 0.375 Kg/tonne of clinker***
Nm3)
Existing Standards:
Plants commissioned on or after 3.2.2006 50 mg/Nm3
Plants located in urban area or critically polluted area & 100 mg/Nm3 *
commissioned before 3.2.2006
Plants located in other area & commissioned before 3.2.2006 150 mg/Nm3 *
Proposed Standards:
Plants commissioned before 3.2.2006 (these standards will be 50 mg/Nm3
implemented w.e.f. 1.8.2014)
*w.e.f. 01.08.2014, applicable emission standards will be 50 mg/Nm3
** w.e.f. 01.08.2015, applicable emission standards will be 800 mg/Nm3.
***w.e.f. 01.08.2014, applicable emission standards will be 0.125 Kg/tonne of clinker
NOTE: In case of Grinding/Blending units, only concentration based PM standards will be applicable)
171
Table-42. Emission Standards for VSK based Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province,
cement Industries China to be held on June 4-7, 2013
and will be published in Procedia
PM Existing Standards:
Environmental Sciences by Elsevier.
400 mg/Nm3
– Follow up for next meeting with MoEF
Proposed Standards (w.e.f 1.8.2013) for further guidance & request for
150 mg/Nm3 Project extension.
NOx 500 mg/Nm3 (at 10% O2) – Coordination Cell of CPCB prepared
SO2 200 mg/Nm3 (at 10% O2) a proposal to MoEF to organize a
National Conference on Persistant Organic
Development and Promotion of Clean Pollutants.
Technology – Areas of Collaboration with Government
– Project on ‘Development of National of Finland were identified in the field of
Database on Cleaner Technologies (CT) for Odour Measurements, Fugitive Emissions,
financial appraisal of CT based projects and Spontaneous Stack Monitoring. The
and application of fiscal measures for projects were launched in Nov, 2011.
promotion of CT in India’ was sponsored – First National Workshop was conducted
by MoEF in September, 2009 in Delhi in 8-9th Feb, 2012 to introduce
– Reconstitution of the CTAC in the 5th the project goals to the SPCBs /
meeting of CTAC held at MoEF. The PCCs
project review presented the new – Two Regional Workshops were
‘CLUSTER’ approach for the identified conducted on Odour Measurements
four sectors viz., Used/Waste Oil and Source emission measurements at
Reprocessors, Textiles, Tanneries and Vadodara (7-8 Feb 2012) and Chennai
Dyes & Dye Intermediates with a (22-24 Aug 2012).
request for way forward.
– Development of Implementation strategy
– Field visits to the four identified sectors for Hg management in Fluorescent Lamp
viz., Used/Waste Oil Reprocessors, Sector
Textiles, Tanneries and Dyes & Dye
– Two Regional Workshops were
Intermediates in Uttar Pradesh &
conducted on‘Sustainable Management
Punjab & Haryana.
of Mercury in Fluorescent Lamps in India’
– Four Sectoral Reports were prepared at Chennai (Oct 11-12, 2012) and Delhi
on Clean Technology Options (Dec 13-14, 2012).
in Used/Waste Oil Reprocessors,
– Biomimetic Sequestration of CO2 into
Textiles, Tanneries and Dyes & Dye
Calcium Carbonate using immobilized
Intermediates.
Enzyme and Whole Cell Bioreactor –
– A Technical Paper on ‘Spent Oil Information collected on the status of the
Recycling and its Recycling Potential similar activities initiated by SPCBs/PCCs.
in India – Inventory and Issues’ was
– Contributed to the working Group on
accepted at International Symposium
Single Window Clearance Mechanism for
on Environmental Science and
SPCB/PCCs.
172
Market Friendly Emissions Trading Scheme Two Hundred Thirteen only) inclusive of all
(ETS) for Particulate Matter in Stationary taxes in the year 2011 with the objective to
Sources improve the Air Quality in India. The Baseline
The Pilot Project for Emission Trading Survey is the complement of design phase and
Scheme for Particulate Matter has been initiated also a part of the activities envisaged in a larger
by Ministry of Environment and Forests (Govt. goal of design, implementation and evaluation
of India) initially in three States i.e. Gujarat, of Continuous Emission Monitoring and Pilot
Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. Central Pollution Emission Trading Scheme for Particulate Matter
Control Board, State Pollution Control Boards from stationary sources in India. This project
(SPCBs) of Gujarat, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu is funded by MoEF under Water Cess fund to
are the main stakeholders of this project. CPCB in the year 2012 with a total cost of `3.97
Crores (` Three Crores Ninety Seven Lakh only).
The project is envisaged to progress in
4
The Baseline Survey would represent the first
three phases with Phase I involving designing
major data step towards completion of the
of ETS project and preparation of various
project and anticipated to lead directly to a
documentation and protocols including
number of outputs including:
field trials of real time continuous emissions
monitoring system, Phase II involving Baseline – A first of its kind assessment of abatement
Survey of industries including development of cost curves for industry.
CARE centre infrastructure in SPCBs as well as – A market simulation model estimating
CPCB and Phase III is the implementation of impacts of trading programmes.
pilot emission trading regime and associated – A model estimating costs to industry from
evaluation (Table-43). tightening existing standards.
The Design Phase is funded under IDF grant – A database of installed air pollution control
(World Bank) and MoEF awarded this project equipment, operating condition and
at a total cost of ` 1,23,66,213/- (Rupees One particulate levels from selected industries
Crore Twenty Three Lakh Sixty Six Thousand for pilot study,
Table-43. Key objecties of Pilot Project for Emission Trading Scheme (ETS)
Project Phase Name Key Objectives
Number
I Design Phase Dialogue and concurrenceInitial Concept Note and Evaluation
DesignDraft Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems and Data
Acquisition and Handling GuidelinesSelection of pilot project areas and
industry based on available data and objective selection criteriaField
Trials of Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems (CEMS)
II Baseline Baseline survey of industriesAnalysis of data to estimate abatement
Survey costs, project benefits, health impacts, status of industry etc CARE Center
infrastructure in SPCBs CEMS installation and evaluation(CARE Center
used to receive continuous emissions data from regulated industries)
III Implementa- Training and capacity building, SPCBsRegulatory notification enabling
tion Phase trading on pilot basisConcurrent evaluation and documentation
173
For the implementation phase, a Draft Manufacturer Association (PMA), Uttar Pradesh
Project Report (DPR) has been prepared and culminating in June 2012 with a detail
by DPR Drafting Committee (comprising implementation programme of about eight
of representatives of participating SPCBs, months duration for implementation of the
CPCB, MoEF & JPAL) and submitted to Charter in five identified clusters of Pulp &
MoEF for approval and fund provision. The Paper industries located in the catchments of
implementation phase comprises training Ramganga and Kali rivers.
and capacity building, regulatory notification
The implementation programme was
for enabling pilot ETS and its evaluation and
also discussed on 29th June, 2012 in CPCB
documentation.
with the Mission Director (NMCG), Ministry of
Implementation of the ‘Charter for Water Environment & Forests (MoEF), Joint Secretary
Recycling and Pollution Prevention in Pulp (CP Division), MoEF, Director, CPPRI, Member
and Paper Industries in Ganga River Basin’– Secretaries of UEPPCB and UPPCB and Pulp
regarding & Paper Mills Associations representing the
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) identified clusters.
has evolved a ‘Charter for water recycling and The detailed implementation programme
pollution prevention in pulp & paper industry in prescribes stringent fresh water consumption
Ganga River basin’. The Charter takes a holistic norms for various categories of Pulp & Paper
approach for pollution prevention in Pulp & industries, with improved effluent quality.
Paper industries by emphasising on process The expected effluent quality after addition of
technology up-gradation and adoption of best tertiary treatment could be BOD < 10 mg/l and
practices, besides quantum improvement in SS < 5 mg/l, equivalent to the process water
effluent treatment including tertiary treatment quality, which will ultimately lead to recycling
to reduce fresh water requirement, improve and reuse of treated effluent, thus reducing
effluent quality and optimise water recycling. the fresh water requirement and subsequent
There is no compromise with regard to the effluent generation.
industry meeting the prescribed effluent
standards. Compliance with the prescribed The ‘Charter for Water Recycling and
standards is mandatory. Pollution Prevention in Pulp and Paper Industries
in Ganga River Basin’ is under implementation
Extensive consultations were held by 84 Pulp & Paper industries located in five
beginning in April 2012 with various stake identified clusters namely Kashipur and Roorkee
holders viz. Central Pulp & Paper Research in Uttarakhand and Muzaffarnagar, Meerut
Institute (CPPRI), Saharanpur, Department of and Moradabad in Uttar Pradesh since August
Paper Technology, IIT, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 2012. The duration of the implementation
Environment Protection and Pollution programme is up to March 31, 2013.
Control Board (UEPPCB), Uttar Pradesh
Pollution Control Board (UPPCB), and Industry Main highlights
Associations, namely Indian Agro & Recycled – Water consumption is expected to be
Paper Mills Association (IARPMA), Paper Unit reduced by 40%.
Chapter of Kumaun Garhwal Chamber of
– Agro based Pulp & Paper industries will
Commerce and Industry (KGCCI) and Paper
stop chemical pulping till commissioning
174
of chemical recovery plants (CRPs) to stop – Quantum improvement in effluent quality

discharge of black liquor. after commissioning of tertiary treatment
– Many common CRPs/ individual CRPs with BOD < 10 mg/l & SS < 5 mg/l.
are planned to be installed under the – Stringent treated effluent norms with BOD
programme, which will address colour < 30mg/l (against the prescribed norms
problem in river water. of 30 mg/l) and SS-75 mg/l (against the
– Provisions have been made for strict prescribed norms of 100 mg/l). Additional
metering of the water use and wastewater norms have been introduced for the
generation. treated effluent quality with COD-250
mg/l (for agro based) & 225 mg/l (for RCF
– Self monitoring and reporting by individual
based), TDS-2100 mg/l and Colour-500
industry
PCU (for agro based) & 250 PCU (for RCF
4
– Third party monitoring & assessment based).
through CPPRI & local Paper Mills
– Up-gradation & augmentation of ETP
Associations besides surprise monitoring
system upto tertiary level (against the
by CPCB/ SPCBs.
mandatory secondary treatment level).
– Up gradation of 85 Pulp & Paper Units
Some of the achievements of the
located in the five identified clusters within
implementation programme till December 31,
the short period of about eight months.
2012 are as under:
Expected Output
– Individual ETP adequacy reports have
– Reduced fresh water consumption for been prepared for all the 84 participating
various categories of Pulp & paper Pulp & Paper industries and these reports
industries: have been assessed by CPPRI through an
– From 100 cum/MT to 60 Cum/MT expert committee.
in case of agro based writing &
Water Conservation
printing category (against the effluent
discharge standards of 150 cum/MT), – Almost all the mills have installed flow
meters on their bore wells for monitoring
– From 75 cum/MT to 40 Cum/MT in case
of water consumption.
of agro based kraft category (against
the effluent discharge standards of – All 84 participating mills have started
150 cum/MT), proper maintenance of log books for fresh
water consumption, effluent generation
– From 50 cum/MT to 20 Cum/MT
and effluent discharge quality.
in case of RCF based writing &
printing category ( against the effluent – Almost all the mills have installed showers
discharge standards of 50 cum/MT), of specified diameter to reduce water
consumption on paper machine
– From 35 cum/MT to 10 Cum/MT in case
of RCF based kraft category (against – Most of the mills have almost achieved
the effluent discharge standards of 50 fresh water consumption targets as
cum/MT). indicated in the Charter.
– The mills which have completed the
ETP upgradation have also achieved the
175
stipulated discharge norms with respect to upgradation in some of the clusters is due
waste water discharge as well as quality. to delay in supply of blowers / diffused
– Two industries in Kashipur and one aerators by the supplier.
industry in Moradabad have reported to Tertiary Treatment
have achieved zero discharge.
– While some have already adopted
Process Up-gradation tertiary treatment system ( Pressure Sand
– Two agro based mills in Kashipur have Filter, Dual Media Filter , Micron Filter,
adopted oxygen delignification system, Clarifloculator etc), others are in process
one of which has even introduced partial of erection / commissioning .
replacement of chlorine with chlorine – The mills have installed or are in process
dioxide. to install screw press, belt press etc for
– While in Kashipur four agro based mills efficient black liquor extraction / pulp
already chemical recovery Plant (CRP), washing.
the erection of CRP is under progress in Monitoring
one mill in Kashipur. In Muzaffarnagar,
– Several rounds of monitoring for
one agro based mill is having CRP, four
compliance verification have been
common CRPs are under construction.
carried out by CPPRI and local industry
– All the mills have installed fiber recovery associations. CPCB has also carried
system like dissolved air floatation, sedicell, out monitoring of about 50% of the
etc to recover fiber as well increase reuse participating industries till December 31,
of back water. 2012.
ETP Up-gradation Guidelines for Slaughter Houses
– The upgradation work related to ETP has As per the decision taken in the meeting
been accomplished by the most of the of the Committee held on 26.04.2012 at MoEF,
mills in Kashipur and Meerut, while it is New Delhi under the Chairmanship of the
under progress / nearing completion in Secretary, Environment & Forests, CPCB issued
mills located in Muzaffarnagar. directions under section 18(1)(b) of the Water
– Pulp & Paper industries located in Act, 1974 to 23 State Pollution Control Boards
Moradabad and Roorkee have started their /Pollution Control Committees on 12.07.2012.
activities under the Charter late and are As per the said directions, the State Boards/
under the initial phase. Committees have been asked to ensure
– Diffused aeration system has been installed following actions:-
and commissioned in most of the mills in – The State Boards/Committees shall ensure
Kashipur and Merut and the MLSS level that all slaughter houses operate with valid
are between 1500- 3000 mg/l consent;
– Almost all the mills have created facility – The State Boards/Committees shall take
for analysis of waste water , completed appropriate action so that the slaughter
colour coding of pipe lines and created houses provide effluent treatment facility
EM Cell. to meet norms;
– The major reason for delay in ETP
176
– The State Boards/Committee shall take The state-wise status based on replies
action against defaulting slaughter houses; received from SPCBs/PCCs is given in Table-44.
and
Eight states namely, Karnataka,
– The State Board/Committee shall submit Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Odisha,
six-monthly status reports to CPCB U.P., Uttrakhand and UT of Puducherry
indicating no. of slaughter houses in informed that the State Committee has been
operation, no. of slaughter houses with constituted. Replies have also been received
effluent treatment facility, number of from other 11 SPCBs/PCCs of Andhra Pradesh,
slaughter houses with valid consent Himachal Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Kerala,
and actions taken against the defaulting Punjab, Chandigarh, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh,
slaughter houses. Hayrana and Chhattisgarh. Tripura State
The Hon’ble Court while hearing the Pollution Control Board informed that there
4
matter on 23.08.2012 directed CPCB to write to is no slaughter house. Reminders have been
all the state governments informing about the issued to remaining 20 SPCBs/PCCs to forward
guidelines for slaughter houses as well as to status.
initiate action against all slaughter houses which
Parliament Matter
are not meeting the norms and implement the
abattoir rules through State Pollution Control CPCB has taken up the matter with the U.P.
Board (SPCB). In compliance of the Hon’ble Pollution Control Board for implementation of
Court’s said order, CPCB issued letter dated the recommendation made by the Committee
05.09.2012 to all the State Boards/Committees on Petitions (15th Lok Sabha) in their 10th report.
to take action against the slaughter houses not The slaughter house (Kamela) at Hapur Road run
meeting with the norms and abattoir rules and by Meerut Nagar Nigam has been dismantled
also circulated copies of its two publications on May 2, 2012. There is no slaughter house
namely, “Comprehensive Industry Document now at the site.
on Slaughter Houses, Meat and Sea Food
Environmental Information Management
Processing” and “Solid Waste Management in System
Slaughter House”. Further, CPCB filled affidavit
dated 17.09.2012 Real Time Pollution Monitoring
Network at Central Pollution Control Board:
The Hon’ble Court on 10.10.2012 directed A system for collecting online data on real
that CPCB, Animal Welfare Board and the MoEF time basis and publishing from 35 (Thirty five)
to work out a board framework so that the continuous ambient air quality monitoring
Committees can effectively implement the stations operated by various agencies like
provisions of the Act regarding transportation CPCB, SPCB and industries is in operation.
of live stocks, slaughter and disposal of waste During the current year, the concept of
etc. In compliance of the Hon’ble Supreme networking of different instruments in use for
Court’s order dated 10.10.2012, the broad continuous air/water/noise quality monitoring
framework under the Environment (Protection) through-out the country by different agencies
Act, 1986 and the Rules framed thereunder, was introduced. CPCB is receiving data from
was prepared. more than 170 stations in different formats and
efforts are being made to bring all the data on
177
Table-44. State-wise status based on information received from State Pollution Control
Boards/Pollution Control Committees regarding Slaughter Houses
S. State/ UT Constitution Other information
No. of Committee
1 Andhra Pradesh - 93 slaughter houses in State. Of these, 73 slaughter house
are in operation
2 Arunachal Pradesh
3 Assam
4 Bihar
5 Chhattisgarh 6 Slaughter Houses in State
6 Goa - One slaughter house in State
7 Gujarat - 19 Slaughter Houses in State
8 Haryana 41 Slaughters Houses in StateSlaughter House not in
operation = 10
9 Himachal Pradesh - 13 slaughter houses in State
10 Jammu & Kashmir
11 Jharkhand
12 Karnataka Constituted -
13 Kerala The State Board informed that Status is under preparation
14 Madhya Pradesh 28 Slaughters Houses in State
15 Maharashtra Constituted -First meeting was held on 07.12.12- It was decided to
compiling information from various departments.
16 Manipur Constituted -
17 Meghalaya Constituted -
18 Mizoram
19 Nagaland
20 Odisha Constituted -
21 Punjab 54 slaughter houses in State
22 Rajasthan
23 Sikkim
24 Tamil Nadu
25 Tripura - No slaughter house in State
26 Uttar Pradesh Constituted -
27 Uttarakhand Constituted State Board issued necessary instructions to Regional offices.
28 West Bengal
29 A & N Islands
30 Chandigarh - One slaughter house.
31 Daman Diu Dadra
Nagar Haveli
32 Delhi - One slaughter house.
33 Lakshadweep
34 Puducherry Constituted -
178
a single platform for easy understanding and for at least 2/3rd of its energy requirement
analysis. is generating large volume of fly ash. The
Ministry of Environment and Forests has issued
The concept was materialized with the
notification and its amendments under the
installation of central software operated by
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for fly ash
the major suppliers of instruments through
utilization. These are as follows:
installation of their own hardware & software.
Through these systems data collection is – Fly Ash utilization Notification S.O. 763(E)
possible without human intervention and of 14th September 1999.
data analysis is made possible on real time – Amended notification S.O. 979 (E) of
basis. These portals are web based and 27th August 2003.
uninterruptedly operational in separate specific
– Amended notification S.O. 2804 (E) of
domains through which online data can be
4
3rd November 2009.
analysed. The physical data submission will be
discontinued in future and time gaps in data The objectives of these notifications
submission have been reduced significantly. are to protect environment, conserve the
top soil and prevent dumping of fly ash
Strengthening of Network and Updation from Thermal Power Stations on land and to
of CPCB Website: Efforts are made for promote utilization of ash in the manufacture
uninterrupted LAN and Internet connectivity of building materials and construction activity.
to CPCB officials of various divisions and A Monitoring Committee has been constituted
strengthening the Computer Network at by the Ministry with members from Ministry
Parivesh Bhawan. Total computers on LAN with of Coal, Ministry of Powers, Central Pollution
Internet connectivity are about 400. Control Board, Central Electricity Authority,
CPCB’s website is updated regularly and Department of Science and Technology and
the users’ response/access to this website has Building Material Technology Promotion
been very good. During the calendar year 2012, Council to monitor implementation of the
number of hits was more than 2.75 crore, out of provisions of the notification.
which 94% hits were successful. On an average, The utilisation of fly ash has been increased
more than 8,05,588 visits were made to the site over the years because of various initiatives
and average duration of visit was more than 6 taken by Government for promoting gainful
minutes. One third of the visits were made by utilisation of fly ash in various construction
the international users. activities. The fly ash utilisation during the year
Fly Ash Utilization 2011-12 is reported to be 85.05 million tonnes
whereas it was reported to be 6.64 million
Introduction tonnes in the year 1996-97.
Fly ash is the finely divided mineral
Environmental Health
residue resulting from the combustion of
ground powdered coal in electric generating The Ministry had initiated environmental
plant. Fly ash consists of inorganic matter epidemiological studies in different areas of
present in the coal that has been fused during indoor and outdoor pollution so as to identify
coal combustion. The fast increasing demand and develop programmes to create data
of power coupled with its dependence on coal base and suggest environmental mitigation
179
measures. Continued research in health effects Progress made during the year
of ambient air pollution is necessary to evaluate Under the scheme on Development &
changing trends and to suggest corrective Promotion of Clean Technology and Waste
measures. Minimisation Strategies the progress made are
Development and Promotion of Clean as follows:
Technology – Four cleaner technologies has been
Introduction developed by the Ministry in collaboration
with the research institutions of the country
Clean Technologies, as distinct from “end-
during the current financial year.
of-pipe” abatement technologies minimize
the generation of waste streams in the – Eight meetings of the Progress Review
production processes and utilize waste from Committee were organized on the site to
other consumption goods and production monitor the progress of the projects.
processes, rather than treating the waste after – The two schemes on “Development
generation. In general, clean technologies & Promotion of Clean Technology
are less intensive in use of raw materials and and Industrial Pollution Abatement
energy, than conventional technologies, which through Preventive Strategies (Waste
rely on pollution abatement after generation. Minimisation)” has been decided to merge
They may also offer significant cost advantages into one scheme called Development &
to the producer. A grant-in-aid Scheme Promotion of Clean Technology and Waste
on Development and Promotion of Clean Minimisation Strategies.
Technologies was initiated in 1994 with the – EFC & Guidelines of the merged scheme
following objectives:- “Development & Promotion of Clean
– Development & Promotion of Cleaner Technology and Waste Minimisation
Technologies. Strategies” has been approved.
– Development of Tools and Techniques for – The Scheme was widely publicized through
Pollution Prevention. national New Papers as well as website
of the Ministry to obtain good project
– Formulation of Sustainable Development
proposals on transparent manner.
Strategies.
– The Committee constituted by the Ministry
Activities undertaken and completed
has scrutinized the new proposals and sent
Since the inception of the scheme in 1994, for evaluation/examination to the experts.
important activities undertaken include; Meeting of Apex committee is likely to be
– Demonstration projects convened soon.
– Life Cycle Assessment Ongoing Projects: Under the grant-in-aid

scheme on Devlopment & Promotion of Clean
– Carrying Capacity Studies
Technology, twenty projects were continued
– Creation of data base for Clean during the period and their progress was
Technologies monitored through Monitoring Committee,
– Training programmes for Adoption of followed by workshops and field visits. These
Clean Technologies etc. are:
180
– Development of Air Pollution Control Research Institute (EPTRI), Hyderabad

Package for small Scale Lime Kilns by CPA.
NEERI, Nagpur; – Waste Minimisation studies in Textile
– Effective removal of arsenic from ground sector in Nandigaon village Kothur
water covering Maslandapur – Ghoshpur Mahboobnagar district, Andhra Pradesh
blocks of 24 Parganas (N) (II-Phase) by by EPTRI, Hyderabad.
ion – specific adsorbents carrying sorbed – Waste minimization in small scale
ferric hydroxide to CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Industries – WMC Extension –Phase-III
Gujarat proposed by NPC, New Delhi.
– Defluridation of water using natural – Clean Technology for waste Minimization
materials for better drinking water supply from Nutraceutical Industry, Yenepoya
in rural regions by Jawaharlal Nehru University, Mysore.
4
University, New Delhi.
– Biological Liquefaction of Waste Fleshings
– Development of Fly Ash Based Geo- and Treatment with Tannery Effluent
polymer Concrete Pre-cast Elements by for Biogas Generation in Single Reactor
Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar by Central Leather Research Institute,
(Tamil Nadu) Chennai
– Life Cycle Assessment of Wood and – Evaluation of Refuse Derived Fuel from
Bamboo Composite Products by IPIRTI, Waste Plastics as Engine Fuel Substitute by
Bengaluru Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar.
– Creation of database and evolving – Production of bioelectricity from sludge
mechanism for capacity building in and domestic wastewater using microbial
the financial section and application of fuel cell University of Calcutta, Kolkata.
fiscal instruments for clean technology
– Waste M inimisation through co -
project.
composting of on and off-farm wastes
– Promotion of cleaner and Environmentally for sustainable crop productivity and soil
Friendlier Technology in the Highly health by Annamalai University, Annamalai
Polluting Small – Scale Glass Industry Nagar.
Cluster at Firozabad by Winrock
– Waste Minimisation in Moradabad
International India, Gurgaon, Haryana.
Brassware Cluster by The Energy Resource
– Modification & Designing of Fly ash Institute, New Delhi.
composites in Building Materials for energy
– Life Cycle Assessment Life Cycle
Conservation & shielding Application by
Assessment Studies in Thermal Power
National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi.
Plants, Steel, Pulp and Paper, Cement and
– Eco Friendly Road Technology – RBI Grade Construction Studies has been completed
81 Natural Soil Stabilizer by M/s Alchemist while wood and Bamboo Composite
Touchnology Limited, New Delhi. Products are likely to be completed by
– Wa s t e M i n i m i s a t i o n s t u d i e s i n end of 2013.
Electroplating Industries in Balanagar – Organisation of Workshop: One National
Industrial area, Hyderabad – Proposal level workshop was organised by the
by Environment Protection Training and
181
Ministry to disseminate the outcome of and Plastic Waste. The Scheme has following
the project on Environmental Impacts of objectives:
Slaughter House Wastes by Value Addition
– Creation of Hazardous Substances
as Pet Foods at Aligarh Muslim University,
Management Structures in the States.
Aligarh. Three awareness workshops were
organised by the National Productivity – Chemical Safety – Management of
Council, New Delhi at Bengaluru, Indore Chemical Accidents.
(MP) and Khurja (UP) on Waste Minimisation – Proper handling and disposal of Solid
Strategies. Wastes.
Details of the Completed Projects: Four Progress/Achievements made during the
cleaner technologies have been developed by year
the research institutions of the country during National Inventory of Hazardous Wastes
the current financial year. These are:
As per the information of Central Pollution
– Minimization of Environmental Impacts of Control Board (CPCB), there are about 41,523
Slaughter House Wastes by Value Addition industries in the country generating about 7.90
as Pet Foods by Aligarh Muslim University, million tonnes of hazardous waste every year, of
Aligarh. which landfillable waste is 3.32 million tonnes
– Pilot demonstration of Clean Technology (42.02%), incinerable waste is 0.60 million
for landfill gas (LFG) recovery at Okhla tonnes (7.60%) and recyclable hazardous waste
site, by TERI, New Delhi. is 3.98 million tonnes (50.38%).
– Development of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer The Ministry has initiated a project on
Concrete Precast Elements to Annamalai Geographical Information System (GIS) based
University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil National Hazardous Waste Information System.
Nadu. It is a web based system, which has been
– Life Cycle Assessment for construction developed to provide status of hazardous
Industry – concrete by National Council for waste management in the country. The
Cement and Building Materials (NCCBM), database available on the web is required to be
Haryana. regularly updated by all State Pollution Control
Hazardous Substances Management Boards to ensure updated status at all times. As
(HSM) on date, the system has statewise information
for about 25,000 hazardous waste generating
Introduction industries.
The activities under the Scheme “Creation
Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities
of Management Structure for Hazardous
(TSDFs) for Hazardous Wastes
Substances Management” relate to planning
and overseeing implementation of policies At present, Common TSDFs have been
and programmes on management of chemical developed for the disposal of landfillable
accidents and solid wastes so as to promote Hazardous Waste at 30 different places in 16
safe handling of hazardous chemicals and States namely, Andhra Pradesh (2), Daman,
solid wastes viz-a-viz Hazardous Waste, Bio- Diu, Dadra & Nagar Haveli (1), Gujarat (8),
Medical Waste, E-waste, Municipal Solid Waste Haryana (1), Himachal Pradesh (1), Karnataka
182
(1), Kerala (1), Madhya Pradesh (1), Maharashtra segregation, dismantling and recycling.
(4) Odisha (1), Punjab (1), Rajasthan (2), Tamil
The concept of Extended Producer
Nadu (1), Uttar Pradesh (3), Uttrakhand (1) and
Responsibility (EPR) has been enshrined
West Bengal (1). Total waste disposal capacity
in these Rules. Accordingly, producers are
(landfillable waste) of these facilities is 34.21
required to set up collection systems and meet
million tonnes. Out of these, 16 facilities in
the cost involved in the environmentally sound
nine states have incinerators. In addition, six
management of e-waste generated from the
exclusive common incinerators have been
‘end of life’ of their own products. Besides,
installed. These TSDFs can cater to the need of
threshold limits, which are accepted globally,
96% of landfillable Hazardous Waste. Six TSDFs
have been prescribed for six hazardous
are under construction. During the 11th Five
substances used in manufacture of electrical
Year Plan Period, financial assistance has been
and electronics components. Producers are
4
provided for setting up of eight TSDFs across
expected to achieve reduction in use of the
the Country.
hazardous substances (RoHS) to the prescribed
E-Waste Management limit within a period of two years from the date of
commencement of these rules. These rules are
According to CPCB, the e-waste inventory
the main instrument to ensure environmentally
in India for the year 2012 has been estimated to
sound management of e-waste.
exceed 8.0 lakh tonnes. About sixty five cities
in India generate more than 60% of the total Chemical safety
e-waste and ten states generate 70% of the
The Manufacture, Storage and Import of
total e-waste generated in India. Maharashtra
Hazardous Chemicals (MSIHC) Rules, 1989 and
ranks first followed by Tamil Nadu, Andhra
the Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning,
Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Delhi,
Preparedness and Response) (CAEPPR) Rules,
Karnataka, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and
1996 are the main instruments for ensuring
Punjab in the list of top ten e-waste generating
chemical safety in the Country. These rules
states in India. Among top ten cities generating
delineate the criteria for identification of Major
e-waste, Mumbai ranks first followed by Delhi,
Accident Hazard (MAH) unit. As per the rules,
Bengaluru, Chennai, Kolkata, Ahmadabad,
Central Crisis Group, State Crisis Groups, District
Hyderabad, Pune, Surat and Nagpur.
Crisis Groups and Local Crisis Groups at Central,
The Ministry has notified E-waste State, District and Local level are required to be
(Management and Handling) Rules, 2011. set up for the management of accidents due to
These rules have come into force from 1st May, handling of hazardous chemicals listed in the
2012. These rules apply to e-waste generated rules. The district having MAH units is required
from IT and telecommunication equipment to have its off-site emergency plan so as to
and consumer electrical and electronics mitigate the impact of chemical accidents. As
namely Television Sets (including LCD & per the information received from the States,
LED), Refrigerators, Washing Machines and there are 1,905 MAH units in the Country,
Air-conditioners. These rules empower the located in 304 districts.
concerned state agencies to control, supervise
A sub-scheme titled “Industrial Pocket
and regulate relevant activities connected
wise Hazard Analysis” has been in operation
with e-waste management such as collection,
since the Eighth Five Year Plan. During the last
183
financial year, the Ministry provided financial Stockholm Convention. Under the project,
assistance for preparation of off-site emergency the Ministry initiated the activities relating to
plans, hazardous analysis and rapid safety audit establishment of facilities for treatment and
reports for 41 districts having MAH units. Out of final disposal of PCBs and PCB contaminated
these, the off-site emergency plans including waste. The Steel Authority of India (SAIL) has
hazard analysis and rapid safety reports have agreed to install the proposed facility in the
been prepared during the year 2012-13. These premises of Bhilai Steel Plant. The Central
plans are under review. Power Research Institute (CPRI), Bengaluru has
agreed to host a mobile PCGB treatment facility
The financial assistance was provided
under the project.
to various consultants conducting training
programmes on Management of Chemical The text of the Rotterdam Convention
Accidents. Three training programs on was adopted at the Diplomatic Conference
‘Prevention and Management of Chemical held in Rotterdam on 10th September 1998
Accidents’ under the scheme of ‘Prevention and entered into force on 24th February 2004.
and Management Structure for Hazardous India exceeded to the convention on 24th May
Substances’ has been conducted for 2012- 2005 and it became operative on 23rd August
2013. 2005. The objectives of the Convention are, to
promote shared responsibility and cooperative
India has a significant presence in the
efforts among Parties in the international trade
production of basic organic and inorganic
of certain hazardous chemicals in order to
chemicals, pesticides, paints, dyestuffs and
protect human health and the environment
intermediates, petrochemicals, fine and
from potential harm; and to contribute to the
specialty chemicals, cosmetic and toiletry
environmentally sound use of those hazardous
product segments. The chemical industries
chemicals, by facilitating information exchange
in the Country have entered into an era of
about their characteristics, by providing for
growth and change. A need was felt to review
a national decision-making process on their
the existing regulatory framework on chemical
import and export and by disseminating these
safety and, therefore, the Ministry initiated a
decisions to Parties.
review of the existing regulatory framework
through consultation with stakeholders. A The fifth Conference of Parties (COP)
technical committee was constituted to review to the Rotterdam Convention in June 2011
& harmonize the MSIHC rules and CAEPPR rules applauded India for its spirit of consensus and
and first meeting of the committee was held in support of listing of Chrysotile Asbestos. India
February, 2013. as a follow up of the request of the Chair of
the contact Group chaired an informal group
The Ministry has developed the National
to continue discussion with a view to possibly
Implementation Plan (NIP) under the Stockholm
identifying ways to achieve consensus on
Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
listing. The dissident group did not agree to any
(POPs). As per the NIP, the Ministry is required
consensus reiterating that Chrysotile Asbestos
to dispose off 7,700 tonnes of Poly Carbonated
may be discussed in next meeting COP with
Bi-phenly (PCB) and PCB contaminated waste
more technical and scientific information.
by 2028. For the purpose, the Ministry is
Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals
implementing the Post NIP project under the
184
(DCPC), Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers under the Environment (Protection) Act,
through National Institute of Occupational 1986 in supersession of the Recycled Plastics
Health, Ahmadabad, has conducted a study on Manufacture and Usage Rules, 1999 and 2003.
Health/Environment Hazards resulting from In the new rules, the minimum thickness for
Use of Chrysotile variety of Asbestos. Ministry manufacturing plastic carry bags has been
of Environment & Forests has evaluated the increased from 20 micron to 40 micron. Use
said Report and communicated the inputs to of plastic material in any form for packing
DCPC. gutkha, pan masala and tobacco in all forms
has been banned. No carry bags shall be made
United Nations Environment Programme
available free of cost to consumers by retailers.
(UNEP) organised 5th Intergovernmental
The municipal authorities are required to
Negotiating Committee (INC-5) meeting for a
determine the minimum price for plastic carry
Global Legally Binding Instrument on Mercury
4
bags in order to encourage their re-use so as to
between 13 -18th January, 2013 at Geneva.
minimize plastic waste generation. Municipal
India participated in the aforesaid negotiations
Authority has been made responsible for
through an Inter-Ministerial team. The
setting up, operationalisation and coordination
principle of CBDR (Common But Differentiated
of the waste management system and for
Responsibility) was categorically reaffirmed as
ensuring safe collection, storage, segregation,
the foundation of International Cooperation
transportation, processing and disposal of
on Environment and Development. Existing
plastic waste.
primary mining of Mercury from existing mines
will continue for another 15 years. We stand To create awareness on the various
benefitted from this provision because of our provisions of these rules, the Ministry provided
import dependency for Mercury. financial assistance to State Pollution Control
Boards (SPCBs) namely Assam, Nagaland, Sikkim
The issue of emissions and releases of
and Madhya Pradesh for conducting training
Mercury was of particular concern to India,
programs on plastic waste management.
given our dependence on coal based power
Further Training of Trainer (ToT) was also
generation. Our effective interventions and
organized for various stakeholders.
coalition building helped in protecting our
interest in this area. The specific threshold levels Bio-Medical Waste Management
for various identified sources were deleted from
As per the information received from
the draft text. For emissions from new sources,
SPCBs and PCCs of Union Territories, there are
there is a period of 5 years after which parties
188 Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment and
have to apply Best Available Techniques (BAT).
Disposal Facilities (CBMWTDFs) in operation
There are similar provisions for releases of
and 17 CBMWTDFs under installation. Besides,
Mercury in effluent in the proposed instrument.
there are 688 incinerators, 2,710 autoclaves,
The proposed listing out of sources of releases
179 microwaves, 13 hydroclaves and 4,250
in the instrument was deleted.
shredders as captive treatment equipments
Plastic Waste (Management and Handling) being operated by the individual health
Rules, 2011 care facilities. To create awareness among
the persons, who are involved in handling
New Plastic Waste (Management and
of biomedical waste, the Ministry provided
Handling) Rules, 2011 have been notified
185
support to some SPCBs for conducting training Remediation of Contaminated Hazardous

programmes on various aspect of Bio-medical Waste Dump Sites
waste management. A project with the assistance of World
The Ministry notified the draft Bio-Medical Bank is being implemented by the Ministry
Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2011 to remediate ten highly polluted sites, two in
on 24th August, 2011 inviting comments/ Andhra Pradesh and eight in West Bengal on
suggestions from the public. The comments/ pilot basis. The total cost of the project is USD
suggestions received in the Ministry were 75.39 million (` 339.26 crores approx.) for a
compiled and analyzed in consultation period of five years.
with various stakeholders such as Union The objective of the project is to develop
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, SPCBs/ a National Programme for rehabilitation
PCCs of Union Territories, representatives of ten identified polluted sites in Andhra
of health care establishments, operators of Pradesh (two sites) and West Bengal (eight
common biomedical waste treatment and sites) on pilot basis. Besides, the project will
storage facilitates and civil societies. The support the development of institutional and
rules are being finalized and will be notified methodological framework for rehabilitation
in supersession of the Bio-Medical Waste of highly polluted abandoned sites and build
(Management & Handling) Rules, 1998 and the human and technical capacity in state agencies
amendments made thereon. In the new rules, for undertaking projects on reduction of risk
it has been proposed to cover all the health from contamination to nearby population.
care establishments, including all veterinary The project will also support measures from
institutions generating bio-medical waste for public awareness and community education.
obtaining authorization from the Prescribed During the year 2012-13, three NPRPS
Authority. Presently, only those HCEs which (National Programme for Rehabilitation of
provide health care services for 1,000 patients Polluted Sites) consultancies were awarded
or more per month are required to obtain and the work under all three consultancies is in
authorization from the Prescribed Authority, progress. Inception reports have been received.
i.e. the SPCB. Finalization of remediation plans of Noor
The Ministry is implementing a UNDP Mahmood Kunta Hazardous Waste Sites and
project on “Demonstrating and Promoting Best Closure for containment work for Kadapa Site
Techniques and Practices for reducing Health in Andhra Pradesh are under consideration on
Care Waste to avoid Environmental Releases of the basis of reports received from consultants.
Dioxins and Mercury”. Under the project, various Financial support of ` 18.84 crore (up to
activities relating to development of model December, 2012) has been provided to State
systems for biomedical waste management, agencies concerned under the project.
training to the persons involved in waste This Ministry has also initiated a project
handling and for proper storage and transport for ‘Remediation of contaminated Hazardous
of wastes from the point of generation to the Waste Dump Sites’ under the National Clean
point of treatment were undertaken in the Energy Fund. Twelve contaminated areas have
states of Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh. been identified as priority sites in the Country.
This will supplement the work being done
under the World Bank project.
186
Draft Bio-Medical Waste (Management & Control Board, State Government or Union
Handling) Rules, 2011 Territory Government or Administration,
The Ministry notified the draft Bio-Medical State Pollution Control Boards or Pollution
Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2011 Control Committees and Local Bodies
on 24th August, 2011 inviting comments/ such as Gram Panchayat, Municipalities
suggestions from the public. The Comments/ or Corporations.
suggestions received in the Ministry were Draft Hazardous Substances (Classification,
compiled and analyzed in consultation with Packaging and Labeling) Rules, 2011
the stakeholders such as Ministry of Health and The Ministry of Environment and Forests
Family Welfare, SPCBs/ PCCs, representatives notified the draft Hazardous Substances
of health care establishments, operators of (Classification, Packaging and Labeling)
biomedical waste treatment and storage Rules, 2011 to regulate and ensure proper
4
facilities, civil societies, etc. The rules are being classification, packaging and labeling of
finalized and will be notified in supersession hazardous substances. The draft Rules were
of the Bio-Medical Waste (Management & published for public comments. The salient
Handling) Rules, 1998 and the amendments features of the draft Rules are given below:
made thereon. The major changes proposed in
the draft rules are:- – These rules shall apply to hazardous
substances, hazardous chemicals and
– Simplification of colour coding for dangerous goods as specified in the list
segregation of waste at the source of of chemicals.
generation of bio-medical waste.
– The responsibilities of occupier and
– Mandatory obtaining of authorization consigner have been prescribed. They
by all the Health Care Facilities (HCFs) are required to assign hazard classes,
irrespective of generation of bio-medical use proper shipping name, suitable
waste as well as number of patients treated packaging, requisite label, marking and
per month. use of updated safety Data Sheet for
– Constitution of district level committees transportation. The Rules mandate training
for monitoring implementation of various of persons engaged in handling, storage
provisions of these rules. and transport of dangerous goods.
– Precautionary principles including safety of – Various classes of hazardous substances
the workers handling bio-medical waste. have been specified viz. explosives, gases,
– Various authorities have been identified flammable liquids and flammable solids,
with their roles and responsibilities. The oxidizing substances, toxic and infectious
proposed draft Rules have stipulated duties substances, radioactive materials,
for concerned Ministries/Departments corrosive substances and miscellaneous
viz. Central and State Ministries of substances.
Environment and Forests, Central and – The assignment of United Nations number
State Ministries of Health and Family and proper shipping names have been
Welfare, Central and State Departments prescribed as per its hazard classification
of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry, and composition. Packaging provisions
Ministry of Defence, Central Pollution have been assigned for handling of
187
hazardous substances. Labeling provisions, – The Hazardous Wastes (Management,

viz. trade name, substance name, chemical Handling and Transboundary Movement)
Abstract Number, gross weight name and Rules, 2008 and as amended.
address of manufacture, importer, supplier, – The Manufacture, Storage, and Import of
emergency contact number, hazard class, Hazardous Chemical Rules 1989 and as
packing group, play card, etc. have been amended.
provided.
– The Chemical Accidents (Emergency,
The comments/ suggestions received on Preparedness, Planning and Response
these rules were compiled and analyzed Rules 1996.
in consultation with the stakeholders. The
– Notification (S.O. No. 227 dated 24.3.1992)
comments in respect of responsibilities
delineating the scope of Public Liability
assigned to the Central Ministries
Assurance Act, 1991.
concerned, Central/State Departments
have been requested for finalization of Budget allocation and progress of
the Rules. Expenditure during 2012-13; XII Plan
Outlay
Review of Legislation / Subordinate
Legislations The budget allocation and progress of
expenditure during 2012-13 (up to 31st Dec.,
During the year 2012-13, the Ministry has 2012) and proposed outlay of XII Plan are as
initiated the process of review of following under:-
legislations/subordinate legislations in
consultation with the Stakeholders:
(` in crore)
Year BE RE Expenditure
(as on 31.12.2012)
2012-13 39.85 27.35 19.99
XII Plan 186.00 Not applicable Not applicable
188
189
National River Conservation Directorate – Setting up Sewage Treatment Plants for

The National River Conservation treating the diverted sewage.
Directorate, functioning under the Ministry – Construction of Low Cost Sanitation
of Environment and Forests is engaged in toilets to prevent open defecation on river
implementing the River and Lake Action Plans banks.
under the National River Conservation Plan – Construction of Electric crematoria and
(NRCP) and National Lake Conservation Plan Improved Wood Crematoria to conserve
(NLCP) by providing financial assistance to the the use of wood.
State Governments. – River Front Development works such as
improvement of bathing ghats.
National River Conservation Plan
– Afforestation on the river banks, Public
Introduction Participation & Awareness etc.
The objective of National River Recent Initiatives in River Conservation
Conservation Plan (NRCP) is to improve the Mission
water quality of the rivers, which are the
National Ganga River Basin Authority
major water sources in the country, through
the implementation of pollution abatement National Ganga River Basin Authority
works, to the level of designated best use. So (NGRBA) was constituted on 20.02.2009, under
far a total of 41 rivers have been covered under the chairmanship of the Prime Minister as an
the programme (Table-45). empowered planning, financing, monitoring
and coordinating authority for the Ganga River,
The pollution abatement works taken up in exercise of the powers conferred under the
so far under the NRCP include: Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
– Interception and diversion works to capture In its first meeting on 5th October, 2009,
the raw sewage flowing into the river the Authority decided that under Mission
through open drains and divert them for Clean Ganga it will be ensured that by 2020
treatment. no untreated municipal sewage and industrial
Table-45. Rivers covered under NRCP Programme

S. No River S. No River S. No River S. No. River
1 Adyar 12 Ganga 23 Musi 34 Tapi
2 Beas 13 Godavari 24 Narmada 35 Tunga
3 Betwa 14 Gomati 25 Pennar 36 Tungabadra
4 Beehar 15 Khan 26 Pamba 37 Tamrabarani
5. Bhadra 16 Krishna 27 Panchganga 38 Vaigai
6 Brahmani 17 Kshipra 28 Rani Chu 39 Vennar
7 Cauvery 18 Mahanadi 29 Ramganga 40 Wainganga
8 Cooum 19 Mandovi 30 Sabarmati 41 Yamuna
9 Chambal 20 Mandakini 31 Satluj
10 Damodar 21 Mahananda 32 Subarnarekha
11 Dhipu & Dhansiri 22 Mindhola 33 Tapti
190
effluents flow into Ganga and the investments help of IIT Roorkee. As per new guidelines
required to create the necessary treatment whole river basin will be considered for
and sewerage infrastructure will be shared river conservation schemes. Preparation
suitably between the Centre and the State of City Sanitation Plan is required. On
Governments. that basis schemes will be selected for
abatement of pollution. Prefeasibility report
An Action Plan was approved by the
will also be prepared before preparing
NGRBA in its first meeting, to achieve the
DPR. Operation and Maintenance (O&M)
aforesaid Mission objective. Implementation
plan for first 5 years will be inbuilt in
of this Action Plan was reviewed in the 2nd
the DPR whereas for next 10 years O&M
Meeting of the NGRBA on 01.11.2010.
plan based on recovery will be included.
The following steps have been taken Stake holder consultation at project
5
by the Ministry of Environment & Forests to formulation stage, holistic approach and
implement the Action Plan: provision of integrated sewer network
– Preparation of Basin Management Plan: up to the house property line, in place
A comprehensive River Basin Management of drain interception and diversion to
Plan for Ganga is being prepared. This ensure 100% sewage collection, signing
work has been entrusted to a consortium of tripartite Memorandum of Agreements
of seven Indian Institute of Technology (MoA) among Government of India, State
(IITs) (Kanpur, Delhi, Madras, Bombay, Government and Urban Level Bodies to
Kharagpur, Guwahati and Roorkee). In bind them for release of funds timely
this regard, a Memorandum of Agreement completion of projects ensure house
(MoA) has been signed on 06.07.2010 by connection and O&M of assets, appraisal
the MoEF & the IITs. of projects proposals by independent
intuitions/experts to enhance quality of
The Plan is being prepared with the
DPR and cost optimization are some of
objective of taking comprehensive
the new additions in the guidelines.
measures for restoration of the
wholesomeness of the Ganga system and – Initial portfolio of projects: In order
improvement of its ecological health. The to bridge the critical deficit in sewage
Plan will be the basis for specific projects infrastructure and treatment capacity,
to be undertaken, policy interventions and other related activities for river
required and non-project investments conservation in towns along the river
under NGRBA. The consortium has Ganga the first phase of projects worth
submitted first set of five reports . They `2696 crores has been approved for
are preparing second set of 17 reports development of sewer networks, sewage
under the Ganga River Basin Management treatment plants and sewage pumping
Plan. stations, electric crematoria, community
toilets, development of river fronts,
– Revision of Guidelines for preparation
etc. These projects are currently under
of DPRs: The guidelines prepared in the
implementation by the states.
year 2002 for Detailed Project Report (DPR)
preparation have been revised with the – Funding of NGRBA projects: The existing
NRCP funding pattern i.e. 70:30 between
191
the Centre and States is being followed u National Mission for Clean Ganga:
for NGRBA projects. Planning Commission National Mission for Clean Ganga
has agreed to the proposal that the O&M (NMCG), a registered society has been
costs of the assets created under NGRBA setup at the central level to plan and
will be shared by the Central and State implement the NGRBA programme in
Governments on 70:30 basis for three years. coordination with the State Agencies
It was decided in the second meeting of concerned. The NMCG is headed by a
NGRBA that O&M costs of assets created Mission Director.
under NGRBA will be shared between u Dedicated implementation
Centre and the States for five years, with institutions in States: States have
a review at the end of two/three years. been requested to set up dedicated
During this time, the States are expected entities for timely implementation and
to build the technical and financial capacity proper O&M of NGRBA projects.
of ULBs to ensure O&M on a sustained
u Memorandum of Agreements
basis.
(MoA): Tripartite MoAs are being
– Measures for improving signed with the State Governments/
implementation: The following are Urban Local Bodies in respect of
among the measures taken to improve sanctioned projects. The MoAs provide
implementation of projects under for commitments by the Centre and
NGRBA; States for funding of the projects,
u Standing Committee and Empowered regular monitoring and review of
Steering Committee: A Standing implementation, coordination by the
Committee of NGRBA has been State Governments with the ULBs
constituted with Union Finance and other agencies to ensure synergy
Minister as chairman to function on with programs like Jawaharlal Nehru
behalf of the Authority, take necessary National Urban Renewal Mission
decisions and periodically review and (JNNURM)/ Urban Infrastructure
assess implementation of Authority’s Development Scheme for Small and
work programme and prescribe Medium Towns (UIDSSMT) etc. 29 MoAs
measures to achieve its objectives. An have been signed so far.
Empowered Steering Committee (ESC) u Independent appraisal of Detailed
has been constituted for appraisal and Project Reports: Reputed professional
sanction of project proposals on a Fast institutions have been appointed for
Track Mode. appraisal of DPRs for works to be taken
u State River Conservation Authorities: up for sanction under NGRBA.
To facilitate better coordination and u Third Party Inspection: Third Party
implementation of the conservation Inspection (TPI) for projects has
activities at the State level, Empowered been introduced, covering all four
State River Conservation Authorities stages in the life cycle of a project,
(SRCAs) have been notified under namely Pre-construction, Construction,
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for Commissioning & trial run and,
all the five Ganga States.
192
Post-construction. The inputs of pollution is being addressed by the Central

third party inspection will be taken and State Pollution Control Boards/Pollution
into consideration before release of Control Committee.
funds.
Pollution Abatement of River Mindhola at
u Industrial Pollution: In order to Surat, Gujarat
effectively tackle the problem of
Surat having a population of about 44
industrial pollution, a dedicated cell
Lakh is located on the banks of two rivers
is being set up in CPCB for inspection
namely, Tapi and Mindhola. Sewage is also
and monitoring of industrial units
reaching the sea through the creeks. In the
discharging effluents into the river
catchment of river Tapi, at present about 100
Ganga. In the first instance, the cell will
MLD sewage is being generated against which
focus its efforts on the critical stretch
STP capacity of 115 MLD is available. The
5
of about 500 kms from Kannauj to
State Government has posed a proposal of
Varanasi.
construction of 55 mld STP in this catchment
National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) – to the Ministry of Urban Development under
(Other Schemes) JNNURM recently. About 86 mld sewage is
The schemes of GAP-II and other rivers being generated in the catchment area of Tena
of the country have now been merged under creek, for which 115 mld sewage treatment
one Centrally Sponsored Scheme of National capacity is available and one STP of 84 mld
River Conservation Plan based on 70:30 capacity is being constructed under JNNURM.
funding pattern and presently National River This will take care of the pollution load in the
Conservation Directorate (NRCD) is undertaking Tena creek catchment area.
all river water pollution abatement works under
In the catchment area of Mindhola,
this head.
total sewage generation is about 400 MLD. A
At present, the National River Conservation treatment capacity of 427.50 has been created
Plan (NRCP) includes works in 190 towns along so far. At present, not all of the sewage is
polluted stretches of 41 rivers spread over reaching the STPs due to some uncovered area
20 states (Annexure-V). This includes works by the sewerage system in the catchment area.
undertaken under GAP-II. The total cost of the Thus, about 250 MLD sewage is reaching the
sanctioned projects is about ` 8416.38 crore. An STPs, and balance 150 MLD is falling in the river
amount of ` 4032 crore has been released by the Mindhola.
Government of India so far. 881 schemes have
For conservation of river Mindhola at
been completed as against 1152 sanctioned
Surat, the State Govt. has submitted the
schemes. 5090 mld has been sanctioned so
project proposal costing ` 387.58 crore making
far on the basis of sanctioned DPRs within
provisions for sewerage networks, sewage
the approved cost of the respective projects
pumping stations in three drainage districts
and a capacity to treat 4704 mld of sewage
along with creation of sewage treatment
has been created till the end of December,
capacity of 53 mld for the conservation of river
2012 including 869 mld already created under
Mindhola along Surat within a period of 30
the completed project of Ganga Action Plan
months.
Phase-I Prevention and control of industrial
193
The project has been sanctioned at an of India and State Governments in the ratio
estimated cost of ` 262.13 crore on 24.8.2012. of 85:15 i.e. ` 530 crore Central share and `
Funds of ` 41.70 crore have been released to 94 crore States’ share. Pollution abatement
Surat Municipal Corporation, implementing schemes for creation of 189 mld sewage
agency for implementation of the project so treatment capacity have been sanctioned so
far. Funds of ` 80 crore are likely to be released far under the Plan at a cost of ` 679.88 crore,
in the financial year 2013-14. out of which an amount of ` 426.32 crore has
been released towards Central share. Under
National River Conservation Plan (Externally
this plan, a sewage treatment capacity of 189
Aided Projects)
mld out of the envisaged capacity of 189 has
Yamuna Action Plan (YAP)–(Phase-I) been created.
Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) Phase I was YAP-II project also includes preparation
launched by the Ministry to take up the of DPRs for projects in the 3 States which are
pollution abatement works in Yamuna river in proposed to be undertaken under YAP III with
the States of Uttar Pradesh, Delhi & Haryana in JICA assistance.
April 1993 with a loan assistance from Japan
Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC). This The cost of works to be executed in the
project has been completed at a total cost three States under YAP-II comprises of:
of `682 crores and 269 out of the total 269 Delhi ` 387.17 crore
schemes have been completed in February UP ` 124.13 crore
2003. Under this plan, a sewage treatment
Haryana ` 62.50 crore
capacity of 753.25 mld out of the envisaged
capacity of 753.25 has been created, with the Miscellaneous (WQM,
state-wise break up of 322 mld (in Haryana), Capacity building,
401.25 mld (in U.P.) and 30 mld. (in Delhi). Consultancy etc.) ` 50.20 crore
Yamuna Action Plan (Phase-III)
Yamuna Action Plan (Phase-II)
Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) Phase - III
Government of India, Ministry of
project shall be implemented in Delhi with
Environment & Forests have received financial
the assistance from Japan International
assistance of Yen 13.33 billion from the
Cooperation Agency (JICA) at an estimated
Japan International Cooperation Agency for
cost of ` 1656 crore. The project cost will be
implementation of Yamuna Action Plan (YAP)
shared between the Government of India (GoI)
Phase II, which is part of the National River
and the Government of NCT of Delhi on 85:15
Conservation Plan (NRCP).
basis. The share of GoI will be ` 1407.6 crore
The loan agreement between Government and that of Government of NCT of Delhi will
of Japan and Government of India was signed be ` 248.4 crore. JICA has agreed to provide
on 31st March 2003. The project has been a loan assistance of ¥ 32571 Million to GoI for
approved by CCEA at an estimated cost of ` the proposed project, which will constitute the
624 crore for abatement of pollution of river central share of the project equivalent to 85%
Yamuna in Delhi, UP (8 towns) and Haryana (6 of the total project cost as per pattern adopted
towns) under YAP-II. The cost of works under for the earlier JICA assisted YAP-II project.
YAP-II is to be shared between Government
194
Under YAP-III, it is proposed to rehabilitate has been approved for funding by JBIC for
the damaged trunk sewers to maximize the 11.184 billion Yen.
utilization of available treatment capacity,
The project consists of the following
rehabilitate and modernize the STPs in three
components:
catchment areas of Delhi namely Okhla, Kondli
and Rithala and to equip them with tertiary – Sewerage component (comprising of trunk
level treatment facilities to achieve treated sewers, pumping stations and related
effluent quality of 10 mg/l for Biochemical rising mains, rehabilitation of old trunk
Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total Suspended sewers and five ghats pumping stations,
Solids (TSS) so as to improve the water quality renovation of existing STPs, construction
of river Yamuna. The proposed works are (a) of 140 mld new STP at Sathwa and land
Rehabilitation/modernization of STPs, totaling acquisition)
5
814 MLD capacity at Okhla, Kondli and Rithala – Non-sewerage component (comprising
in Delhi. (b) Setting up of Tertiary Treatment of community toilet complexes in slum
Facilities at the above STPs (c) Construction areas, construction of dhobi ghats and
of a new state of art STP in place of old STP of improvement of bathing ghats)
136 MLD capacity at Okhla. (d) Rehabilitation – Public awareness and participation
of sewer lines/Rising mains in the two programme
catchments of Delhi viz Kondli and Rithala. (d)
– Institutional Development programme for
Public Outreach Activities. These works will be
the local body (Varanasi Nagar Nigam and
integral to the Sewerage Master Plan being
Varanasi Jal Sansthan) to enable proper
prepared by Delhi Jal Board (DJB).
O&M of the assets created.
The project will be implemented by DJB UP Jal Nigam is the project implementing
under the supervision of the Department of agency (PIA) for the sewerage component
Urban Development, Government of NCT while the non-sewerage component would be
of Delhi. The Ministry of Environment and implemented by Varanasi Nagar Nigam.
Forests will monitor the progress of work.
The implementation of the project will be Pollution abatement schemes for creation
over a period of 7 years. Project Management of 140 mld sewage treatment capacity have
Consultant will be appointed by DJB to assist been sanctioned so far under the Plan at a cost
in project implementation. The O&M of the of `496.90 crore.
assets created under the project will be the
World Bank Assisted project for pollution
responsibility of the State Government/DJB. abatement of river Ganga under NGRBA
The project will be completed in 7 years.
A project with World Bank assistance
National Ganga River Basin Authority for abatement of pollution of river Ganga’ at
(NGRBA) an estimated cost of `7000 crore has been
JICA assisted Ganga Action Plan (GAP) approved for implementation. The Bank will
Project at Varanasi support the Government of India by providing
technical assistance and financing of US $
Based on the project proposal/feasibility
1 billion (approx. `4600 crore). The share of
study prepared under the JICA assisted
Government of India will be `5100 crore and
development study, the GAP project at Varanasi
195
Table-46. Water quality data for River Ganga (Summer Average i.e. March-June)
S. Station/Location Distance DO (mg/l) BOD (mg/l)

No (KM)
1986 2012 1986 2012

1. Rishikesh 0 8.1 7.5 1.7 1.2
2. Hardwar D/s 30 8.1 7.4 1.8 1.6
3. Garhmukteshwar 175 7.8 7.4 2.2 1.7
4. Kannauj U/S 430 7.2 6.8 5.5 3.9
5. Kannauj D/S 433 NA 7.0 NA 4.4
6. Kanpur U/S 530 7.2 7.2 7.2 3.9
7. Kanpur D/S 548 6.7 6.1 8.6 4.5
8. Allahabad U/S 733 6.4 7.8 11.4 6.4
9. Allahabad D/S 743 6.6 7.4 15.5 3.6
10. Varanasi U/S 908 5.6 8.2 10.1 2.6
11. Varanasi D/S 916 5.9 7.5 10.6 3.4
12. Patna U/S 1188 8.4 7.1 2.0 1.8
13. Patna D/S 1198 8.1 6.9 2.2 2.2
14. Rajmahal 1508 7.8 6.8 1.8 1.4
15. Palta 2050 N/A 7.4 N/A 2.2
16. Uleberia 2500 N/A 6.3 N/A 3.2
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
Bathing Water Quality Criteria : DO equal to or more than 5.0 mg/l
BOD equal to or less than 3.0 mg/l
* The above data are on the basis of the Water Quality Monitoring in various stretches of the river done by the following independent
institutions -
Pollution Control Research Institute (PCRI), Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL), Hardwar (Rishikesh to Anoopshahr), (Badrinath to
Hardwar)
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) (Allahabad to Tarighat)
Deptt. Of Zoology, Patna University (Buxar to Sahebganj in Bihar)
Deptt. of Civil Engg., Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur (Kannauj U/S to Kanpur D/S),
Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, West Bengal, (Berhampore to Uluberia)
that of the State Governments of Uttarakhand, To achieve the objective of Mission Clean
Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Ganga as resolved by NGRBA and to ensure
Bengal will be `1900 crore. States have set up that by the year 2020, no untreated municipal
dedicated State Project Management Group or industrial effluent will be allowed to be
(SPMG) under the State nodal Departments discharged into the river Ganga, an investment
for planning, coordination, monitoring of `26000 crore has been estimated as per
implementation and reporting of the projects approved NGRBA Annual Plan 2012-13 (State
taken up under the Programme. Perspective for 8 years).
196
Other initiatives: North East permissible limit at most monitoring stations

Identification of polluted stretches of rivers along the river.
and polluting towns in rest of the NE states are The summer average values of two
being carried out by the state governments. important river water quality parameters
On the basis of survey, investigation and DPRs, viz. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical
rivers from NE states would be considered for Oxygen Demand (BOD) recorded in some of
inclusion under NRCP. The cost sharing ratio the important monitoring stations on river
between the Centre and States of the projects Ganga is given in Table-46.
under NRCP and NLCP in the NE states is 90:10.
A very significant factor is increasing
The State Governments have been advised to
demand due to large scale water extraction for
prioritise the works for the polluted stretches
various purposes including irrigation, drinking
identified by the Central Pollution Control
5
water supply, and power projects. Besides this,
Board (CPCB) and to send proposals for
inadequate operation and maintenance (O&M)
pollution abatement works.
by the States, under-utilisation of the Sewage
Water Quality Management Plan for River Treatment Plants (STPs) in some instances, delay
Ganga in acquisition of land, contractual issues, court
The water quality of river Ganga is cases, erratic power supply and inadequate
being monitored since 1986 from Rishikesh capacities of local bodies/agencies and lack of
in Uttaranchal to Uluberia in West Bengal involvement of civil society were some of the
by institutions such as Pollution Control constraints faced in the implementation of
Research Institute (Hardwar), CPCB Zonal the Ganga Action Plan. The pollution load on
Office Lucknow, Indian Institute of Technology, rivers has increased over the years due to rapid
Kanpur, Patna University and Bidhan Chandra urbanistion and industrialization. Domestic
Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Kalyani. As a result sewage is the major source of pollution of
of the projects completed under Ganga rivers besides industrial and other non-point
Action Plan, the water quality of river Ganga sources of pollution.
has shown a general improvement despite The water quality monitoring has also
tremendous population growth along the river been undertaken for rivers namely, Yamuna,
banks as compared to pre-GAP period. Water Western Yamuna Canal, Gomti, Hindon, Satluj
quality monitoring carried out by reputed (Punjab), Cauvery (Tamil Nadu), Tunga, Bhadra,
institutions such as, IIT, Kanpur, Bharat Heavy Tungbhadra in Karnataka and Waterways of
Electricals Ltd. (BHEL), Patna University, etc. Chennai. The number of monitoring stations
indicates that, water quality of the river Ganga presently are 158 in 10 rivers which include 27
conforms to the prescribed standards in terms stations set up in the upper reaches of Ganga
of key indicators, namely, Bio-chemical Oxygen and 32 stations of Chennai Waterways.
Demand (BOD) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) at
most of the locations, except in the stretch National Lake Conservation Plan
between Kannauj and Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. Objectives
The level of bacterial contamination in terms of
The objective of the Scheme is to restore
fecal coliform however, exceeds the maximum
and conserve the polluted lakes in urban and
197
Fig-29. Phawngpui - The Blue Mountain of Mizoram
semi-urban areas of the country degraded Projects approved under NLCP

due to waste water discharge into the lake. The Ministry is implementing the scheme
The activities covered under NLCP include the of NLCP since June, 2001 for conservation and
following:- management of polluted and degraded lakes
– Prevention of pollution from point sources in urban and semi-urban areas of the country
by intercepting, diverting and treating the where degradation is primarily on account of
pollution load entering the Lakes from the discharge of waste water into the lake, through
entire lake catchment area. an integrated ecosystem approach.The mandate
– In-situ measures of Lake cleaning such as of the NLCP Scheme is pollution prevention and
De-silting De-weeding, Bio-remediation conservation of perennial lakes.
etc. depending upon the site conditions. So far under NLCP, a total of 41 projects
– Catchments area treatment which may for conservation of 61 lakes have been
include bunding, afforestation, storm sanctioned in 14 States at a cost of ` 1031.14
water, drainage, fencing and shore line crore (Annexure-III). Conservation works for
development etc. 27 lakes have been completed so far whereas
– Public awareness and public participation in some cases the project implementation is
in last stages of completion. Funding pattern
– Other activities depending upon location
under NLCP is on a 70:30 cost sharing between
specific conditions including public
the Central and the State Government
interface.
198
NLCP Guidelines N at i o n a l We t l a n d Co n s e r vat i o n

With the experience gained in Programme (NWCP)
implementation of projects sanctioned Brief Objectives
under the NLCP, it was considered imperative
The National Wetland Conservation
to make successive improvements in the
Programme was initiated in 1987 with the
existing system of project formulation and
following objectives:-
implementation. In the process, many of the
eminent experts in the field, concerned State – to lay down policy guidelines for
Governments/Implementing Agencies and conservation and management of wetlands
all relevant stakeholders were consulted. The in the country;
existing guidelines of NLCP have since been – to provide financial assistance for
revised after due incorporation of responses of undertaking intensive conservation
5
State Governments and experts feedback. The measures in the identified wetlands;
revised NLCP guidelines are accessible on the – to monitor implementation of the
Ministry’s website. Programme; and
Budget Allocation – to prepare an inventory of Indian
Budget Allocation for 2012-13 under wetlands
National River Conservation Plan and National Central Wetlands Regulatory Authority
Lake Conservation Plan is given in Table-47. (CWRA)
Names and addresses of implementing Central Government notified the

agencies Wetlands (Conservation and Management)
Rules - 2010 vide notification no GSR-951(E)
The names and addresses of State
dated 4th December, 2010. As per the provision
Implementing Agencies under NRCP is at
under Rule 5 of these wetlands rules, Central
Annexure-V
Wetlands Regulatory Authority (CWRA) has
Table-47. Budget Allocation for 2012-13 under National River Conservation Plan and
National Lake Conservation Plan
(` in Crore)
Sl. Name of the Plan Budget Revised Expenditure by GOI
No Estimate Estimate (November 2012)
1 National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) 7.05 7.05 4.30
2 National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) 187.25 168.25 157.14
3 National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) 512.50 193.50 4.53
3 National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP) 52.50 52.50 52.30
Total 759.30 421.30 218.27
199
been constituted under the chairmanship of Research on various aspects of Wetlands,

Secretary (E&F). The main functions of CWRA Eco-development activities, Education and
are: awareness, etc
– Appraise proposals for identification of To supplement the Management Action
new wetlands. Plans, assistance is also given for research &
developmental activities in various thrust areas
– To enforce the provisions contained
of research which include:
under these rules along with other laws
in force; – Survey and assessment of resources,
– Grant clearances or identify the areas for the Value of wetlands, Hydrological functions
grant of clearance for regulated activities and assessment of associated values,
in the wetlands under jurisdictions; Assessment and conservation of wetland
biodiversity, Anthropogenic pressures
– Issue whatever directions, from time
and natural calamities, Socio-economic
to time necessary for the conservation,
aspects.
preservation and wise use of wetlands to
the State Governments. Progress/Achievements made during
the year
– Review the list of wetlands and the details
of prohibited and regulated activities National Wetland Conservation Programme
under the rules and the mode and (NWCP)
methodology for execution. – During the year 2012-13, Management
Over the years, based on the Action Plans of 36 wetlands were approved
recommendations of National Wetlands and financial assistance released to the
Committee, 115 wetlands have been identified concerned State Governments. So far,
so far for conservation under the National an amount of Rs 10.59 crores has been
Wetland Conservation Programme (Annexure- released (till 31.12.2012) against the total
VI B). allocation of Rs 13.00 crores. Funds were
also released for three ongoing research
The Research projects to supplement
projects under the NWCP.
Management Action Plans (M.A.Ps.) for
intensive conservation on thrust areas of – One meeting of Central Wetlands
research are considered by the Thematic Group Regulatory Authority (CWRA) held under
for conservation of Wetlands and Mangroves the chairmanship of Secretary (E&F).
constituted by RE Division in the Ministry. – One training workshop was to be held
in Shillong for training of senior wetland
Activities under MAPs of identified managers dealing with wetlands in North-
wetlands
Eastern sector. This workshop has been
Main Activities under MAPs of Wetlands postponed and will be organized after
for which funds are provided, include: finalization of new dates.
– Survey and demarcation, Catchment – World Wetland Day- 2012 was organized at
area treatment, Protection measures, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela where Chief
Fisheries development, Weed control, Minister Kerala was the chief guest. This
Wildlife conservation, Pollution abatement, was followed up with technical workshop
200
on “Tourism and Wetlands” which was – India represented Wetlands International

the theme for the year 2012 for Ramsar on the Board of Directors and was elected
Convention on Wetlands. as member of Supervisory Council of
– Under Prime Minister’s Reconstruction Wetlands International twice which is
Plan three wetlands were identified a partner organization of the Ramsar
from Jammu & Kashmir and assistance Convention.
for executing conservation activities in – India is also a partner to the Himalayan
these wetlands was released to State initiatives along with other Himalayan
Government in case of Tso Morari in countries. Himalayan initiative was
Laddakh and Mansar-Surinsar in Jammu. endorsed by the Indian Government in
– Draft guidelines for notification of wetlands 2008.
under the Wetland Rules -2010 were – Indian delegation participated in Ramsar
5
finalized in the meeting held on 03.09.2012 Convention COP11 meeting held at
and will be distributed after its approval Bucharest, Romania from 6th to 13th July,
by the competent authority 2012 and intervened in almost all 22
International issues and Ramsar resolutions passed during the convention.
Convention India’s views on monitoring of Ramsar
sites, strategic plan 2009-2015, suggestions
– 26 sites have already been designated as
for partnerships and synergies with
Ramsar sites in India till date. (Annexure-VI
multilateral environmental agreements,
A). Six more wetlands are under process
their views on socio cultural issues,
of being designated as Ramsar sites.
Fig-30. Rivers Indus (top) and Zanskar (below) confluencing in Ladakh
201
appropriate environmental flows, linking Regulatory Acts/Rules governing the

conservation with poverty eradication, programme and promulgation of new acts
suggestions on climate change in relation Ministry notified Wetlands (Conservation
to wetland on regulations of use of harmful and Management) Rules, 2010 under Part
pesticides considering their ecological II, Section 3- Sub Section (i) of EP Act 1986,
and social implication etc. were highly vide notification no. GSR-951(E) dated 4th
appreciated and incorporated in the final December, 2010. The main provisions under
text. the Rule are as below:
Comparison of progress vis-à-vis that – Criteria for notifying the wetlands for
achieved in the previous year’s supported
regulation under the Rule.
by time series data drafts and chart etc.
– Prohibited activities in the notified
– Total number of identified wetlands has
wetlands.
increased to 115 in 2010 covering 24 states
and two UTs. Five more wetlands have – Regulated activities in the notified
been recommended for inclusion in the wetlands.
list by the Expert Group on wetlands in – Constitution of Central Wetlands Regulatory
the meeting held in the Ministry. Funds Authority.
were released to concerned organizations – Process for identification of wetlands under
for three ongoing research projects. different categories.
State wise status Budget allocation of the scheme during the
115 wetlands covering 24 States and 2 year and progress of expenditure
UTs have been identified under the National An allocation of ` 13.00 crore has been
Wetland Conservation Programme and five made during the year 2012-13 for conservation
more wetland have been recommended for and management of identified wetlands. An
inclusion in the list by the Expert Group on expenditure of ` 10.59 crore has been incurred
Wetlands. till 31.12.2012.
202
203
National Afforestation and Eco - the assistance of voluntary agencies, Non-

Development Board (NAEB) Governmental Organizations, Panchayati
Raj institutions and others and promote
Introduction
participatory and sustainable management
In order to promote afforestation, tree of degraded forest areas and adjoining
planting, ecological restoration and eco- lands;
development activities in the country, the
– Coordinate and monitor the Action Plans
National Afforestation and Eco-Development
for tree planting, ecological restoration
Board (NAEB) was set up in August 1992.
and eco-development; and
Special attention is also given by NAEB to the
regeneration of degraded forest areas and – Undertake all other measures necessary
lands adjoining forest areas, national parks, for promoting afforestation, tree
sanctuaries and other protected areas as well planting, ecological restoration and eco-
as the ecologically fragile areas like the Western development activities in the country
Himalayas, Aravallis, Western Ghats etc. Name of the Schemes
Objectives National Afforestation and Eco-

Development Board (NAEB) operates the
The detailed objectives of the NAEB are
following four major schemes:
to:
(a) National Afforestation Programme (NAP)
– Evolve mechanisms for ecological
Scheme
restoration of degraded forest areas
and adjoining lands through systematic (b) NAEB Scheme: The major components of
planning and implementation; the Scheme are:
– Restore, through natural regeneration or i. Support to Regional Centres (RCs)

appropriate intervention, the forest cover ii. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)
in the country for ecological security and iii. Communication
to meet the fuelwood, fodder and other iv. Grants in Aid for Greening India
needs of the rural communities; Scheme
– Augment availability of fuelwood, fodder, (c) Eco Development Forces (EDF) Scheme
timber and other forest produce on the
(d) Green India Mission
degraded forest and adjoining lands in
order to meet the demands for these (a) National Afforestation Programme
items; (NAP) Scheme
– Sponsor research and extension of Introduction and Objectives
findings to disseminate new and proper It continues to be the flagship scheme of
technologies for the regeneration and NAEB, in so much as it provides support, both
development of degraded forest areas in physical and capacity building terms, to the
and adjoining lands; Forest Development Agencies (FDAs) which
– Create general awareness and help foster in turn are the main organs to move forward
a people’s movement for promoting institutionalization of Joint Forest Management.
afforestation and eco-development with The FDA has been conceived and established
204
as a federation of Joint Forest Management – Capabilit y endowment and sk ill

Committees (JFMCs) at the Forest Division enhancement for improving employability
level to undertake holistic development in the of the rural people.
forestry sector with people’s participation. From Progress and Achievements during the
the year 2010-11, State Forest Development year
Agency (SFDA) has been constituted at the
– Eight hundred (800) FDA projects have
State level to smoothen the fund flow to the
been operationalised so far, since the
FDAs. This decentralized three-tier institutional
launch of the FDA mechanism in 2000-
structure (SFDA, FDA and JFMC) allows greater
01, at an expenditure of ` 2939.73 crores
participation of the community, both in
to treat a total area of 18.88 lakh ha. (as
planning and implementation, to improve
on 31.12.2012). Rehabilitation of shifting
forests and livelihoods of the people living in
cultivation lands have been given specific
6
and around forest areas. The village is reckoned
focus under the programme, and so
as a unit of planning and implementation
far, thirty five jhum projects have been
and all activities under the programme are
sanctioned in North-Eastern (NE) States
conceptualized at the village level. The three-
and in Odisha.
tier approach, apart from building capacities
at the grassroots level, significantly empowers – As on 31.12.2012, `89.36 crore was released
the local people to participate in the decision to State Forest Development Agencies
making process. Under Entry Point Activities, (SFDAs) during the year 2012-13 for
community assets are created with a ‘care and implementation of National Afforestation
share’ concept. The objectives of the scheme Programme (NAP).
are as follows: Year-wise and State-wise progress of
National Afforestation Programme in the Tenth
– Protection and conservation of natural
and Eleventh Five Year Plan and during the
resources through active involvement of
current year is given in Table-48 and Table-49
the people.
respectively.
– Checking land degradation, deforestation
and loss of biodiversity New initiatives under the Scheme
– Ecological restoration and environmental A number of initiatives have been taken by
conservation and eco-development the Ministry to expedite the implementation of
– Evolving village level people’s organization the scheme as well as to improve the qualitative
which can manage the natural resources aspects of implementation. These include:
in and around villages in a sustainable – Stepping-up monitoring and evaluation
manner of the FDA projects by activation of
– Fulfillment of the broader objectives of State-level Coordination Committees for
productivity, equity, and sustainability for NAP, increased field visit by officers, and
the general good of the people expeditious commissioning by the States
– Improve quality of life and self-sustenance of first independent concurrent evaluation
aspect of people living in and around of FDA projects
forest areas – Increased number of training programmes
for the frontline staff and JFM committee
members
205
Table-48. Year-wise progress of National Afforestation Programme (As on 31.12.2012)
Year No.of New FDA No. of New JFMCs Project Area Release
projects approved involved approved (ha.)* (Rs. in crores)
2000-02 47 1843 71068 47.53
2002-03 237 8197 404799 151.26
2003-04 231 7902 282536 207.98
2004-05 105 3404 106743 233.00
2005-06 94 2362 54432 248.12
2006-07 15 494 0 292.75
2007-08 53 3979 493061 392.95
2008-09 13 6598 173435 345.62
2009-10 5 7756 103556 318.17
2010-11 26 SFDA Projects — 57126 309.99
2011-12 26 SFDA Projects — 141448 303.00
2012-13 23 SFDA Projects — — 89.36
(As on 31.12.2012)
* Area approved for advance soil work/preparatory plantations during the year for all ongoing FDA projects.
– Organising district -level interdepartmental of frontline staff of Forest Department and

linkage workshops for promoting linkage JFMC members especially with regard to
of NAP with other developmental local management and administrative
p ro gra m m e s fo r e n h a n c i n g t h e responsibilities
sustainability of JFM National Afforestation and Eco-Development
– Initiating pilot projects for establishing Board (NAEB) Scheme
forest-based microenterprises which will The major component of the scheme
provide experiential learning for scaling-up are:-
such activity with a view to consolidate
the JFM during the Eleventh Plan. i. Support to Regional Centres (RCs)
– Comprehensive amendment in Guidelines ii. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)
of NAP scheme has been made to promote iii. Communication
further decentralization by delegating iv. Grants in Aid for Greening India Scheme
more responsibilities to State Forest
Regional Centres of NAEB
Departments with respect to processing of
the FDA project proposals, greater organic The Board has designated seven Regional
linkage of JFMCs with Gram Panchayats, Centres in various universities/ national
increased security of the elected members level - institutions Dr. Y.S.Parmar University
of JFMCs through longer tenure of JFMC of Agriculture, Solan, Himachal Pradesh,
presidency, capacity building in particular University of Agricultural Science, Bengaluru,
206
Table-49. State-wise status of SFDA projects (from 1.4.2010 to 31.12.2012)
S. No. State Total Cost Amt. Released Approved

Advance Work*
(Rs. in crore) (in Hectares)
1 Andhra Pradesh 40.83 28.34 7794
2 Bihar 13.43 12.40 5647
3 Chhattisgarh 73.39 64.16 9547
4 Goa 0.00 0.00 0
5 Gujarat 84.70 66.95 12910
6 Haryana 47.12 40.32 4245
6
7 Himachal Pradesh 18.10 8.67 4212
8 Jammu & Kashmir 22.61 10.88 4857
9 Jharkhand 50.05 23.84 4815
10 Karnataka 40.81 25.85 9523
11 Kerala 32.00 15.21 3613
12 Madhya Pradesh 86.46 58.04 23219
13 Maharashtra 89.55 53.80 9854
14 Odisha 40.24 21.59 7410
15 Punjab 3.93 1.22 625
16 Rajasthan 22.44 13.05 3700
17 Tamil Nadu 16.77 11.99 2984
18 Uttar Pradesh 68.27 54.37 15775
19 Uttarakhand 26.75 11.09 10225
20 West Bengal 15.36 12.28 5175
Total (Other States) 792.81 534.05 146130
21 Arunachal Pradesh 10.32 7.18 3125
22 Assam 25.84 15.50 0
23 Manipur 28.32 25.71 7849
24 Meghalaya 22.94 15.04 8730
25 Mizoram 32.03 28.87 4970
26 Nagaland 30.72 26.26 10000
27 Sikkim 24.87 23.17 5279
28 Tripura 33.77 26.58 12491
Total (NE States) 208.82 168.30 52444
G. Total 1001.63 702.35 198574
*Approved advance work is updated till 31.04.2012
207
Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal, Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)

Jadavpur University, Calcutta, Agricultural It is proposed to undertake evaluations
Finance Corporation, Mumbai, Agricultural of the ongoing projects and schemes of NAEB
Finance Corporation, Delhi, North Eastern Hill in order to assess achievement against the set
University (NEHU) Shillong. These Centres help objectives, as well as evaluating strengths and
NAEB in promoting extension of replicable weaknesses of various technologies used so
technologies and for dissemination of research that appropriate amendment in the current
findings. They provide technical and extension schemes of NAEB could be made for greater
in effective implementation of regeneration efficiency.
of degraded forests and adjoining lands with
people’s participation and also act as a forum It is also proposed to continue with:
for the exchange of ideas and experiences (a) First concurrent evaluation of SFDA
amongst the States of the region as well as projects under NAP Scheme;
across the regions. In addition, these Centres
(b) Study of tree planting under 20-Point
carry out problem-specific studies as well
Programme in selected districts of India;
as evaluation of NAEB’s programmes in the
field and organize training programmes and A sum of `0.64 crores is the budgetary
workshops focusing on priorities set out by the outlay of 2012-13. Out of which `5.18 lakh has
Board. been released till 31.12.2012.
The work programmes of the Regional Communication

Centres are formulated to address the emerging New technology and methodologies of
needs of promoting sustainability of Joint participatory management, eco-development
Forest Management beyond the NAP scheme and regeneration of degraded forests are
funding. The new areas include training for being progressively developed. In order to
forest-based micro-enterprises, development share such experiences and technologies
of Joint Forest Management Committees, Self widely, NAEB documents such information,
Help Groups, district-level interdepartmental brings out publications and also documents
linkage workshops for synergy of JFM with success stories. This includes print publicity,
other schemes of Government and studies advertisements, audio spots, audio-visual spots
on improved silvicultural practices for and TV commercials in regional and local.
management of non-timber forest products.
During 2012-13 an amount of `1.20 crores
Pilot projects on capacity building for forest
has been provided as the outlay for various
based micro-enterprise have been initiated
items under Communication out of which `5.58
by the Regional Centres across the country.
lakhs has been released upto 31-12-2012.
It is hoped that based on the experience of
these pilots, the forest-based microenterprise Grants in Aid for Greening India Scheme
could be scaled-up as a means of promoting
The Scheme ‘Grants-in-Aid Scheme
sustainable livelihoods of the forest-fringe
providing assistance to Voluntary Agencies
communities. The financial assistance provided
for tree planting’ was started for encouraging
to Regional Centres during financial year 2011-
participation of the interested Non-
12 and 2012-13 (current financial year upto
Governmental Organisations as well as
31.12.2012) is given in Table-50.
208
Table-50. Financial assistance provided to Regional Centres

during financial year 2011-12 and 2012-13
S. Name & Address of State/UTs covered as per MOU Financial Assistance

No. Regional Centre (Rs. In lakh)
2011-12 2012-13 (upto
31.12.2012)
1. Regional Centre for NAEBAgriculture Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, 90.81 76.00
Finance Corporation Ltd. B-1/9, Uttrakhand and UT of Delhi
Community Centre, Janakpuri, New
Delhi-110058
2. Regional Centre for NAEBAgriculture Maharashtra, Gujarat, Goa and UTs 69.94 72.00
6
Finance Corporation Ltd. Dhanraj of Daman & Diu, Dadar & Nagar
Mahal, Ist Floor, CSM Marg, Bombay- Haveli
400001
3. Regional Centre for NAEBNorth Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, 77.00 75.00
Eastern Hill University,Shillong – Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram,
793 014 Nagaland and Tripura
4. Regional Centre for NAEBUniversity Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, 77.31 70.00
of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK Kerala, Tamil Nadu and UTs of
Campus, Bengaluru-560065 Puducherry and Lakshadweep
5. Regional Centre for NAEBIndian Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh 71.81 64.00
Institute of Forest Management, and Orrissa
Nehru Nagar, Post Box no. 357,
Bhopal-462003
6. Regional Centre for NAEBDr. Y. S. Himachal Pradesh, Jammu 55.88 70.00
Parmar University of Horticulture & Kashmir, Punjab and UT of
and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173230 Chandigarh
7. Regional Centre for NAEBJadavpur Bihar, Jharkand, Sikkim, West 68.56 74.00
University, Kolkata-700032 Bengal and UT of Andaman &
Nicobar Islands
Government Institutions. It has been observed paucity of QPM production facilities in the
that for raising tree plantations on lands outside rural areas and low awareness about gains of
forest cover, economic return is the major using QPM. Recognizing these constraints, the
driving force. These could be encouraged if then Grants-in-Aid Scheme was restructured
returns to the growers were made attractive. by incorporating additional components of
The wanting economic returns are largely QPM production facilities and creation of mass
attributed to the low volume and poor quality awareness about QPM. This was renamed as
yield of tree products. The main reason for this “Grants in aid for Greening India” Scheme and
is that the tree growers do not have easy access three aspects expressly stated:-
to quality planting material (QPM) due to both
209
Table-51. Progress under the previous ‘Grants-in-Aid to Voluntary Agencies’ and present Grants-
in-Aid for Greening India Scheme
Year No. of tree planting Expenditure

projects supported * (Rs. in Cr.) **
2002-03 141 4.00
2003-04 251 8.49
2004-05 266 8.97
2005-06 211 11.76
2006-07 109 5.86
2007-08 129 8.48
2008-09 *** 85 3.95
2009-10*** 29 1.05
2010-11*** 7 0.38
2011-12 Nil Nil
2012-13 Nil Nil
* Includes ongoing projects, sanctioned in previous years also.
** Includes grants given for Awareness Generation, High-Tech Nursery and Tree Planting components of the Grants in Aid for
Greening India Scheme.
*** Includes only on-going projects as no new project was sanctioned.
a) Raising mass awareness about QPM and Voluntary Agencies were implementing
tree planting majority of Tree Planting projects.
b) Enhancing the capacity for QPM Eco-Development Forces (EDF) Scheme
production
Eco-Development Forces Scheme was
c) Tree planting with people’s participation
established in 1980s as a scheme being
“Grants in Aid for Greening India” Scheme implemented through Ministry of Defence
has been discontinued w.e.f. 2008-09. The for ecological restoration of terrains, rendered
ongoing projects, however, will continue to be difficult either due to severe degradation or
supported till completion. The Budget Estimate remote location or difficult law and order
for ongoing projects under the Scheme for situation. The scheme of Eco-Development
2012-13 is `0.50 crore. Forces is based on twin objectives of ecological
The scheme is being implemented by regeneration in difficult areas, and promotion
Government Departments, Urban Local of meaningful employment to ex-servicemen.
Bodies, Panchayati Raj Institutions, Public Under this scheme, the establishment and
Sector Undertakings, Autonomous Bodies, operational expenditure on the Eco Task Force
Registered Societies, Non-Profit Organizations, (ETF) Battalions raised by Ministry of Defence
Cooperatives, Charitable Trusts, Voluntary is reimbursed by Ministry of Environment and
Agencies, Registered Schools, Colleges, Forests while the inputs like sapling, fencing,
Universities and State Forest Departments. etc. and also the professional and managerial
210
Table-52. The progress of ETF Battalions during the year 2011-12
Batallion Location No. of Plants Survival Area

plants survived % age Covered
planted (in lakh) (in ha.)
(in lakh)
127 Inf. Bn(TA) Eco Jaunpur District Tehri Garhwal 4.01 4.28 70.00 400
(Uttarakhand)
128 Inf. Bn(TA) Eco Shri Mohangarh District Jaisalmer 4.00 2.92 73.07 500
(Rajasthan)
129 Inf. Bn(TA) Eco Bahu Jindra Project (J&K) 1.20 0.90 75.00 265@
130 Inf. Bn(TA) Eco Pithoragarh (Uttarakhand) 5.00 4.35 87.00 500
6
134 Inf. Bn(TA) Eco Gamani (Assam) 9.10 5.00 55.00 854
135 Inf. Bn(TA) Eco Chirang Res. Forest (Assam) 9.29 8.55 92.00 929
TOTAL 32.60 26.00 3448.00
@ 100 ha. area covered under CAMPA Project
guidance is provided by the State Forest and also other soil and moisture conservation
Departments. In ETF battalions, the Ministry of works.
Defence deploys its ex-servicemen, preferably
Implementing Organization
from within the area of operation, whereas
the nuclear core of the force is constituted of Directorate General of Territorial Army,
regular servicemen. Some of the ETF Battalions Ministry of Defence, New Delhi.
have undertaken successful eco-restoration
Green India Mission
of highly degraded sites, for example the
limestone mining areas in the Mussoorie Hills. The National Mission for Green India is
The progress of ETF Battalions during the year one of the eight missions under the National
2011-12 is given in Table-52. Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).
The Mission for acknowledges the influences
Six ETF battalions are being supported that the forestry sector has on environmental
under the EDF Scheme in the States of amelioration though climate mitigation,
Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Jammu & Kashmir food security, water security, biodiversity
and Assam. Revised Estimate for the scheme conservation and livelihood security of forest
during 2012-13 is ` 20.60 crores out of which dependant communities. The Mission is
`12.60 crores has been reimbursed to Ministry launched to enhance ecosystem services such
of Defence till 31.12.2012. as carbon sequestration and storage (in forests
All ETF Battalions have undertaken and other ecosystems), hydrological services
works like raising nursery and plantation and and biodiversity; as well as other provisioning
protection measures to protect the plantation services such as fuel, fodder, small timber and
area. They have also constructed stone dams non-timber forest products (NTFPs).
211
Objectives of the Mission Van Panchayats, Committees set up under

a) Increased forest/tree cover on 5 mha of Forest Rights Act; Biodiversity Management
forest/non-forest lands and improved Committees etc., will be strengthened as the
quality of forest cover on another 5 mha primary institutions on the ground for nested
(a total of 10 mha). decentralized forest governance in rural areas.
b) Improved ecosystem services including The Mission will invest in the development
biodiversity, hydrological services and of a cadre of community-based change agents
carbon sequestration as a result of from amongst educated community youth.
treatment of 10m ha. These community foresters will facilitate
c) Increased forest-based livelihood income planning, implementation and monitoring of
of about 3 million households living in the Mission activities at the local level. This will
and around the forests. provide skilled employment opportunity to
about one lakh educated community youths.
d) Enhanced annual CO2 sequestration by 50
to 60 million tonnes in the years 2020. Cross Cutting Interventions
Key Core features of the Mission Several cross activities have been
The Mission addresses the qualitative incorporated in the Green India Mission. To
improvement of the forests along with effectively address the livelihood enhancement,
increased to forest cover and focuses on a provision of ` 15-20 lac for each village has
ecosystem services with the emphasis on been envisaged. The wildlife corridors will be
biodiversity, water, improved biomass and indentified and the mission aims at working
carbon sequestration as a co-benefit. It with an array of state holder to maintain the
addresses ecosystem approach and habitat cover and also seeks rapid agency response in
diversity like grasslands, wetlands, pastures, case of crop raiding. The mission also strives to
forests in urban and periurban areas and other support the community conserved area and
critical ecosystems. An important feature of also envisages indentifying and protecting
this Mission is the thrust on landscape based areas/catchments of hydrological importance.
approach in which the interventions at a scale Monitoring Mechanism
of 5000 to 6000 hectares is done at a time which
The Mission will focus beyond input
is prioritized based on criteria including climate
level/activity to outcome level over time
vulnerability. The forest and non-forest areas
by a combination of impact assessment
are simultaneously treated and the drivers of
at the field-unit level and application of
degradation are effectively addressed.
modern technology like Remote Sensing
The local communities will play a key role and GIS. Monitoring under the Mission will
in project governance and implementation help in timely information of planning and
with a bottom up participatory approach. feedback to multiple agencies/stakeholders.
The Mission will bring primacy to Gram Sabha In addition to on-ground self-monitoring by
as an overarching institution to oversee multiple agencies and communities, audit by
Mission implementation at the village level. Government bodies the Mission would support
The committees set up by the Gram Sabha, use of Geomatics (remote sensing with GPS
including revamped JFMCs, CFM groups, mapping of boundaries) for monitoring at the
212
out put/outcome level. In addition, a few pilot Table-53. Statement of funds released for
areas will be intensively monitored to assess preparatory activities during 2011-12
the impact and efficacy of different old and under Green India Mission
new practices, in tandem by the implementing
S. State Funds
agency, the Forest Department, and a support No. released
organization. The Mission will similarly require (Rs. in Lakhs)
that the Gram Sabha carries out a social audit
1 Maharashtra 405.77
of all expenses incurred by the committees
2 Jharkhand 147.00
constituted by the Gram Sabha and these
reports would be shared in the public domain. 3 Kerala 194.60
4 Tamail Nadu 72.15
The Mission Cost
5 Gujarat 133.80
6
Total Mission cost is ` 46000 crores spread
over 10 years, coinciding with the Twelfth and 6 Rajasthan 275.25
Thirteenth five year Plan periods, with the 7 Himachal Pradesh 126.50
year 2011-12 being the preparatory year for 8 Jammu & Kashmir 64.00
the Green India Mission. Green India Mission
9 Odisha 107.50
will partly funded through convergence with
10 Punjab 125.50
schemes/Funds like MG NREGS, National
Afforestation Program (NAP), Integrated Forest 11 Haryana 357.00
Management Scheme; XIII Finance commission 12 Chhattisgarh 972.00
award and schemes of other Ministries in 13 Assam 130.00
the identified landscapes under the Mission.
14 Andhra Pradesh 89.53
Additional funding will be met through
National clean energy Fund, budget support 15 Manipur 40.50
through Ministry of Environment & Forests 16 Nagaland 141.50
and gaps, if any, would be met from external 17 Tripura 350.50
support.
18 Karnataka 267.45
Timeframe 19 Madhya Pradesh 823.50
The actual implementation period of the 20 Uttar Pradesh 119.50
Mission will spread over 10 years, coinciding 21 Uttarakhand 51.00
with the 12th and 13th five year plan periods.
Total 4994.55
The preparatory phase of the Mission will be
devoted to carrying out institutional reforms,
setting up of the Mission organisation, Approach to meet the objectives
identification of sub-landscapes/areas for As stated earlier decentralized Forest
the Mission interventions, identification of Governance and Polycentric approach has
partners, and awareness and capacity building been envisaged with the Supremacy of Gram
etc., Sabha and its Committees and the revamped
Joint Forest Management Committees (JFMC)
to be the committees of Gram Sabha. The State
213
Forest Development Agency (SFDA) and Forest An allocation of `50 crore was set aside
Development Agency (FDA) will be revamped from the National Clean Energy Fund for
to facilitate implementation by Gram Sabha, the preparatory year 2011-12 which has
strengthened capacity of forest department to been released to 21 states for 71 landscapes
assume new roles. Other stakeholders like the involving 708 Villages. The state wise release
NGOs and Schools/Colleges will be involved details are given in the Annexure. The
in the implementation of the mission. Private interventions in the preparatory year include
sector partnership is short especially in agro micro planning, entry point activities, nursery
forestry, institutional lands, abandoned mines. development, landscape identification
Convergence with existing programs and other awareness and outreach, etc., The funding for
Missions and research in field of carbon capture the major interventions would be based on the
potential by forest types, adaption options etc. perspective plans of these landscapes.
will also facilitate effective implementation of
the mission.
214
215
Environmental Research – To promote development of infrastructure

facilities, where necessary, for undertaking
Research and Development (R&D)
Environmental Research.
Introduction – To nurture trained scientific manpower and
The Ministry of Environment and Forests recognize established scientists through
is classified as a ‘Scientific Ministry’ under the National Fellowship programmes, Chairs,
Government of India. Since its inception in National Environmental Sciences Fellows
1985, the Ministry has been funding research Programme and Post Doctoral Fellowship
through grant-in-aid projects to many Programme
research institutions in different areas under – To generate document and analyze
the broad ambit of environment protection information for taking policy decisions
and management. The Ministry has brought relating to environment and natural
out Guidelines for Support to Environmental resources, including preparedness for
Research in the year 2006. The Ministry has international negotiations.
taken a number of new initiatives to strengthen
– To facilitate database management at one
scientific research in the area of environmental
single point in the Ministry.
sciences. Some of these include institution
of National Environmental Sciences Fellows Revised Guidelines for Suppor t to
Programme, Mahatma Gandhi Chair in Ecology Environmental Research
and Environment, etc. The overall objective of During the year 2012-13, Ministry
the R&D Scheme of the Ministry is “to promote brought out new “Guidelines for Support to
basic and applied research in various facets of Environmental Research” which inter alia,
ecology and environment.” provide details on type of research projects
which would be sponsored by the Ministry,
Objectives
broad thrust areas of research, eligibility criteria,
The main objectives of research support scope and coverage of research grants, criteria
are: for selection of projects, concept of public
private partnership in R&D projects, procedure
– To generate information and knowledge
for invitation, submission, appraisal, monitoring
required for developing strategies,
and review of research project alongwith
techniques and methodologies for better
norms of funding. The Guidelines also include
environmental management.
the terms and conditions governing research
– To find practical solutions to problems of
grants.
environment protection and management
(e.g. Eco-regeneration of degraded The revised guidelines aim to provide
areas, management of plastic wastes, scientific impetus to the R&D efforts of the
bioremediation of contaminated sites Ministry and address new and emerging
etc.). environmental challenges. The revised
Guidelines also provide a framework to make
– To build endogenous capacities and
research in the areas of environment and
strengthen scientific manpower in
ecology more productive by emphasizing on
multidisciplinary and emerging areas of
outputs and outcomes. The Research projects
environmental Sciences.
216
are to be supported in the identified thrust Programme (EcRP) and Research Programme in
areas in the following two modes:- Socio-Economic issues of Environment (RPSE).
These Committees would recommend projects
Invited Proposals: Proposals will be
for consideration of the Apex Committee.
invited under this category by the Ministry
through a transparent procedure of an The following new initiatives have been
open advertisement. Selection, among the proposed to be launched in XIIth plan under
proposals received in response, will be made the R&D Scheme:
competitively on the basis of their technical – Post Doctoral Fellowship Programme in
soundness including research credentials of the Environment and Ecology,
proposed research team and their envisaged
– Chair in the name of an eminent scientist in
outcomes.
frontier areas of environment and ecology
7
Commissioned Proposals: Depending upon and
specific needs of the Ministry or to focus – Launching of online tracking and
research efforts on important areas of ecology monitoring system for new research
& environment, the Ministry may directly projects and database of research
commission research studies to one or a projects
network of empanelled universities, research
Programme-wise Progress and Activities
institutions, NGOs, Government ventures,
public and private sector institution identified Environmental Research Programme
on the basis of their recognized capabilities (EnvRP)
in the concerned area through a transparent The EnvRP specifically deals with the
process. “Brown Issues”, i.e. problems related to pollution,
The Ministry could also directly climate change, hazardous waste management,
commission, through a transparent process, agro-chemicals, waste minimization and reuse,
All India Coordinated Research Programmes carrying capacity studies, development of
through multi-disciplinary and inter- ecofriendly and cleaner technologies providing
disciplinary approach involving a group of scientific inputs to address policy problems
institutions on a specific subject of topical relating to environmental pollution control
interest to the Ministry as identified by and management, ecological restoration and
brainstorming meeting(s) with experts on the bioremediation, environmental health and
subject. toxicology etc.
During the year an Apex Committee on The 1st meeting of the Committee was held
Research in Environment has been constituted during 17-18 December, 2012, where progress
to inter-alia provide over all direction to the of 15 ongoing projects was reviewed and mid-
research endeavours of the Ministry in the course corrections were suggested on case to
broad area of ecology and the environment. The case basis. The Committee also appraised 28
Ministry has constituted Programme Advisory new projects received under the Environment
Committees for three identified research Research Programme (EnvRP), out of this 3
programmes viz. Environmental Research were recommended to the Apex Committee for
Programme (EnvRP), Ecosystems Research funding, 2 Principal Investigator’s (PIs) called
for presentation for their respective proposal
217
Reviewers for their comments. The second

meeting of the Committee was held on 4th -
5th February, 2013, where new proposals were
taken up for appraisal and for recommendation
to the peer reviewers.
During the year 2012-2013, Six projects
were completed. Details are at Annexure-II.
Research Programme in Socio-Economic

issues of Environment (RPSE)
This programme supports research on
Fig-31. A view of Apatani plateau in Arunachal Pradesh environmental and ecological economics,
socio-economic issues arising out of extant
before the Advisory Committee, 2 proposals as well as new contemplated legislation (s),
requested to incorporate suggestions in the tribal, rural, urban issues vis-a-vis legislation,
revised proposals and 3 proposals were sent to role of gram panchayats and civil society in the
Expert Peer Reviewers for their comments. The implementation of environmental legislation,
second meeting of the Advisory Committee etc. The 1st meeting of the Committee was
was held on 6-7 February, 2013, where new held on 7th February, 2013, where new
proposals will be taken up for appraisal and for proposals were taken up for appraisal and for
recommendation to the peer reviewers. recommendation to the peer reviewers.
Ecosystems Research Programme (EcRP) All India Coordinated Programmes in
The Ecosystem Research Programme identified research priority areas
(EcRP) deals with “Green issues” relating to The Ministry also formulated and launched
ecology, conservation of natural resources, All India Coordinated programmes. The All
Eastern and Western Ghats, aquatic and India Coordinated programme would focus on
terrestrial ecosystems, Mountain ecosystems, particular priority area of research identified
tropical rainforests, wetlands, mangroves and either by the concerned Programme Advisory
coral reefs, biosphere reserves, biodiversity Committee or Apex Committee of Research.
and the study of inter-relationships between
During the year an All India Coordinated
man and environment and seeks to generate
Research Project on Sacred Groove Ecosystem
scientific knowledge needed to manage
Services Assessment (SGESA) has been
natural resources wisely.
launched. There are 15 centres under the
The 1st meeting of the Committee was project all over the country. The project is
held during 22-23rd November, 2012, in which progressing well. The list of the projects is at
progress of 17 ongoing projects was reviewed Annexure-__.
and mid-course corrections were suggested
on case to case basis. The Committee also National Environment Protection Training
and Research Institute (NEPTRI)
appraised 33 new projects received under
Ecosystem Research Programme (EcRP) out The National Environment Protection
of this 21 projects were sent to Expert Peer Training and Research Institute (NEPTRI) would
218
be a joint venture between the Ministry and Abu and Sultanpur under the Environment
Government of Andhra Pradesh. The Detailed (Protection) Act, 1986. The Zonal Master
Project Report (DPR) for the establishment of Plan / Area Development Plan for all notified
NEPTRI, as joint venture, has been approved / to be notified environmentally sensitive
by the Ministry. The processing of SFC memo areas would be prepared by the concerned
for the upgradation of Environment Protection State Governments as per the provisions of
Training and Research Institute (EPTRI) to the respective notifications involving local
NEPTRI as joint venture between the Ministry communities / experts and shall be approved
and Government of Andhra Pradesh is by the Ministry for regulating development
underway. activities and protection and conservation of
Entities of Incomparable Values. Monitoring
High Level Working Group to study the
Committees with representatives of
preservation of the ecology, environmental
7
Government, Experts and local representatives
integrity and holistic development of the
Western Ghats in view of their rich and as per the notifications would be constituted to
unique biodiversity ensure compliance of approved Zonal Master
Plans / Area Development Plan.
The Ministry has constituted a High Level
Working Group under the Chairmanship of Dr. K Programmes / achievements made during
Kasturirangan, Member, Planning Commission the year
to inter alia examine the Western Ghats The following final notifications were
Ecology Expert Panel Report in a holistic and published during the year:
multidisciplinary fashion keeping in view the
comments received from the concerned State – Area around Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary,
Governments/Central Ministries/Stakeholders Gujarat, S.O. 1260(E) Dated 31st May
and other related important aspects such as 2012.
preservation of precious biodiversity, needs and – Area around Narayan Sarovar Wildlife
aspirations of the local and indigenous people, Sanctuary, Gujarat, S.O. 1257 (E) Dated
sustainable development and environmental 31st May 2012.
integrity of the region, climate change and – Area around Purna Wildlife Sanctuary,
constitutional implications of centre-state Gujarat, S.O. 1259(E) Dated 31st May
relations and to recommend further course of 2012.
action to the Government.
– Area around Vansda National Park, Gujarat,
Ecologically Sensitive Areas S.O. 1258 (E) Dated 31st May 2012.
Introduction – Area around Bandipur National Park,

Karnataka, S.O. 2364 (E) Dated 4th October
Environmentally Sensitive Zones may be 2012.
defined as areas with identified environmental
– River Bhagirathi from Gaumukh to
resources having “Incomparable Values”
Uttarkashi as Eco-Sensitive Zone in
which require special attention for their
Uttarakhand, S.O. 2930(E) Dated 18th
conservation. The Ministry has already notified
December 2012.
Ecologically–sensitive areas in respect of
Matheran, Mahableshwar-Panchgani, Mount An Expert Committee has been constituted
to examine and assist the Ministry in preparing
219
the final notifications on Eco Sensitive Zones to appraise the research projects submitted
be issued under the Environment (Protection) in identified thrust areas.
Act, 1986 and Environment (Protection) Rule, – As per New Guidelines for Support to
1986 for a period of five years. The Committee Environment Research-2012 the Ministry
will also examine the zonal master plans of the has invited research proposals in identified
Eco Sensitive Zones submitted by the State thrust areas through open advertisement,
Governments/UTs as per the provisions of the the last date of receipt of application was
Eco Sensitive Zone Notifications. 31.12.2012. The Ministry has received
Financial Progress for Year 2012-13 (till 31st about 800 projects, which are under
December, 2012) consideration.
The total allocation for R&D Scheme – 5 meetings of the Programme Advisory
during 2012-13 is ` 6.50 crores (RE). The entire Committees have been held in which
amount would be utilized for ongoing and new about 45 new projects were considered
projects based on the recommendations of and three meetings are scheduled to be
the Thematic Expert Groups. Funds have also held during February 2013.
been utilized for final settlements of accounts – Under R&D Scheme 20 new research
for completed projects during current financial projects have been initiated and 19
year 2012-13. research projects have been completed
in different programmes of RE-Division
Achievements during the 2012-13 (till 31st and their outcomes of some of them have
December 2012)
been published & disseminated among
– New Guidelines for Support to Environment scientific community as well as displayed
Research-2012 giving the procedure, in the Ministry’s web-site.
format, thrust areas and terms & conditions – About 50 applications have been received
of the grant, etc. have been published and under the National Environmental Sciences
displayed on Ministry’s web-site for public Fellowship Programme in response to
information. the advertisement and these are being
– Standing Finance Committee (SFC) Memo processed.
for continuation and Modification of the – The ‘Mahatma Gandhi Chair for Ecology
ongoing Research and Development (R&D) and Environment’ which was set up earlier
Scheme from 11th Five Year Plan (FYP) to at the Centre for Biodiversity Studies, Baba
12th Five Year Plan has been approved. Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri,
– During the year an Apex Committee J&K continued during 2012-13.
on research in environment has been – Revised guidelines for Pitambar Pant
constituted to inter-alia provide over all National Environment Fellowship Award
direction to the research endeavours of and Dr. B.P. Pal National Environment
the Ministry in the broad area of ecology Fellowship Award giving the procedure,
and the environment. format and terms & conditions have
– During the year, Three Programme Advisory been prepared and under press for
Committees have been constituted for publication.
different programmes of the RE-Division to
220
– New initiatives viz. Post-doctoral Fellowship NNRMS under the Chairmanship of Secretary
Programme (PDFP) to encourage and (E&F) with Members from concerned line
nurture young scientist to continue working Ministries / Departments. It has so far met
in the areas related to environment and 26 times. About 114 projects addressing key
ecology and Establishment of a New Chair environmental and ecological issues covering
in the name of Distinguished Scientist in eco-system inventorying and monitoring,
the area of Environment and Ecology has desertification, environmental impact
been initiated under the R&D Scheme. assessment, coastal land use and landform,
National Natural Resource Management snow and glaciers, wetland inventory and
System (NNRMS) assessment etc. have been sponsored. Of these,
84 projects have been completed. Some of the
The scheme National Natural Resources
mega projects undertaken and completed
Management System (NNRMS) of the Ministry
7
under this programme include the following:
is part of an umbrella scheme of the Planning
Commission – Planning Committee – National – Forest Type Mapping on 1:50,000 scale
Natural Resources Management System (PC- of Entire Country Coordinated by Forest
NNRMS) and is in operation since, 1985. The Surveyof India (FSI).
main objective of PC-NNRMS is utilization of – Mapping of Wildlife Sanctuaries and
remote sensing technology for inventorization, National Parks on 1:25,000 scale
assessment and monitoring of country’s Coordinated by Wildlife Institute of India
natural resources. A Standing Committee on (WII).
Bio-resources and Environment (SC-B) has – Coastal Studies (Land use, Mangroves,
been constituted by the Planning Commission Coral Reefs, etc.) for entire Indian Coast
under the Chairmanship of Secretary (E&F) (1:25,000 scale)
with the following objectives:
– Snow & Glaciers mapping of entire
– Optimal utilization of country’s natural Himalayas (1:250,000/50,000 scale)
resources by having a proper and Coordinated by Space Application Centre
systematic inventor y of resource (SAC), Indian Space Research Organisation
availability. (ISRO)
– Reducing regional imbalances by – National Wetland I nventor y and
effective planning and in tune with the Assessment (1:50,000 scale) Coordinated
environmental efforts. by SAC (ISRO)
– Maintaining the ecological balance with National Wetland Information System
a view to evolve and implement the and National Coastal Zone Information System
environmental guidelines. in GIS Platform have been developed and is
To fulfill the above objectives, the PC- being extensively used in wetland notification
NNRMS has constituted different Standing implementation and Coastal Regulation Zone
Committees for various themes in concerned (CRZ) implementation.
Ministries. The Standing Committee on Bio- In order to streamline the projects
resources and Environment (SC-B) is one of NNRMS SC-B has reconstituted Technical &
the Standing Committees constituted by PC- Financial Sub-Committee to scrutinize/review
221
all the proposals submitted for funding under has been reconstituted to appraise the
NNRMS SC-B from the technical and financial research projects submitted under NNRMS
angle. Only those proposals recommended by programmes.
the Sub-Committee are taken up by NNRMS, – As per New Guidelines for Support
SC-B for financial assistance. The Committee to Environment Research-2012, the
also oversees and monitors the progress of Ministry has invited research proposals
sanctioned projects. under NNRMS Scheme through open
The potential user agencies for utilizing advertisement on MoEF web-site, the
the outcome / information generated in the last date of receipt of application was
projects sanctioned by the Ministry under 31.12.2012. The Ministry has received
NNRMS programme are the Central Government about 50 projects, which are under
Departments / Agencies and the Ministry of consideration.
Environment and Forests itself including the – During the year 2012-13 under NNRMS
various organizations under its administrative programme, 04 new research projects
control like FSI, Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), have been initiated, 06 research projects
Botanical Survey of India (BSI) etc. have been completed and their outcomes
of some of them have been published &
Financial Progress for Year 2012-13 (As on
disseminated among scientific community
31st December, 2012)
as well as displayed on the Ministry’s web-
During the financial year 2012-13, the site.
financial outlay under NNRMS Scheme is
– A first-ever publication “Forest-Type Atlases
` 6.15 Crores (Revised Estimate) and the entire
of India” has been brought out by the
amount would be utilized for ongoing and
Forest Survey of India under the NNRMS
new projects based on the recommendations
Programme of the Ministry. This is based
of the Technical & Financial Sub-Committee of
on the Champion & Seth classification
NNRMS SC-B and final approval of the Standing
(1968), which is the standardized forest
Committee on Bio-resources and Environment
type classification system used in India.
of NNRMS (SC-B). Servicing and funding is
The Forest Type Atlases contains maps
being provided to 29 ongoing projects.
that would provide a scientific and robust
Achievements during the 2012-13 (up to basis for valuation of forest and thus would
31st December 2012) be a practical application while enforcing
– Standing Finance Committee (SFC) Memo provisions of Forest conservation Act 1980,
for continuation of the ongoing National particularly in determining NPV of forest.
Natural Resources Management System Forest type maps would also be useful in
(NNRMS) Scheme from 11th Five Year the studies of impact of climate change
Plan (FYP) to 12th Five Year Plan has been on forest and biodiversity.
approved by the Ministry. – A book on “Coastal Zones of India” has
– During the year the Technical & Financial been brought out by the Space Application
Sub-Committee of National Natural Centre, Space Application Centre (ISRO),
Resources Management System (NNRMS) Ahmadabad under the MoEF sponsored
on Bio-resources and Environment SC-B project under the NNRMS Programme of
222
the Ministry. This book is an outcome of the The Institute designs and implements R&D
national project on “Coastal Zone Studies” activities on priority environmental problems;
undertaken by the ISRO at the behest of develops and demonstrates best practices and
Ministry of Environment & Forests. The delivers technology packages for improved
project addressed the various aspect livelihood options for the people of IHR. The
of the Indian Coastal Zone, including identified thematic categories for Institute
preparation of baseline information on R&D activities include: (1) Watershed Processes
CRZ inventory of coastal land use including and Management (WPM), (2) Biodiversity
ecologically sensitive areas for the entire Conservation and Management (BCM), (3)
Indian coast as 1:25,000 scale. These maps Environmental Assessment and Management
have been extensively used by the state (EAM), (4) Socio-economic Development
environment department and the MoEF (SED), (5) Biotechnological Applications (BTA),
7
in providing environmental clearances and (6) Knowledge Products and Capacity
and in implementing CRZ notification. Building (KCB). Research, demonstration and
The book provides information covering dissemination are underlying elements of all
the following: (i) Inventory of the coastal project activities geared towards development
land use along with demarcation of HTL/ of environment-friendly technology packages.
LTC and Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESAs). In addition GBPIHED also provides guidelines
(ii) Mapping and monitoring of coral reefs with policy implications.
and mangroves (iii) impact of sea level rise
Objectives
on the Indian Coastal Environment and (iv)
development of Coastal Zone Information The Institute has three broad objectives:
System (CZIS). – To undertake in-depth research and
G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan development studies on environmental
Environment and Development, Kosi- problems of the Indian Himalayan
Katarmal, Almora Region;
Introduction – To identify and strengthen the local
G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan knowledge of the environment and
Environment and Development (GBPIHED) was contribute towards strengthening
established in August 1988 by the Ministry of researches of regional relevance; and
Environment and Forests, Government of India, – To evolve and demonstrate suitable
as an autonomous Institute, with a mandate technology packages and delivery systems
of achieving sustainable development and for sustainable development of the region
environmental conservation in the Indian in harmony with local perceptions.
Himalayan Region (IHR). The Institute Progress/Achievements made during the
attempts to execute its mandate through year
its Headquarters located at Kosi-Katarmal,
– Integrated Decision Support System
Almora (Uttarakhand), and four regional Units
(DSS) has been developed for generating
located at Mohal - Kullu (Himachal Pradesh),
water supply scenario for different years
Srinagar-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Pangthang
till 2030 for Upper Kosi watershed as
(Sikkim) and Itanagar (Arunachal Pradesh).
a pilot model. A pilot scale model of
223
participatory water harvesting and supply Developing a Transboundary Framework

scheme is developed to cater the need for Conser vation and Sustainable
of 20 households in Chauna hamlet of Development in the Greater Mt. Kailash
Pachchisi village (Almora district) of the Region of China, India, and Nepal’
watershed. – Showcasing on the richness,
– Development of a sacred landscape Representativeness and Uniqueness of
model for eco-restoration and biodiversity Himalayan Biodiversity through side events
conservation accomplished in Koli and exhibition during the Convention
Dhek village of district Champawat, of Parties (CoP-11) at Hyderabad during
Uttarakhand. October 8-19, 2012. The events included
– Database was strengthened for air quality (i) Managing Biodiversity in Transboundary
monitoring and aerosol climatology over Landscapes in the Hindu Kush Himalayas
north-western Himalayan region. jointly with International Centre for
Integrated Mountain Development
– Towards promotion of ecotourism
(ICIMOD), Kathmandu (October 12, 2012);
through home stay operations and linking
(ii) Conservation of Pollinators for Improved
biodiversity conservation with livelihood,
Livelihoods and Enhanced Ecosystem
a consultative workshop was organized on
Services jointly with Food and Agriculture
May 3, 2012 by North Eastern (NE) Unit
Organisation (FAO), Rome (October
of the Institute. Consultation was largely
18, 2012); (iii) Showcasing of richness,
focused on the preparation of guidelines
representativeness, uniqueness and life
for home stay operations, which can be
support values of Himalayan Biodiversity
further utilized by the state government as
(October 8-19, 2012) in CEPA fair, and (iv)
one of the means of improving livelihood
participation in “Citizen – Science” forum
security of the locals.
organized by Earthwatch Institute (October
– Organization of an International workshop 10, 2012), etc.
cum discussion meeting entitled
– Preparation of a compendium on Indian
‘Individuals and Groups’ to explore
Biosphere Reserves as an updated baseline
possibilities of understanding theories
on the status of reserves.
of group and individual behaviour was
organized by the Institute in collaboration – The participatory action Research and
with Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru Training Centers (RTCs) at Head Quarters
during May 22-31, 2012. (Kosi-Katarmal) and Triyuginarayan played
catalytic roles in capacity building of the
– Taxonomic capacity building of regional
user groups on various rural technologies,
researchers was attempted through a six
either introduced or developed by the
day on site training cum workshop on
Institute.
“Taxonomy of Insect Pollinators“ during
26-31 May, 2012. – Execution of community based natural
resource management project for the
– Development of a long term
promotion of livelihood through large
implementation plan for execution of
scale plantation of horticultural crops
transboundary project ‘Kailash Sacred
bringing more than 60 ha of land under
Landscape Conservation Initiative:
224
7
Fig-32. Projected supply and demand scenario of Kosi watershed
plantation of large cardamom (Amomum – To address water sustainability at mid-

subulatum) and another 15 ha of land elevation Himalayan watersheds, daily
under orange (Citrus reticulata) and kiwi discharge was recorded in selected villages
(Actinidia deliciosa) by the communities in of northern part of the Kosi basin. Based
Arunachal Pradesh. on the results, it is predicted that under
Research and Development present water availability pattern in-stream
Achievements storage, urban water demand for the
months of April – June can be satisfied only
Group 1: Watershed Processes and
upto 2024. Water demand of June cannot
Management (WPM) & Knowledge Products
be met fully beyond 2024 (Fig-32) even
and Capacity Building (KCB)
after small in stream storages as practiced
Watershed Process and Management today. Monsoon season storage (using
(WPM) and Knowledge Products and Capacity large water retaining structure above 5
Building (KCB) are two major thematic thrusts m height) may be required to satisfy the
of this group. Through its WPM theme, group water demand in future.
focuses on studies of ecosystem processes
operational at the watershed level, including
the involvement of user groups and upstream- – The R&D interventions for the maintenance
downstream linkages, with an overall aim of and strengthening of the Sacred Landscape
strengthening of mountain specific resource Model (SLM) in 14.3 ha degraded
management practices using a systems community land at 1745m elevation in
approach. The KCB theme conducts activities Kolidhek village (Lohaghat) of Uttarakhand
that lead to enhancement of Institutional revealed the following: (a) The site has
outreach, based on its research products such been dedicated to Mother Goddess ‘Kali’ by
as state-of-the art methodologies/approaches, the villagers of Kolidhek and has become
models, policy briefs, etc. Achievements of this one of the religious sites; (b) The site
group include: has also become one of the sources of
income generation as the farmers/women
225
W o u n d H e a lin g 3 documented. In order to link this knowledge

with commerce, therapeutic properties of
H y p o g ly c a e m ic 3
H e p a to p ro te c tiv e 4
A n ti- u lc e r o g e n ic 4
A n ti- v ira l 3 most of the ailments were attempted and
A n tio x id a n t 12
A n ti- m ic ro b ia l 14 a total of 101 therapeutic properties have
A n ti- in fla m m a to r y 13
A n ti- h y p e r te n s iv e
A n ti- fu n g a l
4
7
been identified. Antimicrobial property
A n ti- d ia b e tic
A n ti-d ia rr o e a l
3
4
was possessed by a large number of
A n ti- c a n c e r
A n ti- b a c te r ia l
11
11
medicinal plants (Fig-33).
– Towards monitoring of snow and glaciers
Fig-33. Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants used by
the traditional vaidyas and village elders in Upper Alaknanda in the Himalayan Region, Gori valley and
valley (Bar indicated number of species) Dhauliganga region were selected (Fig-34).
IRS, LISS-III data indicated that the total
of 76 families (6 villages) collected almost number of glaciers in 2001 in Dhauli Ganga
20 MT of green fodder from the project region was 47 and the total area occupied
area in a year; (c) Eco-physiological health was 328.92 km2 in the same year, which
and leaf energy exchange characteristics has been found to be reduced to 326.88
of 20 promising tree species revealed km2. This means a 0.99% loss of area in 9
suitability of under-temperature plants for Years. In Gori valley, a total of 75 Glaciers
afforestation on the exposed slopes of the were digitized in 2001 with a total area of
mountains. 199.32 km2, which got reduced to 196.68
– Analyses of the energy use patterns km2, and the total loss was reported to be
revealed a rapid reduction in the watermills about about 1.32% in one decade.
in Uttarakhand region. As per record, a – For the quantification of tectonic
total of 15,499 watermills were present in deformation field in the Himalayan region,
the state, however, during this year only functional operation of permanent and
45% were working with an operational campaign mode GPS stations have been
efficiency of 10-15%. Of the total, 600 initiated. Daily up keep and data collection
watermills have been upgraded in the state
by UREDA with an increased efficiency
of 40-50%, which provides additional
livelihood opportunities either through
mechanical power generation or electro-
mechanical operations. This has the
advantage of generating 5kW power more
than the traditional ones, which generate
only 0.5-1.5kW.
– Restrengthening of Indigenous Knowledge
(IK) and culture provides the basis for
enhancement of conservation practices;
78 traditional herbal formulations used
by the village elders for treatment of

human ailments and 8 formulations for Fig-34. Map showing campaign sites along Kathgodam to
the treatment of cattle diseases were Dung transect and Kali valley transect
226
from permanent GPS stations has been than the cereal based traditional farming
continued and V-SAT connectivity for data practice prevalent in the region.
transfer from permanent GPS stations – Forest ecosystem services in the central
is under progress. The preparation for Himalayan mountains using Oak and
campaign mode study has started and Pine forests for their relative contribution
field survey has also been conducted for revealed that Oak forests are rich in tree
finding the status of campaign stations. layer diversity (Shannon Wiener index)
Group 2: Socio Economic Development (1.6 vs. 0.23) as compared to Pine forests.
(SED) & Environmental Assessment and Density of tree layer in Oak forests was
Management (EAM) high (1160 ind. /ha) as compared to the
The group includes two themes: (i) Socio Pine forests (1090 ind/ha). The total basal
Economic Development (SED) which focuses area of tree layer of Oak forests (60.75
7
on activities, such as livelihood enhancement, m2/ha) was also found to be more than
sustainable tourism, entrepreneurship and the Pine forests (54.11 m2/ha). Tree layer
self employment, indigenous knowledge, and biomass (595 vs. 223 t/ha) and carbon
socio-economic and cultural implications, (298 vs. 111 t/ha) stored in Oak forests
migration, etc; and (ii) Environmental was recorded to be higher as compared
Assessment and Management (EAM) to Pine forests. Carbon sequestration rate
targeting on activities such as hill specific was recorded to be slightly higher in Pine
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), forests as compared to Oak forests (7.46
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), vs. 6.79 t/ha/yr).The total monetary value
valuation of ecosystem services, climate change of carbon stock (@ ` 4160/tC) in standing
impacts, disaster mitigation and management, above ground biomass was computed
and environmental management of urban `12,39,680/ha for Oak forests and
areas, etc. The highlights of the R&D work `4,61,760/ha for Pine forests. Monetary
include the following: value of carbon sequestration was thus
recorded to be higher for the Oak forests
– In-depth assessment of farming systems as compared to Pine forests (` 31,034 vs.
and their economic potential in the 28,246 /ha/yr).
western Himalayan region was undertaken
– Under the impact of urbanization on solid
to identify issues and options for rural
waste management and air pollution,
income diversification (on-farm and off-
ambient air quality (AAQ) was measured
farm). Five promising farming practices, i.e.,
in different towns of Himachal Pradesh.
floriculture, mixed multi-layer vegetable
Within ambient air, particulate pollutants
cultivation, dairy farming, horticulture
like TSP (particles <100 µ), PM10 (particles
and integrated farming practices of the
<10 µ) and gaseous pollutants like SO2,
region were studied. Input:output ratio
NO2 and NH3 were monitored on diurnal
of these improved and somewhat “recent”
basis starting from midnight (0 hr) up to
farming practices were estimated to be:
morning 8 hr, than from 8 to 16 hr in a
floriculture (1:5), horticulture (1:65) and
day and finally16 hr to again midnight
mixed multilayer vegetable cultivation
(24 hr IST). Many times the concentration
(1:7), which were found to be greater
of particulate pollutants was found to be
227
Table-54. Air pollution levels at Hamirpur, Kangra and Chamba towns in Himachal Pradesh
Study Season/ Concentration of different pollutants (in µg m-3)

towns duration
TSP PM10 SO2 NO2 NH3
Hamirpur Pre-monsoon 159.8±18.7 55.0±3.3 0.51±0.1 7.23±0.8 9.08±1.1
Post-monsoon 196.0±18.8 111.7±4.6 0.98±0.2 17.40±1.9 20.30±3.6
Kangra Pre-monsoon 73.5±7.3 49.2±6.0 0.39±0.1 6.34±0.4 12.32±1.1
Post-monsoon 153.3±9.8 113.5±7.5 2.02±0.4 11.20±1.0 15.50±2.5
Chamba Pre-monsoon 143.5±19.3 39.6±2.8 0.47±0.1 6.28±0.4 6.52±1.0
Post-monsoon 151.4±15.0 58.2±4.4 1.22±0.1 16.00±1.4 12.60±1.9
above their permissible limits (i.e., TSP 200; 2011 (Fig. _). Linear mapping of Tourist
PM10 100 µg/m3) at the three studied sites. Inflow (Y) for the subscripted period
However, the gaseous pollutants were against time (X) - Y2004-11 = 1212017
found to be well below their permissible (X-2003) + 4546102; R-sq=0.958, tcoff
limits (i.e., SO2 80; NO2 80; NH3 400 µg/m3). = 11.74, p=.00002, suggests an average
The variation amongst these parameters growth of 1212017 tourists per year. This
between different towns and seasons was also suggests the influence of tourism on
also recorded (Table-54). income generation of the local people.
– The tourist inflow statistics for the Himachal – In order to understand the aerosol
Pradesh state were compiled and analyzed climatology over nor thwestern
for a broader understanding of its nature Indian Himalayan region, conducted
and trend-patterns. The inflow profile for investigations have revealed maximum
the period 2004 -11 suggests nearly 2.5 aerosol optical density (AOD) for the year
times increase in tourist inflow from 6.55 2011 and minimum for the year 2007, and
million in 2004 to almost 15.09 million in thus showed 36.36% increase at 500 nm

Fig-35. Profile of annual inflow of tourists to Himachal Pradesh (2004-11).
228
during these years (Fig-36a). Similarly, the

average value of AODs for forenoon (FN)
and afternoon (AN) at ten wavelengths
during the same period showed an increase
in AOD values from FN to AN at 500 nm
(52.38% and the overall increase: 45.16%;
Fig-36b). Monthly mean value of α and β
under the clear sky days was calculated
and showed the maximum α value as
1.12 in February 2011 and minimum
value 0.76 in December. α and β values
were found to be inversely proportional
7
(Fig-36c). The monthly mean Black Carbon
Fig-36. Aerosols at Mohal: (a) AOD, (b) FN and AN AOD,
Aerosol (BCA) concentrations at Mohal was (c) monthly mean values of alpha (α), beta (β), and
maximum (4592 ngm-3) in January, 2011 (d) monthly mean BCA concentration
and minimum (1161 ngm-3) in May, 2011

(Fig-36d). The BCA concentration generally model has been put in to practice in three
showed increase with the increase in districts of Arunachal Pradesh under the
activities like biomass burning, forest fire CAMPA programme.
and vehicular emission. – Detailed study on the adoption/adaptation
– For understanding the impact of policies on of different options of improved livelihoods
shifting agriculture in the northeast region and management of natural resources
of India, studies were initiated. Among the during the last 15 years revealed that
policies analysed, North East Forest Policy, the farming system, as a whole, is under
2001 revealed many positive aspects; and it stress. Access to natural resources has been
acknowledges the need for increasing food reduced, which has negatively impacted
production and stressed on the mandatory on overall farming system in the study
requirement of 33% and 66% forest cover areas. The major problems identified
for nation and hill areas, respectively. On are shrinking water sources and basins,
the negative side, the policy failed to sectoral approach of the developmental
recognize shifting cultivation as a system projects, weak backstopping, poor access
of food production and a part of forestry to science & technology know how, weak
system; it also encouraged to utilize jhum project withdrawal strategies and absence
land for development activities and the of structured monitoring and evaluation
practice to be replaced with other practices system. Marketing aspect, which was a
which may result in marginalization major hurdle of the farming system, has
of cultivable land and increased social been addressed through the establishment
tension. The model on ‘Integrated Agro- of ‘Sunday Markets’. The State Mandi
Horti-Silvicultural Cultivation’ developed Parishad has started construction of
under the project has been adopted by permanent sheds which will be provided
Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh to address to the progressive farmers.
various issues in shifting agriculture. The
229
Considering the benefits of tree-crop

farming system in climatically suitable
regions of the area, cultivation of large
cardamom has been promoted in 29.5
ha of land. Towards policy contribution,
draft guidelines on Homestay and CCA
have also been developed for the state.
– An attempt to link biodiversity with the
Fig-37. Adoption and monetary benefits to the cultivators of
flower & MAPs of Champawat district livelihood of Arunachal Pradesh was
intiated, which revealed that floral diversity
– Enhancement of livelihood security of the area leads to the fulfillment of high
using cultivation of medicinal plants dependency of various clans of Monpa
and floriculture in Champwat area of and Sherdukpen tribes on the natural
Kumaun Himalaya showed a positive resources, in terms of food supplements,
impact. A total of 18.22 quintals of raw for fodder, fibre, material for construction
materials of selected MAPs and 147000 & handicrafts, beverages, colouring
spikes of cut-flowers were harvested by agents (dyes) and more importantly for
farmers in three clusters after the fourth health care practices. Based on their
year of cultivation. This has resulted in utility and importance, different plants
encouraging monetary benefits after have got different cultural values and
marketing to the traders in the local hierarchy. Documentation of 20 plant
market (Fig-37). Over 9 ha of community species preferred by Sherdukpen tribe was
land, under different clusters, has been done and these were further analyzed.
rehabilitated through establishment of Eight plant species were culturally
well tested prototypes during the period important and 12 were found to be of
adopting CBNRM approach. religious importance. Various animal body
– To conser ve biodiversity through parts that are being traditionally used by
community based natural resource Monpas in various aspects, e.g., as food,
management approach, 15 BMCs were therapeutic purposes, traditional medicine
constituted in Apatani plateau of Arunachal and for storing various food grains and
Pradesh and adopted by the Arunachal products were also documented. Various
Pradesh Biodiversity Board (APBB). This traditional institutions and their role in
has strengthened the continuity and the management of agricultural systems
better functioning of the BMCs, with a amongst Monpas and Sherdukpen have
defined pathway for the existence of the also been documented.
BMCs after the exit of the project. About Group 3: Biodiversity Conservation and
57 ha and 20 ha land have been brought Management (BCM) & Biotechnological
under Taxus wallichiana and Michelia Applications (BTA)
champaca plantation, respectively, in the The group includes two thematic
project villages. In addition, 500 number areas (i) Biodiversity Conservation and
of Castanopsis spp. were also planted Management (BCM), and (ii) Biotechnological
at ‘Siikhe-Bo’ CCA in Apatani plateau.
230
30.0
(NDBR), Uttarakhand; Nargu Wildlife
Genera (no.)
Families (no.)
Sanctuary (NWLS), Himachal Pradesh;
25.0
Species (no)
Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve
20.0
(KBR), Sikkim; and the proposed Tawang-
West Kameng Biosphere Reserve, Arunachal
Number
15.0
Pradesh. A trend of plant diversity

10.0
distribution (species, genera and families)
5.0
in one of representative sites has been is
0.0
presented (Fig-38).
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Altitude (m)
– To promote sustainable utilization of
Fig-38. Number of species, genera and families for different high value species, suitable methods
study sites along altitudes in Yemtaar-Sukochuli-Neytham for drying of Valeriana jatamansi have
7
transect in Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve
(West Sikkim) been optimized, and the potential of
their utilization in industrial sector was
highlighted. Among the two different
Applications (BTA); the aim is to ensure long conditions (shade and hot air oven at
term conservation of sensitive Himalayan 45°C), higher phytochemicals and more
biodiversity elements and improvement in the antioxidant activity in plant parts (leaves
rural economy of the Indian Himalayan Region. and rhizomes) dried in the hot air oven
Highlights of the R&D work carried out under at 45°C were found (Table-55).
this group are as follows:
– Attempt was made to develop database of
– Under the response assessment project, vascular plants of Western Himalaya in the
data sets on various aspects of biodiversity electronic form, a total of 640 specimens
especially those suggesting/indicating belonging to 456 species, 193 genera and
changes were strengthened with respect 40 families were digitalized and suitably
to Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserves edited. These specimens have been
Table-55. Effect of drying conditions of plant parts on

antioxidant phytochemicals of Valeriana jatamansi.
Antioxidant Plant Oven dry Mean Shade dry Mean LSD

phyto- source Aerial Root Aerial Root (P<0.05)
chemicals Part Part
(mg/g dry
weight)
Phenol Wild 10.99 12.79 11.89 7.44 6.21 6.82 2.33
Planted 18.44 7.66 13.05 10.13 7.56 8.84
Flavonoid Wild 4.34 4.19 4.26 5.51 4.66 5.08 4.11
Planted 4.40 4.45 4.43 6.89 4.60 5.75
Tannin Wild 3.13 2.94 3.03 2.96 2.74 2.85 3.26
Planted 3.09 2.65 2.87 2.90 2.53 2.71
231
The valid names have been incorporated

in the data sheet. The complete data sets
of 640 specimens have been entered as
per GBIF format and the digitalized images
have been incorporated along with the
data sets.
– Towards promoting the use of Ginkgo
biloba in pharmaceutical industries,
antimicrobial activities against different
organisms were conducted; it was found
that bacteria are the most sensitive to
antimicrobial substances, followed by
actinomycetes and fungi. Methanolic
extracts exhibited maximum activity,
followed by ethyl acetate and n-buatnol
extracts. The results obtained in minimal
inhibitory concentration (MIC) experiments
were found to be in line with those
Fig-39. Calico flower (Aristolochia littoralis) obtained from antimicrobial activity plate
– commonly used in traditional medicine assays.
housed in the herbarium of GBPIHED. The – Propagation protocols, multiplication and
nomenclature was authenticated with the field evaluation of selected species for the
help of relevant floras and monographs. production of quality planting material
a b
f
e
Fig-40. Propagation of Z. armatum and A. subulatum. (a) Seedlings obtained following acid treatment to Z. armatum seeds,
(b) saplings of the same in pots under green house conditions, (c) multiple shoot formation in Z. armatum following culture on
MS medium supplemented with growth regulators, and various stages during in vitro propagation of A. subulatum (d-f ).
232
were carried out. In case of Zanthoxylum vs. P. pelatum (American May apple)]
armatum large number of plants were appears to be paraphyletic (Fig-41). Of
obtained following seed treatments with the 60 RAPD markers, 4 were able to
different concentrations of sulphuric acid clearly differentiate the species. These
after 140 days (Fig-40 a&b). Nodal explants markers were eluted and cloned in Eco RI
taken from branches of Z. armatum site. Podophyllum hexandrum germplasm
trees were multiplied in MS medium collected from Kullu, showed high amount
supplemented with auxins and cytokinins; of podophyllotoxin (1.5%) as compared to
following shoot proliferation and further P. sikkimensis (0.336%).
multiplication, different treatments were B. Application of R & D Outputs in
provided to induce root formation in Demonstration and Dissemination:
these shoots (Fig-40c). Multiple shoots
Capacity building through Rural Technology
7
of A. subulatum were cultured on the MS
Center (RTC)
medium supplemented with different
concentrations of cytokinins. Shoots were – The participatory action research and
multiplied, rooted, hardened and planted training centers (RTCs) at Triyuginarayan
in soil; over 1000 plants are now ready for and Kosi have received wide popularity and
field transfer (Fig-40d-f ). played a catalytic role in capacity building
of the user groups on the utility of various
– In order to characterize different species
rural technologies, either introduced
of Podophyllum, 20 AFLP markers used in
(and locally modified) or developed
the study showed 88.01% polymorphism
by the Institute. A total of 30 on-site
amongst the species and the paired
training, capacity building and awareness
relationship of intercontinental species
programmes were conducted for various
in the Podophyllum group [P. hexandrum,
stakeholders at HQs and Triyuginarayan.
and P. sikkimensis (Indian May apple)
More than half (53%) training/awareness
programmes were for farmers/officials
selected by Govt. organizations, 21% for
NGOs, 15% for students, and 11% were in
relation to institute programmes. A total
of 933 persons (285 female, 648 male
farmers) from 11 districts and 161 villages
under this initiative in the reporting period
(Table-56).
– The capacity building programme at
Triyuginarayan has made significant
contribution in the field of off-season
vegetable cultivation and bioprospecting
of wild bioresources. More than 170
Fig-41. Principle component analysis (PCA) amongst 35
genotypes of three species of Podophyllum. PP1-10 progressive farmers of 15 villages have
(P. peltatum), PHM1-10 (P. hexandrum-Munsyari genotypes, started off-seasonal vegetable cultivation
Uttarakhand), PHK1-8 (P. hexandrum-Kullu genotypes,
Himachal Pradesh), PS1-7 (P. sikkimensis). using low cost polyhouses. The economic
233
Table-56. Training organized for different users
Users Total Male Female

Farmers selected by Govt. organizations 319 272 47
Farmers selected by NGOs 144 72 72
Institute programme 352 225 127
Students 118 79 39
Total 933 648 285
Districts covered 11
Villages covered 161
benefits by selling vegetables during the cardamom (Amomum subulatum), and

period 2009-12 have increased many fold. another 15 ha of land under orange (Citrus
Similarly, more than 96 youth/people reticulata) and kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) by
of about 7 villages have adopted value the communities in Arunachal Pradesh.
addition practices for wild bioresources – Towards certification of the raw material
and their income has been increased of medicinal plants grown by the farmers
significantly, while selling the eco-tourism and local producers of the area, a quality
related products in the local market. assurance laboratory has been established.
– Promotion of livelihoods have been In the initial phase prioritized medicinal
achieved through large scale plantation plants of Uttarakhand will be taken up for
of horticultural crops by bringing in more developing chemical profiles.
than 60 ha of land under plantation of large
Table-57. Cost-benefit analysis of wild herbal spices.

Plant species Input (Rs/kg) Output (Rs/kg)
Cost of raw Other Cost of local Net return after
materials expenditure value added value addition
(grinding/ spices at the local
packing & level
labour )
Allium stracheyi 210+5.7 30+2.2 470+11.6 230+6.1
Allium humile 230+7.7 40+2.9 500+13.2 230+8.3
Allium rubellium 230+6.4 40+1.8 500+15.3 230+8.3
Angelica glauca 300+16.1 40+3.2 550+22.6 210+5.1
Pleurospermum angelicoides 300+14.6 40+2.1 560+23.7 210+7.2
Rheum emodi 300+14.6 50+3.8 560+23.7 210+7.2
Carum carvi 250+14.6 40+4.7 500+23.7 210+7.2
Cinnamomum tamala 35+0.9 30+1.2 150+10.6 85+2.2
234
– Under the demonstration programme water, and the quantification of volatile

spices from local areas and plants were compounds of soil and plant samples. The
developed and their cost-benefit analysis heavy metals in the water and soil samples
after value addition revealed that various have been detected through Atomic
products made from about 7 plant species Absorption Spectrophotometer (Make-
provide higher economic returns and could Varian AA280Z, equipped with graphite
be a good source of economic upliftment in tube atomizer). For the quantification of
rural areas of higher altitudes (Table-57). aromatic and volatile compounds, institute
– Institute has also strengthened facilities of has facility for gas chromatography
physico-chemical, biological, heavy metal (make- Chemito, Ceres 800+). Institute
analyses of drinking water, raw & waste is also having the facility of detection
7
Progress of R&D Activities
Prioritized R&D activities

R & D Themes Research Demonstration Dissemination
Environmental Status • Land and water resources • Capacity
Assessment and assessment, monitoring of building/ skill
Monitoring climate sensitive areas development
• Eco-Restoration and
• Studies on dynamics of sensitive conservation
biodiversity elements (species/
habitats)
• Impact of development
initiatives on natural systems
• Resource-use surveys for rural • Arboretum, herbal
planning gardens, multipleuse
garden and Vriksh • Networking
• Documentation of IKS and
Vatika
database development
Environmental • Strengthening conservation of
Conservation and priority areas/species
Management • Eco-restoration of degraded • Livelihood options
sites/areas
• Factors and processes for
mountain hazard management • Testing/development
• Publications /
• Microbial diversity, potential of IHR specific
documentation
application & culture collections technologies
Developmental options/ • Resource management
strategies/ plans interventions
• Propagation of economically
important plants
• IERP for IHR
235
Table-58. The core competence / services available with GBPIHED
Competence Services
• Village Environment Action Laboratory Analysis
Plan (VEAP)
• Plant, soil, water and air quality
• Meteorological data analysis
• Natural Resource Assessment
& Management • Biochemical investigations on medicinal/edible plants
• Microbiological and biotechnological experimentation
Capacity Building
• Water Resource Conservation
• Natural resource management
• Nature protection and conservation education
• Biodiversity Characterization
and Monitoring • RS/GIS training
• Training on low-cost rural technologies
• Documentation of IKS • Disaster management
• Doctoral/Masters and Graduate level dissertations
• Environmental Physiology Consultancies
and Plant Adaptation
• Water resource management – catchment area protection
• Hydropower - EIA/EMP
• Biotechnological and
Microbiological Applications • Project formulation on bioresources
• Watershed management strategies
• Environmental Impact • Environmental guidelines and monitoring plans for watershed

Assessment & Environmental management
Management Plans • Landscape planning for mountain risk engineering
• Biodiversity assessment and Monitoring

• Wasteland Development/
• Impact of agricultural diversification
Restoration
Other Services
• Resource Mapping for Rural • Gene bank and identification of plants

Planning and Management • Know how for propagation of elite planting
• Institutional Networking material of selected herbs & multi-purpose
trees (MPTs)
• Library & Information, and dissemination through books, journals,

periodicals, etc.
236
of C, H, N & S through CHNS-O analyzer (IGNFA), Dehradun, Indian Plywood Research

(make- Elementar, Vario EL-III) and UV- and Training Institute (IPIRTI)- Bengaluru,
Vis spectrophotometer (make- UV 5704, Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM)-
Electronics corporation of India Ltd.) Bhopal, Indian Council of Forestry Research
for soil, water & plant analysis. The & Education (ICFRE)- Dehradun. The scheme
Institute has extended these services to of Capacity Building includes training of
other organizations (NGO’s and other members of Indian Forest Service, State
Government Organization) on payment Forest Service, Range officers, Forest Guard
basis. etc. Awareness program through short term
– Based on the participatory discussion, training training/workshops/study tours for personnel
manuals on various technology packages of various departments such as police, revenue,
have been prepared, and distributed to the custom, agriculture, etc. are also one of the
7
farmers and user groups. component of the capacity building scheme.
Training of other stakeholders like Panchayat
– Throughout the year, the R&D findings
Members, elected representatives, teachers,
of the Institute were disseminated
social activist, NGOs, and Media personnel is
through publication of research papers in
also arranged by various institutions under the
scientific journals and magazines, popular
capacity building schemes. The RT- Division is
articles and books and through Institute
also implementing externally aided project on
publications: Pt. G.B. Pant Memorial
“Capacity Development for Forest Management
Lectures by eminent thinkers and scholars,
& Training of Personnel (IDP.199)”.
Hima-Paryavaran (Biannual-Newsletter),
ENVIS Bulletin, ENVIS Newsletter, Himalayan Following two umbrella schemes are
Biosphere Reserve Bulletin (Biannual) by being implemented by RT division through
Lead centre, and Annual Report. various institutions/ organisations.
– Based on the competence gained over the Grants in aid to Forestry & Wildlife
years on different aspects of mountain- Institutions
specific environment and development
This scheme is a merged scheme of four
issues, the Institute is equipped to extend
ongoing central sector“Grants-in-Aid Schemes”
services in diverse sectors; some of the
of Ministry of Environment and Forests. The
areas have been given in Table-_.
individual schemes of 10th Five Year Plan which
Forestry Research have been merged include:
Introduction – Grants-in-aid to Indian Council of Forestry
Research & Training Division (RT) is a Research & Education (ICFRE), Dehradun.
nodal division for two major central sector plan – Grants-in-aid to Indian Institute of Forest
schemes namely “Grants-in-Aid to Forestry Management (IIFM), Bhopal
& Wildlife Sector” and “Capacity Building in
– Grants-in-aid to Indian Plywood Industries
Forestry Sector”. This division looks after the
Research and Training Institute (IPIRTI),
administrative, financial and other matters
Bengaluru.
of four research & training institutions viz.
Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy
237
Indian Council of Forestry Research & – Rain Forest Research Institute (RFRI),
Education (ICFRE), Dehradun Jorhat
Indian Council of Forestry Research and – Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI),
Education (ICFRE), an apex body in the national Jodhpur
forestry research system, has been undertaking – Himalayan Forest Research Institute (HFRI),
the holistic development of forestry research Shimla
through need based planning, promoting,
– Institute of Forest Productivity (IFP),
conducting and coordinating research,
Ranchi
education and extension with the emerging
issues in the sector, including global concerns Advanced Research Centres under the
such as climate change, conservation of Council are:
biological diversity, combating desertification – Centre for Social Forestry and Eco-
and sustainable management and development Rehabilitation (CSFER), Allahabad
of resources. – Centre for Forestry Research and Human
Topical research by the Council enhances Resource Development (CFRHRD),
the ability of forest managers and researchers Chhindwara
to successfully handle challenges related to – Forest Research Centre (FRC), Hyderabad
natural resources management. The council – Advanced Research Centre for Bamboo
also imparts forestry education through and Rattans (ARCBR), Aizawl
Forest Research Institute (FRI), a Deemed
Indian Institute of Forest Management
University, supports forestry education in
(IIFM), Bhopal
Agricultural Universities and organize training
programmes for the personnel of the State Established in 1982 as an Autonomous
Forest Departments and other stakeholders in Institution under the Ministry of
the field of forestry and allied sectors. Environment & Forests, Govt. Of India, the
IIFM was conceptualised in response to
Evaluation of the Scheme: Indian Council of recommendations of National Commission
Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) has on Agriculture (1972). Further in 1974, Govt.
eight Regional Research Institutes and four of India accepted the recommendations of
Research Centers located in different bio- Food and Agriculture Organization of the
geographical regions of the country to cater to United Nations and Swedish International
the forestry research needs of the nation. Development Agency. Besides, emphasis on
Research Institutes under the Council are: renewable national resource system under
Business Management was also suggested
– Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun
by Ford Foundation. All this necessitated the
– Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree creation of Autonomous Institute to provide
Breeding (IFGTB), Coimbatore a formal identity in the field of Management
– Institute of Wood Science and Technology Education in Forest & Allied Sectors.
(IWST), Bengaluru
Recognizing the need, Government of
– Tropical Forest Research Institute (TFRI), India entered into agreement with Indian
Jabalpur Institute of Management, Ahmadabad, to
238
share the responsibility of establishing an The Institute constantly endeavours to keep in

independent and Autonomous Institute. The touch with the problems of people, especially
impetus generated by the recommendations the forest dwellers and undertakes need-
culminated in an alliance with the Indian based research. The Institute tries to serve as a
Institute of Management, Ahmadabad (IIMA) reservoir of knowledge in forest management
with the establishment of programme office and ensures proper integration of external
at Indian Institute of Management (IIM), and indigenous knowledge suitable to Indian
Ahmadabad during 1978 – 1981. The first, context. The specific objectives of the Institute
Ten Years Perspective Plan (1981 to 1991) are:
of IIFM was prepared by IIM Ahmadabad. In
In consideration of the major objectives,
August 1981 the programme office was shifted
the vision of the Institute has been translated
at Bhopal and IIFM Society was registered
into the following mission statement:-
7
on 15th January 1982. The current/second
perspective plan (2006-2016) of IIFM is under – To serve different stakeholders of forestry,
implementation and gives tremendous environment, and Development sectors
thrust on increased research, expansion of and the society, in general, through
educational programmes, increased national development and dissemination of
and international linkages along with knowledge, human resource development
supporting infrastructure and resource base through its education and training
for effective implementation. activities, and providing assistance in
formulation and advocacy of relevant
Since it’s establishment, in 1982 as an
policies and strategies,
autonomous institution of the Ministry of
Environment & Forests, the Institute has – To be a national institution with
developed as an educational, research, international perspective and outreach,
training and consultancy organisation at and
national as well as international level. The IIFM – To build culture of excellence, achievement,
aims to provide leadership in professional cooperation and service within a framework
forestry management aimed at environmental of strong ethical patterns of behavior
conservation and sustainable development of informed by universal values.
Ecosystems. This institute is also trying to be Indian Plywood Industries Research &
among the leading international institutions Training Institute (IPIRTI), Bengaluru
in the area of forest and related environment
IPIRTI was established for undertaking
development management and be respected,
research and development of technologies for
both nationally as well as internationally, for
plywood and panel products made from wood
it’s outstanding contributions in the field of
and other lignocellulosic materials including
education, training, research, consultancy, and
plantation timber, bamboo and other natural
thought leadership.
fibres. The technologies developed have been
The Institute, as a sectoral management made available to the forest based industries
institute, imparts education in forest (mostly plywood manufacturing units) and
management, which is a judicious combination other stakeholders. Institute is also responsible
of management, social, and forestry sciences. for providing training to meet human resource
239
development needs for plywood and other good governance, managing of non-timber
allied industries. IPIRTI is also a recognized forest products for addressing livelihood
Institute from Bureau of Indian Standards concerns of local communities, effective
(BIS) for undertaking testing and formulating leadership and conflict resolution, impact of
standards related to wood based panel global warming and climate change on forests
products. and biodiversity, geographical information
system – a decision tool for forestry planning
Capacity Building in Forestry Sector
and management, captive management of
It is a Central Sector Scheme formulated wild animals, eco-tourism assessment and
by merger of different existing, Central Sector development, economics of conservation areas,
Forestry Training Schemes into a single Scheme enhancing the effectiveness for implementation
with additional components. The Planning of government policies and programmes,
Commission approved the merger proposal wildlife management – issues, concerns
in principle at an outlay of `110.00 crores and practices, eco-tourism – strategies for
for the Eleventh Five Year Plan and Cabinate success, learning lessons from externally aided
Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) projects, conservation and development of
approved the scheme along with additional medicinal plants, natural resources accounting,
Externally Aided Projects (EAP) component bamboo resource development for livelihood
of `225.00 Crore from Japanese International generation for tribal and rural communities,
Cooperation Agency. role of forestry in conservation, development
and management of water resources, role
Training of IFS Officers
of agro-forestry in increasing tree cover etc.
This scheme is for capacity building of Besides this, IFS officers are also sponsored to
Indian Forest Service (IFS) officers through pursue long-term training courses in the areas
sponsoring of short-term refresher courses of interest offered by premier institutions of
of one/two week(s) duration in the premier the country.
institutions in the country for keeping them
up to date on latest technologies, new ideas In addition to sponsoring short-term
and change of the attitude for managing the refresher courses for the IFS officers, it is
natural resources of the country. The institutes proposed to continue sponsoring 1-3 day
organize specialized tailor-made courses training workshops and seminars for the
on various topics/themes as decided by the IFS officers on emerging topics of regional,
Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). national and international importance
The courses cover a wide range of topics like professionalizing the forestry service,
relating to management and administration of water conservation, training curricula and
forests, wildlife and environment and general effectiveness review, forest invasive species,
administration in the government. The topics bio-prospecting, interventions required for
include human resource development, financial scientific management of Non-Timber Forest
management including micro-financing, Produces (NTFPs) and livelihood concerns of
environmental impact assessment & auditing, local communities, changing needs of forestry
joint forest management, intellectual property administration and management etc. The
rights issues in forestry, policy and legal issues, training workshops/seminars will be sponsored
in the premier institutions/organization in the
240
country depending upon their expertise in a State Forest Service and Ranger’s College
particular field/discipline. The Directorate of Forest Education, a
Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy subordinate office directly under the Ministry
(IGNFA), Dehradun of Environment and Forests has been involved
in capacity building of forestry personnel of
IGNFA was constituted in the year 1987 by
the states and union territories in the country
renaming the erstwhile Indian Forest College
other than IFS since 1991. The forestry training
vide Ministry of Environment and Forest order
institutes under the direct administrative
No. 1-6/87-RT dated 25.05.87. This Academy is
control of the Directorate of Forest Education
engaged in imparting induction training to IFS
are:
(Probationers) and in service training of one
week/two week/three weeks to the in-service – Central Academy for State Forest Service,
officers. Academy has also started professional Dehradun (Uttarakhand)
7
skills upgradation training for the officers – CentralAcademy for StateForest Service,
promoted to Indian Forest Services from Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu)
State Forest Service (SFS) and officers of other
– CentralAcademy for StateForest Service,
services including judiciary. Brief objective/
Burnihat (Assam)
activities of the Academy are as under:
– Eastern ForestRangersCollege, Kurseong
– Conducting initial training of IFS (West Bengal)
probationers extended over a period of
The mandate of the Directorate of Forests
three years (changed to two years from
Education is :
2005).
– Organizing Professional skill upgradation – To ensure ‘Standard and quality’ of training
training programme for officers of SFS being imparted to the forestry personnel
promoted into IFS. of all levels other than Indian Forest
Service personnel.
– Conducting compulsory course for in
service IFS officers at middle/senior – To help develop ‘Capacity and Infrastructure’
level. of desired standard for training of various
levels of personnel in forestry sector other
– Organizing thematic seminar/workshop
than IFS.
on relevant sectoral issues.
– To assist develop appropriate and relevant
– Conducting Advanced Forest Management
training modules/ content/evaluation
Courses for in service officers with 10, 17
formats for forestry training at various
and 21 years of service in IFS.
levels of personnel.
– Organizing Senior Foresters Workshop
– To sensitize the stakeholders about
for senior IFS Officers of 50 years (retired
forestry and forest conservation through
foresters) and 30 years of service.
conducting custom made training
– Conduc ting M id Career Training modules.
Programme for IFS officers of 7-9(Phse-III),
– To assist Government of India and State
16-18(Phase-IV) and 26-28 years (Phase-V)
Governments to develop training
of service.
policy for efficient human resource
241
management and development. and local environmental concerns. Presently

– To assess the ‘Changing Training Needs’ of there is no scheme for providing opportunities
forestry personnel for quality and standard to forest officers, working in the States and
training. under the CSS and non CSS posts of MoEF
and the autonomous institutions of the MoEF,
– To ensure a pool of professionally
for undergoing courses/participating in
competent and qualified Forestry
study tours/workshops in foreign institutions
Personnel.
organizations. This component for foreign
Training of Personnel of Other Services training of IFS and SFS Officers and also for
Personnel of Police, Revenue, Customs, providing opportunities to them (including the
Agriculture, Horticulture, Soil Conservation, Forest Range Officers (FROs) for participating
Animal Husbandry, Tribal/Rural Development, in international seminars, workshops and
Judiciary, Public Health Engineering etc., have study tours abroad on emerging issues and
an interface with forestry sector. Sensitization challenges in forestry sector is therefore,
of these departments through in-service proposed.
training of their personnel will be covered
Training of other Stakeholders
under this component. It is proposed to
organize awareness programmes in the form Forest Management in India is in a
of short-term trainings, study tours, seminars transitory stage moving from traditionally
and workshops in the institutions under the centralized forest management to participatory
government as well as in the private sector. forest management. In traditional system of
The trainings can be organized at two levels control, regulations and policing the forests
one for the senior officers (Group A/class I) at have alienated the people from developing
IGNFA/Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy a sense of belonging to the forests. There is
of Administration (LBSNAA)/WII/Customs a need to sensitize other stakeholders for
Academy or any other reputed training institute conservation of these natural resources. As
and the other one for the class II/class III state such, under this component, it is proposed
level officers at the State ATIs/Forest Training to organize/sponsor a number of specially
Institutes (Regional) and institutions under designed short-term courses, study tours,
ICFRE etc. For participation in these courses, a workshops and seminars on various aspects
provision has been kept for meeting expenses of forest and environmental conservation
on TA/DA in the budget proposals. for different stakeholders which may include
NGOs, students in educational institutions,
Foreign Training of Forestry Personnel nature clubs/eco-clubs, panchayats, elected
Present-day foresters have to deal with public representatives, personnel from banking
non-technical issues e.g. inter-sectoral policy institutions, social activists, press and media
and programme linkages. Also, the forestry persons etc.
personnel need to keep themselves abreast
Ca p a c i t y D eve l o p m e nt fo r Fo re s t
of the technological advances in the fast Management and Training of Personnel
changing world to address the changing
requirements of the developing societies as It is a Central Scheme (in a project mode)
well as the various global, regional national to be implemented with the assistance of a
242
loan component to be provided by the JBIC as – West Bengal

reimbursement. – Mizoram
The scheme is not location specific and is – Arunachal Pradesh
intended to be implemented, gradually, in all – Nagaland
the States/UTs of the country. However, in the
The project is for the human resource
first phase, due to limited project money, JBIC
development of forestry personnel and the
and MoEF have decided to limit the coverage
infrastructure development to meet these
of the scheme in the following Twelve States:
human resource development needs. As such
– Assam the output of the project is going to be in
– Bihar the form of (i) infrastructural up-gradation/
– Chhattisgarh creation of new infrastructure for the forestry
7
training schools/institutes of the country and
– Jharkhand
(ii) enhanced output of the training schools/
– Kerala institutes, quantitatively by the number of
– Madhya Pradesh trainees trained and qualitatively, by the quality
– Maharashtra of training inputs. The estimated physical
– Uttarakhand targets for (i) & (ii) are given in Table-_.
Table-59. Estimated Physical Targets
Items Activities Physical targets

(i) Infrastructural upgradation/ • Rehabilitation of Training • No of State Forest Training
creation of new infrastructure Institutes/Schools of target Institutes (SFTIs) to be
(Rehabilitation of Training states. rehabilitated: 27 No of STIS to be
Institutes/Schools) newly constructed: 3.
• Improvement of Infrastructure
of SFSC (Central Academy for • One
State Forest Services - CASFOS)
Dehradun.
(ii) Activities for Strengthening of
Training System.
(a) Qualitative inputs • Creation of Steering Committee • One each.
and Project Monitoring Unit
(PMU).
• National-1 State- 10.
• Revision of Training Guidelines.
• State-20.
• Preparation of sample course
materials and teaching notes.
(b) Qualitative yield (improved). • Master Trainers (MT) Training. • 40 (MTs).
• Training of Trainer (TOT). • 100 trainers.
• Training for Field Staffs (TOF). • 1500 trainees/year.
243
The RT- Division is implementing externally – National Training Guidelines for frontline
aided project on “Capacity Development For staff are under revision.
Forest Management & Training of Personnel The plan for the next six month include
(IDP.199)”. During last one year– following activities-
– Capacity freezing for trainees of frontline – Completing 2 DPRs and their approval
staff done for 11 states and 20 existing and expeditiously and Visit to Nagaland for
2 new State Forestry Training Institutes. guiding the DPR preparation
Nagaland has been included as 12th state
– Inclusion of Himachal Pradesh and Goa
in the project and capacity has been
after due formalities
frozen.
– Persuading remaining States to engage
– Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) of 18
their State Consultants
existing SFTIs have been sanctioned and
80% of the sanctioned amount transferred – Conducting ToT in 11 States and Sikkim
to SFDAs of concerned states.DPRs of 2 and Conducting new MT Development
new SFTIs (one for Bihar and one for WB) Program for new states and left out
are under consideration in the Ministry. PMTs
– 50 Potential Master Trainers (PMT ) – Monitoring of project activities in states.
from 11 participating states (Arunachal
Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhatisgarh,
Indian Council of Forestry Research and
Jharkhand, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh,
Education (ICFRE), Dehradun
Maharashtra, Mizoram, Uttarakhand and Introduction
West Bengal) and Sikkim (included only
Indian Council of Forestry Research
for soft component) are identified from
and Education (ICFRE), an apex body in the
the originally nominated more than 100
national forestry research system, has been
officers from state cadres
undertaking the holistic development of
– Out of 50 PMTs, 41 PMTs from 11 States forestry research through need based planning,
and Sikkim are given intensive training promoting, conducting and coordinating
on Training Methodologies who will in
research, education and extension covering
turn conduct Training of Trainers (ToTs)
all aspects of forestry. The Council deals
for faculties of SFTIs of their respective
with the solution based forestry research in
states
tune with the emerging issues in the sector,
– Each PMT prepared Lesson Plans for 2 including global concerns such as climate
Lecture Hours on forestry subjects of change, conservation of biological diversity,
syllabus for frontline staff combating desertification and sustainable
– National level consultants are in position management and development of resources.
and State Level Consultants are in place in Topical research by the Council enhances
Kerala, Maharashtra and MP already and public confidence in the ability of forest
under process in rest of the states. managers and researchers to successfully
– Renovation /new construction are in handle challenges related to natural resource
progress at Kerala, Maharastra, Andhra management.
Pradesh, Assam, MP etc.
244
Objectives – Thrust Area 5: Forestry Education and

– To undertake, aid, promote and coordinate Policy Research to Meet Emerging
forestry education, research and their Challenges
applications – Thrust Area 6: Forestry Extension for
– To develop and maintain a national library Taking Research to People
and information centre for forestry and – National Project Directors (NPDs) have
allied sciences been nominated in all six thrust areas to
– To act as a clearing-house for research and oversee the implementation and execution
general information related to forests and of national programmes.
wildlife – Projects in the form of All India Coordinated
– To develop forestry extension programmes Projects (AICPs), inter-institutional projects
and networked projects, where scientist of
7
and propagate the same through mass
media, audio-visual aids and extension all the ICFRE institutes will work together
machinery to achieve common goals by pooling
resources, have been envisaged and
– To provide consultancy services in the
implemented.
field of forestry research, education and
allied sciences – The Council restructured the erstwhile
Project Formulation Division into the
– To undertake other jobs considered
Panchayat and Human Dimensions
necessary to attain these objectives
Division, headed by an officer of ADG
Progress/achievements made during rank, for broadening its activities by
2012-13 having an interface with Panchayat Raj
New initiatives institutions in the country with a special
focus on developing a baseline of forest
– ICFRE revisited its thrust areas to make
and non-forest land use practices. Work in
research people-centric, primarily focusing
this direction is going on in 275 districts
on the livelihoods of the rural tribal
of the country.
population, along with a focus on food
and water security. Six thrust areas and – A new innovative scheme, “Direct
35 themes were identified. The new thrust to Consumer”, for quick transfer of
areas are the following: technologies to consumers/stakeholders
on completion of research projects has
– Thrust Area 1: Managing Forests and
been launched by the ICFRE so that the
Forests Products for Livelihood Support
end users can get immediate benefits from
and Economic Growth
the research findings. Seventeen projects
– Thrust Area 2: Biodiversity Conservation from various institutes of the ICFRE have
and Ecological Security been identified for extension under the
– Thrust Area 3: Forests and Climate Direct to Consumer scheme.
Change – The composition of Forest Types of India
– Thrust Area 4: Forest Genetic Resource in the field have changed a lot since
Management and Tree Improvement last revision in 1969. Their revision was
245
long overdue. ICFRE constituted a task – ICFRE organized 24 th Session of

force to prepare a change matrix of International Poplar Commission (IPC) and
forest vegetation in the country. All the 46 meeting of its executive committee in
institutes of the ICFRE are involved in this October 2012 at Dehradun. It is for the first
massive national-level exercise. The task time that such a prestigious event of the
is almost complete and the outcomes IPC was held in India. 227 Delegates from
will be published in due course. This 23 countries participated in the Session.
monumental work will be beneficial for – As the Research Thrust Areas have been
the policy makers, field foresters, forest revamped, and six thrust areas and 35
managers and researchers and would also themes have been identified. National
act as a base line for the climate change Subject Matter Coordinators (NSMCs)
negotiations. have been appointed for each theme,
– An all-encompassing study titled “All India and 35 State of Knowledge Reports (SKRs)
Coordinated Climate Change Forestry on various themes of forestry describing
Research Programme (AICFP-INDIA)” has national and international work carried
been launched to assess the impacts out with ICFRE contributions are under
of climate change on forest ecosystem preparation.
processes and functioning. – Taking a further step in the directions
– All India coordinated Project under FRA, of benefiting the farmers from the
2006 for Conservation of Biodiversity and technologies/processes evolved by the
enhancing livelihood options for Tribals Council and with a specific aim of extension
and other Forest Fringe communities, at a of agroforestry the networking of Van
cost of about ` 5 crores is being initiated. Vigyan Kendras (VVKs) with Krishi Vigyan
The project will focus on enhancing Kendras (KVKs) is in process. The ICAR has
livelihoods through NTFPs like Honey, shown interest in the joint venture in a
Tassar and Lac, Water harvesting, capacity meeting held between DDG (Extension),
building, growing of medicinal plants and ICFRE and DDG (Agricultural Extension),
socio economic upliftment of tribals and Indian Council of Agricultural Research
fringe forest dwellers. (ICAR). Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree
– ICFRE has prepared the HRD Plan for Breeding (IFGTB), Coimbatore has already
Capacity Building of Scientific Personnel initiated networking of VVKs with KVKs.
for the XII Five Year Plan. The document is – Published a coffee table book “Forest
available at the website of ICFRE at www. Biodiversity in India” which covers various
icfre.org.in. parameters of biodiversity including the
– On the directions of Hon’ble Supreme hotspots, diverse forest types and drivers
Court of India, preparation of Reclamation of change. The book has been beautifully
and Rehabilitation Plans of the mine areas presented with a large collection of
in Bellary, Tumkur and Chitradurga districts photographs from all over India and has
of Karnataka being carried out for which been praised by one and all.
ICFRE has been awarded with a consultancy In addition, “Forest Sector Report India
worth ` 14 crores by the Government of 2010” was published by ICFRE with
Karnataka.
246
– ICFRE released a compendium “Changing

Frontiers of Research Programs in ICFRE
based on XIII Research Policy Committee
(RPC) 2012 Meeting”. This compendium is
the compilation of the outcome of the new
initiatives taken recently in the research
planning and prioritization system and
highlights the process of formulation of
bringing the scattered and piece meal
projects into the National Programmes
Fig-42. Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Hon'ble Minister of State as All India Coordinated Projects/ Inter
(I/C) releasing “Forest Biodiversity in India” and institutional Projects and Networking
“Forest Sector Report India 2010”
7
Projects
the funds provided by the Ministry of – During the World Forest Week Event
Environment and Forest, Government of on Strengthening forestry in land use
India. The report covers six important sub decisions, Dr. V. K. Bahuguna, Director
sectors associated with forestry namely General, ICFRE, Dehradun INDIA, chaired a
Forest Management and Community session on “Strengthening forestry in land
Participation; Conservation of Forests, use decisions” at the COFO 2012 Meet at
Wildlife and Biodiversity; Development Rome on 25 September 2012.
of Forest Resources: Schemes and – Dr. V.K. Bahuguna, DG, ICFRE has been
Achievements; Application of Science and elected unanimously Vice Chairman
Technology in Management; Production of Asia Pacific Association of Forestry
and Utilization of Forest Resource and Research Institutions (APFRI) during the
Human Resource and Capacity Building. Sixth General Assembly of APFRI held on
Both the books were released by Smt. 31-08-2012 at Guangzhou, China.
Jayanthi Natarajan, Hon’ble Minister of – The Forest Research Centre, Hyderabad
Environment and Forests, Government of has been upgraded to Institute level and
India during COP-11, Hyderabad on 17th renamed as Institute of Forest Bio-diversity.
October 2012. The Institute will focus on the biodiversity
Fig-43. Dr. V.K. Bahuguna, DG, ICFRE chaired the session at COFO 2012 Meet, Rome
247
of Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and change. Chairman of the committee

Eastern Ghats. has written letters to the Hon’ble Prime
– ICFRE Pensioners’ Welfare Health Scheme Minister, Hon’ble Forest Minister and
(ICFREPHS) 2012 launched on 31st Chairman Planning Commission regarding
December 2012. the recent initiatives by ICFRE and
requesting for addition allotment of
– ICFRE has come up with a novel concept
budget to take forestry research to higher
for helping the tribals and forest based
levels.
artisans through creation of PRERNA
Souvenir Shop at ICFRE – by offering a – To encourage young Forestry Researchers
platform for marketing their products. from South Asian Association for Regional
Cooperation (SAARC) countries, 10
– The Third Sub-Committee of Committee of
Fellowships announced by Hon’ble Prime
Parliament on Official Language including
Minister. SAARC center proposed creation
Hon’ble Members of Parliament Prof. Alka
of of SAARC research net work to be hosted
Balram Kshatriya, Shri Hukumdev Narayan
by ICFRE.
Yadav, Dr. Raghuvansh Prashad Singh and
Dr. Ram Prashad visited FRI, Dehradun on – ICFRE successfully carried out Mid Career
29th May 2012 and reviewed the progress Training on behalf of IGNFA, Dehradun for
in implementation of Rajbhasha Hindi in IFS officers for Phase III (Third Course), by
the FRI and ICFRE, Dehradun. providing best institutional arrangement
and partnership with Institutions like
– Parliamentary Committee on Science
WII, Dehradun, FSI, Dehradun, Indian
and Technology, Environment & Forests
Institute of Management (IIM) Ahmedabad,
visited FRI, Dehradun on 4th July 2012.
Colorado State University (US) and Swedish
Committee headed by Dr. T. Subbrammi
University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)
Reddy appreciated the efforts of ICFRE in
Sweden.
the field of forestry research, education and
extension towards meetings the livelihood – One week training programme for scientists
needs of the people living in forest fringe and technologists on “Climate Change
areas and also focusing on emerging issues and Carbon Mitigation: Mitigation and
of biodiversity conservation and climate adaptation” was organized by Biodiversity
and Climate Change Division at
ICFRE, Dehradun. The training
programme was sponsored by
the Department of Science and
Technology New Delhi, and
scientists and technologists
from all over India participated
in the training programme.
– O n e we e k t ra i n i n g
programme for scientists and
technologists on “Climate
Fig-44. Parliamentary Committee on Science and Technology, Change, Forest Eco-systems and
Environment & Forests at FRI, Dehradun
248
Biodiversity” was organized by Biodiversity Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree

and Climate Change Division at ICFRE, Breeding (IFGTB), Coimbatore
Dehradun. The training programme was
Research
sponsored by the Department of Science
and Technology New Delhi, and scientists – Root rot disease on Melia dubia caused by
and technologists from all over India Fusarium sp. was recorded for the first time
participated in the training programme. in 6-months old plantation in Chennimalai,
Tamil Nadu.
– A training workshop for IFS officers on
“The significance and scope of REDD/ – Six bacterial isolates were isolated and
REDD+ for Indian forest” was organized identified from textile dye effluents.
by Biodiversity and Climate Change Assessed the efficacy of all these bacterial
Division at ICFRE Dehradun. The training isolates for heavy metal degradation and
7
workshop was sponsored by the Ministry it was observed that most of the isolates
of Environment and Forests, Government were able to degrade the textile dye
of India, New Delhi. effluents and maximum degradation was
observed by Bacillus sp. under in vitro.
Forest Research Institute (FRI),
Dehradun – Leaf blight disease on Gmelina arborea
caused by species of Alternaria, Cuvularia
Research
and Colletotrichum were recorded for the
– Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun first time in SFD Research Nurseries at
obtained thirteen isolates of Alternaria Villupuram and Dindugal, Tamil Nadu.
species from diseased eucalyptus samples, – 55 PGPR isolates were isolated from 12
amplified and sequenced for ITS region of contaminated soil samples and it was pure
nrDNA. cultured and maintained in nutrient agar
– Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun slants for further studies under in vitro.
observed that three clones of Dalbergia – Three full length CDS sequences from E.
sissoo are showing resistance against tereticornis were submitted to NCBI.
Fusarium solani wilt disease.
– IFGTB, Coimbatore currently making efforts
Extension to develop organic biobooster from plant
– FRI, Dehradun organized a regional based products. The use of biobooster
workshop on “Revision of National Working which are highly safe and act as induced
Plan Code” from 28th and 29th May 2012 plant defenses. It is observed that Coir
at Kolkata. Senior Working Plan. Officers pith with Farmyard manure and effluent
from North East states attended the compost influence the better growth
workshop. Casuarina junghuhniana seedlings raised
in different treatments viz. Coir pith with
– Under ‘Direct to Consumer’ programme
Farm Yard manure, Effluent compost,
of ICFRE, technology developed by FRI,
Vermiculite, green manure in nursery. The
Dehradun for ‘Reshaping of exudates gums’
results were confirmed after 30 days of
was transferred to M/s Anand Gond Udyog,
observations.
Nagpur on a license fee of ` 1.4 Lakhs.
249
Extension Genetic Resources (FGR). This report

– IFGTB, Coimbatore organized a five day was released by Smt.Jayanthi Natarajan,
refresher training programme for the Hon’ble Minister of State (Independent
Indian Forest Service officers on “Forest Charge), Environment and Forests, at
Genetic Resource Management” from 10th Chennai on 22nd December 2012.
to 14th September 2012, sponsored by Institute of Wood Science and Technology
the Ministry of Environment and Forests, (IWST), Bengaluru
Govt. of India. A total of 25 IFS officers Research
participated in the training programme.
– Institute of Wood Science and Technology
– IFGTB, Coimbatore organized an“Awareness
(IWST), Bengaluru started nursery activities
Training Workshop on The Convention on
for raising of sandal QPM at Nagroor
International Trade in Endangered Species
Nursery. Total 33 kgs of sandal seeds
of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)” on 30th
were sown in 4 sand beds (1 mx10m)
and 31st August 2012 for various agencies
after treatment. Seeds are germinating.
involved in CITES implementation in South
Root trainers are being filled with potting
India. About 42 participants from various
mixture for producing 60,000 seedlings.
State Forest Departments, Customs and
Excise, Police, Directorate of Revenue Extension
Intelligence and Forestry Research – Institute of Wood Science and Technology
Institutes had attended the training. (IWST), Bengaluru organized workshop on
– I F G T B, Co i m b a to re o rg a n i ze d a Wood & Engineered Wood Working Units
stakeholders meeting on Validation of under “Design Clinic Scheme” with the
Descriptors of Casuarinas and Eucalyptus sponsorship of National Institute of Design
on 15th June 2012 with the funding support (NID-MSME) from 10th to 14th September
of the PPVFR Authority to complete 2012.
the validation process of the draft DUS – IWST, Bengaluru organized ‘ Two
guidelines. Technology Marketing Meets’ for
– IFGTB, Coimbatore through a national prospective buyers of IWST technologies
consultative process has brought out on 5th December 2012 (Technologies
the country report on the state of Forest demonstrated - Wood Polymer composite:
new age material, Sap displacement
technique for treating small girth timber
and bamboo, Improved utilization of
lesser known and plantation grown
timbers from South India and Treated
catamarans : a boon to fishermen) and
on 14th December 2012 (Technologies
demonstrated - Portable distillation unit to
extract essential oils, Package of practices
Fig-45. Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Hon'ble Minister of State (I/C) for raising quality stock of sandalwood,
releasing the country report on the State of Macropropagation technique for raising
Forest Genetic Resources
250
Dendrocalamus stocksii, Development of a Metarhizium based Mycoinsecticide

of Metarhizium based mycoinsecticide (peststat) for management of forest pests,
(PETSTAT) for management of forest pests, Biopesticide product – Vilvekam – Agle
Ecofriendly AM fungi in forestry to get good marmelos seed oil based bio-pesticide, Micro-
planting) at IWST, Bengaluru. The scientists catchment for plantation establishment
of the institute explained/demonstrated and Apparatus for preservative treatment
about the technologies developed by the of bamboos.
institute. About 11 business men/women Rain Forest Research Institute (RFRI),
attended the meeting on 5th December Jorhat
2012 and 19 business men/women
– Trap culture of elite strains of entophytes
attended the meeting on 14th December
collected from 3 samples i.e. AMS/RM-
2012.
19, AMS/PH- 20 & AMS/PH-21 has been
7
Tropical Forest Research Institute (TFRI), initiated and sub culturing of some useful
Jabalpur rhizospheric bacteria and fungi is under
– Organized two training programme on progress.
collection value addition and marketing – During the field survey at Mokokchung,
of Non-timber forest products is organized Nagaland 62 species of mushroom were
from 17th to 21st & 24th to 28th September collected. Out of these following 16
2012 for the members of Rajiv Gandhi species were identified Hebeloma pusillum,
Mission for watershed management. Delicatula integrella, Diplomitoporus
– Organized one day workshop on flavescens, Geoglossum cookeianum,
‘Strengthening Network for Outreach Hemimycena lacteal, Marasmiellus
of Research Findings’ on 30th November candidus, Marasmiellus vaillantii, Ramaria
2012 to extend the research findings of acrisiccescens, Coprinus silvaticus, Scutellinia
TFRI, Jabalpur and other ICFRE Institutes. scutellata, Cyathus striatus, Xylaria longipes,
Research findings of various technologies Lentinus bertieri, Coprinus disseminates,
were disseminated to forest department, Armillaria tabescens and Galerina
NGOs, SHGs and others. Technologies autumnalis.
include, Sustainable harvesting of Arjuna – A species of pathogenic bacteria Bacillus sp.
Bark, Integrated Pest Management of white was detected from the naturally infected
grubs in forest nurseries, Biological control cadavers of Pyrausta coclesalis Wlk. a major
of insect pest of teak in plantations, Teak- defoliator of Bambusa tulda and B.balcooa.
turmeric silvi-medicinal system, Draught Laboratory evaluation of the pathogenic
type drum dryer techniques of drying bacteria revealed that 2.6 x 108 CFU/ml
seeds of important Non Wood Forest was found to be effective on the host as
species, Tree species suitable for different well on other important bamboo leaf roller
stress sites (viz. water logged, Bhata land Crocidophora sp. The record of this native
and Mine overburden sites etc.) in central pathogenic bacteria on the host P.coclesalis
India, VAM and Azospirilum production was found to be a new record.
techniques for teak stump production, Micro-
propagation of R. serpentine, Development
251
Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI), eratinophilum and Paecilomyces variotii.

Jodhpur – Improved rooting without application
– Studies on carbon sequestration in of growth regulators in Commiphora
different forest types of Rajasthan was weightii.
conducted. Jhalawar, Bundi, Karauli, – Ganoderma lucidum inoculum has been
Sawaimadhopur, Jodhpur and Kota Forest inoculated in the khejri saplings and
Division were surveyed where dominant symptoms of top dying were recorded
forest types are Anogeissus pendula, Acacia after 3 weeks of inoculation.
catechu and Boswellia serrata. In the forests
Himalayan Forest Research Institute (HFRI),
of these divisions, soil organic carbon stock
Shimla
in 0-90 cm soil layer ranged from 41.5 tone
ha-1 in Kota to 18.3 tone ha-1 in Jhalawar. – This institute was awarded a consultancy
Soil inorganic carbon ranged from 57.72 titled, “Redrafting of Catchment Area
tones ha-1 in Karauli to 2.9 tonnes ha-1 in Treatment Plan for Shongtong-Karchham
Bundi forests. Hydroelectric Project” by Himachal Pradesh
Power Corporation Limited, Shimla to the
– DNA extraction and purification protocol
tune of ` 5.60 Lakhs.
for mapping genetic diversity of Prosopis
cineraria was optimized. – The institute organized two days training
and demonstration programme on
– In vitro rooting was achieved in microshoots
‘Cultivation of Important Temperate
of Hardwickia binata.
Medicinal Plants - An Option for
– Under the study `Enhancing productivity of Diversification and Additional Income for
saline wastelands in Ran Of Kuchch’, the S. Farmers’ at Wildlife Interpretation Centre,
persica proved to be best species amongst Manali, District Kullu (HP) on 18th and 19th
A. bivenosa, Acacia ampliceps with 83.7% November 2012 and a one day training
mean survival after 50 months under the programme on “Nursery Techniques of
extemely harsh conditions of high salinity, Atish and Chora – important temperate
heat stress. Treatments improved the Medicinal Plants” at village Khatnol of
growth; height, crown and collar diameter Distt. Shimla (HP) on 25th November 2012
after 50 months. Results after 50 months to develop specific skills of the targeted
indicate that S. persica, A. bivenosa and A. farmers. About 25 participants attended
ampliceps have the potential to revegetate the same.
the bare highly saline black silty soils.
They maintain good survival, attained Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi
significantly higher growth than sandy – The institute participated in 17th Year
soils. Management practices enhanced Rural Exhibition-cum-Fair “Sunderban Kristi
the growth of all the three species. Mela O Loko Sanskriti Utsab” organized
– Under the study ‘Induction of systemic by Kultali Milon Tirtha Society, Vill. Kultali,
acquired resistance in rohida (Tecomella P.O. – Narayantala, P.S.- Basanti, Dist – 24
undulata (Sm.) Seem.) against stem canker’, Pgs (S). West Bengal – 743329 from 20th
the isolates of fungus had been identified to 29th December, 2012 at Kultali Milon
by IMTECH Chandigarh as Chrysosporium Tirtha Society Campus. Many Central &
252
State Government Departments displayed Forest Department of Bihar State. Presently,

their stall. Among 23 Central Government Phase-I of this project approved for `51.00
stalls, the stall of IFP, Ranchi received big crores by Planning Commission (ICFRE
appreciation and got 4th prize in terms share-`18.94 crores, Bihar SFD share-`32.06
of their livelihood generation. crores) is being implemented. Under
– Thrust areas in research have been revised. Phase-I, ICFRE is undertaking Poplar based
Studies were conducted on the Forest Agroforestry Programme in Vaishali District
Types of India. A new innovative scheme in North Bihar by providing technical know-
‘Direct to Consumers’ has been launched how, training and extension, raising quality
with a view to deliver the outcomes of planting stock, establishment of model
the research projects to the stakeholders. / high – tech nurseries, kisan nurseries,
For broadening its activities by having an demonstration plots and clonal seed
7
interface with Panchayat Raj institutions orchards etc. Till now 78000 plants have
in the country, a new Division, ‘Panchayat been distributed under the project.
and Human Dimensions Division’ has been – Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree
created. Breeding (IFGTB), Coimbatore organized an
Activities including publication of literature, awareness meeting on “Sexual harassment
training and exposition, setting up model of Women at workplace (Prevention,
nursery etc. have been undertaken in Prohibition and Redressal) Bill, 2012” by
Van Vigyan Kendras. Besides, the regular the Internal Complaints Committee, IFGTB
activities, Initiatives have been taken on 1st October 2012. The meeting was
towards the networking of VVKs with KVKs organized to spread awareness on the
of ICAR. Bill which was recently passed by the Lok
Sabha on 3rd September 2012.
Budget allocation and Progress of
expenditure during 2012-13 – IFGTB, Coimbatore and KVK, Villupuram
organized the interactive meet of Tree
Budget Budget Progress of Growers and distribution of casuarina
Component allocation Expenditure seedlings developed by IFGTB for the
by MoEF upto Thane Cyclone affected farmers organized
for 2012-13
under Networking of VVK and KVK at
(Rs. in crore)
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Villupuram located at
Plan 134.50 (RE) 72.0
Tindivanam, Tamil Nadu on 10th December
Non-Plan 25.97 19.48
2012.
Empowerment of women/ weaker sections – Socio-economic survey work was carried
matters out in 61 villages of Pali district & ecological
– A comprehensive Agroforestry Project survey conducted in forest fringe areas of 21
titled, “Samudai Adharit Samanvit Van villages. It was observed that forest fringe
Prabandhan Evam Sanrakshan Yojana in area in Pali is dominated by Meena, Bhil and
Bihar State” commonly known as Bihar Gharasia tribes. Euphorbia caducifolia and
Project being implemented by ICFRE in Prosopis cineraria were found as dominant
collaboration with Environment and forest types in forest areas of Manpur
253
and Ghanaroo villages. In the outskirt of farmers attended the training and on
Ghanti and Dhurasni village dense forest “Bamboo propagation, cultivation and
of Prosopis juliflora was observed. Mixed management for sustainable livelihood”
forest of P. Juliflora, Cassia tora, Capparis from 24th to 28th September 12 wherein 31
Deciduas, Anogeissus pendula, Calotropis progressive farmers attended the training.
procera, Argemone Mexicana were found The training programme was sponsored
in Wandar, Magartalab,Lolawas and by State Institute of Rural Development
Bariyala villages. However, in some of the (SIRD), Ranchi, Jharkhand.
villages like Berkalan, Mandigarh density – IFP, Ranchi organized a 5 days training
of vegetations were very sparse to almost program “Livelihood Generation through
nil. Non Timber Forest Product and Medicinal
– FRI, Dehradun organized a 5 days’ Plants” from 12th to 18th October 2012
specialized training on “Bamboo, Ringal wherein 27 progressive farmers attended
and Grass based Jewellery making” for 26 the training. The training programme
farmers/ Artisans of Uttarakhand at FRI, was sponsored by State Institute of Rural
Dehradun from 18th to 22nd June 2012. Development (SIRD), Ranchi, Jharkhand.
– Institute of Forest Productivity (IFP), Ranchi – Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun
organised training programme on “Lac organized a National Seminar on “Livelihood
cultivation through scientific method in Opportunities in Fringe Forests: Research and
kusum trees” to the farmers at Gutuhatu Management Prospective” on 10th August
of Khunti district on 26th June 2012 to 2012. The seminar was inaugurated by
the farmers at Kurdapurti, 3rd July 2012 his Excellency Shri Shekhar Dutt, Hon’ble
wherein 36 farmers participated. Governor of Chhattisgarh.
– Institute of Forest Productivity (IFP), – Rain Forest Research Institute (RFRI),
Ranchi organized three days training on Jorhat conducted awareness generation
“Scientific Methods of Lac Cultivation” on programme on “Livelihood development
17th to 19th August 2012. Different aspects and creation of carbon pool through
of Lac cultivation including Pruning, bamboo plantation in degraded jhum land”
Host Management, Quality of Brood lac, in Jilangso village (Kohora) Karbi Anglong
Inoculation, Pest control, Harvesting, Lac on 18th October, 2012. Fifty two farmers
Cultivation on Flemengia Semialata were from Jilangso village, Rongtara village and
covered in the training. The institute in Phumen Ingti Village actively participated
1st phase distributed 2000 Flemengia in the programme.
Semialata plants on 30th August 2012 – Socio-economic and vegetation studies
to the farmers at Jeevari village for lac in forest fringe villages of Kota district
cultivation with inter cropping under showed the dominance of P. juliflora, S.
‘Direct to Consumer Project’. urens, Z. numularis, A. leucophloa, Aistida, C.
– IFP, Ranchi organized a 5-day training deciduas, S. oleiodes, T. purpuria etc. among
programme on “Scientific lac cultivation vegetation whereas, among different tribes
for sustainable livelihood” from 18th to 22nd these villages are dominated by Meena,
September 2012 wherein 23 progressive Gujjar and Bheels. Their main source of
254
livelihood is agriculture and

they grows soybean, wheat,
bajra as their cash crop. Almost
every village has primary school,
electricity and drinking water
facility, agriculture land is fertile
and rich in humus at most of the
places.
– Eight medicinal plants species
were planted at Demo village
nursery, Salawas for knowledge
and use of local people. The five
7
medicinal plants are Nyctanthus
arbortrestus (Harsingar),
Cybopogon citrates (Lemon grass), Fig-46. Mountains Leh-landscape
Asparagus racemosus (Satawari),
Crinumasi aticum (Sudarsan), Adhatoda Mr. Zhang Shougong, CAF president, on
beddomei (Adusa) and three creepers are 31st August, 2011 in Beijing. The MoU
Tinospora cordiflora (Neem giloi), Argyreia signed between the two institutions
nervosa (Tambeshwar Ghav Bel) and will facilitate cooperation between two
Tylophora asthmatica (Dama Bel). countries on identified areas of research. Dr.
Agreements with countries/ international VK Bahuguna and Mr. Shougong discussed
organisations emerging areas of mutual interest like
climate change, forest ecosystems, forest
ICFRE has initiated International
hydrology germ-plasm conservation,
Cooperation with a number of organizations
sustainable forest management and tree
including International Centre for Integrated
improvement.
Mountain Development (ICIMOD), Nepal;
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), – Proposals for Cooperation with ICIMOD
Japan; UK Forestry Commission, Britain; Chinese and FRIM, Malaysia are under process.
Academy of Forestry, China; Commonwealth Indian Institute of Forest Management
Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (IIFM), Bhopal
(CSIRO), Australia; LM Fletcher Research The Institute, as a sectoral management
Institute etc. institute, imparts education in forest
– The Memorandum of Understanding management, which is a judicious mixture of
has now been signed between the forestry, social, and management science. The
Indian Council of Forestry Research and Institute constantly endeavours to keep in
Education and the Chinese Academy of touch with the problems of people, especially
Forestry to foster cooperation between the forest dwellers and undertakes need-
the two nations in identified fields of based research. The Institute tries to serve as
research. The MoU was signed by Dr. VK a reservoir of knowledge in the area of forest
Bahuguna Director General, ICFRE and management and ensures proper integration
255
of external and indigenous knowledge suitable Policy Formulation, Analysis and Advocacy
to Indian context. – To function as a national ‘think tank’
The specific objectives of the Institute on forestry and environment aimed at
are: developing appropriate policies and
strategies.
Education and Training
– To play an advocacy role in the sectors
– To meet the demand for the trained human of concern to promote adoption of
resource with managerial and analytical appropriate policies and implementation
skills in the areas of forestry, environment strategies and safeguard the genuine
and development management through i n t e re s t s o f t h e d i s a d v a n t a g e d
regular educational courses. stakeholders whenever necessary without
– To update the knowledge and managerial compromising national interests.
skills of the serving professionals in the Research
above areas through short-term training
Programs. – Research constitutes one of the core
activities of the Institute and during the
Research and Consultancy year IIFM completed 12 research projects,
– To generate information on field realities out of which one was sponsored by IIFM
and derive meaningful interpretation and 11 were externally sponsored projects.
through systematic research. Currently, there are 20 ongoing research
– To offer consultancy services to the client projects at the Institute, out of which 15
organizations based on the available projects are externally sponsored.
expertise. Centres of Excellence
Dissemination International Centre for Community Forestry
– To disseminate the research-based (ICCF)
information/knowledge and meet The International Centre for Community
the information needs of the forestry, Forestry (ICCF), functioning as a “Centre of
environment and allied sectors through Excellence” was established at the Institute’s
training, seminars and publications. Campus on January 14, 2000 to cater to the
growing need and interest in Community
Databases and Information Systems
Forestry initiatives. The centre emphasizes
– To generate and maintain relevant upon strengthening the country’s community
databases that are essential for policy forestry policy, rural livelihoods support system
formulation, project planning and strategy and development of small scale enterprises to
development in forestry, environment and support millions of people who depend and
allied sectors care for forests and its management. Following
– To develop an Information Management activities were undertaken by the Centre during
System, which is compatible with and the current year.
easily accessible for all users, i.e. from local
– A batch of 25 trainees of Regional Centre
(community) to global level.
of Organic Farming, Jabalpur (National
Centre of Organic Farming, Ghaziabad,
256
Department of Agriculture, Cooperation, important market driven tool and a mechanism

Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India) for assessment and monitoring of forest and
visited ICCF on 6.7.12. Dr. A.S. Rajput, forest products. It is a process that leads to the
Scientific Officer led the group while from issuing of a certificate by an independent party,
ICCF Prof. A.K. Dharni and Dr. Manoj Kr. which verifies that an area of forest is managed
Singh briefed the trainee participants to a defined standard.
about IIFM and IICF.
The center for SFM & FC represents IIFM as
– ICCF is presently negotiating an agreement member in both the National Working Group
with Indo-European Chamber of Commerce as well as the National Forest Certification
& Industry (IECCI), Bhopal for the purpose of Committee, constituted by Government of
collaboration in various fields of Research India.
& Development at regional, national and
7
international level on case-to-case basis. The center is expected to generate the
pool of knowledge and understanding on the
Center for Ecological Services Management emerging field of Stainable Forest Management
(CESM)
& Forest Certification for the benefit of forestry
The Centre for Ecological Services sector in the country.
Management (CESM) has been set up as an
interdisciplinary centre to address crucial Center for Livelihood Management
policy issues associated with the complex Centre for Livelihood Management’s
relationship between ecological, social, mission is “Sustainable Livelihood
economic, legal and institutional aspects of Enhancement of Communities including
ecosystem management. Several initiatives Poor, Marginalised and Women”. The centre
have been taken by organisations on the issues acts as a Resource Centre for Stakeholders in
of environment and development in south and the area of training, research, documentation,
south East Asia, but the number of professional consultancy, network and advocacy activities.
organisation working on the related issues It provides a forum for influencing the
on valuation and developing markets and programmes and policies related to livelihood.
incentive based mechanism ecosystem services It also strives for dissemination of technology
is very small. CESM specifically addressed this and approaches which can sustain livelihood.
crucial gap and would undertake research, The stakeholders would include government
consultancy, teaching, training activities as well officials implementing various development
as prepare data base on the values of ecosystem projects for livelihood enhancement, personnel
services, develop and standardise techniques from Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)
of valuation of ecosystem service and impact and Civil Society organisations, representatives
studies of degradation. It also networks with of Panchyati Raj Institutions and Communities.
national and international organisations in the A proposal of Action Plan for M.P. State Rural
Natural Resource Management (NRM) Sector Livelihood Forum worth ` 3.48 crore has been
for promoting professional exchange. submitted in December 2012.
Center for Sustainable Forest Management Regional Center for National Afforestation
& Forest Certification (SFM & FC) and Eco-development Board (RCNAEB)
Forest Certification has emerged as an The Regional Centre for National
257
Afforestation and Eco-development Board, evolving, analyzing and synthesizing various

(RCNAEB), came into existence in year 1989 at management techniques/ tools, ideas and
the Institute. Since then the Centre has been concepts relevant to the forestry and allied
working in the areas related to afforestation sector. During the year, the institute conducted
and eco-development in the States of Madhya 10 Management Development Programmes
Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Odisha as per the and organised three workshops.
mandate contained in the Memorandum of
Consultancy
Understanding (MoU) signed between the
National Afforestation and Eco-development Faculty members of the Institute
Board (NAEB) and IIFM. undertake consulting assignments to provide
solutions to the sector-specific problems
The main focus area of this Regional Centre
and as inputs for policy making. An analysis
is National Afforestation Programme (NAP)
of consulting assignments undertaken by
which aims at supporting and accelerating the
IIFM faculty during the year 2012-13 include
ongoing process of devolving forest protection,
projects in areas such as Ecological studies,
management and development functions to
Environmental-Economic studies, Socio-
institutions of Joint Forest Management i.e.
economic studies (Developmental plans,
Joint Forest Management Committees (JFMCs)
programmers and projects), Evaluation of
at the village level, and Forest Development
schemes and programmers and cross-functional
Agencies (FDAs) at the forest division level.
areas of Forest Certification and sustainable
RCNAEB, Bhopal is supporting the JFMCs,
forest resource management including Non-
which are the main organs of Joint Forest
timber forest products. Among the sponsors
Management in capacity building at the
of consulting assignments to IIFM include
grassroots level. This decentralised two-tier
United Nations Environment Programme
institutional structure (FDAs and JFMCs) allows
(UNEP), United Nations International
greater participation of the community, both
Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Gesellschaft
in planning and implementation, to improve
für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ),
forests and livelihoods of the people living
Government of India (MoEF), State Forest
in and around forest areas in addition to
Departments and Corporations. During the
significantly empowering the local people in
current year, two consultancy assignments
participating in the decision making process.
were completed and six new assignments were
During the current year, the Centre received. In all, 14 consultancy assignments
conducted five workshops, completed five are going on. List of new assignments and
research projects and commenced 10 new completed assignments is given in Table-60.
projects.
Publications
Training The Institute continues to disseminate its
The Institute has been organizing short- research findings to the larger audience through
term training courses, seminars and workshops its own publications and also by publication
to transfer technical and managerial skills of research papers in reputed journals, books
being generated by faculty areas of the and also by presentation of papers in national
institute. The focus of these programmes is on and international conferences. The faculty also
258
Table-60. List of new & completed Consultancy Assignments (1.4.2012 to 31.12.2012)
Title of the Consulting assignment Name of Team Leader Name of the sponsoring
& Team members organisation
New Assignments started during 2012-13
Facilitation for Rubber Wood Dr. Manmohan Yadav Tripura Forest Development
Certification Dr. R.B. Lal and Plantations Corporation
Prof. A.K. Patil LTD
Assessment of Environmental services, Dr. Bhaskar Sinha GIZ New Delhi

vulnerability reduction and Institutional
Arrangement of MGNREGA in MP
Capacity building in National Planning Dr. Madhu Verma

for food security Dr. R.B. Lal
Division of Environment Policy
Implementation, Ecosystem
Services & Economics; United
Nations Environment Program,
Nairobi, KENYA
7
Strengthening capacity of District Level Dr. Rekha Singhal UNICEF, State of Madhya
Officials on Social Protection Schemes Dr. Amitabh Pandey Pradesh Bhopal
and Conducting Social Audits in Guna
and Shivpuri
Landscape survey and developing micro Dr. D. Debnath Odisha Forest Department,
plan for enhancement of forest quality Dr. M.D. Omprakash & Bhubaneswar
and improvement of ecosystem services External consultant
in the identified districts of Odisha (Jadhavpur University)
Revision of rates of NPV applicable for Dr. Madhu Verma and IGF & CE- Adhoc-CAMPA,
different classes/category of Forests External Expert MOEF, New Delhi
Completed Assignments
An evaluation of implementation of the Dr. D. Debnath Department of ST & SC,

scheduled tribes and other traditional Dr. Vijay Kumar Govt. of MP
forest dwellers forest rights Act 2006 Dr. K.N. Krishna Kumar
(FRA) Prof. P Jadhav
Technical Agency for Development of Dr. Manmohan Yadav Government of India, MSME,
Clusters-Lac cluster Hoshangabad and Dr. Amitabh Pandey KVIC (Directorate of SFURTI),
Bamboo cluster Balaghat in Madhya Mumbai
Pradesh
259
participated and presented research papers in plantation timbers and bamboo while meeting
national and international conferences. the vital needs of the developing society.
Other Activities To achieve this vision, IPIRITI is engaged in

Research & Development, Training & Education,
The year 2012-13 was marked by
Testing & Standardization and Extension on all
significant progress in different areas of
aspects related to plywood and panel products
academic activities necessary for the holistic
from wood and other lignocellulosic materials
development of the students. The Students
from renewable natural fibers.
Council of IIFM has been very active during
this year and organized number of extra and The research activities are periodically
co curricular activities based on themes like reviewed and rationalized to keep pace with
entrepreneurship, Forest, Environmental & changing needs of the industry, national
Social issues and Sports events. policies, raw material scenario and needs of
the people for panel products.
B u d g e t Al l o c at i o n & Pro g re s s o f
Expenditure Global concern for protection of
` 75 crores has been approved for the environment and conservation of bio - diversity
Institute for the XXII Five Year Plan period. are reflected in the research programmes. The
important views kept in mind while deciding
During the F.Y. 2012-13, the total grant the project activities are conservation of
sanctioned to the Institute was `13.15 crores, natural forests and meeting the needs of the
out of which `10.50 crores was towards Plan people for panel products from wood and
Expenditure and `2.65 crores towards non-plan other lignocellulosic materials.
expenditure. The Corpus fund of the Institute as
on 31.3.2012 was ` 46.61 crores. Till 31.12.2012, Research work done in the Year 2012-
an expenditure of ` 9.98 crores was incurred by 2013
the Institute for the F.Y. 2012-13. – Development of Technology for
manufacture of particle board from
Indian Plywood Industries Research and
bamboo and bagasse
Training Institute (IPIRTI), Bengaluru
Due to the increasing shortage of industrial
Introduction
wood and also associated policy changes
IPIRTI’s vision is to become an apex in recent years, agro residues like Bagasse
institution of international repute by has become an important raw material
equipping itself with concurrent state-of-the alternative to wood for panel products.
art technology and develop in-house frontline In this study, investigations were carried
expertise to be able to carry-out necessary R & D out to manufacture particle boards
towards advising and/or providing competitive from depith bagasse, pith bagasse and
consultancy to the academia as well as wood replacing 30-40% of bagasse by wood.
& other lignocellulosic based panel industry From the test results of particle boards
sector regarding the conservation of natural made, it is found that the bagasse with
forests through development and adoption of pith and without pith is suitable for the
efficient technologies in the field of wood and manufacture of flat pressed three layered
panel products from renewable fibres including Grade-2 (FPT-2) Particle boards and meets
260
the requirements as prescribed in IS for commercial production. Adopting

3087(2005) for Grade 2 Medium Density synthetic formaldehyde resin systems for
Particle board. making rice straw MDF would result in the
– Efficacy of Copper–Ethanolamine-Boron cost reduction of adhesive by 40% -60%
based wood preservative against wood when compared with MDI resin
destroying organisms – Life Cycle Assessment of Plywood
The main aim of this project was to and Bamboo Composite Products –
find out the alternative fixing agent to Sponsored by Clean Technology (CT)
chromium. Chromium is being used to fix division of MoEF, Govt. of India.
copper and boron in the wood. Chromium The energy audit and the measurement
is carcinogenic in nature. Moreover it has of carbon foot prints involved in the
been banned in many European countries production of plywood, bamboo mat
7
and hence attempt was made to use corrugated sheet (BMCS) and bamboo
ethanolamine in place of chromium to mat ridge cap (BMRC) was carried out
fix the copper and boron in the wood.A in a commercial unit. The study reveals
new environ friendly formulation by that the total energy requirement for
using copper-ethanolamine-boron (CEB) the production of plywood, bamboo mat
has been developed. The percentage of corrugated sheet (BMCS) and bamboo mat
chemical incorporation in glue line has ridge cap (BMRC) is very less compared to
been optimized. From the toxicological other conventional materials being used.
studies it was found that CEB 2.5 percent The emission of green house gases and
performed excellent against the various effluent were measured in the production
wood destroying organisms. Factory trial unit and has been found that the emission
was done at M/s. Green ply India Limited, of gases is well within the tolerance
Kolkata. limits prescribed by the pollution control
– Study on the suitability of the board. The effluents collected during the
manufacture of Medium Density Fibre production have indicated negligible level
board from rice straw of solids and the toxic chemicals.
The main aim of this study was to Completed Research Projects
assess the suitability of rice straw for the – Development of technique for production
manufacture of medium density fiber of face veneer from reconstituted plantation
board with conventional resins. This study timber.
will help in efficient utilization of rice straw
– Study on fire performance of door and
as an alternate resource for the industrial
shutter assemblies and formulation
manufacture of particleboards and
of standards in line with international
fiberboards.From the results of the study it
standards.
was found that either 100% rice straw fibers
bonded with MDI or 50% replacement of – Evaluation of earthquake resistant feature
rice straw fibers with wood fibers blended of bamboo housing system using shock
with synthetic formaldehyde based resin table.
systems can be adopted by the industries
261
– Development of bio-adhesive with less emerged as a premier training and research

emission of formaldehyde for wood and institution in the field of wildlife and protected
panel products. area management in South and South East Asia.
– Up-scaling of Technology for manufacture Its mandate is to generate quality information
of single/3 layered particle Board from and knowledge products in wildlife science and
Rice Husk mainstream it in capacity building programmes
for various target groups and provide advisory
– Efficacy of Copper-Ethanolamine-Boron
support to Central and State Government.
based wood preservative against wood
destroying organisms Research Projects
– Establishment of Pilot Scale Facilities for Wildlife research at the Institute covers
R & D and Training in MDF ecological, biological, socio-economic and
Completed Sponsored Project managerial aspects of wildlife conservation.
The research projects generate valuable
– Evaluation of wood preservative- Protecto
scientific data, help evolve study techniques
against Moulds, Termites and Borers for
relevant to the Indian ground condition, and
solid wood and plywood by glue line
also create a group of trained field biologists,
poisoning.
socio-economists and wildlife managers. The
– Study on the Hygroscopic Nature of scientific information generated is utilized for
Medium Density FibreBoard – sponsored by management of protected areas. Research also
M/S. Greenply Industries Ltd. , Kolkata. enables the Institute’s faculty to keep abreast
– Energy Auditing and Carbon Footing in of the current field situations, management
Manufacture of Bamboo Mat Corrugated needs and research trends in the field and thus
Sheet (BMCS) and Bamboo Mat Ridge Cap constantly enhance its professional skills and
(BMRC). update its teaching inputs. The research agenda
– Study on the Feasibility of the manufacture is decided and guided by the Training, Research
of Medium Density Fibre board from rice Advisory Committee (TRAC) comprising
straw. eminent conservationists, academicians and
– Evaluation of wood preservative -PILOT representatives of scientific organizations
chemical against wood destroying Fungus, as well as state wildlife organizations, which
Termites and Borer for plywood by glue ensures that research conforms to the national
line poisoning. conservation priorities.
During 2012-13, 7 research projects were
Wildlife Research
completed and 41 research projects were
Wildlife Institute of India ( WII), ongoing in the Institute. The Institute worked
Dehradun on the following important research activities
Introduction during the reporting period:
Wildlife Institute of India (WII) was Tiger reintroduction project in Sariska

established in 1986 as an autonomous On 7th August, 2012, the first reintroduced
institute of the Ministry of Environment & tigress (ST2) was photographed with two cubs
Forests, Government of India. The Institute has signifying the success of the tiger reintroduction
262
project in Sariska, carried out by the Institute. in such priority conservation efforts on
During January 2013, Wildlife Institute of India transboundary landscape management and
re-introduced 2 sub-adult tigresses to Sariska conservation. During the reporting period,
from Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve as part of several Workshops/ Consultative Meetings/
supplementation to the existing population of Training were conducted by ICIMOD at Nepal
7 tigers in Sariska. and India and participating scientists from
the Institute participated in such activities
Initiatives on Trans-boundary Landscape
viz. Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation
Management
Initiative Implementation Phase – Regional
The Hindu Kush-Himalayan (HKH) region Inception Workshop during 01-05 May, 2012
forms one of the most fragile mountain chains in Kathmandu, Nepal; Expert Consultation on
of the world. The region is endowed with Transboundary Biodiversity Management in
diverse ecosystems that provide numerous
7
Kangchendjunga Landscape at Gangtok, Sikkim
goods and services to the millions of people during August 16-18, 2012; and Field Training
within and outside its geographical boundaries. Course on GLORIA Experiment under Kailash
However, population growth and increasing Sacred Landscape Conservation Initiative
anthropogenic pressures on these resources organized during August 22-September 6,
are increasingly besieging the irreplaceable 2012 in Upper Humla, Nepal.
biodiversity of the region. The International
Centre for Integrated Mountain Development Convention on Migratory Species
(ICIMOD), an intergovernmental, regional Wildlife Institute of India provided
knowledge centre based at Kathmandu, required technical inputs in the 17th meeting
Nepal has initiated efforts in developing of the Scientific Council of Convention on
transboundary landscape management Migratory Species, which took place prior to
approach to conservation
by involving concerned
country’s. Seven
transboundary landscapes
have been identified
in the HKH region and
four of them – (i) Kailash
Sacred Landscape,
(ii) Kangchenjunga
Landscape, (iii)
B ra h m a p u t ra - S a l we e n
Landscape, and (iv)
Cheerapunjee- Chittagong
Hill Tract Landscape
are relevant to India.
The Wildlife Institute
of India is one of the
partner institutions
Fig-47. Greyleg Goose (Anser anser) – beautiful migratory bird
263
Conference of the Parties (CoP), in November of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 in line
17-18, 2011, in Bergen, Norway. Wildlife with CITES Appendices in collaboration with
Institute of India has been assisting the Ministry the Zoological Survey of India.
of Environment and Forests, Government
Landscape Approach to Conservation
of India in implementing the United Nation
Environment Programme (UNEP)/CMS Dugong The World Bank and Global Environment
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in Facility (GEF) supported ‘Biodiversity
India. As part of Dugong MoU, Wildlife Institute Conservation and Rural Livelihood
of India organised the First South Asia Sub- Improvement Project (BCRLIP) is being
Regional Workshop and now conducting ‘All implemented in two conservation priority
India Dugong Survey’ to finalize the ‘National landscapes. The Wildlife Institute of India
Action Plan of Dugong Conservation in India’. has been assigned a major task on National
Capacity Building on Landscape Approach to
Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation. During the reporting period,
Conservation and Management of Marine
as a knowledge management centre on
Turtles and their Habitats of the Indian
development and practice of landscape
Ocean and South-East Asia (IOSEA)
approach to conservation,WII began supporting
IOSEA Sub-regional Focal Points were the Askot and LRK landscapes in preparing
appointed at the Sixth Meeting of Signatory micro-plans for the local communities,
States (Bangkok, January 2012). India is the sub- incorporating conservation and livelihood
regional Focal Point for Northern Indian Ocean, improvement programmes. Spearhead teams
which includes Bangladesh, India, Maldives, in both the sites were trained. For scientific
Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Coincidently, these backstopping at Askot, work on ecological
countries are also part of the South-Asia Sub- mapping and identification of biological
region of CMS Dugong-MoU, in which India indicators was started. The Field Learning
is again the focal point. WII assisted MoEF in Centres at Gir, Periyar and Kalakkad were
implementing various actions recommended visited and documentation of good practices
by IOSEA which include the identification of began. An approach paper was prepared and
priority sites for sea turtles conservation in presented in CoP 11, highlighting principles
India. and approach to landscape management in
Convention on International Trade in India.
Endangered Species (CITES) of Wild Fauna
Support provided by for inscription of
& Flora
Western Ghats as a Serial Natural World
CITES Cell of the Wildlife Institute of India Heritage Site
has been assisting the Ministry of Environment The Wildlife Institute of India provided
and Forests, Government of India on various technical support in the nomination and final
issues related to CITES. In this reporting period, inscription of Western Ghats a Serial Natural
WII assisted the Institute of Forests Genetics World Heritage Site. In the 36th Session of
and Tree Breeding to organise CITES Awareness the World Heritage Committee held in Saint
Training Workshop for various enforcement Petersburg, Russian Federation during June 24-
agencies in the country. Further, WII also July 6, 2012, the Western Ghats was inscribed
reviewed the existing lists of various Schedules as the sixth Natural World Heritage property
264
in India. It was inscribed for Criteria IX - for cumulative environmental/ecological impacts

being an outstanding examples representing of hydro electric projects in the Bhagirathi and
significant on-going ecological and biological Alaknanda river basins on the riverine ecosystem
processes in the evolution and development including terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity
of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine in collaboration with specialized institutions.
ecosystems and communities of plants and In response to this, WII conducted the above
animals; and Criteria X - for containing the study that had the following objectives: (i) to
most important and significant natural habitats assess the baseline status of rare, endangered
for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, and threatened (RET) species of flora and fauna
including those containing threatened species dependent on riverine habitats and floodplains
of outstanding universal value from the point of of Alaknanda and Bhagirathi river basins; (ii) to
view of science or conservation. The highlight identify the critical wildlife habitats along the
7
of this Natural World Heritage Site is that it is existing and planned hydroelectric projects
the first Serial Nomination made from India located on rivers Alaknanda and Bhagirathi up
and it has seven sub-clusters representing the to Devaprayag; (iii) delineate river stretches
bioclimatic, bio-geographic and biological critical for conservation of rare, endangered
diversity in the Western Ghats. There are 39 and threatened (RET) aquatic species; and
elements that were identified within the seven (iv) to assess the key habitat variables for RET
sub-clusters covering a total area of 7953.15 sq. species, including minimum flows and volume
km. that is being managed by the State Forest of water for ecological sustainability of the two
Departments of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka rivers.
and Maharashtra.
The final report entitled ‘Assessment of
Macro level EIA study of Bellary district in Cumulative Impacts of Hydroelectric Projects
Karnataka on Aquatic and Terrestrial Biodiversity in
In response to the directives of the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi Basins, Uttarakhand.
Hon’ble Supreme Court of India to carry out Wildlife Institute of India’, was submitted to the
a macro level EIA study of Bellary district in Ministry of Environment and Forests, Govt. of
Karnataka, WII partnered with Forest Survey of India.
India (FSI), Indian Council of Forestry Research Wildlife Forensic Cell
Education (ICFRE), The National Environmental
Since its inception, the Wildlife Forensic
Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) and
Cell (WFC) at the Institute aims to develop and
National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) for
disseminate the techniques relevant to wildlife
the study ‘Macro Level Environmental Impact
forensics so as to cater the needs of various
Assessment Study Report of Chitradurga and
law enforcement agencies. Activities of the
Tumkur Districts, Karnataka’.
WFC during the year mainly pertain to: (i) Case
Assessment of Cumulative Impacts of analysis of wildlife offences, (ii) development of
Hydroelectric Projects on Aquatic and protocols, and (iii) sensitization of enforcement
Terrestrial Biodiversity in Alaknanda and agencies through appropriate hands on
Bhagirathi Basins, Uttarakhand training.
The MoEF requested the Wildlife Institute
Altogether, 254 wildlife offence cases
of India (WII) to conduct the study on the
were referred during the reporting period to
265
WFC by the State forest departments, Police & is a protected species and listed in the Indian
Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), Court(s), Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. The wild pig is
Department of Customs and Central Excise, etc. often hunted illegally and sold in market as
One hundred and four (104) wildlife offence meat warranting punishment under law. Nine
cases were analyzed using morphometric forensically informative nucleotide sequence
and DNA based techniques and subsequently (FINS) variations were observed between
reports were submitted to the concerned Indian wild and domestic pigs. The overall
law enforcement agencies. The WFC received genetic variation exhibited by this study will
around 60 court summons for appearance as be helpful in forensic identification of the
expert scientific witness under wildlife offence biological samples of wild and domestic pigs.
cases in various courts within the country. Based Study also helped in differentiating the Indian
on the previous wildlife offence investigation wild pig from other wild pig races. Furthermore,
reports submitted, convictions have been hands on training relevant to wildlife forensics
reported from Khatima, Uttarakhand and was provided to various visiting classes of the
Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. During the reporting Indian Forest Service/ State Forest Service
period, the WFC successfully developed a officers, and also of the officials from the Indian
protocol for forensic differentiation of the Revenue Service so as to identify various parts,
biological samples of Indian wild pig (Sus products and derivatives those are usually
scrofa cristatus) and domestic pig (Sus scrofa encountered in various wildlife offence cases.
domestica). The Indian wild pig (S. s. cristatus)
266
267
Environmental Education, Awareness and protect the environment. This scheme was
and Training launched in 1983-84 with the following basic
objectives:
Introduction
The emergence of environmental issues – To promote environmental awareness
at the top of the global agenda in the context among all sections of the society;
of climate change concerns underline the – To spread environment education,
need for collective endeavour for protection especially in the non-formal system among
of environment. This warrants informed and different sections of the society;
voluntary participation of all sections of the – To facilitate development of education/
people in the movement for conservation training materials and aids in the formal
and participation of environment. Awareness education sector;
of people about emerging environmental – To promote environment education
issues and the interconnections between the through existing educational/ scientific/
life styles and environment is an essential research institutions;
prerequisite for such participation.
– To ensure training and manpower
Population increase, rapid urbanisation development for environment education,
and industrialisation, increasing needs of awareness and training;
energy etc., have impacted the availability of – To encourage non- governmental
natural resources besides denting the quality organizations, mass media and other
of environment. The environmental damage concerned organizations for promoting
already inflicted cannot be reversed unless awareness about environmental issues
there is collective thinking, will and effort. These among the people at all levels;
call for public awareness and participation for
– To use different media including films,
bringing about an attitudinal change and finally
audio, visual and print, theatre, drama,
restricting further damage to the environment.
advertisements, hoarding, posters,
Effective implementation of environmental
seminars, workshops, competitions,
management and conservation programmes
meetings etc. for spreading messages
depends on education, awareness raising
concerning environment and awareness;
and training in the relevant areas. Without
and
an adequate awareness of the impending
challenges and their implications, few people – To mobilize people’s participation
would be motivated to participate actively in for preservation and conservation of
programmes on environmental conservation. environment.
Environment education and awareness thus Activities undertaken during the year
assumes critical importance.
The major programmes undertaken to
The ‘Environmental Education, Awareness achieve the overall objectives of the scheme
and Training’ is a flagship scheme of the are as follows:
Ministry for enhancing the understanding
National Green Corps (NGC) Programme
of people at all levels about the relationship
between human beings and the environment It is a well established and recognised fact
and to develop capabilities/skills to improve that the children can be catalysts in promoting
268
a mass movement about the ensemble of the This requires a network of nodal agencies and
environmental issues. Being future citizens, grass-root level organisations.
inculcation of environment friendly attitudes
The NEAC was launched in mid 1986
and behavioural patterns amongst them can
with the objective of creating environmental
make a significant difference to the long term
awareness at the national level. In this campaign,
efforts for protection of environment. Children
nominal financial assistance is provided to
are triggers for a chain reaction, making a
NGOs, schools, colleges, universities, research
difference at the local and community level
institutes, women and youth organisations,
which in due course lead to awareness at
army units, government departments etc. from
village, city, State, country and global level.
all over the country for conducting awareness
MoEF has hence, embarked upon a major and action oriented activities. The awareness
initiative for creating environmental awareness activities could be seminars, workshops,
8
among children by formulating National Green training programmes, camps, padyatras, rallies,
Corps (NGC) in 2001-02. The phenomenal public meetings, exhibitions, essay/debate/
response that NGC has received has made painting/poster competitions, folk dances
the network of more than 1,00,000 Eco clubs and songs, street theatre, puppet shows,
across the country in 12 years, making it one preparation and distribution of environmental
of the largest conservation networks. The education resource materials etc. Action
unique partnership between the MoEF, the components could be plantation of trees,
states Government agencies alongwith the management of household waste, cleaning
dedicated Non Governmental Organisations of water bodies, taking up water harvesting
(NGOs), working in the field of Environmental structures, use of energy saving devices etc.
Education has contributed to the success of Diverse target groups encompassing students,
the programme. During financial year 2012- youths, teachers, tribals, farmers, other rural
13 (as on 21.01.2013), 75,797 Eco-clubs were population, professionals and the general
supported by the Ministry across the country. public are covered under NEAC. The programme
is implemented through designated Regional
Also in order to strengthen monitoring
Resource Agencies (RRAs) appointed for specific
mechanism of NGC programme, MoEF is in
States/Regions of the country. This programme
process to establish Management Information
was continued during this year with the main
system (MIS) which will open up vistas in
theme as ‘Biodiversity & Conservation”. The
sharing and accessing the information on NGC
following sub-themes were considered for
among all stakeholders. The MIS reporting and
financial assistance:
monitoring would be interactive and creative
in ensuring NGC mobility and services. – Critical, endangered and endemic species
conservation
National Environment Awareness Campaign
(NEAC) – Conservation of critical and fragile habitats
& corridors
The need for a mass movement for
protection of environment needs no emphasis. – Forest conservation
The concerns of the people for environment – Wetlands conservation
need to be harnessed into voluntary action. – Conservation of Mangroves & Coral
Reefs
269
– Land degradation & biodiversity media to enhance awareness about various

– Conservation and promotion of Medicinal environmental issues which would in turn
plants facilitate better compliance with environment
regulations. Media Cell is guided by an Advisory
– Renewable energy - solar, wind, biogas,
Committee of Experts on Media Matters under
etc
the Chairmanship of Secretary (E&F).
– Vermi-composting & organic farming
– Agro forestry Science Express: Biodiversity Special
(SEBS)
– Cultivation of Fruit trees
The Ministry of Environment & Forests
– Germplasm conservation
(MoEF), in a unique partnership with
– Restoration of Grasslands Department of Science & Technology (DST),
– Livestock- indigenous breed launched an innovative exhibition mounted
conservation on a 16 coach air conditioned train rake.
– Biodiversity conservation in Urban & peri- It envisaged running this innovative train
Urban areas mounted exhibition in two phases to cover at
least 100 locations on Broad Gauge network
– Maintaining people’s biodiversity
of Indian Railway across the entire length and
registers
breadth of the country.
– Biodiversity & traditional knowledge and
equitable benefit sharing Eight coaches of Science Express- Biodiversity
Special are solely dedicated to showcasing the
– Biodiversity based traditional crafts
myriad biodiversity spread across the bio-
– Biodiversity and sustainable practices geographical zones, viz. Trans-Himalaya & the
(rainwater harvesting, use of eco-friendly Himalayas, Gangetic Plains, North East India,
bags, etc) the Desert & Semi-Arid Zone, Western Ghats,
– Sustainable Tourism Deccan Peninsula and Coasts & Islands with a
– Gender in Biodiversity conservation focus on range of Biological diversity, critically
Thirty three Regional Resource Agencies endangered species, biodiversity hotspots,
(RRAs) appointed by the Ministry are involved domesticated biodiversity, biodiversity &
in conducting, supervising and monitoring livelihoods, bio-culture; threats/challenges,
the NEAC activities during the year. A total of conservation measures, success stories &
13,676 organisations have been involved in unique experiences. Four other coaches have
the campaign across the country during the interesting & informative exhibits on Climate
year 2012-13 and the Ministry has sanctioned Change, Energy and Water conservation while
an amount of `12.09 Cr to the RRAs for another coach has the Joy of Science Lab in
further disbursement among the approved which students are guided to perform various
participating organisations. experiments and activities to understand
concepts in science besides a demonstration-
Mass Media cum-training facility for capacity building of
The Media Cell of the Ministry is mandated teachers. About 40 young Science/Biodiversity
to take up awareness campaigns using print Communicators remained on-board in another
and electronic media besiders other mass coach throughout the journey and explained
270
conducted at local schools and

institutions associated with the
National Environment Awareness
Programme (NEAC) and National
Green Corps (NGC) of MoEF and
associates & partners of DST. In
addition, a variety of interesting
and informative take-away
material was made available
for wider distribution among
visitors.
The train also reflected
8
the dedication, diligence and
Fig-48. Flagging -off SEBS by Hon’ble Minister of Environment & Forest (I/C) dynamism of the knowledge
Smt. Jayanti Natarajan & Smt. Sheila Dixit, Hon’ble Chief Minister of Delhi partners who contributed
on World Environment Day, 2012
immensely to bring forth the
the content and purpose of the exhibition to essence of ‘biodiversity’ and conservation
curious visitors. practices as well as issues of ‘climate change’
in our country. Vikram A Sarabhai Community
SEBS was launched on World Environment
Science Centre (VASCSC) and Centre for
Day (5 June 2012) from Delhi Safdarjung by
Environment Education (CEE), Ahmedabad
Smt. Sheila Dixit, Hon’ble Chief Minister of Delhi
along with the lead knowledge partner
and Smt. Jayanti Natarajan, Hon’ble Minister of
including Bombay Natural History Society,
State (I/C), (MoEF). During its first phase which
Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute
ended on 22 December 2012 at Ahmedabad,
of Science, G. B. Pant Institute of Himalayan
it made halts of 3-4 days duration each at
51 locations and over 23 lakh
people visited SEBS, this was way
above the envisaged target of 15
lakhs visitors. It includes 6 lakh
students and 32000 teachers
from 7000 schools. The train was
also stationed at Secunderabad
during 9-19 October 2012 to
showcase it to delegates to
CoP-11.
Wherever the train traveled,
activities were planned before-
hand to engage visitors across
different age groups to reinforce
the message of SEBS and specific
Outreach Programme were Fig-49. School Students visiting the SEBS
271
Environment and Development, Indian Council by the response received, a decision was
of Forestry Research and Education, National taken to make it an annual event.
Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, – This year, the event is providing platform
National Museum of Natural History, Wildlife for exhibition of forests based handicraft,
Institute of India and Wildlife Trust of India, and and Bio diverse and Organic Food & Herbal
several others contributed to give extremely remedies under different categories of
useful information in this unique exhibition on value added forest products.
wheel.
– Through Green Haat the MoEF intends
Print, electronic and digital media gave to build and capitalize upon the rich
special attention to this programme with over traditional knowledge to the local
500 stories/ news items in all leading national communities to augment their forest
& regional newspapers including vernacular based livelihood and generate awareness
besides most TV Channels and major related about the economic significance of forests
websites. Thus through this innovative venture, among all sections of the society.
MoEF was able to reach out to even those who Green Haat 2012 was organised at Dilli
could not physically visit the train but were Haat opposite INA Market, New Delhi for fifteen
made aware of its content by the extensive days with effect from 1st March 2012 to 15th
coverage in media. March 2012. About 1.25 lakh people visited
Green Haat-2012 Green Haat 2012. The Forest based products
put up in the fifty stalls in Green Haat 2012 can
Green Haat 2012 is an initiative of broadly be classified in following mentioned
Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) three categories:
Government of India to showcase different
products made by various NGO’s, Artisans and – Forests based handicrafts (bamboo, cane,
various State Forest Development Corporation/ grass and others)
Federations Forest based products constitute – Herbal Medicine/Health/Cosmetics etc.
a significant segment of the decentralized/ – Food item (forest/agro biodiverse food.
unorganized Sector of our economy.
Library
Its objective is to raise awareness on the
The Library is the documented repository
rich forest and bio diverse heritage of the
of the Ministry for dissemination of information
country among the growing urban population
in the field of environment and its associated
often living far off from the forests. The imitative
areas. It has a collection of over 25,000
is to showcase various value added forest
books and Technical reports etc. Besides, the
based products developed by Rural Artisans,
library also receives more than 38 national/
Community Self Help Groups, NGOs, and
international journals covering diverse areas
State Federations and thus provide support
of environment. Being the scientific Ministry,
to biodiversity conservation and sustainable
Library is one of the richest documentary bases
livelihoods
for scientific journals in the field of environment
– The first Green Haat was organised on the and its associated areas.
eve of World Environment Day 2011 where
The library performs an important role
India played as a Global Host. Encouraged
in the planning, promotion, implementation
272
and coordination of the Ministry’s objectives Other Awareness Programmes

by providing timely access to relevant and Since the financial assistance provided
comprehensive information to its users- for awareness programmes under the NEAC is
officials of the Ministry, external organizations for activities to be conducted in a specific time
(both governmental and non-governmental), frame and are short-term projects restricted
research students, decision makers etc. to a specific area, other proposals for creating
Research scholars from various awareness among diverse target groups are
organisations, institutions and other received throughout the year from various
professional bodies visited the library for a NGOs and other agencies. These are considered
variety of information required by them from on merit as and when received and supported.
time to time. During the financial year 2012-13, twenty one
organisations were approved for financial
Seminars/Symposia/Workshops
8
assistance for conducting other awareness
This programme provides a platform programme.
to scientists/environmentalists/ University
Performance/ Achievements/ Progress made
professionals/ technocrats, etc, to share their
in year 2012-13
knowledge on various subjects related to
environment. The Ministry provides financial – 75,797 Eco-clubs under NGC programme
assistance to the Universities/other institutions/ were supported with the financial
assistance of ` 20.4 Crore during 2012-13
NGOs to organise events (seminars /Symposia/
(as on 21st January, 2013).
Workshops/Conferences) and to publish the
proceedings. The scheme facilitates the transfer – The financial assistance of ` 12.09 crore
of technical know-how to different people was sanctioned under NEAC& number
of participating organisations in NEAC
including local population.
reached upto 13,676.
Universities/professional bodies/technical – Science Express: Biodiversity Special - a
institutions and other R&D organisations collaborative initiative of MoEF and
are very responsive to the programme as is Department of Science & Technology
evidenced by the increase in the number of was launched to generate environmental
proposals being received by the Ministry. Thrust awareness among 2.5 lakh people. We
areas as identified under the programme are crossed the target and achieved the
under constant review and being expanded to number of 2.5 million visitors.
include more new areas. Proposal to enhance State-wise status
the monetary ceilings for events at District,
– Number of eco-clubs established in States
State, National and International levels is
/ UTs is given in Table-61.
under consideration to expand the outreach
– A detail of financial assistance released
of the programme both geographically and
under the NGC programme is given in
demographically. During the financial year
Table-62.
2012-13, thirty six organisations were approved
– Amount sanc tioned under NEAC
for financial assistance for conducting Seminars/
programme and participating
Symposia /Workshop/Conferences etc.
organisations is given in Table-63 & 64.
273
Table-61. Number of eco-clubs established in States/ UTs (*as on 21st Jan 2013)
S. No. State/UT No. of Eco-clubs
2012-13* 2011-12 2010-11
1. Andhra Pradesh 5750 5750 5750
2. Arunachal Pradesh (NE)
3. Assam (NE) 5407 5207 5207
4. Bihar 8871 8971
5. Chandigarh (UT)
6. Chhattisgarh 4000 3932
7. Dadra & Nagar Haveli (UT)
8. Daman & Diu (UT)
9. Delhi (NCT) 1796 1796 1796
10. Goa
11. Gujarat 6500 6750
12. Haryana 5250
13. Himachal Pradesh 3000
14. Jammu & Kashmir
15. Jharkhand 2842 2842
16. Karnataka 8500
17. Kerala 3500 3500 3500
18. Lakshadweep (UT)
19. Maharashtra 8819 8905 8905
20. Manipur (NE) 1750
21. Meghalaya (NE)
22. Mizoram (NE) 1235 1235
23. Madhya Pradesh 12500 12500 12500
24. Nagaland (NE) 2275 2280 2275
25. Odisha 7500 7500 7500
26. Puducherry (UT)
27. Punjab 5500 5000 5000
28. Rajasthan 8250 8250 8000
29. Sikkim (NE)
30. Tamil Nadu 8000 8000 7500
31. Tripura (NE) 750 600
32. Uttar Pradesh
33. Uttaranchal
34. West Bengal 3912
Total 75797 100298 100763
274
Table-62. Financial assistance released under the NGC programme (as on 21st Jan 2013)
(in `)
S. No. STATE/UT 2012-13 2011-12 2010-11
1 Andhra Pradesh 15697500 15697500 15697500
2 Andaman & Nicobar Islands (UT)
3 Arunachal Pradesh (NE)
4 Assam (NE) 14877125 14102125 14377125
5 Bihar 24283875 24546375
6 Chhattisgarh 10911500 10741500
7 Chandigarh (UT)
8 Dadra & Nagar (UT)
8
9 Daman & Diu (UT)
10 Delhi (NCT) 5025750 4950750 4791182
11 Goa
12 Gujarat 15651250 18372375
13 Haryana 14300000
14 Himachal Pradesh 8107976
15 Jammu & Kashmir
16 Jharkhand 3507481 4100985
17 Karnataka 12562262
18 Kerala 9555000 9555000 9450000
19 Lakshadweep (UT)
20 Madhya Pradesh 34125000 34125000 34125000
21 Maharashtra 23460122 23714781 23718362
22 Manipur (NE) 4780000
23 Meghalaya (NE)
24 Mizoram (NE) 3451875 3451875
25 Nagaland (NE) 7036250 6273125 12097125
26 Odisha 20372260 20193734 20474511
27 Puducherry (UT)
28 Punjab 14950000 13650000 13650000
29 Rajasthan 22306369 22522154 21840000
30 Tamil Nadu 21651248 21744654 20475000
31 Tripura (NE) 2055000 1680000
32 Sikkim (NE)
33 Uttarakhand
34 Uttar Pradesh
35 West Bengal 10767750
Total 204707874 268694280 266534495
275
Table-63. Amount sanctioned under NEAC programme since 2010-11

(in `)
S. No. State/UT Amount sanctioned Amount sanctioned Amount sanctioned
(2012-13) (2011-12) (2010-11)
1 Andhra Pradesh 7553000 6917500 6687600
2 Andaman & Nicobar Island 2620000 232000 162000
3 Arunachal Pradesh 40000 57000 164000
4 Assam 3694000 3364400 3708000
5 Bihar 6592000 6500000 6000000
6 Chhattisgarh 1162000 1247000 844000
7 Dadar &Nagar Haveli 14000 -
8 Daman & Diu 81000 68000 85000
9 Delhi 1214000 1151000 1560000
10 Goa 110000 8000 7000
11 Gujarat 6488000 5222000 4485000
12 Haryana 4077000 12500000 10035500
13 Himachal Pradesh 3665000 3011000 1735500
14 Jammu & Kashmir 9757300 9170000 8376500
15 Jharkhand 4807000 4456000
16 Karnataka 2275000 3273000 2784600
17 Kerala 2811000 2606000 2230000
18 Lakshadweep
19 Madhya Pradesh 8609000 6313000 6551000
20 Maharashtra 6305000 5743000 5307500
21 Manipur 2600000 2445000 2383000
22 Meghalaya 30000 97000 88000
23 Mizoram 2540000 2278000 2065000
24 Nagaland 1605000 1601000 1339000
25 Odisha 9076000 8416000 8112000
26 Puducherry 515000 543000 571000
27 Punjab & Chandigarh 5622500 3472300 3536000
28 Rajasthan 2512100 2168000 3044000
29 Sikkim 886000 852000 507000
30 Tamil Nadu 6243000 5760000 6230300
31 Tripura 2533000 2400000 2148000
32 Uttar Pradesh 11487000 11556000 10772000
33 Uttarakhand 1087500 664000 624000
34 West Bengal 7151000 6787000 5881000
Total 120941400 121243200 112479500
276
Table-64. Number of participating organisation in 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13

S. State/UT Participating Participating Participating
No. Organisations Organisations Organisations
(2012-2013) (2011-2012) (2010-2011)
1 Andhra Pradesh 845 837 844
2 Andaman & Nicobar Island 22 22
3 Arunachal Pradesh 4 4
4 Assam 725 465 582
5 Bihar 950 972 594
6 Chhattisgarh 116 169 110
7 Dadar & Nagar Haveli
8 Daman & Diu 7 6
8
9 Delhi 120 133
10 Goa 11
11 Gujarat 638 563 486
12 Haryana 393 1041 846
13 Himachal Pradesh 315 291 141
14 Jammu & Kashmir 894 1174 827
15 Jharkhand 513 445
16 Karnataka 216 464 425
17 Kerala ** 255 255 300
18 Lakshadweep
19 Madhya Pradesh 1059 707 805
20 Maharashtra * 862 861 599
21 Manipur 350 306 303
22 Meghalaya 3 10
23 Mizoram 508 432 299
24 Nagaland 138 170 155
25 Odisha 974 1014 765
26 Puducherry 45 59 67
27 Punjab & Chandigarh 479 220 261
28 Rajasthan 231 229 305
29 Sikkim 118 111 45
30 Tamil Nadu 665 610 738
31 Tripura 316 269 243
32 Uttar Pradesh 1147 1397 1230
33 Uttarakhand 93 56 57
34 West Bengal 1177 937 583
Total 13676 14297 12055
(* It includes Dadar Nagar Haveli ; **Kerala includes Lakshadweep)
277
1429
97
13676
ParticipatingOrganisations
12078
2010Ͳ11 2011Ͳ12
2 2012
2Ͳ13
*As on 21st Jan 2013
Fig-50. Number of ecoclubs supported under Fig-51. Year wise support and number of participating
NGC programme organisations under NEAC
Comparison of Achievements with previous National Museum of Natural History

years/progress made in 2012-13
Introduction
Number of ecoclubs supported under NGC
The National Museum of Natural History
since 2010-11 to 2012-13 is shown in Fig-50.
(NMNH), New Delhi is an institution devoted to
The number of participating organisations Environmental Education (EE) and was opened
in NEAC from 2010-11 to 2012-13 (Fig-51). to the public in 1978 on June 5 on the occasion
of World Environment Day. The Museum
Budget Allocation and progress of
expenditure during 2012-13; XII Plan undertakes EE through the means of Exhibition
Outlay programmes and Educational activities. Even
though the primary target audience of the
The budget allocation of the scheme
Museum is school students, it has developed
and progress of expenditure from 2010-11 to
programmes for other categories of people as
2012-13 (as on 21st January 2013) is given in
well. The NMNH is the pioneer Museum which
Fig-52.
has initiated several specialized programmes to
cater to the needs of Persons with Disabilities.
PlanExpenditureͲ EEATScheme 60.56 The Museum also undertakes many outreach
programmes such as Temporary Exhibitions,
46.25 46.50
Mobile Exhibitions and a large number of
AmountinRs.Crore
45.28 43.9
36.33
Nature Camps. It also arranges many local and
National level competitions leading to Young
Environmentalist of the Year Award (YEYA).
In order to expand the geographical
2010Ͳ11 2011Ͳ12 2012Ͳ13 coverage of its activities, the NMNH has
RevisedEstimate established a few Regional Museums of Natural

History (RMNH) in South India (Mysore) in 1995,
Fig-52. Budget allocation and progress of expenditure
Central India (Bhopal) in 1997 and Eastern India
(Bhubaneswar) in 2004. RMNH are also being
The XII plan outlay for the EEAT scheme is established for Western India (Sawai Madhopur)
Rs 428.20 cr. and for the CoE is Rs 110.00 cr. and North-Eastern India (Gangtok).
278
Objectives Performance/ achievements/ progress made

in 2012-2013
– To implement the policies of the Ministry
under the scheme of environmental – Educational Activities: NMNH along with
education, training and awareness. its Regional Museums of Natural History
– To develop scientific temper in the society (RMNH) organises a number of in-house
on environment and natural history/ and outreach programmes for the benefit
heritage of the country. of school children, college students,
– To innovate in natural history museum teachers, challenged children and general
curatorship consonant with the scope of public. Various National and International
the Museum. days of scientific relevance like World
Wetland Day, World Day for Water, World
– To create human resource in natural history
Forestry Day, International Ozone Day,
8
museum curatorship.
Conservation Day, Earth Day, Environment
– To develop the NMNH as an institution of Day, World Heritage Day, International Bio-
international standard.
diversity day, Wildlife Week, were observed
The NMNH has been undertaking various and different programmes for school
Environmental educational programmes children and challenged children were also
through the educational activities. These also organised. The Museum organises different
include various programmes and competitions educational activities and competitions like
on the following occassions. Quiz, Declamation, On-the-spot Painting,
– World Environment Day Poster Making, Slogan Writing, Essay
Writing, Model Making, Bird Watching and
– Summer Programme-Green Teens and
Tree-spotting for the participating students
Green Cubs
on these occasions.
– Earth Day – Publications: NMNH and its Regional
– International day for Preservation of Ozone Centres published a number of publications
Layer in English, Hindi, Kannada and Oriya on
the topics related to animals, plants,
– Wildlife week
biodiversity and other environment related
– Teacher orientation workshop issues. A special desk calendar has been
– Programme for disabled children printed on the prize winning entries
of poster making competition on the
– World Wetland Day “Biodiversity of Western Ghats” organised
In addition, the NMNH has excelled by NMNH and RMNH. The NMNH and its
in Communication, Education and Public Regional Museums also published posters
Awareness (CEPA) about Biodiversity. It has and booklets including the ‘Tryst with
also developed thrust areas on Museum Nature’ A Green Magazine on Explore
Accessibility (Social inclusion) and Traditional Nature & Environment on Museums
Knowledge about Biodiversity (Intangible Programme, 2012.
Natural Heritage)
279
Exhibitions for children. Total expenditure for the

– Mobile Exhibition: Exhibition on Wheels programme was Rs 60,000/-.
on the theme “Forest Wealth” was on – Temporary Exhibition on “Wildlife and
display on 28th and 29th April, 2012 at Tourism: RMNH, Bhopal conducted a
Capital High School, Unit-III, Bhubaneswar Temporary Exhibition on “Wildlife and
on the occasion of Diamond Jubilee Tourism” on the occasion of Wildlife Week
celebration of the school, 7th & 8th June 2012. Expenditure for the programme was
2012 at Shri Aurobindo Navodayama Siksha Rs 2.00 lakhs.
Niketan, Markona, Balasore, Odisha, at – Temporary Exhibition on “Namma
Adivasi Exhibition ground, Bhubaneswar Mysooru”: A Temporary exhibition on
from 2nd to 6th November 2012 during 11th “Namma Mysooru” was opened in RMNH,
Anjali International Children’s Festival 2012 Mysore. The exhibition was inaugurated by
and at Government High School, Unit – I Shri P.S. Vastrad, IAS., Deputy Commissioner
Bhubaneswar on 11th November 2012, to & District Magistrate, Mysore District
create an understanding and awareness on 17.11.2012. Shri B.P. Ravi, IFS., Chief
among the students and general public Conservator of Forests & Executive Director,
about the forest resources, their role, Sri Chamarajendra Zoological Gardens,
and sustainable use of forest resources. Mysore presided over the function.
Expenditure incurred for the programme Expenditure for the programme was Rs
was `15,000/-. 2.00 lakhs.
– Exhibition of Baleen Whale Skeleton: Workshops:
During the 8th Anniversary of the RMNH
– NMNH New Delhi: A national workshop
Bhubaneswar on 10th August 2012 an
on “Evaluation of Museum Visitors and
Exhibition of 47.3ft. Baleen Whale skeleton
Exhibitions” is organised by the NMNH
and some Interesting Marine Creatures was
on 30th and 31st July, 2012. It is a capacity
inaugurated by Shri Naveen Patnaik Hon’ble
building training programme for the staff
Chief Minister of Odisha in the presence
from the NMNH and other Museums as
of Shri Bijayashree Routray, Hon’ble
well as students of Museology/Heritage
Minister, Forest & Environment, Labour &
etc.Expenditure for the programme was
Employees State Insurance, Government of
Rs 30,000/-.
Odisha, Shri Debi Prasad Mishra, Hon,ble
Minister, Agriculture , Fisheries and Animal The NMNH organised an International
Resource Development, Govt. of Odisha, Conference on “Natural History of Indian
Dr. (Mrs) P. Mohanty-Hejmadi, Former Biodiversity” during 4th-5th October 2012
Vice Chancellor, Sambalpur University, in Hyderabad as a side event of UN CoP
Dr. G.V. Subrahmanyam, Advisor Ministry 11 (Biodiversity).
of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India Two days workshop was conducted during
and Dr. B Venugopal Director, National 22nd– 23rd August, 2012 at NMNH, New
Museum of Natural History. As a part of Delhi for getting expert guidance from
this programme , painting competition National Council of Education Research
and Quiz competition was also organized and Training (NCERT), District Institute
280
of Education andTraining and In-service of V to VII Standard level based on NCERT

teachers of Navyug Schools to develop curriculum. Main objective of the workshop
and evaluate Learning Kits for teaching is to identify the content, text, activities,
Environmental Studies at Primary level information sheets and write up to be
based on NCERT curriculum. Trainee incorporated in the form of user’s guide
teachers from DIET (Daryaganj, R. K. for the Learning Kits in Biology with the
Puram) also participated in this workshop. guidance, interaction and inputs from
Expenditure for programme was Rs experts and the participating teachers
30,000/-. based on their classroom experiences.
In order to sensitize the school children Expenditure for the programme was Rs
regarding understanding the human- 30,000/-.
nature relationship, a workshop was – RMNH Mysore: A teacher’s workshop was
8
organised by NMNH with children to organised during 14th–15th Sept., 2012
make “Seed Balls” from 29th November to in order to train the biology teachers
6th December, 2012. The objective of the in Mysore for making Biology Kits.
workshop was to explain the technique Expenditure for the programme was Rs
of making “Seed Balls” and its use. The 30,000/-.
focus was on the Indian history of plants – RMNH Bhopal: Workhshop on Biological
especially food crops and influences Preservation Technique and Taxidermy was
and value in today’s urban context, that organized during 28th–29th September, 2012
seed have life and how it grows and as a part of regular training programme
become food on our plate. An interactive for inservice Museum Professional/
installation with thousands of seed packed Biology Teachers/ Laboratory Assistant
mud balls is prepared by the children. The of various Museum/Schools/Colleges.
mud balls consist of food crops, herbs, Expediture incurred for the programme
vegetables and flowering seeds. The seed was `30,000/-.
balls are installed in the form of exhibit in
Collaborative Programmes
the first floor gallery of the museum from
where the visitors can take away the seed – NMNH New Delhi: NMNH, in collaboration
balls and throw them on any cultivable with Hindustan Times, organized annual
soil in their locality or in the flower pots Inter-school essay writing competition. The
at their home and see the natural growth winners of the competition were taken to
of the plant from a seed. The workshop Arawali Biodiversity Park, Delhi for Nature
was open for the children from classes Study Tour. Expenditure for the programme
IV – VI .Expenditure for the programme was Rs 30,000/-.
was Rs 30,000/-. NMNH was one of the venues of the
– RMNH Bhubaneswar: The Museum popular TV event “Save Our Tigers”
organized a two days Teacher Training campaign by NDTV– Aircell on Sunday,
Workshop durng 4th–5th October, 2012 15th July, 2012. It was aimed at spreading
in collaboration with Regional Institute awareness about the state of tigers and
of Education (NCERT), Bhubaneswar to the threat to their survival. The event was
develop Learning Kits in Biology for classes collaboration among NMNH, Sanctuary
281
India magazine and NDTV and was covered evolution of snakes, snakes of India, types
live during the telethon. The activities of poisons, poisonous & non-poisonous
included Drawing competition, Collage snakes and their habits & habitats by the
making, Mask making and Clay modeling. Snake expert. The snake charmers shared
Many Units of the Museum (Education, their knowledge about the herbs that they
Art, Modelling etc) along with Scientists use for treating snake bite victims and also
were involved. A large number of school played tune on their Been. Expenditure
children from Delhi and National Capital for the programme was `30,000/-.
Region (NCR) and their teachers, parents/ – RMNH Bhubaneswar: Environmental
guardians participated in this event. The Awareness Programmes-2012 were held
event started at 10:00 am and continued at Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya (JNV),
till 6:00 pm. Special films based on nature, Khordha on 18th July 2012, at JNV, Cuttack
environment and wildlife especially on on 20th July 2012, at JNV Konark, Puri
Tigers were screened in the Museum District on 18th August 2012, at JNV,
auditorium. School children were involved Salbani, Mayurbhanj District on 19th August
in making a large collage of Tiger in the 2012, at JNV, Panikoili, Jajpur District on
Museum. Shri Nitin Gadkari, the President 14th September-2012, at JNV, Rahama,
BJP and Dr. R. K. Pachauri, the DG of TERI Jagatsinghpur District on 18th September-
visited the Museum during the programme 2012, JNV, Sarang, Dhenkanal District on
and their opinion about saving the tigers 11th October 2012, at JNV, Bagudi, Balasore
were telecast by NDTV. Expenditure for District on 13th October 2012, JNV, Baro,
programme was borne by NDTV-Aircell Kendrapara District on 8th Dec. 2012 and at
and Sanctuary India Magazine JNV Belpada and Bolangir District on 16th
Outreach Programmes December 2012. The programme included
a written quiz on environment followed
– NMNH New Delhi: A special out-reach
by film show on nature, environment &
programme was conducted for the children
wildlife, presentation on poisonous and
from Sapera community (Snake charmers)
non-poisonous snakes and interaction
of Delhi during 5th-7th July, 2012 to make
with the participants. Expenditure for the
them aware of their environment and
programme was ` 2.00 lakhs.
help them use the Museum resources to
enhance their knowledge about nature and Earth Day
wildlife through various activities and visits. – On the occasion of Earth Day a National
The programme included exposure to the Level “Poster Making Competition”
Museum resources, creative programmes was conducted in NMNH New Delhi and
in the Museum, interactive sessions in the its regional centres at Mysore, Bhopal,
Sapera colony, visit to Aravalli Biodiversity Bhubaneswar and Sawai Madhopur on
Park, Vasant Vihar etc. In addition to the 22nd April 2012 for the students of IX
Education, Art and Modelling units, a few & X Classes to select the candidate for
outside epxerts and NGO “Khushi” were the Young Environmentalist of the Year
involved in organising the programme. Award-2012. The theme of the contest
There was an interesting session on was “Green Economy: Does it include
282
you?” Expenditure for the programme Director General of Police (Jail), Bhopal
was ` 1.10 lakhs. was the Chief Guest. The Participants of
World Environment Day poster making competition and summer
vacation programmes attended the
– NMNH, New Delhi World Environment session along with their parents. The
Day and the 34th Anniversary of the NMNH Chief Guest distributed the prizes and
Foundation Day were organised on 05 certificates to the winners of poster making
June, 2012. On this special occasion Smt competition and participants of summer
Sheila Dikshit, Chief Minister, National vacation programmes. Expenditure for the
Capital Territory (NCT) Delhi conferred programme was ` 22,000/-.
“Young Environmentalist of the Year Award
– Rajiv Gandhi RMNH, Sawai Madhopur-
-2012 to Shri Tushar Sahay, a class XII
Prize distribution function was organized
student of Lilawati Vidhya Mandir Senior
8
on 5th June, 2012 for the winners of Poster
Secondary School, Shakti Nagar, New Delhi.
Design Contest held on 22nd April 2012.
The day also marked with flagging off of
Expenditure for the programme was
the Science Express: Biodiversity Special
` 22,000/-.
(SEBS) by the Ministry of Environment and
Forests in collaboration with Department Summer vacation programmes
of Science & Technology. The Hon’ble – NMNH New Delhi- NMNH HQ New Delhi
Minister of State (I/C) for Environment and organised Summer Vacation Programme-
Forests, Smt. Jayanti Natarajan along with 2012 from 18th to 31st May, 2012. The
Chief Minister of NCT of Delhi, Smt. Sheila programme involved orientation by
Dikshit flagged off the train from Delhi Education staff and interactive sessions
Safdarjung Railway Station. The flag off with Art and Modelling Units. The activities
function was coordinated by the NMNH. included Nature Painting, Still Life/Pencil
– RMNH Bhubaneswar- On the occasion Shading, Creating Art out of Waste, Animal/
of Valedictory function of summer Bird Mask making, Talk/Slide Presentation
programmes on 5th June, 2012, prizes on Nature in our surrounding, Nature Quiz,
and certificates were distributed to the Artificial Flower making, Clay modeling in
participants of Green Cubs and Poster Round/3D Model, Making your own Relief
making competition held on 22nd April, Model in Clay, Nature Painting Contest and
2012. Expenditure for the programme was Visit to Nehru Planetarium. Valediction and
` 22,000/-. Prize Distribution was held on 31st May
– RMNH Mysore- World Environment Day 2012. Expenditure for the programme was
was organised by a guest lecture by Dr. M. ` 25,000/-.
D. Madhusudan on “Wildlife conservation – RMNH Mysore- The RMNH Mysore
in a Crowded Country”. Expenditure for organized Summer Vacation Programme
the programme was ` 22,000/-. for Children. The programme included
– RMNH Bhopal- Regional Museum various activities like Mural painting using
of Natural History (RMNH), Bhopal M-Seal base and Acrylic paints, Science
organized World Environment Day on behind Magic, Model preparation, lecture
5 th June 2012. Shri Surinder Singh, on Flora & Fauna of Chamundi Hills, Zoo
283
visit, Nature trail to Karanji Lake, field trip species in the campus. No expenditure
to Ranganathittu bird sanctuary and skit was incurred in this programme.
on Nature. Expenditure for the programme International Ozone Day
was ` 25,000/-.
– NMNH New Delhi- To commemorate this
– RMNH Bhopal- The RMNH Bhopal
day, Poem and Essay Writing Competitions
inaugurated Summer Vacation Programme
were held for the children from Classes VIII
for Children on May 18th, 2012. Students
to X of Delhi and NCR schools for sensitizing
from various schools of Bhopal attended
children about the importance of Ozone
the inaugural session along with their
Layer and to inculcate awareness about
parents. Expenditure for the programme
Climate Change and other environmental
was ` 25,000/-.
issues. The theme for Essay writing
– RMNH Bhubaneswar- The RMNH was: “Protecting our atmosphere for
Bhubaneswar organised Summer Vacation generations to come”. The Topics for Poem
Programme for Children during 22nd- writing were: Saving the Ozone layer,
31st May 2012. Children from various Effects of Climate change, Biodiversity and
parts of Bhubaneswar attended the Conserve our forests. Expenditure for the
various programmes. Expenditure for the programme was ` 60,000.
programme was ` 25,000/-.
– RMNH Bhubaneswar- Written and Oral
Van Mahotsava quiz competitions were organized by
– RMNH Mysore- The RMNH Mysore the Museum to create awareness among
organised various programmes in children about the ill-effects of ozone
connection with Van Mahotsav 2012. layer depletion, green house gases, global
The Programme was held at various warming etc. for the students of Class VIII
Schools and Colleges of Mysore during to X on the occasion of International Day
the month of July with an expenditure for Preservation of Ozone Layer on 16th
of ` 30,000/-. September, 2012. Expenditure incurred
for the programme was ` 25,000/-.
– RMNH Bhubaneswar- The Museum
organised Van Mahotsav during 1st week of Wildlife Week
July 2012 by planting saplings of different – NMNH New Delhi- In order to sensitize
the school children on the matters for
preservation and to arouse a general
awakening in favour of protection of
wildlife, schools in Delhi/NCR were invited
to NMNH where education staff interacted
with them and made them aware about
the wildlife of India through guided tour
of the museum galleries. This included a
talk on wildlife of India followed by exhibit
interpretation in the museum galleries and
film show in the museum auditorium. The
Fig-53. Winter Nature Camp at Aravalli Biodiversity Park,
special guided tour was available on prior
284
booking and registration by the schools. Empowerments of women/ weaker

– RMNH Mysore- To create awareness sections
among the student community about – A large number of educational programmes
wildlife, Painting competition, Elocution and competitions for children with
Competition, Film show, and visit to disabilities were organised by all the
Mysore Zoo were organized at Vivekananda Museums under the NMNH located at New
Shikshana Samasthe, Bannur, Mysore. Delhi, Mysore, Bhopal and Bhubaneswar. In
Expenditure incurred for the programme addition, the NMNH New Delhi organised
was ` 30,000/-. 3 days special programme for socially
excluded community of Sapera.
– RMNH Bhopal- Quiz and Poster making
competition on the subject Climate – NMNH New Delhi- Essay writing in Braille,
Change and Biodiversitiy was organized on declamation contest for visually challenged
8
24th November 2012 for hearing impaired students. A week long programme for
students. Expenditure incurred for the Specially Challenged Children includes
programme was `45,000/-. nature painting competition for hearing
impaired, clay modelling for physically
Winter Programme challenged and collage painting and
– NMNH and its RMNH organised Winter animal – bird mask making for mentally
Nature Camp for Children during December challenged organised in the month of
2012 in various Regional venues (New February.
Delhi, Mysore, Bhopal, and Bhubaneswar). – RMNH Mysore- Painting Competition,
Expenditure incurred for this programme Singing Competition, M odelling
was `1,20,000/-. (`30,000/- for each Competition, and Museum Visit for 10 days,
Regional Museum). Prize Distribution Function will be organised
Budget Allocation and Expenditure during the month of February 2013.
During the current financial year (2012-13, Important Committees/ Commissions

up to end of December 2012), the position of An Advisory Committee common to
Plan budget expenditure is given in Table-65. all Museums under the NMNH was recently
Table-65. Position of Plan Budget Expenditure

(in ` lakh)
2012-13 Budget Revised Total Exp. % of Exp.

Estimates Estimates up to end of to B.E.
Dec 2012
PLAN 1315.00 1720.00 1034.88 78.70
Revenue 815.00 820.00 598.62 73.45
NMNH HQ 410.00 404.00 280.83 68.50
RMNH 405.00 416.00 317.79 78.47
Capital 500.00 900.00 436.26 87.25
285
constituted with Dr. Saroj Ghose (Former also of other Stakeholders. The Academy
President of International Council of Museums) is a part of Forest Research Institute (FRI)
as Chairman and Experts members (non- campus in Dehradun. This institution earlier
officials) are functioned as Indian Forest College during
1938-1987. In 1987, when the Indian Council
– Prof. S.C. Batla, Head, Department of
of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE)
Botany, University of Delhi
was established as an autonomous institution,
– Dr. S.D. Biju, Associate Professor, the Indian Forest College was named as Indira
Department of Environmental Biology, Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA) in
University of Delhi recognition of contribution of the late Prime
– Sh G. S. Rautela, Director General, National Minister to the forestry sector in the country.
Council of Science Museums, Kolkata The IGNFA functions as an institution directly
Fo re s t r y E d u c at i o n , Tra i n i n g a n d under the control of Ministry of Environment
Extension and Forests.
The present system of forestry education The following is the brief account of the
and training is tailored to produce skilled forest main activities during the financial year 2012-
managers to manage, protect and conserve 13:
the forests in consonance with National Forest
Mid-Career Training Programme
Policy, 1988, forestry action programmes etc.
The activities related to forestry education, – Started in the year 2012-13, the Academy
training and extension are performed by the this year has conducted three Phase-V
different institute of the Ministry like Indira Mid-Career Training Programmes.
Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), – 2011-13 Indian Forest Service Probationers
Dehradun; Directorate of Forest Education batch underwent Indian Military Academy
(DFE), Dehradun; Indian Council of Forestry attachment for Weapons’ Training, Horse-
Research and Education (ICFRE), Dehradun; riding and Swimming
Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM),
The Convocation of 2011-13 batch
Bhopal; and Indian Plywood Industries and
Training Institute (IPIRTI), Bengaluru. – The 2011-13 batch of Indian Forest Service
Officers passed out in August 2012. The
Progress of activities undertaken by Convocation Ceremony was held in August
various institutes 2012, in Convocation Hall of FRI building.
Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy As done last year, this year award of ‘Hari
(IGNFA), Dehradun Singh Fellows’ was given to four shortlisted
Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy Probationers for pursuing specialization
(IGNFA) is the training centre of Indian in wildlife/ and Remote Sensing and
Forest Service (IFS) Officers. The institution Geographic Information System (GIS).
undertakes training of new recruits to the Coordination Training Programmes
Indian Forest Service which is spread over – During the current year, IGNFA undertook
a period of 20 months. Besides this, the three coordination training programmes
institution also undertakes training of IFS for the three All India Service Officers. The
Officers at various years of seniority and
286
four days’ training programmes for Indian Country participated. The training was
Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Police well received. One four day orientation
Service (IPS) and IFS Officers included course for Indian Revenue Service Officers
one day field visit to Rajaji National Park. is scheduled to be held in the month of
These training programmes were well March,2013.
received. New Batch of 2012-14 Course
2011-13 batch of IFS trainees – Eighty three Probationers of IFS joined
– Four members of this batch resigned to join the three Academies viz., Academy of
other services. The batch size is currently 67. Administration, Bhopal, Dr.Marri Chenna
The Probationers, apart from undergoing Reddy Institute, Hyderabad and National
regular training in the Academy, undertook Academy of Direct Taxes for Foundation
Hill Tour, West India Tour, Sourth India Tour Course as per the orders of Department
8
and Parliamentary appreciation Course. of Personnel and Training. Offers of
During the Parliamentary appreciation appointment has been issued to two more
Course, they called on Her Excellency, the candidates to join directly the Professional
President of India. They have undergone Course in this Academy. This batch would
South & West India Tours and would be undergo Indian Military Attachment for
undergoing East, Central and Working Plan Horse-riding, Weapons Training, Swimming
Exercise. and would also undergo Introductory
Induction Training Tour.
Directorate of Forest Education (DFE),
– Induction training of forest officers
Dehradun
inducted into the Indian Forest Service
by promotion from State Forest Service Introduction
began 7th January,2013. The Directorate of Forest Education (DFE)
Reunion of Old batches under the Ministry is responsible for imparting
professional/technical training/education in
– One reunion workshops for the forest
the Country to the State Forest Service (SFS)
officers of 1982 batch were held in the
Officers and Forest Range Officers (FROs). The
Academy during the year. In this workshop,
Directorate also supplements the efforts of
the ‘Green India Mission’ was discussed and
various States for the training and capacity
the Probationers interacted and benefitted
building of the Forest Frontline Staff (Deputy
from the experiences of senior officers.
Rangers, Foresters and Forest Guards) through
One reunion workshop for officers of
the respective Forest Training Institutes. There
50 years of Service was held during 8-9
are three Academies and One College under the
May,2012.
Directorate and the names and intake capacity
Training of members of Higher Judiciary and (Per batch) of these colleges is as under:
Indian Revenue Service Officers
– Central Academy for State Forest Service,
– A three day sensitization course for
Dehradun 40
members of higher judiciary was held in
the month of November,2012 in which – Central Academy for State Forest Service,
22 members from various parts of the Coimbatore 40
287
– Central Academy for State Forest Service, – One batch (course 2010-12) of newly
Burnihat 40 recruited SFS officers passed out from
– Eastern Forest R angers College, CASFOS, Dehradun on 30.06.2012.
Kurseong 30 – Three fresh batches (course 2012-14)
Objectives commenced from 02.07.2012/ 09.07.2012/
28.08.2012 respectively at Central Academy
– To cater to the training needs of SFS Officers for State Forest Service (CASFOS), Burnihat
and FROs of States/ Union Territories in (Assam), Forest Rangers College, Balaghat
the country. (Madhya Pradesh) & Forestry Training
– To ensure standard and quality of training Institute, Sundernagar (Himachal Pradesh)
being imparted to SFS Officers and for Induction training in the form of
FROs. “Eighteen months certificate course” for
– To develop appropriate and relevant the newly recruited FROs of various States/
training contents and evaluation standards Union Territories.
for forestry training at various levels. – Two batches (course 2011-12) of newly
– To suggest training policy for effective recruited FROs commenced from
Human Resource Management and 01.07.2011 and 06.05.2011 respectively
Development. are undergoing training at Forest Rangers
– To supplement the efforts of State College, Balaghat (Madhya Pradesh) and
Governments in the training of Forest Uttarakhand Forestry Training Academy,
Frontline Staff (Forest Guards, Foresters Haldwani (Uttarakhand). One batch (course
and Deputy Rangers). 2011-13) commenced from 15.11.2011 is
undergoing training at CASFOS, Burnihat
Activities undertaken/ achievements during (Assam) & one batch (course 2012-13)
the year (upto 31st Dec., 2012)
commenced from 14.02.2012 at Andhra
– One fresh batch (course 2012-14) Pradesh Forest Academy, Dulapally
commenced at Central Academy for (Andhra Pradesh) respectively.
State Forest Service (CASFOS), Dehradun – One batch (course-2010-12) of newly
with effect from 07.09.2012 for Induction recruited FROs passed out from CASFOS,
training in the form of “Two year Diploma Burnihat (Assam) on 27.04.2012.
Course” for the newly recruited SFS Officers
– Sixty two Participants attended in four
of various States/Union Territories.
thematic area General Refresher Course,
– One batch (course 2011-13) commenced each of two weeks duration, for in-service
from 14.07.2011 of newly recruited SFS SFS Officers at CASFOS, Dehradun, Burnihat
Officers is undergoing training at Central and Coimbatore.
Academy for State Forest Service (CASFOS),
– Fifty one participants attended three
Dehradun and two batch (course 2011-
thematic area General Refresher Courses,
13 & course 2012-14) commenced from
each of two weeks duration for in-service
21.07.2011 & 05.01.2012 respectively
FROs at Eastern Forest Rangers College,
are undergoing training at Central
Kurseong/Central Academy for State Forest
Academy for State Forest Service (CASFOS),
Service ,Burnihat.
Coimbatore.
288
– Thirty two participants attended in three – Two batches (Course 2009-2011) of

one week workshop on community newly recruited SFS officers passed out
Forestry and JFM/ Policy legal issues in from CASFOS, Dehradun and CASFOS,
Forestry & wildlife for inservice FROs at Coimbatore.
Eastern Forest Rangers College, Kurseong/ – Induction training in the form of “Eighteen
Central Academy for State Forest Service, months certificate course” for the newly
Burnihat. recruited FROs of various states/Union
– Ninety one participants attended in seven Territories has been undertaken. One
Workshops, each of one week duration, batch (course 2010-12) and one batch
on workshop community Forestry & JFM/ (course,2011-13) are undergoing training
Human resource management Wildlife at CASFOS, Burnihat.
Management/ Training of Trainers/ Legal – Two batches of newly recruited FROs
8
issues in Forestry for in-service SFS Officers (Course 2010-11) passed out from CASFOS,
at CASFOS, Dehradun/Coimbatore. Burnihat & CASFOS Coimbatore.
– Around 1900 participants participated in – Four General Refresher courses, each of
sixty nine General Refresher Courses, two weeks duration, were conducted for in-
each of two weeks duration conducted service SFS Officers at CASFOS, Dehradun
for in-service Forest Frontline Staff (Deputy ,Burnihat and Coimbatore.
Rangers, Foresters & Forest Guards)
– One General Refresher Courses, each of
through 49 Forestry Training Institutions
two weeks duration, was conducted for
of 29 States.
in-service FROs at Eastern Forest Rangers
– Around 80 participants participated in Two College, Kurseong.
Theme based Workshop of one week
– Two Computer Application courses in
duration conducted for in-service FROs
Forestry, each of two weeks duration, were
through State Forest Training Institute.
conducted for in-service SFS Officers/FROs
– Forty one Master Trainers participated in at CASFOS, Burnihat and Eastern Forest
two weeks Master Trainers Training courses Rangers College (EFRC), Kurseong.
funded by Japan International Cooperation
– Eight Workshops, each of one week
Agency (JICA) Project conducted at
duration, on Wildlife Management /
CASFOS, Dehradun.
Community Forestry and JFM/Training
– Induction training in the form of “Two of Trainers/Legal issues in Forestry
year Diploma Course” for the newly and Wildlife/Wildlife Management/
recruited SFS Officers of various States/ Human Resource Management/Wildlife
Union Territories has been undertaken. Management and Policy & Legal Issues
One batch (course 2010-12) & Two batches for in-service SFS Officers/FROs at
(course 2011-13) of newly recruited CASFOS, Dehradun/Coimbatore and EFRC,
SFS Officers are undergoing training at Kurseong.
Central Academy for State Forest Service
– One theme based course in Wildlife
(CASFOS), Dehradun and Coimbatore and
management of two weeks duration for
one course 2012-14 SFS will commence
in-service FROs was conducted at Eastern
from 5th January, 2012.
Forest Rangers College, Kurseong.
289
– Seventy three General Refresher Courses, over the country are groomed to meet the
each of two weeks duration, were managerial requirements of the corporate
conducted for in-service Forest Frontline and development sectors. The structure of the
Staff (Deputy Rangers, Foresters & Forest programme has been designed to ensure that
Guards) through 49 Forestry Training the skills acquired are put in application during
Institutions of 29 states. the course itself. The programme is designed
– Two Theme based workshop of one week to produce young managers who are sensitive
duration was conducted for in-service FROs to both natural and social environment.
through State Forest Training Institute. The students who have successfully
– One “Two week Training on Combating completed the programme are awarded the‘Post
Desertification and Climate Change” Graduate Diploma in Forestry Management’
for India Africa Forum Sponsored by at the annual convocation in April every year.
Ministry of External Affairs ,Government The PGDFM is recognised by All India Council
of India, New Delhi conducted at CASFOS, for Technical Education (AICTE) and equated
Dehradun. to a corresponding Masters Degree of Indian
Budget Outlay and Expenditure University by Association of Indian Universities
(AIU).
12th Plan Outlay : ` 38.30 crore
The admission to this course is through CAT
Allocation for 2012-13 : ` 4.83 crore
(Common Admissions Test) being conducted
Expenditure during 2012-13 : ` 3.68 crore
by IIMs followed by Group Discussion and
(till 27.12.2012)
Personal Interview (GD & PI) at IIFM. The
Indian Institute of Forest Management candidates opting for a career in IIFM apply
(IIFM), Bhopal separately.
Brief Objectives To address changing needs of the sector,
The Institute offers three academic the PGDFM programme was made broad based
programmes, Post Graduate Programme in by introducing three major specialisation
Forestry Management (equivalent to Masters modules, viz., Conservation & Livelihood
Degree), Fellow Programme in Management (C&L), Environmental Management (EM) and
and M.Phil (Natural Resource Management). Development Management (DM).
The Institute is also recognised as a Nodal
Activities of PGDFM 2011-13
Centre for Research by Forest Research
Institute, Deemed University (FRI), Dehradun The 89 students of PGDFM 2011-13 batch
for Doctoral programme. completed their summer internship during
April 05 – June 08, 2012 in 49 organisations
Post G raduate D iploma in Forest for 10 weeks out of the 151 internship offers
Management (PGDFM) received.
The two year fully residential post graduate
Field Work – II component for PGDFM
programme leading to the award of the Post
2011-13 batch was organized during 25.11.2012
Graduate Diploma in Forestry Management
to 8.12.2012, wherein the Environmental
(PGDFM) was launched in July 1988. Students
Management Group was exposed to the
with diverse academic backgrounds from all
concepts of environment friendly energy
290
production, environmental care, energy Table-66. Number of Students placed in

conservation, ecological aspects, wildlife Various Companies after Completing
management, ecotourism, research and Summer Internship
conservation aspects, nursery management
Name of the organization No. of
etc. in Haryana and Uttarakhand. Similarly, students
Conservation and Livelihood Management placed
Group was taken to Uttarakhand giving them Madhya Pradesh Eco Development 2
exposure to many conservation and livelihood Board
aspects such as water conservation, biodiversity Sambodhi Research and 2
conservation, sustainable agriculture, Communication Private Limited
environmental sanitation, depot management NABARD Financial Services 2
and timber trading, silvicultural aspects etc.
NR Management Consultants India 1
8
and Development Management Group was Private Ltd
taken to Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh,
Access Development Services 2
Rajasthan and Uttarakhand to get firsthand
SRIJAN 4
knowledge about socioeconomic analysis,
opportunities and challenges in development Neuerth India Private Limited 6
sector, women empowerment aspects, Annapurna Microfinance Private 3
watershed development, organic farming, Limited
entrepreneurship development, capacity Greenply Industries Ltd. 1
building, land productivity development and Madhya Pradesh Forest Department 4
rural infrastructure development. ICICI Foundation 3
In the batch of PGDFM 2011-13, as on 31st FINO Paytech Limited 10
December 2012, 60 students out of 89 have Sahyog Microfinance 4
been placed in 16 companies (Table-66). The Society for Elimination of Rural 10
placement process is on and rest of the students Poverty, Andhra Pradesh
are likely to get placed by January end. Odisha Rural Livelihood Project 5
Activities of PGDFM 2012-14 Sudiksha Knowledge Solutions 1
The programme of PGDFM 2012-14 Total 60
commenced from July 02, 2012 with 89 students
selected following the reservation policy as per exposure to forestry operations management,
the Government of India norms. For admission fundamentals of forestry, wildlife conservation,
of this batch, 1607 applications were received ecotourism, social aspects of Joint Forest
and 516 candidates were shortlisted for Group Management (JFM), forest settlements etc. in
Discussions/Personal Interview conducted Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra.
at Bengaluru during April 9-10, 2012 and at
Admissions
Bhopal during April 9-12, 2012.
The admission announcement for 2013-
Field work – I component for PGDFM
15 batch was published in leading national
2012-14 batch was organized during
dailies. A total number of 1546 applications
10.12.2012 to 28.12.2012. Students were given
were received with CAT registration number.
291
M.Phil (Natural Resource Management) Indian Plywood Industries Research and

Training Institute (IPIRTI), Bengaluru
The programme is affiliated to Saurashtra
University, Rajkot, Gujarat. The degree shall be Training is an important tool to facilitate
granted by the Faculty of Science, Saurashtra the industries for efficient utilization of
University, Rajkot and the course will be manpower resources, increase the productivity
conducted at IIFM Bhopal. and reduce the overall cost of production.
Human Rresources Department needs of the
The programme of M.Phil. (NRM) 2012-
mechanical wood industries are met by the
13 commenced from July 02, 2012 with seven
Institute by conducting one year post graduate
candidates selected against the admission
diploma course and short term vocational
announcement. During the admission process,
courses. Training enhances the professional
the Institute received 37 applications, out of
competency of managers, supervisory staff and
which 26 candidates were called for Group
industrial workers. IPIRTI is the only training
Discussion/Personal Interview.
institute of its kind in the county in the field of
Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) mechanical wood industries.
The FPM programme is open to Progress/Achievements made during
postgraduates from various disciplines and is the year
designed to provide specialised knowledge,
Post-graduate Diploma in Wood and Panel
skills, and attitudes for positions requiring Industry Technology:
conceptual and application skills. The FPM
During the period, 23rd Training Course
programme aims to develop and equip students
for One year Post-graduate Diploma in Wood
for career opportunities in management
and Panel Industries Technology for graduates
education and research. The programme offers
in Science and Engineering was conducted
financial assistance and contingency grants to
wherein all the 19 candidates completed the
selected non-sponsored candidates.
course successfully and 100% placement was
Five students have been inducted in the arranged through Campus selection process.
FPM 2012-16 batch which commenced from
July 02, 2012. During the admission process, Short term vocational training courses
the Institute received 81 applications, out of Nineteen training courses on Resin
which 54 candidates were called for Group manufacture and Plywood Technology were
Discussion/Personal Interview. conducted in Bengaluru, IPIRTI Field Station,
Kolkata and IPIRTI Field Station, Mohali for
Ph.D. Programme
fresh graduates and technicians from plywood
The Institute functions as one of the factories.
research centers of the FRI Deemed University for
higher studies leading to Doctor of Philosophy. International Training Course:
Currently, 14 candidates are pursuing doctoral A course on “Plywood Manufacturing
programme under the centre of which three Technology” was conducted for ten Trainees
candidates joined this year. from M/s. Rai Plywoods (K) Ltd., Kenya at IPIRTI,
Bengaluru during 2012
292
Special Training Course for Students of was held during 26th – 28th September 2012
Kannur University at IPIRTI campus, to commemorate the Golden
One training course was conducted on Jubilee Year of the Institute. The Conference
Saw milling & Saw Doctoring, Wood working gathered nearly 150 - 200 experts from the
& Wood finishing for M. Sc. Final year students Scientific, Technical and Industrial communities
from Kannur University, Kerala. Ten students and exchanged information on the latest
attended the course. advances and future challenges in the field
of plywood and panel industries. Address by
Training Workshop for IFS Officers Chief Guest Hon’ble Secretary, Dr.T.Chatterjee,
Two training courses were conducted Secretary, MoEF, followed by Address by
for senior IFS officers from various states and Guest of Honours Dr.AbdLatifMohmod, D.G,
union territories of India. FRIM, Malaysia, Dr.MaharajMuthoo, President,
8
Roman Forum, Shri. SajjanBhajanka, President,
New Facilities Established At Institute
FIPPI, Mr.Ladislaus Dory, President, European
Fire check door testing facility Panel Federation (EPF) were delivered during
Keeping future requirements of building inaugural session. Speakers from India and
bye-laws in our country and to facilitate Abroad presented Scientific Research papers
testing of fire check doors, the facility has on the theme of the Conference viz. Status of
been established at IPIRTI for testing fire Panel Industry-Country Scenario, Raw Material:
performance of full size door/shutters as per Demand & Supply, Certification, Policy &
national/ international standards such as Legal Issues, HRD & Marketing, Technological
BS 476 (part 20 and 22), IS 3614 (part 2), ISO Innovation and Value Addition.
3008:2007 and BS EN 1634-1:2000 using latest Agreements with Countries/International
technologies and instrumentation comparable Organizations
with best in the world. Door samples received
– An MOU signed between IPIRTI and WKI
from outside agencies were tested as per
Germany to promote “co-operation in the
national/ international standards.
field of research and education
Formaldehyde emission/ VOC measurement – IPIRTI signed MOU with M/s. Habitate for
chamber humanity international (HFHI) Nepal, for
It is used to evaluate the organic emissions transfer of technology on bamboo mat
from wood and wood based panel materials. corrugated sheet and bamboo mat ridge
This helps in developing techniques for cap
screening of products for organic emissions. – An agreement was signed between IPIRTI,
Data useful to manufacturers and builders Sarda plywood industries ltd (SPIL) of
for assessing the product emissions can be India and faculty of forestry, bayview
developed including the control options for flowers ltd of Canada for R &D related
further improvements in products to the commercialization of biopanels
manufacturing from rice straw and
International Conference
digestate using green adhesives.
An International Conference on “Future
of Panel Industry-Challenges and Key Issues”
293
Wildlife Education and Training in Madhya Pradesh from April 4-18, 2012.
The Management Plan Exercise was held at
Wildlife Institute of India (WII)
Dandeli - Anshi Tiger Reserve in Karnataka
Wildlife education and training is primarily from May 3 - June 1, 2012. All the officer
looked after by Wildlife Institute of India (WII), trainees have successfully completed the
Dehradun; an autonomous institute of the course and seven of them were awarded
Ministry for imparting training to government the Honours Diploma for securing 75%
and non-governmental personnel to carry out and above marks.
research and training activities and advice on
– XXXIV Post Graduate Diploma in
matters of conservation and management of
Advanced Wildlife Management,
wildlife resources. The details of educational
September 1, 2012 to June 30, 2013. The
and training programmes conducted by the
XXXIV Course commenced on September
Institute are as follows:
1, 2012 for a duration of 10-month at this
Academic and Training Institute with a total of 20 officer trainees
of the rank of Deputy Conservator of
Courses and Training Programmes
Forests/Assistant Conservator of Forests
– XIII M.Sc. (Wildlife Science) Course, June and equivalent levels. Among them,
2011 to June 2013. The XIII M.Sc. Wildlife 17 officers under training representing
Science course commenced on June 29, different States within country and three
2011. A total of 14 students (12 Indian foreign nationals (2 from Nepal and 1
and 2 foreign students) joined the course. from Bangladesh) joined the course. These
The students were taken for High Altitude foreign nationals are sponsored by the
Tour to Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary and Global Tiger Forum, New Delhi.
Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve from April
– XXVIII Certificate Course in Wildlife
30, 2012 to May 10, 2012. They were taken
Management, November 1, 2012 to January
to Southern India (Tamil Nadu & Kerala)
31, 2013. The course commenced on
from October 16, 2012 to November
November 1, 2012 for the duration of 3
5, 2012 for Conservation Practice &
months. Ten officer trainees (2 each from
Management Tour to train them on
Madhya Pradesh, India; Malaysia, Bhutan;
different wildlife techniques and provide
1 each from Lao PDR; Nepal; Vietnam;
knowledge regarding identification of flora
and Thailand) joined the course. The
& fauna. The students also defended their
trainee officers were taken to Haridwar
dissertation proposals during the reporting
on November 11, 2012 to see Science
period.
Express Biodiversity Special Train. They
– XXXIII Post Graduate Diploma Course were taken to Dhanaulti–Kaddukhal area
in Advanced Wildlife Management on December 23, 2012 to familiarize them
concluded, September 1, 2011 to June to the vegetation, altitudinal succession
30, 2012. The course commenced on of vegetation and management of Eco-
September 1, 2011 at the Institute with park. The officer trainees were taken for
nine officer trainees. During the reporting their Orientation-Cum-Techniques Tour
period, the Management Term Paper at Sariska Tiger Reserve and Keoladeo
Exercise was held at Kanha National Park National Park, Rajasthan from November
294
25, 2012 to December 7, 2012. The officer chaired the Annual Research Seminar. A
trainees were taken to various protected total of 18, presentations were made in
areas in West Bengal, such as Mahananda five technical sessions. The presentations
Sanctuary, Senchal Sanctuary, Gorumara were based on the ongoing/completed
National Park, Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary, research studies. About 225 delegates
Buxa Tiger Reserve, Darjeeling Zoo, Ramsar attended the ARS that included the
sites at Bhitarkanika and Chilika and a visit Principal Chief Conservators of Forests,
to Nandankanan Zoological Park for their Chief Wildlife Wardens and other senior
Management Tour during January 11-25, officials representing State Forest
2013. The course concluded on January 31, Departments, delegates representing
2013. All the officer trainees successfully NGOs, scientists, conservationists, wildlife
completed the course and awarded experts, faculty members, researchers,
8
certificates in a valedictory function held M.Sc. students and the P.G. Diploma
on 31st January, 2013. Course officer trainees of WII.
Meetings, Workshops, Seminars and Other – Two-day workshop for IFS officers
Activities on “Ecodevelopment for Biodiversity
– Training workshop on “Mainstreaming Conservation: Assessment and way
biodiversity in impact assessment” forward”, Dehradun, December 3-4,
for Indian Forest Service Officers, 2012. The course was conducted by
Dehra Dun, August 27–28, 2012. Training Wildlife Institute of India for the IFS
workshop conducted by Wildlife Institute officers sponsored by the Ministry of
of India for the IFS officers was sponsored Environment and Forests, Government
by the Ministry of Environment and of India, New Delhi. A total of 21 officers
Forests, Government of India, New participated in the course. The course was
Delhi. The objectives of the workshop planned keeping in mind the fundamental
were: (i) improving the mechanisms for principles and latest happenings in
mainstreaming biodiversity in impact ecodevelopment in the field with reference
assessment for sound decision making to the empowerment of local communities
and long term gains for conservation; (ii) and protection of Forests/Protected
improve better appreciation of the issues Areas/ Natural Ecosystems. The entire
and conflicts related to developments course was designed in the form of panel
in ecologically sensitive areas; and (iii) discussions.
review options for professionalizing – A three-day Training Programme
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) on ‘Wildlife Conservation: Issues &
for positive outcomes for biodiversity. A Concerns’ for Representatives of Indian
total of 26 Indian Forest Service officers Army in the State Boards for Wildlife,
participated in the workshop. Kabini River Lodge, Karnataka. December
– XXVI Annual Research Seminar (ARS) 12-14, 2012. A total of 14 Senior Army
of WII, Dehradun, September 17-18, 2012. Officers, mostly of the rank of Brigadier,
Prof. R. Sukumar, Chairman, Training, who represent the Army in various
Research and Academic Council (TRAC), State Boards for Wildlife, participated
in the programme. Col. Michael James,
295
Director, Policy (Ecology), Land Works – Celebration of Hindi For tnight,

and Environment, Directorate Integrated Dehradun, September 25, 2012. Hindi
Headquarter of Ministry of Defence (MoD) Fortnight was celebrated in the Institute.
(Army) also participated from the Army A lecture was delivered by Dr. V.P. Uniyal,
Headquarters. Shri V.B. Sawarkar, Former Scientist, WII on this occasion. A Hindi
Director, WII, and Lt. (Retd.) Gen Baljit poem recitation competition was also
Singh were invited as the resource persons. organized for the staff, faculty members,
Shri B.G. Hoshmath, APCCF (Project Tiger) researchers and the students. The winners
Karnataka inaugurated the programme. were awarded for their performance.
The training programme included indoor – Celebration of Wildlife Week, Dehra
interactions as well as field tours including Dun, Dehradun, October 1, 2012. The X WII-
nature walk guided by the Head Naturalist, Friends of the Doon’Wildlife & Environment
Jungle Lodges and Resorts. Quiz 2012’ – a collaborative activity of
– Celebration of World Environment Day, Wildlife Institute of India and Friends of
Dehradun, June 5, 2012. A joint program of Doon Society was organized on October 1,
the World Environment Day on the year’s 2012 at Wildlife Institute of India to mark
theme “Green Economy: Does it include the celebrations of the Wildlife Week 2012.
you?” with the Indian Society of Remote Fifteen schools participated in preliminary
Sensing, Dehra Dun Chapter (ISRS-DC) round and six of them qualified for the
and Indian Meteorological Society, Dehra final round. The final quiz had six rounds
Dun Chapter (IMS-DC) was organized at viz Uttarakhand, Guess who, Audio Visual,
the Institute on June 5, 2012. The event Landscapes, Brain Strain and Current
was attended by faculty and students of Events as Rapid Fire Round. Ann Mary
Indian Institute of Remote Sensing and School won the WII-FoD Rolling Trophy,
Wildlife Institute of India and members of Book Prize and Sameer Ghosh Memorial
ISRS-DC. Shri P.R. Sinha, Director, Wildlife Nature and Wildlife rolling trophy.
Institute of India (WII) while addressing – Par ticipation of WII in CoP-11,
the gathering discussed about the issue Hyderabad, October 1-19, 2012. Hyderabad
of equity. He stressed that the major hosted the COP-MOP6 Cartagena Protocol
problem of wildlife sector is the approach on Biosafety and XI Conference of Parties
towards conservation. Speaking about (COP11) on Convention on Biological
the ecotourism practices, he said that Diversity. It was organised by the Ministry
ecotourism requires lot of skills and of Environment & Forests, Government
investment. A popular talk was delivered by of India. The Institute participated in an
Dr. Anand Sharma, Director, Meteorological ‘Interactive Fair on Biodiversity’ during CoP-
Centre, IMD, Dehradun on ‘Weather & MoP6 and CoP 11 held at the HICC-HITEX
Climate’. A documentary on “Monsoon - Complex in Hyderabad during October
India’s God of Life” was also screened and a 1-19, 2012.
poster exhibition was organized displaying
The Institute showcased its achievements
significant case studies and applications
and ongoing activities and displayed
of remote sensing technology in various
its commitment to the conservation of
fields of natural sciences.
296
biological diversity. The Institute was also to decision-makers and the wider public
given the responsibility to showcase the via a powerful youth declaration, creative
activities of member organizations of performances involving street theatre and
Indian National Committee of International a colourful exhibition and various side-
Union for Conservation of Nature (INC - events. The whole event was prepared and
IUCN). Four booths were arranged for INC accompanied by a strong virtual exchange
– IUCN. A large number of faculty members via an online platform and an e-coaching
from the Institute participated in the course, creative tasks as well as extensive
deliberations held during the CoP11. press work.
Go4BioDiv is an International Youth Forum Ms. Jayanti Natarajan, Hon’ble Minister
where young individuals from different of Environment & Forests, Government
parts of the globe come together to share of India released the special Go4BioDiv
8
their experiences, discuss about global brochure during the UNDP Award
environmental issues and engage in the UN Ceremony.
Conferences on Biodiversity (CBD-CoP). It On the occasion of the CBD CoP-11 at
aims at raising awareness about the inter- Hyderabad, the Ministry of Environment
dependencies of biological and cultural & Forests, Government of India decided
diversity as well as intergenerational to release commemorative stamps. For
responsibilities for the biodiversity this purpose, a theme ‘Endemic Species of
conservation. In October 2012, Go4BioDiv Indian Biodiversity Hotspots’ was chosen
took place for the third time – parallel and Wildlife Institute of India was assigned
to CoP 11 in Hyderabad, India. It was the responsibility to coordinate the work
hosted by the Ministry of Environment with the Department of Posts, Government
and Forests (MoEF), Government of India of India. Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime
and carried out by the Wildlife Institute Minister of India released the set of 4
of India (WII) with support by various commemorative stamps and the ‘First
international partners. In accordance with Day Cover’ during the inaugural session
the C0P 10 decisions (Nagoya mandate/ of the CBD CoP-11 High Level Segment
Aichi targets), the theme of Go4BioDiv in Hyderabad on October 16, 2012.
2012 was ‘Conserving coastal and marine
Presently, biodiversity data and information
biodiversity for sustaining life and
lies dispersed and distributed amongst
livelihoods’. Therefore, Go4BioDiv brought
various individuals and institutions. This
together young people from the most
opaqueness has resulted in the duplication
outstanding marine and coastal sites our
of efforts on the one hand and is also
planet has to offer. There are 35 messengers
impairing the progress of India emerging
aged 18 to 29 and live or work in over
as a leader in the field of biodiversity
20 different marine World Heritage Sites
informatics. To address this situation, the
around the world or in one of the nine
MoEF and National Biodiversity Authority
coastal states and one Union Territory of
embarked on the process of developing a
India. They joined CoP-11 in Hyderabad
National Biodiversity Information Outlook,
from October 16 to 19 during the High-
whose prime responsibility was assigned
Level Segment to present their messages
297
to the Wildlife Institute of India. The WII The NBIO is an overarching framework
team developed the National Biodiversity of collaboration with an aim to facilitate
Information Outlook (NBIO), whose goal free and open access to biodiversity
is to (1) Identify barriers in the progress data. The NBIO was launched during
of developing biodiversity informatics in the CBD-CoP-11 at Hyderabad by
the country. (2) Prioritize biodiversity data Dr. K. Kasturirangan, Member, Planning
discovery and publication and (3) Develop Commission, Government of India. India
a road map for channelizing investments is the first country in the world to develop
in this emerging area so that they become a National Biodiversity Information
scientifically, ecologically, economically Outlook.
and socially relevant.
298
299
Centres of Excellence Centre for Environment Education (CEE),

Enhancement of people’s awareness about Ahmedabad
environment requires capacity building at Introduction
institutional and individual level for providing Centre for Environment Education (CEE)
adequate support to the efforts in the fields of was established in 1984 as a Centre of Excellence
environment education, research and training. in Environmental Education, supported by the
To serve this objective, the Ministry launched Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF),
the scheme ‘Centres of Excellence’ in 1983 Government of India, in recognition of the
to promote institutions in priority areas of importance of environmental education in
Environmental Sciences and Management. India’s overall environment and development
Ten Centres of Excellence have so far been strategy. CEE is a national institution engaged
in developing programmes and material to
established in different areas:
increase awareness and concern, leading
(i) Centre for Environment Education (CEE), to action, regarding the environment and
Ahmedabad sustainable development. It has inherited
the rich multidisciplinary resource base and
(ii) CPR Environmental Education Centre
varied experience of Nehru Foundation for
(CPREEC), Chennai
Development (NFD), its parent organization,
(iii) Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Indian which has been promoting educational efforts
Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru since 1966 in the areas of science, nature study,
health, development and environment.
(iv) Centre of Mining Environment (CME),
Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad Paryavaran Mitra Programme
(v) Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Paryavaran Mitra, one of the largest
Natural History (SACON), Coimbatore sustainability and climate change education
programmes in the world, was launched in CEE,
(vi) Centre for Environment Management of
on 24th July, 2010 in partnership with MOEF
Degraded Ecosystem (CEMDE), University
and ArcelorMittal.
of Delhi, Delhi
The Paryavaran Mitra programme aims
(vii) Madras School of Economics (MSE), to guide, facilitate, capacity building among
Chennai students through curriculum-linked activities
(viii) Foundation for Revitalization of Local and co-curricular action projects to take positive
Health Traditions (FRLHT), Bengaluru environmental action at individual, community,
national and global level. A Handbook has been
(ix) The Tropical Botanic Garden and Research developed and is being translated in various
Institute (TBGRI), Thiruvananthapuram languages to help teachers facilitate teaching
(x) Centre for Animals and Environment, and learning.
CARTMAN, Bengaluru. Paryavaran Mitra represents Hand
Brief details about these Centres of print action. Hand print is a measure of ESD
Excellence are as follows: action; action that is directed to decrease the
300
human footprint and make the world more coaches for the SEBS. Through visuals, models,
sustainable. audio-video and interactive exhibits, it portrays
India’s unique biodiversity in national and
During 2011-2012 the programme with
eco-regional thematic modes, its relationship
more than 160 partnerships has enrolled and
with humankind, its place in our diverse and
reached 2,19,888 schools across the country
ancient cultures, its importance, status, threats,
with material in 13 languages. A felicitation
conservation needs, action being taken by
of best performing schools, districts and
government and other agencies along with
students was organized during United Nations
some success stories. The entire exhibition
Convention on Biodiversity Committee
is targeted at non-specialists and common
of Parties (UNCBD COP-11) organised at
citizens, especially school and college students,
Hyderabad in October 2012.
teachers and families. The train completed
9
National Green Corps (NGC) its journey on the 22nd December 2012 at
CEE implements NGC programme in 15 Ahmedabad. Over 25 lakh visitors saw the
States and two Union Territories as resource exhibition at 52 stations. Science Educators,
agency. youth and CEE staff conducted platform
activities and teacher training programmes at
With a view to strengthen the monitoring the stations. CEE conducted a visitors’ response
and reporting regular meetings with Nodal study and developed a short film on the train
Agencies for planning and strengthening the and its journey. This film was showcased at the
NGC programme were held. This helped in UNCBD COP11 as the Brand Ambassador of
planning annual activities of the NGC. Twenty this event.
state and district level training programmes
were facilitated and around 25 events for NGC The next phase of the train’s journey will
schools on various environmentally significant focus on the same theme.
days were organized. Two per cent schools Education for Sustainable Development
were visited for monitoring. Outreach events (ESD) Conference for UNCBD COP 11
at various levels were also organized.
CEE in its role of being the Nodal Agency
Biodiversity Conservation for implementing the United Nations Decade
of Education for Sustainable Development
Science Express Biodiversity Special
(SEBS) (UNDESD), organized an International
Conference titled “International Conference
Science Express is a unique, state of the on Biodiversity Conservation and Education
art exhibition train that has done 4 runs across for Sustainable Development – Learning to
the country bringing science awareness to Conserve Biodiversity in a Rapidly Changing
the doorsteps of millions of children, youth World”, at Hyderabad. A key outcome of this
and the other citizens. In its current phase, conference was the signing of an Memorandun
the Biodiversity Special train was flagged of Understanding (MoU) between CEE and
off on June 5, 2012 by Delhi Chief Minister the CBD COP Secretariat to work together in
Smt. Sheila Dikshit along with the Minister developing an action plan on education for
of Environment and Forests Smt. Jayanthi biodiversity conservation.
Natarajan. CEE has specially designed eight
301
National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) Hand the country and inspire citizens to participate
Print pledges in the protection of the environment.
A nationwide campaign to generate CEE played host for 4 regional committee
awareness through pledges for biodiversity meetings, each of which was organised during
conservation was takenup in partnership 17th–21st October in 4 cities viz Ahmedabad,
with National Biodiversity Board. More than Chandigarh, Delhi and Guwahati. In these
2 million pledges were collected across the meetings too, a CEE representative, in the
country. CEE presented the Handprint concept capacity of a committee member, along with
developed by it, to delegates at COP, which other committee members helped in the
has been adopted as a symbol representing final short listing of proposals to the Ministry
positive action towards sustainability. representatives for the sanctioning process.
Gangetic Dolphin Conservation ENVIS
Programme
One annual issue of the newsletter
CEE with the support from the Ministry has Education for Change (EfC), with special focus
initiated a two-year project on Ganges River on Environmental Education was brought out
Dolphin Conservation Education Programme as part of the activities of the ENVIS Centre on
in the north and north-eastern region of Environmental Education. The website “Green
India. Twenty locations in the four States – UP, Teacher’ was regularly updated. The process of
Bihar, Assam and West Bengal were identified. migration of the website www.greenteacher.
Each location has 25 clusters where teacher org to the NIC sever is on.
training programmes, “Dolphin Melas: were
conducted in all the 20 identified locations. Journal of Education for Sustainable
In addition two Dolphin camps at Bhagalpur Development
(Bihar) and one on the banks of Kulsi River The journal is a forum for academics and
(Assam) were conducted. A Teachers Manual in practitioners to share and critique innovations
four languages was developed and these were in thinking and practice in the emerging field
distributed at the training programmes. of Education for Sustainable Development
CEE initiated a People’s Biodiversity (ESD). The journal is formatted in sections of
Registration process at thirty villages in Guru news, opinion, project descriptions, research,
Ghasidas National Park, and seven villages in academic opportunities and reviews. Two
Bastar and Rajnandgaon districts of Chattisgarh issues of this journal were brought out this
in 2010. year.
C.P.R. Environmental Education Centre
National Environmental Awareness
Campaign
(CPREEC)
National Environment Awareness Introduction

Campaign (NEAC) is a national programme C.P.R. Environmental Education Centre
initiated by the Ministry of Environment and (CPREEC) is a Centre of Excellence of the Ministry
Forests (MoEF) in July 1986. One of the earliest of Environment and Forests, Government of
flagship programmes of the Ministry, NEAC India, jointly set up by the Ministry and the C.P.
aims to create environmental awareness across Ramaswami Aiyar Foundation.
302
To create awareness among various education were conducted for teachers,

stakeholders about current environmental students, women and villagers in the states of
issues and our responsibilities towards Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamilnadu. The
the preservation of our environment. The focus was on tropical forests, degraded eco
programmes have been conducted in the systems and wetlands. The participants were
States of Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, taken on field visits to reserve forests. Teachers
Kerala, Odisha, Maharashtra and Tamilnadu, and students were trained in the preparation
Union Territories of Andaman and Nicobar of biodiversity register.
Islands and Puducherry
Sacred Groves
Progress /achievements made during
CPREEC has been conserving and restoring
the year
sacred groves since 1993-94. Tree plantation
9
Environmental Education for Teachers and maintenance have been going on in the
Teachers selected by the state Departments existing eight sites in the states of Karnataka
of Education in the states of Andhra Pradesh, and Tamilnadu. Orientation programmes for
Karnataka, Kerala, Goa, Odisha, Maharashtra school students were organized at the sacred
and Tamilnadu were trained to teach grove sites to motivate them towards sacred
environmental concepts. Updated resource grove conservation. Strengthening of bio-
materials were distributed. fencing and casualty replacement of saplings
was carried out in the existing sites. CPREEC
Green Schools of India & Kindness Kids has established a nakshatra van on the lands
(Environmental Education Animal Welfare of the Meenakshi Temple at Madurai. This has
CPREEC’s Green Schools of India (GSI) is been extended to a grove of kadamba and
an environmental management programme mahua trees, sacred to Goddess Meenakshi.
for school students, which aims to convert
environmental awareness and education Women and the Environment
into action. This scheme involves students CPREEC trained women of selected villages
from schools in five areas of environmental in waste management, vermicomposting,
management: reducing energy and water organic farming, health and nutrition in the
consumption, waste management, greening states of Tamilnadu and Karnataka and the
the campus and animal welfare. Several Union Territory of Puducherry. Saplings and
schools have introduced the concept of GSI seeds were distributed to the participants and
and have reduced their consumption of water seed banks of local varieties were established
and energy. Composting pits for effective by the women self help groups. CPREEC also
waste management, rain water harvesting surveyed the growth rate of saplings and seeds
pits to harness nature’s bounty, and greening distributed to them in the previous year.
the campus are included in their activities.
Some schools maintain herbal gardens. Green Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve Conservation
School Awards are given annually to the best Education
performing schools. The importance of the Nilgiris Biosphere
Reserve was conveyed to the teachers, teacher
Biodiversity Conservation Education
trainees, villagers, women and students in the
Workshops on biodiversity conservation districts of the Nilgiris, Coimbatore, Thiruppur
303
and Erode in Tamilnadu, Wayanad in Kerala, in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka,
Mysore and Chamraja Nagar districts in Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamilnadu and
Karnataka. The annual Anti Plastic Campaign the Union Territories of Andaman & Nicobar
of CPREEC was organized at the Botanical Islands and Puducherry.
Garden in Ooty in the Nilgiris. Ozone day
Research and Surveys
celebrations and wildlife week celebrations
were also organized. A special cleaning up CPREEC also analysed water samples
campaign was organised in collaboration with collected from various river basins of Tamilnadu.
the Tamilnadu Pollution Control Board to mark The samples were analysed for chemical and
World Environment Day. microbial parameters.
As part of the Tamilnadu Biodiversity Envis Centre

Conservation & Greening Project, Department CPREEC’s ENVIS Centre on Conservation
of Forests, Government of Tamilnadu CPREEC of Ecological Heritage and Sacred Sites of
organised a series of awareness programmes India has expanded the existing database on
on Participatory Rural Approach in the Nilgiris. various aspects of Indian ecological heritage
Exhibition with primary and secondary sources. The Bi-
Annual ENVIS newsletter ECOHERITAGE.COM
An exhibition on COASTAL AND MARINE
was published in the prescribed format.
BIODIVERSITY was designed and put up at
Chennai. The same exhibition was put up at the National Green Corps (NGC)
Science Festival organized by the Government CPREEC is the Resource Agency (RA) for
of Tamilnadu. A booklet on Coastal and Marine NGC in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,
Biodiversity was distributed free to all the Kerala, Goa, Odisha, Tamilnadu and Union
visitors. Another exhibition on the FLORA and Territories of Andaman & Nicobar Islands and
FAUNA of the RAMAYANA was displayed at Puducherry. Workshops were organised for
Chennai in February 2013 in connection with selected district NGC teacher-coordinators in
the International Festival, Conference and the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala,
Exhibition on the Ramayana. Odisha, Tamilnadu and the Union Territory of
Econews Puducherry.
Four issues of the quarterly newsletter CPREEC organised a National Workshop

ECONEWS were brought out. for State Nodal Agencies (SNAs) and Resource
Agencies (RAs) on Testing of Manual for
I n d i a n J o u r n a l o f E nv i r o n m e n t a l Monitoring and Reporting National Green
Education
Corps (NGC) activities of the Ministry of
This is a peer-reviewed journal published Environment & Forests, Government of India at
annually. New Delhi on August 31, 2012.
Publications CPREEC in collaboration with the Goa
Appropriate resource materials produced State Council for Science & Technology
by CPREEC were distributed to the participants organised an Art Mela on Biodiversity for NGC
of the various training programmes organised school students at the Miramar Science Centre
on November 16, 2012.
304
Biomedical Waste Management The research areas of CES ranges from the
The workshops were organized in social behaviour of single-celled organisms to
collaboration with the Indian Medical the largest land mammal – the Asian elephant,
Association, concerned State Pollution Control besides questions concerning climate change.
Boards, Medical Colleges and Pollution Control CES employs diverse tools from molecular
Committee. ecology to mathematical modelling of
ecosystems. CES works on five thematic areas
National Environment Awareness Campaign in project mode which are discussed one after
(NEAC) the other in the paragraphs that follow:
CPREEC organized a National Level
Community, Forest and Wildlife Ecology
Interactive workshop of Regional Resource
Agencies (RRAs) for effective implementation CES has been conducting a large scale
9
of NEAC – 2012-13 at New Delhi on May 30, survey of herpetofauna in the Western Ghats.
2012. There is insufficient information on the
geographic distribution of many taxa including
Another Workshop for better frogs, lizards and snakes. Data on distribution
implementation of National Environmental are crucial for systematic conservation planning
Awareness Campaign (NEAC) programme especially in assessing the efficacy of the
for the RRAs of Eastern & Southern Region current protected areas and also in identifying
was organized at Chennai on September 24, areas of conservation importance outside the
2012. During the meeting an Expert Group existing protected area network. CES is creating
for Effective Implementation of NEAC was a comprehensive distributional database for
constituted. amphibians (frogs) and reptiles (lizards and
COP 11 snakes) through primary field surveys and spatial
modeling. CES has been working extensively
CPREEC designed and developed
on understanding elephant behaviour with a
exhibition panels on Coastal and Marine
view towards better management of elephant
Biodiversity of India in collaboration with the
populations. The knowledge gained from this
National Biodiversity Authority. A booklet on
research is targeted towards understanding
the topic of the exhibition was generated and
inter-elephant interactions which will help in
distributed free to the participants of COP 11
better delineation of reproductive episodes in
at Hyderabad.
male and female elephants. The dynamics of
Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), the long-term plot in Mudumalai continues to
Indian Institute of Science (IISc), be monitored and research on this plot will be
Bengaluru celebrating its silver jubilee next year. In this
long-term plot, the spread, distribution and
Introduction
impacts of the thicket-forming invasive shrub
The Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Lantana camara in Mudumalai, Western Ghats
has been involved in cutting-edge research was investigated. Using a long term data set
in diverse areas of ecology and evolutionary from a large permanent plot and a landscape-
biology and also those with considerable wide study, it was inferred that rainfall, fire,
impact on the long-term survival of species and proximity to drainages and native species
ecosystems, with focus on the Western Ghats.
305
influenced lantana spread and distribution. impact on the biology of these important
Bats are an important and yet neglected taxon keystone species. A new model system which
that has often been treated as vermin. However, consists of a mutualism between termites and
research has shown that bats are extremely their cultivated fungus was established and
important in controlling insect populations characterized using molecular genetics. This is
and are therefore important features of one of the most ancient systems of agriculture
agricultural landscapes. The diversity of bats in the world, and predated human agriculture
was investigated at Kudremukh National Park by millions of years. We have characterized the
in Karnataka and special attention was paid to physiochemical parameters required for the
Megaderma spasma which is a unique bat that fungus cultivation.
appears to be a specialist on katydid species.
Human and Landscape Ecology
Behaviour and Evolution CES has begun investigation of spatial
Investigations on a model wasp system patterns in semi-arid ecosystems where a
that has been the hallmark of CES’s work in number of previous studies suggest that
behaviour over the last 28 years has shown they might tip over to desert under the
that there is a reproductive queue in the model pressure of increased grazing and changing
wasp Ropalidia marginata in which there is no climatic patterns. Our preliminary analysis
overt conflict. This suggests that this process on quantifying spatial patterns (such as
is adaptive in the tropics, where threats from distribution of patch-sizes) has raised questions
conspecific usurpers from outside the colony about the methodology employed in previous
are likely to be present throughout the year. studies, and therefore, their conclusions. Work
Differences between temperate wasp species is being carried out to assess the impacts of the
and tropical wasp species are important invasive species lantana on butterfly diversity
to be understood in the advent of climate and behaviour at Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple
change. How insects interact with plants Wildlife Sanctuary in the Western Ghats in
is an important feature of understanding Karnataka. Earlier research had indicated that
the evolution of plant signals meant for the lantana contributes to the overall diversity of
essential services of pollination. In a seasonal butterfly species by providing huge amounts
cloud forest at Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary of nectar for adult butterflies, most of which
in Maharashtra, visual signals meant to attract can access the nectar owing to the morphology
pollinators were measured for the major tree, of the flowers. However, behavioural studies
shrub and liana species. This is the first study at CES suggest that lantana, while being able
within India to examine floral advertisement at to provide food resources for at least some
a community level. Figs are keystone species butterfly species, may overall reduce the
in tropical forests. CES has developed several habitat quality for butterfly species by reducing
species of figs as model stydy systems, e.g. the the diversity in vegetation and thereby in the
monoecious Ficus racemosa and the dioecious different resources needed in the life cycle of
Ficus hispida and Ficus exasperata. CES is in butterflies.
the process of understanding the causes
Climate Change
and consequences of asynchrony in within
and between-tree reproductive behaviour in CES has pioneered work on late
figs. Such investigations will have a profound Quarternary climate change by investigating
306
the climate profile of this period (40,000 years engaged in R&D activities and the associated
BPC) using the signatures available in peat bogs research publications, and in training personnel
in the Nilgiris. This work has been continued in mining sector. It is also involved in issues of
with much more sampling of peat bogs over academic interest pertaining to mining and
a wider distributional areas in the Nilgiris. Thus environment.
our understanding of past climate is being
Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and
enhanced and will afford benchmark studies
Natural History (SACON), Coimbatore
for understanding future and present climate
change. Introduction
SACON was established in 1990 as a fully
Conservation outreach, training and
education funded Centre of Excellence under the Ministry.
Its objectives are as follows:
CES is aware that conservation outreach,
9
training and education is a vital part of research. – design and conduct research in Ornithology
With this view in mind, CES faculty have been covering all aspects of Biodiversity and
engaged in giving lectures and conducting Natural History;
seminars in many parts of the country, besides – develop and conduct regular courses in
writing up their results and findings in journal Ornithology and Natural History;
as well as popular articles. Over the last year, – create a data bank on Indian Ornithology
CES faculty have published 45 journal articles, and Natural History; and
4 books, 14 reports, and many popular articles.
– disseminate knowledge relating to
CES has conducted a workshop on molecular
Ornithology and Natural History for the
phylogenetics which is the only hands-on
benefit of people
comprehensive training workshop of its kind
in the country. CES is also in the process of Progress / achievement made during
producing an atlas for amphibians and reptiles 2012-13
of Western Ghats, identification of important During the year, the focus of programs
frog, lizard and snake areas (based on GIS based undertaken by SACON was on themes such
distribution models), and outreach material in as species, their ecological requirements
the form of an online atlas, and printed field and distribution; habitats and ecosystems;
guides. The world-renowned CES herbarium and environmental contaminations and
which houses the Flora of Karnataka is now assessments. The species, habitats and
fully digitized and will be opened to public ecosystems were identified on the basis of
shortly. threat perceptions and national as well as
international priorities. The decade long
Centre for Mining Environment (CME), Indian
endeavour on conservation of edible nest
School of Mines, Dhanbad
Swiftlet in the Andaman Islands, a distinct
Centre for Mining Environment (CME) was subspecies, with the purpose of inducing it
inducted as a Centre of Excellence in 1987 on a to settle and breed in customised structures,
project mode. The Centre is supported by the has been continued with notable success. The
Ministry of Human Resource Development for newly raised individuals of the species have
its staff and revenue expenditure for running started visiting these customised structures
the Centre. The Centre has been mainly
307
and it is expected that they will start building help identify sites and species for restoration
nests in the coming years. This is especially and site-specific measures, thereby ensuring
important in view of the recent re-assessment the recovery of the invaluable ecosystems of
of the species, covering the whole archipelago, the islands.
showing loss of several wild colonies of the
Some development projects may have
species, mainly due to poaching and other
an impact on biodiversity. In this regard,
pressures. A study was also initiated on the
the possible impacts of approximately 100
endangered Narcondam hornbill, a species
irrigation projects on the biodiversity of 23
restricted to the small Narcondam Island.
districts of Andhra Pradesh were assessed by
India has the highest number of cat species SACON. While documenting the biodiversity
i.e. 15. However, small cats do not feature in any in these areas, the threats were identified and
major research or conservation planning in the site specific (catchment and command areas)
country. Owing to the limited understanding of management measures were offered. Though
small cats, a research project for identification Wind farms are generally perceived as being
of Fishing cat populations for conservation has eco-friendly means of generating electricity,
been taken up. A study on large mammals and there may be site-specific collateral damages.
birds of Bannerghatta National Park highlights A study, the first of its kind in India, on the
the risks from mining and other such activities impacts of Jangi wind power farm on birds
around the Park. The study also documents the and bats has been progressing well for the last
spread of Lantana and its effects on animals. one year. As part of SACON’s Environmental
Appropriate management measures are also Impact Assessment (EIA) works, an ecological
suggested. assessment of the Liquefied Natural Gas
terminal augmentation project at Puthuvypeen
In Agasthymalai hills, SACON has initiated a
(Kerala) was undertaken, which highlighted the
study on the factors that shape the distribution
collateral damages to the nearby mangroves
patterns of faunal groups. It aims to document
and the need for appropriate measures to
species richness and turnover of reptiles and
avoid such impacts.
birds, in view of the altitude and other factors
in the Agasthyamalai hills region, and to apply As part of ecotoxicology works, chiefly
distribution (ecological niche) models on aiming at unusual bird mortalities and
selected endemic species found in the area. identification of responsible factors, residue
analysis in birds from all over the country is
Ecosystem services by birds in various
being undertaken. In view of the increasing
ecosystems, especially forests, are a topic of
threats from agrichemicals, pesticide residues
high scientific interest. The research on avian
were compared between organic and chemical
frugivory and seed dispersal in the shola
farms in a village of Kerala. The study highlights
forests, documents the role of endemic birds
differences in pesticide residues and species
such as the Nilgiri Laughing thrush and Nilgiri
composition in the two systems of farming.
Wood Pigeon in dispersing endemic tree
However, further investigations are to be
species, aiding in forest regeneration. In the
conducted to corroborate the findings.
Nicobar Islands, a program on post-tsunami
coastal ecosystem recovery, generated Wetlands have remained a priority
valuable ecological information that could ecosystem for research and conservation.
308
During the year, an ecological documentation of Delhi has been engaged in: (i) development
of the wetlands of Srikakulam in Andhra of technologies for ecological restoration of
Pradesh was conducted. The study brings out abandoned mined out sites, overburden dumps
the conservation values of wetlands in the (OBDs) of coal mined areas and degraded
district, and highlights the potential threats forest ecosystems of Aravalli, (ii) management
and the need for conservation measures. of invasive species especially Lantana in forests
Ministry of Environment and Forests ecosystems, (iii) management of grasslands in
(MoEF) ENVIS node on wetlands of India, which protected areas, (iv) preparation of new flora of
collates and disseminates available information Delhi and (v) training of stakeholders as a part
on the wetlands of the Country, is run at of capacity building in action research in the
SACON. This node has been releasing regular areas of environment and ecology. The major
updates and newsletters on the wetlands achievements in some of the programmes
9
of the Country, and has been effectively during 2012-2013 are as follows:
disseminating valuable information through
publications and its website. Ecological Restoration
SACON has been assisting various agencies Ecological restoration of overburden

for developing ecological management plans dumps (OBDs) of coal mines of Bharat Coking
for various types of ecosystems or protected Coal fields Limited (BCCL) and Central Coalfields
areas, such as Oussudu lake Sanctuary (CCL) of Coal India Limited was initiated. OBDs
(Puducherry), and Mahatma Gandhi Marine spreading over an area of 20 hectares were
National Park (Andaman & Nicobar Islands). selected. These OBDs are mostly composed of
boulders and carbonaceous shales with no or
SACON has been very active in spreading
skeletal soil. To enhance soil development and
the message of conservation and nature
moisture retention, a grass cover of five selected
education. In addition to organising various
grass species viz. Cenchrus ciliaris, C. setigrus,
activities related to the DNA clubs (Department
of Biotechnology, Government of India) in Urochloa, Dichanthium and Bothriochloa were
Andaman Islands, regular nature education developed. The grass species were selected
activities are being conducted at SACON and based upon the site characteristics and species
outside, reaching out to thousands of students traits. The germination percentage of grass
and general public. species varied from 70% to 90%. Saplings and
rhizome slips of bamboo were also introduced
During the year, 19 students were
on the site along with native species such as
registered for PhD at SACON. Several youngsters
Madhuca, Emblica, Diospyrous, Terminalia and
are also supported by SACON in their Masters’
Schelichera. Within three months about 50-
programs and by capacity building through
75% of the area is covered with grasses and
internships by working with SACON scientists.
bamboos have attained the height of 2-3
Centre for Environmental Management meters.
of Degraded Ecosystems (CEMDE),
University of Delhi, Delhi Management of Invasive Species
Investigations on taxonomy of Lantana
Introduction
in India suggest that here are three aggressive
The Centre for Environmental Management invasive species of Lantana in the country. A
of Degraded Ecosystems (CEMDE), University
309
new non-invasive species Lantana has also Long–term Ecological research site
been circumscribed. For the first time, two novel The ecologically restored mixed moist
invasive traits that make Lantana multiply and forest ecosystem developed on 250 acres
spread rapidly as also enable it to overcome limestone mined out areas at Purnapani,
herbivore pressure, have been observed and Odisha (Figure 4) and morrum mined out site
documented. at Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary have been
The cut rootstock method developed selected as long term ecological research
under the Centre of Excellence Programme sites for monitoring changes in community
has been used extensively to remove Lantana composition and ecosystem function after
successfully from different parts of the Corbett ecological restoration.
Tiger Reserve especially in the entire Jhirna
Capacity Building
valley of Corbett Tiger Reserve which spreads
over 100s of hectares. Jhirna valley is an About 100 forest officials of Madhya
important tourist spot of Corbett Tiger Reserve Pradesh and Maharashtra have been trained in
and was covered with impenetrable thickets of the ‘Management of Invasive Weeds in Forest
Lantana before the Lantana control programme Ecosystems’ at two workshops organized
was initiated. Today, the Jhirna valley is free from at Kanha National Park (Madhya Pradesh)
Lantana and harbours luxuriant grasslands, and Melghat Tiger Reserve (Maharashtra).
receives 100s of herbivores. The tiger sighting Additionally, 45 senior forest officials of
in Jhirna landscape has also significantly the Odisha Forest Department have been
increased. This has also been recorded by large trained on ‘Management of Lantana in Forest
number of tourists visiting the area. Ecosystems’ in a workshop held at Koraput in
Odisha.
Studies have also been initiated on
Chromolaena odorata, another invasive species, Madras School of Economics (MSE),
which has invaded subtropical to temperate Chennai
forests across India and form dense pure stands Introduction
in degraded forests and open barren lands.
The Centre of Excellence in Environmental
The invasive traits of Chromolaena are similar
Economics, Madras School of Economics (MSE),
to those of Lantana, and the cut root stock
Chennai was set up under the ‘Centres of
method can be used successfully to eradicate
Excellence’ (CoE) Plan Scheme of the Ministry on
Chromolaena.
the basis of a Memorandum of Understanding
Grassland Management (MoU) entered into between the Ministry of
Environment and Forests and Madras School of
As part of the long term study on
Economics in 2002. Its objective is to address
grasslands in protected areas, grasslands in
issues of national importance with focus on
Corbett Tiger Reserve, Melghat Tiger Reserve
economic aspects of the environment. The MOU
and Kanha National Park have been extensively
was extended during the Eleventh Five Year
studied with respect to the management
Plan, which was also decided to be continued
regimes adopted for grassland management
in the Twelfth Five Year Plan. This Centre of
in Protected Areas and the role of disturbance
Excellence is under the administrative charge
factors in determining grassland community
of the Economic Cell. The Senior Advisor in the
structure.
310
Ministry serves as a member on the Governing Union and United States of America. The
Board of MSE. study attempts to address the structural
adjustment problems facing the industry,
Under the Central Sector Scheme of
global supply chains and environmental
Centres of Excellence, Plan funds are allocated
compliance requirements in order to create
to MSE annually as per its Action Plan drawn
an enabling policy environment for the
up on the recommendations of the Steering
growth of the textile industry in India. It
Committee constituted under the MOU. The
also addresses, inter alia, issues like status
Steering Committee is headed by the Senior
of pollution abatement in textile industry
Advisor of the Ministry and includes the
in India, trade competitiveness of Indian
Additional Secretary & Financial Adviser and
textile industry, assessment of pollution
Economic Adviser among its Members, apart
abatement costs in textile industry (with
from the Coordinator at MSE of the Centre
9
focus on textile processing), and linkages
and other Experts. The funds are released to
between pollution abatement and textile
the Centre in project specific mode to meet
trade. The study was assigned to be carried
approved expenditures on the conducting
out in two years starting from July 2008
of research studies, executing projects,
at an estimated cost of ` 20.89 lakh.
holding Workshops, Seminars, etc. and for the
The Report, submitted in October 2012,
maintenance of its website and so on.
is presently under consideration of the
Performance/ Achievements/ Progress made Ministry.
in 2012-13, including projected activities, – The Centre has continued its work on the
with physical and financial targets and actual
18-month project ‘Economy-wide Impacts
performance:
of Pollution in India: Meta Analysis’ started
During 2012-13, the Centre has provided in October 2010. The project aims to carry
policy inputs to the Ministry on (i) ‘India 2030 out meta-analysis of various environmental
– Vision for an Environmentally Sustainable valuation studies relating to air and water
Future’, a World Bank Report; (ii) ‘National pollution in India to assess macro-level
Manufacturing Policy’; (iii) ‘Road Map for Green estimates of overall impacts of pollution.
National Accounting System’; and (iv) ‘Union A Review Workshop on the draft Report is
Budget 2012-13’. scheduled with experts and stakeholders
in the last quarter of 2012-13.
Research Projec ts in 2012-13 (till
31.12.2012) – Among the other on-going capacity-
building projects, a training workshop
– It has prepared the draft report of the
was conducted by the World Bank on its
project ‘Trade and Environment: India
recent report to the Ministry on ‘Diagnostic
Export of Textile and Textile Products and
Assessment of Select Environmental
Environmental Requirements’. Based on
Challenges Facing India’. The Centre would
experience gained through the study on
be holding a two-day Conference on
leather exports, this study focuses on India’s
Environmental Economics in collaboration
textile exports in the context of growing
with the Lancaster University Management
environmental regulations from several
School in the last quarter of 2012-13.
importing countries including European
311
Dissemination Papers Tax Reforms: International Experience and

– The Centre has also drafted two Relevance for India” is scheduled to be held
Dissemination Papers, namely, ‘Resource in February 2013.
Economics’ and ‘Travel Cost Method for Environmental Economics Website
Environmental Valuation’, which are – The Centre’s state-of-the-art website
presently under review. http://coe.mse.as.in has been updated to
– Two such papers presently being make it more user-friendly. Efforts have
worked on by MSE are ‘Environment and been made to augment the database on
Development’ and ‘Trade and Environment- environmental economics literature. A
Inter-linkages’. number of Indian studies have also been
Newsletters: “Green Thoughts” (biannual added to the database. The website is
publication) serving as one-stop destination for users
interested in environmental economics
– Volume 4(I), October 2012 has already
related issues in India. Under various sub-
been brought out by the Centre as per its
disciplines of environmental economics
approved Annual Action Plan for 2012-13.
and resource economics, about 7,500
– During 2011-12, the Centre had brought out articles published in referred journals have
two issues of the Newsletter, summarizing been categorized. This searchable database
the work done at the Centre on various enables the users to access information
ongoing projects. While the focus of the and the abstract of the publications
issue of March 2011 was on ‘Water Pollution and also provides scope for carrying out
and Wastewater Treatment’ and the issue comprehensive literature review.
of November 2011 focused on the ‘Green
– In 2012-13, several, over 125, additions were
Economy’.
made to the environmental economics
Visiting Researcher Fellowship Programme database of MSE website by the end of
– The objective of this programme, as December 2012.
outlined in the Vision Document, 2012-17 New Directions and Other Issues
of MSE is to invite at least one researcher
Among the works that have been tasked
per year to spend a couple of months at the
by the Steering Committee, at its meeting held
Centre. The programme was approved in
in November 2012, to be carried out by the
the year 2008. The first Visiting Researcher
Centre starting in 2012-13 are the following:
Fellow is scheduled to visit the Centre in
February 2013. – Pre p a rat i o n o f a D i s s e m i n at i o n
Training Programs Paper on ‘Trade and Environment’ by
Dr. Badrinarayanan.
– The Vision Document, 2012-17 of MSE
also envisages conducting of at least – Preparation of a Dissemination Paper on
one training program per year on issues ‘Environment and Development’ by Dr. K.S.
related to Environmental Economics, either Kavi Kumar.
through funding from the Ministry or – Preparation of a comprehensive Policy Note
other sources. For the current year 2012- with a view to addressing environmental
13, a training workshop on “Environmental issues through the awards of the
312
recently constituted Fourteenth Finance the Centre has created a National Bio-cultural
Commission. Herbarium of medicinal plants and an Ethno-
The Steering Committee has also desired medicinal Garden, both of which have rich
that the Centre should start working on collections of Medicinal plants. Besides, the
“Sustainable Development Indicators” and first Centre engages in:
develop a detailed approach highlighting the – pharmacognostic studies on the
choice of indicators and the data sources. This controversial plant raw drug groups in
would be submitted to the Steering Committee trade;
for consideration in a subsequent meeting.
– building capacities of different stakeholder
The approach paper is intended to cover all
groups about various issues related to
the relevant literature and identify indicators
medicinal plants, through its capacity
that are in line with those suggested by Rio+20
building courses, workshops and
9
Summit and UN Convention on Sustainable
training;
Development.
– preparing a GIS based Atlas of distribution
The Steering Committee has also agreed maps of medicinal plants to help forest
in-principle to the proposal on ‘Mineral managers in planning conservation action;
Extraction and Valuation of Biodiversity Loss’, and and
suggested that it may be revised to reflect other
– well-referenced educational CD-ROMS on
potential approaches for assessing physical
medicinal plants used in Siddha, Unani and
loss of biodiversity, clarity on indicator(s) that
Homoeopathic systems of medicine.
capture biodiversity in the study region, etc.
Budget allocation and progress of

expenditure during 2012-13.
The total expenditure incurred by MSE for
the period 1st April 2012 to 31st December 2012
is `23.55 lakh, of which the first installment
of `15.50 lakh was released, and based on
the utilization certificate and expenditure
statement, the balance second installment has
been also sanctioned.
Foundation for Revitalisation of Local
Health Traditions (FRLHT), Bengaluru
Introduction
The Centre of Excellence on Medicinal
Plants and Traditional Knowledge at Foundation
for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions
(FRLHT), Bengaluru was initiated during 2002-
03 to focus and address various issues related
to conservation and sustainable utilization of
medicinal plants. In the course of its activities, Fig-54. View of Herbarium compactor at FRLHT, Bengaluru
313
Having successfully completed the above raw drugs samples procured from different
focal activities during the 10th and 11th five year markets and field sites from across the country
plans, the center expanded its focus for the 12th were added to Raw drug repository.
plan period so as to address the emerging needs
Ethno-Medicinal Garden: During the year,
of the sector. An Expert Committee, constituted
the collections at the Ethno medicinal garden
by MoEF, reviewed the performance of the
were enriched by the addition of 52 species,
Centre for the 11th Plan period and recorded
while the garden’s user-friendliness was further
its appreciation of the excellent work done by
diversified by adding 2 more themes, viz., a)
the Centre. It also recommended additional
Resin and Gum yielding plants, b) Memory
research activities to be taken up by the Centre
enhancer and anti-aging plants.
during the 12th plan period. Accordingly two
more initiatives were added to the action plan Pharmacognosy Studies: During the year,
for the year 2012-13 namely: comparative phyto-chemical studies on
collected accessions of Ativisha-Musta were
– Threat assessment of medicinal plants,
completed. DNA marking studies for Ativisha-
and
Musta was initiated. Bioactivity of all four
– Ground truthing of status of medicinal Vidanga candidates was tested.
plant populations.
Distribution Mapping: During the year, Geo-
These have been included as the sixth
distribution maps for 250 species and Eco-
focal area. The six focal areas of the Centre,
distribution maps for 25 species were prepared.
which are carried out in project mode, are
Revised and upgraded version of Digital Atlas
discussed below:
incorporating the Geo-distribution data of
Bio-Cultural Herbarium: Development of more than 2200 medicinal plant species and
a unique Bio-cultural Herbarium of Indian Eco-distribution data of more than 220 species
Medicinal plants was one of the key activities. of conservation concern was completed. Map
Towards this end, the botanical team of the depicting backward linkages with regions of
Centre engaged in floristic surveys in different occurrence for Cycas species developed.
locations of Gujarat, Karnataka, Rajasthan,
Outreach Training & Educational material on
Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, Arunachal
Plants of Indian System of Medicines (ISM):
Pradesh and Andaman-Nicobar Islands, which
During 1-5th October 2012, an international
resulted in the collection of more than1200
training workshop was conducted on
plant specimens corresponding to more than
“Conservation and Sustainable use of Medicinal
150 medicinal plant species.
Plants” for 25 trainees from 7 countries
In order to make the Herbarium collection participating in CoP-11. Two capacity building
education friendly, they were grouped around courses on “Identification and Management of
specific themes. Further, more than 2000 Medicinal Plant Resources”for the front line staff
images of plants including their medicinal of Maharashtra were conducted. Additionally
parts and habitat, and scanned images of one refresher workshop for the senior forest
about 1800 Herbarium sheets were added to officers from Maharashtra was also conducted.
the image library in an attempt to make it into In order to develop a Training of Trainer (ToT)
a Virtual one. During the year, more than 280 module on “Threat Assessment of medicinal
314
plants and CAMP methodology” a need Tropical Botanic Garden and Research
assessment exercises was carried out to assess Institute (TBGRI), Thiruvananthapuram
the working knowledge, skills and attitudes of Tropical Botanic Garden and Research
partner agencies from Uttarakhand, Arunachal Institute (TBGRI) was established by
Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. A prototype of Government of Kerala as an autonomous R&D
the CD-ROM on “Dhanvantri Nighantu” was organization in 1979 to facilitate conservation
developed. and research on tropical plant resources in
Conservation and Sustainable management general and of the country and the Kerala
of medicinal plants: Necessary preparations state in particular. The Institute was brought
were initiated for conducting a CAMP exercise under the society established by the State
in Nagaland. Preparatory activities began for Government namely “Kerala State Council
taking up Ground truthing of select species of for Science, Technology and Environment”
9
high conservation concern. (KSCSTE) in 2003 and the institute maintains
a 300 acre conservatory garden for the wild
As the Technical Support Group (TSG) of
tropical plant genetic resources of the country,
GoI-GEF-UNDP project entitled“Mainstreaming
besides a well integrated multidisciplinary
Conservation and Sustainable Use of Medicinal
R&D system dealing with conservation,
Plants Diversity in Three Indian States”, the
management and sustainable utilization of
Centre contributed in the 11th meeting of
tropical plant resources.The Institute was
Conference of the Parties to the Convention on
recognized as a National Centre of Excellence
Biological Diversity held in Hyderabad, during
in ex-situ conservation of tropical plants in 1997
October 2012. In addition to the International
and a number of significant achievements have
training workshop organized at Bengaluru,
been made by the Institute.
an exhibition on multiple themes relating to
medicinal plant conservation as well as several Centre for Animals and Environment,
side events were organized at Hyderabad. CARTMAN, Bengaluru
The exhibition covered the themes: medicinal
Introduction
plants conservation, sustainable harvest,
bioinformatics and database, trade in medicinal The Project on Centre of Excellence for
plants etc. and the side events were as follows: Animals & Environment (CAE) awarded by the
Ministry to CARTMAN, Bengaluru in 2000 and
– Biodiversity and Community Health.
discontinued after two years for administrative
– Arunachal-A Hidden Land: On biodiversity reasons was resumed during 2009.
and its conservation as well as local healers
of Arunachal Pradesh. The main objective of the Project is to
study the mutual dependence and inter-
– Community palli: A discussion platform on
relationship between the Animals (LIVESTOCK)
use of certification schemes for processing
of natural products and adoption of and Environment (Plant Life) and initiate steps
cultivation of medicinal plants as livelihood to preserve environment and to improve the
option. health and welfare of animals by making them
more productive. Another activity envisaged is
– Jaddu Baddu: Highlighting the rich
to eliminate pollution of environment caused
medicinal plant related cultural heritage
by City based Abattoirs by providing alternate
of Chhattisgarh state.
315
locations where animals are born and reared. building with kitchen, amphitheatre for
This would also result in development of rural the open air theatre, etc.
areas by retaining the Value added in the – Three more kennels were constructed in
process in villages and nearby towns. the Veterinary Clinic for the use of injured
Activities undertaken during the year animals.
– Work manual incorporating the fabrication
– Tree Planting: In connection with greening
drawings of the six models of improved
Banglore, CARTMAN in association with
CARTMAN Carts were sent to the Joint
Karnataka City Armed Police (CAP)
Director of State Government offices for
arranged a tree planting programme on
undertaking fabrication of cartsif they
9th June,2012. Shri B.N.S. Reddy, IPS DIGP
have plans to introduce CARTMAN carts
& Joint Police Commissioner of Police, in their jurisdiction.
CAR presided over the function and
– CARTMAN arranged a Bio- Diversity
inaugurated the function by planting
Exhibition on 5th November 2012 at the
a sapling. Around 1000 saplingswere
BBMP-CARTMAN Park. The exhibition
planted.
was inaugurated by Dr. Vaman Acharya,
– Forests For Sustainable Livelihood: Chairman, Karnataka State Pollution
CARTMAN arranged a Workshop on “ Control Board. The recently renovated park
Forests for sustainable livelihood” in their has a wide variety of Flora Bio Diversity.
BBMP- ECO Park on 1st September 2012 – A Photo exhibition of various regions
where students of Jyothi Niwas College of the Planet with their specific flora
and Jain University participated. Students and fauna ranging from Arctic region to
planted saplings in the park and also Tropical Rain forest , Desert, Marine Life,
attended a lecture-cum-Audio show. etc. was also arranged. Students from
– Additional Facilities Provided in the various schools and local residents visited
BBMP-CARTMAN Eco Park: Bruhat the exhibition.
Banglore Mahanagar Palike (BBMP) – A audio visual show on flora and fawna
provided additional facilities in the ECO was organised on 17th and 18th dec.2012.
Park such as paved walk path around the to The show was visited by students from
the Gazebo, newly constructed angadwadi Karnataka.
316
10
317
Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar Shortlisting of nominations received

(IGPP) for IGPP is carried out by three Expert
Members, selected by the Prime Minister’s
Introduction
Office (PMO), out of a panel of 9 eminent
In reverential memory of late Prime environmentalists/persons prepared by the
Minister Smt. Indira Gandhi, the Ministry of Ministry of Environment and Forests. Selection
Environment and Forests, in the year 1987, of awardees out of the shortlisted nominations
instituted an award called “Indira Gandhi is done by the Environmental Prize Committee
Paryavaran Puraskar (IGPP)” to give recognition constituted under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble
to those having made or have the potential Vice President of India. The composition of the
to make measurable and major impact in the Prize Committee is as follows:
protection of environment. In the beginning,
one cash prize of `1,00,000/- was awarded – Vice–President of India (Chairman)
to either an individual or an organization – Speaker of Lok Sabha
of India in recognition of their exceptional – Minister of Environment and Forests
and outstanding contributions in the field of – Three Expert Members selected by the
environment. Presently, the award comprises Prime Minister’s Office
of two prizes of `5,00,000/- each under
– Secretary, Ministry of Environment and
“Organization Category” and three prizes of
Forests (Member Secretary)
`5,00,000/-, `3,00,000/- and `2,00,000/- each
under “Individual Category”. Along with the While selecting the awardees the term
cash prize, each awardee is given a Silver “environment’ is interpreted in the broadest
Lotus Trophy, Scroll and Citation. The award is sense possible and comprising of following
given annually and an advertisement inviting areas of work:
nominations for IGPP is released every year – Prevention of pollution.
on 15th of July in national dailies with regional
– Conservation of natural resources.
coverage.
– Rational use of depletable resources.
As per the ‘Regulations governing IGPP’,
– Environmental planning and
revised in 2010, any citizen of India having at
management.
least 10 years work experience in the field of
Environment (substantiated in support of his – Environmental impact assessment.
experience by published/ field work)/ NGO – Outstanding field work (innovative research
working in the field of environment with at least work) for enrichment of environment e.g.
five years experience/ Environment and Forests afforestation, land reclamation, water
Departments of States/UTs/State Pollution treatment, air purification etc.
Control Board/District Collector/Magistrate can – Environmental education.
propose a name of any citizen or organization – Creating awareness of environmental
of India who has at least five years working issues.
experience in the field of environment. There
is no age limit for nomination of individual. Present Status
However, self nominations and nominations A meeting of the Prize Committee was
proposed by relatives are not considered. held under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble Vice
318
President of India on 2nd May, 2012 and the

awardees of IGPP in the Individual Category
for 2009 were selected. The awardees in the
Organization Category for 2009 had earlier been
selected in the meeting of the Prize Committee
held on 29th June, 2011. Two Awards of ` 5 lakh
each for organisation category were awarded
to Care Erth, Chennai, Tamil Nadu and Neyveli
Lignite Corporation, Neyveli, Tamil Nadu. Two
Awards for ` 5 lakhs and Rupees ` 3 lakhs for
individual category were awared to Prof. Fig-55. The Chief Minister of Delhi, Smt. Sheila Dikshit and
C.R. Babu, New Delhi and Shri Vijay Jardhari, Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Minister of State (I/C) for Environment
10
and Forests, presented the Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar
Jardhargaon, Uttarakhand respectively. on the occasion of World Environment Day in New Delhi
The awards were conferred in a formal
ceremony held on 5th June, 2012 on the – The number of shortlisted nominations
occasion of World Environment Day. is to be not more than 10% of the total
number of nominations received.
Shortlisting of nominations received
– Shortlisting is to be completed by the
for IGPP-2010 were completed by the three
Expert Members within 30 days of despatch
Experts selected by PMO. The ground truth
of brief of nominations to them.
verification of these nominations has also
been completed. The shortlisted nominations – Ground-truth verification of the short
along with the verification reports will be listed nominations will be done by the
placed before the Prize Committee shortly for Regional Offices concerned of the Ministry
selection of awardees of IGPP for 2010. within 45 days of despatch of shortlisted
nominations to them.
As desired by the Prize Committee, another
– While submitting the briefs of nominations
revision of ‘Regulations governing IGPP’ was
to the Expert Members for short listing
done during 2012-13. The revisions include:
the most deserving nominations, the
– The total period for inviting nominations Ministry will give information regarding
was reduced to 45 days from the date the previous awardees and categorized
of publication of the advertisement. (State-wise, zone-wise, gender-wise etc.)
Henceforth, the last date for receipt of data on awards received, so that the
nominations shall be 29th August every non-represented States/ zones/ areas get
year. proper representation. The experts will
– Selection of Expert Members of the Prize be requested to give proper emphasis
Committee shall be done biennially by on these aspects, besides other criteria
the Ministry. The tenure of the Expert of selection, while short listing the
Members will be 2 years. All the Prizes nominations.
that will be proposed during the tenure – Prize will be given at a formal ceremony to
of the Expert Members will be considered be arranged by the Ministry of Environment
by them irrespective of the year. and Forests on any occasion related to
319
environment each year, preferably on 5th demonstrating extra efforts beyond call
June. of routine duty.
The nominations received for IGPP-2011 ii) Officials (other than Forest Officers)
have been processed and briefs prepared. working in Government Departments
Advertisements for inviting the nominations including Forest. Department and private
for IGPP-2012 were issued on 15th July, 2012. individuals will come under category 2.
The nominations for IGPP-2012 under both iii) Six regions for the purpose of IPVM awards
the individual and organization category have to JFMC will be North (Delhi, Haryana,
been received. Selection of experts for IGPP- Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir,
2011 and 2012 is in process. Punjab, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh and
Indira Priyadarshini Vriksha Mitra (IPVM) UT of Chandigarh), East (Bihar, Jharkhand,
Awards Odisha and West Bengal) West (Goa
Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, UT of
Introduction
Dadara & Nagar Haveli, UT of Daman &
The Indira PriyadarshiniVriksha Mitra (IPVM) Diu and UT of Lakshdweep) South (Andhra
Awards were instituted in 1986 to recognize Pradesh, Karanataka, Kerala, Tamilnadu,
the pioneering and innovative contribution UT of Andaman & Nicobar Islands, UT of
made by individuals and institutions in the Puducherry) Central (Madhya Pradesh and
field of afforestation/wasteland development Chhattisgarh) and North East (Arunachal
every year. Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya,
Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura)
From the year 2011 the IPVM Awards have
been increased from existing four categories – Only one award is given in each
(since 2006) to following seven categories:- category.
– Cash prize of ` 2.5 lakhs along with
1. Individual - Forest Officers
Medallion and Citation is given for each
2. Individual - Other than Forest Officers
category.
3. I n s t i t u t i o n s / O rg a n i s a t i o n s u n d e r
– Nominations of Government servants/
Government
Govt. Institutions/Organizations are
4. Joint Forest Management Committees forwarded through the Head of the
(six awards region-wise) Department/Organization concerned and
5. Non-profit making Voluntary Organisations those from JFMCs may be forwarded by
(NGOs) the PCCF concerned.
6. Corporate Sector (Private/Public Sector Present Status
Agencies)
The IPVM Awards for the year 2010
7. Eco-Clubs at School Level (covered under were conferred on 19th November, 2010.
National Green Corps Programme of the Sh. A.T. Mishra, DFO Dhalbhum Forest
Ministry of Environment and Forests) Division, Jamshedpur (Jharkhand) was given
Note: i). Awards under category Individuals, award under category “Individual including
both Forest Officers and others, should Government Servant”. Forestry extension wing
be in recognition of personal contribution Tamilnadu Forest Department, Chennai under
320
category “Institution/organizations under contributions and is also intended to encourage

Government” and Village Forest Protection & talented individuals to devote themselves
Management Committee” Dani Talai Rajasthan to R&D pursuits in the field of environmental
under category “Joint Forest Management sciences. The duration of the fellowship is two
Committee” were also given award for the year years. So far, 27 fellowship Awards have been
2010. given to various Scientists throughout the
country. Fellowship Awards for the year 2007
The exercise for IPVM Awards for the and 2008 have been announced while for the
calendar year 2011 as well as 2012 is under year 2009 and 2010 nominations have been
process. obtained and are under process.
IPVM Awards for States and Union B.P. Pal National Environment Fellowship
Territories Award for Biodiversity
10
The IPVM Awards for States and Union B.P. Pal National Environment Fellowship
Territories were instituted in the year 2008 for Award for Bio-diversity was instituted during
enhancing the percentage of Forest and Tree 1993 and is awarded annually with a view to
Cover in States/UTs. The Awards are divided further develop, deepen and strengthen the
into three categories and only one award is expertise on Bio-diversity available in the
given in each category (Table-67). country.
The IPVM Awards for States/UTs for 2008 The fellowship is in recognition
were conferred upon on 19th November, 2010. of significant important research and
development contributions and is also intended
Pitamber Pant National Environment
to encourage talented individuals to devote
Fellowship Award
themselves whole-time to R&D pursuits in the
Pitamber Pant National Environment field of Bio-diversity. Duration of the fellowship
Fellowship Award instituted in 1978 is awarded is two years. So far, 10 Fellowship Awards have
every year to encourage and recognize been awarded to various scientists throughout
excellence in any branch of research related the country. Fellowship Awards for the year
to the environmental sciences. The fellowship 2007 and 2008 have been announced while
is awarded every year and is in recognition of for the year 2009 and 2010 nominations have
significant important research/development been obtained and are under process.
Table-67. Categories and prize of IPVM Awards
Sl. No. Category Award Awards for 2010

a) Big State having geographical area of 80,000 `8.00 lakhs J&K
Sq. Km and above (one)
b) Small State having geographical area below `5.00 lakhs Mizoram
80,000 Sq.Km. (one)
c) Union Territories ` 5.00 lakhs UT of Chandigarh
(one)
321
National Environmental Sciences Fellows balance and for evolutionary processes. It has
Programme direct bearing on food security, agriculture,
The National Environmental Sciences medicine, industry etc. The advances in
Fellows Programme launched in 2009-10, aims biotechnology and development of products
to be a flagship programme for young scientists based on the use of biological resources are
who are desirous of working in the forefront increasingly becoming motivating factor for
of environmental sciences research. The greater use of biological resources.
Management Committee of the Programme Taxonomy is the science of
has been reconstituted under the chairmanship identification, classification and naming of
of Dr. K. Kasturirangan, Member (Science), living organisms. Taxonomic work involves
Planning Commission. Three scientists have study of morphological characteristics and
been selected as National Environmental phylogenetic relationship of organisms which
Sciences Fellows. These fellows are working is essential for applied biological sciences,
in the areas of Climate Change Mitigation- such as medicine, agriculture, forestry and
Adaptation and Ecosystem Services in the fisheries. Development of biotechnologies
context of Green India Mission and REDD+, and their industrial applications depend
quantitative framework for conservation heavily on taxonomy. Current requirements of
landscape planning of dry grasslands and taxonomic work and available expertise and
community wide seed dispersal patterns in studies indicate urgent need for encouraging
Human-modified Landscapes and prediction excellence and for motivating experts to work
of forest cover changes. in hitherto neglected groups of organisms e.g.
Mahatma Gandhi Chair for Ecology and microbes, lower groups of plants, animals etc.
Environment The challenge is quite serious, as while the
existing expertise is ageing and retiring, not
The Mahatma Gandhi Chair for Ecology
many young scholars are opting for studies in
and Environment has been set up at the
taxonomy.
Centre for Biodiversity Studies, Baba Ghulam
Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu In order to encourage work of excellence
and Kashmir. An eminent scholar in the area in taxonomy and also to encourage young
of biodiversity has been selected and has students and scholars to work in this field of
joined as Mahatma Gandhi Chair at Center science, this award, named after the late Prof. E.
for Biodiversity Studies, Baba Ghulam Shah K. Janaki Ammal was instituted in the year 1999.
Badshah University. The Fellow has initiated Late Prof. Janaki Ammal did taxonomic work of
studies on plant diversity of Rajouri, Poonch outstanding merit and excellence, particularly
and adjoining areas of Pir Panjal Himalayas. in the area of cytotaxonomy and has been a
source of inspiration to many young scientists.
E.K. Janaki Ammal National Award on
Taxonomy Initially there was one Award on Taxonomy
covering all the three fields viz Botany, Zoology
Biological diversity refers to the variability
and study of Micro-organisms. It has now been
in the living organisms and the ecosystems of
decided to enlarge the scope of the Award and
which they form part. Preservation of biological
increase the number of Awards to two, one each
diversity is vital for maintaining ecological
for excellence in Plant and Animal Taxonomy.
322
The outstanding work done in Microorganisms Small Scale Industries:

will also be eligible for consideration under 1) Tanneries 2) Pulp and Paper 3) Dye
either of the two categories, as the case may and Dye Intermediates 4) Pesticides 5)
be. The two Awards will be known as ‘E.K. Janaki Pharmaceuticals. The National Awards for
Ammal National Award on Plant Taxonomy’ and Prevention of Pollution are bestowed on 23
‘E. K. Janaki Ammal National Award on Animal industries (18 large scale and 5 small scale
Taxonomy’. industries), one each for the above mentioned
The award will be given on the 5th June, categories of industries based upon their
coinciding with the World Environment Day. performance during the Award financial year.
Each award will carry ₹1,00,000/- in cash along The Rajiv Gandhi Environment Award for Clean
with a citation, scroll and Medallion. The Awards Technology is given to the one which is the best
will be given to the Taxonomists selected by a among these industries, particularly from the
10
Selection Committee, under the Chairmanship angle of adoption of the clean technology. The
of Secretary (E&F), constituted for this purpose. Awards comprise a Cash Award of ` Two lakh in
The award for 2009 was given to Dr. D.K. Singh addition to a silver Trophy and a Citation.
(Plant Taxonomy) and Dr. Wasim Ahmad The National Award for Prevention of
(Animal Taxonomy). Pollution for the year 2010-2011 was awarded
National Awards for Prevention of for their commendable efforts towards
Pollution and Rajiv Gandhi Environment conservation of energy and water, reduction
Award for Clean Technology in waste generation and commitment
towards maintaining a safe, clean and healthy
The National Awards for Prevention of
environment. Nominations were invited for the
Pollution and the Rajiv Gandhi Environment
year 2011-2012. Twenty five nominations have
Award for Clean Technology are given each
been received and evaluation of the same are
year, in the following identified categories of
being undertaken for consideration of Award
highly polluting industries, which have made
Selection Committee.
a significant and measurable contribution
towards development or use of clean Awards in the Wildlife Division
technologies, products or practices that Wildlife Division in the Ministry provides
prevent pollution and find innovative solution the Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation Award,
to environmental problems:- the Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife Protection
Large Scale industries: Award and fellowships, namely, the Salim Ali
Fellowship and Kailash Shankhla Fellowship
1) Sugar 2) Fertilizer 3) Cement 4)
for outstanding work in the field of wildlife
Fermentation and Distillery 5) Aluminium 6)
conservation.
Petro-chemicals 7) Thermal Power 8) Caustic
Soda 9) Oil Refinery 10) Sulphuric Acid 11) Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation
Tanneries 12) Copper Smelting 13) Zinc Award
Smelting 14) Iron and Steel 15) Pulp and Paper The Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation
16) Dye and Dye Intermediates 17) Pesticides Award is given annually for significant
18) Pharmaceuticals. contribution in the field of wildlife conservation
which has made, or has the potential to
323
make, a major impact on the protection and Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife Protection Award
conservation of wildlife in the country. Two for the years 2011 and 2012.
awards of ` One lakh are given to education
Salim Ali Fellowship and Kailash Sankhla
and research institutions, organisations, forest
Fellowship Awards
and wildlife officers/research scholars or
scientists/wildlife conservationists. During the In order to commemorate the memory
year, process for grant of the award for the year of the two great wildlife conservationists of
the country, Shri Kailash Sankhla and Dr. Salim
2010 has been undertaken, and the finalisation
Ali, the Ministry of Environment and Forests
of the awards is under consideration.
awards these two fellowships alternatively each
Nominations are invited for the Rajiv Gandhi
year. The objective is to inspire and promote
Wildlife Conservation Award for the years 2011
the country’s wildlife managers and scientists
and 2012.
to take up research or experimental projects
Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife Protection aimed at conserving the rich wildlife heritage of
Award India. The fellowship is awarded for a period of
two years with a stipend of ` 4,000 per month.
The Amrita Devi BishnoiWildlife Protection
In addition, an amount of ` 18,000 per annum
Award is given for significant contribution
is given for meeting contingency expenses.
in the field of wildlife protection, which is
Dr. Salim Ali National Wildlife Fellowship
recognised as having shown exemplary
for the year 2011 is awarded to Ms. Monica,
courage or having done exemplary work for Senior Research Fellow, Wildlife Institute of
the protection of wildlife. Two cash awards India, Chandrabani, Dehradun (Uttarakhand).
of ` One lakh is presented to individuals and Invitations were invited for Shri Kailash Sankhla
institutions involved in wildlife protection. National Widlife Fellowship Award for the year
During the year, process for grant of the 2012. So far, total 3 nominations have been
award for the year 2010 has been undertaken, received and the same would be appraised by
and the finalisation of the awards is under the Awardees Selection Committee under the
consideration. Nominations are invited for the Chairmanship of the Secretary (E&F).
324
11
325
E nv i ro n m e nt a l i n fo r m at i o n ( E I ) – Supporting capacity building in

Division development of repositories and
dissemination of environmental
Introduction
information, including through holding
EI Division is responsible for the following of National/ Regional Workshops.
areas of work:
– Coord inat ion of ind ep e n de nt
– Formulation, implementation and evaluation overall of the Scheme
monitoring of the Environmental as well as conducting annual
Information System (ENVIS) Scheme with performance review of each ENVIS
a view to making it a single-stop web- Centre, including through National
enabled comprehensive information Evaluation Committees of Experts
system, including the following:
on both subject-specific matters and
– Formulation and issuance of guidelines Status of Environment and Related
for administration of the Scheme. Issues.
– Periodic convening of the Scientific – Development and maintenance of
Advisory Committee (SAC) to review
India State-Level Basic Environmental
the functioning of the Scheme.
Information Database (ISBEID) to help 28
– Review and approval of Annual Plan of ENVIS Centres at State Governments/ UTs
Activities of each of 67 ENVIS Centres to collect, compile and disseminate State/
country-wide set up for providing UT-wide information on a centralised
scientific, technical and semi-technical
server.
information on various environmental
issues. – All matters related to Green National
Accounting in India.
– Monitoring and oversight of the
functioning of ENVIS Centres. – Disposal of Parliament matters regarding
– Coordination of all activities of the the ENVIS scheme.
ENVIS Centres through the ENVIS Focal – Disposal of Right to Information Act, 2005
Point located in EI Division. matters regarding the ENVIS Scheme.
– Auditing and upgrading of ENVIS – Coordinating all matters regarding
Centres’ Websites maintained on the conferring of the ‘Indira Gandhi
National Informatics Centre (NIC) ParyavaranPuraskar’ (IGPP), including
Portal. development of ‘Regulations governing
– Development and maintenance of IGPP’.
an ENVIS Portal connecting all ENVIS – Coordinating and representation of the
Centres. Ministry on UNEP’s Global Environment
– Development and maintenance of the Outlook (Geo-5)’s High Level Inter-
Ministry’s Website which has also been Governmental Advisory Panel and
linked with various Divisions. Summary for Policy-Makers’ (SPM) Drafting
– Supporting and promoting research, Group under its global inter-Governmental
development and innovation in and multi-stakeholder consultations.
environmental information
– Coordinating the development, publishing
technology.
326
and dissemination of the Annual Reports collation, storage, retrieval and dissemination
of the Ministry. to all concerned, including policy planners,
– Coordinating the development, publishing decision-makers, researchers, scientists and
and dissemination of the annual National the public.
‘Report to the People on Environment and The long-term objectives of the Scheme
Forests’ since 2009-10. are as follows:
– Coordinating the development, publishing
– To build up a repository and dissemination
and dissemination of periodic State-of-
Center in Environmental Science and
Environment (SoE) Reports of Nation/
Engineering.
States/ UTs/ Cities/ Towns/ various
environmental ‘Hot-Spots’. – To gear up state-of-art technologies
of information acquisition, processing,
– Coordination and liaison with various
11
storage, retrieval and dissemination of
National information systems.
environmental nature.
– All financial matters relating to the
– To support and promote research,
Schemes and Programmes handled by
development and innovation in
the Division.
environmental information technology.
– Collec tion and dissemination of
Its short-term objectives are as follows:
information to various Non-Governmental
Organisations (NGOs) through the NGO – To provide national environmental
Cell, and liaison with different Ministries/ information service relevant to present
Departments and other Government needs and capable of meeting the future
agencies on various issues including needs of the users, originators, processors
creating a database relating to NGOs and disseminators of information.
working in the field of environment and – To build up storage, retrieval and
its associated areas. dissemination capabilities, with the
Environmental Information System ultimate objective of disseminating
(ENVIS) information speedily to the users.
Introduction – To promote national and international
cooperation and liaison for exchange of
Environmental Information System
environment related information.
(ENVIS), by providing scientific, technical
and semi-technical information on various – To promote, support and assist education
environmental issues since its inception in 1982- and personnel training programmes
83 (Sixth Plan), has served the interests of policy designed to enhance environmental
formulation and environment management at information processing and utilizing
all levels of Government as well as decision- capabilities.
making aimed at environmental protection and – To promote and exchange of environment
its improvement for sustaining good quality of related information amongst developing
life of all living beings. The purpose has been to countries.
ensure integration of national efforts in web- Functionally, it is a decentralised system
enabled environmental information collection, of ENVIS Centres mandated to develop
327
Fig-56. Ministry’s Website (http://www.moef.gov.in)
a distributed network of subject-specific the ENVIS network partners. The list of ENVIS
databases. With the association of the network partners is given at Annexure-IX.
various State Governments/Union Territories
Progress/ Achievements made in 2012-13
Administrations in promoting the ENVIS
network to cover a wide range of subjects, In 2012-13, the ENVIS network, established
28ENVIS Centres are operating from State/ under ENVIS Scheme comprising of 67 ENVIS
UT Departments/ Pollution Control Boards Centres variously covering subject-specific
on State/ UT-wide status of environment and areas and status of environment and related
related issues. issues, continued its mandated annual
information-related activities, database
ENVIS network at present consists of
development, publication of requisite
a chain of 67 ENVIS Centres out of which
information packages through newsletters,
39 are on subject-specific and 28 on State/
abstracting services, etc. It also continued
UT related issues. These Centers are hosted
its query-response services during the year.
by notable organizations/institutions/State/
This has entailed, inter alia, updating and
UT Government Departments/ Universities
maintaining an information database that
throughout the country. The Focal Point of
includes both descriptive information as well
ENVIS is located in the Ministry and assists the
as numerical data. Descriptive information in
EI Division in coordinating the activities of all
the form of publications, reports, reprints and
328
abstracts on related subjects was stored for media reports and other important issues of
dissemination. Numerical data on the subject the Ministry was regularly uploaded on the
concerned was collected, compiled, processed Website with the objective of disseminating
and analyzed for the purpose of dissemination such information to all concerned. The Website
through the Centres. Documentation in itself, which recorded a huge number of hits
the form of publications and reports were per month reflecting its high usage by national
brought out. All the information thus compiled and international users, was upgraded in 2012-
was made available on the websites of the 13 and transferred to an open-source Content
respective ENVIS Centres. Management System (CMS), keeping in view the
guidelines for development and management
ENVIS Focal Point maintained and
of government websites to render it more
continuously updated the Website of the
transparent, user friendly, database-driven and
Ministry (URL: http://www.moef.gov.in)
11
dynamic with modern features such as browser
and disseminated information through the
independence and compatibility with mobile
Website to all concerned throughout 2012-
devices.
13. The Website (Fig-56) was also linked
with the various Divisions of the Ministry in A Portal of ENVIS connecting all the ENVIS
order to have up-to-date information on the network partners (URL http://www.envis.nic.
subjects concerned. Besides, information on in) is updated regularly (Fig-57). The Portal acts
new updates of the Ministry, responses to as a catalyst for inter-Centre interaction and
Fig-57. ENVIS Focal Point Website (http://www.envis.nic.in)
329
for information on several broad categories of The meeting of the 10-member re-
thematic and State-specific subjects assigned constituted Scientific Advisory Committee
to the Centers. The Websites of all ENVIS (SAC), under the Chairmanship of the Secretary,
Centresare also directly accessible from the Ministry of Environment & Forests, was held
homepage of the Portal enabling sourcing of on 5thNovember 2012. SAC, which consists of
information on major events, activities and fiveofficial and five non-official Members, is
current updates of the entire network. mandated to review the functioning of ENVIS
Scheme, to suggest new areas in upcoming
In 2012-13, the ENVIS Portal was
fields of environmental sciences, and identify
redesigned to make it more user-friendly.
appropriate institutions for setting up Centres,
Online monitoring and evaluation on a regular
The recommendations of the fourth National
basis via the ENVIS Portal for ENVIS Centresis is
Evaluation Workshop, held on 29-30th August
under implementation.
2012 at Bhopal were ratified by the SAC,
In 2012-13, security auditing of 36 ENVIS and taken into account while taking its own
Centres’ websites, taken up en bloc in Phase-I, decisions on the desirable improvements of
has been completed. These Websites have the ENVIS Scheme as a whole while carrying
been transferred to a common CMS platform outs a review thereof. In accordance with the
in collaboration with NIC for conformance with decisions of SAC, the Note for the Standing
the Guidelines issued by Indian Computer Finance Committee (SFC) has been revised,
Emergency Response Team (CERT-In). The and considered by the IFD. The process for final
Websites are to be bilingual i.e., English and approval of the competent authority on the
Hindi or a regional language, have features like modifications to the Scheme and, in particular,
archival process, dedicated sections for events/ the revised guidelines for the operations of the
announcements, SoE Reports and Photo Centres and revised parameters for evaluating
Gallery,etc, besides having secure control panel the functioning and performance of ENVIS
for each ENVIS Centre to submit their monthly Centres is well under way and would be
reports, publications, etc. Process of inclusion concluded within the financial year.
of remaining Centres’ Websites in Phase-II is
Query-Answer service is one of the major
underway.
responsibilities of the ENVIS Network. The
The fourth National Evaluation Workshop ENVIS Focal Point and all its partners responded
was organised on 29-30thAugust, 2012 at to a large number of queries during the year
Bhopal. The Centres were evaluated by two and provided substantive information as far as
Independent Expert Committees constituted possible. The ENVIS network responded to more
by the Ministry, one for Centres hosted by State than 1,50,000 queries during the EleventhPlan
Governments/ UT Administrations and the other period on various subject areas on environment
for Thematic Centres. The participating ENVIS and its allied disciplines. In 2012-13 (as on
Centers actively interacted with the experts 31.01.2013), 29,865 queries were addressed by
and peer Centers on various technical issues 51 Centres and the ENVIS Focal Point. Further,
pertaining to their day-to-day functioning. The wherever, information is not readily available,
Committees made certain recommendations the network also provided ‘Referral Service’ to
for the improvement of the functioning of the the concerned users. The major subject areas on
ENVIS Centres and ENVIS Scheme as a whole. which the queries were responded pertained
330
to climatechange, ozone layer, environmental Target-19. The Centre responded to

conservation, environmental standards, water about 150 queries on Avian Ecology,
and air pollution, waste management and and it’s website (http://bnhs.nic.in) which
environmental laws, environmental education underwent restructuring in 2012, hosts
and awareness, etc. useful information on avian ecology.
Online Monitoring and Evaluation System – ENVIS Centre at CPR Environment
on day-to-day basis for ENVIS Centres, has Education Centre, (CPREEC), Chennai:
been taken up for development. A prototype is The thrust area of CPREEC ENVIS on
presently being used to evaluate the 36 Centres ‘Conservation of Ecological Heritage
whose Websites have been upgraded so far. and Sacred Sites in India’ had 8 specific
components (sacred plants, gardens,
Based on the independent performance groves, animals, mountains, rivers, water
11
evaluation of each Centre by the respective bodies and precincts of India) and
National Evaluation Committee, the expanded the scope of its activities to
recommendations of the physical visit by an include a component on ‘sacred seeds’ in
officer of the Ministry, and online evaluation April 2012. The web page format of sacred
of the ENVIS Centre, the Division extended animal was changed and information
financial support to 46 Centres (by 31.01.2013) added for around 13 sacred animals and 35
as compared to 47 in the year 2011-12. sacred groves. Trees of the Rig Veda were
Three proposals from reputed institutes/ compiled under sacred plants. Its website
organisations for hosting new ENVIS Centres (http://cpreecenvis.nic.in) recorded about
were also considered as per the guidelines in 1,32,000 hits this year so far and in addition
this regard. to numerous personal interactions, around
Activities with regard to SoE Reports were 12 queries were answered by email and
also taken up and Reports for Karnataka and telephone. Ecoheritage.com (Volume XI:
Lakshadweep are likely to be published in 2012- April 2012 to March 2013) was compiled as
13. Reports for Arunachal Pradesh, Jammu & a single issue. CPREEC continued to collect
Kashmir and Tripura are under preparation. and update its databases on ecological
traditions of various States of India.
Activities of some ENVIS Centres during the
– ENVIS Centre at Depar tment of
year 2012-13 (as on 31.01.2013)
Environment, State Government of Tamil
– ENVIS Centre at the Bombay Natural Nadu (TNENVIS), Chennai: With a thrust
History Society (BNHS), Mumbai: Itis area on ‘State of Environment and related
a thematic Centre on ‘Avian Ecology issues’ in Tamil Nadu, the ENVIS Centre
and Inland Wetlands’. In 2012-13, apart prepared a database on fungal diversity
from participating in the Eleventh of Tamil Nadu and State of Environment
Conference of Parties of the Convention Report for Chennai Metropolitan Area
of Biological Diversity (CoP-11) hosted by during 2012-13. Three subject-specific
India (Hyderabad; 8-19th October 2012), newsletters were also published on Green
the Centre published and distributed a Economy, Greening in Tamil Nadu and
special issue of BUCEROS Newsletteron Wildlife of Tamil Nadu. The ISBEID database
the achievement of Aichi Biodiversity was updated under all modules. The Centre
331
conducted various awareness programmes in factories (P) (India), major industrial

and exhibitions during World Environment accidents in Asia, etc.
Day 2012, Wildlife Week 2012 and Chennai – ENVIS Centre at World Wide Fund for
Science Festival 2012. The Centre’s website Nature - India, (WWF-India), New Delhi:
(http://tnenvis.nic.in) has been revamped On its theme ‘NGOs and Parliament Matters
and data updates are made regularly in related to Environment’, the Centre’smajor
the public domain. activities included compilation of the
– ENVIS Centre at National Botanical periodical publications and publishing of
Research Institute (NBRI), Lucknow: NBRI 10thEdition of the NGO Directory. The Centre
ENVIS, a thematic Centre on ‘Indicators of has also compiled the compendium on
Plant Pollution’ published newsletters on ‘Environment in the Indian Parliament:An
Plant Adaptation to Drought and Climate Analysis 2011’ (LokSabha and RajyaSabha)
Change and Agriculture for circulation which included statistical and graphical
among variousstakeholders in India. presentations of trends on the subject
Monthly E-news bulletins and news in Parliament. The Centre also compiled
bulletins were prepared on various themes quarterly newsletterson its activities and
(pesticide waste, vehicular pollution, updated information on subject areas,
e-waste, hazardous waste, etc.) and which accessed online (http://wwfenvis.
uploaded on its website. Various modules nic.in).
of its website (http://nbrienvis.nic.in) – ENVIS Centre at Environment
including Hindi webpages were updated. Management & Policy Institute (EMPRI),
Under the subject area module, Green Bengaluru: The State Centre on the
Planner has been updated and a new link thrust area of ‘Status of Environment
‘NBRI-PADAP’ has been added. Articles of and related issues’ redesigned the ENVIS
the month on different topics, viz., in- website (http://karenvis.nic.in) adding
door air pollution, nano-intruders, artificial new sections for information related to
photosynthesis, etc. were prepared and news items, newsletters, publications
uploaded on the website. and taxonomic databases. Its databases
– ENVIS Centre at National Institute section provides access to various species
of Occupational Health, (NIOH), databases (birds, butterflies, medicinal
Ahmedabad: This thematic Centre plants, fishes, African Giant Snail, etc.). The
on ‘Environmental and Occupational Centre has also developed a geospatial
H e a l t h’ b ro u g ht o u t n e ws l e t te r s, portal to disseminate information on
bibliographies and upcoming event in various attributes including biodiversity,
its subject fields. The website (http:// physico-chemical/ morphological aspects
www.niohenvis.nic.in) has been redesigned and other attributes regarding the health of
and updated with newsletters and water bodies around Bengaluru. The Centre
bibliographies, statistical data including published 4 issues of “Parisara” Newsletter
industry-wise fatal and non-fatal injuries on themes like ‘E-Waste Management’,
and dangerous occurrences during 2009 ‘Climate Change’, ‘Rainwater Harvesting’
in Gujarat state, fatal and non-fatal injuries and ‘Management of Invasives like Lantana
Camara’. A library of over 4,000 titles was
332
established and also digitised with KOHA the website also offers detailed information
Open Source software. On ISBEID, data on different forest species, forest cover,
was collected and updated in 12 out of etc. in the country.
17 modulesfor an average of 5 years. – ENVIS Centre at Institute for Ocean
– ENVIS Centre at Environment Protection Management (IOM), Chennai: IOM ENVIS
Training and Research Institute (EPTRI), specialises in the theme of ‘Coastal Zone
Hyderabad: The Centre on the thematic Management and Coastal Shelter Belts’.
area of ‘Ecology of Eastern Ghats’has During 2012-13, it developed State-wise
restructured and upgraded its website coastal erosion maps indicating high,
(http://eptrienvis.nic.in). Data on mineral medium and low erosion categories, which
wealth and mining activities, biodiversity, were cleared by Coastal States/ UTs of
protected areas, Seshachalam biosphere Gujarat, Kerala, Odisha, Puducherry and
11
reserve, experts and abstract database, Tamil Nadu, updated the database on
news clippings, photo gallery, emerging mapping and information on all hotspots
issues, conventions treaties, legislation, of Coastal Shelter Belts and ecologically
policy matters and library were updated sensitive areas in India; updated statistics
on the website. EPTRI ENVIS published on fishery resources for all Coastal States/
four quarterly newsletters (ISSN: 0974- UTs; and created a database on Coastal
2336) on the themesof ‘Medicinally Shelter Belts. The Centre also provided
Important Climbing Plants from Eastern detailed description of the Andaman &
Ghats’,‘Mineral Wealth of Eastern Ghats Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands and
Region’, and ‘Faunal Rediscovery and created a GIS database of island and
New Records in Seshachalam Biosphere land use of selected inhabited islands.
Reserve’. The databases and related information is
– ENVIS Centre at Forest Research Institute available on Centre’s website (http://www.
(FRI), Dehradun:Drawing from its thematic iomenvis.nic.in).
area of ‘Forestry’, the ENVIS Centre – ENVIS Centre at Indian School of Mines
published an issue of ENVIS Forestry (ISM) Dhanbad: This ENVIS Centre deals
Bulletin on ‘Poplars in India’ which was with environmental issues pertaining to
released during the 24thSession of the mining. During FY 2012-13, the website
International Poplar Commission held at (http://ismenvis.nic.in) was switched to
FRI (29thOctober – 2ndNovember, 2012) new design. The Centre has collected,
and five issues of Environment and Forests compiled and disseminated relevant
News Digest. Its website (http://frienvis. documents/information in the field of
nic.in)was restructured and redesigned. mine environment worldwide through
The Centre compiled bibliographical newsletters and website. The Centre
databases on ‘Indian Forestry Abstracts’, was visited by a number of luminaries.
‘Participatory Forestry Management’, Query response services to national and
‘Prosopisjuliflora, Poplars’ and ‘Environment international institutions and individuals
and Forests’ which are accessible online. were also provided during the year. Three
These databases have been updated with newsletters have been published by the
the addition of new references. Besides, Centre and the website is continuously
333
updated with news, major activities and Following a Workshop held for this purpose
upcoming events. (Hyderabad; 7-8 June, 2010), the number of
– ENVIS Centre at Environment & Ecology modules were reduced to 17 (covering air and
Wing, Forests & Environment Department, water pollution, forestry, land resources, flora,
State Government of Manipur, Imphal: fauna, etc.). ISBEID is now being extended to all
The thrust of information maintained and States/UTs ENVIS Centres.
updated by this Centre is on ‘Status of There are two components of ISBEID
Environment and Related Issues’. Among application, namely, Management Information
State ENVIS Centres, this Centre has System (MIS) and Geographic Information
systematised its information collection System (GIS) that have been developed by NIC
and updating on each of the parameters in collaboration with ENVIS Focal Point. The MIS
included in the 17 modules of ISBEID component is primarily intended to provide (a)
by identifying gaps in data availability provide one-stop information source to users,
and was accordingly among the first to (b) query data from its repositories with advance
begin making data entries in the specific search and filters, (c) prepare charts and graphs
modules on environment and ecology to visualise data, and (d) provide statistical
(http://manenvis.nic.in), besides carrying tables in PDF and XLS formats to the users for
out its major activities of publishing of their custom use. The GIS modules is intended
newsletters, reports, etc. to (a) provide internet-based GIS application,
India State-Level Basic Environmental interactive maps capable of handling operations
Information Database (ISBEID) like zoom in/out, pan, print, measure etc.,
In order to develop databases on and (b) enable querying ISBEID interactively
environment and its related parameters and on dynamic maps with layers such as rivers,
to make it online for to-and-fro information railways lines, roads, location of National Parks,
flow, a web-enabled application, namely, India Reserves etc. A two-day user workshop was
State-Level Basic Environmental Information organised (New Delhi, 12-13 May, 2011) with
Database (ISBEID) was developed by the Division all State/UT ENVIS Centers, experts and officials
in collaboration with NIC. ISBEID is especially from the Ministry, in order to familiarise them
intended to help the ENVIS Centres hosted with the use of MIS and GIS modules of ISBEID
by State Government/ UT Administrations to software. Another User Workshop on ISBEID
collect, compile and disseminate information and ENVIS Network websites was organised
on a centralised server and to fill their gaps on 18-19th February 2013 at New Delhi. The
in environmental data dissemination. Initially, Workshop deliberated on inter-linking and
a pilot project was taken up for two States, unifying various environmental databases of
namely, Odisha and Madhya Pradesh with the ENVIS network. A new user-interface for
6 modules of the proposed 23 modules. the ISBEID application has also been taken
Later, it was extended to 7 more States with up keeping in view modern technologies,
6 additional modules. Based on its results, which will enable dynamic access to maps on
it was decided to review the 23 modules in the homepage and interactive querying and
consultation with extant 28 States’/ UTs’ ENVIS generation of customised summary reports
Centres and to extend ISBEID to all States/UTs. using its databases.
334
Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar – Shortlisting is to be completed by the

(IGPP) Expert Members within 30 days of despatch
In 1987, the Ministry instituted an award of brief of nominations to them.
called “Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar” to – Ground-truth verification of the short
give recognition to those having made or having listed nominations will be done by the
the potential to make measurable and major Regional Offices concerned of the Ministry
impact in the protection of environment. Initially, within 45 days of despatch of shortlisted
one cash prize of ` 1,00,000/- was awarded to nominations to them.
either an individual or an organization of India in – While submitting the briefs of nominations
recognition of their exceptional and outstanding
to the Expert Members for short listing
contributions in the field of environment.
the most deserving nominations, the
Presently, the award comprises of two prizes of
Ministry will give information regarding
11
` 5 lakh each under the “Organization Category”
the previous awardees and categorised
and three prizes of ` 5 lakh, ` 3 lakh and ` 2 lakh
(State-wise, zone-wise, gender-wise etc.)
respectively under the “Individual Category”.
data on awards received, so that the
Along with the cash prize, each awardee is given
non-represented States/ zones/ areas get
a Silver Lotus Trophy, Scroll and Citation. The
proper representation. The Experts will
award is given annually and an advertisement
inviting nominations for IGPP is released every be requested to give proper emphasis
year on 15th July in national dailies with regional on these aspects, besides other criteria
coverage. of selection, while short listing the
nominations.
As per the decision of the Prize Committee,
– Prize will be given at a formal ceremony
another revision of ‘Regulations governing
to be arranged by the Ministry of
IGPP’ was done during 2012-13. The revisions
Environment & Forests on any occasion
broadly include the following:
related to environment each year,
– The total period for inviting nominations preferably on 5th June.
was reduced to 45 days from the date
Annual Report of the Ministry
of publication of the advertisement.
Henceforth, the last date for receipt of The Annual Report of the Ministry for the
nominations shall be 29th August every year 2011-12 was published and got distributed
year. to various Central and State Government
– Selection of Expert Members of the Prize Departments, professional institutions,
Committee shall be done biennially by universities, research organizations, embassies/
the Ministry. The tenure of the Expert High Commissions of various countries in
Members will be 2 years. All the Prizes India, etc. The electronic versions of current
that will be proposed during the tenure and previous Annual Reports are also made
of the Expert Members will be considered available on the website of the Ministry.
by them irrespective of the year.
The details of the IGPP and the present
– The number of shortlisted nominations status are given in Chapter-10 dealing with
is to be not more than 10% of the total Fellowhips and Awards.
number of nominations received.
335
Report to the People on Environment and – Development and management of an

Forests efficient centralised statistical database
As a follow-up to the Hon’ble President on environment and forestry sectors
of India’s address to the Joint Session of the with the assistance of various Divisions
Parliament on June 4, 2009, EI Division of of the Ministry and Environment Centres,
the Ministry published its First Report to the with a view to meeting the requirements
people on Environment and Forests-2009-10. of various Divisions and other overall
In 2012-13, the Second Report for 2010-11 requirements.
has also been published. The purpose of the – Liaison with Ministry of Statistics
Reports is to generate a national debate on &Programme Implementation and other
environmental issues, which will form the basis Ministries on all types of statistical
for suitable revision in the policy framework, matters
wherever required and ultimately result in – Liaison with State Governments and UT
improved performance in Environment and Administrations, and where necessary,
Forests Sector. The Reports have been hosted subordinate and attached offices and
in the Ministry’s website and widely distributed autonomous bodies of Ministry of
to all the stakeholders concerned. Environment & Forests to strengthen the
State of Environment Reporting (SoER) processes of data collection, validation,
Scheme processing and interpretation of statistical
data.
Since the Tenth Plan, 100% Central
Assistance is provided to States/UTs to prepare – Rendering advice to all Divisions
their SoE Report highlighting the upstream on statistical matters and provising
and downstream linkages with environmental interpretations of statistical data and
issues, besides creating a baseline document implementation of statistical components
in each State/UT. SoER reporting was merged of various Conventions and Agreements.
with the ENVIS Scheme in 2008-09. Since 2004- – Undertaking research studies based on
05, one National SoE Report and 29 States/ City/ the centralised database and providing
Hot Spots Reports have been published. During inputs for research studies on development
2012-13,SoE Report of Chennai Metropolitan of appropriate statistical methodologies
Area has been printed and draft SoE Reports relating to various components of
for Karnataka and Lakshadweep have been environment and forestry sectors.
prepared. – Serving as nodal point for various
Committees of the Government, including
Statistical Cell
those on ‘Development of Database
The functional responsibilities of the on Climate Change’ and ‘Issues in the
Statistical Cell are as follows: Estimation of GDP of Forestry Sector’
– Identification of existing data gaps and constituted by Ministry of Statistics
advice on bridging them in order to &Programme Implementation.
strengthen the process of planning, – Serving as nodal point for the periodic
monitoring and decision-making in the publications produced by the Central
Ministry. Statistical Organisation as per the
336
recommendations of the National Statistical Scheme is ` 70.00 crore. Against this, the
Commission, including Compendium of Annual Plan outlay for its first year, 2012-13
Environmental Statistics and Statistical was ` 7.86 crore, which was reduced to ` 7.36
Abstracts. crore at RE stage. Actual expenditure incurred,
In 2012-13, inputs were provided to various as on 31.01.2013, under the Scheme was ` 5.33
Committees of the Government, including crore, showing a utilization ratio of 72.41%.
those on ‘Development of Database on Climate In terms of physical performance, as
Change’ and ‘Issues in the Estimation of GDP compared to extension of support to 47 ENVIS
of Forestry Sector’ constituted by Ministry of Centres in 2011-12, in the current year 2012-
Statistics & Programme Implementation. It also 13 so far 46 Centres have been supported (as
provided information for periodic publications on 31.01.2013). This has also entailed visit by
produced as per the recommendations of the officers to these Centres for verification of the
11
National Statistical Commission, including performance of the Centre concerned against
Compendium of Environmental Statistics and the mandated annual activities.
Statistical Abstracts and other publications
of Central Statistical Office (CSO). Statistical Important Committees/ Commissions
Advisor served as amember of the Organising The Environmental Prize Committee
Committee constituted by the CSO for the for the Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar
International Seminar on Green GDP to be held (IGPP) constituted under the chairpersonship
during 5-6 April, 2013. of Hon’ble Vice President of India has the
following composition:
Non-Governmental Organisations (NGO)
Cell 1. Vice-President of India Chairperson
A Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) 2. Speaker of Lok Sabha Member

Cell has been set up in the Ministry to handle 3. Minister for Environment and Member
various matters relating to NGO’s working Forests
in diverse field of environment. The basic 4. Expert Members Members
functions of the Cell are: 5. Secretary, Ministry of Environment Member
& Forests Secretary
– Collection and dissemination of information
to various NGOs. The Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC)
– Liaison with the Planning Commission and of ENVIS, which oversee and monitor the
other Government Ministry to create a functioning of the Scheme, was reconstituted on
database of various NGOs working in the 9th April, 2012 composed is given in Table-68.
field of environment and its associated
First meeting of the reconstituted
areas.”
SAC was held on 5th November, 2012 at
Besides replying to Parliament Questions/ ParyavaranBhawan, New Delhi. The committee
Assurances, the NGO Cell also disposed of 16 approved the revised Guidelines for ENVIS
number of RTI applications.” Scheme including criteria for establishment of
Budget allocation and progress of new ENVIS Centres, monitoring mechanism,
expenditure during 2012-13 evaluation criteria, closure of non-performing
Centres, infrastructure-related obligations
Total Twelfth Plan outlay for the ENVIS
337
Table-68. Composition of Scientific Advisory Committee
1. Secretary, Ministry of Environment & Forests Chairperson

2. Director General & Special Secretary (Forests) or his representative, Member
3. Additional Secretary (EIDivision), Ministry of Environment & Forests Member
4. Additional Secretary & Financial Adviser, Ministry of Environment & Forests Member
5. ShriKartikeya Sarabhai Member
Founder Director
Centre for Environment Education (CEE), Ahmedabad, Gujarat
6. Dr. Rakesh Goel Member
IA/45-B, Ashok Vihar Phase-1, New Delhi
7. Dr. Rakesh Chetal Member
118-D, Lane No. 7, Krishna Nagar, Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi
8. Prof. S.K. Barik Member
Department of Botany, North Eastern Hill University,
UmshingMawkynroh, Shillong, Meghalaya
9. Dr. IzharulHaqFarooqi Member
Department of Civil Engineering, Z.H. College of Engineering & Technology,
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
10. Economic Adviser (EI Division), Ministry of Environment & Forests Member Secretary
of host institution and human resources composed of independent experts made

development. Recommendations of the certain recommendations/observations for
National Workshop held at Bhopal during 29- further improvement in the activities of the
30th August 2012 were also discussed and were ENVIS Centres and betterment of the ENVIS
agreed to be incorporated as suitable in the Scheme as a whole.
revised guidelines.
A one-day User Workshop on India
Co n fe re n ce s, i n c l u d i n g n at u re o f State-level Basic Environmental Information
participation, subjects discussed, outcomes, Database (ISBEID) was organized jointly by
and implementation/ action taken on its M/o Environment and Forests (MoEF) and
outcomes National Informatics Centre (NIC) at New Delhi
A two-days National Interaction-cum- on 18th February, 2013 in order to demonstrate
Evaluation workshop for ENVIS Centres was to the 28 State/UT ENVIS Centres, the features
organised by the EI Division in collaboration of Geographical Information System (GIS)
with the Disaster Management Institute (DMI), interface of ISBEID and to address the various
Bhopal during 29-30th August, 2012 to evaluate hurdles faced by the Centres in data collection
the performance of the 67 ENVIS Centres. for the Management Information System (MIS)
Based on the presentations, interactions and of ISBEID.
feedback received from the participants, A one-day User Workshop on ENVIS
the two National Evaluation Committees
338
Website Restructuring Projects was organized There are also visits by groups such as
jointly by M/o Environment and Forests (MoEF) trainee officers and probationers of Indian
and National Informatics Centre (NIC) at Forest Service, Rangers Colleges, etc.
New Delhi on 19th February, 2013 in order to During conferences in Delhi, groups of
demonstrate the Integrated Generic Database NGOs also visit together in large numbers,
Design Methodology for CMS Portals to the which otherwise come singly throughout
36 ENVIS Centres, whose websites are being the year. During the summer, autumn and
restructured by NIC. winter holidays, school/college students
and their parents also visit in fair numbers
Information and Facilitation Counter (IFC)
to seek resource material (particularly
The Information and Facilitation Counter pictorial material) for assignments and
at Paryavaran Bhawan, New Delhi is being run project work.
11
by CEE, a Centre of Excellence of this Ministry, – Distributing MoEF’s resource material
since December 2005. This has been done (Annual Reports, Funding Schemes,
in a unique model of partnership, and MoEF Fellowships Guidelines, Research
became the first Ministry in the Government G u i d e l i n e s, B ro c h u re s, J o u r n a l s,
to have such a wide-based public facilitation Newsletters, etc). Annual Reports of up
service, in contrast to most other IFCs that only to 3 previous years (both Hindi & English)
hand out copies of annual reports. Over the are being stocked and distributed.
last seven years, the IFC has performed a wide
– A display and reference area for publications
range of functions as briefly enumerated here:
of MoEF and its ENVIS Centres.
– Providing broad-based information to – Providing the first level of visitor facilitation
visitors (both general public and officials) and application guidelines for various
on the Ministry, its divisions; contacts Clearances and No Objection Certificates
of officers; directional guidance; MoEF’s issued by this Ministry. These include
structure & organization, schemes, NOC for imports of hazardous substances,
programmes, etc. This is being done both environment impact assessment clearances
through staff manning the Helpdesk as of different projects, forest clearances,
well as a Touchscreen facility. In actual genetic engineering clearances, etc.
practice, IFC staff renders assistance to
– Providing information about the status of
visitors not only regarding MoEF but
various applications (for environmental
also about the locations of various other
clearances, project proposals for funding,
Ministries and Departments in the CGO
grant applications under different
Complex, since the MoEF IFC happens to
schemes), and helping to retrieve this
be the first facility visible to most people
information from the concerned Divisions
entering the central courtyard of CGO. Not
of MoEF. IFC staff also helps link up the
only common people, but also MPs, MLAs
visiting applicants to the concerned officers
and other dignitaries, senior officials, UN
in various Divisions, so that clearance-
officials and diplomats come here and seek
related technical queries can be settled
guidance with regards to the Ministry’s
efficiently.
programmes, schemes, etc.
– Providing information to the public with
339
regard to different events organised by – Receiving fees in cash or DD form, and

MoEF on specific environment-related days issuing acknowledgement;
e.g. World Environment Day functions, – Forwarding applications to the RTI Cell in
Ozone Day, Wetlands Day, Green Haat, GC Division, for routing to the relevant
schedule of the Science Express - Division;
Biodiversity Special, and so on.
– Preparing cash challans and depositing
– Providing information about various cash daily with the Ministry’s Cash
awards of the Ministry to the interested Section;
stakeholders and aspirants.
– Following up with the·· respondent Division
– During its idle time, the Touchscreen for timely issue of a response, including
also runs short films and AV clips on verbal reminders after 3rd week;
environment and nature conservation, for
– Collecting responses from Divisions and
the casual viewing of visitors.
providing them to the applicants (for
– Receiving and processing RTI applications collection in-person) within stipulated
from applicants (the “in-person” channel) time-frame.
and when required, coordinating with the
– Assisting with postal despatches of Annual
concerned Division to arrange physical
Reports and other publications of MoEF.
inspection (under IFC custody) of records
by visitors. The RTI work involves the – Stocking and selling the priced publications
following steps: of MoEF and depositing cash into the
Government Account.
– Providing blank formats for RTI
applications; – For continuous improvement and better
and efficient running of IFC, visitors’
– Receiving applications from people
feedback is obtained through a form,
submitting in person, and issuing
and comments are compiled about their
acknowledgement;
perceptions of IFC’s services.
340
12
341
Policy and Law Delhi and Pune, Kolkata, Bhopal and Chennai
as zonal benches have been notified. Delhi
Introduction
and Chennai Bench of the Tribunal have been
The Policy and Law Division is partly operationalised. In addition to the Chairperson,
implementing the Schemes “Assistance for 3 judicial and 9 Expert Members are working in
Abatement of Pollution, Environment Policy the Tribunal.
and Law” and Establishment of Environment
Commission and Tribunal” and providing
National Environment Assessment and
legislative and institutional support to other
Monitoring Authority (NEAMA)
thematic divisions whenever needed for any The Ministry proposes to establish
amendment to existing legislation/notification a National Environment Assessment
or implementation of the Environment and Monitoring Authority (NEAMA) with
(Protection) Act, 1986, National Environment domain expertise, technological finesse and
Policy 2006, National Green Tribunal Act, field outreach in order to strengthen and
2010, Ecomark Scheme and proposal relating professionalize the regimes of environment
to establishment of National Environment impact assessment and coastal zone
Assessment and Monitoring Authority management under Environment (Protection)
(NEAMA). Act, 1986. Constitution of NEAMA shall be a
part of larger regulatory reforms exercise to
National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
improve environmental regulation.
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) Act,
2010 has been brought into force on 18th
National Environment Policy (NEP),
2006
October, 2010. The NGT has been established
for the effective and expenditious disposal of The National Environment Policy, launched
cases relating to environmental protection in 2006 seeks to extend the coverage, and fill
and conservation of forests and other natural in gaps that still exist, in the light of present
resources including enforcement of any legal knowledge and accumulated experience. The
right relating to environment and giving relief task of review of the National Environment
and compensation for damages to persons and Policy has been initiated.
property and for matters connected therewith
or incidental thereto. It is a specialized body
Trade and Environment
equipped with the necessary expertise to Trade and Environment Cell
handle environmental disputes involving
Introduction
multi-disciplinary issues. The Tribunal shall not
be bound by the procedure laid down under Trade and Environment Division has the
the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, but shall be following areas of responsibility:
guided by principles of natural justice. – Provision of technical inputs to the
The Tribunal’s dedicated jurisdiction in preparatory process in the area of Trade
environmental matters shall provide speedy and Environment.
environmental justice and help reduce the – Formulation of Ministry’s position on
burden of litigation in the higher courts. Five trade-related matters referred to it by
places of sitting with Principal Bench at New other Ministries, including views on issues
342
relating to Regional/ Bilateral/ Multilateral Ministries/ Departments for issues concerning

Trade Agreements and other trade-related multilateral and bilateral negotiations as well
issues. as addressing supply side issues; developing a
– Acting as Nodal Cell within the Ministry strategy to increase and diversify India’s services
to deal with references received from M/o exports in order to respond to the challenges
Commerce & Industry. emerging from overdependence on the surplus
from only one service sector; addressing cross-
– Implementation of any on-going Project
cutting constraints like shortage of skilled
on Trade and Environment.
manpower which could affect growth of
– Acting as Export Promotion Cell in the services sector and ensuring that this resource
Ministry. pool is able to take advantage of emerging
Activities undertaken during the year opportunities world over; suggesting measures
12
The Trade and Environment Division to address domestic policy, regulatory and
regularly furnished comments and materials resource issues constraining growth of the
from environment, ecology, forestry and services sector; and tackling specific barriers
wildlife points of view to the Department of to market access in key markets being faced
Commerce for drawing up India’s position by India’s service suppliers. Economic Adviser
and contributing to the on-going multilateral served as a Member of a number of Inter-
negotiations under the Doha Development Ministerial Sub-Groups in the field of Trade in
Agenda (DDA) of the Agreement on the Services as well as Non-Tariff Measures in the
Establishment of the World Trade Organisation WTO as well as for Regional Trade Agreements
(WTO), in particular, the negotiations under constituted by the Department of Commerce
trade in goods and services and domestic this year.
regulations. This included, for instance, During the year, various regional trade
assessment of the proposed European Union’s agreements under negotiation by India were
Regulation on Ship Recycling, especially its examined and Ministry’s contributions were
potential for impact on domestic ship breaking provided, including on the (i) India-South
industry. In addition, issues emerging from the Africa Custom Union (CU) Preferential Trade
lack of availability of data in services which Agreement (PTA); (ii) India-Chile PTA; (iii)
hinders policy-making in the area as well as India-Australia Free Trade Agreement (FTA);
adversely affects bilateral and multilateral trade (iv) India-New Zealand FTA; and (v) India-
negotiations in services were also taken up in Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership
the context of environmental services. Certain Agreement (CEPA).
classification issues relating to environmental
services in the context of WTO’s questionnaire The Division also contributed to the
on Services are presently under scrutiny. on-going negotiations on various bilateral
investment treaties and bilateral investment
Secretary (E&F) is a Member of the Inter- protection agreements, including issues
Ministerial Committee on Services Issues such as transfer of environmentally sound
constituted by the Department of Commerce, technology to meet India’s environmental
which held three meetings on topical matters, requirements, which such bilateral investments
including coordination between different need to encourage, and various environmental
343
measures that may be necessary to protect in the context of the Environment Policy for
human, animal or plant life or health and/or Asia and Pacific Economies. This also included
conservation of natural resources under the suggestions and comments for Submission of
Model Texts of India-US Bilateral Investment India Country Report to the 10th Session of the
Promotion and Protection Agreement (BIPA) in United Nations Environment Fund to be held
the context of the Indo-US Strategic Dialogue. in Istanbul in 2013.
The Division also worked on various The Division also contributed relevant
diverse matters, which ranged from materials to other Divisions of the Ministry,
commenting on the issues regarding the notably the negotiations on Climate Change
Foreign Trade Policy of the Government and and assumption of the Presidency of the
the ‘Bilateral Development and Assistance: A Conference of Parties-11 of the Convention on
Handbook on Systems and Processes’ to the Biological Diversity.
intellectual property rights and public health
344
13
345
Sustainable Development Division are the overarching objectives of and essential

requirements of sustainable development.
Introduction
Sustainable Development is one of the The Conference further reaffirmed keeping
thrust areas of the Ministry of Environment and the centrality of equity and the principle of
Forests and it is responsible for interacting with common but differentiated responsibility in
the various UN Agencies, International Bodies the global environmental discourse, placing
and foreign countries for the cause of developing poverty eradication at the centre of the global
concerns of sustainable development in the developmental agenda; while at the same
various national programmes and policies. time providing the required domestic policy
space to the countries on green economy and
The United Nations Conference on launching of four processes/mechanisms, i.e.,
Environment and Development (UNCED), to develop Sustainable Development Goals,
2012 also called Rio+20 Summit was held in on financing strategy, on technology transfer,
Rio, Brazil from 20th to 22nd June 2012 and was and to define the format and organizational
attended by Heads of State and high-level aspects of the proposed high level political
representatives from Government of a large forum to follow up on the implementation of
number of countries and the civil society. India sustainable development.
was represented by the Hon’ble Prime Minister.
The delegation also included the Minister India has, since the UNCED held in 1992,
for Environment & Forests and officials from taken the process of sustainable development
the different Ministries of the Government. ad socially inclusive economic growth through
The Conference renewed its commitment to its Policies, Programmes and regulatory
sustainable development based on decisions framework. These efforts have led to progress
taken in the United Nations Conference on in sustainable development at the National,
Environment & Development (UNCED) held State and Local levels.
in Rio in 1992, Agenda 21, World Summit on Following the Rio+20 Summit, the Ministry
Sustainable Development (Johannesburg of Environment & Forests has set up an Inter-
Plan of implementation) 2002 and to ensuring Ministerial Working Group, to firm up India’s
the promotion of an economically, socially approach on “Sustainable Development Goals
and environmentally sustainable future for (SDGs)”, under the Chairmanship of Additional
our planet and for the present and future Secretary consisting of representatives of the
generations. The Conference acknowledged following Ministries: (i) Ministry of Agriculture
the need to further mainstream sustainable & Cooperation, (ii) Department of Food & Public
development at all levels, integrating Distribution, (iii) Ministry of Road Transport &
economic, social and environmental aspects Highways, (iv) Ministry of Urban Development,
and their inter-linkages so as to achieve (v) Ministry of Labour & Employment, (vi)
sustainable development in all its dimensions. Department of Ocean Development, (vii)
Rio+20 Summit further recognized that Ministry of Home Affairs, (viii) National Disaster
poverty eradication, promoting sustainable Management Authority, (ix) Ministry of External
patterns of consumption and production and Affairs, (x) Planning Commission and (xi) Dept.
protecting and managing the natural resource of Economic Affairs.
base for economic and social development
346
United Nations Convention to Combat Progress/achievements made during the

Desertification year
The Scheme United Nations Convention The following were important milestones
to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) is dealt by achieved:
Desertification Cell of the Ministry. – The 5th National Report was submitted
Brief Objectives to the UNCCD secretariat on-line on 15th
October 2012 using the Performance
The objective of the division is two fold:
Review and Assessment of Implementation
– To implement policies and promote policy System (PRAIS). The final submitted report
initiatives to minimize land degradation is available on the ministry website and
in dryland areas. can be downloaded at http://moef.nic.
in/modules/divisions/desertification-
13
– To facilitate planning and implementation
of programmes and projects to address cell/?f=report2012.
desertification, land degradation and – World Day to Combat Desertification
drought (DLDD) in the dryland areas, on June 17 2012 was observed and a
specially through sustainable land & workshop was organized at Indian Council
ecosystem management (SLEM). of Forestry Research and Education,
Activities undertaken so far Dehradun, Uttarakhand. The UNCCD theme
for this year, the workshop theme was
Policy Initiatives “Healthy soil sustains your life; LET’S GO
– The second Inter sessional LAND-DEGRADATION NEUTRAL.”
COP Bureau Meeting, held in Bonn, Regulatory Acts/Rules governing the
Germany during 5-6 November 2012 was programme and promulagation of new
attended by UNCCD National Focal Point, Acts
Joint Secretary Sh B.M.S Rathore as Vice – The United Nations Convention to Combat
President of CoP-Bureau. Desertification (UNCCD) is one of the
Programme Initiatives three Rio Conventions that focuses on
– Proposal on “Enhancing capacity for desertification, land degradation and
alignment of National Action Programme drought (DLDD). ‘Desertification’ as defined
to 10 year Strategy of UNCCD and for in the UNCCD refers to land degradation
National Reporting to UNCCD Secretariat” in the drylands (arid, semi arid and dry
for funding to the tune of USD 148,500 sub humid regions) resulting from various
from Global Environment Facility (GEF) factors and does not connote spread or
secretariat under cycle 5 has been expansion of deserts.
approved. – UNCCD with 194 Parties recognises
– India made contribution of Euro 41,463 land degradation as an important factor
for the core budget of UNCCD convention affecting some of the most vulnerable
biennium 2012-13 people and ecosystems in the world. The
convention aims at adaption and can, on
implementation, significantly contribute to
347
achieving the Millennium Development stakes and stands strongly committed to

Goals (MDGs), as well as sustainable implementing the UNCCD. The Ministry
development and poverty reduction by of Environment and Forests is the nodal
means of arresting and reversing land Ministry in the Government of India for
degradation. the UNCCD, and Desertification Cell is
– The convention promotes sustainable the nodal point within the Ministry to
land management (SLM) as solution to co-ordinate all issues pertaining to the
global challenges. Land degradation is convention. Additionally, India is also the
long-term loss of ecosystem function and Chair of the Asia Group of countries party
productivity caused by disturbances from to UNCCD.
which the land cannot recover unaided. – Though India does not have a specific policy
While Sustainable Land Management is or legislative framework for combating
focused on changes in land cover/land desertification as such, the concern for
use in order to maintain and enhance arresting and reversing land degradation
ecosystems functions and services. and desertification gets reflected in
– As the Convention enters its second many of our national policies which have
decade, the Parties unanimously adopted enabling provisions for addressing these
the 10-year strategic plan and framework problems. It is also implicit in the goals
to enhance the implementation of the of sustainable forest management (SFM),
Convention for 2008-2018 (The Strategy) at sustainable agriculture, sustainable land
COP8, held in Madrid in September 2007. management (SLM) and the overarching
The Strategy provides a unique opportunity goal of sustainable development which
to address some of the Convention’s key the country has been pursuing. The
challenges, to capitalize on its strengths, subject has in fact been engaging the
to seize opportunities provided by the attention of our planners and policy
new policy and financing environment, makers since the inception of planning.
and to create a new, revitalized common The first five year plan (1951-1956) had
ground for all UNCCD stakeholders. The ‘land rehabilitation’ as one of the thrust
Strategy contains the “strategic objectives” areas. In the subsequent plans too, high
to be achieved over the 10 years, and the priority has been consistently attached to
“operational objectives” that guide the development of the drylands.
actions of short and medium-term effects. – As per the Desertification and Land
The strategy can be downloaded at http:// Degradation Atlas of India published by
www.unccd.int/knowledge/docs/ The%20 the Space Application Centre in 2007
Strategy%20leaflet-english.pdf about 32.07 % of the land is undergoing
– India became a signatory to the United various forms of degradation and 25%
Nations Convention to Combat of the geographical area is affected by
Desertification on 14th October 1994 desertification. About 69% of the country’s
and ratified it on 17th December 1996. lands are drylands and degradation of
With about 32% of its land being affected these lands has severe implications for the
by land degradation, India has high livelihood and food security of millions.
348
– It is worth noting that India occupies only Climate Change

2.4% of the world’s geographical area,
Introduction
yet supports about 16.7% of the world’s
human population; it has only 0.5% of Climate change, as a phenomenon caused
the world’s grazing land but supports by historical concentration of greenhouse
18% of the world’s cattle population. gases in the atmosphere over a period of
Thus there is tremendous pressure on time, is a cause of concern to the entire global
our land-based natural resources, and community. Its effect on developing countries
sustainable land management is crucial is particularly adverse as their capacity and
for sustainable development and also our resources to deal with the challenge is limited.
progress towards attaining the MDG goals Studies indicate that climate change may
including poverty alleviation. exacerbate the problem of existing climate
variability in India. It is projected that, by the end
13
– India formulated and submitted in 2001
of 21st century, rainfall in India may increase by
a National Action Programme (NAP) to
15-40% with high regional variability. Warming
combat desertification, in accordance
may be more pronounced over land areas
with the Convention (UNCCD). A broad
with northern India experiencing maximum
roadmap to combating desertification,
increase. The warming could be relatively
NAP recognizes the multi-sectoral nature of
greater in winter and post-monsoon seasons.
the task, in view of the fact that many of the
The annual mean temperature could increase
drivers of desertification have cross cutting
by 3°C to 6°C over the century.
dimensions. As for instance, poverty of
the masses has long been known to be India’s emissions are estimated to be
a key driver of desertification and land of the order of 1331.6 million tonnes of the
degradation, which needs to addressed. carbon dioxide equivalent Green House
– To address the issues of DLDD and build Gas (GHG) emissions in 2007. The emissions
synergy with other RIO conventions indicate an annual growth of 4.2% from the
(UNFCCC & CBD), the Sustainable Land levels in 1994. However, India’s CO2 emissions
and Ecosystem Management Country are only about 4% of total global CO2 emissions
Partnership Program (SLEM CPP) was and much less if the historical concentrations
developed. The SLEM Programme is a joint are taken into account. Still, India has been
initiative between the Government of India conscious of the global challenge of climate
and the Global Environmental Facility (GEF), change and its likely adverse impact on various
under the latter’s Country Partnership sectors and ecosystems. During the year, the
Programme (CPP). The objective of SLEM Ministry conducted studies to make Integrated
Programmatic Approach is to “promote Vulnerability Assessment across sectors so
sustainable land management and as to ascertain the nature and framework of
use of biodiversity as well as maintain adaptation needs.
the capacity of ecosystems to deliver
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
goods and services”. Under this SLEM (IPCC)
Programmatic Approach, seven projects
IPCC is a specialized body jointly
have been formulated, and are under
established by the United Nations
various stages of implementation.
349
Environment Programme (UNEP) and World regional and national development priorities,
Meteorological Organization mandated to objectives and circumstances. The elements of
prepare scientific assessments on various information provided in the communication
aspects of climate change. IPCC is currently include a national inventory of anthropogenic
engaged in the preparation of Fifth Assessment emissions by sources and removals by
Report on Climate Change through three sinks of all greenhouse gases, a general
Working Groups. India is engaged with the description of steps taken to implement
IPCC in analyzing and critically examining the the Convention including an assessment
work being done under 3 Working Groups of of impacts and vulnerability, and any other
the IPCC in phased manner. Working Group I on relevant information. The communication is
the Climate Change will present the physical meant to provide the context and the national
science basis and is expected to release its circumstances inter alia India’s geography,
full report and Summary for Policymakers in imperative of development needs, climate
September 2013. Working Group II on climate and economy; based on which India would be
change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability addressing and responding to the challenges
is expected to release its full report and of climate change.
Summary for Policymakers in March 2014.
India has submitted Second National
Working Group III on assessment for mitigation
Communication to the UNFCCC in 2012. The
of climate change will release its report and
first National communication (NATCOM) was
Summary for Policymakers in April 2014. The
submitted in 2004. The second NATCOM
Synthesis Report comprising of key findings
provides information of the emissions of Green
emerging from the three Working Groups of
House Gas (GHG) for the years 2000 and 2007;
5th Assessment Report and will be published
information of impacts and vulnerability of
by IPCC in October 2014.
key sectors such as Water, Agriculture, Natural
The IPCC has also published two special Ecosystems and Biodiversity, Infrastructure etc.
reports namely, “Special Report on Managing NATCOM II was released by the Minister for
the risk of extreme events and disasters to Environment and Forests on May 10, 2012 at a
advance climate change adaptation (SREX)”and National Workshop held in New Delhi.
“Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources
India’s domestic strategy for addressing
and Climate Change Mitigation (SRREN)”.
climate change is reflected in many of its social
Summary for Policy makers is available in the
and economic development programmes.
IPCC official website (http://www.ipcc.ch/).
The National Action Plan on Climate Change
Climate change and India’s actions (NAPCC) coordinated by the Ministry of
Environment & Forests is being implemented
In pursuance of the obligations cast on
through the Nodal Ministries in specific sectors/
parties to the United Nations Framework
areas. Eight national missions in the area of
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),
solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency,
India has undertaken to communicate
sustainable agriculture, sustainable habitat,
information about the implementation of
water, Himalayan eco-system, increasing
the Convention, taking into account the
the forest cover and strategic knowledge for
common but differentiated responsibilities
climate change form the core of National
and respective capabilities and their specific
350
Action Plan. All national missions

have been approved by the Prime
Minister’s Council on Climate
Change and are at different stages
of implementation. Under advice
of the Central Government, State
Governments are also preparing
State Action Plans on Climate
Change that are aimed at creating
institutional capacities and
implementing sectoral activities to Fig-58. Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Hon’ble Minister of State
address climate change. (I/C) releasing NATCOM-II at New Delhi
13
The government has a domestic mitigation and studies in the area of climate change,
goal of reducing emissions intensity of Gross and supporting domestic actions to address
Domestic Product (GDP) by 20-25% by 2020 climate change through specific programmes
in comparison with 2005 level. The energy and actions at the national and state level.
intensity of India’s output has shown a declining The scheme comprises of eight activities, of
trend owing to improvements in energy which, three relate to scientific studies on
efficiency, autonomous technological changes climate change, two to institution and capacity
and economical use of energy. This domestic building and three others to domestic and
goal and the objectives of the National Action international actions.
Plan on Climate Change are proposed to be
The Ministry has already launched
achieved through a sustainable development
preparatory activities for India’s Third National
strategy under the twelfth five year plan
Communication (TNC) and Biennial Update
(12th FYP). Several thrust areas have been
Report (BUR), containing updates of earlier
identified in the 12th FYP for this purpose and
reported national GHG inventories, including a
a coordinated initiative to identify Nationally
national inventory report and information on
Appropriate Mitigation Actions and implement
mitigation actions, needs and support received.
them towards this end will be taken during the
The BURs are new reporting obligation under
Plan period.
the transparency arrangement of sharing
At the initiative of the Ministry, Planning information on implementation of the
Commission has recognized climate change Convention.
as a major area of environmental intervention.
Various other science initiatives are
‘Climate Change Action Programme (CCAP)’
planned by the Ministry as part of the Climate
- a new thematic/umbrella Scheme has been
Change Action Programme (CCAP). These
approved by the Planning Commission for
include National Carbonaceous Aerosols
implementation during the 12th Five year
Programme (NCAP), Long Term Ecological
Plan. The scheme aims at advancing scientific
Observatories (LTEO), and Coordinated Studies
research information and assessment of the
on Climate Change for North East region
phenomenon of climate change, building an
(CSCCNE). The NCAP is a major activity involving
institutional and analytical capacity for research
multi-institutional and multi-agency study
351
launched in 2011. In this initiative, Ministry of socio-economic aspects of climate change.

Environment and Forests will collaborate with Synthesis report of phase I of the programme
the Ministry of Earth Sciences, the Indian Space can be seen on website of Indo-UK research
Research Organization, the Ministry of Science programme (www.impactstoadaptation.org).
and Technology and other associated agencies
Preparation and implementation of State
to enhance the understanding of the role
Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCC) is
of Black Carbon in climatic change through
one of the major activities envisaged under
monitoring and assess the impacts of black
the CCAP. This has been allocated ` 100 crores
carbon through various modeling techniques.
by the Planning Commission during 2012-17.
The work programme envisages three Working
This will be a thrust area of action during the
Groups namely Long term Monitoring of
plan period. So far, 21 States namely Andaman
Aerosol (Working Group-I), Impact of Aerosol
and Nicobar, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal
on Himalayan Glaciers (Working Group-II) and
Pradesh, Assam, Delhi, Jammu & Kashmir,
Modeling of Black Carbon emissions inventory
Kerala, Karnataka, Lakshadweep, Madhya
India and assessment of its impacts (Working
Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram,
Group-III).
Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim,
Steps have also been taken to increase Tripura, Uttrakhand, and West Bengal have
capacity at the institutional level for conducting prepared document on State Action Plan on
research into climate change science and Climate Change (SAPCC). The National Steering
making necessary assessments. The Ministry Committee on Climate Change (NSCCC) in
has already set up a network, namely the Indian the Ministry has considered and endorsed
Network for Climate Change Assessment five SAPCCs of Arunachal Pradesh, Rajasthan,
(INCCA) comprising of 127 research institutions Madhya Pradesh, Sikkim and Tripura. Specific
tasked with undertaking research on the science programmes/activities/projects envisaged
of climate change and its impacts on different under the SAPCC will be financed under the
sectors of economy across various regions CCAP as per the guidelines prepared by the
of India. INCCCA has helped the Ministry put Ministry and on the basis of agreed criteria and
together its Green House Gas (GHG) Emissions principles. In addition, the State Government
Inventories and in carrying out other scientific may mobilise bilateral and multilateral support
assessments at more frequent intervals. for implementation of the activities as per the
priorities set under the SAPCC.
Programmes envisaged under INCCA
The Ministry has been implementing
The Ministry is implementing Phase-II of
several projects with the assistance
joint research programme on Climate Change
of bilateral and multilateral funding
from impacts to Adaptation supported by the
agencies such as Gesellschaft für
Department of Energy and Climate Change,
Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ),
Government of United Kingdom. The key areas
Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW), World
covered in the research are impact of climate
Bank, United States Agency for International
change on water and agriculture in river-
Development (USAID) and Asian Development
basin, development of high resolution climate
Bank (ADB). GIZ has been supporting the
change scenario, State level vulnerability and
Ministry under ASEM programme for a Clean
adaptation in Odisha and Madhya Pradesh and
352
Development Mechanism (CDM)

Cell and an adaptation project.
A new project for supporting
‘Nationally Appropriate Mitigation
Actions’ with GIZ support is being
considered. USAID has agreed
to support a REDD+ project for
sustainable forestry management
for an outlay of US $ 27 million
over five years. With the assistance
of this Ministry, the World Bank Fig-59. Programmes envisaged under INCCA
has sanctioned a US $ 400 million
13
project for climate change and sustainable voluntary Copenhagen pledges for mitigation
development in Himachal Pradesh. A project subject to transparency arrangements till 2020
with World Bank for ‘Partnership for Market and enhance their ambition, as necessary, for
Readiness’ is under active consideration. The stabilising the climate in accordance with the
Global Environment Facility (GEF) has also principles and provisions of the Convention.
approved a number of activities in relation to
Under the existing international regime,
climate change during the fifth cycle of funding
carbon markets have been established to
(2013-17). Some of the important activities
facilitate reduction of carbon/GHG emissions
that will be carried out with GEF support are in
at the global level through sale and purchase
the area of energy efficiency, renewal energy,
of carbon credits. The Indian Government and
national communication and the state action
industries have been very proactive in the
plans. Asian Development Bank is involved
international carbon market. India has a good
in the Bhutan initiative on climate change for
potential for CDM Projects. Today, India’s CDM
the four Himalayan countries, namely, India,
potential represents a significant component
Bhutan, Bangladesh and Nepal.
of the global CDM market. At the end of 2012,
International regime for climate change 961 out of total 5,195 projects registered
by the CDM Executive Board are from India,
Under the existing international regime
which is the second highest by any country
for addressing climate change, several rounds
in the world. The National CDM Authority
of intense negotiations have taken place to
(NCDMA) in the Ministry has accorded Host
advance implementation of the commitments
Country Approval to 2786 projects facilitating
of the parties and to enhance their actions
possible investment of more than ` 549,429
and ambition. In 2012, the Bali track of
crores. These projects are in the sectors of
negotiations came to an end and the new
energy efficiency, fuel switching, industrial
process of negotiations launched under the
processes, municipal solid waste, renewable
Durban Platform got underway. The Durban
energy and forestry which spread across the
Platform is aimed at securing consensus on the
country (covering all states in India). If all these
future arrangements applicable to all during
projects get registered by the CDM Executive
the post 2020 period. As part of this process,
Board, they have the potential to generate 720
the countries are expected to implement their
million Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) by
353
the year 2012. At a conservative price of US $ 5 terminal year of the fist commitment period
per CER, it corresponds to an overall inflow of of the Kyoto Protocol (2008-12). The Doha
approximately US $ 3.6 billion in the country by Conference took several decisions as part of
the year 2012 if all the projects get registered. a package, together known as ‘Doha Climate
As on date CERs issued to Indian projects is 155 Gateway’, which has not only helped launch the
million. second commitment period under the Kyoto
Protocol but also advanced implementation of
However, the carbon markets have
the United Nations Framework Convention on
become weak in the wake of low ambition
Climate Change (UNFCCC).
for emissions reductions expressed by
developed countries under the Kyoto Protocol. Key Doha Outcomes were:
The unilateral measures taken by some key
– The biggest achievement of Doha
parties to restrict the benefits of CDM to large
Conference is the adoption of amendments
developing countries like India and China
to the Kyoto Protocol making the second
has further reduced the confidence in the
commitment period (CP2) of emissions
ability of the international markets to help the
reduction by the Annex I countries parties
cause of climate change. The decision of the
to the Kyoto Protocol effective immediately
European Union to impose a unilateral levy on
beginning January 1, 2013. Although the
civil aviation emissions of aircrafts from other
emission reduction obligations undertaken
countries has led to international protests
by the Annex I parties are not as ambitious
and demands have been made to resolve
as required by science, it has been agreed
the matter in the International Civil Aviation
to implement the targets over an 8 years
Organisation in accordance with the principles
period (2013-2020), thus providing relative
of the UNFCCC. There are other areas where
degree of certainty to the carbon markets.
higher ambition is needed such as the climate
EU, the major KP Party will reduce its
change finance and flow of technologies. The
emissions by 20% by 2020 compared
Green Climate Fund set up at Cancun is yet to
to 1990. It has been agreed that the KP
see any major flow of funds from the developed
parties will revisit their targets in 2014
countries. While the Technology Mechanism
with a view to increasing their ambition.
envisaged under the Cancun Agreements
This decision, along-with provisional
has become functional, there is no significant
application of the amendments on an
progress on development and transfer of
‘opt-in’ basis has ensured that there will
technologies for large scale transformation
be no gap between the first commitment
in developing countries. In the coming years,
period under the KP ending on December
effective fulfillment of their commitments
31, 2012 and the second one commencing
by developed countries will be an important
on January 1, 2013. Decisions to restrict
signal for confidence in the evolving process
the carry-over of surplus assigned amount
to gain momentum.
units from the first commitment period
Doha Conference 2012 and access of Annex I Parties who do
not quantified emission reduction and
The recent UN Climate Change Conference
limitation commitments under the second
held in Doha from November 26 to December
commitment period to the flexibility
8, 2012 was significant as it was held in the
354
mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol will with the task of recommending suitable
have a salutary effect on the environmental arrangements for accountability of and
integrity. reporting on its functions by the Green
– As a part of a comprehensive decision on Climate Fund to the Conference of
agreed outcome pursuant to Bali Action Parties.
Plan, Doha reasserted the principles of – In a significant and positive advancement
Equity and Common But Differentiated in the work of the Durban Platform (DP)
Responsibilities, which have remained set up last year for devising the post-
subdued since Copenhagen. The 2020 arrangements, it has been agreed
Conference has explicitly recognized that that the work of the Durban Platform
the action of parties will be based on equity will be based on the principles of the
and CBDR including the need for equitable Convention. A Plan of Work has been
13
access to sustainable development. The agreed for 2013. The ADP will call for
decisions have also avoided quantitative parties’ submissions to be presented by
target for global emissions reduction or March 2013 on ‘vision’ of the post-2020
global peaking that could place a cap on arrangements as well as ‘ambition’ for
emissions of developing countries and raising the global efforts aimed at reducing
restrict their development space. emissions in the pre-2020 period. The
– The issues of Technology-related ADP will organize a series of workshops
Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and as part of its work next year with a view
the Unilateral Measures are firmly back to finalize a text for 2015 Agreement by
on the table. These outstanding or the end of 2014. As announced by the UN
unresolved issues under the Bali Action Secretary General, the decision recognizes
Plan (BAP) are now part of the planned or the possibility of holding a meeting of
continuing work of various bodies of the Heads of Governments and States in 2014
Convention. Based on the decisions, the to finalize the Agreement.
Technology Executive Committee (TEC) will At the Doha Conference, India took lead in
initiate exploration of the issues relating bringing the three issues of Equity, Technology-
to enabling environments and barriers, related IPRs and the Unilateral Measures firmly
including IPRs in its future work-plan. TEC back on the table. India also ensured that
has already identified IPRs as one of the agriculture, being a sensitive sector of our
key messages on which further work is economy, was prevented from being included
necessary in this area. Similarly, a decision in the mitigation work programme proposed
has been taken to facilitate discussion on to be launched at the global level.
the issue of Unilateral Measures under
Amongst the key concerns which the
the existing Forum on implementation of
Conference could not address are those relating
Response measures.
to financing commitments of developed
– The Work Programme on Long term countries and cooperative sectoral actions.
Finance launched last year at Durban There was no decision on scale or sources of
has been extended for another year. financing in the near term (2013-2015), mid-
The Standing Committee (on Finance) term (2015-2020) or long term (post 2020).
of the Convention has been entrusted The decision merely urges the developed
355
Fig-60. Smt. Jayanti Natarajan, Minister of State (I/C) for Environment and Forests with the Environment Ministers
of Basic Countries at the Press Conference after the conclusion of their meeting at New Delhi
country Parties to announce climate finance climate change. India organised the Xth BASIC
pledges when their financial circumstances Ministerial Meeting on Climate Change in New
permit and to further increase their efforts to Delhi during 13-14 February, 2012 to facilitate
provide resources of at least to the average exchange of views on outcomes of the Durban
annual level of the fast-start finance period Conference and evolution of common BASIC
for 2013-2015. The issue of ‘Loss & Damage’ position on key issues in climate change. Besides
caused by climate change that was pressed the BASIC countries comprising of Brazil, South
by the small island countries was almost Africa, India and China, representatives of
brushed aside until the last moment, when Swaziland, Singapore and Qatar were also
the pressure from developing countries forced invited to the meeting. During the year three
a decision to establish at the next Conference more meetings of the BASIC group were held
of Parties, institutional arrangements, such as in different locations in South Africa, Brazil and
an international mechanism to address loss China. India also participated in the meetings of
and damage associated with the impacts of the Major Economies Forum and the organized
climate change in developing countries that by the United States of America (USA) and the
are particularly vulnerable to the adverse Petersberg Dialogue initiated by Germany.
effects of climate change.
At the sub-regional level, India partnered
The year 2012 was also marked by with Bhutan, Nepal and Bangladesh for
several parallel international initiatives on cooperation to address adverse effects of
356
climate change through adaptation actions in and implementation of the Montreal

the four thematic areas of Food, Water, Energy Protocol on Substances that Deplete the
and Biodiversity. Ozone Layer to the Ministry.
Ozone Layer Protection – A detailed India Country Program for
phasing out of Ozone Depleting Substances
Introduction (ODSs) was prepared in 1993 according
– Ozone, a tri-atomic molecule of oxygen to the National Industrial Development
is formed from oxygen naturally in the Strategy, without undue burden to both
upper levels of the Earth’s atmosphere consumers and industry by accessing
by high-energy Ultraviolet (UV) radiation the Protocol’s Financial Mechanism
from the Sun. About 90 per cent of Ozone in accordance with the requirements
formed in this way lies between 10 and stipulated in the Montreal Protocol. The
13
50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, Country Program was updated in 2006.
called the Stratosphere. – The Ministry has set up the Ozone Cell
– The stratospheric Ozone Layer absorbs all as a National Ozone Unit to render
the harmful UV-B radiations emanating necessary services for effective and timely
from the Sun. It protects plant and animal implementation of the Protocol and its ODS
life from UV-B radiation. The UV-B radiation phase-out program in India. The Ministry
has the potential to cause skin cancer, eye has also established an Empowered
cataract, suppress body’s immune system, Steering Committee (ESC) Chaired by the
decrease crop yield etc., which led to the Secretary (E&F) which is supported by two
adoption of the Vienna Convention for the Standing Committees viz. Technology and
Protection of the Ozone Layer in 1985 and Finance Standing Committee (TFSC) and
the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Standing Committee on Monitoring. The ESC
Deplete the Ozone Layer in 1987. India is is overall responsible for implementation
a Party to the Vienna Convention for the of the Montreal Protocol provisions, review
Protection of the Ozone Layer and the of various policies and implementation
Montreal Protocol on Substances that options, project approval and monitoring.
Deplete the Ozone Layer and it’s all the
The Vienna Convention for the protection of
amendments. the Ozone Layer and its Montreal Protocol on
– India was mainly producing and substances that deplete the Ozone Layer
using nine of the 96 Ozone Depleting – The Vienna Convention for the Protection
Substances (ODSs) controlled under of the Ozone Layer and its Montreal
the Montreal Protocol. These are Protocol on Substances that Deplete the
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) viz. CFC-11, Ozone Layer are the specific and dedicated
CFC-12, CFC-113; Carbon Tetrachloride International Treaties for the protection
(CTC), Hydrochlorofluorocarbon-22 (HCFC- of the Earth’s Ozone Layer. Montreal
22), Halon-1211, Halon-1301, Methyl Protocol has been recognized as the most
Chloroform and Methyl Bromide. successful International Environmental
– The Government of India has entrusted the Treaty in history. It has received Universal
work relating to Ozone Layer protection Ratification from all the 197 Parties of the
357
World. In the 25 years of its operation, of methyl bromide has been allowed in
extraordinary international cooperation developing countries including India upto
under this agreement has led to phase- 1.1.2015 as per the Montreal Protocol
out of production and consumption of schedule. Since, Hydrochloroflurocarbons
several major ODSs such as Chloro fluoro (HCFCs) are used as interim substitute
Carbons (CFCs), Carbon Tetrachloride to replace CFCs, their production and
(CTC) and halons globally by 1st January, consumption are allowed upto 1.1.2030.
2010. This amounts to phase-out of 98% – The ODS rules are being further amended
of the Ozone Depletion weighted level of to align with the control measures of
the global production and consumption accelerated phase-out of next category
of all the chemicals controlled by the of ODSs, the HCFCs.
Montreal Protocol. It has not only protected
Fiscal Measures
the stratospheric ozone but it has also
immensely benefitted the climate system. – Customs and Excise duty exemption
As per experts estimates, the Montreal have been extended for Multilateral Fund
Protocol has reduced Green House Gas (MLF) assisted ODS phase-out projects
(GHG) emissions by 11 gigatonnes Carbon or expansion of capacity with non-ODS
Dioxide (CO2) equivalent per year through technology during the financial year 2012-
its ODS phase-out activities. 13.
Regulatory Measures Activities undertaken so far
– The Ozone Depleting Substances – India has taken a series of fiscal and
(Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 under regulatory measures to facilitate ODS
the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 has phase-out in the country. Among fiscal
been notified in the Gazette of India on measures taken, the Government has
19.7.2000. These Rules set the deadlines accorded customs and excise duty
for phasing out of various ODSs, besides exemptions on goods required for ODS
regulating production, consumption, phase-out projects and new investment
trade, import and export of ODSs and and expansion of established industries
the products containing ODSs. The ODS with non-ODS technologies.
Rules were amended in 2001, 2003, 2004, – The UN General Assembly on 23rd January,
2005 and 2007 to facilitate implementation 1995 adopted a resolution 49/114
of ODS phase-out by the enterprises in which proclaims 16th September as the
various sectors. International Day for the Preservation
– These Rules prohibit the production of the Ozone Layer, to commemorate
and consumption of CFCs, CTC and the signing of the Montreal Protocol on
Halons beyond 1.1.2010 except use of Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
pharmaceutical grade CFCs under Essential which was signed on 16th September,
Use Nominations (EUN) in manufacturing 1987.
of Metered Dose Inhalers (MDIs) for Asthma – Awareness activities at the national and
and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary state levels were organized to sensitize
Disease (COPD) patients. Further, the use the stakeholders to phase-out the ODS
358
in various sectors. The International Day – Project Management Unit (PMU) was set
for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer is up in 2002 to implement the CFC and CTC
being organized every year in the country National Phase-out Plans.
on 16th September, at national and state – The phase-out of HCFCs was accelerated
levels since 1995. by 10 years with certain reduction schedule
– “Montreal Protocol: India’s Success Story”, vide decision XIX/6 of the 19th MOP in
posters, stickers are brought out every year 2007.
on the occasion of International Day for – A Roadmap for phasing-out of HCFCs
the Preservation of the Ozone Layer giving was developed describing the long term
latest information on ODS phase-out in vision and action plan including the policy
the country and technologies adopted. instruments for phasing out of production
– A bi-monthly newsletter viz. ‘VATIS and consumption of HCFCs in India.
13
UPDATE-Ozone Layer Protection’ is being – An Action Plan for implementation of the
published giving latest information on the Roadmap for phasing out of HCFCs in
science of Ozone and technical options India has been developed indicating the
evolved and used in various sectors all responsibilities of agencies/organizations
over the globe. and timeline for its smooth and effective
– Participation in the Meetings of the implementation.
Executive Committee (Ex-Com), Open – An India-US Task Force was established to
Ended Working Group (OEWG), South enhance the understanding of stakeholders
Asia Network meeting and joint meeting on issues related to Hydrofluorocarbons
of Regional Ozone Networks, Multilateral (HFCs) under the Co-Chairmanship of Mr.
Environmental Agreement Regional J.M Mauskar, the then Special Secretary,
Enforcement Network Meeting (MEA-REN), MoEF and Mr. Daniel A. Reifsnyder, Deputy
Meeting of the Parties (MOP) and other Assistant Secretary, USA. The Members
Montreal Protocol related meetings. of the Task Force were drawn from
– Data on production, consumption, export, Government, industry associations and
import of ODSs is submitted to the Ozone scientific and technical institutions from
Secretariat by end of September every India as well as USA.
year. – The First Task Force report was prepared
– Organization of TFSC meetings for by India and US and it was circulated
recommending ODSs phase-out projects among the Members of the Task Force.
for submission to the Multilateral Fund Subsequently, a Meeting of the Task Force
(MLF) Secretariat and recommending was convened in New Delhi in June, 2011
projects for fiscal incentives. In the year where Members of the Task Force from
2012, three meetings of TFSC were held USA and India and other stakeholders
and 21 duty exemption certificate were participated in the Meeting.
issued. – The Task Force report was updated based
– No Objection certificates for 111 enterprises on the inputs received from the Members
were issued to DGFT for import and export and industry associations. A number of
of ODSs and ODS based equipments. Meetings of the two Government officials
359
were convened to seek clarifications – The HPMP Stage-I has been approved by
on various sections of the report. The the Ex-Com of the MLF in its 66th Meeting
finalization of the Task Force report is in held in April, 2012 for the period 2012-
progress. 2015 to reduce 341.77 Ozone Depleting
– The following workshops were conducted Potential (ODP) tonnes of HCFC from the
during this year : starting point of 1691.25 ODP tonnes with
a total funding of US $23,011,537 including
– Two workshops on Sustainability of
implementing agency support cost.
CFC Phase-out in India were organized
by the Ozone Cell, MoEF in association Achievements made
with United Nations Environment – India has met the following compliance
Program (UNEP) on 4th April, 2012 targets either on or ahead of the control
at Chennai and 10th April, 2012 at schedule of the Montreal Protocol:-
Guwahati.
– Phase-out of production and consumption
– Organized Stakeholders Consultative of virgin halons as early as 2002 being
Meeting on Proposed Amendment high ODP ODS, eight years prior to the
to Ozone Depleting Substances Montreal Protocol schedule.
(Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000
– Prohibition of use of CFCs and halons in
on 12th October, 2012.
manufacturing of new equipments as early
– Organized Interagency Meeting as 1.1.2003. This not only facilitated early
for finalization of modalities of phase-out of ODSs in the country, but
implementation of HPMP Stage-I on also reduced the inventory of ODS based
14.9.2012. equipments which resulted in reduction
– In addition to these, Workshops, of use of CFCs for servicing.
Seminars and consultative meetings – Phase-out of production and consumption
with the stakeholders were also of CFCs with effect from 1.8.2008, 17
organized on a regular basis for months prior to the Montreal Protocol
interaction with industry, Government schedule except use of Pharmaceutical
departments and organizations etc. grade CFCs in manufacturing of MDIs.
– The HCFC Phase-out Management Plan – Complete phase-out of production and
(HPMP), to comply with 2013 and 2015 consumption of CTC and halons with
targets, has been prepared in close effect from 1.1. 2010.
cooperation with the UNDP, the lead
– Successful implementation of the National
implementing agency, UNEP and GIZ
Strategy for transition to non-CFC MDIs
in consultation with the stakeholders,
and plan for phase-out of CFCs in the
industry, industry associations, line
manufacture of pharmaceutical MDIs in
M inistr ies and other concer ned
India.
Government Departments, large HCFC
consuming organizations including – India in consultation with the MDI
Defence, Indian Railways, Department of manufacturers withdrew the EUN for
Science and Technology etc. 2011 and also committed not to seek any
EUN for pharmaceutical grade CFCs in
360
future. This was one of the commendable – On this occasion, the publication “Montreal
achievements in the MDI sector. Protocol: India’s Success Story” was released
– HPMP Stage-I was approved at the 66th and distributed to the participants. In
Ex-Com of the MLF held in April, 2012 addition, poster, painting, model making,
with a total funding of US $23,011,537 slogan writing, quiz, skit competitions were
to meet 2013 and 2015 HCFC phase-out organized among school children. Prizes
targets. for the best 3 in each competition were
given.
– The Ex-Com of the MLF so far has approved
a total of 302 projects involving MLF – The 24th MOP to the Montreal Protocol on
funding of US $278,722,203 to the Indian Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
industry for phase-out of production and was held at the Geneva, Switzerland from
consumption of 58,980 ODP tonnes of the 12th to 16th November, 2012. India played a
13
ODSs in India. key role during the deliberations of various
issues, including proposed amendments
– Training, workshops were organized for
to the Montreal Protocol to bring phase-
service technicians on good servicing
down of HFCs under the ambit of the
practices and retrofitting of CFC based
Montreal Protocol, clean production of
refrigeration appliances to non-CFCs. More
HCFC-22 through by-product emission
than 10,000 technicians have been trained
control, differences between data reported
under the National CFC Consumption
on imports and data reported on exports,
Phase-out Plan (NCCoPP).
feedstock uses of ODS, proposal on funding
– The year 2012 marks 25th Anniversary of production facilities for HCFCs etc..
of the Montreal Protocol on Substances
– The Ozone Secretariat appreciated India’s
that Deplete the Ozone Layer. The
contributions to the accomplishments of
Ozone Cell, MoEF celebrated the 18th
the 24th MOP. The Executive Secretary of
International Day for the Preservation
the Ozone Secretariat on behalf of the
of the Ozone Layer on 13th September,
Parties of the Montreal Protocol conveyed
2012. The theme for the 18th International
the appreciation for the hard work and
Day for the Preservation of the Ozone
skillful Chairmanship as the Co-Chair
Layer for year 2012 was: “Protecting
of the contact group on differences
our atmosphere for generations to
between imports and exports, nurtured
come” emphasizing the extraordinary
the productive discussions leading to the
collaboration and environmental benefits
significant decisions being adopted.
achieved by the world’s Governments
through the operation of the Montreal – India has been elected as a Member of the
Protocol. On this occasion an Exhibition Ex-Com of the MLF for the implementation
of non-ODS technologies developed and of the Montreal Protocol for the year
marketed by various industries in the 2013.
country was organized. Around 600 school Awards & Appreciations received so far
children, policy makers, technocrats and – The Montreal Protocol, Ozone Secretariat
Government officials participated in the awarded a certificate of recognition to Dr.
function. A. Duraisamy, Director, Ozone Cell, MoEF
361
in appreciation of extra ordinary efforts – Certificate of Appreciation / Recognition

and leadership in phasing-out of CFCs in was awarded to the Ozone Cell of India
MDI Manufacturing sector. by The Ozone Secretariat for the Vienna
– The 22nd MOP of the Montreal protocol held Convention and the Montreal Protocol,
from 8th to 12th November 2010 at Bangkok, UNEP on 16th September, 2012 on the
Thailand congratulated Ozone Cell of India occasion of the 25th Anniversary of the
for its outstanding achievements for not Montreal Protocol for its vital role in
seeking any CFCs for manufacturing of protecting the ozone layer for generations
MDIs under the EUN provisions of the to come.
Montreal Protocol for the year 2011 and – Certificate of Appreciation / Recognition
beyond. conferred to Dr. A. Duraisamy, Director,
– A Certificate of Recognition was conferred Ozone Cell by The Ozone Secretariat for
to the Ozone Cell of India for compliance the Vienna Convention and the Montreal
with 2010 obligations to the phase out Protocol, UNEP on 16th September, 2012
of Annexure-A, Group-I, Group-II and on the occasion of the 25th Anniversary of
Annexure-B, Group-I, Group-II Substances the Montreal Protocol for his vital role in
in October, 2011 by the Ozone Secretariat protecting the ozone layer for generations
for the Vienna Convention and the Montreal to come.
Protocol.
362
14
363
Introduction Progress/Achievements during the year

The Ministry of Environment and Forests United Nations Environment Programme
is the nodal Ministry in the Government (UNEP)
of India for all Multilateral Environmental
– Established in 1972, the United Nations
Agreements. These include UN Framework
Environment Programme (UNEP) aims at
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),
encouraging partnership in caring for the
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), Basel
environment by inspiring, informing and
Convention on Trans-boundary Movement
enabling nations and peoples to improve
of Hazardous Substances, Vienna Convention
their quality of life without compromising
for the Protection of the Ozone Layer,
that of future generation.
Montreal Protocol on Substances that deplete
Ozone Layer, UN Convention to Combat – Based in Nairobi, Kenya, the UNEP ensures
Desertification (UNCCD), Kyoto Protocol, that emerging environmental problems
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic of wide international significance are
Pollutants, Rotterdam Convention, Ramsar prioritized and receive appropriate
Convention etc. and adequate consideration by the
Governments. UNEP has six priority areas
International Co-operation (IC) Division
viz: (i) climate change (ii) ecosystem
within the Ministry coordinates all issues related
management (iii) disasters and conflicts (iv)
to international environmental cooperation.
resource efficiency (v) harmful substances
The IC Division is the nodal Division for United
and hazardous waste and (vi) environment
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP),
governance.
United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), the World Bank, United Nations – The Governing Council (GC) / Global
Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Ministerial Environment Forum (GMEF)
Global Environment Facility (GEF) and regional of the UNEP is a highlevel environment
bodies like Economic & Social Commission for policy forum, which brings the world’s
Asia & Pacific (ESCAP), South Asian Association environment ministers together to
for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), South deliberate upon important and emerging
Asia Cooperative Environment Programme policy issues on environment. The Council/
(SACEP), Association of South-East Asian Forum meets annually in Nairobi, Kenya
Nations (ASEAN), Asian Development Bank in general sessions and outside Kenya in
(ADB), European Union (EU), India-Brazil-South special sessions in alternate years.
Africa (IBSA) Summit on Environment, etc. – The UNEP GC / GMEF had organized its
The Division also handles bilateral country 12th Special Session in Nairobi, Kenya
to country co-operation in the areas of from 20-22 February, 2012. The Ministerial
environment protection. consultation had flagged multifarious
The Division supports annual contributions environmental issues under overall
to various UN and other international bodies, themes of “The environmental agenda
like Environment Fund of UNEP, Convention in the changing world: from Stockholm
on Biological Diversity (CBD), UNFCCC, (1972) to Rio (2012)”, further focusing the
UNCCD, SAARC, SACEP, Integrated Mountain discussions on the lines of three broad
Development (ICIMOD), etc. themes, namely
364
(i) The Global Environment Outlook and be diluted in a bid to define a new
emerging issues: setting effective global framework of actions. Further, the
environmental goals; framework of actions needed to be
(ii) The green economy; and anchored in the principles of equity and
common but differentiated responsibilities,
(iii) The Institutional Framework for Sustainable
the principle of right to development, the
Development including the concluding
principle of the sovereign right of States
discussion on “Rio+20 and beyond:
over their natural resources and principle
responding to the challenges”
of Multilateralism.
– The Indian Delegation to the 12th Special
– The proceedings of the 12th Special
Session of the GC / GMEF was led by
Session of GC/GMEF may be seen at UNEP
Additional Secretary from the Ministry
website at http://www.unep.org/gc/gcss-
and included Joint Secretary in charge of
14
xii/docs/Proceedings/ K1280542%20-%20
IC Division, Director (Chemicals/Hazardous
e-GCSS-XII-14.pdf.
waste Division), Director (Sustainable
Development Division) alongwith the – The 27th Session of the GC / GMEF
representatives of Ministry of External of the UNEP will be held in Nairobi,
Affairs and High Commission of India, Kenya from 18-22 February, 2013 on
Nairobi. the theme “Rio+20: From Outcome to
Implementation”. India will participate in
– The Indian Delegation had contended
this session.
that the foremost priority at this stage, as
we approached Rio+20, was to evaluate – Government of India provides contribution
all that had happened, and much that to the UNEP Environment Fund annually
had not happened, in the last 20 years, at the rate of US $ 100,000. Contributions
and what remained to be done (for upto the calendar year 2012 have been
environment protection). While doing paid to the UNEP Secretariat.
so, we needed to recognize that poverty UNEP’s International Resource Panel and
eradication continued to be the most Steering Committee
important challenge before the world and – In 2007, the UNEP constituted the
our overriding priority. Equity, poverty International Resource Panel (IRP) which is
eradication and balance between the three a scientific panel of 25 experts from leading
pillars of sustainable development were institutions around the world involved
required to remain at the very heart of with all aspects of resource use and
our efforts for environment protection and management. The IRP supports science-
management. It was also important that based policy making on use of natural
the unsustainable patterns of consumption resources and green economy strategies
and lifestyle of the developed world be by providing scientific assessments and
rationalized to release ecological space expert advice.
for equitable and sustainable growth of
– The panel is co-chaired by Prof. Ernst
the world.
Ulrich von Weizsacker, former Chairman
– It was stressed by India that the Rio of the Bundestag Environment Committee
Principles should, under no circumstances, (Germany) and Dr. Ashok Khosla, Founder
365
of the Development Alternatives, New viz., Biodiversity, climate change, land

Delhi, India and is supported by a Steering degradation, international water and
Committee having representatives of many chemicals. Since its inception in 1991,
governments, the European Commission the GEF has provided USD 10.5 billion as
and other intergovernmental and civil project grant in more than 165 countries
society organizations. India is a member while leveraging a co-financing of USD 51
of the Steering Committee and takes part billion. Till date, India has accessed about
in its meetings as and when required. USD 438 million of GEF grant of which USD
Global Environment Facility (GEF) 76.081 million was accessed during 2012-
13. These projects range from promoting
– The Global Environment Facility (GEF) energy efficiency and renewable energy
was set up in 1991. India is a founder in different industrial and commercial
member of GEF (www.gefweb.org), the sectors, mainstreaming biodiversity
largest multilateral funding mechanism concerns into major developmental
providing incremental project grant sectors, promoting sustainable land
to the developing countries on global and ecosystem management practices,
environmental issues with local benefits. demonstrating environment-friendly
182 governments are the members of the technologies of handling printed circuit
GEF. India is both a donor and recipient boards and health care waste and
of GEF grant. facilitating the preparation of India’s
– The Ministry of Environment and Forests national reporting to CBD, UNFCCC and
(MoEF) is the GEF Operational Focal Point UNCCD.
for India for coordination and operational
Small Grants Program (SGP) India
matters. Department of Economic Affairs
(DEA) in Ministry of Finance is the GEF – GEF Small Grants Program (SGP) provides
Political Focal Point for India dealing project grant upto USD 50,000 to NGOs
with policy and governance issues. The and local communities to address
GEF Empowered Committee chaired environmental and livelihood challenges.
by Secretary (E&F) guides, approves SGP is operational in 122 countries and
and overlooks GEF operations in the more than 12,000 grants have been
country. awarded worldwide. In India, the program
started in 1997 and Centre for Environment
– India chairs and represents the GEF
Education, Ahmedabad was selected as
South Asia Constituency (comprising of
the National Host Institution (NHI) by the
Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Maldives and
Ministry in 2000 for this program. United
Sri Lanka) in the GEF Council meetings
Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
twice a year. The 5th GEF South Asia
is the GEF Implementing Agency for SGP.
Constituency meeting was hosted by the
Till date, nearly 331 projects have been
Government of Maldives in Male focusing
awarded GEF grant worth USD 7.1 million
on GEF 5 operational and programming
which has also facilitated USD 8.9 million
issues.
of co-financing. Under, GEF Operational
– GEF provides funding for projects related Programme 5, SGP has received a GEF
to five areas related to environment grant of USD 5 million.
366
– This Ministry was operationalizing the Member States could be accelerated. The
GoI-UNDP-GEF project: Scaling up of SAARC has eight countries as its members,
Small Grant Programme (SGP) through viz., Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan,
the Centre for Environment Education, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri
Ahmedabad. This project was initiated Lanka.
in 2007 for a period of 2 years and – With a view to provide directives and
subsequently extended upto December, mandate for regional co-operation
2012 with the total external aid of USD under the SAARC, the SAARC Secretariat
700,000. Under this project, 14 small grant organizes meeting of the Heads of State
programmes were taken up for replication
or Government once a year or more
and were successfully completed by
often as and when considered necessary
December, 2012. These projects aimed
by the Member States known as SAARC
at permanent livelihood up gradation by
14
Summit.
supporting income generation activities
for community people especially tribal South Asia Cooperative Environment
population. The replication of these projects Programme (SACEP)
created food security and livelihood – The South Asia Cooperative Environment
generation, conservation of forest eco- Programme (SACEP) was set up in 1982
system, reduction in biotic pressure on with headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
the forests due to livelihood opportunities, It aims to promote regional Co-operation
augmentation and reclamation of water in South Asia in the field of environment,
resources, adaptation of improved land use both natural and human, in the context of
practices, conservation of agro-biodiversity, sustainable development and on issues of
sustainable agricultural practices among economic and social development which
tribal women, and awareness about also impinge on the environment and
environment pollution. With these projects, vice versa. It supports conservation and
7450 households in nearly 54 villages of management of natural resources of the
Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, region by working closely with all national,
Karnataka, Rajasthan, and Jharkhand were regional, and international institutions,
benefited. governmental and nongovernmental, as
– SGP grant applications can be submitted well as experts and groups engaged in such
year round. co-operation and conservation efforts.
South Asian Association for Regional – India is a member of the SACEP and the
Cooperation (SAARC) Secretary, Ministry of Environment and
– The South Asian Association for Regional Forests is the SACEP Focal Point for India.
Cooperation (SAARC), which is an The SACEP holds its Governing Council
intergovernmental body, was established (GC) meetings, which concentrate on
in 1985 with the aim to provide a platform current regional issues as well as global
for the peoples of South Asia to work concerns.
together in a spirit of friendship, trust – This Ministry provides Government of
and understanding so that the process India’s annual contribution to the SACEP
of economic and social development in @US$ 31,850 per annum.
367
The World Bank in collaboration and mutual assistance on

– International Cooperation Division is nodal the matters of common interest amongst
division for the overall World Bank portfolio member states etc.
in environmental projects. It coordinates – India is associated with the ASEAN for
the initial tying up of activities including a long time and had become a sectoral
crucial negotiations before the projects dialogue partner of ASEAN in 1992. At
are actually started by the concerned the 7th India-ASEAN Summit in October,
thematic divisions. 2009, India had announced a contribution
of US$ 50 million to the India-ASEAN Co-
ASEAN-India Environment Ministers’
Meeting: operation Fund to support India-ASEAN
projects across a range of different sectors.
– The Association of South East Asian Nations India had also set up a US$ 5 million
(ASEAN), established in 1967 in Bangkok, is India-ASEAN Green Fund for pilot projects
a geo-political and economic organization to promote adaptation and mitigation
of ten countries located in Southeast technologies in the field of climate change
Asia (Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, and biodiversity.
Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar,
– This Ministry hosted the ASEAN-India
Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet
Environment Ministers’ Meeting on
Nam). The aims of ASEAN are accelerating
September 7, 2012 in New Delhi, which
economic growth, social progress and
was co-chaired by Mrs. Jayanthi Natarajan,
cultural development among its members,
Minister of State (Independent Charge) for
promotion of regional peace and stability
Fig-61. ASEAN - India environment ministers meeting 7th September 2012 new delhi
368
Environment and Forests,

Government of India and
Mr. Pehin Orang Kaya
Indera Pahlawan Dato Seri
Setia Awang Haji Suyoi
Bin Haji Osman, Minister
of Development, Brunei
Darussalam and Chair of
the ASEAN. This meeting
was preceded by the
Senior Officers’ Meeting
of ASEAN and India on
14
September 6, 2012.
– Both sides discussed
various aspects of
biodiversity governance Fig-62. 3rd Meeting of Indo-French Joint Working Group on
Environment at New Delhi on 01.02.2013
in the context of the
Eleventh Conference of Parties (CoP-11) appropriate ASEAN Environment Ministers’
to the Convention on Biological Diversity Meetings.
(CBD) which was subsequently hosted by Bilateral Cooperation
India in Hyderabad from October 1 to
October 19, 2012. Ministry of Environment and Forests has
entered into bilateral cooperation agreements
– The Meeting unanimously adopted
with a number of countries such as the USA, UK,
the ‘New Delhi ASEAN-India Ministerial
Canada, China, Geramany, Denmark, Sweden,
Statement on Biodiversity’ whereby both
Norway, Finland, Bangladesh, Egypt, etc. Most
sides agreed to enhance awareness
of these agreements are operated though
among all stakeholders, strive towards
the Joint Working Groups. These agreements
mainstreaming biodiversity concerns
provide a mechanism for international
into development processes, enhancing
interactions and consultation in the field of
priority in terms of resource allocation and
environment.
mobilization for biodiversity conservation,
and to create networks for sharing best The main activities undertaken during the
practices in conservation and resource year
enhancement in marine and its related Organisation of Conference of Parties to the
ecosystems. Convention on Biological Diversity
– Both sides also agreed to work together for – The 11th meeting of the CoP–XI to the
conservation and management of flagship CBD and 6th meeting of the Conference of
species and enhancing conservation Parties serving as Meeting of Parties (CoP/
management and sustainable utilization MoP – 6) of Cartagena Protocol on Bio-safety
of Coastal and Marine Biodiversity. Both was hosted for the first time in India, at
sides also agreed to meet and exchange Hyderabad from October 1-19, 2012.
views on issues of common interest at
369
Special Secretary (MoEF) anf Mr. Timo

Makela, Director for International Affairs,
Directorate General Environment, European
(European Commission). The deliberations/
presentations were held on following
topics :-
- Illegal Logging and Biodiversity
Fig-63. Prime Minister of India inaugurating the High Level
segment of the CoP 11 to CBD at Hyderabad on 16th October, 2012 - Sustainable Tourism and Biodiversity
- Biodiversity: Lifestyles or Livelihoods
– The Conference was attended by
- EU-India Co-operations on Sustainable
approximately 15000 participants from
Forestry and Biodiversity.
193 member countries. The High Level
Segment, which was inaugurated by the Bilateral meetings at CoP XI to Convention
Hon’ble Prime Minister, was attended on Biological Diversity
by Ministers from several countries, top – On the sidelines of CoP XI to CBD held
representation from the United Nations, at Hyderabad during 1-19 October,
bilateral, multilateral agencies, private 2012, Bilateral Meeting with Ministers/
sector, financial institutions, academia, Heads of Delegations of Brazil, Mexico,
civil society organizations and other Malaysia, South Africa, Kenya, Norway,
stakeholders. An international exhibition Philippines, Bolivia, Australia, Germany,
was also organized on the sidelines to Japan, European Union, France, United
provide an opportunity for Governments Kingdom, Somalia, New Zealand and Ivory
and non governmental organizations to Coast were held. Apart from discussing
show-case their initiatives for biodiversity issues pertaining to ongoing CoP XI,
conservation. A number of side events matters concerning common interests
were also organized at the Conference. in the field of Environment were also
– The preparation and planning for hosting discussed during the meetings.
this prestigious event was undertaken Activities Scheduled
about a year and a half in advance. The
– The bilateral Joint Working Group Meetings
successful organisation of the Conference
on Environment with European Union (EU),
is being lauded by the international
India Brazil South Africa (IBSA), France,
community for its flawless logistics and
Germany, Sweden & Norway are proposed
time-bound precision.
in the year 2013-14.
6th Meeting of the India-EU Environment
– Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
Forum
between India and Brazil on cooperation in
– The 6th Meeting of the India-EU the field of Environment is also proposed
Environment Forum was held on 21st to be signed in the year 2013-14.
November, 2012 at New Delhi. The
Externally Aided Projects (EAPs) / North-
theme of the meeting was ‘Sustainable
East Cell
Forestry and Biodiversity’. The meeting
was co-chaired by Shri M. F. Farooqui, The Externally Aided Projects (EAP)
Division deals with the appraisals, approvals
370
and monitoring of Forestry Projects being by AFD. The total outlay of all these projects is
implemented in the States with assistance `7474 Crores. JICA projects are implemented
from external donors. These projects are in the States of West Bengal, Rajasthan, Tamil
implemented in the States with assistance Nadu, Sikkim, U.P, Gujarat, Tripura, Himachal
from external funding agencies viz. Japan Pradesh, Odisha, Karnataka and Haryana.
International Cooperation Agency (JICA), French Development Agency (AFD) project
French Development Agency (AFD), World has started in Assam. Details of projects under
Bank (WB), etc. implementation, their components, project
The projects help for promoting cost, project period and project objectives etc.
afforestation, biodiversity conservation, are given in the Table-69.
rehabilitation of degraded forest areas, water
Projects under consideration for external
and soil conservation measures, farm forestry, assistance
14
agro forestry, community development and
institutional capacity development with the The following forestry projects have been
aim to increase forest and tree cover as well included for consideration under the Rolling
as to augment availability of fuel wood and Plan for external funding during 2012-13.
fodder, improve livelihood opportunities and – Integrated Forest Resources Management
quality of life of the villagers adjoining forests, Project in Jammu & Kashmir
strengthening Joint Forest Management (JFM)
– Nagaland Afforestation and Eco-
institutions to ensure people’s participation,
development project
besides encouraging tree growing on private
land as well as greening of the urban areas Projects under appraisal/ clearance stage
in accordance to the objectives envisaged in for external assistance
various projects under implementation. These The following projects are proposed
projects also help in livelihood activities through to be forwarded to external agencies for
convergence with other line departments and consideration in 2012-13:
other govt. schemes with a view to augment
the income of the people, help in better living – Simultaneous Treatment of Fringe
conditions and employment generation as well Forest and Adjoining Non- forestlands
as addressing the sustainability in perpetuity for Conservation of Water, Bio-diversity,
once the funding ceases to flow due to Sustainability of JFM and Poverty Alleviation
completion of the project. (Central Sector Project), National Rainfed
Area Authority (NRAA).
At present, there are 14 EAPs under
– Non Timber Forests Produce – Livelihood
implementation. Out of these, thirteen are State
Sector Forestry Projects being implemented in Possibilities in Uttarakhand.
States and one is a Central Sector project titled – “PALAS- Project for Advancement of
“Capacity Development for Forest Management Livelihood and Forestry for ecological
and Training of Personnel” being implemented security” in the State of Jharkhand.
in 11 States. 12 State Sector Projects and the – Andhra Pradesh Forest Productivity
Central Sector Project are being funded by JICA Enhancement Project.
and one State Sector Project is being funded
371
Table-69. Details of of Ongoing Externally Aided Projects
S. Name of the Implementing Cost Funding Project Objectives Components Project
No. Project Agency/ State ( ` in Agency Period
Crores)
1. West Bengal West Bengal 406 JICA To improve forest ecosystem and (I) Afforestation 2011-12
Forestry and conserve biodiversity by undertaking (II) Biodiversity Conservation to
Biodiversity afforestation, regeneration and wildlife 2019-20
(III) Community Development
Conservation management activities through
Project Joint Forest Management approach, (IV) Institutional Capacity
including institutional capacity Development
development, thereby contributing
to environmental conservation
and harmonized socio-economic
development of West Bengal
2. Rajasthan Rajasthan 1152 JICA To enhance forest area and livelihood (i) Afforestation 2011-12
Forestry and opportunities of the forest dependent to
372
(ii) Agro Forestry
Biodiversity people and to conserve biodiversity 2018-19
(iii) Water conservation
Project by undertaking afforestation and
Structures
(Phase-II) biodiversity conservation measures
through JFM approach, thereby (iv) Biodiversity Conservation
contributing to environmental (v) Community Mobilization

conservation and socio-economic (vi) Poverty Alleviation and
development of Rajasthan. Livelihood Improvement
(vii) Capacity Building,
Training & Research
(viii) Monitoring and
Evaluation
(ix) Consulting Services
Crores)
3. Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu 686 JICA To strengthen biodiversity (i) Biodiversity Conservation 2011-12
Biodiversity conservation by improving ecosystem to
(ii) Increasing the Natural
Conservation and the management capacity as well 2018-19
Resources base
and Greening as undertaking tree planting outside
Project the recorded forest areas, thereby (iii) Institutional Capacity
contributing to environmental Development
conservation and harmonized socio-
(iv) Consulting Services
economic development of Tamil
Nadu
4. Sikkim Sikkim 330 JICA To strengthen biodiversity (i) Forest and biodiversity 2010-11
Biodiversity conservation activities and forest conservation to
Conservation management capacity, and improve 2019-20
(ii) Eco –tourism
and Forest livelihood for local people who are
373
Management dependent on forests by promoting (iii) Joint Forests Management
Project sustainable biodiversity conservation,
(iv) Supporting Activities
afforestation and income generation
activities including eco-tourism (v) Consulting Services

for the community development,
thereby contributing environment
conservation and harmonized socio-
economic development of Sikkim.
14
Crores)
5. Capacity Central Sector 225 JICA To improve training environment (i) To improve training 2008-09
Development Project for frontline staff through the environment for frontline staff to
for Forest rehabilitation of States Forest through the rehabilitation of 2013-14
Management Training Institutes and through States (5 years
and Training of capacity building of frontline forestry (ii) Forests Training Institutes and 3
Personnel staff putting emphasis on Joint and through capacity months)
Forest Management (JFM), thereby building of frontline forestry
strengthening human resource staff putting emphasis on
development for sustainable forest Joint Forests Management
management (JFM), thereby strengthening
human resource
Development for sustainable
forest Management.
374
6. Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh 575 JICA To restore degraded forests, to (i) Plantations, regeneration of 2008-09
Participatory augment forest resources and to forests, etc. to
Forest improve livelihood and empower 2015-16
(ii) Institutional Strengthening
Management the local people who are dependent
of PMU/DMUs/FMUs
and Poverty on forest by promoting sustainable

Alleviation forests management including (iii) Rehabilitation of Forest
Project JFM plantation and community Training Institute at Lucknow.
development, thereby improving
(iv) Communication and
environment and alleviating poverty
Publication.
(v) Monitoring and Evaluation.
(vi) Physical Contingency
(vii) Consulting Services

Crores)
7. Gujarat Gujarat 830 JICA To restore degraded forests and (i) Preparatory works 2007-08
Forestry improve the livelihoods for and (ii) Departmental Forest to
Development empower the local people who are Development and 2014-15
Project – Phase dependent on forests by promoting Management
II sustainable forest management
(iii) JFM Forest Development
including JFM plantation and
and Management
community/ tribal development,
thereby improving environment and (iv) Social Forestry
alleviating poverty. Development and
Management
(v) Forest Research
(vi) Communication and
Publication
375
(vii) Wildlife Conservation and
Management
(viii) Monitoring and
Evaluation
(ix) Phase-out works
(x) Consulting Services
(including price and physical
cont.
14
Crores)
9. Swan River Himachal 162 JICA To regenerate the forests, protect (i) Afforestation 2006-07
Integrated Pradesh the agricultural land, and enhance (ii) Civil Work for Soil & River to
Watershed agricultural and forestry production Management 2013-14
Management in the catchment area of the Swan
(iii) Soil Protection & Land
Project River, Himachal Pradesh State, by
Reclamation
carrying out the integrated watershed
management activities including (iv) Livelihood Improvement
afforestation, civil works for soil and (v) Institutional Development
river management, soil protection
and land reclamation, and livelihood
improvement activities, thereby
improving living conditions of people
including the poor in the catchment
area.
376
10. Odisha Odisha 660 JICA To restore degraded forests and (i) Protection and 2006-07
Forestry Sector improve the income level of villagers Conservation of Biodiversity to
Development by promoting sustainable forest of forests 2012-13
Project management including JFM plantation
(ii) Improving productivity of
and Community/tribal development,
natural forests.
thereby improving environment and
alleviating poverty. (iii) Providing livelihood
options for the people
(Support to VSS)
(iv) Eco-development and
ecotourism activities
(v) Catering to commercial
and industrial demands.
(vi) Capacity building of the
Forest Department.
Crores)
11. Karnataka Karnataka 745 JICA To restore forest to bring about (i) Afforestation 2005-06
Sustainable ecological restoration and also to to
(ii) Income Generation
Forests facilitate livelihood improvement of 2012-13
Activities for Poverty
Management the inhabitants of the project villages
Alleviation
& Bio-diversity by afforestation through Joint Forest
Conservation Planning and Management (JFPM) in (iii) Biodiversity Conservation
Project. the State of Karnataka, which further
(iv) Provision of Basic
contributes to reducing poverty and
Infrastructure Support for
preserving biodiversity conservation
Field work.
of the area.
(v) Supporting Activities
for Forest Management
(Research and Training,
Consultancy, and
377
Enhancement of Geographic
Information System (GIS) and
Management Information
System (MIS)
12 Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu 567 JICA To restore forests to bring about (i) Integrated Watershed 2005-06
Afforestation ecological restoration and also to Development to
project phase-II facilitate livelihood improvement of (ii) Integrated Tribal 2012-13
the inhabitants of the project villages Development
by afforestation through Joint Forest
(iii) Forestry Extension
Management in the State of Tamil
Nadu, which further contributes to (iv) Urban Forestry
reducing poverty in the area. (v) Capacity Building Research
Support
(vi) Human Resources
Development
(vii) Establishment of Modern
Nurseries
14
Crores)
(viii) Improving the
infrastructural facilities
(ix) Administration
(x) Monitoring and Evaluation
13. Integrated Haryana 286 JICA A. To rehabilitate forest lands in an (i) Soil and Water 2004-05
Natural ecologically sustainable manner. Conservation to
Resources (ii) Plantation model and 2010-11
Management
B. To improve the quality of life of the nursery development
and Poverty
villagers and adjoining forests (iii) Poverty reduction and
Reduction
institution building
Project in
Haryana (iv) Technical assistance
378
(v) Supporting activities
(vi) Administration Staff.
14. Assam Project Assam 390 AFD (I) restoring forest ecosystem, (i) Institutional Strengthening 2012-13
on Forest and in collaboration with the forest to
(ii) Multi-level Strategic
Bio-diversity dependent communities. 2016-17
Planning
Conservation.
(II) enhancing the forest dependent
(iii) Sustainable forest
communities’ livelihood, and
Management
(III) ensuring conservation and
(iv) Adding value and opening
sustainable use of biodiversity. In
markets/ opportunities for
order to achieve this, the project is
forests and biodiversity goods
organized around four main technical
and services.
components and one component for
project management.
15
379
Personnel Administration
Staff Position
The details regarding various categories of posts in the Ministry of Environment and Forests is
given in Table-70.
Table-70. Number of employees in various groups and with reservation positions
Group of Sanctioned Number in Scheduled Scheduled OBCs Physically
Post Strength Position Caste Tribes
A 191 175 19 7 8 2
B 285 214 25 5 10 4
C 392 262 87 14 14 0
Total 868 651 131 26 32 6
The Ministry has outsourced some clerical/ Indian Forest Service (IFS) Cadre
office support jobs to tide over the shortage of Management
the staff during the year.
Mandate
Following the re-organization of the
– The Indian Forest Service (IFS) Cadre
scientific Departments/Ministries during 1986
Management Division is enjoined upon
and the consequent upon de-linking of the
to handle the business of the Ministry as
Group ‘A’ scientific posts form the purview of
the Cadre Controlling Authority for the
the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)
Indian Forest Service (one of the three All
and introduction of Flexible Complementing
India Service).
Scheme (FCS), P.III Section was specifically
conceived and created in the Ministry to – The total authorized cadre strength of the
function as a separate, distinct, centralized Indian Forest Service as on 1st January,
and confidential unit for the purpose for 2013 is 3109 (three thousand one hundred
recruitment (through Direct Recruitment/ nine) which includes 2167 Direct Recruits
Deputation) as well as promotion under FCS and 942 Promotion posts. The Total Senior
(Flexible Complementing Scheme) in the Group Duty Posts (SDP) in the Indian Forest
‘A’ Scientific posts of the Ministry (proper), Service are 1906 and remaining under
its Regional Offices and all the Attached/ various reserves. Besides serving the 31
Subordinate Offices having such posts. Forest Departments in the States and
Union Territories managing the country’s
Promotion
natural resources, a good number of the
Two Research Officers (Grade-I) were IFS officers are in various Ministries and
promoted to the post of Scientist ‘B’ in the institutions both in the State and at the
Ministry (Proper). Central Deputation. Main Activities of the
Extension of services of Scientists beyond IFS Cadre Management are:
superannuation – Determination of vacancies and framing of
Two Scientists of this Ministry were granted rules for Direct Recruitment and allocation
extension of services beyond superannuation. of cadres to IFS probationers.
380
– Determination of vacancies for induction and Regulations concerning IFS, Annual

of State Forest Service Officers by Confidential Report (ACR) availability
promotion into Indian Forest Service, status of IFS officers are also hosted on
coordination of Selection Committee this site for the benefit of the members
Meeting, Determination of Year of of the Service. Each and every member
Allotments Seniority. of Service has been provided facility to
have his unique Email account through
– Cadre Review of revision in the composition
NIC on this site and members of Service
and strength of IFS in various cadres.
have been provided facility to update data
– Selection/ appointment of IFS officers relating to their posting details online for
to various posts under Central Staffing periodical upgradation.
Scheme of the Ministry and to various
– Seventy one Direct Recruit Officers on
autonomous bodies including Indian
15
the basis of IFS Examination, 2010 were
Council of Forestry Research & Education, included into the Service in different State
Dehradun; Indian Institute of Forest Cadre.
Management, Bhopal and Wildlife Institute
– Seventy eight IFS Probationers of 2011
of India, Dehradun
Examination undergoing Mandatory
– Facilitation of Selection/Appointment of training at IGNFA, Dehradun.
IFS officers against the Central Staffing
– Thirty four State Forest Service officers were
Scheme of Department of Personnel &
included into the Indian Forest Service
Training (DoPT).
under IFS (Appointment by Promotion)
– Finalization of various service matters Regulations, during the year 2011.
like inter-cadre transfers, inter-cadre – About 36 IFS officers joined at various
deputations, cadre clearance for levels under the Central Staffing Scheme
placements/trainings and post retirement of the Ministry and about 20 IFS officers
benefits to the officers. joined under the Central Staffing Scheme
– Management of AGMUT cadre including of the Department of Personnel & Training.
promotions, transfers, postings and other - Meeting of the Cadre Review Committee
service matters. were held to review the strength and
composition of four cadres, namely
Progress/Achievements during the year
Jharkhand, West Bengal, Himachal Pradesh
– The IFS Cadre Management Division of the and Karnataka.
Ministry deals with the broad items of work – Around 80 Court Cases pending in
relating to the Indian Forest Service. various Courts across the Country were
– Direct Recruitment to the Indian Forest liquidated.
Service. – Around 450 Court Cases relating to the
– Allocation of IFS Probationers to various issues of Indian Forest Service are pending
State cadres. in various Tribunals/Courts all over the
– Up-to-date Civil List of IFS officers is Country.
available on the website of this Ministry – For the first time, online system for filling
at www.ifs.nic.in besides, vacancy circulars, up of the deputational posts under CSS
training programme circulars, Rules was introduced.
381
– A Committee under the Chairmanship of Commission (UPSC), Central Bureau of

Shri J.C. Kala, Director General of Forests Investigation (CBI) and Department of
(retired) was established to map Annual Personnel & Training (DOPT) as per rules/
Recruitment Plan for Indian Forest Service procedure laid down on the matter.
for the next 20 years. The report of the
During the year 2012-13, 5 disciplinary
Committee was received and follow up
proceedings cases, 10 appeal cases and 6
action on the same in consultation with the
prosecution cases were dealt with in the
various stake holders has been initiated.
Vigilance Division. Court cases were pursued
Vigilance in the respective court/Central Administrative
The Vigilance Division is responsible for Tribunal (CAT) Bench and counter replies were
all vigilance/disciplinary matters relating to filed in about eight cases. 28 complaints were
the Indian Forest Service officers, its attached received of which 5 were finally disposed of after
and subordinate offices including autonomous obtaining and considering the investigation
organizations/Public Sector Undertakings reports. 65 numbers of applications/appeals
(PSUs) and IFS officers posted in the State were received under RTI Act and replies sent
Governments. It functions under the direct in all the matters. The progress on the disposal
control of Joint Secretary & Chiev Vigilance of DP, Appeal, Prosecution, Court cases and RTI
Officer (CVO) with overall supervision by cases as well as complaints is reviewed by Joint
Secretary, Environment & Forests. Secretary & CVO, from time to time.
The Vigilance Division is responsible for About 2330 Annual Property Returns for
examination and processing of disciplinary the year 2011 (as on 01.01.2012) were received
cases, appeals, reviews and memorials of from Group ‘A’ & ‘B’ officers of the Ministry as
Indian Forest Service Officers of all States/ well as autonomous/subordinate/statutory
Union Territories, investigation of complaints, organisations under it. Whereas the APRs of
obtaining and maintenance of Annual Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and Central
Immovable Property Returns (APRs) placing Secretariat Service (CSS) officers were sent to
the APRs in public domain i.e. on the website DOPT, the APRs of IFS officers were placed in
of the Ministry. public domain on the website of the Ministry.
This Ministry in consultation with NIC has
Cases filed in Supreme Court, High Courts, developed software in order to enable IFS
different Benches of Central Administrative officers to file their APR on-line.
Tribunal and other Courts relating to the
disciplinary matters are also dealt with by Detailed action plan for mitigation of
Vigilance Division. The prosecution cases potential areas of corruption relating to forest
launched against IFS Officers by various States/ clearance and environmental clearances has
Union Territories and also other Officers/Staff been prepared in consultation with concerned
of the Ministry are also dealt with in Vigilance Divisions and it has been uploaded on the
Division. Ministry’s website.
The Division requires frequent Vigilance Awareness Week was observed

consultation with the Central Vigilance in the Ministry during the period from 29th
Commission (CVC), Union Public Service October to 3rd November, 2012 and a pledge was
382
administered by the Special Secretary (E&F) to

300
the officers & staff to bring about integrity and 242
250
transparency in all spheres of activities and to 221
188
206
No. of Questions
200
work unstintingly for eradication of corruption 150 127 135
in all spheres of life. 100
Parliament 50 21
8 18
0
Introduction Budget Monsoon Winter
Sessions
Starred Unstarred Total
The Parliament Division in the Ministry is

responsible for co-ordination of all parliament Fig-64. Number of questions replied by the Ministry in all
sessions of Lok Sabha during 2012-2013
matters related to the Ministry. During the year
2012-13, a total number of 965 Parliament Budget Monsoon Winter Grand
15
Questions pertaining to various aspects of Total
environment were answered by the Ministry Starred 17 15 18 50
(583 questions in the Lok Sabha, out of which 166 82 84 332
47 were starred and 536 were un-starred. Total 183 97 102 382
A total of 382 questions were asked in the
200 183
Rajya Sabha, out of which 50 were starred 180 166
and 332 were un-starred). The questions 160

140
No. of Questions
covered a wide range of issues with which 120

97 102
100
the Ministry is concerned, prominent among 80
82 84
them being questions related to Pollution, 60

40
Forest Conservation, Wildlife Management, 20
17 15 18
EIA, Freshwater and Marine Conservation, 0

Budget Monsoon Winter
Environmental Conservation, Environmental Sessions

Starred Unstarred Total
Education, NGOs and Media, Climate Change
and Meteorology, Energy Studies & Health and Fig-65. Number of questions replied by the Ministry in all
sessions of Rajya Sabha during 2012-13
Sanitation etc.
Every Question/Answer is classified under
The ENVIS Centre at WWF-India, under various sub heads of environment as per the
ENVIS scheme of the Ministry compiles the subject list available with the ENVIS Centre,
above mentioned Parliament Questions as WWF-India. This year subject-wise classified
replied by MoEF and other Ministries pertaining questions in Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
to various environmental issues. Graphical sums up at 1075 and 615 respectively. After
representation of the Parliament Questions classification, the total no. of questions in both
replied by the Ministry during 2012-13 both in Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha rises in comparison
Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha in various Sessions to the unclassified data, because of the fact
are given in Fig-64 and Fig-65. that a single question can be attributed to
more than one subject sub-head. Statistical
Budget Monsoon Winter Grand
representation depicting the subject-wise
Total
coverage of total no. of questions asked in
Starred 21 8 18 47
both the houses of Parliament (Lok Sabha and
221 127 188 536 Rajya Sabha) during the year 2012-13 is given
Total 242 135 206 583 in Table-71 and Table-72.
383
Table-71. Subject-wise depiction of questions replied by the Ministry in

Lok Sabha during 2012-2013
Subjects Budget Monsoon Winter Grand Total
Agriculture 7 7 12 26
Alternative Technologies 0 4 1 5
Biosafety 2 2 3 7
Climate Change and Meteorology 26 7 13 46
Disaster Management 6 3 5 14
Energy Studies 3 3 6 12
Environment and Forest Trade 18 6 9 33
Environmental Conservation 35 14 38 87
Environmental Education, NGOs and Media 37 13 11 61
EIA 61 20 30 111
Forest Conservation 78 37 43 158
Freshwater and Marine Conservation 50 24 34 108
Health and Sanitation 17 5 8 30
Medicinal Plants 1 2 1 4
Pollution 96 39 68 203
Water Management 14 5 9 28
Wildlife Management 63 40 39 142
Total 514 231 330 1075
Table-72. Subject-wise depiction of questions replied by the Ministry in

Rajya Sabha during 2012-2013
Subjects Budget Monsoon Winter Grand Total
Agriculture 14 1 3 18
Alternative Technologies 4 0 1 5
Biosafety 7 0 2 9
Climate Change and Meteorology 15 7 5 27
Disaster Management 3 1 1 5
Energy Studies 36 2 2 40
Environment and Forest Trade 14 7 0 21
Environmental Conservation 13 12 11 36
Environmental Education, NGOs and Media 14 8 11 33
EIA 16 10 11 37
Forest Conservation 55 44 10 109
Freshwater and Marine Conservation 26 13 17 56
Health and Sanitation 11 4 3 18
Medicinal Plants 0 0 1 1
Pollution 46 29 25 100
Water Management 10 2 4 16
Wildlife Management 38 28 18 84
Total 322 168 125 615
384
The centre is currently working on the and (b) provide an objective and fair basis to
compendium of Environment in the Indian evaluate department’s overall performance at
Parliament: An Analysis 2012 in collaboration the end of the year.
with Parliament Section, MoEF. The preparation
The RFD seeks to address three basic
of the Trends & Analysis of the above-mentioned
questions: (a) What are department’s main
Parliamentary questions replied by the Ministry
objectives for the year (b) What actions are
of Environment & Forests and other Ministries
proposed to achieve these objectives (c) How
related to Environment is available with the
would someone know at the end of the year
ENVIS Centre at WWF-India. Online accessibility
the degree of progress made in implementing
is also there with the Centre’s website: http://
these actions i.e., what are the relevant success
www.wwfenvis.nic.in.
indicators and their targets.
During the year 2012-13, the Consultative
Vision, Mission, Objectives and Functions
15
Committee of Members of Parliament attached
of the Ministry as per RFD
to the Ministry held one meeting related to
Tigers and Tiger Conservation. The meetings of Vision:
the Department related Parliamentary Standing Conservation of environment and natural
Committee of Science and Technology, resources for the present and future generations
Environment and Forests of the Members in a manner consistent with the aspirations of
of the Parliament were held four times and the country for growth and development.
deliberated over the demand for grants of
2012-13 and other issues. Three meetings were Mission:
also held with the Committee on Government To plan, promote, coordinate and oversee
Assurances on pending Assurances of the the implementation of environmental and
Ministry. forestry programmes in order to protect the
environment and maintain a balance between
Results-Framework Document (RFD),
2011-12 conservation and development activities
Introduction Objectives:
The Prime Minister approved the outline – Increase the forest and tree cover to 33%
of a “Performance Monitoring and Evaluation of the geographical area of the country
System (PMES) for Government Departments” (Afforestation and regeneration of degraded
vide PMO I.D. No.1331721/PMO/2009-Pol dated Forests)
11.09.2009. Under PMES, each department – Conservation of the existing forests, wildlife
is required to prepare a Results-Framework and water resources and survey of various
Document (RFD). areas for identification of new species
(Protection of Forests, Conservation
A RFD provides a summary of the most
of rivers, Biodiversity Conservation,
important results that a department/Ministry
Conservation of Wetlands, Wildlife
expects to achieve during the financial year.
Conservation, Conservation of resources in
This document has two main purposes: (a)
the eco-sensitive zone, Capacity building,
move the focus of the department from
training and research in classical and
process-orientation to results-orientation,
molecular taxonomy)
385
– Control of Pollution (Air, Water, Noise and – Monitoring of implementation of central

Industrial pollution) sector and centrally sponsored schemes
(Better ambient water quality, Management funded by the Ministry.
of hazardous substances and Better Performance Evaluation Report of RFD,
Environmental governance) 2011-12
Functions: The Performance Evaluation Report of RFD
The major functions of the Ministry of the Ministry for 2011-12 is at Annexure-X.
include: The Ministry achieved a composite score of
82.86 for the year 2011-12 which implies that
– Formulation of national policies on most of the targets were largely achieved in
management of environment, forests and 2011-12.
wildlife;
Information Technology and e-Governance
– Implementation of provisions of related
legislations on forests, environment and The Government has recognized
wildlife, control of pollution of air and Information Technology (IT) as a major tool
water, etc.; and for speedy implementation and monitoring
– Survey and exploration of natural resources of various schemes and decisions in public
particularly of forests, flora, fauna, interest. Accordingly, Ministry has embarked
ecosystems, etc. on a comprehensive exercise to implement
various e-Governance activities / projects with
– Bio-diversity conservation including that
the objective of transforming the functioning
of lakes and wetlands;
of the Ministry, and also to transform the way
– Conservation, development, management the Ministry serves its various stakeholders.
and abatement of pollution of rivers which
includes National River Conservation Progress/Achievements made during 2012-
Directorate; 13
– Environmental research and development, – The IT infrastructure of the Ministry

education, training, information and and Zoological Survey of India was
awareness; strengthened.
– Regulation of diversion of forest land for – Unicode based bilingual software has
non forestry purposes; been installed at Botanical Survey of
India and Zoological Survey of India for
– Environmental Impact Assessment;
bilingualisation of all computer systems.
– Wildlife conservation, preservation,
– Strengthened IT infrastructure for
protection planning, research, education,
implementation of e-payment system
training and awareness;
at Pay and Accounts Office (PAO) in the
– Afforestation and eco-development; Ministry.
– Prevention of cruelty to animals; – Developed a software module for updation,
– Administration and Management of dissemination and online submission of
subordinate and autonomous institutions Annual Property Returns (APR) of Indian
of the Ministry; and Forest Service (IFS) Officers.
386
– Enhanced the IT Infrastructure of Indian of State of Environment and Forests and

Institute of Forest Management (IIFM), senior officers of this Ministry. This includes
Bhopal for implementation of ERP working out the itinerary, booking of
Solutions. passage, baggage handling, customs/
– Digitised and updated Annual Property immigration/ security checks both at the
Returns (APR) of Indian Forest Service (IFS) time of Departure/Arrival of VIPs as well as
Officers on the website of the Ministry for Security Passes for Airport and Reserved/
the year 2011-12. Ceremonial Lounge for MEF.
RTI Cell – To receive and see off foreign delegations

VIPs who visits Paryavaran Bhavan to meet
– The Ministry received 1,789 applications Minister/Minister of State/ Secretary.
and 156 appeals under RTI Act, 2005 during
the year 2012-13 (upto 26th February, 2013) – To handle issue/ revalidation of Diplomatic/
15
as per RTI-MIS software. Official Passports and getting note verbal
and arranging visas from Embassies.
– Central Public Information Officers (CPIOs)
and Appellate Authority (AAs) have been – To arrange passes for Independence Day/
designated for effective implementation of Republic Day for Under Secretary (US) and
RTI Act, 2005. The notification designating above officers of this Ministry,
CPIOs/AAs is revised periodically as and – To arrange Domestic/ International
when there is change in allocation of work ticketing of Minister/ Secretary (E&F)/ Spl.
among CPIOs/AAs. All the subordinate Secretary/DGF and various officers of the
offices/Institutions/Autonomous bodies Ministry and payment of Bills thereof.
have been requested to periodicallyrevise
– Handling of work relating to Receptions
the Notification for CPIOs/AAs.
at Rashtrapati Bhawan for VIPs upto Addl.
– A training programme for training of Secretary levels.
CPIOs in RTI MIS System was organized
– Examining /Passing of canteen bills on
in September 2012, in collaboration with
hospitality of US & above officers, India
DoP&T and NIC.
Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC),
– Directions from the Central Information Ashoka at IGI Airport, Parliament House
Commission (CIC) and DoPT, relevant to
(N.Rly Catering), Tea Board/Coffee Board
this Ministry are being circulated to the
and VIP Guests of Hon’ble Minister/Minister
CPIO/AAs for better understanding and
of State/ Secretary.
implementation of RTI Act.
– Protocol division provided 806 Air tickets
– Periodical reports being sent regularly
for domestic & International Sectors and
to DoPT and Central Information
arranged visas & visa notes for around 150
Commission.
of different countries during the period.
Protocol Section
General Administration
The Protocol Section deals with following
The General Administration (GA)
activities:
Division of the Ministry is entrusted with the
– Providing comprehensive protocol responsibility of procurement of stationery,
arrangement for the Minister/Minister stores, equipments and providing logistics and
387
support services to the officials of the Ministry The particulars of the Public Grievance
including transport, communication, general Officer of this Ministry are as under:
upkeep etc. One of the major initiatives/
Shri Anil Sant
activities of the Division during the year 2012-
Joint Secretary (PG)
2013 is the construction of Ministry’s own office
R.No. 417(4th Floor),
building at Aliganj, Jorbagh Road, New Delhi
Paryavaran Bhawan,
through CPWD which is nearing completion.
C.G.O. Complex, Lodhi Road,
The GA Division is working in tandem with
New Delhi-110003
Central Public Works Department (CPWD) and
various other agencies involved in the project The PG Cell receives grievance in two
to complete the building by the middle of 2013. modes namely through cpgrams portal of
The building is being constructed to conform Department of Administrative Reform and
to the stringent green building parameters of Public Grievances (DARPG) and directly by post.
Five Star GRIHA Rating of Ministry of New and The grievances received online through portal
Renewable Energy and LEED Platinum Rating are directly sent online to the various sections/
of Indian Green Building Council. The building divisions for disposal and the grievances
also incorporates various innovative systems received through post are sent to ‘the various
like : sections/ divisions of this Ministry for redressal
through OAK.
– Geothermal heat exchange for water
cooling towers The staff of various Divisions/Sections
– Chilled beam system for HVAC who are dealing with Public Grievances,
have been trained by holding one-day video
– High efficiency terrace mounted solar
conferencing at Paryavaran Bhavan with the
panels to meet its total energy demand
assistance of DARPG officials to dispose off
– Automated car parking to optimise space the complaints online through Centralized
utilisation Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring
– Low energy EM technology for bio Mechanism (CPGRAMS). To run the Centralized
digestion of organic waste Public Grievances portal the IDs have been
– Regenerative lifts provided to the concerned Sections/Divisions
in the Ministry for quick disposal of grievances/
– Solar passive design to minimise indoor
monitoring and issuing reminders on-line. On
heat ingress and maximise natural light
many a times the concerned dealing hands
Public Grievance Cell of the divisions/sections concerned of this
A Public Grievance Cell has been Ministry have been deputed for training from
functioning in the Ministry to attend to the time to time organized by DARPG to get to
complaints of public regarding forestry, know the operationalisation of cpgrams.
environmental matters etc. Shri Anil Sant, Joint
The general public can meet the Public
Secretary (PG) has been nominated as Public
Grievance Officer every Wednesday from 10.00
Grievance Officer of the Ministry. Further,
AM to 1.00 PM. The main function of the Cell is
Under Secretary P.III has been given charge of
to ensure timely redressal of public grievances
Assistant Public Grievance Officer.
by taking up the matter with the concerned
388
authorities such as District Magistrates, Languages Rules, the Annual Programme and
Municipal Corporations, Pollution Control orders issued from time to time.
Boards, State Governments, etc. Most of the
All documents coming under the purview
complaints related to:
of Sec. 3(3) of the O.L. Act were issued in Hindi
– Unauthorised industries located in and English bilingual form. The letters received
residential areas discharging harmful gases in Hindi and representations/appeals signed in
and hazardous effluents in the immediate Hindi were replied to in Hindi ensuring 100%
neighborhood: compliance of Rule 5 and Rule 7 (2) of the O.L.
– Environmental degradation due to Rules.
mismanagement of civic amenities like Hindi Salahkar Samiti
location of waste dump, water logging
etc. Actions were taken on the decisions
15
taken in the meeting of Hindi Salahkar Samiti
– Poor maintenance of open areas and parks;
organised under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble
and
Minister of State (Independent Charge).
– Commercial establishments operating
illegally in the residential buildings causing Progress of Activities undertaken
nuisanceto people living in the immediate O fficial L anguage I mplementation
vicinity. Committee
– Non-settlement of payment of salary dues Under the Chairmanship of Joint
and retirement dues, benefits like pension Secretary (OL), the meetings of Official
etc. to staff. Language Implementation Committee were
– During the year, eighty four grievances organised in every quarter, wherein position
were received from the general public of implementation of Official Language Policy
and staff. in the Divisions/Sections of the Ministry was
reviewed.
As on date, there are a total of 2103
public grievances out of which 1084 have Hindi Workshop
been disposed off and 1014 grievances remain
Hindi Workshop was organised for the
pending. The disposal rate is 52%. Efforts are
Officers and Staff in every quarter to enable
being made by the PG cell to raise the disposal
them to carry out their day to day transaction
rate to about 70-75% in the year 2013-14
in Hindi.
by issuing the concerned divisions/sections
periodical reminders. Incentive Schemes
Implementation of Official Language Incentive schemes were implemented in
Policy the Ministry to encourage and motivate the
employees to increase the use of Hindi.
Introduction
Sustained efforts were made to ensure Inspections
proper compliance of the Official Language High Powered Committee of Parliament
Policy of the Union enshrined in the Constitution on Official Language inspected our Attached/
of India, the Official Languages Act, the Official Subordinate Offices namely Forests Research
389
Fig-66. A view of Leh Ladakh
Institute, Dehradun and Zoological Survey of Civil Construction Unit (CCU)

India, Jodhpur. In addition to these inspections, Civil Construction Unit (CCU), headed by
six Attached/Subordinate Offices were also Chief Engineer (Civil), was set up in the Ministry
inspected by Joint Secretary/Officer(s) of of Environment & Forests in August 1987 for
Official Language Division with a view to taking up important works of the Ministry on
review the position of implementing Official priority basis, in pursuance of the Government
Language Policy of the Union. of India decision that major scientific
Hindi Fortnight departments with a substantial annual civil
works budget should have a Civil Construction
Hindi Fortnight was organised from 14th
Unit. The technical posts of CCU are manned
to 28th September, 2012 during which various
by officers drawn from Central Public Works
Hindi competitions aimed at increasing
Department (CPWD).
progressive use of Official Language Hindi
were organised. Employees of the Ministry, The works being taken up by CCU consist
NAEB, NRCD and CCU participated in these of construction of office-cum- laboratory
competitions. buildings, herbariums, national museums
of natural history, staff quarters and other
390
Table-73. Budget allocation and progress of expenditure during 2012-13

(` in lakhs)
(Name of the Object Head) B.E. Re-appropriation Expenditure Expenditure Total Percentage
2012-13 2012-13 upto during the expenditure of Column
previous month from up to No. 3
month 01/11/2012 30/11/2012
to
30/11/2012
A. CAPITAL OUTLAY ON FORESTRY & WILDLIFE
MAJOR HEAD “4406” (PLAN)
1. RO 50.00 50.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2. NZP 500.00 500.00 143.46 4.37 147.83 29.57
15
Total (A) Major Head “4406” 550.00 550.00 143.46 4.37 147.83 26.88
B. CAPITAL OUTLAY ON ECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT
MAJOR HEAD “5425” (PLAN)
1. BSI 150.00 150.00 1.01 0.13 1.14 0.76
2. BGIR 150.00 150.00 65.67 1.09 66.75 44.50
3. ZSI 200.00 200.00 143.85 15.88 159.73 79.87
4. NMNH 500.00 900.00 384.24 44.57 428.81 47.65
5. New MoEF Building at 3913.00 3513.00 1801.26 2.71 1803.97 51.35

Aliganj.
Total (B) Major Head “5425” 4913.00 4913.00 2396.03 64.38 2460.41 50.08
Total (A+B) Capital Plan 5463.00 5463.00 2539.49 68.75 2608.24 47.74
(C). (NON PLAN) CIVIL 441.60 441.60 313.96 37.50 351.45 79.59
ENGINEERING WING
building works relating to various units of & Development, Indian Institute of Forest
the Ministry of Environment & Forests viz. Management, Indian Plywood Industries
Botanical Survey of India, Zoological Survey Research and Training Institute, Institute
of India, National Museum of Natural History, of Wood Science and Technology, Central
State Forest Service Colleges, Indira Gandhi Zoo Authority are also executed by CCU.
National Forest Academy, Forest Survey of The CCU has three field divisions with sub-
India, National Zoological Park, New Delhi and divisions at Delhi, Dehradun, Almora, Sawai
Regional Offices of Ministry located in different Madhopur, Bangolore, Bhopal, Coimbatore
part of the Country. and Hyderabad for execution of various works.
Works in eastern, north- eastern and western
Besides above, construction of offices,
regions of the country have been entrusted
staff quarters and herbariums, etc. in respect
to CPWD. Thus over 70 % of the work of the
of autonomous institutes viz. Indian Council
Ministry and its autonomous bodies is being
of Forestry Research & Education (ICFRE).,
handled by CCU.
G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment
391
In order to avoid use of wood in the Similarly, solar energy is being used in
buildings constructed by CCU a number of selected areas. Solar water heating system for
alternatives have been adopted. For doors, heating water has also been introduced by
windows and cupboards mostly steel sections, CCU in the hostel buildings. To affect savings in
pressed steel frames, aluminium sections are energy, Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) are
being used depending on importance of the being used in place of conventional fluorescent
buildings. lights in houses and guest houses. Important
buildings are also being designed on solar
passive architecture.
392
16
393
Plan Coordination Division single scheme under the thematic scheme of

Pollution Abatement. Similarly, the schemes
Introduction
of National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP)
Plan Coordination Division is responsible and Wetlands have been merged into a single
for coordination of all Plan Schemes and scheme on “National Plan for Conservation
Programmes of the Ministry of Environment of Aquatic Eco-Systems” (NPCA) under the
& Forests, and works in close association with thematic scheme of “Conservation of Natural
Planning Commission and Ministry of Finance Resources & Eco Systems”. The Scheme of Taj
(Department of Economic Affairs’ Budget Protection has also been clubbed under this
Division and Department of Expenditure). thematic Scheme. Under the thematic Scheme
Its work involves preparation, monitoring of International Cooperation Activities, a new
and review of the Ministry’s Five Year Plans, sub-Scheme on Desertification Cell has been
Annual Plans and Annual Action Plans and the added. The Civil Construction Unit Scheme is
Outcome Budget of the Ministry. The Division a non-Plan Scheme and has been shown to
also looks after monitoring of progress reports account for Plan expenditure on construction of
and reports under the 20-Point Programme New Building of the Ministry (Indira Paryavaran
(Point XV item Nos. 52 & 53). Bhavan), which is likely to be completed by
June 2013.
Activities undertaken during year 2012-13
The progress of the programmatic New Initiatives in the Twelfth Plan
variegated Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) include:
and Central Sector (CS) Schemes is reviewed – Recasting the Scheme of Common Effluent
regularly in the Ministry and necessary Treatment Plant (CETPs)
corrective action is taken to ensure proper
– Enhancement of Sewage Treatment
and meaningful deployment of resources with
Capacity
a view to build up the capacities of the State
Governments in Environment and Forestry – National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic
and Wildlife sectors as well as implementing Eco Systems (NPCA)
agencies. – National Environmental Monitoring
Programme
During 2012-13, the Ministry has
rationalised eight CSS of the Eleventh Five – National Forestry Information System
Year Plan (2007-2012) to five in the Twelfth – Invasive Species Management
Five Year Plan (2012-17) by suitable merger/ – Coastal and Marine Conservation
clubbing, thereby reducing the total number – Valuation of Ecosystem Services and
of thematic/ umbrella schemes from 22 to 18, Biodiversity
comprising of five CSS and 13 CS Schemes,
– Environmental Performance Index
including one on Climate Change which has
been approved by the Planning Commission. – Rangeland and Silvi Pasture Development
The details are given in Table-74. Amongst sub- Scheme
Schemes, the Schemes of Industrial Pollution – S a t e l l i t e - b a s e d Fo re s t R e s o u rc e
Abatement through Preventive Strategies and Assessment
Clean Technologies have been merged into a – Green India Mission.
394
Table-74. Rationalization of Centrally Sponsored Schemes in the Twelfth Plan
Existing Composition of CSS XI Plan Restructured composition XII Plan

1. National River Conservation Plan 1. National River Conservation Plan
• National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) • NRCD
• National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) • NRCP
• National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) • NGRBA
2. Conservation of Natural 2. Conservation of Natural Resources and Eco-

Systems
16
Resources and Eco-Systems
• National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Eco-
• Conservation of Wetlands, Mangroves, Coral
Systems (incl. NLCP and Wetlands)
• NLCP
• Conservation of Mangroves, Coral
• Biosphere Reserves
• Biosphere Reserves
• Biodiversity Conservation and Rural Livelihood
• BCRLIP
Improvement Project (BCRLIP)
• Environmental Management in Heritage & Tourist
Centres incl. Taj Protection
3. Environmental Management in heritage & Clubbed with Scheme No. 2
Tourist Centres, incl. Taj Protection
4. National Afforestation Programme 3. Afforestation & Forest Management
• National Afforestation Programme
• Green India Mission
• Intensification of Forest Management Scheme
5. Intensification of Forest Management Scheme Clubbed with Scheme No. 3

6. Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats 4. Wildlife Management
• Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats
• Project Elephant
7. Project Elephant
8. Project Tiger 5. Project Tiger
Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-2012)
395
Ministry of Environment & Forests had Annual Plan 2009-10 had an approved outlay
an approved outlay of ` 10,000 crore for the of ` 1,880.00 crore, reduced at RE stage to `
Eleventh Five Year Plan, 2007-12. Within the 1,650.00 crore under economy instructions,
Five Year Plan, the approved outlays and against which the actual utilization amounted
expenditure incurred in each of the five Annual to ` 1,630.69 crore. Annual Plan 2010-11 had
Plans have been given sector-wise in Table-75. an approved outlay of ` 2,200.00 crore, against
As may be seen, Annual Plan 2007-08 had an which the actual utilization amounted to `
approved outlay of ` 1,351.00 crore against 2,181.58 crore. In the last year of the Eleventh
which the actual utilization amounted to ` Plan, the Annual Plan 2011-12 had an approved
1,349.73 crore. In 2008-09, it was allocated an outlay of ` 2,300.00 crore, against which the
outlay of ` 1,500.00 crore, against which the actual expenditure was ` 1825.44 crore.
actual utilization amounted to ` 1,483.02 crore.
Table-75. Sector-wise Summary of Eleventh Plan Outlays/ Actual Expenditure

(` crore)
Sector Environment NRCD# Forests & NAEB@ Animal Total
Period Wildlife Welfare
XI Plan Approved Outlay 1,246.01 2,540.00 2,943.99 3,150.00 120.00 10,000.00
2007-08
Outlay 259.16 340.00 371.61 359.23 21.00 1351.00
Expenditure 224.22 320.94 361.73 422.05 20.79 1349.73
2008-09
Outlay 261.38 340.00 475.00 398.62 25.00 1,500.00
Expenditure 240.42 326.12 520.87 370.71 24.90 1,483.02
2009-10
Outlay 291.42 577.33 599.63 386.62 25.00 1,880.00*
Expenditure 253.03 426.69 572.00 354.97 24.00 1,630.69
2010-11
Outlay 480.17 751.71 592.12 352.00 24.00 2,200.00
Expenditure 465.87 755.02 582.92 353.93 23.84 2,181.58
2011-12
Outlay 621.21 751.71 573.08 330.00 24.00 2,300.00
Expenditure 465.42 421.94 579.84 334.92 23.32 1,825.44
Total [2007-12]
Actual Outlay 1,913.34 2,760.75 2,611.44 1,826.47 119.00 9,231.00
Expenditure 1,648.72 2,250.71 2,617.36 1,836.58 116.85 8,470.46
#
Includes Schemes of National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) and National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Eco Systems (NPCA).
@
Includes Schemes of National Afforestation & Eco-Development Board (NAEB), National Afforestation Programme (NAP), and Green India
Mission (GIM).
* Under Finance Ministry’s economy instructions, RE 2009-10 was reduced to ` 1,650.00 crore.
396
Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-2017) afforestation and eco-restoration of 0.9

The Twelfth Plan Document, approved by m.ha. of ecologically sensitive areas.
the National Development Council (NDC) on – Technology-based monitoring of
27th December 2012, has the basic theme of forest cover, biodiversity and growing
“Faster, Sustainable, and more Inclusive Growth”, stock including change-monitoring on
and lays out major targets, key challenges to periodical basis through dedicated
meet them, and the broad strategy that may satellite by 2017 and establishment
be followed to achieve the stated objectives. of open web-based National Forestry
Ministry of Environment & Forests has been & Environmental Information system
allocated an outlay of ` 17,874 crore, which for research and public accessibility
works out to 0.41% of the Plan allocation across by 2015.
various Ministries/ Departments as against an – Engagement of Village Green Guards/
16
actual expenditure of ` 847 crore in the Eleventh Community Foresters for every Joint
Plan. At current prices, the enhancement in this Forest Management (JFM) village by
Ministry’s Twelfth Plan outlay over the Eleventh 2016.
Plan outlay, however, works out to 109%. – Establish forestry seed bank in forest
Twelfth Plan has identified 13 circles and Model Nursery in every
Monitorable Socio-Economic targets for this district with information on public
Ministry, which have been taken up for regular portal by 2014.
monitoring of progress made by the Ministry. – Wildlife, Ecotourism and Animal
These targets are as follows: Welfare
– Environment and Climate Change – Twenty per cent of veterinary
– Assess and remediate 12 identified professionals in the country will be
contaminated sites (hazardous trained in treating wildlife.
chemicals and wastes) with potential – Integrated Ecotourism District Plans
for ground water contamination by covering 10 per cent of all potential
2017. Protected Areas (PAs) by 2017.
– Clean 80 per cent of critically polluted – Promoting participation of private
stretches in rivers by 2017 and 100 per sector, civil societies, NGOs and
cent by 2020. philanthropists in animal welfare.
– States to meet National Ambient Air – Ecosystem and Biodiversity
Quality Standards (NAAQS) in urban – Restore 0.1 mha. of wetlands/ inland
areas by 2017. lakes/ water bodies by 2017.
– To reduce emission intensity of Gross – M a p p i n g a n d p re p arat i o n o f
Domestic Product (GDP) in line with the biodiversity management plans for
target of 20 to 25 per cent reduction deserts (both cold and arid), coastal
over 2005 levels by 2020. areas, important coral zones, wetlands,
– Forests and Livelihood mangroves and so on to be completed
– Greening 5 million ha under GIM by 2017.
including 1.5 m.ha. of degraded lands, Besides, 14 Goals have also been identified
397
in the Plan Document, which would receive of forest resources including

focus and special attention, inter alia, through ecotourism.
the Annual Plans of the Ministry. These 14 Goals – Revive seed orchards and silviculture
are set out below: plots for various forest types of the
– Environment country, as well as for enlisted species
under Minor Forest Produce (MFP)/
– Epidemiological studies to assess
Non Timber Forest Produce (NTFP),
improvement in health status due to
including genetic improvement, and
better management of environment
establishment, of clonal orchards.
and ecology.
– Wildlife, Ecotourism and Animal
– Promotion and adoption of cleaner
Welfare
technology, strengthening and
initiation of reforms in regulations, – Reducing and managing human–
policy making and enforcement wildlife conflict.
institutions for environmental – Commercialisation of permissible
governance. marine products rich in poly
– Move towards cumulative and strategic unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs),
Environmental Impact Assessment vitamins and so on.
(EIA). – Promotion of ecotourism and
– Ensure ecological flows in all rivers par ticipator y eco- development
by regulating abstractions so as suppor t livelihood of local
to allow conservation of riverine population.
ecosystems through developing a legal – Ecosystem and Biodiversity
framework and management strategy – Develop national targets and indicators
for conservation of river basins. related to biodiversity and support
– Promotion of recycling and reuse of actions to strengthen implementation
treated sewage in urban projects such of Biological Diversity Act, 2002
as sanitation, landscaping, central air and ensure bio-safety for economic
conditioning and so on. and social development of local
– Forests and Livelihood communities.
– Improve forest productivity, production – Assess coastal biodiversity resources,
and sustainable management of ensure sustainable management,
biodiversity (equity in access to benefit restoration of mangroves, coral
sharing with local people). reefs and wetlands and support
livelihood.
– Restore and intensify forest-rangelands/
grazing-land management and Annual Plan 2012-13 and Annual Plan
establish community grazing land 2013-14
around forest fringe villages. In the current financial year (2012-13),
– Build capacity of Village Forest the first year of the Twelfth Five Year Plan,
Committees/ Joint Forest Management the Ministry has been allocated an outlay of
Committees (JFMCs) for management ` 2,430.00 crore which has subsequently been
398
Table-76. Sector-wise Summary of Twelfth Plan Outlays/ Actual Expenditure

(as on 31st December 2012)
(` crore)
Sector Environment NRCD# Forests & NAEB@ Animal Total
Period Wildlife Welfare
XII Plan Approved Outlay 3,802.00 4,273.00 4,818.80 4,780.00 200.20 17,874.00
2012-13
Outlay (BE) 580.42 771.80 606.09 446.49 25.20 2,430.00
Outlay (RE) 466.76 434.30 618.25 255.49 25.20 1,800.00
Expenditure 307.18 354.21 506.60 139.11 24.35 1,331.45
16
2013-14
Outlay (BE) 614.37 619.80 719.14 451.49 25.20 2,430.00
reduced at RE stage to ` 1,800.00 crore. The Plans, notably the Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan
Annual Plan outlay of the Ministry for 2013-14, (SCSP), the Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) and the North
the second year of this Plan, is ` 2430.00 crore. Eastern Region (NER) Plan are also taken up in
The sectoral summary of the two Annual Plans consultation with the Planning Commission
is given in Table-76. and Ministry of Finance. All other references on
environmental planning and issues referred to
Other current important activities during
by Planning Commission to this Ministry were
2012-13
handled in the Plan Coordination Division.
Preparation of the Annual Plan 2013-14 and
Outcome Budget 2013-14 was also prepared The Division also took up furnishing of
in respect of all Demands/ Appropriations the Half-Yearly Progress Report on Point No.
controlled by the Ministry. This includes regular 15 [Paryavaran Sanrakshan evam Van Vridhi
monitoring of physical and financial progress (Environment Protection and Afforestation)]
of the Annual Outcome Budget for 2012-13 of Revised 20-Point Programme 2006 to M/o
against the targets set out therein. Statistics & Programme Implementation
as well as any matters referred to it by the
Matters relating to State Plans are also taken Parliamentary Standing Committee on Time
up. Issues with regard to Special Component and Cost Overruns of projects.
399
400
401
402
403
Annexure-II A
Regional Offices of the Ministry of Environment & Forests
S. Regional Office Phone and Fax Jurisdiction of the

No. Number Regional Offices
1. Shri K.S Reddy, IFS Ph. No. 080-25635901 Andhra Pradesh,

Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 080-25537184 Goa, Karnataka,
Conservator of Forest (Central), Kerala, Lakshadweep,
Ministry of Environment and Forests, Regional Puducherry and Tamil
Office (SZ), Kendriya Sadan, Nadu
IVth Floor, E&F Wings, 17th Main Road, 2nd
Block, Koramangala,
Bangalore-560034 (Karnataka)
Email: roszef@yahoo.co.in
2. Shri J.K. Tewari, IFS Ph. No. 0674-2301213 Andaman & Nicobar
Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0674-2302432 Islands, Bihar,
Conservator of Forest (Central), Jharkhand, Odisha and
Ministry of Environment and Forests, West Bengal
Regional Office (EZ), A/3, Chandersekharpur,
Bhubaneshwar-751023
Email: mef.or@nic.in
3. Shri Lakhwinder Singh, IFS Ph. No. 0755-2466525 Chhattisgarh, Dadra &
Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0755-2463102 Nagar Haveli, Daman
Conservator of Forest (Central), & Diu, Gujarat, ,
Ministry of Environment and Forests, Madhya Pradesh and
Regional Office (WZ), Maharashtra
E-5, Kendriya Paryavaran Bhawan,
Arera Colony, Link Road-3,
Ravishankar Nagar, Bhopal-462016
Email: rccfbhopal@gmail.com
4. Shri A.K. Goyal, IFS, Ph No. 0172-2638135 Chandigarh, Delhi

I/c Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0172-2638061 Haryana, Himachal
Conservator of Forest (Central), Pradesh, J&K and
Ministry of Environment and Forests, Punjab
Regional Office (NZ),
Bays No. 24-25, Sector 31 A,
Dakshin Marg, Chandigarh-160030
http://nromoef.gov.in
Email: nromoefchd@rediffmail.com
404
S. Regional Office Phone and Fax Jurisdiction of the

No. Number Regional Offices
5. Shri Azam Zaidi, IFS Ph. No. 0522-2326696 Rajasthan, Uttarakhand

Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0522-2324340 and Uttar Pradesh
Conservator of Forest (Central),
Ministry of Environment and Forests,
Regional Office (CZ),
Kendriya Bhawan, 5th Floor,
Sector “H”, Aliganj, Lucknow-226020
http://moefrolko.org
Email: m_env@rediffmail.com
6. Shri, Anil Kumar, IFS Ph. No. 0364-2537609 Arunachal Pradesh,

Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0364-2536041 Assam, Manipur,
Conservator of Forest (Central), Meghalaya, Mizoram,
Ministry of Environment and Forests, Nagaland, Sikkim and
Regional Office (NEZ), Tripura
Law-U-Sib, Lumbatngen,
Near MTC Workshop,
Shillong 793021
Email: moefshil_09@rediffmail.com
405
Annexure-II B
Regional Centres of National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board
S. Name & Address of Regional Centre State/UTs covered as per MOU

No.
1. Regional Centre for NAEB Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand

Agriculture Finance Corporation and UT of Delhi
Ltd. B-1/9, Community Centre,
Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058
2. Regional Centre for NAEB Maharashtra, Gujarat, Goa and UTs of Daman &
Agriculture Finance Corporation Ltd. Diu, Dadar & Nagar Haveli
Dhanraj Mahal, Ist Floor, CSM Marg,
Mumbai-400001
3. Regional Centre for NAEB Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya,

North Eastern Hill University, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura
Shillong – 793 014
4. Regional Centre for NAEB Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu
University of Agricultural Sciences, and UTs of Puducherry and Lakshadweep
GKVK Campus, Bengaluru-560065
5. Regional Centre for NAEB Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Orissa

Indian Institute of Forest Management,
Nehru Nagar, Post Box no. 357,
Bhopal-462003
6. Regional Centre for NAEB Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab and
Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of UT of Chandigarh
Horticulture and Forestry,
Nauni, Solan-173230
7. Regional Centre for NAEB Bihar, Jharkhand, Sikkim, West Bengal and UT of
Jadavpur University, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Kolkata-700032
406
Annexure-II C
Centres of Excellence/Autonomous/Associated Agencies etc.
of Ministry of Environment & Forests
S. No. Centres of Excellence Contact Details
1. Centre for Environment Education (CEE), Tel : 079-26858002-05, 26844745

Nehru Foundation for Development, Fax : 91-079-26858010
Thaltej Tekra, Ahmedabad – 380 054 email: cee@ceeindia.org
2. C.P.R Environmental Education Centre Tel : 044-24346526, 24338470
(CPREEC),1 A, Eldams Road, Fax : 91-44-24320756
Chennai – 600 018, Tamil Nadu email: cpreec@vsnl.com
3. Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Tel:080-23600985
Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Fax:080-23601428
Bengaluru – 560 012, Karnataka email: chairman@ces.iisc.ernet.in
4. Centre for Mining Environment (CME), Tel : 0326-2296624, 2202486
Indian School of Mines, Fax : 0326-2296563, 2296624
Dhanbad – 826 004, Jharkhand email:cme@ismdhanbad.ac.in
5. Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Tel: 0422-2657101-105, 2657086
Natural History (SACON), Anaikatty, Fax : 0422 2657088
Coimbatore – 641 108 email:centre@sacon.ernet.in
6. Centre for Environmental Management of Telefax: 011-27666237, 27667125
Degraded Ecosystems (CEMDE), email : crb26@hotmail.com
School of Environmental Studies,
University of Delhi, Delhi – 110 007
7. Madras School of Economics (MSE), Telefax: 044-22300304, 22354847
Gandhi Mandampam Road, Kottur, Fax. : 044-22352155
Chennai – 600 025, Tamil Nadu email: info@mse.ac.in, mse@envis.nic.in
8. Foundation for Revitalization of Tel.: 080-28568007, 28568000 Extn 205,
Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), Fax.: 080-28567926
74/2, Jarakbande Kaval, Yelahanka, email : dk.ved@frlht.org
Attur P.O., Bengaluru – 560106
9. Jawaharlal Nahru Tropical Botanic Garden Tel : 0472 - 2869246
and Research Institute (JNTBGRI), Fax : 0472-2869646
Pacha Palode, Thiruvananthapuram – 695562, email: director_tbgri@rediffmail.com
Kerala
10. Centre for Animals and Environment, Tel.: 080-25530121, 25530304
CARTMAN, Koramangala, 6th Block, email: cartmanblr@hotmail.com
Bengaluru – 560 095, Karnataka
Autonomous Agencies
a) Environment Wing
1. Central Pollution Control Board, Tel : (011) 22308902, 22301932
Parivesh Bhawan CBD-cum-Office Complex, Fax: (011) 22307233, 22304948
East Arjun Nagar, Delhi - 110 032 email: ccb.cpcb@nic.in
407
2. Gobind Ballabh Pant Institute of Himalayan Tel : 05962-241015

Environment and Development, Fax : 05962-241014
Kosi - Katarmal, Almora - 263 643, email: psdir@gbpihed.nic.in
Uttarakhand
b) Forest Wing
1. Indian Institute of Forest Tel : (0755) 2775716, 2773799
Management, P.B. No. 357, Fax: (0755)2772878, 2775988
Nehru Nagar, Bhopal - 462 003 email:director@iifm.ac.in
2. Indian Plywood Industries Tel : (080) 8394231, 8394232/33
Research and Training Institute, Fax : 91-80-8396361
P.B. No. 2273, Tumkur Road, email: contactus@ipirti.gov.in
Bengaluru - 560 022
3. Indian Council of Forestry Tel : (0135) 2758614
Research and Education Fax: (0135) 2755353
P.O. New Forests email: dg@icfre.org
Dehradun - 248 006
Research Institutes
1. Forest Research Institute Tel : (0135) 2755277
P.O. New Forests, Fax: (0135) 2756865
Dehradun - 248 006 email : dir_fri@icfre.org
2. Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Tel : (0422) 2484100, 2484101
Forest College Campus Fax : (0422) 2430549
P.B. No.1061, R.S. Puram P.O. email: dir_ifgtb@icfre.org
Coimbatore - 641 002
3. Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Tel : (080) 22190102, 22190100
18th Cross, Malleswaram, Fax : (080) 23340529
Bengaluru - 560 003 email:scjoshi@icfre.org
4. Arid Forest Research Institute, P.O. Krishi Tel: (0291) 2722549
Upaj Mandi, Basni, New Pali Road, Fax: (0291)2722764
Jodhpur – 342 005, Rajasthan email: dir_afri@icfre.org
5. Tropical Forest Research Institute Tel : (0761) 2840482
P.O. RFRC, Mandla Road, Fax: (0761) 2840484
Jabalpur - 482 021 Rajasthan email: dir_tfri@icfre.org
6. Rain Forest Research Institute Tel : (0376) 2350273/74
‘Deovan’ P.B. No. 136, A.T. Road (East) Fax: (0376) 2350274
Jorhat - 785 001, Assam email : dir_rfri@icfre.org
7. Himalayan Forests Research Institute Tel : (0177) 2626778
Conifer Campus, Panthaghati, Fax: (0177) 2626779
Shimla - 171 009, email : dir_hfri@icfre.org
Himachal Pradesh
408
8. Institute of Forest Productivity Tel : (0651) 2948505, 2948515

Ranchi - 834 001, Jharkhand email : dir_ifp@icfre.org
Centres
9. Centre for Social Forestry & Tel : (0532) 2440795
Eco-rehabilitation email : head_csfre@icfre.org
Allahabad - 211 002, Uttar Pradesh
10. Centre for Forestry Research & Human Tel: (07162) 282444
Resource Development, Nagpur Road, Fax: (07162) 254473
Chhindwara-480001 email: head_cfrhrd@icfre.org
11. Forest Research Centre Tel: 040-23194188
Dulapally, Kakimpet (P.O.), Fax: 040-23095926
Hyderabad-500014 email: head_frc@icfre.org
Advanced Centre for Bamboo and Rattan Tel: 0389-2301159, 2301157
Aizawl, Mizoram email : imtienla@icfre.org
c) Wildlife Wing
1. Wildlife Institute of India, Tel: 0135-2640111-15
P.B. No. 18, Chandrabani, Fax: 0135-2640117
Dehradun - 248 001, Uttarakhand email : wii@wii.gov.in
2. Central Zoo Authority Tel : 011-23381585
Bikaner House, Annexe VI Fax : 011-23386012
Shahjahan Road , New Delhi - 110011 email : cza@nic.in
Subordinate Offices
a) Environment Wing
1. Botanical Survey of India Tel : 033-23346040/4963
CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Fax : 033-23215631, 23346040
Block F, (5th & 6th floor) Sector 1,
Salt Lake City, Kolkata – 700 064
2. Zoological Survey of India Tel : (033) 24986820
Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M-Block, Fax : (033) 24006893
New Alipur, Kolkata - 700 053 email: venkyzsi50@yahoo.com
3. National Museum of Natural History, Tel : (011) 23314849
FICCI Building, Barakhamba Road, Fax : (011) 23314932
New Delhi - 110 001 URL: www.nmnh.org
Regional Centres of ZSI
1. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0364-2223638
North Eastern Regional Centre Fax: 0364- 2226495
Fruit Garden, Risa Colony, Email: zsishillong@rediffmail.com
Shillong - 793003, Meghalaya
409
2. Zoological Survey of India, Tel: 020-27655213/27651927

Western Regional Centre, Fax: 020- 27652564
Vidyanagar, Sector-29, Email: wrszsipune@gmail.com
PCNT Post, Rawet Road, Akurdi,
Pune-411 044. Maharashtra.
3. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0135-2756349, 2754939, 2755279
Northern Regional Centre Telefax: 0135 2758362
218, Kaulagarh Road, Dehradun - 248195, Email: zsisiwal@sancharnet.in
Uttarakhand
4. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0761-2641792/2641421
Central Zone Regional Centre Fax: 0761- 2641421
168-169, Vijay Nagar Jabalpur, 482 002 Email: zsicrs@dataone.in
Madhya Pradesh
5. The Officer-in-Charge Tel: 0291 - 2728551, 2726213
Zoological Survey of India Email: drczsi@gmail.com
Desert Regional Centre
Jhalamand, Pali Road, Jodhpur - 342005
6. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 044-24642898, 24643255, 24643378
Southern Regional Centre Email: srszsi@gmail.com
130 Santhome High Road, Chennai 600 028,
7. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0360 - 2203652, 2203689
Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre Email: srideeep@rediffmail.com
Senki Valley, Itanagar - 791113,
Arunachal Pradesh
8. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0612 - 2670686, 2664049
Gangetic Plains Regional Centre Email: gprszsipatna@rediffmail.com
11 - D, Rajendra Nagar,
Patna - 800016, Bihar
9. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 03220-266310,266311, 266312
Marine Aquarium & Research Center, Fax: 03220-266310
Foreshore Road, Digha- 721428 Email: marczsi@yahoo.co.in
East Midnapore, West Bengal.
10. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 01792-221060, 225721, 220413, 224483
High Altitude Regional Centre Fax - 01792-221060,
Saproon, Solan - 173211, Himachal Pradesh Email: hazoology@dataone.in
11. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 044 - 24642680/24643191
Marine Biology Regional Centre Fax: 044 - 24642680
130, Santhome High Road, Email: cvramanmbs@yahoo.com
Chennai - 600 028.
12. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 03192 230115/237582/233148
11, Horticulture Road, Haddo, Fax: 03192 230115
Port Blair 744 102 Email: anrszsi@gmail.com
Andaman & Nicobar Islands
410
13. Freshwater Biology Regional Centre Tel: 040-2400 2251, 2400 2250
Zoological Survey of India Email: fbszsihyd@yahoo.com
Plot No 366/1, Attapur (V), Near O/o DFO
Flying Squad, Hyderguda (P.O.) Ring Road,
Hyderabad - 500 048, Andhra Pradesh.
14. Sunderbans Regional Centre Tel: 03218-255211, 256721
Zoological Survey of India,
Canning- 743 329, 24 Pargana(s)
West Bengal
15. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0680-2243995, 2243996
Estuarine Biology Regional Centre Fax: 0680- 2243996
Hilltop, Gopalpur-on-Sea, Ganjam District, Email: zsiestuary@rediffmail.com
Odisha -761002
16. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0495-2771929, 2771324
Jafer Khan Colony, Eranhipalam (P.O), Fax: 0495-2771929
Kozhikode (Calicut) -673 006 Email: zoolsurcalicut@dataone.in
Regional Centres of BSI
1. Botanical Survey of India, Phone: (0532) 2441192
Central Regional Centre, 10 Chatham Lines, Fax No.: (0532) 2250179 2
Allahabad - 211 002, Uttar Pradesh
2. Botanical Survey of India, Fax: (0135) 2757951
Northern Regional Centre, Phone: (0135) 2753433, 2755478
192, Kaulagarh Road, E-mail: bsinc2001@rediffmail.com
Dehradun–248195, Uttarakhand.
Arid Zone Regional Centre, Phone: (0291) 2740415, 2747163
Near Khema Ka Kuan, E-mail: bsi_azc@sancharnet.in
Pal-Basni Canal Link Road,
P.O. Nandan Van, Jodhpur- 342 008,
Rajasthan.
4. Botanical Survey of India, Tel/Fax: (020) 2612 4139

Western Regional Centre Phone: (020) 26122125, 26139512
7,Koregaon Road,Pune-411 001 E-mail: bsi_wcpune@vsnl.net
5. Botanical Survey of India, Phone:(0422)2432123, 2432788, 2432487
Southern Regional Centre, Fax:(0422) 2432835
T.N.A.U. Campus, Lawley Road, E-mail: bsisc@md4.vsnl.net. in
Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu.
Eastern Regional Centre, Phone: (0364) 2223971
Woodlands, Laitumkhrah, E-mail: bsi_ec@neline.com
Shillong - 793 003, Meghalaya. bsibsishll@yahoo.co.in
411
7. Botanical Survey of India, Phone: 2212405

Arunachal Field Station, Fax: (0360) 2211713
Post Box No. 127, Sankie View, E-mail: bsiafs@yahoo.com,
Itanagar - 791111, Arunachal Pradesh. botsurvey@sancharnet.in
Andaman & Nicobar Regional Centre. Fax: (03192) 230120
P.O. No.: 692, Haddo, Port Blair - 744102 E-mail: bsi_anc@rediffmail.com
Sikkim Himalayan Regional Centre Fax: (03592) 204717
Below Rajbhawan Campus, P.O. - Rajbhawan, E-mail: bsigangtok@hotmail.com
Gangtok – 737103, Sikkim. bsigangtok@india.com
10. Botanical Survey of India, Tel:(040)-2002 0666
Deccan Regional Centre, Fax: (040) - 2400 2287
In Zoological Survay of India Campus, Email : bsi_deccancircle@rediffmail.com
Plot No. 366/1, Attapur (v), Hyderguda (P.O.),
Inner ring road, Hyderabad - 500 048,
Andhra Pradesh.
b) Forest Wing
1. Forest Survey of India, Telefax:(0135) 2756139, 2755037
Kaulagarh Road, P.O. IPE, email: akw1954@gmail.com
Dehradun-248195, Uttarakhand URL: www.fsi.nic.in
2. Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy Tel : (0135)2757316
P.O. New Forest, Fax: (0135) 2757314
Dehradun - 248 006, Uttarakhand email: director@ignfa.gov.in
3. Directorate of Forest Education Tel: 0135-2757326
P.O. New Forest, Dehradun - 248 006, Fax : 0135-2750125
Uttarakhand
Regional Offices of Forest Survey of India
1. Regional Director (Central Zone) Tel : 0172-2510194
Forest Survey of India, Central Zone email: tejinder_84@rediffmail.com
C.G.O. Complex, Block ‘A’, Ground Floor,
East Wing, Seminary Hills, Nagpur-440006
2. Regional Director (Eastern Zone) Telfax : 033-23355904
Forest Survey of India, 1B-198, email: regdirez@hotmail.com
Sec. 3, Salt Lake City, Kolkata – 700106
3. Regional Director (Southern Zone) Tel : 080-25520136
Forest Survey of India, 8th Floor, B-Wing, Fax : 080-25520136
Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala, email: fsisz@blr.vsnl.net.in
Bengaluru - 560034
412
4. Regional Director (North Zone) Tel : 0177-2658285

Forest Survey of India, North Zone, Fax : 0177-2655572, 2657517
1st Floor, Himlok Parisar, “Shivalik Khand”,
Batsley Longwood, Shimla - 171001,
Himachal Pradesh
c) Wildlife Wing
1. Director, Tel : (011) 24359825, 24358500
National Zoological Park, Fax : (011) 24352408
Mathura Road, New Delhi - 110 003
Regional Offices
1. Regional Dy. Director (SR) Tel : 044-24916747
Wildlife Crime Control Bureau Fax: 044-24463477
C2A,Rajaji Bhavan, Besant Nagar, email: rddwccbsr@nic.in
Chennai-600 090.
2. Regional Dy. Director(ER) Telefax:033-22878698
Wildlife Crime Control Bureau email: wlper1234@dataone.in
Nizam Palace, 2nd MSO Building,
6th Floor, A.J.C Bose Road,
Kolkata-700020.
3. Regional Dy. Director(WR) Telefax:022-26828184
Wildlife Crime Control Bureau email: rddwr@vsnl.com
11, Air Cargo Complex, Sahar,
Mumbai-400099.
4. Regional Dy. Director (CR) Telefax:0761-2840689
Wildlife Crime Control Bureau email: rddcr@yahoo.co.in
R.F.R.C, Mandla Road, T.F.R.I. Campus,
Jabalpur-482021.
5. Regional Dy. Director(NR) Telefax:011-23384556
Wildlife Crime Control Bureau email: ddrwildlife@yahoo.co.in
Bikaner House, Shahjahan Road,
New Delhi-110 011.
Public Sector Undertaking
6. Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forests and Tel: 03192-232869
Plantation Development Corporation Ltd. Fax: 03192-233254
Van Vikas Bhawan, Port Blair,
Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
413
Annexure-III
List of Projects Sanctioned during 2012-13
Environment Research Programme (EnvRP)
Sl. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & Institute
No.
1. Reduction of Chromium Toxicity using Dr. Debajyoti Paul, Department of Civil
Nanoparticles: Laboratory and Field Scale Study. Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology,
Kanpur-208016, U.P.
2. Efficacy Validation of Soil Amendments and Dr. Anjana Srivastava, College of Basic Science &
Microbial Cultures in Reducing Pesticide Residues Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture
in Soil, Crops and Ground Water under Field and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand.
conditions.
3. Biodiversity of macro fungi in Andhra Pradesh: Dr. M.A. Singara Charya, Department of
Application in paper and pulp industries for Microbiology, Kakatiya University, Warangal-
biobleaching and biopulping. 506009 (A.P.).
4. STREAT – Sustainable Semi-Decentralized Dr. Mukesh Khare Professor of Environmental
Sewage Treatment – Wastewater Reuse, Nutrient Engineering, Civil Engineering Department,
Recovery and Biogas Production in the Delhi Block IV, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,
Metropolitan Area. Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110 016.
5. Synthesis of Novel Nanosized Semiconductor Dr. T. Sivasankar, Department of Chemical
Photocatalyst for Sonophotocatalytic Engineering, National Institute of Technology
Degradation of Organic Pollutants from industrial Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli-620015,
wastewater. (Tamilnadu).
Ecosystem Research Programme (EcRP)

LIST OF SANCTIONED PROJECTS under All India Coordinated Research Project on Sacred
Groove Ecosystem Services Assessment (SGESA)
No.
1. All India Coordinated Research Project on Dr. S.S. Samant, Scientist-in-charge, Himachal
Sacred Grove Ecosystem Service Assessment: Unit, Theme Head, Biodiversity Conservation and
Assessment of Ecosystem Services in sacred Management, G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan
grooves of Himachal Pradesh, North Western Environment and Development, Almora,
Himalaya Uttarakhand
2. All India Coordinated Research Project on Dr. S.K. Barik, Deptt. of Botany, School of Life
Sacred Grove Ecosystem Services Assessment of Sciences, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong
Meghalaya
3. All India Coordinated Research Project on Sacred Dr. Ankur Patwardhan, M.E.S. Abasaheb Garware
Grove Ecosystem Service Assessment from College, Karve, Road, Pune-411004, Maharashtra
Northern Western Ghats of Maharashtra”
414
No.
4. All India Coordinated Research Project on Sacred Dr. T. V. Ramachandra, Energy & Wetland Research
Grove Ecosystem Service Assessment of Central Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian
Western Ghats in Karnataka Institute of Science, Bangalore
5. All India Coordinated Research Project on Sacred Dr. U. Chandrashekara, Scientist in charge, Kerala
Grove Ecosystem Service Assessment in the Forest Research Institute, Sub Centre, Nilambur,
Kerala part of Western Ghat Chandakunnu, Malappuram District, Kerala
6. All India Coordinated Project on Sacred Grove Dr. M. K. Janarthanam, Department of Botany,
Ecosystem Service Assessment of Goa Goa University, Goa
7. All India Coordinated Research Project on Prof. N.P. Todaria, Head, Deptt. of Forestry & N.R.,
Sacred Grove Ecosystem Service Assessment in H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal-
Uttarakhand. 246174, Uttarakhand
8. All India Coordinated Research Project on Dr. O.P. Tripathi, Department of Forestry,
Sacred Grove Ecosystem Services Assessment in North-Eastern Regional Institute of Science &
Arunachal Pradesh. Technology, Nirjuli-791109 (Itanagar), Arunachal
Pradesh
9. All India Coordinated Project on Sacred Grove Prof. P.S. Yadava, Professor, Centre of Advance
Ecosystem Services Assessment, Manipur, NE Study in life Science, Manipur University, Imphal
India
10. All India Coordinated Project on Sacred Grove Dr. Avinash Tiwari, School of Studies in Botany,
Ecosystem Service Assessment of Madhya Jiwaji University, Gwalior (M.P)
Pradesh”
11. All India Coordinated Research Project on Sacred Dr. Niranjan Behera, Professor, School of Life
Grove Ecosystem Service Assessment: Evaluation Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla-
of ecosystem services rendered by sacred forests 768 019, Odisha
of Western Odisha
12. No.22/15/2011-(SG)-REAll India Coordinated Dr.M.AmirthalingamResearch Officer, C.P.R.
Research Project on Sacred Grove Ecosystem Environmental Education Centre, 1 Eldams Road,
Service Assessment in inland plains of Tamil Chennai - 600 018, Tamil Nadu
Nadu
13. All India Coordinated Research Project on Sacred Dr. N. Parthasarathi, Department of Ecology &
Grove Ecosystem Service Assessment in Tropical Environmental Science, Pondicherry University,
Dry Evergreen Forests on the Coromandel Coast Puducherry-605 014
of India
14. All India Coordinated Research Project on Sacred Dr. K. Haridasan, Institute of Ayurveda and
Grove Ecosystem Service Assessment: Evaluation Integrative medicine (I-AIM), FRLHT, 74/2,
of Ecosystem services provided by sacred groves Jarakabande kaval, Attur PO, Via Yelkahanka,
in selected locations in Karnataka and Kerala Bangalore-560106
415
No.
15. All India Coordinated Research Project on Sacred Prof. K. Kameswara Rao, Deptt. of Environ-mental
Grove Ecosystem Services Assessment of Eastern Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapattanam-
Ghats” 530 003 Andhra Pradesh
National Natural Resource Management System (NNRMS) Programme
Sl. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator

No. (PI) & Institute
1. Application of RS & GIS for Integrated Prof. S.S. Singh, Department of Forestry,
Management of Hasdeo River Watershed (A Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur-495009,
Tributary of Mahanadi River) in Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarh.
2. Forest Fire Zonation Mapping in Representative Dr. R. K. Singh, Remote Sensing Application
Wildlife Habitats of Madhya Pradesh Using Centre, M.P. Council of Science & Technology,
Remote Sensing Technique and Geographic Vigyan Bhawan, Nehru Nagar, Bhopal-462003
Information System
3. Implication of Changing Climate on Flood Dr. A.C. Pandey, Department of Remote
Severity in Bihar Flood Plains using Geo- Sensing, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi,
informatics: A case Study of Kosi Basin” Jharkhand.
4. Desertification Status Mapping of India Dr. Ajai, Group Director, Marine, Geo & Planetary
Science Group, Department of Space, Space
Application Centre, Ambawadi Vistar P.O.,
Ahmedabad-380015.
416
Annexure-IV
List of Projects completed during 2012-13
Environment Research Programme (ERP)
Sl. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) &

No. Institute
1. Microbial decolourisation of coloured textile Dr. Kamaljit Singh, Department of Applied
industrial effluents. Chemical Science & Technology, Guru Nanak
Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab.
2. Timber wood protection from wood decaying Prof. Rajinder K Gupta, School of Biotechnology,
basidiomycetes using actinomycetes. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New
Delhi-110043.
3. Electroanalytic applications of organic inorganic Dr. Asif Ali Khan, Deptt. Of Applied Chemistry,
composite ion exchange material for detection Faculty of Engg. & Tech, Aligarh Muslim
and determination of heavy metals and University, Aligarh-202002.
pesticides residue in water at micro level.
4. Development of technology for biodegradable Dr. S.P. Agrawal, Director, Material Division,
nursery pots. Central Building Research Institute Roorkee-247
667, Uttarakhand.
5. Effect of heavy metal pollutants on the induction Dr. S. Vincent, Department of Zoology, Loyola
of biomarker protein, metallothionein in the College, Chennai-600034, Tamil Nadu.
selective edible organisms of the coastal areas
of Tamil Nadu.
6. Development of solar photo catalysts for Dr. M. Swaminathan, Professor of Chemistry,
the mineralization of pollutants in industrial Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University,
effluent. Annamalai Nagar -608002, Tamil Nadu.
7. Disinfection of river / pond / ground water by Dr. K.M. Popat, Central Salt & Marine Chemical
novel disinfecting polymers. Research Institute, Bhavnagar-364002,
GUJARAT.
8. Two dimensional sheets and interlayers of Dr. Kannan Srinivasan, Silicates and Catalysis
Hydrotalcite-like materials-potential scope for Discipline, Central Salt & Marine Chemicals
environmental remediation. Research Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg,
Bhavnagar-364002, GUJARAT.
9. Production of Bio-energy During Wastewater Dr. M.M.Ghangrakar, Department of Civil
Treatment. Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology,
Kharagpur-721302, WEST BENGAL.
10. Production of Bioplastics from Agroindustrial Dr. J. Kasthuri, Principal Investigator, Department
wastes. of Zoology, The Standard Fireworks Rajaratnam
(SFR) College, Sivakasi-626123.
417

No. Institute
11. Electrolytic recovery of copper and removal of Dr. S. Chellammal, Scientist, OPMEC-CECRI Unit,
organic pollutants from copper phthalocyanine New Harbour Area, Tuticorin-628004.
dye effluent.
12. Pilot scale optimization of bacterial degradation Dr. Ram Chandra, Analytical Chemistry Section,
of lignin and pentachloraphenol for pulp paper Indian Toxicology Research Centre, Post Box No.
effluent decolourization and its application for 80, Luchnow-226001, U.P.
aquaculture and ferti-irrigation.
13. Development of a Bioleaching strategy for Dr. Sudhir Syal, Department of Bio-technology
sustainable disposal and recycling of e-waste in and Bio-informatics, JAYPEE University of
India. Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan,
Himachal Pradesh – 173215.
14. Developing Eco Friendly Microbial Consortia for Dr. P Dhevagi, Department of Environmental
Pathogen Removal in Sewage Waste Water and Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,
Mitigation of Pathogen Entry into Hydrological Coimbatore-641003, Kerala.
Cycle.
Ecosystem Research Programme (EcRP)
Sl. Title of the project Name of Principal Investigator

No. (PI) & Institute
1. Studies on the Diversity and Distribution of Dr. D.C. Ray, Dept. Of Ecology, Environmental
Soil Microarthropod Fauna of Grassland and sciences, Assam University, Silchar, 788 011,
Adjoining Cultivated Fi8elds in subtropical Assam
Ecosystems of Cachar, Assam, NE
2. Algal Flora from different habitats of Central Dr. Farishta YasminSenior Lecturer in Botany,
Assam and Conservation of Collected Strains Deptt. Of Botany, Nowgong College, P.O. Nagaon,
Assam- 782 001
3. Plant functional Trait Analysis of Dry Tropical Dr. A.S. RaghubanshiReader, Centre for Advanced
Forest Ecosystems”. Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University,
Varanasi- 2F21005
4. Study of Ant speciesabundance and composition Dr. Himender Bharati, Lecturer, Deptt. Of
with respect to functional groups from lower Zoology, Punjab University, Patiala-147 002.
Shivalik range
5. Development of nursery technology and Dr. G.S. Shamet, Professor (Ecology), Deptt.
measurement of ecological and natural Of Silviculture & Agroforestry, Dr. Y.S. Parmar
regeneration status of chilgoza pine (Pinus University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni,
gerardiana wal) – a rare and endangered species solan-173230(HP)
of India”
6. Diversity of Vermifauna and their population Dr. P. Neelnarayan, Nehru Memorial College,
dynamics in Kolli Hills, a part of Eastern Ghats, Puthanampatti-621007Tiruchirapalli (Dt.), Tamil
Tamil Nadu Nadu
418
National Natural Resource Management System (NNRMS) Programme

No. Institute
1. Assessment and Evaluation of Sea Grass Dr. T. Thangaradjou,Centre of Advanced Study
Resources of India in Two Oceanic Island groups in Marine Biology, Annamalai University,
(Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep), Parangipettai – 608 502, Cuddalore Dt., Tamil
through Conventional Ground Surveys and Nadu
Satellite Remote Sensing
2. Ecosystem Research Project on Landuse Dynamics Dr. S. L. Swamy,Department of Forestry,Indira
and its Impact on Carbon Sequestration, Gandhi Agricultural University, Krishak Nagar,
Nitrogen Cycling and Bio-diversity of Tropical Raipur–492 006, Chhattisgarh
Forest Eco-systems of Chhattisgarh through
Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
3. Forest Encroachment Mapping in Uttar Pradesh Director,Forestry Training Institute, H-2, Block,
using Remotely Sensed Data and Geographic Kidwai Nagar, Kanpur-208 011, U.P.
Information System (GIS)
4. Development of a comprehensive information Dr. B. Prakasa Rao,Professor, Department of Geo-
system with GIS, GPS and Remote sensing Engineering, College of Engineering, Andhra
interface for environment impact assessment University, Visakhapatnam-530003.
of the proposed river link canal projects of
Peninsular India
5. Inventorying Sacred Groves of Jharkhand Dr. R.K. Sinha, Centre for Regional Studies,T.M.
forests and their Characterization through RS- Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur-812007
GIS technology
6. Use of Remote Sensing and GIS for urban solid Prof. Anjana VyasCentre for Research and
waste disposal (Identification of Dumping site Development Unit (CRDU),CEPT, K.L. Campus,
and optimal transportation Route Modeling) Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380009, Gujarat
7. Landslide hazard zonation of Kalingpung Dr. P.K. Paul, Department of Mining Engineering,
subdivision of West Bengal and creation of a Bengal Engineering and Science University,
portal to upload Landslide hazard map and all Shibpur, Howrah-711103, West Bengal
other maps created using open GIS
Biosphere Reserves
S. Title of the Project Name of Organization

No.
1. Management of Manas Biosphere Reserve Gauhati University, Gauhati
through Biodiversity Evaluation in Gap areas
and community participation.
419
Annexure-V
National River Conservation Plan States
NODAL DEPARTMENT NODAL IMPLEMENTING AGENCY

1. ANDHRA PRADESH
Principal Secretary, Dr. P. Panduranga Rao,
Municipal Administration & U.D. Development, Engineer-in Chief,
Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, Public Health Engg. Department,
A.P. Secretariat, Hyderabad-500 022 A.C. Guards, Hyderabad-500004
Tel+Fax- 040-23450622 Phone: 040-23391208
Fax: 040-23393371
Shri Adhar Sinha, Managing Director,

Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply &
Sewerage Board, Khairtabad,
Hyderabad–500 004
Phone : 040-23442844Fax: 23442855
2. BIHAR
Shri Sudhir Kumar Shri Anupam Kumar Suman
Secretary, Managing Director,
Deptt. of Urban Development, Bihar Urban Infrastructure
Govt. of Bihar, Dev. Corp. (BUIDCO)
Vikas Bhawan, 303, 3rd Floor , Maurya Tower,
Patna-800 015. Maurya Lok Complex,
Phone: 0612-2223580(O) Budh Marg,
Fax: 2223059 Patna, Bihar –800 001
Fax- 0612-2210103, 2210100
3. GOA
Mr. Michael D’Souza
Director/Joint Secretary,
Deptt. Of Science, Technology
& Environment, Govt of Goa,
opp. Saligao Seminary,
P.O-Saligao Bardez,
Panaji-403 511
Tel./ Fax.- 0832-24152201(O)
4. GUJARAT
Shri I.P. Gautam, Dr. Guruprasad Mohapatra,
Principal Secretary, Municipal Commissioner,
U.D. & Urban Housing Department, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation,
Sachivalaya, 9th floor, Block no-14 Ahmedabad-380 001
Gandhi Nagar, Gujarat-382 010 Phone : 079- 25352828
Phone : 079-23251001
Fax : 079-25354638
Fax: 079-23251005
420

5. HARYANA
Shri Naresh Gulati Shri A.K. Khetrapal
Fin. Commissioner & Pr. Secretary, Engineer-in-Chief
Public Health Engineering Deptt, Public Health Engineering Deptt,
Govt. of Haryana Civil Sectt., Govt. of Haryana
Chandigarh Bay No. 13-18 Sector-4, Panchkula, Haryana
Tel./Fax.– 0172-2704453 (O) Fax: 0172-2561673, 2560270
Tel. 0172-2561672
6. JHARKHAND
Shri Nitin Madan Kulkarni
Secretary,
Deptt. Of Urban Development,
Govt. of Jharkhand,
Project Building, Dhurwa, 4th floor,
Ranchi.-834004
Phone: 0651-2403961(O)
Fax: 0651-2400966
Shri A.K. Mishra
Director
Municipal Administration
Govt of Jharkhand
3rd Floor, Project Building
Dhurwa, Ranchi-834004
Fax- 0651-2400966/2400961
7. KARNATAKA
Smt. Meera Saxena For Core Scheme:
Principal Secretary (Env) i) Chairman & Managing Director,
Govt. of Karnataka Bangalore Water Supply & Drainage Board,
Bangalore KHB Complex, Cauvery Bhawan,
K.G. Road, Bangalore-560 009.
Fax: 080-2217743(O)/6686855 (R)
Phone: 080-2217743/2230080
For Non-core Scheme:

ii) Member Secretary,
Kr S.P.C.B.,
6, 7, 8 & 9th floor, Public Utility Building,
M.G. Road, Bangalore-560 001 Karnataka
421

8. KERALA
Shri V.J. Kurian The Managing Director
Principal Secretary Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Drainage
Water Resources (Irrigation) Deptt, Board, Jalbhavan 1st stage, 1st phase,
Public Officer Building BTM Layout, Bannerghatta Road,
Government of Kerala, Bangalore -560029
Thiruvananthapuram- 695033 Phone: 080-41106504
Tel: 0471-2324394 Fax: 080-26539206
Fax: 0471-2324394
9. MADHYA PRADESH
Shri R. Parasuram, i) Member Secretary,
Chief Secretary, M.P. Pollution Control Board,
Govt. of Madhya Pradesh Paryavaran Parisar, E-5, Arera Colony,
Bhopal Bhopal-462 013
Phone: 564428
Fax: 0755-2463742, 0755-2462136
Shri Iqbal Singh Bains ii) Shri N.K.Sehra,
Principal Secretary, E-N-C, PHED,
Housing and Environment Deptt. Govt. of M.P.
Govt. of Madhya Pradesh, Satpura Bhawan, Bhopal
Paryavaran Parisar, Phone: 2561260, 2566990
E-5, Arera Colony
Bhopal-462016
Phone: 0755- 466859/2460189/2427004
Fax: 0755-2462136
iii) Executive Director, Environment Planning &
Coordination Organization (EPCO)
Paryavaran Bhawan, E-5, Area Colony,
Bhopal-462016
Fax: 0755-2462136
10. MAHARASTRA
Ms. Valsa Nair Singh, i) Shri R.L. Mopalwar,
Secretary, Member Secretary,
15th Floor, New Admn Building, Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran (MJP)
Environment Department, 4th floor, Express Tower, Nariman Point,
Govt. of Maharashtra, Maharashtra
Mantralaya, Madam Cama Road, Phone: 022-22025354(O)
Mumbai-400 032 Fax: 022-22029348
Phone: 022-22793132
Fax : 022-22813947
422

ii) Municipal Commissioner,
Nasik Municipal Corporation
Nasik, Maharashtra
Phone: 0253-2578206(O)
Fax: 2577936
11. NAGALAND
Addl. Chief Secretary, Shri Zailo
Govt. of Nagaland, Secretary, PHED
Kohima, Kohima
Fax: 0370-2290470
12. NCT DELHI
Shri Rakesh Mehta Shri Ramesh Negi
Chief Secretary Chief Execurtive Officer,
Govt. of NCT of Delhi Delhi Jal Board,
Delhi Secretariat Varunalaya Phase-II,
IP Estate, Jhandewalan, Delhi-110 005.
New Delhi-1100 02 Phone: 23511658 Fax: 23516182
Shri R. Chandra Mohan Additional Commissioner (Eng. DEMS&IT)
Principal Secretary(UD) cum Commissioner, Municipal Corporation of Delhi,
Govt. of NCT of Delhi, I.P. Estate, New Delhi-110 002
Delhi Secretariat, IP Estate, Phone: 23370571,23379983(O)
New Delhi.-110 002 Fax: 23370965/23370281
Phone: 23392167, Fax: 23392253
Shri Keshar Chandra Shri K. S. Mehra
Secretary (Environment), Commissioner,
Govt. of NCT of Delhi, Municipal Corporation of Delhi
Delhi Secretariat, IP Estate Town Hall Chandni Chowk, Delhi-110 006
New Delhi. Phone: 23961012, 23967315
Fax: 23392034/23392102 Fax: 23965016/23392102
Shri J. S. Kamyotra Dr. Indrani Chandrashekharan
Member Secretary, Adviser (E&F)
Central Pollution Control Borad, Planning Commission,
Parivesh Bhawan, East Arjun Nagar, Yojana Bhawan,
CBD Shahadra, Delhi- 110032 New Delhi – 110 001.
Phone: 22307078( O) Phone: 23096536, 23096666/2300
Prof. S.P. Gautam
Chairman,
Central Pollution Control Board,
Parivesh Bhawan,
East Arjun Nagar, CBD Shahadra,
Delhi – 110 032
Phone: 22304948 (O)
423

13. ODISHA
Shri Saurab Garg Shri P.B. Raut
Commissioner cum Secretary, Member Secretary
Housing & Urban Development, Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board,
Govt. of Orissa, Satya Nagar, Bhubaneswar.
Civil Secretariat Phone: 0674-2571185 (O)
Bhubaneshwar-751 001 Fax: 2571348
Phone: 2536903
Fax: 2394984
14. PUNJAB
Principal Secretary, Shri Satpal Angurala
Department of Local Govt. Managing Director,
Govt. of Punjab, Punjab Water Supply & Sewerage Board,
Punjab Civil Secretariat, Plot I-B, Sector-27A, Madhya Marg, Chandigarh
Chandigarh Phone : 0172- 2651164(O)
Telefax : 0172: 2656526
E-mail : pwssbchd@hotmail.com
15. RAJASTHAN
Secretary, (i) Chief Engineer (HQS)
Local Self Govt. Deptt., Public Health Engg. Department,
Govt. of Rajasthan, Secretariat, Govt. of Rajasthan,
Jaipur-5 F-18, New Building, Ist Floor, 2, Civil Lines,
Fax: 0141-2227744 Jaipur-302006
Fax: 0141- 2222585 / 2220553
(ii) Secretary,
Urban Improvement Trust,
Near C.A.D. Circle, Kota, Rajasthan
Fax: 0744-2500828
16. SIKKIM
Shri T.B. Rajalim, Shri T.B. Rajalim,
PCE-cum-Secretary, PCE-cum-Secretary,
Govt. of Sikkim, Govt. of Sikkim,
Water Security & PHED, Water Security & PHED,
Nirman Bhawan, Gangtok-737101 Nirman Bhawan, Gangtok-737101
Tele/Fax: 03592-202671 Tele/Fax: 03592-202671
17. TAMIL NADU
Dr. T.S. Srinivasanvilley, IFS,
Member Secretary (EMAT),
G F, Pangal Building, No.1 Jeenis Road,
Saidapet, Chennai-600 015.
Phone: 044-24336421(O)
Fax: 044-24336594 (R)
424

Shri Rajesh Lakhoni
Managing Director, CMWSSB, No-1,
Pumping Station Road, Chintadripet,
Chennai-600 002
Phone: 044-28549000
Fax: 044-28419643
Shri Gagandeep Singh Bedi,
Managing Director,
TWAD Board No. 32, Kamarajar, Chepauk,
Chennai-600 005
Phone: 044-25670491(O)
Fax: 044-25679866
18. UTTAR PRADESH
Shri Alok Ranjan Shri V.U. Bishnoi
Principal Secretary, Managing Director,
Department of Urban Development, U.P. Jal Nigam, 6, Rana Pratap Marg,
Govt. of U.P. , Bapu Bhawan, Lucknow (UP)
Secretariat, Lucknow – 226 001 Phone: 0522-2626497
Phone: 0522-2237314(O) Fax: 0522-2622389, 2626360
Fax: 0522-2235241
Shri Javed Usmani
Chief Secretary,
Govt. of Uttar Pradesh
Vidhan Bhawan, Lucknow, UP
19. UTTARAKHAND
Shri Utpal Kumar Singh Shri Bhajan Singh,
Principal Secretary, (Peyjal) Managing Director
Govt. of Uttarakhand, Dehradun Uttarakhand Peyjal Sansadhan Vikas
Secretariat, 4 Subhash Road, Uttaranchal Evam Nirman Nigam,
Fax: 0135- 2712114/2712922 11, Mohini Road, Dehradun
Phone: 0135-2676812 (O)
Fax: 0135-2672337
20. WEST BENGAL
For NRCP
Shri Debashish Sen, Shri Chunar De,
Principal Secretary to the Programme Director,
Government of West Bengal, SPMG, WB, Nagarayan Bhawan,
Department of Urban Development, DF-8, Sector-I, Salt Lake City, Kolkata,
Nagarayan Bhawan, DF-8, Sector-I, Fax: 033-23347880
Salat Lake City, Kolkata,
Fax: 033-23347880
425

Shri Vivek Bhardwaj,
Chief Executive Officer,
KMDA, Prashasan Bhawan,
DD-I, Sector-I, Kolkata-700 064
Phone: 033-23597915/7988
Fax: 033-23597881/23593563
For CETP
Shri Alapan Bandhopadhyay, Special Secretary,
Principal Secretary, Commerce & Industries Dept.
Department of Municipal Affairs, Govt. of West Bengal,
Writers Building, Kolkata-700001, 4 Camac Street, Kolkata – 700 016
Fax: 033-22143853 Fax: 033 – 22820790
21. JAMMU & KASHMIR
Smt. Naseem Lanker Shri Irfan Yaseen
Secretary Vice Chairman,
Housing & Urban Development J&K Lakes and Waterways Authority
Government of J&K, Srinagar Development, Wali’s House, Braine,
Nishant, Srinagar (J&K)
Fax: 0194-2464015/16
426
Annexure-VI A
List of wetlands of International Importance from India under Ramsar Convention
S. No Name of Wetland State Date of declaration

1. Chandrataal H.P. 08.11.05
2. Renuka H.P. 08.11.05
3. Rudrasagar Tripura 08.11.05
4. Uppar Ganga U.P. 08.11.05
5. Hokarsar J&K 08.11.05
6. Surinsar - Mansar J&K 08.11.05
7. Bhitarkanika Mangroves Orissa 19.08.02
8. Bhoj Wetland Madhya Pradesh 19.08.02
9. Deepor Beel Assam 19.08.02
10. East Calcutta Wetlands West Bengal 19.08.02
11. Kolleru Lake Andhra Pradesh 19.08.02
12. Sasthamkotta Lake Kerala 19.08.02
13. Ashtamudi Kerala 19.08.02
14. Tsomoriri Jammu & Kashmir 19.08.02
15. Vembanad-Kol Wetland Kerala 19.08.02
16. Point Calimere Sanctuary Tamil Nadu 19.08.02
17. Pong Dam Lake Himachal Pradesh 19.08.02
18. Kanjli Punjab 22.01.02
19. Ropar Punjab 22.01.02
20. Harike Lake Punjab 23.03.90
21. Loktak Lake MR Manipur 23.03.90
22. Sambhar Lake Rajasthan 23.03.90
23. Wular Lake Jammu & Kashmir 23.03.90
24. Chilika Lake Orissa 01.10.81
25. Keoladeo National Park MR Rajasthan 01.10.81
26. Nalsarovar Gujarat 29.09.12
MR – Montreux Record
427
Annexure-VI B
List of Wetlands Identified under National Wetland Conservation Programme
Sl. No. State/UT No. Name of Wetlands

1. Andhra Pradesh 1. Kolleru
2. Assam 2. Deepar Beel
3. Urpad Beel
4. Sone Beel
3. Bihar 5. Kabar
6. Barilla
7. Kusheshwar Asthan
4. Gujarat 8. Nalsarovar
9. Great Rann of Kachh
10. Thol Bird Sanctuary
11. Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary
12. Little Rann of Kachh
13. Pariej
14. Wadhwana
15. Nanikakrad
5. Haryana 16. Sultanpur
17. Bhindawas
6. Himachal Pradesh 18. Renuka
19. Pong Dam
20. Chandratal
21. Rewalsar
22. Khajjiar
7. Jammu & Kashmir 23. Wullar
24. Tso Morari
25. Tisgul Tso & Chisul Marshes
26. Hokersar
27. Mansar-Surinsar
28. Ranjitsagar
29. Pangong Tsar
30. Gharana
31. Hygam,
32. Mirgund
33. Shalbugh
34. Chushul & Hanley
8. Jharkhand 35. Udhwa
36. Tilaiya Dam
9. Karnataka 37. Magadhi
428

38. Gudavi Bird Sanctuary
39. Bonal
40. Hidkal & Ghataprabha
41. Heggeri
42. Ranganthittu
43. K.G. Koppa wetland
10. Kerala 44. Ashtamudi
45. Sasthamkotta
46. Kottuli
47. Kadulandi
48. Vembnad Kol
11. Madhya Pradesh 49. Barna
50. Yashwant Sagar
51. Wetland of Ken River
52. National Chambal Sanct.
53. Ghatigaon
54. Ratapani
55. Denwa Tawa wetland
56. Kanha Tiger Reserve
57. Pench Tiger Reserve
58. Sakhyasagar
59. Dihaila
60. Govindsagar
61. Sirpur
12. Maharashtra 62. Ujni
63. Jayakawadi
64. Nalganga wetland
13. Manipur 65. Loktak
14. Mizoram 66. Tamdil
67. Palak
15. Orissa 68. Chilka
69. Kuanria wetland
70. Kanjia wetland
71. Daha wetland
72. Anusupa
16. Pandecheri 73. Ousteri lake
17. Punjab 74. Harike
75. Ropar
76. Kanjli
77. Nangal
429

18. Rajasthan 78. Sambhar
19. Sikkim 79. Khechuperi (Holy Lake)
80. Tamze Wetland
81. Tembao Wetland Complex
82. Phendang Wetland Complex
83. Gurudokmar Wetland
84. Tsomgo wetland
20. Tamil Nadu 85. Point Calimere
86. Kaliveli
87. Pallaikarni
21. Tripura 88. Rudrasagar
89. Gumti reservoir
22. Uttar Prdaesh. 90. Nawabganj
91. Sandi
92. Lakh Bahoshi
93. Samaspur
94. Alwara Wetland
95. Semarai Lake
96. Nagaria lake
97. Keetham Lake
98. Shekha wetland
99. Saman Bird Sanctuary
100. Sarsai Nawar
101. Patna Bird Sanctuary
102. Chandotal
103. Tal Bhaghel
104. Taal Ganbhirvan & Taal Salona
105. Aadi jal Jeev Jheel
23. Uttaranchal 106. Ban Ganga Jhilmil Tal
107. Asan
24. West Bengal 108. East Calcutta Wetland
109. Sunder bans
110. Ahiron Beel
111. Rasik Beel
112. Santragachi
113. Patlakhawa- Rasomati
25 Meghalaya 114. Umiam lake
26. UT (Chandigarh) 115. Sukhna
430
Annexure-VII
Names of Nodal Agencies of NGC Programme
S. No. State/Union State Nodal Agency

1. Jammu & Kashmir Dr. Mohit Gera
Member Secretary,
J & K Pollution Control Board
Rajbagh, Bhilawad Silk Factory
Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir,
Email: mohitgera87@gmail.com
Website : http://www.jkspcb.in/
2. Himachal Pradesh Mr. Ravi Sharma
Senior Scientific Assistant , SCSTE
State Council for Science, Technology And Environment
34, SDA Complex Kasumpti,Shimla, Himachal Pradesh-171009
Mob. No. 9418084973
Email: ravisml7@yahoo.com
Website : http://www.hpscste.gov.in/
3. Punjab Dr. Satnam Singh Ladhar
Joint Director ( Environment),
Punjab State Council for Science and Technology
Near Scared Heart School, Sector - 26
Chandigarh-160019
Mob. No.: 9463200886
Email: ssladhar@yahoo.com, ngcpunjab@yahoo.com
Website : http://www.pscst.com/
4. Chandigarh MR. P.J. S. Dadhwal,
Additional Director
Department of Environment
Chandigarh Administration, Additional Town Hall Building
ll Floor, Sector -17, Chandigarh
Mob. No.: 09855616338
Email: dadhwal@yahoo.com, dadhwalpjsd@gmail.com
Website : http://chandigarhenvis.gov.in
5. Uttar Pradesh Mr. Neeraj Chaturvedi
Accounts Officer
Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board,
Picup Bhawan, 3rd Floor, B-Block, Gomti Nagar,
Vibuthi Khand, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Email: info@uppcb.com
Website : http://uppcb.com/
431

6. Bihar Mr. Manoj Singh
Member Secretary
Bihar State Pollution Control Board
Beltran BhawanShastri Nagar
Patna – 800023, Bihar
Mob. No.: 09431081204
Email: issingh123@rediffmail.com, mjkr09@gmail.com
Website : http://bspcb.bih.nic.in
7. Uttarakhand Mrs. Pushpa Manas
Additional State Project Director
Sabhi ke liye (Kendriya) Shiksha Parishad
S-1, C-10 Defence Colony, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
Mob. No.: 9412056645
Email:euadpep@vsnl.net
Website: http://gov.ua.nic.in/ssaua/register.html
8. Orissa Prof. Sailadala Padhi
Nodal Officer, Centre for Environmental Studies Forests &
Environmental Department
Govt. of Orissa, N-1/247 I. R. C. Village,
Bhuvaneswar-15 Orissa
Mob. No.: 09937095353
Email: cesorissa@rediffmail.com
Website : http://www.cesorissa.org/
9. West Bengal Mr. Sandipan Mukharjee
Member Secretary
West Bengal Pollution Control Control Board (WBSPCB),
Paribesh Bhawan, 10A Block-L.A. Sector III , Salt Lake, Kolkata 700098
Mob. No.: 9830672363
Email: wbpcbnet@wbpcb.gov.in
Website : http://www.wbpcb.gov.in/
10. Jharkhand Mr. Sanjay Kumar Sinha
Nodal Officer
Member Secretary, JSPCB Jharkhand State pollution Control Board,
T A Division Building H.E.C. Dhurwa
Ranchi, 834004, Jharkhand
Mob. No.: 9835907525
Website : http://www.jspcb.org/
11. Haryana Dr. Raj .K . Chauhan
Scientist G-I
Haryana State Pollution Control Board,
Madhya Marg, SCO-11-12, Sector -7-Chandigarh
Haryana-160001
Mob. No.: 9417153589
Email: rajkc52@yahoo.co.in
Website : http://hspcb.gov.in/
432

12. Delhi Dr. B.C. Sabata
Senior Scientific Officer
Government of NCT Delhi
Room No. C-610, Level-6, C-Wing, Delhi Secretariat,
I.P. Estate, New Delhi-02
Mob. No.: 9717593506, 23392032
Email: bcsabat@ yahoo.com, ecoclub_delhigovt@ yahoo.com
Website :http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/Environment
13. Rajasthan Dr. S.R. Jain
State Secretary
Rajasthan State Bharat Scout & Guide,
State Headquaters, JLN Marg, Bajaj Nagar,
Jaipur-302015
Contact Person : Mr. Goparam Mali
Rajasthan Mob. No.:9414405255
Email: rajscoutguide@yahoo.com
14. Gujarat Mr. N.K. Nanda
Deputy Director
Gujarat Ecological Education and Research Foundation (GEER),
Near Indrora park, Sector - 9, Gandhi Nagar,
Gujarat - 382009
Website : http://www.geerfoundation.gujarat.gov.in
15. Dadra & Nagar Haveli Sh. M.R.G. Reddy
Member Secretary
Pollution Control Committee (PCC),
Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Silvasa
Tele-fax: 0260-2630260
Website : http://www.pccdaman.info/
16. Daman & Diu Sh. M.R.G. Reddy
Member Secretary
Pollution Control Committee (PCC), Daman & Diu
Tele-fax: 0260-2630260
Website : http://www.pccdaman.info/
17. Madhya Pradesh Mrs. Sadhna Tiwari
Scientific Officer
Environment Protection and Coordination Organization -EPCO
Bhopal (Housing Envt dept), Parayavaran Parisar,
E-5 sector, Arera Colony, Bhopal – 462078, Madhya Pradesh
Mob. No.: 9827285487
Email: sadhana@epco.in,sadhanahk@yahoo.co.in
433

18. Goa Shri Joseph S R De Souza
Chief scientist
Goa State Council of Science & Technology
Department of Science, Technology & Environment
Opp. Saligac Seminary, Saligao, Barcez Goa – 408511
Mob: 9623255354
Website : http://dstegoa.gov.in/aboutus.htm
19. Maharashtra Shri Tasneem Ahmad Director
Maharashtra ekatmik padik jamin vikas yantrana
Directorate of social forestry Maharashtra state Central administrative
building ground floor, pune-411001
Mob. No. 09421788704
Email id: dirsfdpune@vsnl.net
20. Chattisgarh Mr. Amar Savant
Nodal Officer I/C, Chattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB),
Raipurdr.apsawant@rediffmail.com
Chattisgarh Mob. No.: 9425584333
Email:cececb@rediffmail.com, dr.apsawant@rediffmail.com
Website : http://enviscecb.org/
21. Assam Mr. Jaideep Baruah
Head I/C Environment Division
Assam Science, Technology and Environment Council (ASTEC)
G.S. Road, Guwahati- 781003 Assam
Mob. No.:9435102089
e-mail: astec@rediffmail.com; jaideep82@hotmail.com, j.baruah@nic.in
Website: http://www.astec.gov.in/
22. Manipur Dr. M. Gonchandra Sharma
Principal Scientific Officer
Manipur Pollution Control Board,
Lamphelpat, Imphal West – 795004. Manipur
Mob. no.: 9662593360
e-mail: mpollution2006@yahoo.co.in,
gonchandra@yahoo.com, gonchandra@gmail.com
23. Meghalaya Mr. Sunil Kumar
Additional PCCF
Chief Conservator of Forests (HQ)
Department of Forests & Environment
Govt of Meghalaya Sylvan House, Lachumere Shillong – 793001.
Meghalaya
Mob. No.: 09436999140
Email: sunilkumar78@nic.in, snlkmr696@gmail.com
Contact person: Shri BahsukSupt. Wild Life Division
Mob. No.: 09436105778
434

24. Mizoram Mr. C. Lalduhawma
Mizoram Pollution Control Board,
MG Road, Aizawl-796001. Mizoram
Mob. No.: 09436142012
Email Id: duhawma15@yahoo.com
25. Nagaland Mr. Rusovil John
Member Secretary
Nagaland Pollution Control Board, Signal Point, Dimapur, Nagaland
Mob. No.: 09436003731
Email: npcb2@yahoo.com, ngc.nagaland@yahoo.com
26. Sikkim Mr. B.K. Tewari
Chief Conservstor of Forests,
Landuse and Environment Section (LU & E)
Dept. of Forests, Environment and Wildlife Management,
Deorali, Gangtok- 737101. Sikkim
Mob. No.: 09434723413
Email: sik@envis.nic.in
27. Tripura Shri Bishu Karmakar
Sr. Lab. Asstt. NGP programme
Tripura State Pollution Control Board,
Tripura (W), Agartala - 799001, Tripura Kechowmujani
Contact Person: Shri Amarendra Jamatia Mob. No.: 09436168371
e-mail: ajamatia@rediffmail.com
28. ArunachalPradesh Shri N. Tam
Member Secretary
Nodal Officer & Member Secretary
Arunachal PradeshState Pollution Control Board,
Department of Environment and Forests,
PCCF’s office, “Zero Point” Tiniali, Itanagar- 791111. Arunachal Pradesh
Mob. No.: 09402278748
Email: arunachalspcb@gmail.com
Website: http://www.apspcb.org.in/
29. Andaman & Nicobar Mrs. N. Kala
Islands Conservator of Forests,
Department of Forests,
Vansadan, Haddo, Port BlairAndaman & Nicobar Islands
Mob. No.:9434284822
Email:vaishnavi_bharti@yahoo.com
30. LakshadweepIslands Dr. Sayedis Mailkoia
Dy. Conservator of forests,
Department of Environment and ForestsUT
Administration of Lakshadweep, Kavaratti - 682555. Lakshadweep Islands
Ph. No.04896-26289, Fax No.: 04896-262598
435

31. Pondicherry Mr. V. Ramalingam
Programme Coordinator
Environment Education
Directorate of School EducationState Training Centre, Pondicherry
Ph. No.: 0413-2200255, ext. 370
Fax No.:0413-2205419
32. Andhra Pradesh Mr. W.G . Prasanna Kumar
Director,
National Green Corps, Andhra Pradesh214-K Block,
AP Secretariat, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
Mob. No.9849908831
Email: ngcap.vir@gmail.com
33. Karnataka Mr. R.M.N. Sahai
Director General
Environment Management & Policy Resaerch Institute(EMPRI),
‘Hasiru Bhavana’ Doresanipalya Forest campus, J.P. Nagar
5th Phase Bangaluru 560078 Karnataka
Mob. No.: 09480265641, 08026490747
Email:empri.ber@gmail.com
34. Kerala Dr Kamalakshan
Scientific Officer,
Kerala State Council For Science Technology & Environment (KSCSTE)
Sasthra Bhawan, PattomThiruvananthapuram-04 Kerala
Mob No.: 09447489587
Phone No. 0471-2543701-05
Email: drkhokkal@yahoo.com
Website: http://www.kscste.kerala.gov.in/
35. Tamil Nadu Mr. Thiru Vengadam
Co-ordinator
Ground Floor, Panagal Buildings1, Jeenis Road
Saidapet Chennai - 600 015
E-mail : tndoe@eth.net
Tamil Nadu Mob. No.: 9444159948
Email: tndoe@eth.net
436
Annexure-VIII
List of Regional Resource Agencies (RRAs) under NEAC
S. No. Name of the Organisations Area under Jurisdiction

1. Shri K. Narendra Nath Reddy, Chairman Andhra Pradesh
Sri Swarupa Nistha Ashrama Philosophical (South)
Welfare Society (SNAPS),
H.No.1-1189-99, 1st Floor,N.G.O. Colony,
Kadiri-515591
Ananthapur Distt. Andhra Pradesh
2. Shri P.V. Subbarao, NEAC Convenor Andhra Pradesh
Deccan Development Society (North)
Flat No. 101, Kishan Residency House No. 1-11-242/1
Street No. 5, Begum Pet,
Hyderabad-500016, Andhra Pradesh
3. Shri B.P.Duarah, General Secretary Assam
Assam Science Society,
Jawaharnagar, Khanapara,
Guwahati-781022,
P.B. No. 78, Assam
4. Shri Kameshwar Ojha, General Secretary Bihar
Rural Youth Coordination centre
Road No. 2 Manas Marg, House No.- 15,
West Shiv puri, Distt. : Patna,
Bihar Pin- 800 023
5. Shri S.N. Singh, Director Chattisgarh
Jan Kalyan Parishad,
Moh. Namana kala Ring Road,
(Near Cormel School),
Ambikapur,
Distt.- Surguja- 497 001
Chattisgarh
6. Dr. Desh Bandhu, President Delhi & Western U.P.
Indian Environmental Society
U- 112, Vidhata House, 3rd Floor
Vikas Marg, Shakarpur, Delhi 110092
7. Mr. Dilip Surkar, Director, Gujarat & Daman Diu
Vikram Sarabhai Centre for Development Interaction (VIKSAT),
Nehru Foundation for Development
Taltej Tekra, Vastrapur Road
Ahmedabad- 380 054
437

8. Ms. Rani Peter, Haryana
General Secretary
Haryana Nav Yuvak Kala Sangam (HNYKS) “Ishwar Sadan”,
Near Chaubisee Ka Chabutra,
Meham, District : Rohtak- 124 112,
Haryana
9. Shri Nagar Nanda, Member Secretary Himachal Pradesh
State Council for Science, Technology & Environment
Block 34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti
Shimla- 171009
10. Dr. C.M. Seth, Chairperson Jammu
World Wide Fund for Nature-India
Jammu & Kashmir State Office
C/O Centre for Environment Education & Training,
New University campus, Jammu- 180006
11. Shri. Imtiyaz Hussain, Chairman & Chief Executive, Kashmir Including Ladakh
The NGOs Co-ordination Federation (J&K)
Usman Complex Solina,
Srinagar- 190009 (J&K)
12. Ms. Jayanti P. Dutt, Secretary Jharkhand
Gram Vikas Kendra K- 3/57, Hans Stoehr Road, TELCO Colony
Jamshedpur- 831004
13. Prof. K.S. Nataraj, CEO Karnataka
Karnataka Rajya Vijnana Parishat,
Vijnana Bhawan, No. 24/2 & 24/3, 21st Main Road
Banashankari-II Stage, Bangalore- 560070
14. Shri Babu Ambat, Executive Director Kerala, Lakshwadeep &
Center for Environment &Development, Minicoy Island
Thozhuvancode, Vattiyoorkavu P.O., Thiruvananthapuram,
Kerala- 695013
15. Shri. G.G. Sohani, President Maharashtra, Goa & Dadar
BAIF Development Research Foundation Nagar Haveli
BAIF Bhawan, Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar
National Highway No. 4, Wajre,
Pune- 411058
16. Dr. Homeshwar Singh, senior Scientific Officer Manipur
Environment & Ecology Wing
Deptt. Of Environment And forests
Government of Manipur
Porompay, Near D.C. Officer
Imphal (East)- 795001
438

17. Shri Ashok Shah, IAS Madhya Pradesh
Executive Director
Environmental Planning & Coordination Organisation (EPCO)
“Kachnar” Paryavaran ParisarE- 5, Arera Colony, Bhopal- 462016
18. Shri A.C. Zonunmawia, Coordinator & Chairman Mizoram
Center for Environment Protection (CEP)
B-27/ 1, Tuikual South,
Aizwal- 796 001,
Mizoram
19. Shri Rusovil John, Member Secretary Nagaland
Nagaland Pollution Control Board,
Signal Point, Dimapur, Nagaland- 797112
20. Shri P.M. Dash, Programme Officer South Odisha
Centre for Environment Studies,
Forests and Environment Department,
Government of Odisha,
N-1/247, I.R.C. village
Bhubaneshwar- 751 015
21. Shri D.N. Rout, General Secretary North Odisha
Animal Welfare Society of Orissa,
Branch Office: at/ Po- Bhandaripokhari,
Distt.- Bhadrak, Odisha
Head Office: Qr. No. 4R/2, Unit-8 Gopabandhu Square,
Bhubaneshwar- 751012
22. Ms. Neelima Jayarath, Executive Director Punjab & Chandigarh &
Punjab State Council for Science & technology, MG SIPA Uttarakhand
Building, Near Sacred Heart School
Sector -26, Chandigarh-160019
23. Shri Paradeep S. Mehta, Secretary General Rajasthan
Consumer Unity & trust Society(CUTS),
D- 217, Bhaskar Marg, Bani Park,
Jaipur- 302016,
Rajasthan
24. Dr. (Mrs.) Nanditha Krishna, Director Tamil Nadu
C.P. Ramaswamy Aiyar Foundation, The grove, (North) Andaman Nicobar
1- Eldmas Road, Alwerpet, Chennai- 600018
25. Dr. (Mrs.) Nanditha Krishna, Director Puducherry
C.P. Ramaswamy Environmental Education Centre
No. 1-A, Eldams Road,
Chennai- 600018
439

26. Shri J. Paul Bhaskar, Chairman Tamilnadu
Peace Trust, Near Police Colony,
(South)
Trichy Road, Dindigul- 624005,
Tamilnadu
27. Shri Mihir Deb Chairman, Tripura
Tripura State Pollution Control Board
Parivesh Bhawan,
Pandit Nehru Complex,
Gorkhabasti, P.O.- Kunjaban
Agartala-799006
28. Shri S.T. Lachungpa Sikkim
PCCF- Cum- Secretary and Chairman, State Environment
Agency Forest, Environment and Wild Management
Department, Government of Sikkim
Gangtok- 737101
29. Dr. B.C. Shrivastava, Secretary Uttar Pradesh (East)
Shohratgarh Environment Society
Premkunj, 9, Adarsh Colony, Shohratgarh
Siddhartha Nagar Distt. 272205 (U.P.)
30. Prof. Gauri Ghatak, Director- Convenor West Bengal
School of Fundamental Research
(Except Darjeeling Hilly Areas
29, Pratapaditya Road
and Silliguri)
Kolkata- 700026
31. Dr. Bharat Prakash Rai, Secretary Darjeeling Hilly Areas & Siliguri
Federation of Societies for Environmental Protection (FOSEP),
Dr. S.M. Das Road, Red Cross Building, Darjelling- 734101
32. Sh. B.S. Sajwan Arunachal Pradesh
Principle Chief Conservator of Forests & Principle Secretary,
Department of Environment & Forests
‘P’- sector, Government of Arunachal Pradesh,
Itanagar- 791111
The Director,
State Forest Research Institute cum Chair person,
Arunachal Pradesh Forest Research and
Development Agency (A.P.F.R.D.A.),
Van Vihar, Itanagar, P.b. No. 159, Arunachal Pradesh
33. Shri V.K. Nautiyal, IFS, PCCF/ Chief Conservator of Forests, Meghalaya
Social Forestry
Principle of Chief Conservator of Forests
Dept. of Forests and Environment
Govt. of Meghalaya, Sylvan House, Lower Lachumiere,
Shillong- 793001 Meghalaya
440
Annexure-IX
List of ENVIS Centres
S. No. Name Communication Linkage (Head of Organisation/ Subject Area

Coordinator/Address)
ENVIS Institutional Centres (Subject Specific)
1. Central Pollution Shri G. Ganesh, ENVIS Coordinator (9213828705) Control of
Control Board (CPCB) Parivesh Bhawan, East Arjun Nagar, Delhi-110 032 Pollution (Water,
Phone: 011-22301932, 43102258 Air and Noise)
Fax: 011-22304948, 22301932, 43102258
Email: cpcb-envi@nic.in
URL: www.cpcbenvis.nic.in
2. Indian Institute of Dr. K.C. Gupta, Director Toxic Chemicals
Toxicology Research Shri Shailendra Kumar Gupta, ENVIS Coordinator
(IITR) Post Box No.80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg,
Lucknow-226 001, Uttar Pradesh
Phone+91-522-2284591, +91-522-2627586, 2613786
(Ext. 308) Mobile: 0 9839533951
Fax: +91-522-2628227, 2611547
Email: itrc@envis.nic.in, envis@iitr.res.in,
director@iitrindia.org
URL: www.itrcenvis.nic.in
3. National Institute of Dr. P.K. Nag, Director Environmental
Occupational Health Dr. Sunil Kumar, ENVIS Coordinator and
(NIOH) Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380016 Occupational
Phone: 079-22688842 Health
Fax: 079-22686361,22686110
Coordinator : 09426395738
Email: nioh@envis.nic.in, sunilnioh@yahoo.com
URL: www.niohenvis.nic.in
4. Centre for Ecological Prof. R. Sukumar, Chairman Western Ghats
Sciences - Indian Dr. T.V. Ramachandran, ENVIS Coordinator Ecology and
Institute of Science Bengaluru, Karnataka-560 012, Bengaluru Biodiversity
(IISc) Phone: 91- 080-22933099, 23600985, 22932506,
23601428, 23600085, 23600683
Email: envis@ces.iisc.ernet.in, cestvr@ces.iisc.ernet.in
URL: http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/biodiversity
441

5. Centre for Advanced Prof. Dr. K. Kathiresan, Director and ENVIS Mangroves,
Study in Marine Coordinator Estuaries,
Biology (CASMB) Annamalai University, Lagoons, Coral
Parangipettai-608 502, Tamil Nadu Reefs
Phone: 04144-243223, 243533
Fax: 04144- 243555/243641
Email: stbcas@nic.in, stbcas@gmail.com,
casmb-env@nic.in, casenvis@gmail.com
URL: casmbenvis.nic.in
6. Zoological Survey of Dr. K. Venkataraman, Director Faunal Bio
India (ZSI) Dr. A. Chattopadhyay ENVIS Coordinator diversity
Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block, New Alipore,
Kolkata-700053, West Bengal
Phone: 033-24002360 (Extn.292)
Coordinator: 09339382386
Fax: 033-24006893
Email: zsi@envis.nic.in, drachatto@yahoo.com
URL: zsienvis.nic.in
7. Centre for Mining Prof. D. C. Panigrahi, Director Environmental
Environment (CME) Dr. Asim Kumar Pal, Prof & ENVIS Coordinator Problems of
Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad-826004, Jharkhand Mining
Phone: 0326-2296624/25, Coordinator: 09939160256
Fax: 0326-2296624, 2296603
Email: ism@envis.nic.in, palasim2003@yahoo.co.in
URL: http://ismenvis.nic.in/
8. National Shri Prakash Kumbhare, Hazardous
Environmental ENVIS Coordinator (9423063927, 0712-2249782) Waste
Engineering Research Nehru Marg, Nagpur-440020, Maharashtra
Institute (NEERI) Phone: 0712-2226026,2226071, 2249885
Fax: 0712-2225191, 2249782, 2249900
Email: neeri@envis.nic.in, ps_kumbhare@neeri.res.in
URL: neerienvis.nic.in
9. G.B. Pant Institute Dr. L.M.S. Palni, Director Himalayan
of Himalayan Dr. P.P. Dhyani, ENVIS Coordinator Ecology
Environment and Kosi – Katarmal, Almora-263643, Uttarakhand
Development Phone: 05962-241041,241153 (Extn.54), 241015
(GBPIHED) Coordinator : 09412092189
Fax: 05962-241014/15, 241150, 241153
Email: gbpihed@envis.nic.in, himenvis@gbpihed.nic.
in
URL: gbpihed.nic.in
442

10. Botanical Survey of Dr. Paramjit Singh, Director, BSI Floral
India (BSI) Dr. P. Lakshminarasimhan, Project In-Charge, Biodiversity
ENVIS CENTRE, ENVIS Centre on Floral Diversity
CNH Building, 3rd Floor,
AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden,
P.O. Botanic garden, Howrah-711103, West Bengal
Phone: 033-26683235, 26680667 Fax: 033-26686226
Email: bsi@envis.nic.in,
bsi_headquarter@rediffmail com,
envis@cal2.vsnl.net.in
URL: bsienvis.nic.in
11. Forest Research Dr. S.S. Negi, IFS, Director Forestry
Institute (FRI) Shri Shailendra Kaushik, ENVIS Coordinator
National Forest Library & Information Centre,
Indian Council of Forestry Research Education
New forest - P.O., Dehradun-248006, Uttarakhand
Phone: 0135-2756414 Fax: 0135-2756865
Email: fri@envis.nic.in,
kaushikshail@yahoo.com, kaushiks@icfre.org
URL: frienvis.nic.in
12. Wildlife Institute of Dr. P.R. Sinha Director Wildlife and
India (WII) Dr. V.B. Mathur, ENVIS Coordinator Protected Area
PO Box NO. 18, Chandrabani, Management
Dehradun-248001, Uttarakhand
Phone: 0135-2040111-15 (Extn.202)
Fax: 0135-2640117
Email: wii@envis.nic.in, envis@wii.gov.in
URL: wiienvis.nic.in
13. State Council Shri A.K. Srivastava, IAS, Secretary, Eco-Tourism
of Science and Dept. of Science & Technology
Technology for Shri Dorji Thinlay Bhutia, ENVIS Coordinator
Sikkim (SCSTS) Deorali, Gangtok-737 102, Sikkim
Phone: 03592-208940, 205551,
Fax: 0359-2208764, 2228764
Email: scsts@envis.nic.in,
dthinlay@hotmail.com, dthinlay@yahoo.co.in
URL: scstsenvis.nic.in
443

14. Central Arid Zone Dr. M.M. Roy, Director Desertification
Research Institute Shri Tirth Das, ENVIS Coordinator
(CAZRI) Dr. Raheja Library, Jodhpur-342 003, Rajasthan
Phone: 0291- 2788706 Coordinator: 09829586846
Tel.: 0291-2786584
Fax: 291-788706
Email: cazri@envis.nic.in, tdas@cazri.res.in
URL: cazrienvis.nic.in
15. Department of Col. Dr. G. Thiruvasagam (Vice-Chancellor) Microorganisms
Zoology - University Prof. N. Munuswamy, Hon. Director and and
of Madras ENVIS Coordinator environmental
Life Science Building, Guindy Campus, management
Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu
Phone: 044-22300899 Mobile: 09884171947
Fax: 044-22300899
Email: dzum@envis.nic.in,
enviscoordinator@gmail.com,
munuswamynm@yahoo.com
URL: dzumenvis.nic.in
16. Institute for Ocean Prof. R. Ramesh, Director and ENVIS Coordinator Coastal
Management (IOM) Koodal Building, Anna University, Regulation Zone
Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu Management
Phone: 044-22330108, 22200159, 22203408 and Coastal
Mobile: 9840966299 Fax: 044-22200158 Shelter Belts
Email: iom@envis.nic.in,
rramesh_au@yahoo.com, ramesh@annauniv.edu
URL: iomenvis.nic.in
17. Indian Institute of Prof. B.N. Goswami, Director Acid Rain and
Tropical Meteorology Dr. Gufran Beig , Scientist F & ENVIS Coordinator Atmospheric
(IITM) Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pollution
Pune-411 008, Maharashtra
Phone: 020-25904200, 25893825 (Extn. 261, 212)
Mobile: 09423018580 Fax: 020-25893825
Email: iitm@envis.nic.in,
goswami@tropmet.res.in, beig@tropmet.res.in
URL: iitmenvis.nic.in, envis.tropmet.res.in
18. Indian Institute of Dr. J.S. Yadav, Director Bioinformatics -
Chemical Technology Dr. U.Suryanarayana Murthy, ENVIS Coordinator Vector Control
(IICT) Habsiguda, Uppal Road, Hyderabad-500 007,
Andhra Pradesh
Phone: 040-27193134 Fax: 040-27193227
Coordinator: +91-9440802794
Email: iict@envis.nic.in, usnmurty@iict.res.in
URL: iictenvis.nic.in
444

19. Central Building Prof. S.K. Bhattacharya, Director Fly Ash
Research Institute Dr. L.P. Singh, ENVIS Coordinator
(CBRI) Roorkee-247 667, Uttarakhand
Phone: 01332-283442, 272391, 2722432
Mobile: 09837031050
Fax: 01332-272272, 272543
Email: cbri@envis.nic.in, lpsingh.cbri@nic.in,
lpsingh@cbri.in
URL: cbrienvis.nic.in
20. National Botanical Dr. C.S. Nautiyal - Director Indicators of
Research Institute Dr. Nandita Singh, ENVIS Coordinator Plant Pollution
(NBRI) Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226 001, Uttar Pradesh
Phone: 0522-2205847, 2205839, 2297931
Fax: 0522-2205847
Email: nbri@envis.nic.in,
n.singh@nbri.res.in, nanditasingh8@yahoo.com
URL: nbrienvis.nic.in
21. Gujarat Cleaner Shri Bharat P. Jain , Member Secretary Cleaner
Production Centre Ms. Chinkal Patel, Coordinator Production &
(GCPC) Block No.4, 3rd Floor, Udyog Bhawan, Technology
Sector-11, Gandhi Nagar-382 017, Gujarat
Phone: 079- 23244147
Fax: 079-23244306
Mobile: 09898876827
Email: gcpc@envis.nic.in, gcpc11@yahoo.com
URL: gcpcgujarat.org/envis
22. Department of Prof. Alok Kumar Banerjee Environmental
Environmental Prof. S.C. Santra, ENVIS Coordinator Biotechnology
Sciences (DES) University of Kalyani, Kalyani Distt. Nadia
West Bengal - 741235
Phone: 033-25808749 Fax: 033-25828282
scsantra@yahoo.com,desku@envis.nic.in
URL: deskuenvis.nic.in
23. School of Planning Prof. A. K. Sharma, Director Human
and Architecture Prof. Meenakshi Dhote, ENVIS Coordinator Settlement
(SPA) 4 B, Block, Indraprastha Estate, New Delhi-110002
Phone: 011-23702393 Coordinator: 09313508547
Fax: 011-23702383
Email: spa-env@nic.in,
spa@envis.nic.in, m.dhote@spa.ac.in
URL: spaenvis.nic.in
445

24. School of Shri Sandeep Chatterjee, Registrar Bio-
Environmental Prof. Sudha Bhattacharya, Dean, geochemistry
Sciences School of Environmental Sciences,
JNU & ENVIS Coordinator
Jawaharlal Nehru
Dr. Yadav (ENVIS In-charge, 9968077736)
University (JNU)
New Delhi-110 067, India
Phone: 011-26704315
Fax: 26741502
Email: envis@mail.jnu.ac.in
URL: jnuenvis.nic.in
25. Environment Shri Indrajit Pal, IAS, Director General Ecology of
Protection Training Dr. Razia Sultana, Director and ENVIS Coordinator Eastern Ghats
and Research 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032,
Institute (EPTRI) Andhra Pradesh
Phone: 040-2323180103, 23180114
Fax: 040-23180135
Email: eptri@envis.nic.in, razia@eptri.com
URL: eptrienvis.nic.in
26. International Dr. F. Ram, Director Population,
Institute for Dr. R.B. Bhagat, ENVIS Coordinator Human
Population Sciences Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Settlement and
(IIPS) Mumbai-400 088, Maharashtra Environment
Phone: 022-42372412, 42372473
Fax: 022-25563257
Email: iip@envis.nic.in, popenvis123@rediffmail.com,
director@iips.net, rbbhagat@iips.net
URL: iipsenvis.nic.in
27. The Energy Resources Dr. R.K. Pachauri , Director General Renewable
Institute (TERI) Shri P.K. Bhattacharya, ENVIS Coordinator Energy and
Darbari Seth Block, Habitat Centre, Environment
Lodi Road, New Delhi-110 003
Phone: 011-24682100, 24682111, 41504900
Fax: 011-246821 44/45
Email: teri@envis.nic.in, envis@teri.res.in,
pkbhatta@teri.res.in
URL: terienvis.nic.in
446

28. World Wide Fund for Shri Ravi Singh, Secretary General and CEO NGOs and
Nature – India (WWF) Shri G. Areendran, ENVIS Coordinator Parliament
Indira Gandhi Conservation
Monitoring Centre (IGCMC),
172-B, Lodhi Estate, New Delhi-110 003
Phone: 011-41504791, 41504793
Fax: 011-41504779, 24691226
Email: wwf@envis.nic.in, gareendran@wwfindia.net,
ravisingh@wwfindia.net, rkumar@wwfindia.net
URL: wwfenvis.nic.in
29. Centre for Shri Kartikeya V. Sarabhai, Director Environmental
Environment Ms Sarita Thakore, ENVIS Coordinator Education
Education (CEE) Nehru Foundation for Development,
Taltej Tekra, Ahmedabad-380 054, Gujarat
Phone: 079-26844795, 26858002-05, 26858011
Fax: 079-26858010
Email: cee@envis.nic.in, cee.envis@ceeindia.org,
sarita.thakore@ceeindia.org,
rajeswari.namagiri@ceeindia.org
URL: greenteacher.org
30. Centre for Media Dr. N. Baskara Rao , Chairman Communication
Studies (CMS) Mr Anand A Jha, ENVIS Coordinator (9582254615) and Electronic
Research House, B-34, Community Centre, Media
Saket, New Delhi-110 017, Delhi
Phone: 011-26851660, 26522255,
26522244 26856429
Fax: 011-26968282
Email: cms@envis.nic.in,cmsenvis@cmsindia.org
URL: cmsenvis.nic.in
31. Bombay Natural Dr. Asad R. Rahmani , Director & ENVIS Coordinator Avian Ecology
History Society Hornbill House, Dr. Salim Ali Chowk,
(BNHS) Saheed Bhagat Singh Road,
Mumbai-400 001, Maharashtra
Phone: 022-22818967 Coordinator: 022-22821811
Fax: 022-22837615
Email: bnhs@envis.nic.in, envis@bnhs.org
URL: bnhsenvis.nic.in
447

32. Consumer Education Shri Kalyan Bose, Hon. Director (Admn.) Eco-Labeling
and Research Centre Ms Gauri Wagenaar, and Eco-Friendly
(CERC) ENVIS Coordinator (09825965263) Products
Suraksha Sankool, Thaltej, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar
Highway, Ahmedabad-380 054, Gujarat
Phone: 079-27489945-46, 27450528, 27451097
Fax: 079-27489947
Email: cerc@envis.nic.in, cerc@cercindia.org
URL: enviscerc.org
33. CPR Environmental Dr. (Mrs.) Nanditha C, Krishna , Hon. Director Conservation
Education Centre Shri P.Sudhakar, ENVIS Coordinator of Ecological
(CPREEC) 1, Eldams Road, Alwarpet, Heritage and
Chennai-600 018, Tamil Nadu Sacred Sites in
Phone: 044-24346526, 24337023, 24341778 India
Coordinator: 094442 54831
Fax: 044-24320756
Email: cpreec@envis.nic.in,
cpreec@vsnl.com , cpreec@gmail.com
URL: cpreecenvis.nic.in
34. Foundation for Dr. Padma Venkat, Director Conservation of
Revitalization Ms. Suma TS, ENVIS Coordinator Medicinal Plants
of Local Health 74/2, Jarakbande Kaval, Yelahanka,
Traditions (FRLHT) via Attu PO, Bengaluru-560 064, Karnataka
Phone: 080-28565847, 28568007,
28565873, 28568000
Fax: 080-28565895, 28567926
Email: frlht@envis.nic.in,
envis@frlht.org, suma.tagadur@frlht.org
URL: frlhtenvis.nic.in
35. International Dr. Namita Mathur, Head & ENVIS Coordinator Hygiene,
Institute of Health Sulabh Bhawan, Mahavir Enclave, New Delhi-110 045 Sanitation,
and Hygiene Phone: 011-25058941 Coordinator: 9810055105 Sewage
Fax: 011-25034014 Treatment
Email: sulabh@envis.nic.in Systems and
URL: sulabhenvis.nic.in Technology
36. Indian Centre Shri K.G. Ramanathan , President Management
for Plastic in the Shri T.K. Bandopadhyay, ENVIS Coordinator of Plastic,
Environment (ICPE) OLYMPUS House, 2nd Floor, 25, Raghunath Dadaji Polymers and
Street (Near Fort House - Formerly Handloom Biopolymers
House), Fort, Mumbai – 400 001
Phone: 022-22617137, 22617165, 40022491
Fax: 022-22617168, 09323296499
Email: icpe@envis.nic.in, icpe@vsnl.net
URL: icpeenvis.nic.in
448

37. Salim Ali Centre for Dr. P.A. Azeez, Director Wetland
Ornithology and Dr. Goldin Quadros, ENVIS Coordinator Ecosystem
Natural History Anaikatty P.O., Coimbatore-641 108, Tamil Nadu (including
(SACON) Phone: 0422-2203130, (Reception)- 0422-2203100 inland wetlands)
/2203109, (Director): 0422-2203101,
(Coordinator) - 0422-2203128, 09869183412
Email: sacon@envis.nic.in,
salimalicentre@gmail.com, goldinq@yahoo.com
URL: wetlandsofindia.org
38. Indian Environmental Dr. Desh Bandhu, President and ENVIS Coordinator Role of
Society (IES) Vidhata House, Vikas Marg, Shakarpur, Delhi-110092 Panchayats in
Phone: 011-22046823,22450749 Environment
Fax: 011-22523311
Email: iesenro@vsnl.com, iesindia@gmail.com
URL: iesenvis.nic.in
39. Nagaland Institute of Dr. Inakhe Sumi, Status of
Health, Environment Honorary Director and Senior Program Officer Environment
and Social Welfare Mr. Vitsu Yhome, ENVIS Coordinator and Related
(NIHESW) Opposite to Commissioner’s Office, Issues
Old Secretariat Complex, Kohima-797 001, Nagaland
Phone: 0370-2292086
Fax: 0370-2240626, 2245615, 2240180
Mob: +91-8974519317/+91-9402992786
Email: nag@envis.nic.in, nihesw@yahoo.com,
vitsu84@yahoo.com
URL: nagenvis.nic.in
ENVIS Government Centres (State Government)
40. Environment Shri Indrajit Pal, IAS, Director General Status of
Protection Training Dr. Razia Sultana, Director and ENVIS Coordinator Environment
and Research 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, and Related
Institute (EPTRI) Andhra Pradesh Issues
Phone: 040-23180103, 23180114,
Fax: 040-23180135
Email: ap@envis.nic.in, soeapri.eg@gmail.com,
emailrazia@yahoo.com
URL: apenvis.nic.in
449

41. Assam Science, Dr. Satyendra Kumar Choudhury, Director Status of
Technology and Shri Jaideep Baruah, ENVIS Coordinator Environment
Environmental Bigyan Bhawan, G.S. Road, Guwahati-781005, Assam and Related
Council Phone: 0361-2464621/2464619 Issues
Mobile: 09435032706, 09435102089
Telefax: 0361-2464617
Email: asm@envis.nic.in, astec-asm@nic.in,
nverma2000@gmail.com, j.baruah@nic.in
URL: asmenvis.nic.in
42. Bihar State Pollution Prof. Subhash Chandra Singh, Status of
Control Board Chairman (9771433445) Environment
Shri Rakesh Kumar, IFS, Member Secretary & and Related
ENVIS Coordinator Issues
Beltron Bhawan, 2nd Floor, Lal Bhadur Shastri Nagar,
Patna-800 023, Bihar
Phone: 0612-2281250, 2291709, 2281050
Fax: 0612-2291709, 2281050
Email: bh@envis.nic.in
URL: bhenvis.nic.in
43. Chhattisgarh Shri P.V. Narsinghrao, Member Secretary Status of
Environment Shri A.P. Savant, ENVIS Coordinator (9685095435) Environment
Conservation Board Shri Hunkar Singh, Programme Officer (8656070712) and Related
Commercial Complex, Chhattisgarh Housing Board Issues
Colony, Kabir Nagar, Raipur-492 001, Chhattisgarh
Phone: 0771-2443923, 24; 2425523
Fax: 0771-2443924, 2425585
Email: cht@envis.nic.in, hocecb@gmail.com
URL: enviscecb.org/links.htm
44. Goa State Council of Mr. Lewinson Martin, Member Secretary and Director Status of
Science & Technology GSCST Mob.: 08390908284, 0832-2438528F Environment
Shri Joseph D’Souza, Chief Scientist & and Related
ENVIS Coordinator (09623255354) Issues
Saligao Plateau, Saligao, Bardez-403 511, Goa
Telefax: 0832-2407012
Email:josephste@rediffmail.com
URL: goaenvis.nic.in
45. Gujarat Ecology Shri C.H. Pandya, Director (09825030698) Status of
Commission (GEC) Shri Nischal Joshi, Sr. Project Manager/Coordinator Environment
Block No.18/1, Udyog Bhavan, Sector-11, and Related
Gandhinagar-382017, Gujarat Issues
Phone: 079-23257658, 23257659,
(Coordinator: 09825021373)
Fax: 079-23257656
Email: guj@envis.nic.in, gec_icef@rediffmail.com,
nischal.joshi2@gmail.com
URL: gujenvfor.gswan.gov.in
450

46. State Council for Shri E. Vikram, IFS, Jt. Member Secretary(EC) Status of
Science, Technology Dr. Alka Sharma, ENVIS Coordinator Environment
and Environment B-34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, and Related
(SCSTE) Shimla-171 009, Himachal Pradesh Issues
Phone: 0177-2621992,2620998, 2622923, 2633923,
(Coordinator: 09816462200)
Fax: 0177-2620998
Email: hp@envis.nic.in
URL: hpenvis.nic.in
47. Directorate of Shri Suresh Chugh, (IFS), Director Status of
Environment and Mrs. Mutaharra A W Deva, Environment
Remote Sensing ENVIS Coordinator (09419015370) and Related
J&K SDA Complex, Bemina, Srinagar Issues
Phone: 0194-2490823
Gladni Narwal Jammu
May-Oct Phone: 0194-2490823, 2454847
Nov –Apr 0191-2490020 TeleFax: 0194-2490823
Email: jk@envis.nic.in, mutaharradeva@gmail.com,
jkenviscentre@gmail.com
URL: jkenvis.nic.in
48. Forests & Shri A. K. Singhi IFS, Status of
Environment Principal Chief Conservator of Forests, Environment
Department, Govt. of Shri Shashi Nandkeolyar, IFS - Conservator of Forests, and Related
Jharkhand Plantation Research and Evaluation and Issues
ENVIS Coordinator
Forests & Environment Department
Doranda, Ranchi-834 002, Jharkhand
Phone: 0651- 2482294
Fax: 0651-2480655, (Coordinator: 09431364084)
Email: jhar@envis.nic.in, akm_1954@yahoo.co.in
URL: jharenvis.nic.in
49. Environment Shri R.M.N. Sahai, IFS, Director General Status of

Management & Policy Shiva Subramanya S, ENVIS Coordinator Environment
Institute (EMPRI) Department of Forests, Environment and Ecology, and Related
Govt. of Karnataka, Hasiru Bhawan, Doresanipalya, Issues
Forest Campus, Vinayaka Nagar Circle,
J.P. Nagar, 5th Phase, Bangaluru-560078, Karnataka
Phone: 080-26490746/47, Coordinator: 9448059518
Fax: 080-26490745
Email: empri@envis.nic.in, empri.envis@gmail.com
URL: parisaramahiti.kar.nic.in, karenvis.nic.in
451

50. Kerala State Prof. V N Rajasekharan Pillai, Status of
Council for Science, Ex. Vice President, (KSCSTE), Environment
Technology and Dr. Kamalakshan Kokkal, and Related
Environment Principal Scientific Officer & ENVIS Coordinator Issues
Sasthra Bhawan, Pattom P.O.,
(KSCSTE)
Thiruvananthapuram-695 004, Kerala
Phone: 0471-2548210/99, 2543701/05
Coordinator: 09447489587, 0471-2548213
Fax: 0471-2543558, 2540085
Email: ker@envis.nic.in, kscste@gmail.com, mailto@
kscste.org drkokkal@yahoo.com,
envkerala@gmail.com
URL: kerenvis.nic.in
51. Disaster Shri Manohar Dubey, Executive Director Status of
Management Dr. Rakesh Dubey , ENVIS Coordinator and Environment
Institute (DMI) Director DMI and Related
Housing and Environment Department, Issues
Paryavaran Parisar,E-5,Arera Colony,P.B.No.563,
Bhopal-462 016, Madhya Pradesh
Phone: 0755-2466715, 2461538, 2461348, 5293592
Fax: 0755-2466653
Coordinator- 09893250923
Email: mp@envis.nic.in, dmibpl@sancharnet.in,
rakeshddubey@hotmail.com
URL: mpenvis.nic.in
52. State Environment Mrs. Valsa R. Nair Singh (IAS), Secretary (Environment Status of
Department, Department), Government of Maharashtra Environment
Government of Dr. B.N. Patil, ENVIS Coordinator (9869942395) and Related
Maharashtra New Administrative Building, 15th Floor, Issues
Madam Cama Marg, Mantralaya,
Mumbai-400 032, Maharashtra
Phone: 022-22854707, 22855082
Fax: 022-22025946, 22813947
Email: mah@envis.nic.in,
envis.maharashtra@gmail.com
URL: mahenvis.nic.in
53. Dept. of Environment Dr. M. Homeshowor Singh, Chairman, Project Status of
and Forests, Implementation Committee, Senior Scientific Officer Environment
Manipur Dr. Y. Nabachandra Singh, ENVIS Coordinator and Related
Porompat (Near DC Imphal-East), Issues
Imphal (East)-795 010, Manipur
Phone: 0385-2227625
Coordinator: 09436035880, 09436038970
Fax: 0385-2227625, 2446670
Email: man@envis.nic.in, brajakumar_t@yahoo.com
URL: manenvis.nic.in
452

54. Mizoram Pollution RC. Thanga (IFS Rtd), Chairman, Status of
Control Board Mizoram Pollution Control Board Environment
C. Lalduhawma, Member Secretary & ENVIS and Related
Coordinator (0 919436142012) Issues
K Vanlalfamkima, Sr PO (09774217908, 9862809075)
Ms. Elizabeth, Web Asstt. (09436192247)
Silver House, Tuikhuahtlang,
Aizwal-796 001, Mizoram
Phone: 0389-2316591, 2326173,
231184, 09436142012
Fax: 0389-2316591, 2316590
Email: miz@envis.nic.in, mpcb_azl@yahoo.com
URL: mizenvis.nic.in
55. Centre for Dr. Ms Sailabala Padhi, Director, Status of
Environmental Shri Pravat Mohan Dash, ENVIS Coordinator Environment
Studies (CES) Forest & Environment Department, and Related
Government of Odisha, Issues
N-1/247, IRC Village, Nayapalli,
Bhubaneswar-751 015, Odisha
Phone: 0674-2551853, 2551853
Coordinator: 0 9438186037
Fax: 0674-2553182
Email: ori@envis.nic.in, cesorissa@rediffmail.com,
pravatmohandash@gmail.com
URL: orienvis.nic.in
56. Punjab State Council Ms. Neelima Jerath , Executive Director Status of
for Science and Shri Gurharminder Singh, ENVIS Coordinator Environment
Technology (PSCST) MGSIPA Complex, Second Floor, Adj. Sacred Heart and Related
School, Sector-26, Chandigarh-160 019, Punjab Issues
Phone: 0172-2792325,2795001, 2793300, Ext. 140
Fax: 0172-2793143
Email: pun@envis.nic.in, harminder1978@gmail.com,
neelimajerath@pscst.com,
ravleenmarwah@gmail.com
URL: punenvis.nic.in
57. Rajasthan State Dr. V. S. Singh, Chairman Status of
Pollution Control Shri Ashok Puri, Sr. Environmental Engineer and Environment
Board ENVIS Coordinator (9413340882, 9667575991) and Related
4, Institutional Area, Jhalana Doongari, Issues
Jaipur-302 004, Rajasthan
Phone: 0141-2705731, 2707285,2711263
Fax: 0141-2709980
Email: raj@envis.nic.in, member-secretary@rpcb.nic.in
dnpandey@gmail.com, singhalvijai@gmail.com
URL: rajenvis.nic.in
453

58. Forests, Environment Shri. Arvind Kumar, Status of
& Wildlife IFS PCCF-cum-Addl Chief Secretary Environment
Management Shri. B. K. Tewari, IFS Conservator of Forests and Related
Department, Sikkim (Environment) and ENVIS Coordinator Issues
ENVIS Centre Sikkim, Forest Secretariat Annex-II,
Ground Floor, Room No.1101/1102,
Deorali, Gangtok-737 102, Sikkim (East)
Phone: 03592-280381, Coordinator: 09434109635
Fax: 03592-281778
Email: sik@envis.nic.in
URL: sikenvis.nic.in
59. Department of Dr. H. Malleshappa, I.F.S., Director of Environment Status of
Environment, Tamil Shri J.D. Marcus Knight, ENVIS Coordinator Environment
Nadu #1, Jeenis Road, 4th Floor Down, Panagal Building, and Related
Saidapet, Chennai-600 015, Tamil Nadu Issues
Phone: 044-24331243, 24336421,
Fax: 044-24336594
Email: tn@envis.nic.in, tndoe@tn.nic.in
URL: tnenvis.nic.in
60. Tripura State Prof. Mihir Deb, Chairman Status of
Pollution Control Shri Manas Mukherjee, ENVIS Coordinator Environment
Board Parivesh Bhawan, Pandit Nehru Complex, and Related
Gorkhabasti, P.O. Kunjaban, Issues
Agartala-799 006, Tripura
Phone: 0381-2322462, 2306233,
Fax: 0381-2322455
Email: mukherjee_manas@rediffmail.com,
trippcb@sancharnet.in, trp@envis.nic.in,
tripuraenvis@rediffmail.com
URL: trpenvis.nic.in
61. Directorate of Shri O.P. Verma, Director(I/C) Status of
Environment - Uttar Shri R.K. Sardana, Jt.Director-cum-Chief Environment
Pradesh Appraisal and ENVIS Coordinator and Related
Vinit Khand-1, Gomti Nagar, Issues
Lucknow-226 020, Uttar Pradesh
Phone: 0522-2300541, Coordinator: 09450777908
Fax: 0522-2300543
Email: up@envis.nic.in, doeuplko@yahoo.com,
vikascagrawal@yahoo.com
URL: upenvis.nic.in
454

62. Uttarakhand Mr. Jai Raj, Member Secretary Status of
Environment Shri Amarjeet Singh Oberai, ENVIS Coordinator Environment
Protection & E-115, Nehru Colony, Hardwar Road, and Related
Pollution Control Dehradun-248011, Uttarakhand Issues
Board (UEPPCB) Phone: 0135-2668922, Coordinator: 09412085568
Fax: 0135-2668092
Email: ms.ueppcb@gmail.com, utr@envis.nic.in,
asoberai@yahoo.com
URL: utrenvis.nic.in
63. Department of Shri D. V. Negi, PCCF Status of
Environment and Shri S.H.K Murti, DCF (Planning & Monitoring) & Environment
Forest - Andaman ENVIS Coordinator (03192-244664, and Related
and Nicobar WLL No. 03192200995, murtigis@hotmail.com) Issues
Van Sadan, Haddo P.O., Port Blair-744 102,
Andaman and Nicobar
Phone: 03192-233233,234430,
Fax: 03192-230113, 244664
Email: an@envis.nic.in, pccfani@gmail.com,
apccfpd2010@gmail.com
URL: as.and.nic.in/envis
64. Forest Department Shri Richard D’Souza, Chairman Status of
(Wildlife Division), Dr. N. Palanikanth (07567676668, Environment
Union Territories of vetpalani@gmail.com) and Related
Dadra & Nagar Haveli Deputy Conservator of Forests (WL) / ENVIS Issues
and Daman & Diu Van Bhavan, Opp. Gujarat Industrial Bank, Silvassa,
Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli,
Pin – 396 230
Phone: 0260 – 2643048, 02638-2230963,
2230524, 9825515965
Fax: 02638-2230804
Email: dd@envis.nic.in, envisddd@gmail.com
65. Department of Shri. Ishwar Singh, Director, Status of
Environment – Shri P.J.S. Dadhwal, ENVIS Coordinator Environment
Chandigarh Chandigarh Administration, Addl.Town Hall Building and Related
2nd Floor, Sector 17-C, Chandigarh-160 001, Punjab Issues
Phone: 0172-2700065, 0172- 2700311,
9646712399 (SPO)
Fax: 0172- 2700149
Email: ch@envis.nic.in, dadhwalpjsd@gmail.com
URL: chenvis.nic.in
455

66. Puducherry Pollution M. Dwarakanath, Director, Status of
Control Committee Department of Science, Technology & Environment Environment
Dr. N. Ramesh, ENVIS Coordinator and Related
IIIrd Floor, Pondicherry Housing Board Building, Issues
Anna Nagar, Puducherry-605 005, Puducherry
Phone: 0413-2201256, Mobile: 0 9443329141
Fax: 0413-2203494
Email: pon@envis.nic.in, envis.pon@nic.in,
dste.pon@nic.in
URL: dstepuducherry.gov.in/envis1.htm
456
Annexure-X
Performance Evaluation Report of RFD for 2011-12
Objective Weight Action Success Unit Weight Target / Criteria Value Achievement Performance Achieve- Performance
Indicator ment
Excellent Very Fair Poor Raw Weigh-
Good Score ted Score
1 Afforestation and 16.00 (b) Employment Number 6.40 22 18 15 12 9 18 90.0 5.76
Regeneration of Mainstreaming generation (million man-
Degraded Forests livelihood issues number of days)
with afforestation man-days
programmes generated
(a) Approval (i) Approval Number 4.80 28 22 20 18 16 26 96.67 4.64
of State FDA of State FDA
proposals for proposals
regeneration of within 45 days
degraded forests of receipt.
(ii) Extent of lakh Ha 3.20 0.55 0.47 0.42 0.37 0.30 1.39528 100.0 3.2
treatment area
for which NAP
projects
approved
(c) Constitution of Date 0.64 30/06/2011 31/08/2011 31/10/2011 31/12/2011 29/02/2012 30/06/2011 100.0 0.64
Organisational Advisory
457
setup for Council/com-
Implementation mittee
of Green
India Mission
(d) Plan of action (i) Planning Date 0.64 31/12/2011 31/01/2012 29/02/2012 31/03/2012 31/12/2011 100.0 0.64
for manual and
Implementation operational
of the Green guidelines
India Mission (ii) One year Date 0.32 31/01/2012 29/02/2012 15/03/2012 30/03/2012 N/A N/A
bridging plan
for the year
2011-12
2. Protection of 7.00 Strengthening of (i) Number Number 2.10 30 25 23 20 18 49 100.0 2.1
Forests forest protection of proposals
and management approved
in States/UTs within 60 days
by providing of receipt.
financial
assistance
(ii) Utilisation % 2.10 95 85 80 75 70 98 100.0 2.1
of budget
allocation
Number Number 2.80 26 24 22 20 18 N/A N/A
of SFDA
supported
Indicator ment
3 Conservation of 10.00 (a) Treatment Creation mld 7.50 300 270 240 210 180 241 80.33 6.02
River and Lakes of municipal of sewage
sewage falling treatment
into the rivers capacity
(b) Pollution Number of Number 2.50 5 4 3 2 1 4 90.0 2.25
abatement lakes where
works/ rejuvenation
rejuvenation of works to be
lakes completed
4 In situ and Ex-situ 12.00 (a) In situ Number of number 8.00 400 375 360 350 340 422 100.0 8.0
Conservation of Conservation: protected
Fauna and Flora Strengthening of areas including
infrastructure in tiger reserves
protected areas and elephant
including tiger reserves
reserves and provided
elephant reserves financial
assistance
(b) In Ex-situ
Conservation:
To provide Number of number 4.00 36 32 30 28 26 34 95.0 3.8
financial zoos provided
assistance to zoos financial
458
for improved assistance
infrastructure for
conservation of
animals
5 Ex-situ 5.00 (a) To provide Financial number 2.50 14 12 10 8 6 6 60.0 1.5
Conservation of financial assistance
Rare Endangered, assistance to 12 provided
Threatened (RET) existing botanic to existing
and Endemic gardens and to botanic

Plants and their two Lead Botanic gardens and
multiplication Gardens lead botanic
gardens
(b) To ensure ex- Ex-situ number 2.50 100 80 70 60 50 250 100.0 2.5
situ conservation conservation
of atleast 100 of RET and
RET and endemic endemic
species species
6 To Increase 4.00 (a) To provide Number of Number 2.00 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 100298 100.0 2.0
Awareness among financial eco-clubs in
the People about assistance to NGC schools
Environmental eco-clubs in financially
Issues for their schools under assisted
the National
Participation in Green Corps
the Protection of Programme
Environme
Indicator ment
(b) To provide Number Number 1.00 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 14297 100.0 1.0
financial of local
assistance level NGOs,
to NGSs, educational
educational and other
and other institutions
institution under financially
the National assisted
Environment
Awareness
Campaign
(c) Advertising Number of Number 1.00 25 20 15 12 10 15 80.0 0.8
& Publicity TV episodes
for awareness and spots
generation produced
for media
campaign
7 Capacity Building 2.00 Sanctioning and Release of number 2.00 65 60 55 50 45 65 100.0 2.0
in Taxonomy and release of grants grants to
Conservation of for ongoing all ongoing
RET Species 65 projects in projects within
13 identified 45 days of
thematic areas. receipt of
proposal
459
8 Survey, 3.00 (a) Survey Extent of Number of 2.40 55 50 45 40 38 71 100.0 2.4
Identification and of forest coverage of field surveys
Documentation of ecosystems, region/state/ conducted
Wild Plant Diversity protected areas district/ecosyst
of the Country and fragile em/ protected
ecosystems areas
(b) Digitization Digital Images Number of 0.60 9500 9000 8500 8000 7500 5783 0.0 0.0
of herbarium and Metadata specimens
specimens digitized
9 Survey, 3.00 (a) Survey Extent of Number of 2.40 90 85 80 75 70 103 100.0 2.4
Identification and of forest coverage of field surveys
Documentation ecosystems, region/state/ conducted
of Wild Faunal protected areas district/ecosyst
Diversity of the and fragile em/protected
Country ecosystems areas
(b) Digitization Digital Images Number of 0.60 4600 4200 4000 3800 3500 9200 100.0 0.6
of national and Metadata specimens
zoological digitized
collections
10 Better Ambient 5.00 (a) Enhancement MLD value Mld 1.00 135 121 108 94 81 100 74.29 0.74
Water Quality of common created
effluent
treatment
capacity
Indicator ment
(b) Notification New Industrial Number 1.00 6 5 4 3 2 6 100.0 1.0
of standards categories to
for additional be covered
categories of
industries
(c) Expanding Additional Number 1.00 500 450 400 350 300 400 80.0 0.8
the network of water quality
water quality monitoring
monitoring stations
stations commissioned
(d)Expending Additional number 1.00 50 40 30 20 10 64 100.0 1.0
the network air quality
of air quality monitoring
monitoring stations
stations (NAMP) commissioned
(e)Expending the Additional number 1.00 25 20 15 12 10 25 100.0 1.0
network of noise noise level
level monitoring monitoring
stations (NANMP) stations
commissioned
11 To Improve 8.00 (a) Setting up of (i) Finalization Date 0.40 30/06/2011 31/07/2011 31/08/2011 30/09/2011 31/10/2012 30/06/2011 100.0 0.4
Management one treatment, of
of Hazardous storage and empanelment
460
Substances disposal facilities of independent
for hazardous agency for
waste & two bio¬ evaluation of
medical wastes DPRs.
treatment and
Disposal Facilities
(ii) Inviting Date 0.40 30/06/2011 31/07/2011 31/08/2011 30/09/2011 31/10/2012 30/06/2011 100.0 0.4
proposals from
states
(iii) Receipt and Date 0.80 31/08/2011 30/09/2011 31/10/2011 30/11/2011 31/12/2011 31/08/2011 100.0 0.8
evaluation of
proposals
(iv) Release Date 0.40 28/02/2012 10/03/2012 15/03/2012 20/03/2012 25/03/2012 28/02/2012 100.0 0.4
of financial
assistance
(b) To have GPS for Number 2.00 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 5000 100.0 2.0
Implementation 5000 industries
of GIS based in different
inventorisation States
system for
hazardous wastes
(c) Physical Review of draft Number 2.00 10 8 6 4 2 10 100.0 2.0
Monitoring of reports
hazard analysis
and off-site
emergency plan
Indicator ment
(d) Creating Organized Number 2.00 10 9 8 7 6 10 100.0 2.0
public awareness workshops/
seminars on
chemical
accidents
management
and wastes
management
12 Better 5.00 Introduction of (i)Preparation Date 2.00 15/06/2011 15/08/2011 15/10/2011 15/12/2011 15/02/2012 28/06/2011 97.87 1.96
Environmental the Environment of Draft
Governance Protection Cabinet
(Amendment) Note for
Bill in the establishment
Parliament for of
environmental
regulatory
reforms including
establishment
of National
Environment
Assessment
and Monitoring
Authority
(NEAMA)
461
(iv) Draft Date 1.00 15/08/2011 15/10/2011 15/12/2011 15/02/2012 15/03/2012 N/A N/A
Environment
Protection
(Amendment)
Bill
(ii)Clearance of Date 1.00 31/10/2011 15/12/2011 31/01/2012 31/03/2012 N/A N/A
the Bill by the

Union Cabinet
(iii) Date 1.00 01/12/2011 01/03/2012 15/03/2012 31/03/2012 N/A N/A
Introduction of
the Bill in the
Parliament
13 Implement 5.00 Monitoring of the (a) Meeting of Number 5.00 2 1 2 100.0 5.0
National Action preparation and Coordination
Plan on Climate implementation Committee
Change through of National
eight Missions and Missions
Specific Initiatives
* Efficient 3.00 Timely On-time Date 2.0 07/03/2011 08/03/2011 09/03/2011 10/03/2011 11/03/2011 07/03/2011 100.0 2.0
Functioning of the submission submission
RFD System of Draft for
Approval
Timely On- time Date 1.0 01/05/2012 03/05/2012 04/05/2012 05/05/2012 06/05/2012 01/05/2012 100.0 1.0
submission of submission
Results
Indicator ment
* Improving 10.00 Implementation Resubmission Date 2.0 16/01/2012 18/01/2012 20/01/2012 23/01/2012 25/01/2012 09/02/2012 0.0 0.0
Internal Efficiency of Sevottam of revised draft
/ Responsiveness of Citizens’ /
/ Service delivery Clients’ Charter
of Ministry /
Department
Independent % 2.0 100 90 80 70 60 49.05 0.0 0.0
Audit of
Grievance
Redress
Mechanism
Ensure No. of items No 2.0 16 15 14 13 12 N/A N/A
compliance with on which
Section 4(1) (b) of information is
the RTI Act, 2005 uploaded by
February 10,
2012
462
Identify Finalize an Date 2.0 26/03/2012 27/03/2012 28/03/2012 29/03/2012 30/03/2012 10/02/2012 100.0 2.0
potential areas action plan
of corruption to mitigate
related to potential areas
departmental of corruption.
activities and
develop an
action plan to
mitigate them
Develop an Finalize an Date 2.0 16/04/2012 17/04/2012 18/04/2012 19/04/2012 20/04/2012 16/04/2012 100.0 2.0
action plan to action plan
implement to implement
ISO 9001 ISO 9001
certification certification
Indicator ment
* Ensuring 2.00 Timely Percentage % 0.5 100 90 80 70 60 100 100.0 0.5
compliance to the submission of of ATNS
Financial ATNS on Audit submitted
Accountability Paras of C&AG within due
Framework date (4
months)
from date of
presentation
of Report to
Parliament by
CAG during the
year.
Timely Percentge of % 0.5 100 90 80 70 60 100 100.0 0.5
submission of ATRs submitted
ATRs to the PAC within due
Sectt. on PAC date (6
Reports. months)
from date of
presentation
of Report to
Parliament by
PAC during the
year.
463
Early disposal of Percentage of % 0.5 100 90 80 70 60 100 100.0 0.5
pending ATNs outstanding
on Audit Paras ATNs disposed
of C&AG Reports off during the
presented to year.
Parliament before
31.3.2011.
Early disposal of Percentage of % 0.5 100 90 80 70 60 100 100.0 0.5

pending ATRs outstanding
on PAC Reports ATRs disposed
presented to off during the
Parliament before year.
31.3.2011
* Mandatory Objective(s)
Published by Environmental Information System (ENVIS), Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India,
New Delhi - 110003 and Printed at India Offset Press, A-1, Maya Puri, Phase-I, New Delhi - 110 064, Tel.: 011-011-28116494
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Ministry of Environment & Forests

Role and Mandate of the Ministry v

1. Natural Resources - Survey and Exploration 1

3. Environmental Impact Assessment 119

4. Abatement of Pollution 131

5 Conservation of Water Bodies 189

6. Regeneration and Eco-development 203

8. Education and Awareness 267

9. Centres of Excellence 299

10. Fellowships and Awards 317

11. Environmental Information 325

12. Legislation and Institutional Support 341

13. Sustainable Development and Climate Change 345

14. International Cooperation 363

15. Administration and Civil Construction 379

16. Plan Coordination and Budget 393

The organization structure of the Ministry ● National Museum of Natural History.

– H ed yo t is t r i men i i Deb & Dutta Andaman & Nicobar Islands

– Tylopilus pseudoscaber (Secretan) Smith – Arenaria kumaonensis Maxim.

Peninsular India – Memecylon clarkeanum Cogn.

– Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & – Sterculia khasiana Debb. Ex Kanjilal, P. C.

Uttarakhand – Taxonomic description of 4 species (Genus

West Bengal – Floristic study of the liverworts and

articles (pdfs) and archival materials, – From 24.10.2012 to 05.11.2012, one

– 3 field tours viz., to 1. Chilkur Balaji, 2. – Aphyllophorales of Himalaya, Volume 1 &

– Algae of India – Checklist 2 (Chlorophyceae, Journals:

Digitisation: BSI started digitizing its – A ‘Capacity Building Training Course in

Table-1. Statewise Status of projects undergoing during 2012-13

Name of State/UT Status (Projects undergoing during 2012)

33. Flora of Jharkhand

Table-2. Budget Allocation (` in Thousand)

PLAN NON PLAN

– Sikkim Himalayan Regional Centre, Database on Oil Yielding Plants completed;

– Taxonomic Revision of Subtribe Established in 2005 at Hyderabad, the circle

(Sponsored by : Government of Chhattisgarh: One new discovery of fish

Species New to Science – Mexichromis mariei

– Three new discoveries of – Hapalogenys filamentosus

– Montipora turtlensis – Kachchh, Gujarat: Two species of Fishes and

Fauna of Conservation Areas

Butterflies, 5 species of Odonata and 4 – Porurlake, Tamil Nadu: 15 species of

National Parks – Pallikarani marsh, Tamil Nadu: Totally nine

– Pictorial Handbook on Butterflies of – Conducted “Capacity Building workshop

– Guide to Dangerous and Venomous Marine Empowerment of Women/weaker Sections

– Southern Regional Centre (SRC), Chennai, Database Information System, Sustainable

– Inventory of Forest and Trees Outside

Recent initiative/achievements National Forest Information System (NFIS)

Environmental Conservation areas are suitable for mangrove plantation

Table-5. Mangrove Sites in India

Table-6. State/UT-wise status of mangrove cover

11 Daman& Diu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1.56 0.56

management and various aspects of pollution under the Chairmanship of Chief

Regional Steering Committee (RSC) - IX Biosphere Reserves

UT Governments for conservation and scrutinized and sanctioned for implementation

Table-7. Comparison of progress vis-a-vis that achieved in previous year

Table-8. List of Designated Biosphere Reserves

the Convention, and to realize

be genetically modified. Hazardous

– National measures for bringing legislative, Review of Bt brinjal post moratorium