Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 166 views

    English Civil War

    Uploaded by

    smrithi
    The English Civil War was a conflict between 1642-1651 over control of the English government between the royalist Cavaliers who supported the King and the puritan Roundheads who supported Parliament. It began due to tensions between King Charles I, who believed in absolute rule, and Parliament, which sought to limit the King's power. Oliver Cromwell rose to power as a leader of the Roundheads and ultimately defeated Charles I, who was executed in 1649. Cromwell then ruled England as a military dictator until his death in 1658. This led to the restoration of the monarchy under King Charles II in 1660 and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    English Civil War

    Uploaded by

    smrithi
    166 views48 pages
    The English Civil War was a conflict between 1642-1651 over control of the English government between the royalist Cavaliers who supported the King and the puritan Roundheads who supported Parliament. It began due to tensions between King Charles I, who believed in absolute rule, and Parliament, which sought to limit the King's power. Oliver Cromwell rose to power as a leader of the Roundheads and ultimately defeated Charles I, who was executed in 1649. Cromwell then ruled England as a military dictator until his death in 1658. This led to the restoration of the monarchy under King Charles II in 1660 and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy.

    Original Description:

    Tell about a brief of English Civil War

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The English Civil War was a conflict between 1642-1651 over control of the English government between the royalist Cavaliers who supported the King and the puritan Roundheads who supported Parliament. It began due to tensions between King Charles I, who believed in absolute rule, and Parliament, which sought to limit the King's power. Oliver Cromwell rose to power as a leader of the Roundheads and ultimately defeated Charles I, who was executed in 1649. Cromwell then ruled England as a military dictator until his death in 1658. This led to the restoration of the monarchy under King Charles II in 1660 and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    166 views48 pages

    English Civil War

    Uploaded by

    smrithi
    The English Civil War was a conflict between 1642-1651 over control of the English government between the royalist Cavaliers who supported the King and the puritan Roundheads who supported Parliament. It began due to tensions between King Charles I, who believed in absolute rule, and Parliament, which sought to limit the King's power. Oliver Cromwell rose to power as a leader of the Roundheads and ultimately defeated Charles I, who was executed in 1649. Cromwell then ruled England as a military dictator until his death in 1658. This led to the restoration of the monarchy under King Charles II in 1660 and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 48

    The English Civil War

    What was the English Civil War?


    How did the conflict effect England’s
    government?
    What was the English Civil War?

    n  The English Civil War


    was a conflict over
    control of the English
    government
    –  1642-1651

    n  Two (2) sides:


    –  The English royal family
    –  Parliament
    What were the causes of the
    English Civil War?
    n  In 1567, Queen
    Elizabeth I of England
    is dying
    –  Never married
    –  No children
    –  No male heir

    n  Her nephew, James I,


    becomes king at the
    age of 13 months
    Queen Elizabeth I – “The Virgin Queen”
    Elizabeth I - “The War Queen”
    James’ “placeholder”
    Queen Mary – “Mary, Queen of Scots”
    Mary’s Execution (1587)
    King James I Crowning (1603)
    What were the causes of the
    English Civil War?
    n  Major issues
    between James I
    and Parliament will
    start the conflict
    –  James I = absolute
    monarchy
    –  Parliament = shared
    power & the Magna
    Carta
    The Magna Carta (1215)
    What was one (1) of the root cause of
    trouble between the King & Parliament?
    What were the major problems
    between the King and Parliament?
    n Authority—James I believed
    in divine right and ignored Parliament
    and its desire to help govern
    n Money—James I has to ask
    Parliament for money to
    finance his government
    and his life style
    (often rejected)
    The Gunpowder Plot (1605)
    What were the major problems between
    the King and Parliament?

    n  Religion would also


    be a major issue
    –  England’s official
    church = The Church
    of England

    n  James was tolerant


    of religious groups
    that Parliament
    viewed as “enemies”
    King Henry VIII (1491-1547)
    The Church of England (1533-40)
    The Puritans
    What were the major problems between
    the King and Parliament?

    n  The English government


    was sharply divided on
    religious grounds
    –  James = Ch. of Eng.
    –  Parliament = Puritan

    n  James further angered


    Parliament with his son’s
    marriage to a Catholic
    princess (Charles I)
    How did the English Civil War start?
    n  When James I died in 1625,
    his son Charles I became king
    n  Charles was “worse”:
    – Believed Parliament was a
    “waste of space”
    – Refused to discuss ideas for
    government with Parliament
    – Only called Parliament
    when he needed money
    How did the English Civil War start?
    n  In
    1628 Parliament got fed up with
    Charles I & refused to give him money
    unless signed The Petition of Rights
    –  a “bill of rights” to protect the rights of
    Puritan subjects targeted by Charles I

    n  Angered, Charles I responded by


    disbanding Parliament & refusing to
    let it meet
    –  Civil war was inevitable
    Name one (1) of the character for both the
    Cavaliers & the Roundheads?
    How did the sides in the Civil
    War develop?
    n  Charles supporters
    included nobles and
    the wealth classes
    –  Royalists
    –  “Cavaliers”

    n  Known for their


    flashy clothes &
    flamboyant style
    The Cavaliers
    How did the sides in the Civil
    War develop?
    n  Parliament found
    support in the lower
    classes of society;
    tired of royal
    extravagance
    –  Parliamentarians
    –  “Roundheads”

    n  Called this due to


    their unique haircuts
    The Roundheads
    Who was Oliver Cromwell?
    n  Oliver Cromwell was
    a former farmer
    turned military /
    political leader
    –  1599-1658

    n  Joined the fight


    against the King
    after a religious
    awakening
    How did the English Civil War end?

    n  In the end,


    Cromwell’s troops
    defeat Charles’ army
    –  Charles I is captured
    and tried for treason

    n  In 1649 Charles I is


    executed
    –  His family flees to
    France
    Who governed England followed
    the English Civil War?
    n  Following Charles I’s
    death, Cromwell
    becomes England’s
    new ruler
    –  Rules from 1649 until
    his death in 1658

    n  Declared England a


    “republic”, but ruled as a
    military & religious
    dictator
    Cromwell Takes Power in England
    Cromwell “Checking” on Charles I
    What are two (2) of the items that
    Cromwell outlaws during his rule of
    England?
    What was life like under Cromwell?
    n  Life
    under Cromwell and his
    supporters was harsh
    –  Forced strict Puritan religious rules on
    the people of England

    n  It
    was illegal to go to theaters &
    sporting events;
    –  “merrymaking” & “amusement” were
    illegal

    n  Citizens
    hated living this way &
    began to want to bring back a king
    again
    Religious law in England
    Punishment for “Enemies”
    Cromwell’s New Model Army
    The Conquest of Ireland (1649-50)
    The Massacre / Deportation of Irish citizens
    The Massacre / Deportation of Irish citizens
    Bridgetown, Barbados
    The Irish Memory…
    Flogging Molly’s “Tobacco Island”
    Dissolving / Reforming of Parliament
    What was “The Restoration” ?
    n  People grew tired of Cromwell’s
    rule; many wanted a king again
    – Got their chance when
    Cromwell died in 1658

    n  In
    1660, Charles I’s son became
    King of England—Charles II
    – Nicknamed the “Merry
    Monarch” due to his repeal of
    many Puritan restrictions
    Cromwell’s Death
    Cromwell’s Missing Head
    Cromwell’s Tomb Today…

    Cromwell’s Tomb
    (Head)

    Cromwell’s Tomb
    (Body)
    What lessons did King Charles
    learn from the Civil War?
    n  Charles II learned from the lessons
    of his father & grandfather:
    –  Does not try to rule by Divine Right alone &
    does not threaten Parliament’s authority
    –  Passed many reforms — everyone
    guaranteed a trial after arrest; cannot be
    held in jail forever (English “bill of rights”)
    –  The Church of England remained the
    official religion, but Charles II treated
    Puritans & Catholics equally

    n  England becomes a “Constitutional Monarchy”


    Special Place for Charles II…

    You might also like